Russian Literature XLIV (1998) 409-432

North-Holland

K HPOBJIEME FEHE3HCA CTATYAPHOFO MHt:I)A B

IIO93HH HOCHq:,A BPOJ~CKOFO (1965-1971 FF.)

BHKTOP B. tOXT

B TBOpqecTBe MHOFHX ~OCTaTOqHO pa3nHqHbIX aBTOpOB CTaTy~ (HaMgT-

HHK, MOHyMeHT, 6IOCT n T. n.) qacTO o6peTaeT CTaTyc CeMHOTr~eCKn Map-
KHpOBaHHOFO JtBYleHH~I,BHHMaTeJIbHblI~ alia.rill3 KOTOpOFO Cl'IOCO6eH IIpo-
IICHHTb cyt~eCTBeHHbIe qepTbI HO3THqecKoro MHpa B t~eJIOM. CTaTyg CBN-
3alia c TaKHMH Ba)KHelYIII/HMH OHHO3HI~HJtMH, KaK, BO-IIepBbIX~ " n p H p o ~ a
- KynbTypa', a, BO-BTOpbIX~ "~HHaMHKa -- CTaTHKa'. B nocJIe~IHeM cJiyqae
oco6bi~I ttHTepec IIpe~CTaBYlgIOT ~Ba B3aHMOrlpoTttBOIIOCTaBJIeHHI, IX MO-
THBa, OHHCbIBaIOII~He OTHOI_IIeHH~I,BO3HHKaIOIII~e Me)I(~y )I<HBbIM H MepT-
BIaIM, eCTeCTBeHHbIM H HCKyCCTBeHHbIM~ qeJIOBeKOM H BembIO" MOTHB
O)KHBaIOII~el~l CTaTyH (CTaTHKa --> ~HHaMHKa) H MOTHB KaMeHeIOI~erO qe-
JIOBeKa (~HHaMHKa --> CTaTHKa).
O r n y 6 o r n x KOpHaX CTaTyapHoro Mnqba B pyCCKOIt anTepaType CBH-
;~eTeabCTByeT ony6smKOBaHHag e m e a 1937 r. pa6oTa P. ~lKO6COHa 'CTa-
Tyg B nOaTHqecKoi~ MrlqbOJIOrnrI I-lymrHHa' (J~KO6COH 1987). Hoa3n~t
~ B a n ~ a T o r o BeKa ~aeT I4ccne~OBaTeYDIM 6oraTbll~ MaTepI,IMl, rlOKaMeCT
e m e a ~OCTaTOqHOII CTeIIeHH HeH3yqeHHblII. I/IcTOpHKaM J/HTepaTypbI
elite npe~CTOHT BblCTpOHTb BCeO61,eMnIO~yIO XpOHOJIOFHIOH THHOJIOrHIO
CTaTyapHOFO MHqba, B KOTOpblX ~On)KHOe MeCTO 3aH~nI4 6hi CTOJIb pa3-
2II,IqHbIe npoH3Be)IeHrIg, KaK 'lllarH KoMartaopa' H 'CTaTy~' A. BnOKa,
'Me;am, i~ Bca;~rmK' Ba~. HBaHOBa r~ 'K Me;aHOMy BCa~Hm<y' B. BpmcoBa,
'~apcKocenbcKa,q CTaTyg' H 'PeKBneM' A. AXMaTOBOIt, ' H o c n e ~ n a a neTcp-
6 y p r c K a a CKa3Ka' n ' t O 6 n n e i t H o e ' B. M a z r o B c K o r o - BnnOT~, ~o 'HaM~T-
Hm<a' Jt. CMengKOBa, 'HO~HOrO ~ 0 3 0 p a ' A. FanHqa, 'Banaa;~b~ o naMZT-
HHKe' B. BbIcOI~KOrO, ' A n o n n o H a B cHeFy' A. K y m H e p a H MHorHx ~pyrHx

0304-3479/98/$19.00 © 1998 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.

410 Bt4rrop B. tOxr

CTHXOB, HalIHCaHHblX B IIOCJIejIHHe JIOC~ITHJIeTHSI. HOOTb0MJIOMbIM aJIO-

MOHTOM RaHHOFO CMbICJIOBOFO p~Ra ~IB$I~IIOTC~ITeKCTbI l~poRcKoro, B KO-
TOpbIX B TOI~IHJIH HHOit CTeHeHH MaHHqbeCTHpyeTC~I CTaTyapHbIlt MHdp.
I-IOa3H$I ]~pO~CKOFO n p e R n a r a e T HHTepIIpeTaTOpy CTaTyapHoro MH-
qba 6oraTbiIt, pa3HOO6pa3Hbltt H ~OCTaTOqHO TpyjIHbll~I MaTepHa$l. OJIHaKO
e r o m a p o T a -- He e~tHCTBeHHaa rlpHqltHa, nO KOTOpOI~ paMKa HaCTO~I-
t t t e r o 1 4 c c a e ~ o a a a a a o r p a H H q e n b I 1965 14 1971 r r . CTaTb~l o x a a T b m a e T
JIHllIb COMb .rIOT, T. e., nO CyTH, MeHblLIe ORHOI~I II~ITOII TBopqecKoFo n y T a
n o a T a , HO 14MeHHO aTH ro~tbl npe~cTaBJi~IOT, Ha 14am B3FJIJtJ~, OC06bI~t
HHTepOc I4 Tpo6yIOT HpHCTa.rIbHOFO BHHMaHHJI.
"/-IocJIO TOFO, KflK ]~poJ~CKHI~I 6JIaronoJIyqHO BepHyJIc~I a COBOpHylO
CTOnmty na ceaepHoi~ CCblJIKH, OH X(HJI B JIeHnarpa~Ie OTHOCHTeJIb140 ClIO-
KOiaHO, 14 ero noa3H~l CTaHOa14~acb ace 6o~ee 14 6 o n e e 3peJIO~", - n a c a ~
06 aTOM nep14o~ae Kapn Ilpoqbqbep a 1971 r. (Hpoqbqbep 1986: 132). H o 3a
B14J~HMblM Cl-IOKOl~ICTB14eMn p o M e X y T r a Me~<~y CCbLIIKOI~II4 BbI14-1y)Kj~e14HOI~
aMHFpaR14e~ CKpbIaaJ~cfl F~y6OKVlI~i~yXOBHblI~ KpHaHC, qbH 14OCJIejICTB14~
He 3aMe~J~14~I14 oTpa3HTbC~t a 1-10931414Bpoj~CKOFO.
I-Ip14qHHbI aTOFO Kpn314ca 06Hapy>I<HBaIOTCfl KaK BO BHyTpeHHeM
Mnpe 140aTa, TaK H BOBHe. HaqHeM C BH~LLIHHX qbaKTOpOa, BO3J~01~CTBylO-
IR14X Ha BCeX, KOMy abInaJIO )K14Tb B TOM 14JIH 14HOM xpo14-IO$1OF14q0CKOM
cpeae, 14 J~OCTylI14bIX~ a x e CTOpOHHeMy Ha6n~ojxaTen~o. XojI pOCCHHI~ICKOI~
14CTOp1414 H14KOFJIa He 6blJI paB140MepHbIM, a OCO6OHHO -- B J~BaJIILaTOM CTO-
JIOT1414. [IepHoJ~HqecKH aaq14Ha.rlO Ka3aTbCfl, qTO IIOCJIO a3pblBHblX, cKaq-
KOO6pa3HbIX CO6blT141~IapeMJt 3aMe~ifleT CBOit 6 o r 14 BOT-BOT OCTaHOB14TC~I
Haacer~a. TaK 6blJ~O, HarlpriMep, B KOHILe 40-X FOJ~OB; BOT HTO 1414ILIOTCa14-
~eTeab o 314Me 1948-1949 rr.:

~TO 6r.17I CaMbll~l CTpallIHbIl~, CaMbll~lHelIO,RB14...~HblIYl H3 Hocae-

BOeHHhlX FOJIOB. Po)KjIa.rIOCh KaKOe-TO erHrleTCKOe ontymeHHe
OKaMeH~BLIJeFO H CTaBIMeFO FocyJIapCTBeHHblM BpeMeHH. AHTH-
CeMHTCKa~I KaMnaHH~I, HOBa~I BOJIHa apeCTOB, e>xero~Hoe Bce-
~tapoaHoe H3yqeHHe 'HCTOpHH BKI'I(6)' rx TpyJ~OB IIO ~IaHKO-
3HaHHIO, nb~mnoe npa3~toBaitHe CeMH~eC~ITH~eTHg CTa~riHa,
"IIOTOK rlpHBeTCTBI4tt', He nCCaKaBtuni~, x a x e T c a , ~to CaMO~t ero
CMepTH, 3.rlOBeLI_[HI~XIX C'be3j~- Bce 3TO CTaHOBHJIOCbCHMBOffIOM
HOBOI~ 3rIOXH, o6etRaBRlePl, qTO OHa 6yReT BertH011.
(aRecb H Ranee B RHTaTax KypCHB MOI~I - - B. IO.; HOJIHBaHOB
1993: 500)

H e q T o IIO~OOHOe, XOTfl, eCTeCTBeHHO, C HHOit HHTOHCHBHOCTbIO,npOHaO-

IIIffIO pOBHO J~BajIILaTb JIeT clIyCT~I. C IIOCJIeJ~HHMH Ha~O>KJ~aMH xpyLROB-
CKOI~I OTTeIIeJIH 6bI$IO HOKOHqeHO, JIIO6bIe IIOIIbITKH KaK-TO OqO$IOBOr'IHTb
COILHadIH3M o K a a a n n c b o6peqeHHblMH Ha n p o B a n . BHyTpH CTpaHbI y)KeC-
TOqHJIC~I HjIOOYIOFHqeCKHI~IFHeT, yqaCTHJIHCb HpoILeCCbI Ha~ HHaKOMblC$I~I-
 CTaTyapHbra Mndp B noa~nn Bpo~croro 411

