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1 5154456398720925790
1 5154456398720925790
1 5154456398720925790
Chapter Three
Analysis of Statically Indeterminate Structures by the
Slope-Deflection Method, Sway Cases
3. Analysis of Statically Indeterminate Beams and Frames with Joint
Translation by the Slope-Deflection Method, (Sway Cases):
3.1. Introduction:
In such cases the displacements of the joints must be considered; if the translation
of one joint is given or assumed, the translation of all other joints can be deduced
from it; this may be performed by drawing the displacement diagram to make
relationships between the translations of all other joints with respect to the
translation of one joint.
Since the number of the unknowns have increased, apply moment equilibrium at
the joints will not be enough to find all the unknowns, therefore an additional
equation is needed for that purpose, this equation will be the shear equation,
which is the summation of moment about the point of intersection of all axial
forces.
3.2. The displacement diagram and Shear Equations for Different Types of
Sway Cases Frames :
1) A frame with a fixed support and a roller support, as shown in figure.
The shear equation will be (∑Fx=0), because there is no axial force at the roller
support at point (C).
∆ B’ C ∆ C’
B
4m
A
6m
members AB BC
∆ +∆ 0
2) In structures that have parallel end members, the displacement of the parallel
members will be the same and the middle member will have zero displacement.
∆ B’ C ∆ C’
B
4m
A D
6m
members AB BC CD
∆ +∆ 0 +∆
Shear Equation (∑Fx=0)
VD
D
B ∆ C ∆
A
VA
members AB BC CD
∆ +∆ 0 -∆
Shear Equation (∑F =0)
Ex: (3-1):
Analyze the beam shown in figure using the slope-deflection method.
16 kN
12 kN/m
A C
I B 2I
∆
2m 2m 6m
Solution:
1) There is no determinate portions is the structure.
2) Divide the structure into members based on changing of direction, I and the
existing of internal joints or supports.
The structure is divided into the following members: AB and BC.
3) Identify unknown deformations, rotations and displacements, in the structure.
The unknown deformations are: θB-L, θB-R and ∆.
4) Find the Fixed End Moments, FEM, for each member of the structure, due to
external effects.
M AB F
PL
16 4 8 kN .m
8 8
M BA F
PL
16 4 8 kN .m
8 8
M BC F
wL2
12 6 36 kN .m
2
12 12
M BC F
wL2
12 6 36 kN .m
2
12 12
Q-L (2018-2019) Ch.3-3
Theory of Structures-II CH-3: The Slope-Deflection Method - Sway Cases
Members AB BC Members
I/L I/4 2I/6 12
Krel 3 4 I
M BC M BC F K rel 2 B R C rel 36 4 2 B R 0 2 …… (3)
MCB MCB F K rel 2 C B R rel 36 4 0 B R 2 …… (4)
M
12 kN/m
B L 0 M BA 0
VA A C VC
8 3 2 B L 3 0
B
MCB
...... a
MAB
6 B L 9 8 16 kN
VA A B
Joint B-Right: 12 kN/m
M B R 0 M BC 0 B C VC
36 4 2 B R 2 0 MCB
8 B R 8 36 ...... b
M B 0
M AB 4V A 16 2 0
M AB
VA 8
4
M B 0
M CB 6VC 12 6 3 0
M CB
Vc 36
6
V A VC 88
M M
8 AB 36 CB 88 12
4 6
3 8 3 B L 3 2 36 4 B R 2 528
9 B L 8 B R 43 432 ...... c
Ex: (3-2):
Analyze the frame shown in figure using the slope-deflection method; write the
final equations without solving them.
10 kN
3 kN/m C D
I
I
4m
2I 5m
A
3m 2m 2m
Solution:
1) There is no determinate portions is the structure.
2) Divide the structure into members based on changing of direction, I and the
existing of internal joints or supports.
The structure is divided into the following members: AB, BC and CD.
3) Identify unknown deformations, rotations and displacements, in the structure.
The unknown deformations are: θB, θC, θD and ∆.
4) Find the Fixed End Moments, FEM, for each member of the structure, due to
external effects.
