Experiment No 1: Balancing of Single Disturbing Mass at The Same Radii

Experiment No 1 : Balancing of single disturbing mass at the same
radii
Objective:
To balance a single disturbing mass by a single balancing mass rotating at a same radius
in the same plane
Apparatus:
 Mass balancing appartus
 Various weights
 Nut and bolt fasteners
Theory:
Balancing of mass:
The process of balancing the mass is to add the mass in such way that it can act counter
to another mass to cancel the effect of centrifugal effect of this mass it is called Balancing of
mass. For example when we attached masses to the rotating shaft it can prduce unbalancing and
bend shaft due to centrifugal forces and produce vibration in the shaft
The main purpose of balancing of mass is to avoid the vibration that are produced due to unequal
distribution of mass along with the body. When some masses are in rotation there is not only
centrifugal force that may unbalanced them but couple also generated from these forces that will
balance them. In order to balance the mass statically the couples produced and net centrifugal
forces will be equal to zero.
Fig 1.
Significance of Balancing rotating mass:
We know that perfect allignment of machinery is not possible in practical life. Every
moving part like machinery has some sort of misallignment in them like vibration. We cannot
eliminate them completely but we can reduce them to some extent. Balancing of mass can
minimize vibration increase the bearing life reduce noise and power losses
The cases of balancing roating masses are
1. Balancing of different masses rotating in different planes
2. Balancing of single rotating mass by two masses rotating in different planes
3. Balancing of different masses rotating in the same plane.
4. Balancing of single rotating mass by a single mass rotating in same plane.
Balancing of single disturbing mass by a single rotating mass:

Consider we have a shaft rotating with rotational speed ω (rad/s). Disturbance is created
with the help of mass m1 Assume that radius of rotation of mass m 1 is given by r1. radius of
rotation is the distance between center of gravity of rotating mass m1 and axis of rotation of shaft
Fig 2.
F c1=m1 ω2 r 1
The centrifugal force produce bending moment in the shaft. In order to stop this a
counter mass m2 is attached to shaft in the same plane. The position of mass m2 on shaft
is such that it produces equal but opposite to that of centrifugal force Radius of rotation
of mass m2 is represented by r2
F c2=m2 ω 2 r 2
m1 ω2 r 1=m2 ω 2 r 2
m 1 r 1=m2 r 2
Procedure:
• First of all, try to take proper lab-security measures to guarantee your and others safety.
• To check the strength, start the motor without joining any masses on the plates.
• If mechanical assembly doesn't appear to be steady, append fitting load on plates or fix
belt arrangement on the plates. In any case continue to following stage.
• Now, so as to play out the test, include an irregular load at one of three accessible
positions (r) on the plate. Additionally note the angle of mass It will go about as
upsetting mass for our analysis.
• After including disturbing mass the plate, presently it's a great opportunity to counter the
impact of that mass. Use formula to find the balancing mass and angle
• After finding balancing mass and angle, Clamp that mass at angle on a similar plate as of
disturbing mass.
• Make sure to fix the nut-screw latch fittingly, so it didn't fell while turning.
• Now switch on the engine and watch the solidness of mechanical assembly. It ought to be
adjusted hypothetically. For all intents and purposes, a few vibrations are there because
of different insanities
• Repeat try multiple times at any rate for various disturbing masses.
Observations and Calculations:
Sr. # md rd θd m d ×r d mb rb θb m b ×r b
1 0.2 3 60 0.6 0.2 3 240 0.6
2 0.25 3 150 0.75 0.25 3 330 0.75
3 0.5 4 10 2 0.5 4 190 2
4 1 5 150 5 1 5 330 5
Disscusion:
From this experiment we concluded that if a disturbing mass m1 is applied at any
arbitrarily angle θ1 and radius r 1 that causes vibrations in the system. To balance this disturbing
mass at same radius, same balancing mass will be applied in same plane. Note that angle of this
balancing should be opposite to that of disturbing mass that is 180+θ2 .
Fitaovana mandanjalanja faobe Ny fitaovana fandanjalanjana faobe (na mahay mandanjalanja na mahay mandanjalanja ny dinamika) dia ampiasaina hanatsarana ny fandanjalanjana ny masobe eo amin'ny vatana mihodina. Ity fampitaovana ity dia amina baomba maotera moto miaraka amina takelaka boribory maro eo amboniny, izay apetraka eo amin'ny lelafo mahitsizoro ary ahantona amin'ny loharano amin'ireo zorony efatra izay mijoro ny tongotra 4. Ny takelaka dia voamarika amin'ny ambaratonga zoro manomboka amin'ny enina ka hatramin'ny 360o.
2.4.2. Zava- dehibe sy manan-danja
Tsy misy fanamboarana lavorary amin'ny tontolo azo ampiharina. Ny fivoriambe mifindra na mihodina dia misy karazana fanairana ao aminy noho ny fanararaotana diso. Tsy azo atao ny famongorana azy ireo tanteraka fa tsy azo atao antenaina ny tanjona farany. Manimba ny fihanaky ny milina fanamboarana izay ataon'ireo satroka ampanaovina, ary mampihena ny ain'ireo faritra. Ao amin'ny vatana mihodina, ny vovoka dia miteraka tohodrano amin'ny fizarana faobe amin'ny vatana. Noho izany, mba hahafahana manombatombana ny fanairana sy manala ny fiantraikany amin'ny vatana mihodina, ny fitaovana fandanjalanjana dia ampiasaina.
2.4.3. Fampiasana sy fampiharana:
Ny fitaovana fandanjalanjana faobe dia ampiasaina:
• Manombatombana sy hialana amin'ny fikoropahana andrasana amin'ny milina indostrialy.
• Amin'ny rafitra masera tokana na marobe mifototra mba handanjalanja ny masobe.
Fanandramana Lab-2016-ME-78 TOM-II Lab - 02
• Mialana na hampihena araka izay azo atao ny voka-dratsy mahatsiravina, novokarin'ny vovoka tao amin'ny milina fiasana indostria sns
Experiment No 2: Balancing of single disturbing mass at the
different radii
Objective:
To balance a single disturbing mass by a single balancing mass rotating at different radii
in the same plane
Apparatus:
 Various weights
Theory:
Balancing of mass:
Fig 1.
4. Balancing of single rotating mass by a single mass rotating in same plane.
Balancing of disturbing mass at different radii:

Procedure:
1. First of all, a known specific disturbing mass m 1 is applied on a plane that causes
centrifugal forces to set up in the plane.
2. The angle θ1 and radius r 1 of disturbing mass is chosen arbitrarily.
3. To balance this single disturbing mass a balancing mass is applied at radius other than
that of disturbing mass say at r 2 and angle of balancing mass is given as;
θ2=θ 1+180
4. The balancing mass m 2 is then found by using relation.
m 1 r 2=m 2 r 2
Sr. # md rd θd m d ×r d mb rb θb m b ×r b
1 0.2 5 60 1 0.25 4 240 1
2 0.5 3 100 1.5 0.3 5 280 1.5
3 1 4 120 4 0.8 5 300 4
Disscusion:
From this experiment we will conclude that if we apply disturbing mass at some specific
radius r1 and balancing mass apply at some other radius r then the magnitude of balancing mass
will be different as of disturbing mass
References:
[1] https://www.intechopen.com/books/matlab-applications-for-the-practical-engineer/analysis-
of-balancing-of-unbalanced-rotors-and-long-shafts-using-gui-matlab
[2] Khurmi, R. S. (2006). A Text Book of Theroy of Machines. Madras.
Experiment No 3 : Balancing of two disturbing mass with a single
balancing mass at same radii
Objective:
To balance two disturbing mass with single balancing mass rotating at same radius at
same plane
Apparatus:
 Various weights
Theory:
Balancing of mass:
Fig 1.

4. Balancing of single rotating mass by a single mass rotating in same plane
Balancing of two disturbing mass with a single balancing mass:

Consider we have two disturbing masses m1 and m2 rotating at two different radius r1 and
r2 from the axis of rotation let θ1, θ2 be the angle of these disturbing masses as shown in fig
Fig 2.
Analytical Method:
1. At the start we have to calculate centrifugal force exerted by each masses on the
rotating shaft
2. Then after that resolve all the horizontal and vertical components and find the sum of
these forces
3. The sum of horizontal forces are
∑ H =m1 r 1 cos θ1 +m2 r 2 cos θ 2+ …
4. Similarly the sum of vetical forces are

