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SOILS OF INDIA

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COMPOSITION FORMATION CHARACTERSITICS DISTRIBUTION CROPS
Very fertile, fine Punjab, Haryana, Wheat,
Rich in lime potash,
grained both in Uttar Pradesh, Sugarcane,
ALLUVIAL Poor in Silt brought
new alluvium Madhya Pradesh, Cotton,
SOIL phosphorous and by rivers
(Khadar) and old Bihar and West Oilseeds
humus
alluvium Bengal and Jute
Rich in lime,
Cotton,
aluminium, calcium, High Water Maharashtra,
Weathering Sugarcane,
BLACK SOIL potash, iron, retentive capacity. Madhya Pradesh,
of volcanic oilseeds
(REGUR) magnesium. Poor in  cracks develops Gujarat, Andhra
rocks and
nitrogen and when dry Pradesh
Tobacco
humus.
Decompositio Not water Bajra,
Rich in iron, poor in
RED AND n of granite, retentive. When Tamil Nadu, maize,
lime, phosphorous,
YELLOW gneiss and fertilizers are Kerala, and pulses,
calcium and
SOIL metamorphic added, soil become Karnataka potatoes,
nitrogen
rocks productive fruits
Peculiar to
Agriculturally less
India- Andhra Cashew,
Rich in iron, poor in important. Bricks
LATERITE Leaching of Pradesh, Tamil Tapioca,
lime, phosphorous, are made for
SOIL laterite rocks Nadu, West Coffee and
calcium, nitrogen house
Bengal, and Rubber
construction
Odisha
Heterogeneous,
Rich in humus. Poor character changes Temperate
Decompositio Himalayan region.
in potash, with parent rocks fruits,
FOREST SOIL n of organic Western and
phosphorous and and climate. spices, tea,
matter Eastern Ghats
lime Require good deal coffee
of fertilizers.
Unproductive soil. Barseem,
Rich in Chloride, Accumulation In Punjab and Dhaincha
Haryana, Punjab,
SALINE SOIL calcium, and of soluble Haryana gypsum is and
Rajasthan
magnesium salt added to improve leguminous
the soil crops

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