M AB F
wL2
3 5 6.25 kN .m
2
12 12
M BA F
wL2
35 2 6.25 kN .m
12 12
M BC F
wL2
3 4 4 kN .m
2
12 12
M CB F
wL 2
3 4
2
4 kN .m
12 12
M CD F
PL
10 4 5 kN .m
8 8
M DC F
PL
10 4
5 kN .m
8 8
5) Calculate (K rel):
Members AB BC CD
2I I I 20
I/L
5 5 4 I
Krel 8 4 5
6) Calculate (∆ rel):
To find (∆ rel) for each member the displacement diagram must be drawn:
C
C B’ D Displacement
∆ C Diagram
B’
C
∆ B’
B B ∆BC=(-∆)
B’ ∆CD=(+3∆/5) 3
4
C C
∆AB=(+4∆/5)
4 B’
A
Members AB BC CD
4 / 5 4 3 / 5 3
∆/L 100
5 25 5 4 20
∆rel 16 20 15
7) Find the End Moments for each member of the structure, by applying the
slope-deflection equations.
M AB M AB F K rel 2 A B rel 6.25 8 0 B 16 …… (1)
M BA M BA F K rel 2 B A rel 6.25 8 2 B 0 16 …… (2)
M BC M BC F K rel 2 B C rel 4 4 2 B C 20 …… (3)
MCB MCB F K rel 2 C B rel 4 4 2 C B 20 …… (4)
MCD MCD F K rel 2 C D rel 5 5 2 C D 15 …… (5)
M DC M DC F K rel 2 D C rel 5 5 2 D C 15 …… (6)
Joint C:
M C 0 M CB M CD 0
4 4 2 C
B 20 5 5 2 C D 15 0
4 B 18 C 5 D 5 1 ...... b
10 kN
3 kN/m O C D
Joint D: VD
M D 0 M DC 0
5 5 2 D C 15 0
5 C 10 D 75 5 ...... c B
M O 0 A
10 5 9V A 7VD 3 9 4.5 0
9V A 7VD 71.5 VA
Member AB:
VC 10 kN VD
M B 0
Member CD M D
M AB M BA 5V A 3 5 2.5 0 CD
C
M AB M BA VD
V A 7.5 MBA
5 5
VB
Member CD: B
3 kN/m
MCD
Member AB
M C 0 M
M CD 10 2 4VD 0 Ae
M CD m
VD 5 be
MAB M
VA
4
er
9VA 7VD 71.5 MC m A
D beB
r
C
D
Q-L (2018-2019) Ch.3-8
Theory of Structures-II CH-3: The Slope-Deflection Method - Sway Cases
9V A 7VD 71.5
9
37.5 6.25 8 B 128 6.25 16 B 128
7
20 5 10 C 5 D 75
71.5
5 4
337.5 216 B 2304 105 70 C 35 D 525
71.5 20
5 4
4 337.5 216 B 2304 5 15 10 C 5 D 75 1430
864 B 50 C 25 D 9591 1430 ...... d
V A VC 88
M M
8 AB 36 CB 88 12
4 6
3 8 3 B L 3 2 36 4 B R 2 528
9 B L 8 B R 43 432 ...... c
Ex: (3-3):
Analyze the frame shown in figure using the slope-deflection method.
A
I B 3 kN/m
2I 4m
C
4m 3m
Solution:
1) There is no determinate portions is the structure.
2) Divide the structure into members based on changing of direction, I and the
existing of internal joints or supports.
The structure is divided into the following members: AB and BC.
3) Identify unknown deformations, rotations and displacements, in the structure.
The unknown deformations are: θB, θC, and ∆.
4) Find the Fixed End Moments, FEM, for each member of the structure, due to
external effects.
M AB F M BA F 0 kN .m
M BC F
wL2
3 4 4 kN .m
2
12 12
M CB F
wL 2
3 4
2
4 kN .m
12 12
5) Calculate (K rel):
Members AB BC
I 2I 20
I/L
4 5 I
Krel 5 8
6) Calculate (∆ rel):
To find (∆ rel) for each member the displacement diagram must be drawn:
A
AB BB 0
B B
∆ B’
B
B’
C
BC BB
∆
C
B’
Members AB BC
0
∆/L
4 5
∆rel 0 0.2
7) Find the End Moments for each member of the structure, by applying the
slope-deflection equations.
