1 MANRE SA Syllabus in CONSTITUTIONAL LAW I irst Semester 2018 (2019) Atty. V. Paul Le. Montejo STRUCTURE AND POWERS OF GOVERNMENT 1. IN GENERAL A. Political Law Defined Case - MACARIOLA VS. ASUNCION 114 SCRA 77 (1982) B. Constitutional Law Defined C. Constitution Defined ‘TypesiKinds of Constitution Parts of Constitution - Government; Liberties; and Sovereignty Ml. BACKGROUND OF THE PRESENT CONSTITUTION A. The February 1986 Revolution and the Proc'amation of the Provisional Constitution. Proclamation No. 1 - Feb. 25, 1986 (Prov. Govt.) Proclamation No. 3 - March 25, 1986 (Prov. Const.) Cases - LAWYERS LEAGUE VS. AQUINO May 22, 1986 IN RE: BERMUDEZ 145 SCRA 160 (1986) LETTER OF ASSOCIATE JUSTICE PUNO 210 SCRA 589 (1992) B. Adoption and Effectivity of the Present Constitution Article V of the Provisional Constitution Sec. 27, Art. XVIII of the 1987 Constitution Proclamation No. 58 - Feb. 11, 1987 Case - DE LEON VS. ESGUERRA 153 SCRA 602 (1987) Compare with Effectiviy of Statutes Case - TANADA VS. TUVERA 136 SCRA 27 (1985) & 146 SCRA 446 (1986) Law -E.0. 200 - June 18, 1987 Amending Art. 2 of the Civil Code Ill, JUDICIAL ELASORATION OF THE CONSTITUTION ‘A. Construction - MANILA PRINCE HOTEL VS. GSIS 267 SCRA 408 (1997) DOMINO VS. COMELEC 310 SCRA 546 (1999) PAMATONG VS. COMELEC 427 SCRA 96 (2004) DATU MICHAEL ABAS KIDA V. SENATE (AND ‘COMPANION CASES) 659 SCRA 270 (2011) and 667 SCRA 270 (2012) CHAVEZ VS. JBC 696 SCRA 496 (2013) DAVID VS. SET 803 SCRA 435 (2016) B. Theory of Judicial Review Separation of Powers Case ~ ANGARA VS. ELECTORAL COMMISSION 63 PHIL 139 (1936) RE: COA OPINION 678 SCRA 1 (2012)GARCIA VS. DRILON 699 SCRA 952 (2013) MAMISCAL VS. ABDULLAH 761 SCRA 39 (2015) CARPIO-MORALES VS.CA774 SCRA 431 (2015) KMU VS. AQUINO III 794 SCRA 655 (2016) REPUBLIC VS. ROQUE 805 SCRA 524 (2016) RAMA VS. MOISES 812 SCRA 247 (2016) Presumption of Constitutionality Case - PEREZ VS. PEOPLE 544 SCRA 532 (2008) ANNOTATION ~ JUDICIAL REVIEW ~ 583 SCRA 142 (2009) C. Conditions for the Exercise of Judicial Review Cases- FUNA VS. AGRA 691 SCRA 196 (2013) BELGICA VS. OCHOA 710 SCRA 1 (2013) MANILA MEMORIAL VS. DSWD 711 SCRA 302 (2013) FUNA VS, MANILA ECON OFFICE 715 SCRA 247 (2015) DISINI VS. SOJ 716 SCRA 237 (2014) REYES VS. INSULAR LIFE 720 SCRA 401 (2014) IMBONG VS, OCHOA 721 SCRA 146 (2014) ARAULLO VS. AQUINO Ill 728 SCRA 1 (2014) 749 SCRA 283 (2015) (MFR) KALIPUNAN VS. ROBREDO 730 SCRA 322 (2014) UNITED OVERSEAS VS. BOC-HLURB 760 SCRA 300 (2015) SEC VS, BAGUIO COUNTRY CLUB 766 SCRA 355 (2015) REPUBLIC VS, CORTEZ 769 SCRA 267 (2015) ‘SMLAND VS. BCDA 769 SCRA 310 (2015) OSMENA VS. PSALM 771 SCRA 596 (2015) OSMENA VS. ABAYA 781 SCRA 1 (2016) UNDURAN VS. ABERASTURI 773 SCRA 114 (2015) LAUDE VS. GINEZ-JABALDE 775 SCRA 408 IN’ NAL SERVICE VS, GREENPEACE SEA (PHI 776 SCRA 434 (2015) Kat RY (C777 SCRA 574 (2015) ‘ON VS_ESP! SCRA 404 (2015) SAGUISAG VS. OCHOA 779 SCRA 241 (2016) RAPPLER VS. BAUTISTA 788 SCRA 442 (2016) I ROSALES VS. ERC 788 SCRA 292 (2016) OCAMPO VS. ENRIQUEZ 807 SCRA 223 (2016) ROY II VS. HERBOS 810 SCRA 1 (2016) PHILCONSA VS. GPH_ RA 284 ICOW VS. GCC 812 St 2016) ANNOTATION ON LOCUS STANDI ~ 314 SCRA 641 - 548 SCRA 519 D. Functions of Judicial Review: Checking, Legitimating and Symbolic Cases - JAVIER VS. COMELEC 144 SCRA 194 (1986) ‘ABS-CBN VS. COMELEC 323 SCRA 811 (2000) CENTRAL BANK VS. BSP 446 SCRA 229 (2004) E. All Courts Can Exercise Judicial Review Cases - YNOT VS. IAC 148 SCRA 659 (1987) BROKENSHIRE VS, MINISTER 182 SCRA 5 (1990) ONGSUCO VS. MALONES 604 SCRA 499 (2009) MOISES 812 SCRA 247 (2017) Page 2 - Constitutional Law 1 - Sylabus ~ 2018 (2019)F. Effects of Declaration of Unconstitutionality Law - Article 7, New Civil Code of the Philippines Cases - SERRANO DE AGBAYANI VS. PNB 38 SCRA 429 (1971) FLORES VS. DRILON 223 SCRA 568 (1993) ALDOVINO VS. ALUNAN Ill 230 SCRA 825 (1994) Operative Fact Doctrine | Cases ~ HACIENDA LUISITA VS. PARC 660 SCRA 525 (2011) COCOFED VS. REPUBLIC 663 SCRA 514 (2012) CIR VS. SAN ROQUE 707 SCRA 66 (2013) BELGICA VS. OCHOA 710 SCRA 1 (2013) ARAULLO VS. AQUINO Ill 728 SCRA 1 (2074 749 SCRA 283 (2015) (MIR) CIR VS. PUREGOLD 760 SCRA 96 (2015) G. Political Question vs. Justiciable Question Cases - OPOSA VS. FACTORAN 224 SCRA 792 (1993) VELARDE VS. SJS 428 SCRA 283 (2004) COMELEC VS. CRUZ 605 SCRA 167 (2009) VINUYA VS, ROMULO 619 SCRA 533 (2010) 732 SCRA 595 (2014) | SAGUISAG VS. OCHOA 779 SCRA‘241 (2016) RAMA VS. MOISES 812 SCRA 247 (2017) IV. THE PHILIPPINES AS A STATE A. State Defined - Elements Case - COLLECTOR VS. CAMPOS RUEDA 42 SCRA 23 (1971) B. Territory Case — NICOLAS VS. ROMULO 578 SCRA 438 (2009) SAC VS. OCHOA 77: 241 (2016) The Archipelago Concept - Article 1, 1987 Constitution 1. The Philippine Archipelago a. Treaty Limits Att Ill of the Treaty of Paris, Treaty of Washington between Spain and US (1-7-1900) Treaty between US and Great Britain (1-2-1930) b. Methods of Determining Baselines i RA. 3046 - June 17, 1961 RA, 5446 - Sept. 8, 1968 i R.A, 9522 - March 10, 2009 2. Other Territories Over which the Philippines has Sovereignty or Jurisdiction Law - P.D. No. 1596 - June 11, 1978 (Kalayaan Islands) “Scarborough Shoal” Article: Kalayaan Islands by: Amb. Pacifico Castro, Lawyer's Review, Page 4, December 31, 1999 : 3. The Territorial Sea, the Sea Bed, the Subsoil, the Insular Shelves and (Other Submarine Areas. 