PRESENT PAST FUTURE

SIMPLE An action that is habitual An action that ended in A plan for an action in
or repeated. the past. the future.

FORMULA Subject + infinitive (+s) Subject + verb in past Subject + will + infinitive

EXAMPLES POSITIVE I live I lived I will live

She lives She lived She will live
NEGATIVE I don’t live I didn’t live I will not live
She doesn’t live She didn’t live She will not live
QUESTION Do you live? Did you live? Will you live?
Does she live? Did she live? Will she live?

CONTINUOUS An action that is in the An action that was An action that will
process of happening happening when happen in the future for
now. another action finished. a length of time.

FORMULA Subject + am/is/are + Subject + was/were + Subject + will be +

verb ing verb ing verb ing

EXAMPLES POSITIVE I am living I was living I will be living

She is living She was living She will be living
NEGATIVE I am not living I was not living I will not be living
She is not living She was not living She will not be living
QUESTION Are you living? Were you living? Will you be living?
Is she living? Was she living? Will she be living?

PERFECT An action that happened An action that finished An action that will finish
at an unsaid time in the before another action or before another action or
past. time in the past. time in the future.

FORMULA Subject + have/has + Subject +had + participle Subject + will have +

participle participle

EXAMPLES POSITIVE I have lived I had lived I will have lived

She has lived She had lived She will have lived
NEGATIVE I have not lived I had not lived I will not have lived
She has not lived She had not lived She will not have lived
QUESTION Have you lived? Had you lived? Will you have lived?
Has she lived? Had she lived? Will she have lived?
PERFECT An action that happens An action that happened An action that happens
over time, starting in the over time in the past over time in the future
CONTINUOUS past and continuing into before another action. before another action.
the present.

FORMULA Subject + have/has + Subject + had + been + Subject + will have +

been + verb ing verb ing been + verb ing

EXAMPLES POSITIVE I have been living I had been living I will have been living
She has been living She had been living She will have been living
NEGATIVE I have not been living I had not been living I won’t have been living
She has not been living She had not been living She won’t have been living
QUESTION Have you been living? Had you been living? Will you have been living?
Has she been living? Had she been living? Will she have been living?