II~HMH. Bo aHemHeit ~Ke riOHHTHKeHaH6oHee xapaKTepHb~M CHMIITOMOM

CTaJIO yCMHpeHHe "MHTe)KHOI~I" LI~xoCHOBaKHH. COBeTCKag TOTa.rlHTapHas[
HMnepHg BcTyrIHHa B n e p n o ~ OKOCTeHeHHH H OMepTBeHHff. BpeMH, Ka3a-
HOCb, 6~LqO ynpa3/~HeHO.
B OTJ~HqHe OT BHemHHX, nHyTpeHHne apHqHHbI cKpbITt,I OT rIOCTO-
pOHHero B3rHg,aa H Tpy;aHO no~aaIOTCH aHaJIa3y. TeM 60Hee qTO nonSITKH
HaHpHMyIO Cag3aTb oapeReHeHHbI~t ~Taa TBopqecKoI~ ~BOJIIOIXHH C onpe-
~eHeHHbIM H3FH60M >KH3HeHHOFO IIyTH Hepe~KO ripHBO~KHT K rio~MeHe:
BMeCTO nO~THqecKriX TeKCTOB 06~eKTOM nccHe;aOBaHnH CTaHOBHTCH 6~o-
rpaqbaH no~Ta, qTO6SI H36e~raTb nO~O6HSIX yrIpeKOB, orpaHHqrIMCg
HHmb KOHCTaTaRHe~t HaH6oHee o 6 t t t e r o H, Ha H a m B3FHH~, 6eccHopHoFO
BbIBOXa: CO BTOpOI~IIIOHOBHHbI 60-X FOROB l-lO93Hg BpORCKOFO BCe CHHbHee
HpOHH3bIBaeTcH qyBCTBOM KaTaCTpOqbHqHOCTH 6blTHg. BHHMaTeHbHbIe
HHTeprIpeTaTOpbI yHOBHHH 3TOT riepeHoM; cp., HanpHMep, MHeHHe I4.
IIIagtTaHOBa rio riOBO~y CTHXOTBOpeHHH ' P e q b 0 ripOHHTOM MOHOKe'
(1967):

~O 3TOFO MbI tlHTaJlH CTHXH HHTeJIJIHFeHTHOFOMOJIO,ROFOqeJlO-

BeKa, o~apeHHOFO, nHLy]-Rero ce6~l, qHTaIOIReFo ;apyrI,IX. TeIlepb
n e p e ~ HaMrl -- ,~eaoaer nOTpacenrlblfI, BB1fHTBII~H3 npexHeia
Xrlznn. (RIa~tTaHOB1988: 54)

E c a a B paHHHX CTttXaX BpO~CKOrO Mnp 6bLrl riO~BH)KHbIM, ToKyqHM, 6 y p -

HHU.LttM, TO C cepexriHbi 60-x roJ10B Ha CMeHy "pOMaHTttqeCKOMy" BocHprI-
HTttlO peaHbHOCTH ripHxoxHT KaqeCTBeHHO HHOI~I B3FHg,K: JIHmeHHblIl HH-
JnOaHi~, cyxo~t n XOHOi~HbI~t. necHyqai~HO, qTO HMeHHO CO BTOpOI~I riOHO-
BHHbI ~eCHTHHeTHg CKyHblITypa KaK BOrIHOII~eHHaH CTaTHKa n p e B p a I ~ a e T -
Cg B riOCTOHHHblI,~IKOMIIOHeHT I-I09THqeCKOFO MHpa BpO~CKOFO.
FHy6oKHe H T p a r H q e c K a e n e p e M e H b i B MHpoBocHprIHTrtH n o a T a
MO)KHO HpOHHHIOCTpHpOBaTb cHexyIotKHMH ~HTaTaMH:

B 6blJ1ble ~tri H ~ n e p e ~ n ~ a ~
XOJIOJ~HblI~I~O)K~b IIO~ KOJ/OHHa~Offl Brip~Kri.
H HoJ1ara.q, tiTO ~TO -- ~O)I(HI~I;aap.
H, Mox<eT 6blTb, ne omn6a.qcs. Bbx~ ~Ke
H ~I KoF~a-TO cqaCTJIHB. )t(M.rI B rlJleny
y anreJIOB. Xo~rlJI Ha Byp~a.qaKOB.
C6eraBmym n o ~eCTHmte O~;Hy
KpacaBmty B napa~HOM, KaK HaKOB,
HO~CTeperaJI.
Ky~a-To naacer~a
y//Lr/o BCe 3TO. Cllp,qTaJlOCb.
('HoqTrt azerna'; 1968; 2, 72) 1
412 BtlKTOp B. IOxT

FeHepa.q! M14e Bce Ha.~oe.rlO. MHe

CKy~H KpeCTOBBI~t nOXO~. MHe CKyr.leH
BI4~ 3aCTblBHJI4X B MOeM OKHe
Fop, nepe~ecKoB, peqtlblX H3JIyql,lH.
Fl~oxo, e~<e~14 M14p BOB14e
143yqeH TeM, KTO BHyTp14 n3My~tett.
('II14CbMO reHepa~y Z.; 1968; 2, 87)

BCC OT.l(OflOflOCb...
H BpeM~. t4 cy;~J~6a. 14 o cy~b6e...
OcTa.rlacb TOJIBKOrlaM~ITh 0 ce6e,
14erpoMKni~ ro~oc.
('Pa3roBop c He6o~14Te~eM'; 1970; 2,213)

Bcze~ 3a KaTaCTp0qbO~l lqpHxo~HT OldeIIeHeHlle. BHelLIHHI~I MVlp OKa3BI-

BaeTc~ TOqHOI~I KOrIFIe~ MHpa BHyTpeHHeFO B TOM CMBICJIe, qTO ~iytua q e -
JIOBeKa TaK >Ke HeriO~IBH>KHa, KaK H 3aOKOHHblI~I l:e~3a)K. B CTHXaX Bpo~I-
CKOFO 06Hapy)KrIBalOTC~ pa3HOOOpa3HbIe dpFI3FIqeCKVIe aHa~OFHH ~IyXOB-
HOFO COCTO$IHH~I qeJIOBeKa: 3aLue~imee s TyI-IHK BOI~CKO, OCTblBalOIIIFII~
nerieJ~, cyxoi~ qbOHTaH, 3 a M e p 3 a t o i ~ a ~ Bo~la I4 T. ~I. B ' [ I e c H e IlyCTOI~ Be-
parta~,I' (1968) s3rJ~a~ n o 3 T a , o 6 p a m e a n ~ , i i ~ S nycToi~ caJI, a a x o ; a a T c s o e
o T p a m e n n e S rO~OM KycTe n nTntte, p a 3 y q n B m e ~ c ~ rieTS:

MapT Ha ncxo~Ie, 14 c a r MO~ HyCT.

CTapaa nTmla, ca~b Ha KyCT,
y KOTOpOro B 3TOT ~Iettb
TOJ'IbKO 14 eCTb, qTO Teltb.

By,TO H He 6hi JI0 TeX mecTri

neT, Korea OH .rnO6Hn ttBeCTrl;
TO eCTh r p ~ y t t t e e TeM, qTO Hat,
~ieslaeT flCHbll~l 3HaK.
[..]
TO, qTO llBeJlO I4 ~O6H.rlO rleTb,
eTa.riO TeM, qTO HeJIb3~l TeprleTb
6e3 COCTpa~altbn - ~le r 14x cy~Ib6e,
no r CaMOMy ce6e.
(2, 69)

3~Iecb rIo~Be~leH HTOF m e c T r i ro~laM "LtBeTeHb~" H " r i e H b g " -- pOMaH-

THqeCKOMy HaqaJ/bHOMy n e p H o ~ y , OTKy~Ia riO:gT 6BIJI BblTOJIKHyT B MFIp
CTaTHKH H OCTblBILIHXqyBCTB.
Heo6xo~IHMO c~lenaTb cJie~iy~ott~y~o OFOBOpKy: KoHeqHo :;~Ke, CTaTyg
BcTpe~aeTcs H B paHHnX (~0 1965 r.) CTaXax. ~OCTaTOqHO SCriOMHHTb
'F~arozbf (1960):
 CTaTyapHbll~i MHq~ B HO:9314tl Bpo,llCKOFO 413

Ka~<;aoe yTpo OHH I4~yT Ha pa6oTy,

paCTBOp MeIIIaIOT H KaMHH TacKaIOT,
HO, BO3BO,II.,ql"OpO,/~, BO3BO~$ITHe ropo,l~,
a C06CTBeHHOMy ORHHOqeCTByHaMJ/TH/4KBO3JIBHFalOT.
(1, 41)

HJIH He BK.rIIOqeHHbIe B COtlIIHeHHSlCTHXH O "flaM.'lTHt'IKe .rI:X'<H"(EpoqbeeB

1990: 210), KOTOpbli~ e m e pa3 BO3HHKHeT B nOgMe 'Fop6yHOB H FopqaKOB'
(1965-1968):

~q HaMSITHHKOM H ~ H
corHaceH CTaTb, qTO6 HpaBHyKH H BHyKH
Mile Ha FOHOByKHaHH!"He 6Haa<H".
(2, 131)

HJIH HaqHHaIOl~eeCfl C OTKpOBeHHO HpoHHqHOI~I KHTaTbI, O6bIrpbIBaIOtRel~

Tpa~rIttHm FopaLtHg -- ~ep~<aBHna -- HytHKrIHa, CTHXOTBOpeHHe "~I n a -
M,qTHHK BO3~BHF c e 6 e HHOIYI!.." (BpORCKHI~ 1990: 12). ORHaKO HpHBejIeH-
HbIe H nORO6HbIe HM KOHTeKCTbI, BO-nepBblX, HeMHOFOHHCJIeHHbI, a, BO-
BTOpblX, H3BaJtHHe npeRcTaeT B HHX cKopee IIOBepXHOCTHblM, BHelIIHe-
aJIJIIO3HI~IHbIM aTpH6yTOM, qeM oTpa~<eHHeM FYly6HHHbIX q e p T IIO~THqeC-
KOFO MHpa. YlHtub B CTHXaX, HanHCaHHbIX B CCbLUKe, CTaTyapHbIe MOTHBbI,
c o x p a H f f g peMHHHCKeHTHblI~ xapaKTep, KaK B 'HeOKOHqeHHOM OTpbIBKe'
(1966):

Ho 03HMH, BeHHHHHHOHHbl,
cIlacagcb OT HeCHOF0 rapHH3OHa,
FOTOBbl IlpeBpaTHTbCg B B~IyHhl,
KaX HHMdpbl H3 Ho6aceHoK Ha30Ha
(2, 14)

yrny6n~mTC~ H 06peTaIOT aBTO6HorpaqbHqeCKnlt, HCnOBe~anbHbIlI

CMblCJI:

nycTb (He BHHH: 3T0 He cy~0 HOMHflTHOIOI.RH:

B )KH3HH eCT5 ,B~HH,r~e He cnacyT qeCTHOCTb H KylKH.
3aFHaItHM~ 3Bepb CTaTy~ HeBRa C ROKOHg c6pOCHT,
H6o, nosepb, Hmt~H cepntta c MepTBOrO cnpocgT.
('Ho~pamaHHe CaTHpaM, COqHHeHHbIM I(aHTeMHpOM. Ha 06~eK-
THBHOCTb';1966; 2, 8)

BO3HHKaeT MOTHB "IIaMJtTHHKa CaMOMy c e 6 e ' , KOTOpbIPl BHOCJIe~CTBHH

CTaHeT HHBapHaHTHbIM:
414 BIIKTOp B. IOxr

Ma~ITH14K 0 RByX l t o r a x
B K14p30BblX c a n o r a x ,
THKalOII~HI~ B 1436e
rip14 xo:Ib6e.
[...1
I"IaM$1THI41~CaMOMy
c e 6 e , ORHOMy,
He BCa~HHK C KOIIbeM,
He O6eJI14CK-
BBepx OCTp14eM
RHCK.
("MaUTH14K 0 RByx n o r a x . . . ' ; 1965; 1 , 4 2 4 )

HecnyqalIno, qTO npHCTaJIhHOe npoqTeHrie HaqanbHbIX CTpOK OjIHOrO H3

CTI4XOTBOpeHHI~I'Ha CMep/b T. C. ~}JIHOWa'(1965):

ArIoJLrlOH, CHI,IM14 BeHOK,

noJ~o>K14 e r o y HOt
~JIHOTa KaI< npe~eJ~
JL/Ig 6eCCMepThH B MHpe TeJI --
(1,412)

rlOj1BO~HT HCCJIeJIOBaTeJIa K BblBO~y 0 TOM, qTO " H a CMeHy YIO~ITHKe 'SturlI1

und Drang', paHHell 'HJIn~O3HH H :lopore' npHXO:IHT nO~THKa IIO3bl, IIO~}-
3Ha CTaTyapHoro pHTOpH~ecKoro >KecTa" (Ka~OMHpOB 1986: 221). Pa3 B
Mnpe Bce Hascer:la petueHo, n ;IBH>KeHHe Be cnoco6HO aTO-na60 H3Me-
HHT~, npe;InoaTeHne OT:laeTca Heno;IBHa<HOCTH:

3 a q e M Ky~a-TO pBaTbCSl I43 :IBoptta -

OTqH3He Mbl He cy~bH. Me~ cyx~a

HoFp~I3HeT B Hal.HeM C06CTBeHHOM II030pe:
HacJ1ejl:HHXH H BnaCTb S qy)KHX pyKax.
KaK xopomo, qTO He nnblSyT cyJIa!
K a x x o p o t u o , ~TO 3aMep3aeT MOpe!
('Anno Domini'; 1968; 2, 66)

fIHl.l.leHHOe p e 3 y n b T a T a J~BH:>I<eHHe O6eCCMblCJIHBaeTCJt H CTaHOBHTCR HHK-

tI6MHblM. 3 ~ e C h X a p a K T e p H b I M r l p H M e p O M I/BJI~IeTCJI CTHXOTBOp{~HHe "~I
Bhlnma raaHpoBasHoia BOj~bI..." (1968). Ero nHpHqecr,ntt report ( " a ' ) , pac-
npoulaBtUHcb C repoHHeR ("TbI"), oKaabIBaeTcs o6peqeaHbIM Ha HenpHKa-
flHHOCTb H O~HHOHeCTBO cpeJIH ~eCqHCJIeHHblX, HO B p a B H O ~ CTeIIeHH
qy:h~HX H qy:>K~blX, BOIIJIOIIIeHHI~ T p ~ T b e r O nHt~a:
 C r a T y a p H ~ l M n ~ B nO~3nn BpO~iCKOrO 415

PI3 MeTpOIIOJIHTeHOBCKOrOropJIa
CKBO3b 'ITpHHKeTbl Macca eCTeCTBa,
r a ~ qepHbfll qbapm H3 M s c o p y 6 r n , n e p a a .
qyryHHOrO MaxcHMb~qa CIIHHa
MagqHJla, :>Ky~:)KaJ-IOMOTO-Be.rlO,
HeCOIHCb TaKCH, rpy3HHCKag llIlIaHa,
B~eI'IHBIIIHCb B pO3bl, 6~IIICHO peBeJ]a.
(2, 68)

K a a a J i o c b 6hi, Heno~BrDKHa~ qbHrypa "qyryHHOrO MaKcnMb~qa" (nO-BKII~t-

MOMy, IIaM~ITHI4K A . M. I'opbKoMy BO3JIe B e n o p y c c r o r o BOK3a.rta) ~O~I:>KHa
BOCripHHHMaTbCg r a t gBHa~I aHTHTe3a 6e3oCTaHOBOqHO ]~BH)KylKeftCR
TOnrie. O:~HaKO OHa He B~IqneHaeTCg H3 o~py>Ka~oateft peanbHOCTH, He
r i p o T ~ a o n o c T a a a a e T c g eft, H aHTaTe3a ":~B~a<eHHe -- n o r o f t " CHHMaeTCa B
3aKJIIOqHTeJ~bHbIX CTpOKaX:

KpacaBmta yexa.ria.
HH cJle3,
HH MblCJlel~l,HaCT]4Fa~OR~HXrIo~pyry.
OFHH, CTOJITIOTBOpeHHeKOYleC,
lIpHrO~ll~lX J-IHllIbK ~BH)KeHHIO IIO Kpyry.
(2, 68)

B y p n a t u a g npHBOKaa~IbHag TOJIna, HeCMOTpfl Ha Btt,RHMOCTb ~BH3KeHHg,

OKa3bIBaeTCg BO BJIaCTH Bceno6e~<~a~otueft CTaTHKH He B MeHbUIeft Mepe,
qeM qyryHHl~Ift MOHyMeHT; BOMb eCYlH e~I4HCTBeHHO BO3MO)I<HOI~ {l)opMoft
n e p e M e i ~ e H H ~ B npocTpaHCTBe CTaHOBHTCg "~BH)I(eHHe riO K p y r y ' , TO
c a M a H~e~ ~BH)KeHHg ~HcKpe~IHTHpyeTc~. A H a ~ o r n q H y ~ o KOHI~OBKy B
eII~e 60JIee aHTHTeTHqHOft, ~ 0 r i a p a j I o r c a 3aocTpeHHOft qbopMe, HaXO~HM
a HanHCaHHOM ~ByMg ro~aMri rio3RHee CTriXOTBOpeHri~t ')KeJTTag KypTKa'
(1970):

l-lpoxJIa~Inblfl ReHb. Cblpoe IIOJIOTHO

na~ neperpecaxoM. Cxo~<ee c Ml4tUeHhIO
pa3Ma3aHHoe >KenTOe ngTHO;
HORBH>KHOe, n o ,~y~,~oe ,iT.BH.,,~KeHbIO.
(2,229>

3]~eCb BHelJ_IHgg ]~HHaMHqHOCTb Ho~pOCTKa B )KeJITOft KypTKe ripOTHBO-

riOCTaBJIgeTC~I eFO BHyTpOHHeft HelIO~BH)KHOCTH. EFO qbrirypa, BO3HHKaJt
Ha qbOH0 qyryHHOft o r p a ~ h I , cHaqaJ~a Hpe~CTaBJIHeTC~I e e HeOT~eJIHMOft
qaCThIO H a n o ~ o 6 H e Jri4TOrO H306pa)KeHHg F o p r o H b I , 0 KOTOpOM HaM eII~e
npe~CTOriT noroBOpHTb. ~a>Ke OTOpBaBmriCb OT o r p a ~ h I H 6pOCHBmHCb
~OFOHJITb aBTO6yC, OH He B CHJIaX n p e o ~ o n e T b BHyTpeHH~OZO CTaTHqHOCTb,
416 BI4KTOp B. IOXT

r o c n o ] 1 c T a y m m y m ri BO BHemHeM, npe>roIe Bcero - COIl~naJIbHOM, MrIpe, n

B CO6CTBeHHO~ ]1ytue.
O]1HHM H3 CHMrlTOMOB nepexo]1a B p o ] 1 c r o r o r 1/03TI4re 3aCTb~Bmel~
I103bI gBJ-DIIOTCgy q a m a m m n e c ~ c cepe]1HHbI 60-x FO]1OB pO]1CTBeHHBIe MO-
THBBI 3aTBCp,ReHI4,¢I H cyXOCTtl;

J;I OCTaB.rlfllODTy HHBy TeM )Ke,

KaKHM B3omeJ~ g Ha Hee. Ho Tar )Ke
g 3aTBep,~Ie~, Kar repry~aHyM B neM3e.
H s n a a sac He RIeaeabHy pyroll.
('O;n~o~ noaTecce'; 1965; 1,431)

IIIarnya 3a Py6riron,
Oit ~aTnep~ea OT l-lel~C~0 renriTa.rln~.
('HoacBeqn)tr'; 1968; 2, 90)

CMOTp)t 6e3 cyeTb~

Bnepe~. Ha3a~
6e3 y~<aca CMOTpm
By~b rlp~IM H rop~I,
paa~po6J1eH H3HyTpH,
Ha omyrll, TBep,R.
("Ha npeHHa c CaM~M..."; 2, 193)