4, Two Hundred-Mile Exclusive Economic Zone Laws - P.D. 1599 - June 11, 1978 Page 3 - Constitutional Law 1 - Syllabus ~ 2018 (2019)U.N. Convention on the Law of the Sea - April 30, 1982 C. People 1 Different Meaning of the Word “People” under the Constitution a. Inhabitants - Secs. 15 & 16, Art. Il; Sec, 2, Art. Ill Case - QUA CHEE GAN VS. DEPORTATION BOARD 9 SCRA 27 (1963) Sec. 1, Art Xi b. Citizens - Preamble; Secs. 1 & 4, Art. II; Sec 7, Art. Ill 6. Electors - Sec. 2, Art. VI; Sec. 4, Art. Vil; Sec, 25, Art. XVIII 2. Citizenship a. Who are Citizens Sec. 1, Art. 1V, 1987 Constitution ‘Suggested Readings - ANNOTATIONS ON CITIZENSHIP 197 SCRA 928 (1991); 232 SCRA 800 (1994); 257 SCRA 795 (1996); & 337 SCRA 558 (2000) Case - TECSON VS. COMELEC 424 SCRA 277 (2004) GO, SR. VS. RAMOS 598 SCRA 266 (2009) VILANDO VS. HRET 656 SCRA 17 (2011) GOVS, BID 759 SCRA 578 (2015) REPUBLIC VS. KARBASI 764 SCRA 352 (2015) AGUSTIN VS. COMELEC 774 SCRA 353 (2015) POE VS.COMELEC 786 SCRA 1 (2016 VAZQUEZ VS. KHO 796 SCRA 92 (2016) DAVID VS_SET 803 SCRA 435 (2016) b. Election of Philippine Citizenship Law- COMM. ACT NO. 625 - JUNE 7, 1941 Cases - IN RE: CHING 316 SCRA 1 (1999) REPUBLIC VS. LIM 419 SCRA 123 (2004) MA VS. FERNANDEZ 625 SCRA 566 (2010) VILANDO VS. HRET 656 SCRA 17 (2011) REPUBLIC VS. SAGUN 666 SCRA 321 (2012) ¢. Natural-Born Citizens ANNOTATION 357 SCRA 580 Sec. 2, Art. IV, 1987 Constitution ‘Who must be Natural-Born 1. President - Art. Vil, Sec 2 2. Vice President - Art Vil, Sec. 3 3. Members of Congress - Art. VI, Secs. 3 & 6 4, Justices of the Supreme Court and Lower Collegiate Courts - Art. Vill, Sec. 8 Case ~ KILOSBAYAN VS. ERMITA '526 SCRA 353 (2007) 5. Ombudsman and Deputies - Art. XI, Sec. 8 6. Constitutional Commission Members - ‘Art IX-B, Sec. 1 (1) ‘Att IX-C, Sec 1(1) ‘Att. IX-D, Sec. 1 (1) 7. Central Monetary Authority Members - ‘Att xil, Sec. 20 8. Commission on Human Rights Members - Ast. Xill, See. 17 (2) Page 4 - Constitutional Law 1 - Syllabus — 2018 (2019)4d. Naturalized Citizens Laws ~ RA. 9139 June 8, 2001 COMM, ACT NO. 473 - JUNE 17, 1939 Case - GO VS. REPUBLIC 729 SCRA 138 (2014) 1. Who are qualified to be Naturalized Note Effect of R.A. 6809 - Age of Majority Note Effect on Language Requirement - Att. XIV, Sec. 6, 1987 Constitution Residency Requirement Reduiced to 5 years 2. Declaration of Intention 3. Procedure 4, When Decision is Executory - Sec. 15, RA. 530 Case ~ REPUBLIC VS. LI CHING CHUNG 694 SCRA 249 (2013) 5, Denaturalization Case - CO VS. CIVIL REGISTER 423 SCRA 420 (2004) REPUBLIC VS. ONG 673 SCRA 485 (2012) % RA 9139 June 8, 2001 Case — REPUBLIC VS. BATUIGAS 706 SCRA 746 (2013) 3. Loss and Reacquisiion of Citizenship Sec. 3, Art. V, 1987 Constitution Law - COMM: ACT NO. 63 Case — AASJS VS. DATUMANONG 523 SCRA 108 (2007) LOPEZ VS. COMELEC 559 SCRA 698 (2008) JACOT VS. DAL 572 SCRA 295 (2008) DE GUZMAN VS. COMELEC 590 SCRA 149 (09) SOBEJANA-CONDON VS. COMELEC 678 SCRA 267 (2012) MAQUILING Vs LEC 6! 700 SCRA 367 (2013) a. Loss of Citizenship 1. Naturalization in a Foreign Country Cases - REPUBLIC VS. DELA ROSA 232 SCRA 785 (1994) GUY VS. IGNACIO 622 SCRA 678 (2010) 2. Express Renunciation or Expatriation Cases - YU VS. DEFENSOR-SANTIAGO 169 SCRA 364 (1989) AZNAR VS. COMELEC 185 SCRA 703 (1990) VILANDO VS. HRET 656 SCRA 17 (2011) ‘SOBEJANA-CONDON VS. COMELEC 678 SCRA 267 (2012) bb, Reacquisition or Repatriation Law — Sec 4, C.A. No. 63 PD. No. 725 RA No. 8171 - October 23, 1995 RA. No. 9225 - August 29, 2003, Cases - REPUBLIC VS. DELA ROSA 232 SCRA 785 (1994) VALLES VS. COMELEC 337 SCRA 543 (2000) BENGZON Ill VS. HRET 357 SCRA 545 (2001) Page 5 - Constitutional Law 1 - Syllabus ~ 2018 (2019)ANGAT VS. REPUBLIC 214 SCRA 438 (1999) ALTERAJOS VS. COMELEC 441 SCRA 655 (2004) TABASA VS. CA 500 SCRA 9 (2006) MAQUILING VS. COMELEC 696 SCRA 420 700 SCRA 367 (2013 ARNADO VS. COMELEC 767 SCRA 168 (2015) /ABALLERO VS. COMELEC 771 SCRA 213 (15) ANO VS. COMELEC 802 SCRA 446 (2016) AVID VS. SE" CRA 435 (2016) CARDINO VS. COMELEC 819 SCRA 586 (2017) 4, Dual Allegiance Sec. 5, Art. IV, 1987 Constitution (Dual Allegiance) Sec. 40 (d), Local Govt, Code of 1991 Case - MERCADO VS. MANZANO 307 SCRA 630 (1999) ‘Annotation - ALLEGIANCE OF FORMER FILIPINO CITIZEN — 573 SCRA 733 (2008) D. Sovereignty 1. Sovereign Immunity a. Basis Sec. 3, Art. XVI, 1987 Constitution Case - REPUBLIC VS. VILLASOR $4 SCRA 83 (1973) ANNOTATION ~ IMMUNITY OF GOVERNMENT. AGENCY 591 SCRA 104 (2009) b, When is a Suit against the State (Cases - PROFESSIONAL VIDEO VS. TESDA 591 SCRA 83 (2009) HEIRS OF MATEO PIDACAN VS. ATO 629 SCRA 451 (2010) ATO VS. RAMOS 644 SCRA 36 (2011) CHINA NATIONAL VS. SANTAMARIA 665 SCRA 189 (2012) HEIRS OF GAMBOA VS. TEVES 682 SCRA 397 (2012) DOH VS. PHIL PHARMA 691 SCRA 421 (2013) ARIGO VS. SWIFT 735 SCRA 102 (2014) NHA VS, ROXAS 773 SCRA 358 (2015) BUISAN. ‘SCRA 346 (2017 ¢. Consent to be Sued How Consent is Given Cases - VETERANS MANPOWER VS. CA 214 SCRA 286 (1992) DA VS. NLRC 227 SCRA 693 (1993) 41. Express Consent a, Money Claims Arising From Contract, Laws - CA. 3083, C.A. 327 & P.D. 1415, Case - SAYSON VS. SINGSON 84 SCRA 282 (1973) b. Incorporation of Govt. Owned and/or Page 6 - Constitutional Law 1 - Syllabus ~ 2018 (2019)Controlled Corporations (GOCCs) Case - NHA VS. HEIRS OF GUIVELONDO. 