M AB M AB F K rel 2 A B rel 0 5 0 B 0 …… (1)
M BA M BA F K rel 2 B A rel 0 5 2 B 0 0 …… (2)
M BC M BC F K rel 2 B C rel 4 8 2 B C 0.2 …… (3)
MCB MCB F K rel 2 C B rel 4 8 2 C B 0.2 …… (4)
Joint C:
M C 0 M CB 0
4 8 2 C
B 0.2 0
8 B 16 C 1.6 4 ...... b
9) Apply the shear equation, M B
0 . VA A
M B 0 M AB 4VA 3 4 2 0 I B 3 kN/m
V
M AB 4VA 24 0 ...... c MAB A
2I 4m
Member AB: VA
M B 0 M AB 4VA M BA 0
VA C
4m 3m
...... d
M M RC
VA AB BA
4 4
Substitute Eq. (d) into Eq. (c) leads to:
M M VA A MBA
M AB 4 AB BA 24 0 M BA 24 kN .m B
4 4
Substitute the value of MBA into Eq. (2) leads to: MAB 4m
M BA 10 B B 24 10 2.4
Substitute the value of θB into Eq. (a) and Eq. (b) then solve to find θ C and ∆.
26 2.4 8 C 1.6 4 ...... a
82.4 16 C 1.6 4 ...... b
8 C 1.6 58.4 ...... a 4.4
C
16 C 1.6 23.2 ...... b 58.5
Substitute the value of θB, θC and ∆ into the slope-deflection equation to find
the end moments.
M AB 5 B 52.4 12 kN .m CW , M BA 24 kN .m CW
M BC 4 16 2.4 84.4 1.6 58.5 24 kN .m CCW
M CB 4 16 4.4 82.4 1.6 58.5 0
Ex: (3-4):
Analyze the frame shown in figure using the slope-deflection method.
10 kN E
12 kN/m C 1.5 m
2I 3I 3m
D
B
I 3m
A
4m 3m
Solution:
1) The structure has one determinate portion which is the cantilever (CE),
transform the effect of portion (CE) to the remaining structure..
Portion (CE):
M C 0 + 10 kN E
10 1.5 M CE 0 1.5 m
VC C MCE
M CE 15 kN .m CCW
2) Divide the remaining structure into MCE=15 kN.m
12 kN/m VC=10 kN
members.
The structure is divided into the 2I C 3I
3m
following members: AB, BC and D
B
CD. I 3m
3) Identify unknown deformations, A
rotations and displacements, in the 4m 3m
structure.
The unknown deformations are: θB, θC, θD and ∆.
4) Find the Fixed End Moments, FEM, for each member of the structure, due to
external effects.
M AB F
wL2
12 3 9 kN .m
2
12 12
M BA F
wL2
12 3 2 9 kN .m
12 12
M BC F
wL2
12 3 9 kN .m
2
12 12
M CB F
wL 2
12 3
2
9 kN .m
12 12
MCD F M DC F 0 kN .m
5) Calculate (K rel):
Members AB BC CD
I 2I 3I 1
I/L
3 5
3 2
I
Krel 0.333 0.4 0.707
6) Calculate (∆ rel):
To find (∆ rel) for each member the displacement diagram must be drawn:
AB CC ve , CD CC ve , and BC C C ve
CC CC C C
C
sin C sin C sin C
AB BC ∆CD=(+) B’ ∆BC=(-)
CD 34
sin 82 sin 53 sin 45 3 3
C
C
Let ∆AB=∆ C ∆AB=(+) B’
CD BC B’
C C 3
C tan 1 45
o
0.99 0.8 0.707 B’ 3
0.8 3
CD 0.808 3 3 4
0.99 B 4 D C tan 1 53 o
B 3
0.707
BC 0.714 C 180 53 45 82 o
0.99 A
Members AB BC CD
0.714 0.808
∆/L
3 5 3 2
7) Find the End Moments for each member of the structure, by applying the
slope-deflection equations.
