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Stages of building a house

Planning and pre-construction period

• Permits and plans

o Permits
o Government approvals

• Plans
o Building plan sanctions (govt)
§ floor plan,
§ site plan,
§ cross sections,
§ elevations,
§ plumbing,
§ electrical

Site preparation

o Increasing ground level

o Pesticide treatment
o Existing well
o Existing bore well
o Existinng trees/plants

Floor slab

Frame and roof

When the floor slab is cured, the frame of the house will be built. Walls will be put up and the house will
have some structure. This process can take time and weather conditions can cause delays. Installing the
roof will be last. On average, it should take about three months.

External finishes

Windows and doors

Plumbing

Electrical
The electricians and plumbers will start on the wires, cables and pipes. They will still all be protruding
and will not be connected to the source yet. This stage is also called “roughing in” because it will be
completed later. This process should roughly take a month or two.

Interiors
work starts on the internal walls, finishes and floors. This stage involves all the plastering and painting.

Carpentry
If there’s any built-in furniture like storage or kitchen cabinets, now is the time when that is done. This
can even be done along with the interiors. The entire thing shouldn’t take more than two months.
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Finishing
lights, fans, switches and power outlets. The plumber will install the sinks, showers and faucets.

Inspection

Handing over

………………
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Expenditure and payment

Cost of construction – Break up by stages (figures are for example)

Foundation
Earthwork and Excavation (Labour) ₹ 24,024

Layering and Curing Concrete (Material + Labour) ₹ 24,120

Providing and constructing the SSM (Material + Labour) ₹ 57,390

Providing and laying Concrete ((Material + Labour for footing, column and
plinth beam) ₹ 1,05,534

Total Foundation Cost Rs 2,56,279

Roofing
Providing and laying Base (Material + Labour) ₹ 1,31,040

Column (Material + Labour) ₹ 73,069

Beam (Material + Labour) ₹ 72,345

Slab (Material + Labour) ₹ 24,137

Lintel (Material + Labour) ₹ 39,791

Chajja (Material + Labour) ₹ 45,864

Staircase (Material + Labour) ₹ 90,090

Granite Slab ₹ 32,760

Total Roofing Cost Rs 3,78,056

Super Structure
Column (Material + Labour) ₹ 85,280

Beam (Material + Labour) ₹ 1,27,920

Slab (Material + Labour) ₹ 1,70,560

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Lintel (Material + Labour) ₹ 41,820

Chajja (Material + Labour) ₹ 20,910

Staircase ₹ 1,27,920

Total Super Structure Cost Rs 5,74,410

Wall Construction
6inch Thick Cement Block (Material + Labour) ₹ 2,85,285

4 inch Thick Cement Block (Material + Labour) ₹ 1,31,040

Total Wall Construction Cost Rs 4,16,325

Flooring Cost
Material + Labour Rs 3,60,360

Wall Tiles
Kitchen (Material + Labour) ₹ 14,089

Washroom ₹ 65,739

Utility ₹ 15,562

Total Wall Tiles Cost Rs 95,390

Wood Work
Doors (Material + Labour) ₹ 4,29,975

Windows (Material + Labour) ₹ 9,00,900

Grills (Material + Labour) ₹ 1,29,675

Total Wood Work Cost Rs 14,60,550

Painting
Internal (Material + Labour) ₹ 2,29,320

External (Material + Labour) ₹ 81,627

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Total Painting Cost Rs 3,10,947

Plastering
Ceiling (Material + Labour) ₹ 1,09,200

Internal Walls (Material + Labour) ₹ 2,73,000

External Walls (Material + Labour) ₹ 1,77,450

Total Plastering Cost ₹ 5,59,650

Electrical and Plumbing Work

Electrical ₹ 4,09,500

Plumbing ₹ 4,09,500

Total Cost of Plumbing and Electrical ₹ 8,19,000

Total Construction Cost ₹ 52,89,000

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Building Blocks: What are the Approvals

Required Before Construction?
There are various hassle points when it comes to building a home. One of them is getting government
approvals to begin your home construction. Preparing the documents, filing and running around to get
approvals can stress you out. Here is a short video to help you understand government approvals and
connections you need before building a home.

