ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION & MAINTENANCE NC2

TITLE: SAFETY SWITCH

OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the discussion, the trainees should be able to:
1. Perform the proper procedures in installing safety switch.
2. Test the fuse using voltmeter or test light

LINE SIDE

LEVER
SWITCH
SAFETY SWITCH
(2PST) 2-pole Single Throw KNIFE /
30 amp. BLADE
FUSE HOLDER

TERMINAL SCREW

LOAD
SIDE
LINE SIDE

SAFETY SWITCH
(3PST) 3-pole Single Throw
30 amp.

LOAD
SIDE
L1 N L2
FEEDER
LINE

METER BASE
BRANCH CIRCUIT
EARTH
GROUND
TRANSFER SWITCH TRANSFER SWITCH
(2PDT) 2-pole Double Throw (3PDT) 3-pole Double Throw
30 amp. 30 amp.

PORCELAIN CUTOUT ( 2-branch )

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 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION & MAINTENANCE NC2

LINE SIDE

BRANCH BRANCH
CIRCUIT CIRCUIT

LINE SIDE

FEEDER LINE

TITLE: CIRCUIT BREAKER

OBJECTIVES:
At the end of the discussion, the trainees should be able to:

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 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION & MAINTENANCE NC2
1. Identify and use different types of circuit breaker.
2. Assemble circuit panel board.

THEORIES:
Circuit breaker is a device designed to open and close a circuit by non-automatic means, and to open the circuit
automatically on a predetermined over-current without injury to it when properly applied within its rating. It composed of a
manual switch and an over-current device.
A molded circuit breaker is a non-adjustable air circuit breaker assembled as an integral unit in a supporting and
enclosing housing of insulating materials. It is used for circuit protection in low voltage distribution systems. An air circuit
breaker interrupts the current in air as contrasted with oil or gas interruption. Breakers of this type are able to provide
overload protection for conductors as well as short-circuit protection for motors, control equipment, lighting circuits, and
heating circuits.
Circuit breakers are classified by frame size, ampere rating, and interrupting capacity. The frame size, expressed in
ampere, is the largest ampere rating available in the group. The ampere rating is the value of current that the breaker will
carry continuously in an ambient temperature of 40 oC without either tripping or exceeding the permissible temperature rise.
The interrupting capacity is the maximum rms (root mean square) value of current at rated maximum voltage and frequency
that the breaker can safely interrupt without damage to it.
Breakers are tested in open air to carry 110% of their rated loads indefinitely without tripping. Most breakers will
carry 150% of their rated load for perhaps a minute, 200% for about 20 sec. and 300% for about 5 sec., long enough to carry
the heavy current required to start a motor.
Note: If the short-circuit current is grater than the interrupting capacity of the breaker, the tremendous mechanical forces that are produced on the
adjacent breaker poles can literally tear it apart or, even worse, cause a violent explosion and fire. Reclosing a breaker after a fault occurs could
be dangerous if the interrupting capacity of the breaker is inadequate. The operator may be seriously injured or killed by the resulting explosion
of the weakened breaker.

Types of Circuit Breaker Types of Tripping Action

1. ACB (Air Circuit Breaker) 1. Thermal action
2. OCB (Oil Circuit Breaker) 2. Magnetic action
3. Thermal-magnetic action
4. Current limiter action

Circuit Breaker Ratings and Specifications

AF - (Ampere Frame) Frame size of the circuit breaker

AT - (Ampere Trip) Rated current of the circuit breaker
V - (Voltage) Rated voltage of the circuit breaker
KA - (Kilo ampere) Interrupting capacity of the circuit breaker

AF AT V KA

60 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60 240/415 7.5/3

100 60, 75, 100 240/415 15/7.5
125 125 240/415 15/7.5
225 125, 150, 175, 200, 225 240/415 25/15
250 250 240/415 25/15
400 250, 300, 350, 400 240/415 30/15
500 450, 500, 600 240/415 35/22
800 700, 800 240/415 60/35
1000 1000 600 35
1200 1200 600 35
1600 1000, 1200, 1400 600 75
2000 1500, 2000 600 75
2500 2500 600 75
3200 2500, 2800, 3200 600 75

CIRCUIT BREAKER ON
ON

15A OFF 30A

TRIPPED

OFF

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CIRCUIT BREAKER CIRCUIT
PLUG-IN TYPE BREAKER
 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION & MAINTENANCE NC2

LINE SIDE

FAULT
3-POLE Ground
CIRCUIT O
N
Fault
BREAKER 60A Circuit
with GFCI Interrupter
OFF
TEST

LOAD
SIDE
PANEL BOARD ASSEMBLY

8-branch Copper Panel Board 6-branch Copper Panel Board

Plug-in Type Bolt-on Type

Copper Bus Bar

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 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION & MAINTENANCE NC2

3-wire, 3-Phase, 220v, 60

LOADS OF PANEL BOARD
Hz Panel
Distribution
Branch CKT. Description
No. 3PCB

1. Small Appliances 100A

2. Lighting 20AT 15AT
3. Small Appliances 1 2
4. Lighting
5. Water Pump Motor, 1/4hp, 220v 20AT
3 15AT 4
6. 3 Motor, ½ hp, 220v T

5 20AT 20AT
6

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 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION & MAINTENANCE NC2

COLOR CODES

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 ELECTRICAL INSTALLATION & MAINTENANCE NC2

Conductor of a three phase systems are identified by a color code, to allow for balanced loading and to assure the
correct phase rotation for induction motors. Colors used may adhere to International Standard IEC 60446, older standards or
to no standard at all and may even within a single installation. For example, in the U.S. and Canada, different color codes are
used for grounded (earthed) and ungrounded systems.

GROUND
L1 L2 L3 NEUTRAL
(Protective Earth)
Green
U.S. (common practice) BLACK RED BLUE WHITE/GRAY Green/yellow striped
Bare copper wire
CHINA YELLOW GREEN RED LIGHT BLUE Green/yellow striped
Green
CANADA RED BLACK BLUE WHITE
Bare copper wire

AUSTRALIA and NEW ZELAND Green

RED WHITE DARK BLUE BLACK
(per AS/ANZ 3999;2007 Figure 3.2) Green/yellow striped
NORWAY BLACK WHITE/GRAY BROWN BLUE Yellow/green striped
REPUBLIC of INDIA and PAKISTAN RED YELLOW BLUE BLACK Green
EUROPEAN UNION and all countries using
BROWN BLACK GRAY BLUE Green/yellow striped
EUROPEAN CENELEC standards
Green
MALAYSIA RED YELLOW BLUE BLACK
Green/yellow striped

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61A