M AB M AB F K rel 2 A B rel 9 0.333 0 B 0.333 …… (1)
M BA M BA F K rel 2 B A rel 9 0.333 2 B 0 0.333 …… (2)
M BC M BC F K rel 2 B C rel 9 0.4 2 B C 0.143 …… (3)
MCB MCB F K rel 2 C B rel 9 0.4 2 C B 0.143 …… (4)
MCD MCD F K rel 2 C D rel 0 0.707 2 C D 0.191 …… (5)
M DC M DC F K rel 2 D C rel 0 0.707 2 D C 0.191 …… (6)
MCE=15 kN.m
12 kN/m VC=10 kN
2I C 3I
3m
D
B
I 3m
A
4m 3m
Joint B:
M B 0 M BA M BC 0
9 0.333 2 B
0.333 9 0.4 2 B C 0.143 0
1.466 B 0.4 2 C 0.054 0 ...... a
Joint C:
M C 0 M CB M CD 15
9 0.4 2 C
B 0.143 0 0.707 2 C D 0.191 0
0.4 B 2.214 C 0.707 D 0.078 6 ...... b
Joint D:
M D 0 M DC 0
0 0.707 2 D C 0.191 0
0.707 C 1.414 D 0.135 0 ...... c
O
9) Apply the shear equation, M O 0 . y1 1 y2
1 MCE=15 kN.m
Some distances need to be obtained, y1 and y2. 12 kN/m VC=10 kN
y1 4 C 3I
y1 4 , y2 4 2 5.657 2I 3m
y1 3 7
D
M O 0 B
I VD 3 m
6
15 10V A M AB 7 2VD 12 6 4 10 4 0 A
2
VA
10VA M AB 7 2VD 529 ......d MAB
4m 3m
Member AB:
M B 0 M AB 3VA M BA 12 3 1.5 0 MBA MCD
...... e
M AB M BA
VA 18
12 kN/m
B C
3 3
Member CD: 3m
A D
M C 0 M CD 3 2 VD 0 VA
MAB VD
...... f
M
VD CD
3 2
Substitute Eqs. (e) and (f) into Eq. (d) leads to:
M M M
10 AB BA 18 M AB 7 2 CD 529
3 3 3 2
10 M AB 10 M BA 7 M CD
180 M AB 529 3
3 3 3
10 M AB 10 M BA 540 3 M AB 7 M CD 1587
7 M AB 10 M BA 7 M CD 1047
7 9 0.333 B 0.333 10 9 0.333 2 B 0.333 7 0.707 2 C D 0.191 1047
8.991 B 9.898 C 4.949 D 2.8304 1074 ...... g
10) Solve for the unknown deformations, 4 unknowns and 4 equations.
Solving a, b, c and g gives θB, θC, θD and ∆
Ex: (3-5):
Analyze the frame shown in figure using the slope-deflection method.
10 kN/m
D
B C
4m
A E F
3m 4m 4m 3m 3m
Solution:
10 kN/m 10 kN/m MDC
1) The structure has two Cx
determinate portions, the B C C D
portion with roller support 4m
(ABC) and the cantilever Cy Cy Dy
A
(CD), transform the effect
of portion (CE) to the 3m 4m 7m
remaining structure.
Ay
Portion (ABC):
10 kN/m
M C 0 Cx
7 Ay 10 7 3.5 0 B C
Ay 35 kN
F y 0 A
Cy
Ay 10 7 C y 0
C y 35 kN 3m 4m
F x 0 C x 0 kN Ay
So the structure after removing the determinate parts will be as shown below:
D
4m
E F
3m 3m
6) Calculate (∆ rel):
To find (∆ rel) for each member the displacement diagram must be drawn:
DF DD , ve and DE DD , ve
DDD is an Isosceles
triangle having DD = DD D D
4 4
DE DF ∆DE=(+) 3 B’
∆DF=(-)
Let D
DE DF
D D B’
Members ED DF B’
∆/L 5 5 5 4 B’
4
E 3 3
F F
∆rel B’
∆ B’∆
7) Find the End Moments for each member of the structure, by applying the
slope-deflection equations.
M ED M ED F K rel 2 E D rel 0 1 0 D …… (1)
M DE M DE F K rel 2 D E rel 0 1 2 D 0 …… (2)
M DF M DF F K rel 2 D F rel 0 1 2 D F …… (3)
M FD M FD F K rel 2 F D rel 0 1 2 F D …… (4)
D
4m
E F
3m 3m
Joint D:
M D 0 M DE M DF 490
2 D 2 D F 0
4 D F 490 ...... a
Joint F:
M F 0 M FD 0
2 F D 0
D 2 F 0 ...... b
Ex: (3-6):
Analyze the frame shown in figure using the slope-deflection method.
D
4m 2I
3 kN/m
B
I C
4m I 3I
A E
5m 3m
Solution:
1) The structure has no determinate portions.
2) Identify the indeterminate portions:
The structure is divided into the following members: AB, BC, CD and CE.
3) Identify the unknown deformations, rotations and displacements, in the
structure.
The unknown deformations are: θB-L, θB-R θC, θE and ∆.