404 SCRA 389 (2003) 2. Implied Consent a. Govt. Enters Into Business Contracts Cases ~ PTA VS. PGDEI 668 SCRA 406 b. Inequitable to Claim Immunity Case ~ EPG CONSTRUCTION Vs. VIGILAR 354 SCRA 566 (2001) REPUBLIC VS, UNIMEX 518 SCRA 19 (2007) ©. Govt. Initiates a Complaint. Open to Counterclaim Case - FROILAN VS. PAN ORIENTAL 95 PHIL 905 (1950) REPUBLIC VS. SANDIGANBAYAN ‘484 SCRA 119 (2006) 3. Scope of Consent ‘a. Under Act No. 3083 Case - COMMISSIONER VS. SAN DIEGO 31 SCRA 616 (1970) b. Under a Charter Case - PNB VS. CIR 81 SCRA 314 (1978) . Execution Cases - DEPT. OF FOREIGN AFFAIRS VS, NLRC 262 SCRA 39 (1996) - REPUBLIC VS. NLRC 263 SCRA 290 REPUBLIC VS. HIDALGO 477 SCRA 32 (2005) 4. Suabilty vs. Liability ‘Quasi-Delict committed by Special Agent Law ~ Art. 2180, New Civil Code Cases - MERRIT VS. GOVT 34 PHIL 311 (1916) MUNICIPALITY VS. JUDGE 195 SCRA 692 (1991) MUNICIPALITY OF HAGONOY VS. DUMDUM 616 SCRA 1 (2010) ANNOTATION ~ DIPLOMATIC IMMUNITY 323 SCRA 699 E. Goverment 4. “Government” in General - Defined 2. “Government of the Philippines" - Defined Law - Sec. 2 (1), Administrative Code of 1987 V. THE STRUCTURE AND POWERS OF THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT Page 7 - Constitutional Law 1 - Syllabus - 2018 (2019)A. LEGISLATIVE DEPARTMENT (CONGRESS) +. Composition, Qualifications, and Term of Office a. Senate Art. VI, Secs. 2-4 b. House of Representative Art. VI, Secs. 5-6 At. IX, C, Sees. 6-8 Art. XVII, Sec. 7 Fair Elections Act — R.A. 9006) Cases - SABIL! VS. COMELEC 670 SCRA 664 (2012) ALDOVINO VS. COMELEC 609 SCRA 636 (2009) TALAGA VS, COMELEC 683 SCRA 602 (2012) QUINTO VS. COMELEC 606 SCRA 258 (2009) 613 SCRA 385 (2010) MITRA VS. COMELEC 622 SCRA 749 (2010) ASISTIO VS. AGUIRRE 619 518 (2010) cA MELEC 771 SCRA 213 (2015) POE VS, COMELEC 786 SCRA 4 (2016) DANO VS. COMELEC 802 SCRA 446 (2016) DAVID VS. SET 803 SCRA 435 (2616) Annotation ~ RESIDENCY 691 SCRA 385 (2013) Apportionment / Districts Cases - SEMA VS. COMELEC 558 SCRA 700 (2008) ‘ALDABA VS, COMELEC 611 SCRA 137 (2009 615 SCRA 564 (2010) NAVARRO VS. ERMITA 612 SCRA 131 (2009) ‘AQUINO Ill VS. COMELEC 617 SCRA 623 (2010) MALI VS_ COMELEG 723 SCRA 170 (2014) NAVAL VS, COMELEC 729 SCRA 299 (2014 Law - PARTY LIST SYSTEM ACT R.A. 7941 March 3, 1995 Cases ~ BANAT VS. COMELEC 586 SCRA 210 (2009) ABAYON VS. HRET 612 SCRA 375 (2010) ‘ANG LADLAD VS. COMELEC 618 SCRA 32 (2010) LOKIN, JR. VS COMELEC 621 SCRA 285 (2010) 674 SCRA 538 (2012 MORES VS. HRET 622 SCRA 593 (2010) AYUG VS, COMELEC 667 SCRA 135 (20121 MAGDALO VS. Ci 73 SCR 012) Ti ‘694 SCRA 477 (2013) COCOFED VS. COMELEC 703 SCRA 165 ANAD VS. COMELEC 705 SCRA 340 (2013 ABANG LINGKOD VS. COMELEC. 708 SCRA 133 (13) LICO VS, COMELEC 771 SCRA 596 (2015) ‘Annotation - CANCELLATION OF ACCREDITATION 706 SCRA 298 ¢. Synchronized terms of office Art. XVIll, Secs. 1-2 ANNOTATION ON TERM LIMITATION 582 SCRA 774 (09) Case - ALOOVINO VS. COMELEC 609 SCRA 636 (2009) Page 6 - Constitutional Law 1 - Syllabus - 2018 (2019)ABUNDO VS. COMELEC 688 SCRA 149 (2013, NAVAL VS. COMELEC '29 SCRA 299 (2014) 2. Election a. Regular election Art. VI, Sec. & b. Special election Art Vi, See. 9 Aut 1X, C, Sec. 14 Law - REP. ACT NO 6645, Dec. 28, 1987 REP. ACT NO. 7166 Case - TOLENTINO VS. COMELEC 420 SCRA 438 (2004) 3. Salaries, Privileges, end Disquaiications 2. Saiaries At VI, See. 10 Ar. XVIII, Sec. 17 Case - PHILCONSA VS. MATHAY 18 SCRA 300 (1966) LIGOT VS. MATHAY 56 SCRA 823 (1974) b. Freedom from arrest Ant VI, Seo. 11 Case - PEOPLE VS. JALOSJOS 324 SCRA 689 (2000) TRILLANES VS. PIMENTEL 556 SCRA 471 (2008) . Speech and Debate Clause ‘Art. VI, Sec. 11 Cases - JIMENEZ VS. CABANGBANG 17 SCRA 876 (1966) OSMENA VS. PENDATUN 109 PHIL 863 (1960) d. Disquaifications (1) Incompatibie and Forbidden Offices. Id. Sec. 13 Case - LIBAN VS. GORDON 593 SCRA 68 (2009) LIBAN VS. GORDON 639 SCRA 703 (2011) (2) Other prohibitions Att. VI, Sec. 14 Case - PUYAT VS. DE GUZMAN 113 SCRA 31 (1982) BELGICA VS, OCHCA 710 SCRA 1 (2013) Att XI, Sec.16 8. Duty to disclose Art. XI, Sec 17 Art. VI, Sec 12 Id, Sec. 20 4. Internal Government of Congress 1a. Election of Officers. ‘Att. VI, Sec. 16 (1) Case ~ SANTIAGO VS. GUINGONA 298 SCRA 756 (1998) . Quorum Id., See. 16 (2) Case - AVELINO VS. CUENCO 83 PHIL. 17 (1949) Page ®- Constitutional Law 4 Syilabus ~ 2018 (2019). Rules of proceedings Id. Sec, 16 (3) Id. Sec 21 Case - ARROYO VS. DE VENECIA 277 SCRA256 (1997) GARCILLANO VS. HR COMMITTEES 575 SCRA 170 (2008 DELA PAZ VS. SENATE COMMITTE® s70 SCRA 521 (2009) 4. Discipline of members 1d., Sec. 16 (3) Cases - ALEJANDRINO VS. QUEZON 46 PHIL. 83 (1924), OSMENA VS. PENDATUN 109 PHIL. 863 (1960) (suspension for 15 months) SANTIAGO VS, SANDIGANBAYAN 356 SCRA 636 (2001) . Journal and Congressional Records ‘Art, VI, Sec. 16 (4) (1) The Enrolied Bill Theory Cases - ARROYO VS. DE VENECIA 277 SCRA 268, (1997) FARINAS VS. EXECUTIVE 417 SCRA 503 (2003) ABAKADA VS. PURISIMA 562 SCRA 251 (08) (2) Probative value of the journal Case - UNITED STATES VS. PONS 34 PHIL. 729 (1916) (3) Matters required to be entered in the Journal {(@) Yeas and nays on third and final reading of a bill ‘Art. VI, Sec, 26 (2) {b) Veto message of the President ‘Art. VI, Sec. 27 (1) (©) Yeas and nays on the repassing of a bill vetoed by the President (¢) Yeas and nays on any question at the request of 15 of members present (Art. VI, Sec. 16 [4]) (e) Summary of Proceedings (4) Journal Entry Rule v. Enrolled Bill Theory Cases - ASTORGA VS. VILLEGAS 56 SCRA 714 (1974) FIELD VS. CLARK, 36 L. ED. 294 (1891) {itis not competent for the appellants to show from the joumals that the enrolled bill contained a section that does not appear in the enrolled act in the custody of the State Dept") (5) Congressional Record Art., Sec. 16 (4), par. 2 5. Sessions (1) Regular sessions Art. VI, See. 15 1d, Sec. 16 (5) Page 10 - Constitutional Law 1 - Syllabus ~ 2018 (2019)Case - GUEVARA VS. INOCENTES 16 