I-IocJie]1Hee CTHXOTBOpeHHe, He]1aTHpOBaHHOe )i OTHeCeHHOe COCTaBHTe-

JleM COtfI4HeH141YlK 60-M ro]1aM, HHTepecHo He TOJIbKO TeM, qTO B HeM Kpe-
]10 tIO3Ta no]1qepKHBaeTcH BbIHeCeHrIeM KpaTKOI~ qbOpMbI rIpHJIaraTeJIb-
HOFO "TBep]I" B "CHJ~bHyIO" HO3HRHIO -- HM 3aKaHqHBaeTCg TeKCT, HO H
TeM, qTO "TBep~OCTb" H "pa3]1pO6YleHHOCTb", OKa3aBmHCb COCe]1JIMH, n p e -
BpaI~aIOTCg BO B3artMO]1OnOJ~HgIO~He KaqeCTBa. rlapa~JieJibHO co CTaTy-
apHbIM MHqbOM B TBopqeCTBe Bpo]1CKOFO BCe 60JIbmyIO pOJIb HaqHHaIOT
HrpaTb ]1HaJIeKTHqeCKH C HHM CBg3aHHble MOTHBbI: BO-IlepBblX, MOTHB
pacna,~a ri pazBaaHH (IOxT 1994a) n, BO-BTOpbIx, MOTnB OCrO~ra, rOTO-
pbIi~ MaHnqbecTHpyeTca B Re~OM pa]Ie ceMaHTriqecrr! 6JIrI3rrix C~OB:
"06JIOMOK", " o r y p o r " , "orapoK", "orpbI3OK", "06MbIJIOr" H T. ]I. -- BrlJIOTb
]10 " q a c T n p e q n ' , ocTamu~ei~ca "OT Bcero q e a o B e r a " (2, 415).
ECTeCTBeHHblM pe3yJIbTaTOM n p o R e c c a 3,:'?tTBep,ReHtI.,q B I/_IHpOKOM
CMblCJIe CJIOBa CTaHOBHTC~I TO, qTO )KH3HeHHblI~I KOHTHHyyM B e e qatRe ri
q a t R e HaqHHaeT BOCrlpHHHMaTbCH B BH]1e cepHri ]114cKpeTHblX H CTaTHq-
HbIX CHTyaRHIt. T a r , ce6g caMoro nO~T qbHrcHpyeT B HeI-IO]1BH)rHOCTH, B
r J I y 6 o r o i t 3a~yMqHBOCTH, B r~o3e, 3acTaBJigtottte~t BCrlOMHFITb ' M b I c J I H T e -
z a ' O. Po]1eHa:
 C T a I y a p H b l i ¢ MI'I(]) B 110.93Itl/I Bpo~croro 417

I4 KaK-TO B HO3~,.HHI~ q a c
¢KtI¢~7 g Ha pa3Ba~HHaX a6cK~bl.
('OCTaHosra s nycTbXHe'; 1966; 2, 12)

B Hoaoro~rllOlO HOqb .q CH.,.~y Ha CTyJle.

[...]
,q cn~cy Ha cTyne a 6onbmo~t raapTripe.
H n a r a p a r . q o r o q e T B nyCTOM C0pTripe.
~I ce6~ ottwtttaio MnIJaeHb~O B Tripe,
B3,KparHBato l'ipll Ma.riel~liIieM CTyKe. 2
('Pe,~b o nponriTOM M o a o r e ' ; 1967; 2, 36)

.,q cH.,~y Ha CKaMbe

S napre, r~g~ 8ocae~
npoxo~e~ CeMbe.
M n e onpoTnBe~ caeT.
('HaTmpMOpT'; 1971; 2, 270)

J;t c~4~v:y y OKHa. 3a OKHOM OCHHa.

J;t JItO6riJl HeMHOrrix. O a H a r o - CH2IbHO.
("~I Bceraa Tsep~nJl, YTO cynb6a - r i r p a . . . ' ; 1971; 2 , 2 7 6 )

B nocJIe~IHeM CTHXOTBOpeHHI4 qbpaaa ",q Crl:h,<y y OKHa", ylZOTpe6JIeHHag

lIleCTb p a 3 , n p e B p a t K a e T ~ByCTHLLIHR, cJIe,KyIoIIIcl4e 3a Kaw,jIbIM KaTpeHOM,
B CBOeO6pa3HhIe pedppeHbI, rfOBTOpeHHe O~IHHaKOBhIX CJ/OB B pa3JIHqHbIX
KOHTeKCTaX c03~IaeT H/IJHO3HIO MOHOTOHHOI'O H 6eCCMbICJIeHHOFO Kpy:sKe-
HHfl, BeqHOrO Bo3BpatKeHHR Ha O~IHO H TO :~<e MeCTO.
B o c n p I 4 ~ T H e ~ H H a M H q H O r O M H p a B BH~e IIOCJIe~IOBaTe~bHOCTH
"CTOFI-Ka~poB", BO3HHKag HHTyHTI4BHO, OC03HaeTCR FIO3TOM H CTaHOBHTCfl
npe~MeTOM peqbaeKcnri:

Tbl c.rlo;~<H.qa pyKH Ha 3eYlCHb H.rlaTbfl,

He pricKy~ rix pacKpbIaaTb B O61,~lTbg.

IV
~ a H H a g Ho3a, n p n BCel~ npriSl3H)i,
3TO J l y q m a g reMMa/Via Hamei~l )KH3HH.
I 4 0 H a -- O T m O ~ He He~Bn~(H0CTb. 9TO --
anoqbeo3 s Hac caMnx rIpe~MeTa:
3aMelia CMHpeHbSl rlpOCTblM IIOKOeM.
('Flpo~a~tTe, Ma~eMya3e~b B e p o H n r a ' ; 1967; 2, 50-51)

O T c l O ~ a -- O~HH JIHILIb t u a r K 3 a M e H e qeJIOBeKa CTaTyel~I, T. e. Bel_l.~bIO,

rlpe~MeTOM, a IIOpTpeTa -- HaTIOpMOpTOM. LIeJ/OBeK r l o p o l l cpaBHHBaeTC,q
418 Bt4rTOp B. IOXT

~ a > ~ e He C H3Ba~[HHeM, a C a p x H T e K T y p H b ~ M 06"beKTOM; BOT, K ~IpHMepy,

n o a T n q e c r n ~ aaTonOpTpeT n a ' P a 3 r o ~ o p a c n e 6 o ~ < n T e a e M ' (1970):

[...] c m o n o a
KpoFI~I ycTa B3aMeH KacTa.rlbCKOI~IB~iarrl,
KpeH~ICb I-IH3aHCKOI~ 6 a m n e m r 6yMare
BO TBMe HOtlHOI~I.
(2,209)

CTaTyapHbIe IIOTeH~HH 06Hapy>KHBaIOTCfl B ~OCTaTOqHO HeO)KH~aHHbIX

CHTyaI~HIIX. CyII~eCTByeT pff~ TeKCTOB, B KOTOpbIX H3BaffHHe HeIIOCpe)~-
CTBeHHO He yIIOMHHaeTCff, HO eFO He3pHMOe I-IpHCyTCTBHe Hl-I~yI~HpyeTCJI
KOHTeKCTOM. T a ~ , e ' 3 z e r r m ' (1968) HpOTHBOHOCTflBJIffIOTCJI ;~sa CO6bI-
THR, HpOHCILIe~ILIHe B pa3HOe BpeM.q, HO B O~HOIYI H TOlY[ 3Ke TOqKe"

O~Ha>K~IJ~I :3TOT IO>KHblfl r o p o ~ o K

6bl.rI MeCTOM M o e r o CBr~aHb~ C a p y r o M ;
Mbl o6a 6birth MOaO~U n BCTpeqy
HaaHaqH~n ~pyr ~pyry na MOJly,
coopyTKeIttlOM B ~peBHOCTH.
(2, 101)

~aBHee CBtI~aHHe aHTHTeTHqeCKH COOTHOCHTCff C HblHeUIHHM O~ItHoqecT-

BOM nOgTa, oKa3aBmeroc~[ Ha TOM )Ke CaMOM 6 e p e r y :

I/[ BOT ,q CHOBa

CTOIO3~ecr, m, inqe eeqepoM. HrmTO
MeHa He acTpeTrm. )Ia rl CaMOMy
Mne HeKOMy cKaaaTb y>re: npn~Iri
Ty~a-TO rl TouIa-TO.
[...l
Ha apeBHeM KaM~xes CWOmO;anU,
neqazb MO~ He OCKBepH~eT~peBItOCTb -
ycyry6~eT.
(2, 101)

HeFIO~BH>KHOCTb q e ~ o B e r a , B 9.rIeFHqeCKOM pa3~yM~,e 3 a c T s m m e r o Ha 6 e -

p e r y , co B3F.rlff,IIOM, ycTpeM.rleHHbIM B M o p e , T. e., Ho CyTH, - B BeqHOCTb,
BMeCTe C TpOeKpaTHbIM CKBO3HblM HOBTOpOM: "B ~peBHOCTH", "Ha ~peB-
HeM KaMHe", "~peBaOCTb", 3aCTaBJLqeT BOClIpI,IHHMaTb qe.rloBeqecKyto qbtt-
r y p y KaK FI3M$1THHK CaMOMy ce6e. ~TOT MOTHB OTHOCHTC.q K qHc.rly HHBa-
pHaHTHbIX: OH n p o H n 3 b m a e T M n o r n e TeKCT~I, a a q n n a ~ c y~<e y n o M H n a s -
m H x c a "fl n a M s r n a K B o 3 ~ s n r c e 6 e n a o i l ! . . " (1962) n " M a a T n r m o ~Byx
n o r a x . . . " (1965) ~o n a x o ~ a m a x c a 3a n p e ~ e ~ a M n H b m e m e e l t CTarbn ' K o -
a b I 6 e a I , n o ~ T p e c r o B o r o Mhma' (1975) n ' A p r m ' (1987):
 CTaTyapHbIlYI MI4~ ~ rlOgat414 Bpo~tcroro 419

P03OBblI~I HCTyI<aH
3~ecb ~I ce6e IIOCTaBI4Yl.
B ~ByX illarax - oKeaH,
MeCTO BO;ab~ 6e3 rxpaBrtn.
(3,134)

CJIe~ylOIRHI~ m a r - ~eKJiapaTrlBHoe IIpH3HaHae B YlIO6BH K BelKaM:

A n m o 6 m o 6e3>KH3HeHHble BetRH
3a rpy~<eBHble oqepTanbg HX.
O/lymeBneHnblit Mrlp He MOil KyMHp.
He~BH>KHMOCTb -- OHa HHqeM He xy;~e.
('Kypc attract'; 1965; 1,430)

BpO~CKHI~ -- O~HH H3 TeX HCTHHHBIX HODTOB, KOTOpBIX, HO CJTOBaM M .

I_~BeTaeBol~, "~aYleKo 3aBO~HT p e q b " (HeCJIyqaltHO HMeHHO 9Ta RHTaTa
6 b I n a BbIHeCeHa B 3 a r n a B H e 3 c c e o Bpo~cKOM; CM. E p o ~ e e s 1990: 206).
J-IoFHqeCKHM 3aBeptUeHHeM nIO6BH K BelI.~aM COBCeM He 06~[3aTenbHO ~On-
>KHa CTaTb HeJllO6OBb K .rllO,lI.'tM, O~HaKO y BpO~CKOFO rIpOHCXO~HT HMeH-
HO TaK:

Kpoub MOH x o a o ~ a .
Xono~t ee moTe[t
peril, npoMep3i.ueIt do/IHa.
$I He mO6St~O a l o a e ~ .
('HaTIOpMOpT'; 1971; 2, 271)

I/I 3aKYlIOqHTeJ]bHbIl~ 3Tan - MeTaqbn3rtqecKoe 0 6 0 6 I K eH H e, HO~BO~gtttee

T e o p e T H q e c K y t o 6 a a y n o ~ aTO npHaHaHHe, rOTOpOe y ; a p y r o r o l~OgTa n o -
Ka3a.rlOCb 6hi HaMepeHHbIM 9naTa~<eM:

H o ~yqtue IVl~leFOBOpHTb.