Approvals Required:
• Construction License: This is to ensure the compliance of all instructions set for a construction
project
• Building Plan Approval: This approval is given only if the construction plan abides by all the building
laws.
• Utility Approval: For a construction project to go smoothly, you need Electricity & Water connection
which also needs approval.
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Civil Execution Check list

Pre Excavation (Site Survey, temp connections, documentations, cleaning etc)
1. Check for Identification of REFERENCE BASE LINES & PERMANENT BENCHMARKS 2. Is the
establishment of MAIN GRID LINES in both directions as per drawings?
3. Is the establishment of SUB-BASE LINES and BENCHMARKS as per drawings?
4. Is the location of INDIVIDUAL STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS as per drawings?
5. Are the MARKINGS OF BMs, CLs & GRID LINE as per specifications?
6. Is the PROTECTION of SURVEY PILLAR up to mark?
7. Is the establishment of BLOCK LEVELS acceptable?
8. Is the preparation of EGL Map been done?
9. Check for the control of SURVEY WORK in the vertical direction

Excavation
10. Is the EXCAVATED AREA cleared of all obstructions?
11. Is the LAYOUT, ALIGNMENT & SIZE of excavation marked on the ground as per plan?
12. Have adequate WORKING SPACES been provided all around?
13. Is the FOUNDING STRATA suitable for laying PCC (i.e. is it free from any soft pockets. If not,
remove and fill with lean concrete/sand)?
14. Is the DRESSING of the excavated area acceptable?
15. Is the STABILITY of side slopes acceptable?
16. Is the DEWATERING of the waterlogged area acceptable?
17. Has the DISPOSAL of excavated soil to the specified area been done?
18. Have the BARRICADING & CAUTION SIGNS been provided for deep excavations?
19. Are the JOINT INSPECTION RECORDS complete?

Backfilling
20. Is only QUALITY APPROVED SOIL being used for backfilling?
21. Is the backfilling being done in LAYERS, as specified?
22. Is the backfilled area being WATERED sufficiently?
23. Has the COMPACTION been done as specified?
24. Is the backfilling done up to the SPECIFIED LEVEL?
25. Has the BACKFILLED LEVEL BEEN RECORDED?
26. Has the DISPOSAL of surplus soil from the worksite been completed?

Anti-Termite Treatment
27. Is the treatment of the earthworks for the area COMPLETE?
28. Has the loose soil been removed from the area and CLEANED?
29. Has RODING or CHANNELING been completed as specified (wherever applicable)?
30. Is the CHEMICAL being used as per specifications?
31. Is the CONCENTRATION of chemical emulsion acceptable?
32. Is the spraying equipment (pumps & more) in GOOD WORKING CONDITION?
33. Is the RATE OF APPLICATION of the chemical emulsion as specified?
34. Check for UNIFORM APPLICATION of chemical emulsion PCC
35. Have the preceding activities for the area been completed?
36. Is the FORMWORK & DIMENSIONS acceptable?
37. Is the MIX PROPORTION as specified?
38. Is the PLACEMENT & COMPACTION acceptable?
39. Is the FINISHED LEVEL as specified?
40. Is the SURFACE FINISH acceptable?
41. Is the CURING acceptable?
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Concreting & Reinforcement

Before Concreting
42. Is the cleanliness of the area to be CONCRETED acceptable?
43. Is the FORMWORK & REINFORCEMENT as per relevant checklists?
44. Are the other preceding activities (fixing of inserts, embedment’s & service conduits, etc.)
COMPLETED?
45. Is the SUPPORT to forms & rigidity of the assembly acceptable?
46. Check for provision of ACCESS PLATFORMS & WALKWAYS
47. Check for provision and working condition of CONCRETE AIDS
48. Has the sequence been explained to & understood by the CONCRETING GROUP? 49. Check for
readiness of CONCRETE & FINISHING GROUP