SCRA 379 (1966) (2) Special sessions Id., sec. 15 Att Vil, Secs. 10-14 ‘Art. Vil, sec. 18 par. 3 (3) Joint sessions {(@) Voting separately ‘Art. VIl, Sec. 4 (Choosing the President) 1d, Sec. 11, Par. 4 (Determining the President's temporary disability) 1d., Sec. 9 (Confirming the nomination of a Vice-President) Ad Vi, Sec. 23(1) (Declaring a state of war) Art XVI, Sec. 1(1) (Amending the Constitution) {(b) Voting jointly Art. Vil, Sec. 18 (to revoke or extend ‘martial law or suspension of privilege of habeas corpus) 6 Electoral Tribunal ‘At. VI, Sees. 17 and 19 Cases - BARBERS VS. COMELEC 460 SCRA 569 (2009) FERNANDEZ VS. HRET 608 SCRA 733 (2009) MENDOZA VS. COMELEC 603 SCRA 692 (2009) 616 SCRA 443 (2010) ABAYON VS. HRET 612 SCRA 375 (2009) LAYUG VS. COMELEC 667 SCRA 135 (2012) JALOSJOS VS. COMELEC 674 SCRA 530 (2012) ATONG PAGLAUM VS. COMELEC 694 SCRA 477 (13} REYES VS. COMELEC 699 SCRA 522 (201: 108 SCRA 197 (2013 ‘TANADA VS. COMELEC 708 SCRA 188 (2013) LICO VS. COMELEC 771 SCRA 596 (2015) VELASCO VS. BELMONTE 780 SCRA 81 (2016) Ty-DELGADO VS. HRET 7: 7 (2011 YA VS. Hi SCRA 314 (206) RIVERA VS. JMELEC 790 SCRA 44: 4 ‘ABAYON VS, HRET 791 SCRA 242 (2016) Annotation - JURISDICTION 692 SCRA 717 ‘a. Composition ‘Cases- TANADA VS. CUENCO, 103 PHIL. 1051(1957) ABBAS VS. SET, 166 SCRA 651 (1988) PIMENTEL VS. HRET 393 SCRA 231 (2002) b. Nature of Function ‘Case- ANGARA VS. ELECTORAL COMMISSION 63 PHIL. 139 (1946) REQUEST OF JUSTICES MELENCIO HERRERA, ‘CRUZ AND FELICIANO TO BE RELIEVED AS MEMBERS OF THE HRET, RESOLUTION DATED MARCH 19. 1991 Page 11 - Constitutional Law 1 - Syllabus ~ 2018 (2019)«. Independence of the Electoral Tribunals Case - BONDOC VS. PINEDA, 201 SCRA 792 (1991) d, Powers Cases - LIBANAN VS. HRET 283 SCRA 520 (1997) GARCIA VS. HRET 312 SCRA 353 (1999) €. Judicial Review of decisions of Electoral Tribunals Case - MARTINEZ VS. HRET 610 SCRA 733 (2010) SANDOVAL VS. HRET 614 SCRA 793 (2010) VILANDO VS. HRET 656 SCRA 17 (2011) 7. Commission on Appointments Art. Vi, Secs. 18 and 19 Cases - GUINGONA VS. GONZALES 214 SCRA 789 (1991) AND 219 SCRA 326 (1993) PIMENTEL VS. HRET 393 SCRA 231 (2002) 8, Powers of Congress A. General plenary powers Art. VI, Sec. 1 | Case - CITY OF DAVAO VS. RTC ~ 467 SCRA 280 (2005) ‘ABOS VS, BORROMEO 764 SCRA 78 (2015) 1 Limitations on the legislative power (1) Substantive imitations (a) Express substantive limitations At Il (Bil of Rights) ‘Att VI, Secs. 25.and 28 ‘Att XIV, Sec. 4(3) At VI, Sec. 29 Cases - NAZARETH VS. VILLAR 689 SCRA 385 (2013) BELGICA VS. OCHOA 710 SCRA 1 (2013) ARAl AQUINO Ill 728 SCRA 1 (2014) 749 SCRA 283 (2015) (MIR) Id., Sec. 30 Id, See. 31 (b) Implied substantive limitations Doctrine of Non-Delegation of Powers Applicable in all branches of Government Case - FLORES VS. MONTEMAYOR 629 SCRA 178 (2019) 1. Prohibition against delegation of legislative power Cases - GUTIERREZ VS. DBM 616 SCRA 1 (2010) COCOFED VS. REPUBLIC 663 SCRA 514 (12) COMM OF CUSTOMS VS. HYPERMIX: 664 SCRA 666 (2012) VIVAS VS. MONETARY BOARD OF BSP 703 SCRA 290 (2013) BELGICA VS, OCHOA 710 SCRA 1 (2013) ‘TUA VS. MANGROBANG 714 SCRA 428 DISINIVS. SOJ 716 SCRA 237 (2014) Page 12 - Constitutional Law 1 - Syllabus - 2018 (2019)FERRER VS. BAUTISTA 760 SCRA 652 (15) CRUZ VS. PANDACAN HIKERS 778 SCRA 385 (2016) ‘QC-PTCA VS, DEP ED 784 SCRA 505 (2016) Exception to Non-Delegation Doctrine Delegation to the President Art. Vi, See. 23(2) & Sec. 28 (2) Delegation to the people Art vil, sec, 32 Delegation to local governments Case ~ UMALI VS. COMELEC 723 SCRA 170 (2014) 2. Prohibition against passage of irrepealable laws (2) Procedural limitation ANNOTATION: The Legislative Process 869 SCRA 611 (2012) Art VI, Secs. 26-27 Case - ARROYO VS DE VENECIA 291 SCRA 433 (1998) ABAKADA VS. PURISIMA 562 SCRA 251 (2008) B. Question hour ‘Art VI, Sec. 22 Case ~ SENATE VS. ERMITA 488 SCRA 1 (2006) C. Legislative investigations Art VI, Sec. 21 Cases- SENATE BLUE RIBBON VS. MAJADUCON 407 SCRA 356 (2004) SENATE VS. ERMITA 488 SCRA 1 (2006) GUDANI VS. SENGA 498 SCRA 671 (2006) IN RE: SABIO 504 SCRA 704 (2006) STANDARD CHARTERED VS. SENATE COMMITTEE. 541 SCRA 456 (2008) NERI VS. SENATE COMMITTEE 549 SCRA 77 (2008) 564 SCRA 52 (2008) GARCILLANO VS. HR COMMITTEES 575 SCRA 170 (2008) OMSAT Vs 173 SCRA 611 (2012} D. Act as board of canvassers for Presidential and Vice Presidential elections - Art. Vil, Sec. 4, par. 4 Case ~ BRILLANTES VS. COMELEC 432 SCRA 269 (2004) £. Call special election for President and Vice President Art. Vil, Sec. 10 F. Revoke or extend suspension of privilege of habeas corpus deciaration of martial law Art. Vi, Sec. 18 Page 13 - Constitutional Law 1 - Syllabus ~ 2018 (2019)G. Approve Presidential Amnesties Art. Vil, Sec. 19 H. Confirm certain appointments Art. Vil, Sec. 9 and Sec. 16 |. Concur in Treaties ‘Art. Vil, Sec. 21 (through the Senate) CF: Sec. 25, Art. XVIll, 1987 Constitution Case - BAYAN VS. ZAMORA 342 SCRA 449 (2000) Annotation ~ VISITING FORCES AGREEMENT 342 SCRA 522 Case - SUPLICO VS. NEDA 558 SCRA 329 (2008) NICOLAS VS. ROMULO 578 SCRA 438 (2009) SAGUISAG VS_OCHOA 779 SCRA 241 (2016) 198 SCRA 292 (2016) 4. Deciaration of war and delegation of emergency powers Art. VI, Sec. 23, Case ~ DAVID VS. MACAPAGAL-ARROYO 489 SCRA 160 (2006) (PP 1017 - Declaration of State of National Emergency) K. Be judge of the President's physical fitness or capacity Art. Vi, Sec. 11, par. 4 L. Power of impeachment ‘Case ~ CORONA VS. SENATE 676 SCRA 563 (2012) (1) Who are subject to impeachment Art. XI, sec. 2 Case — OFFICE VS. MOJICA - 452 SCRA 714 (2005) GONZALES VS, OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT 678 SCRA 614 (2012) 714 SCRA 611 (2014 (2) Grounds for impeachment Art. XI, sec. 2 (3) Procedure for impeachment Id., sec. 3(1).