Reference Calculation Output

4.4 Srtuctural Design of Base slab

Assume, base thickness = 250 mm

main bar diameter = 20 mm
secondary bar diameter = 16 mm
nominal cover = 40 mm

effective depth,d = 250-40-20/2

= 200 mm

4.4.1 Design for ULS

Maximum bending moment = 8.73 kNm

K = M
BS 8110-01 bd fcu
2
: 1997
= 8.73x 10
6
Cl. 3.5.4
1000 x 142 x 35
2

= 0.01 < 0.156

K < K'
Compression reinforcements is not required
 
z = d  0.5  0.25  k 
 0.9 

= 0.01
0.5 + 0.25 −
0.9

= 0.99 d
= 198.60

AstULS = M
0.95 fy Z
= 8.73 x 10
6

0.95 x 460 x 198.78 AstULS =

= 100.59 mm /m 100.59mm
2 2

provide T12 @ 200 mm

As (pro) = 22x12 x1000
2

7x4x200
= 565.71 mm
2

4.4.2 Design for cracking due to flexure at supports in

mature concrete.(SLS)

BS 8007 Design moment in slab = 4.26 kNm/m

: 1987
Cl. 3.2.2 M =
4.26 × 10
bd 2 1000 × 200
= 0.11
Reference Calculation Output

Allowable steel stress in service, = 130.00 N/mm

2

fst

BS 8007 Proportion of tension = 0.010

: 1987
Table 3.1 reinforcement,

Reynold’s
Hand Book
Required reinforcment area =  bd
10th edition = 0.010x1000x200
Table 118
= 2000.00 mm
2

provide T20 mm bars @ 150 c/c

As (pro) = 22x20 x1000
2

7x4x150 As (pro) =
= 2095.24 mm 2095.24 mm
2 2

4.4.3 Design for r/f to resist shrinkage and thermal

moment in immature concrete.(SLS)

wmax  smax R (T1  T2 )

Take, R = 0.50
  10  10 6
 T1   35o C
 T2   13o C
wmax
 0.5  10  106 (35  13)
smax
= 0.00024
 f    
smax   ct    
 fb   2  
f ct
 0.67
fb
wmax 
 0.67   
0.00024  2 

0.2 0.67   
  
0.00024 2 
  0.000402
For 12 mm diameter bars, ρ12 = 0.0048
For 20 mm diameter bars, ρ20 = 0.0080

As required for 12 mm dia bars = 0.0048× × 10

= 603.00 mm
2

As required for 20 mm dia bars = 0.008× × 10

Reference Calculation Output

= 1000.00 mm
2

Check of crack width due to flexture

Modular ratio,  = ES e EC
= 200 = 14.81
13.5
Steel ratio, = AS
bd
= 2095
1000 x 200
= 10.48 x 10
-3

x  2 
  e   1   1 
d  e 
α ρ=14.81× 10.48 × 10
= 0.15519
2
0.15519 1+ −1
0.15519
= 0.4231
0.4231
= 0.4231x200
= 84.63 mm

Therefore, depth of natural axis,x = 84.63 mm

x
Leaver arm, z = d
3

84.63
= 200 −
3
= 171.8 mm

Service tensile stress in steel, = MS

zAS

= 4.26 × 10
171.8 × 2095
= 11.8 N/mm 11.8 N/mm
2 2

< ( )(=130 N/mm2)

Hence satisfactory,
 Reference Calculation Output

Check for crack width due to flexure

BS 8007
3acr  m
Appendix B2 Crack width, w
2  acr  cmin 
1
 h  x

Apparent strain, = h  x fS

d  x ES

(250 − 84.63) 11.8

= ×
(200 − 84.63) 200 × 10

= 0.085 x10 8.5×10

-3 -5

Strain due to stiffening effect of concrete in flexure for

limiting design surface crack width of 0.2 mm,

= b  h  x  a ' x 
3ES AS  d  x 

Where, - distance from the compression face to the

point at which the crack width is being
calculated
In this case, = h
b h  x
2

=
3ES AS  d  x 

1000(250 − 84.63)
3 × 200 × 10 × 2095 × (200 − 84.63)

= 0.19 x10 1.9×10

-3 -4

Average strain, = ε1 - ε2
= (0.85-1.9) x10
-4

= -0.10 x10
-3

Since the average strain ( ) is negative (the apparent strain is

less than the strain due to stiffing effect of concrete in flexure),
cracking will not occur in the face which is under tension in
flexure
Therefore, check for design crack width in mature concrete due
to flexural loading is satisfied

cl.2.6.2.3 Minimum steel requirement.

BS 8007 = 0.0035