During Concreting
50. Is the SLUMP of the concrete being poured?
51. Is the CONTINUOUS FLOW of concreted being ensured?
52. Is the POURING HEIGHT of concrete acceptable?
53. Is there PROPER VIBRATION for the concrete to fit tightly against all the surfaces,
reinforcements & embedment’s?
54. Is the CONCRETE BLEND being poured in separate layers?
55. Check for correct use of PLANT & MACHINERY
56. Is the concrete being poured with INITIAL SETTING time of cement?
57. Check for provision of CONSTRUCTION JOINTS, if necessary
58. Is there LEVELLING & FINISHING of exposed concrete surface for planar structures likes slabs
& pavements?

After Concreting
59. Check for suitable CURING ARRANGEMENTS
60. Is the adequate amount of CURING being ensured for the specified period?
61. Check for inserts and embedment’s EXPOSURE that are flush with the concrete surface
62. Check for MARKING of location for service conduits & fittings wherever applicable
63. Is there CORRECTIVE ACTIONS being taken for surface defects on exposed concrete?
64. Check for removal of FORMS and its cleaning

Brickwork, Size Stone & Block Work Masonry

Brickwork Masonry
65. Is there AVAILABILITY of BRICKS as per daily requirements?
66. Is the work area CLEANED off of loose mortar, concrete, debris, etc.
67. Is the ALIGNMENT & LOCATION of masonry as specified?
68. Is the SUITABILITY & SAFETY of scaffolding acceptable?
69. Check for wetting of BRICKS before using it
70. Check for MORTAR MIX PROPORTION & JOINT THICKNESS
71. Are the bricks being laid up with their FROGS UP?
72. Are the dimensions, plumb level & right angles as specified?
73. Check for BOND between old & new masonry
74. Is the staggering of vertical joints being ensured?
75. Check for the sizes of door & window openings
76. Check for CLEANING & RAKING of joints
77. Is the CURING for old masonry sufficient?
78. Check for removal of DEBRIS
Size Stone Masonry
79. Is there AVAILABILITY of SIZE STONES as per daily requirements?
80. Are the HEARTING, BOND, QUOIN & FACE STONES properly hammer dressed to
obtain desirable shapes?
81. Is the ALIGNMENT & LOCATION of masonry as desired?
82. Is the WETTING of size stones being ensured?
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83. Is the MORTAR MIX PROPORTION as specified?

84. Is the staggering of VERTICAL JOINTS being ensured?
85. Is the THICKNESS OF MORTAR JOINTS as specified?
86. Are the DIMENSIONS & LEVELS as per drawings?
87. Is the PACKING of interstices within masonry with stone chips effective?
88. Is the CLEANING & RAKING of joints being done?
89. Is the CLEANING OF DEAD MORTAR completed?
90. Is the sufficiency of CURING acceptable?
Block Work Masonry
91. Is there AVAILABILITY of BRICKS as per daily requirements?
92. Is the work area CLEANED off of loose mortar, concrete, debris, etc.?
93. Is the ALIGNMENT & LOCATION of concrete block masonry as specified in the
construction drawings?
94. Is the SUITABILITY & SAFETY of scaffolding acceptable?
95. Is the MOISTURE of concrete blocks before placing suitable?
96. Check for MORTAR MIX PROPORTION & JOINT THICKNESS
97. Check for BLOCK SIZES & WALL DIMENSIONS
98. Are the dimensions, plumb level & right angles as specified?
99. Check for BOND between old & new masonry
100. Is the staggering of VERTICAL JOINTS being ensured?
101. Check for sizes of door & window openings
102. Check for CLEANING & RAKING of joints
103. Is the CURING for old masonry sufficient?
104. Check for removal of DEBRIS
Reinforcement
105. Is the BAR BENDING SCHEDULE prepared?
106. Is the bar bending schedule AVAILABLE for reference?
107. Is the CUTTING & BENDING OF BARS as per BBS?
108. Check for CLEANLINESS of bars
109. Is the FIXING OF BARS correct as per construction drawings?
110. Is the TYING OF REINFORCEMENT with BINDING WIRE satisfactory?
111. Check for LOCATION of service conduits
112. Check for READINESS of reinforcement to release for concreting