(6) Case ~ FRANCISCO VS. NMMP, INC. 425 SCRA 44 (2003) GUTIERREZ VS. HR COMMITTEE ON JUSTICE 643 SCRA 198 (2011) (4) Consequence of impeachment Id, see. 3(7) Case — ESTRADA VS. DESIERTO 356 SCRA. 108 (2001), M. Power with regard fo the utlization of natural resources ‘Ar Xl, see. 2 ©. Legislative process Requirements as to bills (1) As to tities of bills ‘Ant VI, sec. 26(1) Cases - PHIL. JUDGES ASSOCIATION VS. PRADO Page 14 - Constitutional Law 1 - Sylabus ~ 2018 (2019)227 SCRA 703 (1993) DE GUZMAN VS. COMELEC 336 SCRA 188 (2000) BANAT VS. COMELEC 595 SCRA 477 (2009) Which should control, the title or the text of a statute? Cases - CRUZ VS. PARAS, 123 SCRA 569 (1953) TATAD VS. SECRETARY 281 SCRA 330 (1997) : 282 SCRA 337 (1997) FARINAS VS. EXECUTIVE 417 SCRA 503 (2003) REMMAN ENT, VS. PRBRE 715 SCRA 293 (2014) IMBONG VS. OCHOA 721 SCRA 146 (2014 (2) Requirements as to certain laws, Origin of Bills - Case - ABAKADA VS. EXECUTIVE 469 SCRA 1 (2005) (a) Appropriation laws Art. Vil, sec. 22 Art VI, secs. 24-25 Cases - BRILLANTES VS. COMELEC 432 SCRA 269 (2004) ATITIW VS. ZAMORA 471 SCRA 329 (2005) ICA Vs OA 710 SCRA 1 (201 ARAULLO VS. AQUINO Ill 728 SCRA 1 (2014: 749 SCRA 283 (2015) (MIR) (b) Tax laws, Art. VI, sec. 28 Art. XIV. sec. 4(3) (4) : Cases - YMCA vs. CA 298 SCRA 83 (1998) CHAVEZ VS. PCGG 299 SCRA 744 (1998) LUNG CENTER VS. QUEZON CITY 432 SCRA 119 2004) EXECUTIVE VS. SOUTHWING 482 SCRA 673 (2006) » Procedure for the passage of bills At. VI, Sec. 26(2) Case - ALVAREZ VS. GUINGONA, JR. 252 SCRA 695 (1996) ARROYO VS. DE VENECIA 291 SCRA 433 (1998) TOLENTINO VS. SECRETARY 235 SCRA 630 (1994) and 249 SCRA 628 (1995) ‘ABAKADA VS. EXECUTIVE 469 SCRA 1 (2005) © The President's veto power Qualified versus Absolute Veto Messaged veto versus Pocket Veto No “pocket veto” in the Philippines. What is a pocket veto? Art. 1, sec. 7 of U.S. Const, “If any bill shall not be returned by the President within ten days (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall be a law, in ike manner 1s if he had signed it, unless the Congress by their adjournment prevent its return in which case it shall not be a law.” Ant MI, sec. 27 Compare 1935 Const. Art. VI, sec. 20 Cases GONZALES VS. MACARAIG, 191 SCRA 452 (1990) aw 1 - Syllabus ~ 2018 (2019)BENGZON VS. DRILON, 208 SCRA 133 (1992) PCA VS. ENRIQUEZ 235 SCRA 506 (1994) BELGICA VS._ OCHOA 710 SCRA 1 (2013) Legislative Veto - ABAKADA VS. PURISIMA 562 SCRA 251 (2008) 4. Effectivity of laws Civil Code, Art. 2 Cases - TANADA VS. TUVERA, 136 SCRA 27 (1985) Same, resolution of motion for reconsideration, 146 SCRA 446 (1986) Executive Order No, 200, June 18, 1987 10. Initiative ana Referendum, Rep. Act. No. 6735, Aug, 4, 1986 Cases ~ GARCIA VS. COMELEC 237 SCRA 279 (1994) ‘SBMA VS. COMELEC 262 SCRA 492 (1996) SANTIAGO VS. COMELEC 270 SCRA 106 (1997) B, EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT 1. The President 4. Qualifications, election, term and oath ‘Ant Vil, es. 2, 4 and 5 Case ~ SANTIAGO VS. RAMOS 253 SCRA 59 (1996) | TECSON VS, COMELEC 424 SCRA 277 (2004) POE, JR. VS. MACAPAGAL 454 SCRA 142 (2005) ANNOTATION ON TERM LIMITATION £62 SCRA 774 (09) b. Privilege and salary Art. Vil, sec. 6 Executive Privilege ‘Cases ~ AKBAYAN VS. AQUINO 558 SCRA 468 NERI VS. SENATE COMMITTEE 549 SCRA 77 (2008) 564 SCRA 52 (2008) Annotation ~ 549 SCRA 402 / 588 SCRA 687 IVE PI 19 SCRA 669 (2010) Deliberative Process Privilege Case: DFA VS. BCDA 795 SCRA 276 (2016) © Prohibitions Art. Vil, sec. 13, Case - CLU VS. EXECUTIVE SECRETARY 194 SCRA 317 (1991) NATIONAL AMNESTY COMM. VS. COA. 437 SCRA 655 (2004) BITONIO VS. COA 425 SCRA 437 (2004) PUBLIC INTEREST VS. ELMA ‘494 SCRA 53 (2006) 517 SCRA 336 (2007) FUNA VS. AGRA 691 SCRA 196 (2013) ‘Compare prohibitions against other officials Art. VI, sec. 13, Adt. IX, A, seo. 2 Art. X, B, sec. 7 Art. Vill, sec. 12 Page 16 - Constitutional Law 1 - Sylabus ~ 2018 (2019)Exceptions to rule prohibiting executive officials from holding additional positions: (1) Vice President as member of the Cabinet (Art. Vil sec. 3, par. 2) 2) Secretary of Justice as members of Judicial and Bar Council (Art, Vill, sec. 8(1) @) Exofficio positions 4. Succession Case ~ ESTRADA VS. DESIERTO ~ 353 SCRA 452 (2001) 356 SCRA 108 (2001) ANNOTATION - SUCCESSION OF MACAPAGAL-ARROYO ‘353 SCRA 587 (2001) (1) Atthe beginning of term Art. Vil, sec. 7 Id,, sec. 10 (2) During term Art. Vil, sec. 8 {d,, sec 10 (3) In case of temporary disability ‘Art. Vil, sec. Vil, secs, 11-12 Case - BORJA VS. COMELEC 295 SCRA 157 (1998) «Removal Art, Xl, secs. 2-3 Powers and Function of the President (1) Executive Power ‘Ast. Vil, secs. 1 and 17 Cases - MARCOS VS. MANGLAPUS 177 SCRA 668 and 178 SCRA 760 (1989) OPLE VS. TORRES 293 SCRA 141 (1998) KMU VS. DIRECTOR GENERAL 487 SCRA 623 (2006) REVIEW CENTER VS. ERMITA 583 SCRA ‘428 (2009) ARAULLO VS, AQUINO IIL728 SCRA 1 (2014) 749 SCRA 283 (2015) (MIR) ‘SM _LAND VS. BCDA 769 SCRA 310 (2015) UISAG VS. OCHOA 779 S (2011 ‘OCAMPO VS. ENRIQUEZ 807 SCRA 223 (16) Control of executive department Ant. Vil, sec. 17 Qualified Political Agency ‘Case ~ ANGELES VS, GAITE 646 SCRA 309 (2011) IALANG VS. TIDCORP 692 SCRA 359 NTIVEROS-BARAQUEL VS. TRB 751 SCRA 271 (2015) Cases - BUKLOD VS. ZAMORA 360 SCRA 718 (2001) ‘SECRETARY VS. MABALOT 378 SCRA 