0 qeM? 0 ~IIltflX,O Hoqax.

HJm >Ke - Hnqero.
HJIH ~ e O BetRax.
0 BetRax, a He 0

[...]
BemH npHgTHei~. B HI4X
lleT HH 3Yla, ltrl/Io6pa.
(2,270-271)
 420 BI4KTOp B. IOXT

J~eTCTBO H IOHOCTb, IIpOILIejIILIHe B CTOJIH~ CeB~pHOFO K.rlaCCHILH3-

Ma, rjIe CKyJIbIITypbI rlorla~alOTC~i Ha r~la3a He pe>Ke JIepeBbeB:

KaK K~eH I~ p~6HHa paCTyT y nopora,

Poc~n y n o p o r a PacTpe~In n Poccn,
I,{ Mbl OTJ'IHqaJIHa i l m p OT 6apoKKo,
KaK Brq B aTOM BoapacTe eJiH OT coceu
(Kyttmep 1978: 118)

- -aHTHqHbIO peMHHHClLeHKHtt, HeOT~e~HMbIe OT CTaTy~, 6IOCTOB, 6 a p e -

JIbeqbOB; COBpeMeHHafl COBeTCKa~ JIel~CTBHTeJIbHOGTb C 6eCqHCJIeHHbIMH
THHOBbIMH MOHyMeHTaMH "BO)K~JtM', -- BCe 9TO co3~aBa~O 6JIaro~aTHyIO
IIOqBy JLrIR pa3BHTH~[ CTaTyapHoro MHqba. B pe3yJIbTaTe B3FJIRJI IIOgTa
O6.q3aTe.llbHO OCTaHaB.rlHBaeTc~I Ha H3Ba,qHHH, rJ~e 6hi IIO~}THH HaxoJIHJIC.q:
B pOJIHOM ropojIe:

MeJI~eHtIO 6peay aHo~b KOJIOHtlaHbl

HBopKa, qbH CTeK~a qeCTByIOT3aKaT
n r o ~ 6 e I l , c~eTesmnxc~ rypb6olo
K 3allo~HeltHblM oKypKaMH BecaM
C.rlell01~I60FHItH.
('OTp~mOr'; 1967; 2, 47)

Mopo3itblfl Beqep.
MOCTbi B TyMalte. ~HTeJIBHHRBi rpoTa
Ha KpOBYle BHp>I<HKJIalLaIOT3y6aMH.
('C qbeapaa~ n o anpe~b'; 1969-1970; 2,255)

HYlH Ha qy>K6HHe:

BOT CKpOM~Ia~npHMOpCKa~ cTpaHa.

CBOfl crier, a3porlopT rl Te~edpoHbl,
CBOH eBpeH. Bypb~fl OC06]I~K
~HKTaTOpa. H CTaTy~IIIeBt~a,
OTeqeCTBO cpaBHHBILIeFOC no~pyrofl,
[...]
Becemm~t noaHenb..rIyxl4, o6~ara,
6ecqrtcJ1eHnbm anre~hl Ha KpOBmtX
6ecqricJleHnblx rOCTe~OB; qeJIoaer
cTanOanTCfl 3~ecb ~epTBOlI TOnqen
n a n HeTam,m MeCTHOrO 6 a p o r r o .
('J-lrITOaCrri~l HrIBepTHCMeHT'; 1971; 2, 266)

I/I3Ba~qHH.qMH >I<e O~HJ'IbHO Hace~leHa C03,IIaHHa.q TBOpqeCKHM BO-

o6pax<eHrleM rloaTa HMrlepHsI, orlrlCaHHa.q B rlO3Me ' P o s t a e t a t e m nostram'
 CTaTyapHl, ll~l Ml4q~ B n093Iftl BpoJ~cKoro 421

( 1 9 7 0 ) , np14qy~nrmbiit COtDianbHO-14CTOpriqeCKrllt r r i 6 p n ~ , c o q e T a I O m n l t
q e p T b l P14MCKO1~ 14Mnepaa n e p a o ~ a y n a , a r a , BOCTOqHbIX ReCnOTHtt H HO-
CJIeBOeHHOFO COBeTCKOVO TOTaJIHTapHaMa. B npocTpaHCTSe H M n e p n n CTa-
TyH p a c n o J m r a m T c g HepaBHOMepHo: HX KOHI~eHTpalJ~IR yBeYIHqHBaeTCg rio
Mepe npH6JIn)KeHng K KeI-ITpy, K Ha146oaee 3HaqHMOllt TOqI<e H, H a o 6 o p o T ,

qeM ~xanbuie OT ;asoptta,Tebl MeHbI~e CTaTyil

H JIy~K. C ~paca~OB 14cqe3aeT nerrra.
(2,247)

T a r a a 3aKOHOMepHOCTb HecJlyqaf[Ha: nO CBOel~ CyT14 I/IMnep14s 6ecqeJlO-

BeqHa, CKynbnTypa B Heft 6oaee y ~ o 6 H a *4 >KenaHHa, qeM qe/IOBeK, eCJ'IH
)Ke HOCHe~HeMy H y~IaeTCg BbI)KHTb, TO, C TOqKH 3peHHg BbIIIOJIHgeMOI~I
HM COI~Ha.qbHO~ dpyHKI.(H14, OH HHqeM He OTYl14qaeTcg OT CTaTyH"

C n y r n 6e3yqaCTHO
rn~UlJIT n e p e ~ co6oil, KaK Fl3BagHbl:l.
(2, 246)

K CTaTye np14paBHHBaeTCS He TOJIhKO CaMbll~ l-lOCJ'Ie~H141~I,qeMy y~HB/IgTb-

C~I He HprIxo~14TCg, HO H CaMbIft nepBblfl -- BCeMOryU.U41~ I/IMnepaTop:

BOnbLUaa 30nOTag 6yKBa M,

y r p a c H n t u a a RBeps, nO CyT14~eaa,
nmUb nponr~c14a~ no cpasneHMo c TOil,
orpOMllOil I4 14yHKOBOI OT HaTyrH,
corHyBmeilcfl 3a ~sepMo Ha~ IIpOTOqHOil
SO]1OIO, ]~a6M paCCMOTpeTb BO BCeX
Ho]IpO6H0CTmX CBOe OTo6pa)KeHbe.

B KOHKe KOItli,OB, IlpOTOqHa~l BO~a

HHqyTb lie x y x e CKynbnTOpOa, Bce ttapcTaO
H306pa)KeHbeM ~gTHMHaBO,~IHBI_UHX.
(2, 251)

I/IMIIBpHR, qefl 0 6 p a 3 BOI-IJ-IOI.I.~eHHe TOJIbKO B paccMaTp14BaeMOfl IIOgMe,

HO 14 B HeKOTOpblX ~Ipyr14x TeKCTaX, OXOTI-IO rlO~ICOBblBaeT KorlHIO BMeCTO
op14rIaHaJIa; CaMO e e CyLKeCTBOBaHHe OCHOBblBaeTCg Ha rIpi4HR14ne IIO,~-
MCHbF.

BeTep rolI14T nrlCTBy. CTapbIx JiaMnoqeK TycKnMil HaKa2I

B aTHX rpycTHblX Kpaflx, qeil anHrpadp - n o 6 e ~ a 3epKan,
n p n coaeilCTBH14 ny>K 140po~IaeT ~qbqberr 143o614aba.
~aa<e aopsl KpaayT aneabcnH, aManbraMy c r p e 6 a .
('Koi1ett nper~pacnoil a n o x ~ ' ; 1969; 2, 161)
422 BI4KTOp B. tOXT

HyTemeCTBeHHrlK, n o p i a a m H f l B HMrieprllo, CKOpee CTOJIKHeTC~I C M p a -

MoppiblM H3Ba.qpipieM, q e M C X<PIBblM qeJIOBeKOM (cp. ' T o p c ' [1972] - CTH-
XOTBOpeHne, CTO~I~ee 3a paMKaMa JIaHHOrO HCCJIe~OBaHH~ PI Tpe6ylOlIIee
CPIelLHa.rlbHOFO paCCMOTpepiH~), HO H CTaTy~I, B CBOIO o q e p e J l b , MOX<eT
6bITb IIOjIMeHeHa - 3epKa~IbHSIM OTpa>KeHHeM:

H3BamtHble B MpaMope CaTHp

mtMqba CMOTpaT B r n y 6 n n y 6acce~tHa,
qbJ;l FJla~b llOKpblTa slenecTKaMra po3.
(2,245)

B aTMocqbepe HMrlepHH MOHyMeHTaJIbHaa HeHO~BH>KHOCTb coqeTaeTc~l c

HeBepHOl~I, n p e j l a T e n b c K o f l 3bI6K0CTblO: Bel_lLb HeBO3MO)KHO OTJIHHHTb OT
e e oTpa>KeHPI~I, qeJIoBeKa -- OT CTaTyH, COH -- OT aBn, jIaBHO n p o m e ~ m e e -
OT TOFO, qeMy e ~ e cy~KjleHO HaCTylqHTb nOCae HalLIefl 3pbl (cp., B qaCT-
HOCTPI, r z a B y ' B a m a a ' [2, 249]).
OCTaHOBHMC~I 6 o n e e rloJIpO6HO Ha HeKOTOpblX H a p i 6 o n e e Ba)KHSIX
q b o p M a x , B KOTOpblX p e a J i i 4 3 y e T c a PIHBappiaHTHbI~I MOTHB 3 a T B e p , lleHl4Yl,
IIpHBOJI~tlILH1R B KOHeqHOM CqeTe K TpHyMqby CTaTyapHofl HeIIOJ~BPI)KHOC-
TH. OJIHOf[ H3 TaKHX qbOpM ~IBJUIeTC~I 3aMep3anHe. Ecnr~ BOCIIOJIb3OBaTSC~I
IlpeJIJIOX<eHHO~ HCCJIejIOBaTe~flMPI aHTHTe30fl 3HMbI "IIaCTepHaKOBCKOI~I",
BO3~ymHoft -- H 3PIibI "MaH~enhmTaMOBCKOft", 3piMbI K a r TBep;aoro CO-
CTOaHPIa BemecTBa (tOKriHa, ~9nmmetto 1979: 194), TO ;aria nO33PIPI B p o ~ -
c K o r o p a c c M a T p H B a e M o r o HaMPI n e p n o ~ t a x a p a K m e p H a , 6 e 3 COMHeHH~,
Bmopas pa3PIOB~HOCT~ (tOxT 19946: 38). H a c T y n n e H r m M e p T B s m e r o x o -
JlojIa nepe>KriBaeTc~l .!IHpHqeCKHM r e p o e M KaK BO BHeIIIHPIX dpopMax, TaK
I4 PI3PIyTpH. OTClOjIa x a a o 6 ~ Ha XOJqOjIeIOLILyIOKpOBb, KOTOpa~l COIIOCTa-
B.rI~IeTC~I C 3aMep3molttefl peKol~ HJIPI MOpeM; BHyTpepipi~I CTaTHKa COBIIa-
JlaeT c HeHOJIBH)KHOCTblO BHettlHerO Mtlpa:

KaK xopomo, qTO He rl~blByT cyaaI

KaK xOpOLUO, qTO 3aMep3aeT Mope!
('Anno Domini'; 1968; 2, 66)

I/1TaK Te6e, rlpeoJIoneBmefl BH~

KOHeq}IOCTH COMKIIyBUIHX HepeI4~,
H3 HalLIHX BOJI BBIHpacTSIBa~I {)pOBb,
nHmy o TOM, aTO xo.no,aeer rpOBb.
('Aqua vita nuova'; 1970; 2, 244)

KpoBb MOil XOdlO,Zltha.

Xo.~o,~ ee YaoTert
peKH, rtpoMep3meB ,~o ~t~la.
('HaTIOpMOpT'; 1971; 2, 271)
 CTaTyapHI, II~ MIICl) B 110931414 Bpo, IICKOFO 423

ECnH : ~ e 06paTnTbCg K BHelIIHHM MaHHdpecTaRHRM CTHXHH x o a o ; a a , TO

3 ~ e c b e e CTaTyapHbIe HOTeHRHH BbDIBJIRIOTCg B ,I~ByX acrIeKTax.
Bo-nepBbIX, MOpO3 1-lO,l~qepKHBaeT HpI4CyTCTBHe y ~ e cyu_~eCTByIO-
tRHX CTaTylI, H60 TOJIbKO OHH CHOCO6HbI OCTaBaTbC~ Ha CBOHX MeCTaX,
HO,~ OTKpblTbIM He6OM, TOr,~a KaK )rHBbIe nIOJIn 3aroHgIOTCS CTy:~e~ B
~OMa:

Mopo3Hblit aeqep.
MOCTM B TyMaHe. )t(I4TeJIbHHKbI rpoTa
Ha r p o a ~ e BHp;~H r~atta~oT 3y6aMri.
Eecqe.rlOBeqeH,
Bepnelt, 6e3mo~eH nepeKpecToK.
('C qbeBpa.ua no anpem,'; 1969-1970; 2,255)

q e M H n : ~ e T e M n e p a T y p a , TeM MeHbIIIe BepOSlTHOCTb a c T p e q u C r e M - n n 6 o ,

KpOMe xpeCTOMaTH~tHOFO "HMnepaTopa-Bca.~HI,IKa':

P e r a - KaX 6nyara,
Ha qboHapri paccTerHyTau. Ca,a n t
~BOpKOBblI~IHyCT. Hart CTaTyUMn KpOBeJlb
KypHTCg mOcTpa
nyHM, B qbeM caeTe rtMnepaTop-aca;aHnr
CBOI~ ab~cepe6pnn H3MOp03bIO lIpOdpH~Ib.
(2,255)

O~HaKO yHHqTOTKeHHe BCeFO )I.(HBOFO -- ~TO el.Re He KOHeqHa~ Re.rib

JIe,llgHOl~l CTHXHH; o6paTHMC~ K aHrJIO~t3bIqHOMy 3 c c e 'I-lyTeBOJIHTeJ/b 170
rtepeHMeHOBaHHOMyropo~y' (1979):
The lower the thermometer falls, the more abstract the city looks.
Minus 25 Centigrade is cold enough, but the temperature keeps
falling as though, having done away with people, river, and build-
ings, it aims for ideas, for abstract concepts.
(Brodsky 1987: 90)

BO-BTOpbIX >Ke, orlycTou_tafl npocTpaHCTBO, XOJIO~ He Tep~eT CO6CT-

BeHHble CTaTyapHbIe HOTeHRHH. OH - eCTeCTBeHHblI~ CKyJIbIITOp H IIOCTO-
RHHO FOTOB Co3RaBaTb HOBble CTaTyH, n p e B p a m a ~ :~'<HBOe TeJIO B HeHO,~-
BH)I(HOe H3Ba,HHHe:

5I neno;aan~eH. ~Ba
6e;~pa XO~O~nb~, raK ~e~.
 424 BIIKTOp B. IOXT

Betlo3Ha~l CrlHeBa
MpaMOpOM OTjlaeT.
('HaT~OpMOpT'; 1971; 2, 272)

JIa>I<e CHeF BbI3blBaeT y rlOaTa CKyJlbYITypHble aCCOttHaI~HH H q a c T o c p a B -

HHBaeTc~I C MpaMOpOM:

[...] IlO)l IIaTHCKOM 3HMhl

6e~<aB Ha IOr, ~I rla.rlbKaMrl q e p q y
TBOe .rIH~O Ha M p a M o p e ~,.rI~I6 e ~ b ~ x .
("BTopoe Po~ReCTBO Ha 6 e p e r y . . . ' ; 1971; 2 , 2 6 4 )

TO-TO n<e citer, ~BTOT M p a M O p jI,JHt 6ejIJtblX, 3a rlerlMeHbeM TeJIa

TaeT [...]
("MblC.rlb O Te6e yJla~aeTca, KaK p a 3 ~ a ~ o B a H H a a npr~cJwra...";
1987; 3 , 1 4 2 )

f l e j i ~ H o e RbIXaHHe CTy)KH cpOJIHH B3FJIflJIy M e j I y 3 b I F o p r o H b I , CIIO-

C06HOMy o6pamaTb alo~e~ a KaMHH. ~)TOT MHqbo.rlOFHqeCKHfl nepcoHa)K
B1]epBble rlO~BJI~eTCfl y BpojICKOFO B CTHXOTBOpeHHJIX 'I'IHcbMO r e H e p a J ~ y
Z.' (1968):

H a lqyCTblpe, rJIe B llOqH rop~tT

JIBa qbollapR H FIIHIOT BaFoIIbl,
HanOJ~OBnHy C c e 6 a napsJI
CH~IB 1LIyTOBCKOI~IH COpBaB IIOFOHbI,
~I 3.~CTblBalO, BCTpeqa~ B3FJI~IJI
KaMepbl flefltt rl~n rJ~a3 FoproHbt.
(2, 88)

H ')Ke~Taa rypTra' (1970):

I-Io~poCTOK B Y,(eJITOI~KypTKe, npHBa~acb

K o r p a n e , a TOqIlel~l -- K o p y ~ e f l naCTH
MaJlaM FopFOllbl, co3epttaeT F13~13b
npoe3~<e~ qaCTH.

B nyCTblX e r o 3 p a q r a x CKBO3HT-- n p n Bcell

OTqy)K~IemlOCTl4 HX OT MblCJIel~I.qHmHrlX -
yHbIHbe, C KaKOBblM 1-Iepcefl
CMOTpe.rl Ha TO, qTO rlpeBpaTri~ B 6y.rlbl>KHrlr.
(2,229)

- - qTO6bI B ro~IbI 9 M H r p a t t H H CHOBa BO3HHKHyTB B 'l'I~ITOl~l FO~IOBI/~HHe'

( 1 9 7 7 ) c p e ~ H Ba>KHeflmHX ~IeTanefl rIOKHHyTOFO HOgTOM r o p o ~ I a ; B 9TOM
 CTaTyapHI,II~I Mttt~ B H09314H Bpo~croro 425

T{~KCT~ B3FJIP.j~ r o p r o H l , i MO)KHO COOTHeCTH C MepTBJtI.I.~HM BO3JIeI~ICTBHeM

TOTaJIHTapHoI~ FOCy~IapCTBeHHOCTH:

[...] n Ha O~jtOM MOCTy qyryHHbIlt ~ n r roproHM

Ka3a.qc~I B TeX Kpa.qx MHe CaMblM qeCTltblM JIHKOM.

3 a T 0 CTOJIKHyBIIIHCb C HHM T e n e p b , a e r o B~IIHKOM
B a p b ~ I T e , ~I CBOHM He FI0~aBHSCSl KpHKOM

H He OKaMeHeJl.
(2,422)

MOTHB OKaMeHeHHa, CB~[3aHHMfl C aHTHqHOCTblO (KpOMe MHqba 0 Ilepcee

H roproae BCIIOMHHM y>Ke yIIOMHHaBIIIHeC~I MeTaMopcl)o3bl OBH~Hff H
"BOa~Bnr a naMaTnHr c e 6 e . . . " FopattHa), neper~aKaeTcH y B p o ~ c r o r o c
BeTX0BaBeTHblMH CI0:~'<eTaMH:

Ho 3TO TOJ'[bKOTbl.
TBOe n m t o
]~na cnopatLtell qeTb!
CaMO KOJlblJ, O.
He 3epKa.rla BHIIa,
qTO CKpHBJIett pOT:
Tbi fIoTOBa )Kella
H CaM ~ e .rIoT.
("Ha npeHHa c caMnM..."; 2, 192)

B o p b 6 a >rHsoro H MCpTBOFO, ]IHHaMHKH H CTaTHKH peaJIH3yeTC~ B paa-

JIHqHMX KOHKpeTHbIX aHTHTe3ax. TaK, aHr..q 'C qbeapa.q~ n o anpenb' nO-
CTpOeH Ha orIno3HRHH "XOJIO~/aHMa -- Tenno/Becaa'; 3 H M a accoannpyeT-
ca c HCMOTOft H 6 e 3 y M H e M ("B 9Ty 3 H M y C y M a / a OnSTb He cornea'; 2,
257), noTpe6HOCTb >re "B3flTb nepo" (2,257), T. e. Bo3po~IHTbCS ~l~a TSOp-
qeCTBa, CB~[3aHa C BCCeHHHM rIpo6y)K~eHHeM npHpo]IbI. HO B ~TOM 3Ke
ttHKne npHcyTCTByeT H ~ p y r a a o n n o a H a a a - " n p n p o ; a a - K y a b T y p a ' , n e p -
BI~IIYIqJIeH KOTOpOI~I aonJIOLt~aeT ]IHHaMPIKy, a BTOpOlll -- CTaTHKy; OHa o p r a -
Hn3yeT CTHXOTBOpeHHe 'I.[IHHOBHHK B anpe~e', r~Ie )KnabIe BeTBH IlbI-
TalOTCJ] BblpBaTbCi] H3 IlpyTbeB o r p a ~ b I H B 3TO~ 6op~,6e n e p e n n e T a m T c a c
HHMH, c o 3 ~ a B a a HeO6blqHbllYl l-lpHpO~HO-KyJlbTypHbll~ ra6pH;a, KOTOpblM,
n o CyTH, SB~aeTCa BeCh F l e T e p 6 y p r :

B orpa~e cana noyTpy,

a qyrymlblx o6napy)Kna rlpyTb~lX
HGTOqHHK 3:la,
OH cyeTnTC~[ Ha BeTpy,
01I y T B e p ~ a e T , qTO He 6y~b HX,
426 BIIKTOp B. IOxT

IIpOHHK 61,1 3a.

