Ser¡¡¡-rA 06

Uolcanoes

We have all seen píctures líke this from time to time ...perhaps you live in a country where there
are volcanoes.
Here are some of the most frequently asked questions about volcanoes.
What are volcanoes? A volcano is a mountain or hill with an opening through which steam,
gases and lava from the centre of the Earth can escape into the air.
What is lava?
Lava is red-hot rock which comes to the Earth's surface through the volcano. lt has a temperature
of about t, OOO Degree Celsius- ten times hotter than boilíng water! Lava can move as fast as 55
kph ...faster than most animals can run.
How rnany volcanoes are there ín the world?
There are about 85o active volcanoes in the world. About sixty percent are in an area called the
Ring of Fire in the Pacific Ocean. The largest active volcano is Mauna Loa on the island of Hawaii.
What's the difference between 'active' and fextinct'volcanoes?
An actíve volcano can erupt at any time. Extinct volcanoes are volcanoes that have stopped
erupting.
What happens when they erupt?
A volcano erupts when there is a víolent escape of gases and lava from the volcano. ln 79 AD, Mount
Vesuvius in ltaly erupted, destroying the Roman city of Pompeií. The worst volcanic disaster in the
twentieth century was in Martinique, a French lsland in the Caribbean Sea. A volcano called Mount
Pelee near the town of Pierre erupted on the morning of 8th May t9oz. Of the 3o,ooo people in
Pierre, just two survíved.
Can we predíct when a volcano is going to erupt?
Nowadays, scientists usually know when a volcano is going to erupt. ln t99t, the Pinatubo volcano,
too kilometers northwest of Manila in the Phílippines, began one of the largest eruptíons of the
twentieth century. Thanks to the scientistsr warnings, more than loo,ooo people left the area
before the volcano erupted.

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Answer the questions with complete answers

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z. What is the speed at which lava can move? lono can moue a¡ h"f as 55 /<pá

3. How many volcanoes are there active in the worldT Ítrr, are o6oot o5o a9!y, vr/ra l,oes tr7 /úc uorl/
4. What is the locatíon of Mauna Loa? l'farr^ ha ti on lhe is/ard o{ Ha,,tait

5. What is the date when Vesuvius eruptedl 7te Vesuvtus eruPrQd ltt ?9 a,o
6. what happens when the volcanoes erupt? fle vo/unoet erufl uÁcn lhere i¡ a vioÁnf etope o{
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q¿ua( levA ffim *he¡rt
7. Can we predict the volcanoes eruption? , ue can .
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8. Names two volcanoes ín Peru and its location H/sr1' and Saborraf q. a"e irt Are?dpa

9. Do we have volcanoes in Ancash] ry" we ha ven tf .

to. ls a volcano dangerous? Ves , ¡* is