128 (2002) Page 17 - Constitutional Law 1 - Sylabus - 2018 (2019)DENR VS. DENR EMPLOYEES 409 SCRA 359 (2003) CONSTANTINO VS CUISIA 472 SCRA 505 (2005) RUFINO VS. ENDRIGA 496 SCRA 13 (2006) MMDA VS. VIRON 530 SCRA 341 (2007) ANAK MINDANAO VS. EXECUTIVE 531 SCRA 583 (2007) BANDA VS. ERMITA 618 SCRA 488 (2010) (3) General supervision of local governments and autonomous regions Art. X, sec. 4 Id, sec 16 Cases - PIMENTEL VS. AGUIRRE 336 SCRA 201 (2000) BITO-ON VS. FERNANDEZ 350 SCRA 732 (2001) NATIONAL LIGA VS. PAREDES 439 SCRA 130 (04) VILLAFI ROBREDO 744 SCRA 534 (2014 Annotation ~ SUPERVISION & CONTROL 360 SCRA 742 (4) Power of appointment \ (A) With consent of Commission on Appointments Cases - MANALO VS. SISTOZA 312 SCRA 239 | MATIBAG VS. BENIPAYO 380 SCRA 49 SORIANO VS. LISTA 399 SCRA 437 (2004) | PIMENTEL VS. ERMITA 472 SCRA 587 (05) (a) Heads of Departments Art. VIl, sec. 16 (b) Ambassadors, public ministers, and consuls | . Art. Vil, sec. 16 (©) Officers of the armed forces from the rank of colone! and naval captain Art. Vil, sec. 16 (4) Chairman and Members of the Constitutional Commissions Ant. IX, B. sec. 1 (2) : Id., C, sec. 1(2) Id., D, sec. 1 (2) (@) Regular Members of the Judicial and Bar Council At. Vill, sec 8 (2) (0 Sectoral Representatives Art. XVill, sec, 7 = RA 7941 Case ~ QUINTOS-DELES VS. COMMISSION ON. APPOINTMENTS 177 SCRA 259 (1992) (B) Upon recommendation of the Judicial and the Bar Council (a) Members of the Supreme Court and all other courts Ad. Vill, sec. 9 "ase: AGUINALDO VS. AQUINO Il 811 SCRA 16 ‘B18 SCRA 310 (2017) (b) Ombudsman and Deputies (Art. XI, sec. 9) Page 18 - Constitutional Law 1 - Syllabus ~ 2018 (2019)(C) Appointment of the Vice President as member of the Cabinet (Art. Vil, sec. 3) (D) Appointment solely by the President (Ant Vil, sec. 16) (@) Those whose appointments are not otherwise provided by law (b) Those whom he may be authorized by law to appoint Case - BERMUDEZ VS. TORRES 311 SCRA 733 (1999) RUFINO VS. ENDRIGA 496 SCRA 13 (2006) (E) Power to Remove by the President Case - GONZALES VS. OFFI THE PRESI RA 614 (20° 714 SCRA 611 (2014 (F) Limitations on appointing power ofthe President Art. VIL, secs. 13 and 15. Case - IN RE: HON. MATEO A. VALENZUELA 298 SCRA 408 (1998) DE RAMA VS. CA 353 SCRA 94 (2001) PUBLIC INTEREST VS. ELMA 494 SCRA 53 (2006) LIBAN VS. GORDON 593 SCRA 68 (2009) DE CASTRO VS. JBC 615 SCRA 666 (10) 618 SCRA 639 (2010) BETOY VS. BOARD OF DIRECTORS ' 958 SCRA 420 (2011) (F) Interim oF Recess Appointments Att. VI, sec. 19 Att. Vil, sec. 16, par. 2 Case ~ CONCEPCION BAUTISTA VS. SALONGA, 172 SCRA 160 (1989) | t (G) Temporary Designations ‘Adm. Code of 1987, Bk. Ill, sec. 17, ‘The President may designate an officer already in the government service or any other ‘competent person to perform the function of all office in the executive branch, appointment to which is vested in him by law, when: (a) The officer regularly appointed to the office is tunable to perform his duties by reason of lines, ‘absence or any other cause; or () there exists a vacancy. In no case shall a temporary designation exceed ‘one (1) year. Page 19 - Constitutional Law 1 - Syllabus - 2018 (2019)(H) Limitations on appointing power of Acting President Art. Vil, secs. 14-16 (5) Executive clemencies Art. Vil, sec. 19 Art. IX, C, sec.5 Cases - DRILON VS. CA. 202 SCRA 378 (1991) PEOPLE VS. SALLE JR.. 250 SCRA 581 (1995) IN RE: TORRES, 251 SCRA 709 (1995) PEOPLE VS. CASIDO 269 SCRA 44 (1997) PEOPLE VS. PATRIARCA 341 SCRA 464 (2000) MAGDALO VS, COMELEC 673 SCRA 651 (2012) RISOS-VIDAL VS. COMELEC 747 SCRA 210 (15) (a) Pardon distinguished from probation Case - PEOPLE VS. VERA, 65 PHIL 56 (1987) (b) Pardon distinguished from parole Cases - TESORO VS. DIRECTOR OF PRISONS 68 PHIL 154 (1939) TORRES VS. GONZALES, 152 SCRA 272 (1987) (©) Pardon distinguished from amnesty Case - BARRIOQUINTO VS. FERNANDEZ, 85 PHIL. 642 (1940) (@) Effects of Pardon Cases - CRISTOBAL VS. LABRADOR, 71 PHIL. 34 (1940) FELOBELLO VS. PALATINO, 72 PHIL. 441 (1941) LACUNA VS. ABES, 24 SCRA 780 (1968) MONSANTO VS. FACTORAN, 170 ‘SCRA 190 (1989) (©) Sanctions for violations. of conditional pardons Case - TORRES VS. GONZALES 152 SCRA 272 (1987) (1) Does pardoning power apply to administrative cases? ‘Case - LLAMAS VS. EXECUTIVE SECRETARY 202 SCRA 844 (1991) (g) Who may avail of amnesty ‘Case ~ PEOPLE VS. PATRIARCA, 341 SCRA 464 (2000) (6) Powers of Commander-in- Chief ‘Att Vil, sec. 18 ‘Att Ill, sec. 13 ‘Att Vil, Sec. 1, par. 2 Afirmed: Case - LANSANG VS. GARCIA, 42 SCRA 448 (1971) Page 20 - Constitutional Law 1 - Sylabus ~ 2018 (2019)Overruled Cases - GARCIA-PADILLA VS. PONCE ENRILE, 121 SCRA 472 (1983) 'BP VS. ZAMORA 338 SCRA 81 (2000) LACSON VS. PEREZ 367 SCRA 756 (2001) ‘SANLAKAS VS. EXECUTIVE 421 SCRA 656 (2004) DAVID VS. MACAPAGAL-ARROYO 489 SCRA 160 (2006) GUDANI VS. SENGA 498 SCRA 671 (2006) FORTUN VS. MACAPAGAL-ARR( 868 SCRA 504 (2012) LAGMAN VS. EXECUTIVE SECRETARY R. No. 231658 July 4, 2017 Proclamation No. 216 ~ May 23, 2017 - Russian Federation (Martial Law and Suspension of Writ Privilege in Mindanao) (7) Emergency Powers Att. VI. Sec. 23 (2) (8) Contracting and guaranteeing foreign loans Art Vil, sec. 20, Ant. Xil, sec, 21 Case ~ CONSTANTINO VS. CUISIA 472 SCRA 505 (2005) (8) Power over foreign affairs Case: VINUYA VS, ROMULO 732 SCRA 595 (2014) (a) Treaty making Art. Vil, sec.21 Case - BAYAN VS. EXECUTIVE 342 SCRA 449 (2002) PIMENTEL VS. OFFICE 462 SCRA 265 (2005) Treaty distinguished from executive agreements (b) Deportation undesirable aliens Cases - QUA CHEE GAN VS. DEPORTATION BOARD, 9. SCRA 27 (1963) GO TEK VS. DEPORTATION BOARD, 79 SCRA 17 (1976) DOMINGO VS. SCHEER 421 SCRA 468 (04) ROSAS VS. MONTOR 772 SCRA 462 (2015) (12) Power over legislation (a) Message to Congress Art. Vil, sec. 23 (6) Preparation and submission of the budget, Id, sec, 22 Case ~ ARAULLO VS. AQUINO Il 728 SCRA 1 (2014) (©) Veto power Att. VI, sec 27 Case - BENGZON VS. DRILON, 208 SCRA 133 (1992) (a) Emergency powers Ast. VI, sec. 23 (2) (e) Fixing of tariff rates Att. VI, sec. 28 (2) Page 21 - Constitutional Law 1 - Sylabus ~ 2018 (2019),Case - GARCIA VS. EXECUTIVE SEC., 211 SCRA 219 (1992) SOUTHERN CROSS VS, CEMENT 465 SCRA 532 (2005) (13) Immunity from suits Cases - GLORIA VS. CA 338 SCRA 5 (2000) RODRIGUEZ VS. GMA 660 SCRA 98 (2011) LOZADA VS, MACAPAGAL-ARROYO. 670 SCRA 664 (2012 ‘SAEZ V.S GMA 681 SCRA 686 (2012) KMU VS. AQUINO Il 794 SCRA 685 (2016) AGUINALDO VS. AQUINO IIl 811 SCRA 304 (201 818 SCRA 310 (2017) 2. Vice President 4. Qualifications, election, term and oath ‘Art. VI, sec. 3 Id,, sec. 4 Id. sec. 5 Privilege and salary Art, Vil, sec.6 ©. Prohibitions Att, Vil, sec. 13 Id, sec 3, par. 2 4. Succession Att, Vil, sec. 9 «Removal Art. Xi, secs. 2-3, Functions (1) Right of succession ‘Att. Vil, secs. 8 and 11 (2) Membership in Cabinet Art Vil, sec. 3, par. 2 C, THE JUDICIAL DEPARTMENT 1. The Supreme Court ‘1. Composition ‘Att Vill, sec. 4 SC Resolution No. 2-89 Cases - PUBLIC INTEREST VS. ELMA 517 SCRA 336 (2007) CITY OF TAGAYTAY VS. GUERRERO 600 SCRA 33 (2009) . Appointment and qualifications ‘Ant. Vill, seo. 7 (1) Id, sec. 8(5) Id, sec. 9 Case — IN RE: VALENZUELA 298 SCRA 408 (1998) DE CASTRO VS. JBC 615 SCRA 666 (2010) 612 SCRA 639 (2010) RE: SENIORITY AMONG FOUR APPOINTMENTS, Page 22 - Constitutional Law 1 - Syllabus ~ 2018 (2019)631 SCRA 377 (2010) © Salary ‘Att. VIL, sec. 17 Art XVIll, sec. 17 Cases - PERFECTO VS. MEER, 85 PHIL. 622 (1950) ENDENCIA VS. DAVID, 93 PHIL. 696 (1953) Compare 1973 Const., Art. XV, sec. 6 not exempt from income tax Case- NITAFAN VS, COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, 162 SCRA 284 (1987) Security of Tenure ‘Art. Vill, sec. 11 1, sec 2, par. 2 Case- DE LA LLANA VS. ALBA, 112 SCRA 294 (1982) Removal Art. Vil, sec. 11 Ant XI, sec. 2 Case - IN RE: RAUL M. GONZALES, 160 SCRA 71 (1988) f Fiscal autonomy ‘Art Vll, sec. 3 ‘Case - CSC VS. DEPARTMENT 464 SCRA 115 (2005) RE: CLARIFYING 481 SCRA 1 (2006) RE: COA OPINION 678 SCRA 1 (2012 Jurisdiction Judicial Power ANNOTATION - SUPREME COURT 358 SCRA 829 Cases ~ CUDIA VS. PMA 751 SCRA 469 (2015! ‘OMB VS. DE VILLA 759 SCRA 288 (2015 FEBTC VS. CHUA 762 SCRA 128 (2015 HAMISCAL VS, ABDULLAH 761 SCRA 39 (2015) CAWAD VS. ABAD 764 SCRA 1 (2015) LBP VS. BELLE CORP 769 SCRA 46 (2015) BOC VS DEVANADERA 770 SCRA 1 (2018) HANALOVS, ATENEO 774 SCRA 110 (2015) BARROSO VS. OMELIO 772 SRA 437 (2015 BARPIO-MORALES VS CA 774 SCRA 431 (2015) TANOG VS. BALINDOG 777 SCRA 467 (2015) ‘OSMENA VS. ABAYA 781 SCRA 1 (2016) Hierarchy of Courts Principle. Case: AALA VS. UY 814 SCRA 41 (2017) (1) Art. Vill, see. 1 @) Id, see. 5 Cases - ABALOS VS. DARAPA 646 SCRA 200 (2011) REPUBLIC VS. DE GUZMAN 652 SCRA 101 (11) CUA VS. PEOPLE 660 SCRA 235 (2011) LORZANO VS. TABAYAG 665 SCRA 38 (2012) CHAVEZ VS. JBC 676 SCRA 579 (2012) BCDA VS. REYES 699 SCRA 217 (2013) Page 23 - Constitutional Law 1 - Sylabus ~ 2018 (2019)1 (2018) REPUBLIC VS. 2) Att. Vil see. 18, par 3 (4) Art Vil, sec. 4, par. 7 Cases - TECSON VS. COMELEC 424 SCRA 277 (2004) LEGARDA VS. DE CASTRO 542 SCRA 125 (08) MAKALINTAL VS. PET 651 SCRA 239 (2011) (5) Art. IX, A, seo. 7 h. Congressional power over jurisdiction of Supreme Court Art. Vill, sec, 2, par. 1 Art. VI, sec. 30 Cases - FIRST VS. CA 237 SCRA 519 (1994) FABIAN VS. DESIERTO 295 SCRA 470 (1998) 1 Administrative powers (1) Supervision of lower courts Case - CAOIBES VS, OMBUDSMAN 361 SCRA 395 FUENTES VS. OMBUDSMAN 368 SCRA 36 (2001) ADAJAR VS. DEVELOS 475 SCRA 361 (2005) CSC VS, RAMONEDA-PITA 696 SCRA 155 (13) IN RE: REQUEST FOR GUIDANCE 708 SCRA 502 (2013) @) Temporarily assign judges to other stations in the public interest Ant Vill, sec. 5(3) G) Order a change of venue or place of trial to avoid miscarriage of justice Art. Vill, sec. 5(4) (4) Discipline of judges Att Vill, sec. 11 Case - PEOPLE VS. GACOTT 246 SCRA 52 (1996) (5) Appointment of officals and employees of entire judiciary ‘Art, Vill, sec. 5(6) }. Rule Making ‘Att. Vill, sec. 5 (5) Case — IN RE: IBP ELECTIONS 696 SCRA 8 (2013) YLAYA VS. GACOTT 689 SCRA 452 (2013) Art, Xll, see. 14, par. 2 (practice of professions) Att. Vil, sec. 18, par. 3 ‘Case ~ ECHEGARAY VS. SECRETARY 301 SCRA 96 (1999) No quasi-judicial and administrative work of judges. Art. Vill, sec. 12 Cases - IN RE JUDGE RODOLFO MANZANO, 166 SCRA 246 (1988) CHAVEZ VS, JBC 676 SCRA 579 (2012) 1 Report on the judiciary Page 24 - Constitutional Law 1 - Syllabus ~ 2018 (2019)Att Vill, sec, 16 Manner of sitting and votes required 4 f Art. Vill, sec. 4 Rule 56, sec. 7 (1997 Rules on Civil Procedure) Rule 125, sec. 3 (2000 Rules on Criminal Procedure) Case ~ LEAGUE OF CITIES VS. COMELEC ‘608 SCRA 636 (2003) AM-99-1-09 SC Requirements as to decisions Art. Vill, secs. 13-14 Cases - MANGELEN VS. CA, 215 SCRA 230 (1992) GERMAN MACHINERIES VS. ENDAYA 444 SCRA 323 (2004) PEOPLE VS. SANDIGANBAYAN 628 SCRA 502 (2010) LUMANOG VS. PEOPLE 630 SCRA 42 (2010) RN TRANSPORT VS. NLRC 794 SCRA 498 (2016 Mandatory period for deciding cases Art. Vill, sec. 15 Art. Vil, Sec. 