[...]
Be3HHCTBeHHbII~I, cyxoll, Haroll,
Ott MeqeTcg e orpa~e, Thlqa
HFJIOF[ B MeTaJLrl
KOIIb~l tlyryllllOFO -- ~pyr0ll
anpem, He ~a.rl eMy ~tO6~Xa
H MapT He ~an.
(2,256-257)

B HTOFe 0 6 8 OIIIIO3HRHH HaI<21aRblBaIOTC~I ~Ipyr Ha ~Ipyra, H BO3HHKaeT

CJ-IO)KHag CHCTeMa IIpOTHBOHOCTaB.IIeHHI~:

npHpo~a <~> Ky~H,Typa

Tenao <~> xo~oJI
8ecHa <--> 3HMa
~HHaMaKa <--> CTaTHKa

C orIno3HRrtel~ " n p H p o ~ a - Ky~bTypa" CB~3aH H MOTHB c y x o r o qboH-

TaHa, TpH~,<JIBI BcTpeqaIOtRH~C~ y ]~pO~CKOFO B pacCMaTpHBaeMBII~ HaMH
n e p a o ~ : B CTHXOTBOpeHHaX '~OHTaH' (1967), '~OHTaH naMSTH repoeB
o 6 o p o a b i noayocTpoBa XaHKo' (1970) H S nogMe 'Post aetatem nostram'
(1970). BaZ~HOCTb ~TOrO MOTHBa oripe;aenaeTcz TeM, qTO, Bo-nepsblX,
dpOHTaH -- "gTO 0 6 p a 3 ~yturt KaK HCT0qHHKa BHyTpeHHel~I 3KH3HH H ~ y -
XOBHOlYl 3HeprHH" ( K e p ~ o T 1994: 542), a, BO-BTOpBIX, TeM, KaKoe MeCTO
3aHHMaeT qbOHTaH B paHHel~ rlO93HH BpoJIcI<OrO; BClIOMHHM CTHXOTBO-
peHue "H naM~THHX< B O 3 ~ I r ce6e rXHOX~!.." (1962), r;ae cTpyg BO~bl (rx~Ir~
c~e3), 6~,mmaa n3 rsta3 H3Ba~IHrI~I, CTaHOBHTCg ero Har~6oaee 3HaqHMBIM
aTpn6yTOM:

Thl, My3a, He BHItH MeHH 3a TO.

PaccyJ~OK MOll Terlepb, KaK pemeTo,
a He 60FaMH HaJ'IHTblI~Icocy~.
l-lycKall MeHfl tlH3BeprHyT H CHeCyT,
nycKall B caMoynpaBcTBe O6BHHflT,
nycKall Metl~ pa3pyLUaT, pacqHeHaT, --

a CTpaHe 6OnbtUOll, na pa~ocTb ~eTBope

I43 FldrlCOBOFO61OCTa BO j~Bope
CKB03~, 6estate He3p~qrle rHaaa
crpye~ nO~bly~ap~o B ne6eca.
(Bpo~crnll 1970: 12)
 CraTyapH~itt ~nO ~ noa~nH Bpo)~croro 427

TaKHM o 6 p a 3 o M , eCJIH B paHHHit nepHo~1 ~a>Ke B p ea~ H H , no n p e H M y -

I~eCTBy OTHOC}III~el~ICS/ K cqbepe KyJIbTypbI, r. e. HCKyCCTBeHHOrO, p y K o -
TBOpHOrO H CTaTHqHOFO, BpORCKOMy yRaBaJIOCb Ho~qepKItyTb npHpO~HOe,
~tHHaMHqHOe Haqa.rio (rJ~aSHoe He H3Ba~HHe, y r p a m a m t a e e qbOHTaH, a
c T p y g , 6bIOtLtaa a He60), TO C T e q e H ~ e M BpeMeHH CHM6HO3 IIpHpo]IbI H
KyJIbTypbI q a t t t e BCeFO CTaHOBHTCfl HeBO3MO)KHblM: dIgOHTaH, nona~am-
tttnlt s n o a e 3peHHg HOgTa, OKa3bIBaeTcg cyXHM, OJ~HReTBOpgg J~H60 a6-
cyp]~HOCTb CO~HaJlbHOl~I )KH3HH, OCHOBaHHOfl Ha npHHRHne rlO~MeHbI"

(I)oHTaH, H306pa~KaIOtal4flRe~IbqbI4Ha
B OTKpblTOMMope, coBepmenno cyx.
BnosIne IIOH~ITHO"KaMeHHa.q pbx6a
cnoco6Ha 060ltTrlCb H 6e3 BO,I~bl,
KaK Ta -- 6e3 pb~6bl, c]IeJ1aHHOfl H3 KaMH~.
(2,249)

JIH60 TparHqecKyIO HeCOBMeCTHMOCTb MHpa q e J i o B e q e c K o r o H MHpa npH-

pO:IHOrO:

3ReCb ROJI::KeH6rlTb ~OHTRH, HO OH He 6beT.

O~tlaKO Cblp0CTb ceaepHag Hatua
OCB060)KRaeT B~IaCTH OT 3a60T,
H >Ka>KJIbl He HCIIblTblBaeT qama.

HopMa~bHMfl RO)K~b, O6eu2aHHMII a qeTaepr,

Ha~e)~Hefl p)raaMx vpy6 BO]1OnpOBO]la.
qTO rIo3a6yReT c:~eJIaTb qe~0BeK,
TO HaBepcTaeT 3a tleFO rlprtpoRa.
(2,258)

ni~6o o6u/ee ocry~enHe 6hxrr~a:

143 rIaCTH .,"IbBa

C'l"py~IHe )KypqHT H He C.2IblLLIH0pbxKa.
FHaRHHTbl RBeTyT. HH CBHCTKa,HH r p H r a .
HHKaKHX rO~I0COB. HeHO~H>KHa ~IHCTBa.
I4 qy>Ka 06CTaHOBKa CHg ~q~ CTO~b rpO3HOrO .rlHKa,
H HOBa.
1-Iepecoxzn ycTa
H FOpTallb rIpop:>KaBeJ/a: MeTa.rD-IHe BeqeH.
(2, 56)

B nocJ~ejiHeM qbparMeHTe "nepecoxmne ycTa" n "npop~caBeama~ rop-

T a H b ' , CJ-IOBHO r~O]ITBep)KRaIOtRHe "OT IIpOTHBHOFO" MaH~eJIbILITaMOB-
CKall aqbopH3M "Yloto, Korea ropTaHb cbIpa, ; a y m a - cyxa..." (MaH~e~b-
428 BtIKTOp B. ~OxT

mTaM 1990: 239), pea.rIHaymT 14HBapHaHTHbIP~I MOTI4B c y x o c r n 14 npe~Iaoc-

x H ~ a m T "ae~14rym c y m b ropTaH14" 143 'JI14TOBCrOrO nOXTmpHa' (1973):

BOT qeM ~bltHHT BcejieHHaSL BOT

qTO lleTyX KyKapeKa~,
ynpe>r;aa~ ropTann Bejinrym cytm,!
(2, 330)

B aarJHOqeH14e OCTaHOBI,IMC~I Ha CT14XOTBOpeHH14 'IIo~IcBeqH14K'

(1968), r~Ie npoi~ecc "CTaTy143atm14" on14can c npe~Iem, no~t paaBepnyTOC-
TbtO. HO~ICBeqH14K,143o6pa>KamI~Hi~ caTnpa c KaI-Ulen~6poM S p y r e , 06pe-
TaCT CJle~IyIOtIJ,ylO npe~IbICTOp14IO:

(I)allTa3H~l rio,RqepKHBaeT ~IBB.

A ~blJlO TaK: OH r~epe6pa..ricg BIl.rIaBb
qepe3 rlOTOK, B qbeM 3epKa.rl¢ RaBHO
llIeCTblO BeTB~IMH~epeBo myMejlo.
Oil o6it.qjl CTBO.I'LHO CTBOJInprma~e>ra.q
3eM~e. A 3a CHHHO~t yHHtlTO~adI
cJ1e~M IIOTOK. l'IpocBeqHBa.rlO/It10.
H me-To me6eTa.qa ~H~OMejla.

Eme o~I.I,111npo/LqI4Cb Bce ~TO MHF,

CaTnp 6bl O~HHOqeCTBOHOCTHF,
pyqb~lM CaOIO HeHy>KHOCTbH 3eM.rle;
HO B TO MFIIOBeHbe MblCJ'lbeFO ocaa6~a.
CTeM~e~o. HO n3 ra~rRoro yrjla
"He yMep" noBTop~jln 3epKa~a.
I-IO~CBeqHHK BORapH.qC~ Ha CTO.qe,
r I j l e H ~ 3aBeptHeHHOCTbIO aHCaM6JI~.

Hac >KReTne CMepTb, a HoBa~Icpeaa.

