Assignment 4

ECE 6331 Power Electronic Circuits

Due Date: December 28, 2016
1) Boost Converter Analogy You may have seen a hydraulic ram pump before. It is a type
of pump with (almost) no moving parts that converts the energy of downhill running
water to upward movement of water to an elevation even higher than the source. Fig. 1
shows a simple ram. The article at http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_ram explains
the operation of the ram. The operation of a ram (in a hydraulic system) is very similar to
the operation of a boost converter (in an electric system). For example, both take
current/water from some voltage/height and take it to a higher voltage/height.

For more information, please see the following:

 Hydraulic analogy of electric circuits: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hydraulic_analogy
 How to make a hydraulic ram: http://www.instructables.com/id/Hydraulic-Ram-Pump/
 How a hydraulic ram works: http://www.clemson.edu/irrig/equip/ram4.htm
Discuss how this is analogous to the operation of a boost converter. In particular,
a) Identify the electrical equivalents of all components numbered in Fig. 1.
b) What are the electrical equivalents of water flow, water source, and output voltage?
c) Discuss the operation of the ram in electrical terms.

2) A buck converter has an input voltage that varies between 50 and 60 V and a load that
varies between 75 and 125 W. The output voltage is 20 V. For a switching frequency of
 100 kHz, determine the minimum inductance to provide for continuous current for every
operating possibility.

3) Design a buck converter such that the output voltage is 15 V when the input is 48 V. The
load is 8 Ω. Design for continuous inductor current. The output voltage ripple must be no
greater than 0.5 percent. Specify the switching frequency and the value of each of the
components. Assume ideal components.
Specify the voltage and current ratings for each of the components in the design.

4) Design a buck converter that has an output of 12 V from an input of 18 V. The output
power is 10 W. The output voltage ripple must be no more than 100 mV p-p. Specify the
duty ratio, switching frequency, and inductor and capacitor values. Design for continuous
inductor current. Assume ideal components.

5) A boost converter has an input of 5 V and an output of 25 W at 15 V. The minimum

inductor current must be no less than 50 percent of the average. The output voltage ripple
must be less than 1 percent. The switching frequency is 300 kHz. Determine the duty
ratio, minimum inductor value, and minimum capacitor value.

6) Design a boost converter to provide an output of 18 V from a 12-V source. The load is 20
W. The output voltage ripple must be less than 0.5 percent. Specify the duty ratio, the
switching frequency, the inductor size and rms current rating, and the capacitor size and
rms current rating. Design for continuous current. Assume ideal components.

7) Design a buck-boost converter to supply a load of 75 Wat 50 V from a 40-V source. The
output ripple must be no more than 1 percent. Specify the duty ratio, switching
frequency, inductor size, and capacitor size.

8) Design a dc-dc converter to produce a 15-V output from a source that varies from 12 to
18 V. The load is a 15 Ω resistor.

9) Design a buck-boost converter that has a source that varies from 10 to 14 V. The output is
regulated at 12 V. The load varies from 10 to 15 W. The output voltage ripple must be
less than 1 percent for any operating condition. Determine the range of the duty ratio of
the switch. Specify values of the inductor and capacitor, and explain how you made your
design decisions.

10) The Cuk converter, shown below in the figure, has parameters 𝑉𝑆 = 12𝑉, 𝐷 = 0.6, 𝐿1 =
200 𝜇𝐻, 𝐿2 = 100 𝜇𝐻, 𝐶1 = 𝐶2 = 2 𝜇𝐹, 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑅 = 12 Ω and the switching frequency is
250 kHz. Determine (a) the output voltage, (b) the average and the peak-to-peak variation
of the currents in 𝐿1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐿2 , and (c) the peak-to-peak variation in the capacitor voltages.