18, par. 3 Art, XVIll, secs. 12-14 Cases - OCA VS. FUENTES Ill 692 SCRA 429 (2013 IN RE; CARBONELL 700 SCRA 806 (2013) RE: CASES OF JUDGE BALUNA 704 SCRA 415 (20131 OCA Vs ‘SCRA 619 (2014) 2, Lower courts Qualifications and appointment ‘Art. Vill, sec. 7(1) (2) Id., sec. 8(5) Id., sec. 9 Case- RE: SENIORITY AMONG FOUR APPOINTMENTS 631 SCRA 377 (2010) Salary Art. Vill, sec. 10 Congressional power to reorganize and security of tenure Ad Vill, sec. 11 Id, soc. 2 , par. 2 Cases - DE LA LLANA VS. ALBA, 112 SCRA 294 (1982) Removal Ast. Vill, sec. 11 Case - PEOPLE VS. GACOTT 246 SCRA 52 (1996) Jurisdiction Art Vill, sec 1 Case - YNOT VS IAC, 148 SCRA 659 (1987) Requirements as to preparation of decisions Art Vill, sec. 15 Mandatory period for deciding Art. Vill, sec. 15 Art, XVlll, secs. 12-14 Page 25 - Constitutional Law 1 - Syllabus ~ 2018 (2019)Case ~ ADAO VS. LORENZO 316 SCRA 570 (1999) 3, The Judicial and Bar Council Art. Vill, sec. 8 Case DE CASTRO VS. JBC 615 SCRA 666 (2010) 618 SCRA 639 (2010) 44 Automatic release of appropriations for the judiciary Art, VIll, sec. 3 5. Court Martial 1 Mart PUBLIC VS. ASUNCION, 231 SCRA 211 (1994) D. THE CONSTITUTIONAL COMMISSIONS 1. CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION 1. Composition and qualifications of Commissioners ‘Art 1X, B, sec. 1 (1) ‘Art. Vi, seo. 13, par. 2 Gase- CAYETANO VS. MONSOD, 201 SCRA 210 (1991) FUNA VS. DUQUE Ill 742 SCRA 166 (2014) LIM. 433 (2014) BI bb Powers - Case - BARCELONA VS. LIM 724 SCRA. MAMISCAL VS. ABDULLAH 761 SCRA 39 (2015) DOF VS, DELA CRUZ 768 SCRA 73 (2015) TORRES VS. DE LEON 781 SCRA 110 (2016 ‘Appointment and term of office of Commissioners; Rule against reappointment ‘Ad. IX, B, sec. 1(2) ‘Cases: NACIONALISTA PARTY VS. ANGELO BAUTISTA, 85 PHIL. 101 (1949) BRILLANTES VS. YORAC, G.R. NO. 193867, DEC. 18, 1990 NP VS. VERA, 85 PHIL. 149 (1951) REPUBLIC VS. IMPERIAL, 96 PHIL. 770 (1955) GAMINDE VS. COA 347 655 (2000) ‘c. Appointment of personnel of CSC Ant IX, A, sec. 4 Salary ‘Art. XVill, sec. 17 Ant IX, A, sec.3 e. Disqualifications Ant. IX, A, sec. 2 Impeachment ‘Ant XI, sec. 2 Appeal CAPABLANCA VS. CSC 605 SCRA 61 (2009) Page 26 Constitutional Law 1 - Syllabus ~ 2018 (2019)A Scope of the civil service Art. IX, B, sec. 2(1) For definition of “government owned or controlled corporations, with original charters.” See Art. Xil, sec. 16 Cases - JUCO VS. NLRC 277 SCRA 528 (1997) HOMF VS, COA 432 SCRA 126 (2004) PNB VS. TEJANO 604 SCRA 147 (2009) 2. COMMISSION ON ELECTIONS Cases - BARRO VS. COMELEC (1° DIVISION) 603 SCRA 292 (2009) AC COMELEC 663 SCRA 644 (201 JALOSJOS VS. COMELEC 674 SCRA 530 (2012) LOKIN. SOMELEC 674 SCRA 5. SEVILLA VS, COMELEC 693 SCRA 605 (2013) (ATONG PAGLAUM VS, COMELEC 694 SCRA 477 (2013 22 (201: REYES VS, COMELEC 699 SCRA 522 (2013 703 SCRA 197 (2013 EGASPI VS. COMELEC 768 SCRA 484 (2015) |ALLERO VS, COMELEC 771 SCRA 213 (201: :O VS_ BELMONTE 780 SCRA 81 (2016) ENGLE VS. COMELEC 781 SCRA 201 (2016 RIVERA VS. COMELEC 790 SCRA 443 (201 ABAYON VS. HRET 791 SCRA 242 (2016) ‘Composition and qualifications of Commissioners ‘Ant. IX, C, sec. 1(1) Art. Vil, sec. 13, par. 2 Appointment and term of office of Commissioners: Rule against reappointment Art. IX, C, sec. 1(2) ‘Appointment of personnel ‘Art IX, A, sec. 4 Salary Ait. IX, A, sec. 3 Art. XVIll, sec. 17 Disqualifications Art. IX, A, sec. 2 Impeachment ‘Art. XI, sec. 2 Appeal ‘Case - GANCES VS. CA. 259 SCRA 99 (1996) 3. COMMISSION ON AUDIT Powers ~ Cases ~ VELOSO VS. COA 656 SCRA 767 (2011) AGRA VS. COA 661 SCRA 563 (2011) COCOFED VS. REPUBLIC 663 SCRA 514 (2012) VERZOSA VS. CARAGUE 665 SCRA 124 (2012) DELOS SANTOS VS. COA 703 SCRA 501 (2013) FUNA VS. VILLAR 670 SCRA 579 (2012) Page 27 - Constitutional Law 1 - Syllabus ~ 2018 (2019)FUNA VS. MANILA OFFICE 715 SCRA 247 (2015) TESDA VS, COA 718 SCRA 402.(2014 NHA VS. ROXAS 73 SCRA 358 (2015) KABATAAAN VS. COMELEC 777 SCRA 574 (2015) PARAISO-ABAN VS. COA 780 SCRA 235 (2016) Composition and qualifications Att. IX, D, sec. 1(1) Att. Vil, sec. 12, par. 2 Appointment And term of commissioners Ant. IX, D, sec, 1 (2) Appointment of COA personne! Ant. IX, A, sec. 4 Salary Ant. IX, A, sec. 3 Ast XVII, sec. 17 Disqualifications Ant. IX, A, sec. 2 Impeachment Art. XI, sec, 2 9. Appeal ~ REYES VS. COA 305 SCRA 512 (1999) REBLORA VS. AFP 698 SCRA 727 (2013) VI. THE AMENDING PROCESS A. PROPOSAL Ant, XVII, secs. 1-2 Case - GONZALES VS. COMELEC, 21 SCRA 774 (1967) 1 1. By Congress Art. XVI, sec. 1, 1935 Const.. Art. XV Case - GONZALES VS. COMELEC, SUPRA 2. By Constitutional Convention ‘Art. XVII, sec. 3 3. By the péople through initiatives ‘Art. XVI, sec. 2 Rep. Act No. 6735, SECS. 5 &9(b) Case - SANTIAGO VS. COMELEC 270 SCRA 106 (1997) B. RATIFICATION In case amendments proposed by Congress or Convention ‘Art. XVI, Sec. 4, par. 1 In case of amendments proposed through initiative Art, XVII, sec. 4, par. 2 Plebiscite to be called by Congress and supervised by COMELEC, but the initiative on Constitution will be called by COMELEC. Page 28 - Constitutional Law 1 - Syabus ~ 2018 (2019)c Co ' NVER ES REGARDING THE POSITION OF A CONSTITUTIONAL ce ION IN OUR SYSTEM OF GOVERNMENT “- TOLENTINO VS. COMELEC, 41 SCRA 701 (1971) D.JUDICIAL REVIEW oF THE AMENDING PROCESS Cases - GONZALE: 'S VS. COMELEC, 21 SCRA 774 (1967) TOLENTITNO VS, COMELEC, 41 SCRA 702 (1967) YAVELLANA VS. EXECUTIVE SECRETARY, 50 SCRA 30 (1972) Art Vill, sec. 1, par. 1 201812019) consb 1 syabus -wrd 97.03 2810sera @oeors18 Page 29 - Constitutional Law 1 - Syllabus ~ 2018 (2019)