University of Kufa – Collage of Engineering

Electronic and Communication Engineering Department

TRANSMISSION LINE THEORY

Hussein Ababs Haider

let's at first define transmission line, so transmission
line are nothing but a specialized cables that are
designed to transmite alternating current at a
considerable high frequency so that their wave
nature must be taken into account. The
transmission line has a very wide field of
applications such as in radio transmission,
television cables, trunklines routing calls, and many
more. Following are the transmission line effect and
causes :-
1.) Potential effect of electric field from the
operation of the transmission lines causes spark
discharge as a person touches metal object near
transmission lines or fuel ignition, pole fire, dead
tree burning by charge discharge.
2.) With increasing voltage effect in the
transmission line occures due to ionisation of the air
surrounding the conductors. The main factors that
affect are cables as well as physical states of the
atmosphere i.e. atmospheric condition and
condition of conductors.
There is no difference between the propagation of
electromagnetic wave in cables and that in case of
unbounded space like free space as unlike
mechanical wave electromagnetic wave do not
require any medium to propagate as the
electromagnetic wave can not only travel through
air but can also travel in vacuum of space but the
only difference is that in case of cables it's direction
of propagation is fixed where as in case of
unbounded space it's free to travel in any direction.