OT qboTorpaqbn~l 6poHaOBSIX BpeRa
CaTHpy HeT. IIIarHyB 3a Py6nKon,
OH 3aTBep~ejl OT IIei~c ~0 FelIHTajiHII.
(2, 90)

I'Ipeo~OJleHHe 3epKa.rlbHOl~ IIOBepXHOCTH IIOTOKa CTaHOBHTC~I l-lepexo~oM

B HHyIO pea.qbHOCTb, B "HOByIO c p e ~ y " , 6 y ~ b TO 3a3epKa.rIbe HJIH HOTy-
CTOpOHHHI~ MHp, Haxo~ttI~H~C~, COFJ/aCHO MHqbOJIOFHqeCKHM npe~tcra-
BneHHSM, Ha npoT14BOnOZO~rHOM 6 e p e r y p e r i l . C r y m , n T y p m , IR MHqb
]~pO~CKOrO, K a K ~BCTByeT I43 rlp14Be~eI-II-IOFO qbparMeHTa, np~MO IIpOTHBO-
noao>KeH COOTBeTCTByIOttteMy MHqby YlymrnHa, OnHCaHHOMy P. ,qKO6-
COHOM (1987). Y I-lytur14Ha MaKC14Ma~SHOe CMblC~OBOe nanps~<eHHe CBS-
3aHO C TeM14 MFHOBeHH~iM14, KOr~la CTaTy~I (KoMartaop, Me~jn, rll sCa~HHr,
 CTaTyapnbttl MnCtb ~ n o a s n n Bpo)Icroro 429

3OJIOTOIt neTylllOK) HpHXO~HT B ~BH)K~HH~, T. 6. MepTBO¢ HaqHHaeT BeCTH

Ce6ff 130~06HO ~HBOMy (CTaTHKa --> ~IriHaMnKa). Y Bpo~cKoro x<e, H a o 6 0 -
pOT, :~<riaoe cyIReCTBO 3aCTblBaeT, KaMeHeeT, n p e a p a t R a e T c g a a e I J ~ 0IH-
HaMHKa --> CTaTHKa).
3acJ~y>I<riaaeT BHHMaHHg TOT ~I~aKT, qTO MeTaMopqbo3a, o n n C a H H a g a
' I ] o ~ c B e q H H K e ' , ~ a a ~eCIITHJIeTltg crlycTg CTaJIa OCO3HaBaTbCfl COBpeMeH-
HHKaMH KaK n p e ~ c K a 3 a H a e IIO3TOM CO6GTB~HHOrO IIyTH; cp., H a n p r i M e p ,
O~HO H3 MHeHHI~, 3anricaHHbix Bell. Epoqb~eBbIM IIOCJIe n p t i c y ~ < ~ e H H g
BpO~CKOMy Ho6eJ~eBCKOIt npeMnH:

BHaqa.ue, B 6blTHOCTb HHTepCKHM TyHeg~IJ.I~eM,OH 6blJI HHTepec-

Hee BO CTO xpaT. I'IHJIHFpHMbl H BCe TaKoe. Tenep~,, IIIaFHFB 3a
py~14KOH, OH 3aTB¢p,I~CJI OT H~I~C,~0 F~fltITBdlHI~.
(ttHT. no: UIMeJU,XOBa 1992: 40)

MO>KHO no-pa3HOMy OTHOCHTbCll K TaKOI~ O ~ e H K e , CBO~HMOI~, IIO c y -

TH, K ~OCTaTOqHO Tpa~HRHOHHOI~I ~HXOTOMHH p a H H e r o ("pOMaHTHqOCKO-
r o ' ) n no3~aHero ( " 3 a T B e p ~ e B m e r o " ) TBopqecTBa rIO~Ta. H o OZHO n p e ~ c T a -
BJlgeTCg 6eCCnOpHblM: B 'HO~CBeqHttKe' y>Ke HaMOqeHbI OCHOBHble CMbI-
c n o o 6 p a 3 y i o t t t H e MOTHBbI, KOTOpble H 6y~yT o n p e : ~ e n a T b CeMaHTrtKy CTa-
T y a p H o r o Mnqba Ha rIpOTg>KeHrirl qeTBepTH BeKa.
B HHTepHpeTaRHH BpO~CKOFO, CTaTyfl -- ~TO CFyCTOK 3aCTblBtUero
BpeMeHH, OCTaHOBneHHOe MFHOBeHHe, coxpaHeHHOe OT pacna~a m~tto.
O H a 3aHHMaeT npOMe>KyTOqHOe MeCTO Me>KAy qe.rlOBeKOM I4 BeI/~blO. I/I3-
Ba.qHHe -- KaK ~bl qeJIOBeK: ettte MO~KHO BFJIJt~eTbCg B e r o 6eccTpaCT~bIe
r n a 3 a , K HeMy ettte MOa<HO 0 6 p a T a T b C a C B o n p o c o M r~nn npH3HaHrIeM
( ' ~ B a ~ t t a T ~ COHeTOB K M a p H H C T ~ a p T ' , 'BraCT T n 6 e p n a ' , ' B e p T y M H ' ) .
C T a T y a - STO qe.rIOBeK, IIO~FOTOBJI~HHbII~I K CTOJIKHOB~HHIO C IIOTOKOM
BpeMeHH. n o KaK 6hi HH 6bIJI OH yKpenJ~eH, BpeMg BCe paBHO OKa3bI-
BaeTCg CHJIbHee, yHHqTO:~Ka£ a )IbiIIIaIII~IO nnoTb, H XOJ/O~IHbIit MpaMop:

Bce, qTO Mbl 3BaJIH JIHqHblM,

qTO KOHH.rIH, rpetlla,
B p e M g , C~tHTa~I JIHllrllHM,
KaK npn601~ c ronmma,
c T a q H B a e T -- TO .rlaCKOl~,
TO rlOCpeRCTBOM pe3Ra -
tlTO6bl KOHHHTb I_I[HKJIa~cKoI~I
BeH.[blO 6C3 q e p T n H ~ a .
(2,456)

B n p o q e M , HaHHCaHHbIe B 1978 r o s y 'CTpoqbbI' BbIXO~T 3a paMKH c e -

ro~HatUHerO ttCCJIe~OBaHH~.
430 BHKTOp B. IOxT

YIoJIBO~I HTOFH, HeO6XO~HMO 3aMeTHTb, qTO, HaqHHag CO BTOpOI~I

FIOJIOBHHbI 60-X FOJIOB, CTaTyH ocTaeTc~I HeOT'beMJIeMbIM KOMHOHeHTOM
IIOgTHqeCKOFO MHpa BpojICKOFO, FIOCTO~IHHblMjlel~CTByIOIKHM JII4I.tOM TeX
TparejIHl~, KOTOpble pa3BopaqI4BatOTC~I B erO CTHXaX. ~)TO O6HJIHe H3BaII-
HHI~I JladIo ~axt<e HeKOTOpbIM KpHTHKaM IIOBOJI ylIpeKHyTb aBTOpa B TOM,
qTO H3 eFO II09THqeCKOFO IIpocTpaHCTBa XKHBble JIIOJ~H HeyKJIOHHO BI3I-
TeCH$1IOTCH HX CKyJIbIITypHbIMH j~BOI~IHHKaMH"

LIeM j~a.rlbLUe, TeM lapo3paqtlee CTaHOBHTC~IBO3JIyx CTHXOB Bpo~:-

CKOFO, TeHH yjMIHllffIOTCfl,OKa31,1Baflcb Ky~a J~IIHHHee qeJioBeqec-
KrtX qbHryp, KOTOpble K TOMy me Bce q a m e o60paqHBaIOTCg Mpa-
MOpHbIMrl rl3Ba~lHrlgMrl, He rlprlcrIoco6YleHHbIMH JIJIg ~Ha.uora.
(EpoqbeeB 1990: 209)

Ho cyI~HOCTb H nOCJIejICTBHfl 9TOFO yRHBHTeJIbHOFO npottecca Tpe6yIOT

He KpHTHqeCKHX ~MOI~HI~I, a IIpHCTaJIBHOFO H HerlpeJIB3gTOrO aHaJiB3a.

IIPHMEqAHH$I

CTHXOTBOpeHHg BpoJICKOFO, 3a }[CK.UioqeHneM o co 6 o OFOBOpeHHblX cay-

,4aeB, RHTHpylOTCfl rio Han6o~ee aBTOpI4TeTHOMy Ha cer o ] m ~ I,I3~aHHIO --
Bpo~cKrII1 (1992-1994); CUOCKHJIalOTC~I B TeKCTe; llepBoe qnarlO O6O3Ha-
qaeT TOM, BTOpOe -- CTpaHHRy.
3jIeCb pa3J1rtqrlMa l a e p e K n n q r a co CTHXOTBOpeHrieM MaHjIeJIbllITaMa
"KBapTnpa THxa KaK 6 y M a r a . . . ' ; cp. B qaCTHOCTri:

A CTelIbl rlpOKJl~lTble TOHKH,

H HeKyaa 6osmme 6exaTb...
[...]
[4 BMeCTOKJlIOqa Hl-IOKpeHbI
~aBnmtmero cTpaxa cTpy$l
BopBeTC£ B xaJITypllble CTeHbl
MOCKOBCKOrOzaoro xHaba.
(MaH~eZbmTaM 1990: 199)
 CTaTyapnI, ll;f MI4qb B ri093fli4 BpO,RCKOFO 431

IIHTEPATYPA

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1990 Ha3H~aHHO. JleHnHrpa~.
1992-1994 Co~HneH~a ttocHc~a Bpo~cKoro, T. 1-3. CanrT-HeTep6ypr.
Epo~eeB, B.
1990 '"[loaTa ,l~a..rleKo3aBO~HT peqb... ". HOCH~ I~po,/ICKHI~t:cno60,aa
H O,KHHOHeCTBO'.B Jla6flpHHTO HpOKfLqTblX BOHpOCOB. MOCKBa,
206-221.
KaJIOMHpOB, A.
1986 'I/Iocrlqb Bpo~crn~ (MeCTO)'. I--IoaTI4KaBpo~tcroro (C6. CTaTel~t
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1994 C~oBapb CHMBO~OB.MOcKBa.
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1978 Fonoc. J[eH HHrpa~.
MaH~enbtUTaM, 0 . 9 .
1990 Co,mnenna, T. 1. MOcKBa.
rlonnBaHOB, M. K.
1993 'Ta/IHaa cBo6oxta'. BOC1IOMIfHaHI.ffl0 Bop~ce HacTepHaKe. Moc-
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1986 'OcTaHOBKa a cyMactHe~UIeM ,rloMe: no3Ma Bpo~cKoro "Fop6y-
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19946 '3rlMa aytmt (K npo6neMe MeTadpnam<n neflaa>ra a noaaml
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~KO6COH, P.
1987 'CTaTyg B rIOaTnqeCKOII MI4dpOJ/OrHH IIyturnna'. Pa6or~1 no
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Brodsky, J.
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