∑ V =m1 r 1 sin θ1 +m2 r 2 sin θ2 + …
5. The resultant of these forces are

F c =√ ¿ ¿
6. The angle which resultant make with the horizontal is
θ=tan −1
∑V
∑H
7. At the end the balancing forces is equal to resultant forces in the opposite direction
8. The balancing force magnitude can be calculate using
F c =m. r
Procedure:
1. First of all apply two disturbing masses which has magnitude m1 and m2 at any two
radius and angles
2. Now we have to find the value of H and V because we have of find resultant
centrifugal force due to these disturbing masses
H=(m 1 r 1 cos θ1 +m 2 r 2 cos θ 2)ω2
V =(m1 r 1 sin θ2 +m2 r 2 sin θ2 )ω 2
3. Now we have to find the resultant force and angle
F d= √V 2 + H 2 ω2
V
θd =tan−1
H
4. Since the two disturbing masses is balanced by balancing mass so
F d=F b
m d r d ω2=m b r b ω2
5. The rotational velocity of motor is
md r d
m b=
rb
6. Since the radius of disturbing and balancing mass is same and also in same plane so
r b =r d
7. Point of application of balancing mass can be located using relation;
θb =180+θd
Sr. # m1 r1 θ1 m2 r1 θ2 md r d mb rb θb H V Fd θd
1 1 4 30 0.5 4 130 6 1.5 4 238.3 2.18 3.53 4.15 58.3
2 0.25 5 40 0.2 5 140 2.25 0.45 5 262.5 0.19 1.45 1.46 82.5
3 1 3 50 0.25 3 160 3.75 1.25 3 244.4 1.22 2.55 2.83 64.4
Discussion:
From above results it is concluded that for disturbing and balancing masses in same plane
if two disturbing masses causes vibrations to set up in the system then these disturbing rotating
masses can be balanced by the masses whose magnitude is equal to sum of individual disturbing
mass as it can be seen from above results. The point of application of resultant balancing mass is
found with help of point of application of resultant disturbing masses. Actually, each of
disturbing mass produces its own horizontal and vertical component. Each of these components
are added to get resultant horizontal and vertical components that are ultimately add up to give
resultant single disturbing force.
Experiment No 4 : Balancing of two disturbing mass with a single
balancing mass at different radii
Objective:
To balance two disturbing mass with single balancing mass rotating at different radius at
same plane
Apparatus:
 Various weights
Theory:
Balancing of mass:
Fig 1.

4. Balancing of single rotating mass by a single mass rotating in same plane
Procedure:
1. First of all apply two disturbing masses which has magnitude m1 and m2 at any
two radius and angles
2. Now we have to find the value of H and V because we have of find resultant
centrifugal force due to these disturbing masses
H=(m 1 r 1 cos θ1 +m 2 r 2 cos θ 2)ω2
V =(m1 r 1 sin θ2 +m2 r 2 sin θ2 )ω 2
3. Now we have to find the resultant force and angle
F d= √V 2 + H 2 ω2
V
θd =tan−1
H
4. Since the two disturbing masses is balanced by balancing mass so
F d=F b
m d r d ω2=m b r b ω2
5. The rotational velocity of motor is
md r d
m b=
rb
6. Since the radius of disturbing and balancing mass is same and also in same plane
so
rb ≠ rd
7. Point of application of balancing mass can be located using relation;

θb =180+θd
Sr. # m1 r1 θ1 m2 r1 θ2 mb rb θb H V Fd θd
1 0.4 5 90 0.45 3 250 0.22 4 302.3 -0.461 0.731 0.8651 122.3

4
2 0.5 3 40 0.25 5 160 0.348 4 271 -0.025 1.392 1.392 91
1
3 1 4 14 0.25 3 270 0.713 5 329.3 -3.064 1.821 3.565 149.3
0
Discussion:
From above results it is concluded that for disturbing and balancing masses in same plane
if two disturbing masses causes vibrations to set up in the system then these disturbing rotating
masses can be balanced by the masses whose magnitude is equal to sum of individual disturbing
mass as it can be seen from above results. The point of application of resultant balancing mass is
found with help of point of application of resultant disturbing masses. Actually, each of
disturbing mass produces its own horizontal and vertical component. Each of these components
are added to get resultant horizontal and vertical components that are ultimately add up to give
resultant single disturbing force.


Experiment No 1: Balancing of Single Disturbing Mass at The Same Radii

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Experiment No 1 : Balancing of single disturbing mass at the same

Balancing of single disturbing mass by a single rotating mass:

Observations and Calculations:

Balancing of disturbing mass at different radii:

Observations and Calculations:

Significance of Balancing rotating mass:

Balancing of two disturbing mass with a single balancing mass:

4. Similarly the sum of vetical forces are

5. The resultant of these forces are

Observations and Calculations:

1 1 4 30 0.5 4 130 6 1.5 4 238.3 2.18 3.53 4.15 58.3

3 1 3 50 0.25 3 160 3.75 1.25 3 244.4 1.22 2.55 2.83 64.4

Significance of Balancing rotating mass:

7. Point of application of balancing mass can be located using relation;

1 0.4 5 90 0.45 3 250 0.22 4 302.3 -0.461 0.731 0.8651 122.3

2.4.2. Zava- dehibe sy manan-danja

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