4) Find the Fixed End Moments, FEM, for each member of the structure, due to
external effects.
Only member BC has fixed end moments all other members has zero fixed
end moments.
wL2 3 5 2
M BC F 6.25 kN .m
12 12
wL2 3 5 2
M CB F 6.25 kN .m
12 12
5) Calculate (K rel):
Members AB BC CD CE
I I 2I 3I 20
I/L
4 5 5 5 I
Krel 5 4 8 12
6) Calculate (∆ rel):
To find (∆ rel) for each member the displacement diagram must be drawn:
The deformation for this structure will be drawn in two stages:
Stage-1: is the CC C where CC and C C represent the
deformations of members CD and CE respectively.
Stage-2: is to starts from the last deformation drawn in stage-1, CC , and
is represented by the triangle BBB where BB , BB and BB
represent the deformations of members CD, AB and BC respectively.
To connect the two stages together let the last deformation from stage-1, CC ,
and the first from stage-2, BB , which represents the deformation of member
(CD) be equal to (∆).
CC C is an Isosceles triangle having CC = C C
CD CE ve
D C 4 4
∆CD=(-) 3 ∆CEB’
=(-)
3 E A C
B’ D
B B’ B’B
C
B’ B’
B’ B’
4 B’
B’ B’
A E
B’ B’
4 B’ C
∆AB=(+)
∆C
BB’ 4 B D
E=(
∆CD=(-) 3 B’
∆BC=(+)
∆C B B
-)
D= B’ B B’ C
(-) B
B’ B’
A B’ E
B’ B’
Members AB BC CD CE
4 5 3 5 3
∆/L 25
4 5 5 25 5 5
∆rel 5 3 5 5
7) Find the End Moments for each member of the structure, by applying the
slope-deflection equations.
M AB M AB F K rel 2 A B rel 0 5 0 B 5 5 B 25 …… (1)
M BA M BA F K rel 2 B A rel 0 5 2 0 5 10 25 …… (2)
B B
…… (3)
MCB MCB F K rel 2 C B rel 6.25 4 2 C B 3 6.25 8 C 4 B 12
…… (4)
MCD MCD F K rel 2 C D rel 0 8 2 C 0 5 16 C 40
…… (5)
M DC M DC F K rel 2 D C rel 0 8 0 C 5 8 C 40
…… (6)
MCE MCE F K rel 2 C E rel 0 12 2 C E 5 24 C 12 E 60
…… (7)
M EC M EC F K rel 2 E C rel 0 12 2 E C 5 24 E 12 C 60
…… (8)
8) Apply moment equilibrium at each joint, M Joint 0 .
The joints needed to be checked are: BL, BL, C and E.
D
4m 2I
3 kN/m
B
I C
4m I 3I
A E
5m 3m
Joint BL:
M B L 0 M BA 0
10 B 25 0 ...... a
Joint BR:
M B R 0 M BC 0 6.25 8 B 4 C 12 0
8 B 4 C 12 6.25 ...... b
Joint C:
M C 0 M CB M CD M CE 0
6.25 8 C 4 B 12 16 C 40 24 C 12 E 60 0
4 B 48 C 12 E 88 6.25 ...... c
Joint E:
VD
M E 0 M EC 0 24 E 12 C 60 0
12 C 24 E 60 0 ...... d D MDC
4m 2I
3 kN/m
9) Apply the shear equation, M O 0 . B
I
C
VF
M E 0
4m I 3I
Some distances need to be obtained, y and z. A z E
4 y 4 8 VA
y y 5m
5 3 3 3m
MAB
4 8 3 4
4 y 4 25
RE
z O
z 5 z 5 3
8 25
M AB VA 5 VD M DC 3 5 2.5 8 RE 0
3 3
M AB 2.67V A 13.33VD M DC 8 RE 37.5 ......e
Relationships between VA, VD and RE must be obtained
Member AB for VA:
M B 0
M AB
M AB 4V A 0 V A
4
Member CD for VD:
M C 0
M DC M CD
M DC M CD 5VD 0 VD
5
Member CE for RE:
M C 0
M CE
M CE 3 RE 0 RE
3
Substitute the value of VA, VD and RE into Eq. (e) leads to:
M M DC M CD M
M AB 2.67 AB 13.33 M DC 8 CE 37.5 ...... f
4 5 3
12) Solve for the unknown deformations, 5 unknowns and 5 equations.