Shuttering, Plastering & Waterproofing

Shuttering
113. Is the CLEANLINESS of forms acceptable?
114. Check for assembly of scaffolds & shutters w.r.t. SHUTTERING SCHEMES?
115. Check for provision & arrangement of SHUTTERING SCHEME 1
16. Check for RIGIDITY of assembled forms
117. Check for CONFORMANCE of the assembled forms according to the DIMENSIONS,
SHAPES, LINES & GRADE in the drawings?
118. Check for SEALING OF JOINTS & HOLES in shutter forms
119. Check for READINESS of shutter forms for release to fix reinforcement
120. Check for removal of shutter forms & scaffolds after SPECIFIED DURATION
121. Check for CLEANING of scaffolds & shutters (post removal)
122. Check for PROPER STACKING of scaffolds & shutters (post removal)
Plastering
123. Are the PRECEDING ACTIVITIES like fixing of service conduits, water supply & sanitation
lines COMPLETE?
124. Check for RAKING of MASONRY JOINTS & HACKING on RCC surfaces
125. Check for CLEANING & WASHING of masonry & RCC surfaces
126. Check for SUITABILITY & SAFETY of scaffolding
127. Check for REMOVAL of mould-releasing agent stains from the exposed concrete surfaces
128. Check for AVAILABILITY of cement & fine aggregate for plastering
29. Check for PROPER MIXING of MORTAR
130. Check for MORTAR MIX PROPORTION
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131. Check for ADDITION of WATERPROOFING COMPOUND, if specified

132. Check for completion of CEILING PLASTER prior to plastering
133. Did the PLASTERING start from the top and worked its way downwards to the floor?
134. Check for THICKNESS & NUMBER OF COATS of plaster
135. Check for true level surface, right angles & plumb
136. Is the MORTAR being consumed within the initial setting time of cement?
137. Check for STRAIGHT EDGES, SHARP CORNERS & SMOOTH FINISH
138. Check for ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES such as grooves, bands, etc
139. Check for TRUE LEVEL SURFACE & SMOOTHNESS of plaster
140. Check for REMOVAL of dead mortar & debris
141. Check for SEALING OF OPENINGS in masonry for scaffolds
142. Is the DATE OF PLASTERING marked on the plastered walls?
143. Check for CURING ARRANGEMENTS?
144. Check for curing up to SPECIFIED DURATION

