REPORT TITLE:

Types of Amplitude
Modulation and areas of
applications

2019-2020

Department: Electrical Engineering

Student Name: Yusuf ali semen
Stage: Third
Study: Morning study College of Engineering
Class: B Mustansiriyah University
Course Name: Second course
Email: alpedjizft@gmail.com
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Content

1. Introduction
2. Amplitude Modulation
3. types of Amplitude modulation
4. Applications of Amplitude modulation
5. References
 ‫قسم الهندسة الكهرباء‬ ‫كلية الهندسة – الجامعة المستنرصية‬

‫ ب‬: ‫ الشعبة‬/ ‫الثالثة‬: ‫الرمحلة‬ ‫ يوسف علي سمني‬: ‫االسم‬

Introduction

In communication engineering parlance, the message signal is referred to as the

modulating signal .This modulating signal is suitably impressed on a carrier wave,
which is a fixed, radio frequency sinusoidal signal in the case of Continuous-Wave
(CW) analog communication. In the case of pulse modulation and digital
communication, In addition, basic digital pulse modulation schemes like pulse
code modulation and differential waveform coding will also be considered. The
process of impressing a low-frequency message signal on to a high-frequency RF
carier is called modulation. From the point of view of communication, we have
essentially three types of signals to consider. The first is the baseband message
signal which could be speech, music, video, or data. The message signal is
technically called the modulating signal. Next, we have the high-frequency
sinusoidal carrier signal, which is the means by which the modulating signal is
shifted to the RF band. By suitably impressing the modulating signal on to the
high-frequency carrier, through the process of modulation, we obtain the
transmitted signal, technically called the modulated signal. Modulation is
achieved by varying one (or more) of the three parameters of a sinusoid, namely-
amplitude, frequency, and phase. This gives rise to Amplitude-Modulated (AM),
Frequency-Modulated (FM), and Phase-Modulated (PM) systems, respectively. A
consequence of modulation is that, the spectrum of the resulting modulated
signal now resides in the RF portion of the frequency spectrum. the modulated
signal is amplified in a power amplifier to a level suitable to drive the antenna. In
the receiver, the incoming RF modulated signal is ultimately translated back to
the baseband by a process called demodulation
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Amplitude Modulation

Amplitude Modulation (AM) In AM transmission, the carrier signal is modulated

so that its amplitude varies with the changing amplitudes of the modulating
signal. The frequency and phase of the carrier remain the same; only the
amplitude changes to follow variations in the information. Figure 5.16 shows how
this concept works. The modulating signal is the envelope of the carrier. As Figure
5.16 shows, AM is normally implemented by using a simple multiplier because the
amplitude of the carrier signal needs to be changed according to the amplitude of
the modulating signal.
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Type of Amplitude modulation

we have four types of AM, namely:

1. DSB-SC modulation,
2. Conventional amplitude modulation (DSB FC)
3. Single-sideband (SSB) modulation
4. Vestigial-sideband (VSB) modulation

Double Sideband Suppressed Carrier (DSB-SC):If this carrier is

suppressed and the saved power is distributed to the two
sidebands, then such a process is called as Double Sideband
Suppressed Carrier system or simply DSBSC.
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Double Sideband with full carrier (DSB-FC):The transmission of such a signal which
contains a carrier along with two sidebands, can be termed as Double Sideband
Full Carrier system, or simply DSB-FC. most widely used AM.

Single sideband, SSB modulation is basically a derivative of amplitude modulation,

AM. By removing some of the components of the ordinary AM signal it is possible
to significantly improve its efficiency.
It is possible to see how an AM signal can be improved by looking at the spectrum
of the signal. When a steady state carrier is modulated with an audio signal, for
example a tone of 1 kHz, then two smaller signals are seen at frequencies 1 kHz
above and below the main carrier
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Vestigial Sideband Modulation or VSB Modulation is the process where a part of

the signal called as vestige is modulated, along with one sideband. A VSB signal
can be plotted as shown in the following figure

Amplitude modulation applications

Amplitude modulation is used in a variety of applications. Even though it is not as
widely used as it was in previous years in its basic format it can nevertheless still
be found.

Broadcast transmissions: AM is still widely used for broadcasting on the long,

medium and short wave bands. It is simple to demodulate and this means that
radio receivers capable of demodulating amplitude modulation are cheap and
simple to manufacture. Nevertheless many people are moving to high quality
forms of transmission like frequency modulation, FM or digital transmissions.

Air band radio: VHF transmissions for many airborne applications still use AM. . It
is used for ground to air radio communications as well as two way radio links for
ground staff as well.

Single sideband: Amplitude modulation in the form of single sideband is still used
for HF radio links. Using a lower bandwidth and providing more effective use of
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the transmitted power this form of modulation is still used for many point to
point HF links.

Quadrature amplitude modulation: AM is widely used for the transmission of

data in everything from short range wireless links such as Wi-Fi to cellular
telecommunications and much more. Effectively it is formed by having two
carriers 90° out of phase.

Entertainment - AM Radio (music, talk radio)

Business -CB Radio to relay shipment progress, conference calls with other
branches via telephone or speakerphone

Government - Police officers keeping contact with the station, or relaying the
information and location of a suspect

Personal - Cell phones or walkie-talkies for chatting with friends

Military - Using undetectable radio signals to communicate with other soldiers, or

voice commands to control weapons
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Reference

Communication(Jntu)

Thomas-Chandrasekhar

Tata McGraw-Hill Education, 2016/12/01

Transmitter current applications United States. Bureau of Naval Personnel 1965

Data Communications and Networking F I FTH E DITION Behrouz A. Forouzan