Solving a, b, c, d and f gives θB-L, θB-R, θC, θE and ∆.
B 2I
C
4m I
A
2 cm 1 cm
3m 3m
Solution:
1) The structure has no determinate portions.
2) Identify the indeterminate portions:
The structure is divided into the following members: AB and BC.
3) Identify the unknown deformations, rotations and displacements, in the
structure.
The unknown deformations are: θB.
4) Find the Fixed End Moments, FEM, for each member of the structure, due to
external effects.
The external effect is the given displacement of support (A), horizontal
displacement of (2 cm) to the left and a vertical settlement of (1 cm)
downward.
Draw the displacement diagram with respect to each given displacement to
obtain the displacement of each member:
B B
∆AB=(+) B’ B’
∆BC=(+)
4
3 B B ∆BC=(+) C
B B B’ B’ 4m
B’ 2 cm B’
A A
B’ 2B’
cm
B’
3m 3m
B’
BBB is a right-angle triangle having BB 2 cm
AB
0.025 ve
5 0.1
AB
2 100 4 4
BC
0.015 ve
3 0.06
BC
2 100 4 4
Vertical downward displacement, settlement, of (1 cm) of support (A):
B C
B
B B 4m
1 cm
1 cm
∆BC=(-)
3 B’ B’
A A
4
B’ 1 cm
B B
B’∆B’
AB = 0 B’ B’ 3 m 3m
B’
For the vertical settlement,
B’ B’ BB 1 cm :
BB will represent the displacement of (BC), since B is the same as
B , then the displacement of (AB) will be equal to zero
AB 0
BB will represent the displacement of (BC).
0.01 ve
1
BC
100
Final displacement of members will be the algebraic sum of the
displacement determined for each given displacement:
AB
0.025 0 0.025 , BC
0.015 0.01 0.005
M AB F M BA F
6 EI
6 10 4 0.025
60 kN .m
L2 5 2
M BC F M CB F
6 EI
6 2 10 4 0.005
16.67 kN .m
L2 6 2
5) Calculate (K rel):
Members AB BC
I 2I I 15
I/L
5 6 3 I
Krel 3 5
6) Find the End Moments for each member of the structure, by applying the
slope-deflection equations.
M AB M AB F K rel 2 A B 60 3 0 B 60 3 B …… (1)
Ex: (3-8):
Analyze the frame shown in figure using the slope-deflection method due to the
external applied loads and a horizontal displacement of (1 cm) to the left of support
A, noting that (EI= 104 kN.m2).
D
I 5m
2 kN/m
B 2I C
4m
3I
A
1 cm
3m 3m
Solution:
1) The structure has no determinate portions.
2) Identify the indeterminate portions: D
The structure is divided into the following I 5m
members: AB, BC and CD. 2 kN/m
3) Identify the unknown deformations, rotations and B 2I C
displacements, in the structure. 4m
3I
The unknown deformations are: θB, θC and ∆.
A
4) Find the FEM for each member of the structure, 1 cm
due to external effects. 3m 3m
The external effect is the applied uniformly
distributed load on member (BC) and a given horizontal displacement of
(1 cm) to the left of support (A).
Draw the displacement diagram with respect to the given displacement to
obtain the displacement of each member:
Horizontal displacement of (1 cm) to the left of support (A):
1) Start with the given displacement, horizontal displacement of (1 cm) to the
left of support (A) at point A .
2) From A draw a line equal and parallel to (AB) ends at B .
3) Draw a line perpendicular to AB at its end, B .
4) Search for another fixed member next to (AB), if there wasn’t any, assume
that the next member, (BC), is fixed at (C), then draw a line perpendicular to
BC at its unfixed end, (B).
5) The intersection of the two perpendicular lines drawn in steps 3 and 4 above
will represent the point B .
B
∆AB=(+) B’ D
3
∆BC=(+)
4 B
I 5m
B B
B’ 1 cm B’ B’ 2 kN/m
B
B’ B 2I C
B’ B’ 4m
3I
A A
B’
B’ 1 cm
3m 3m
B’
0.0125 ve
5 0.05
AB
AB
1 100 4 4
0.0075 ve
3 0.03
BC
BC
1 100 4 4
M AB F M BA F
6 EI
6 3 10 4 0.0125
90 kN .m
L2 5 2
M BC F
wL2 6 EI
2
4
26 6 2 10 0.0075
6 25 31 kN .m
12 L2 12 6 2
M CB F
wL 2
6 EI
2
4
26 6 2 10 0.0075
6 25 19 kN .m
12 L2 12 6 2
MCD F M DC F 0
6) Calculate (K rel):
Members AB BC CD
3I 2I I I 60
I/L
5 6 3 4 I
Krel 36 20 15
7) Calculate (∆ rel):
To find (∆ rel) for each member the displacement diagram must be drawn:
C ∆CD=(+) C
B’ 4 D
∆BC=(-) 3
∆AB=(-)
C
B’
B’ B C C
B’
B
B’ B’ C
B’
B’A
B’
AB
CC , ve , BC C C , ve and CD CCB’
, ve
CC C is a right-angle triangle:
Let AB
3 4
AB
, BC
and CD
5 5
Members AB BC CD
3 5 4 5 10
∆/L
5 6 10 4 5
∆rel 2 2
8) Find the End Moments for each member of the structure, by applying the
slope-deflection equations.
M AB M AB F K rel 2 A B rel
...... (1)
M AB 90 36 0 B 2 90 36 B 72
M BA M BA F K rel 2 B A rel
...... (2)
M BA 90 36 2 B 2 90 72 B 72
M BC M BC F K rel 2 B C rel
...... (3)
M BC 31 20 2 B C 31 40 B 20 C 20
M CB M CB F K rel 2 C B rel
...... (4)
M CB 19 20 2 C B 19 20 B 40 C 20
M CD M CD F K rel 2 C D rel
...... (5)
M CD 0 15 2 C 0 2 30 C 30
M DC M DC F K rel 2 D C rel
...... (6)
M DC 0 15 0 C 2 15 C 30
Joint C:
M C 0 M CB M CD 0
19 20 B 40 C 20 30 C 30 0
20 B 70 C 10 19 ......b
Member CD:
M C 0
M DC M CD 4VD 0
M DC M CD
VD
4 4
M M M M
M AB 5 AB BA 13 DC CD M DC 36
5 5 4 4
13 13
M AB M AB M BA M DC M CD M DC 36
4 4
9 13
2 M AB M BA M DC M CD 36 4
4 4
8 M AB 4 M BA 9 M DC 13 M CD 144
8 90 36 B 72 4 90 72 B 72 915C 30 1330 C 30 144
576 B 525 C 1524 1224 ......d
15 kN I 3m
D
B
2I 3m
A
2m 4m
Solution:
1) The structure has one determinate portion, the cantilever DB, after removing it
and transforming the effect on the structure the frame will be as follows:
C
15 kN
I 3m
30 kN.m B
2I 3m
A
4m
4) Find the FEM for each member of the structure, due to external effects.
The external effect is a given vertical settlement of (12 mm) of support (A).
Draw the displacement diagram with respect to the given displacement to
obtain the displacement of each member in order to calculate the FEM.
C
B
∆BC=(-)
4 B
12 mm 3 B B
4 B’ B B’
∆AB=(+) A
B
B’
12 mm
B’ B’ B’
B’ A
B’
B’
BBB is an isosceles triangle, with BB BB .
0.0075 ve
5 0.03 B’
AB
AB
6 1000 4 4
BC
0.0075 ve
5 0.03
BC
6 1000 4 4
M AB F M BA F
6 EI
2
6 2 10 4 0.0075
36 kN .m
L 5 2
M BC F M CB F
6 EI
6 1 10 4 0.0075
18 kN .m
L2 5 2
5) Calculate (K rel):
Members AB BC
I/L 2I 5 I 5 5 I
Krel 2 1
6) Find the End Moments for each member of the structure, by applying the
slope-deflection equations.
M AB M AB F K rel 2 A B 36 2 0 B 36 2 B ...... (1)
M BA M BA F K rel 2 B A 36 2 2 B 0 36 4 B ...... (2)
M BC M BC F K rel 2 B C 18 1 2 B 0 18 2 B ...... (3)
MCB MCB F K rel 2C B 18 1 0 B 18 B ...... (4)
CB as FBD:
M B 0 M BC MCB 3C x 4C y 0 14 16 319 4C y 0 C y 21.75 kN
C Cx
15 kN MCB
I Cy 3 m
30 kN.m B
2I 3m
A
4m
Ay Ax
MAB
C Cx
MCB
Cy
MBC B