Architectural Design Compliance

Tiling
146. Check for CLEANLINESS of base surface. Has the mortar and debris been removed from the
work area?
147. Have the preceding activities (fixing of doors, partitions, false ceiling, etc) been COMPLETED?
148. Check for PROVISION of service conduits, junction boxes, etc
149. Is the APPROVED PATTERN of LAYING available for reference?
150. Are SLOPES for the tiled surface finalized?
151. Check for availability of TILES & other construction aids
152. Check for availability of TILING MASONS
153. Is the MORTAR MIXING PROPORTION as specified?
154. Is the THICKNESS OF MORTAR BED acceptable?
155. Check for PATTERN of LAYING
156. Check for the THICKNESS of JOINTS between tiles
157. Check for TILING around doors, sanitary fittings, columns, partitions, etc
158. Check the FINISHING of EDGES for cut tiles
159. Check for the ADDITION of PIGMENT to cement, if required
160. Check for CURING OF TILING for the specified period
161. Check for CLEANING of tile surface
162. Check for GRINDING & POLISHING
163. Final check for TRUE LEVEL SURFACE, PATTERN, SURFACE FINISHES, SLOPE,
etc
Painting
164. Are the MANUFACTURER’S SPECIFICATIONS for painting available for reference?
165. Check for AVAILABILITY of APPROVED SHADE DETAILS
166. Check for cleaning of WALL & CEILING. Is it free from dead mortar, dirt, dust, algae, grease,
etc?
167. Check for FILLING OF PITS or UNDULATIONS in the PLASTER
168. Check for SUITABILITY & SAFETY of scaffolding
169. Is the SCAFFOLDING erected away from the surface so as to protect the surface
from being painted?
170. Check for AVAILABILITY of sufficient number of plastic emulsion containers
171. Check for availability of PAINTING GROUPS
172. Check for PRIMER APPLICATION
173. Is the PROPORTION of PAINT & WATER MIX as per manufacturer’s specifications?
174. Check for the CONSISTENCY of PAINT
175. Check for UNIFORM APPLICATION of PAINT
176. Check the NUMBER OF COATS
177. Check the INTERVAL TIME between two coats
178. Check for REMOVAL of scaffolds & cleaning
Doors & Windows
179. Check for plumb for the doorframe w.r.t. MASONRY OPENING
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180. Check for FASTENING of DOOR FRAMES to walls by screws

181. Check for PLASTERING of WINDOW FRAMES to walls by screws
182. Check for DIMENSIONS OF JAMBS & REVEALS
183. Final check for PAINT, SURFACE FINISHES & GLAZING
184. Check for REMOVAL of protective coating & cleaning of the aluminium door before
handover

Civil Execution Waterproofing

185. Is the BORE PACKING as per the specifications?
186. Is the WATERPROOFING AREA free from undulation, broken edges & others?
187. Have the loose particles been removed from the FLOOR SURFACE with putty blade
& is the surface free from dust?
188. Is the WALL TILE complete up to a minimum of 150mm above FFL?
189. Is the WATERPROOFING COMPOUND MIX done as per the manufacturer’s
guidelines?
190. Has the REINFORCING STRIP been properly embedded & overlapped without forming any air
gap in between?
191. Is the area damp before BRUSH-ON WATERPROOFING and is the application being done with
a clean roller/brush?
192. Check if the ENTIRE SURFACE is COVERED completely with the first coat of waterproofing
without any pin holes
193. Is the FIRST COAT completely DRY and is it free from dust?
194. Check for the PONDING TEST

MEP
Electrical
195. Is the FFL given from the PROJECT’S TEAM correct & verified?
196. Is BUTTON MARK LEVEL on the wall for plastering correct?
197. Have the BOXES been fixed according to the button mark?
198. Are all of the FIXED BOXES in one level?
199. Is the SPACING between adjacent BOXES correct?
200. Are the required TOOLS for CHIPPING available?
201. Has the RIGHT ANGLED CHIPPING been ensured at the corner of the chipped area? 202. Have
the CONDUITS been inserted into the box?
203. Is the PROPER SIZED BOX fixed?
204. Check for completion of PROPER CURING for all the places where chasing/chipping has been
done. Is it filled with CONCRETE/CEMENT MORTAR?
Plumbing
205. Are the latest GFC drawings for the activity available?
206. Are all the REQUIRED TOOLS available?
207. Has the necessary CLEARANCE from CIVIL EXECUTION TEAM been given to start the
plumbing work?
208. Has the CUTOUT been provided as per the approved drawings?
209. Has the BLOCK WORK PLASTERING & WATERPROOFING been completed?
210. Has the MARKING of INTERNAL PLUMBING LINES on the walls been done accurately
according to the meter marking?
211. Have the THREADED JOINTS been properly covered with teflon tape?
212. Has the CONCRETE PACKING been done properly wherever required?
213. Have the OUTLET LEVELS been levelled properly using spirit level?
214. Is the height of PLUMBING FIXTURES as per drawings?
215. Check for PROPER CURING for the concrete that has been packed
216. As per requirement, is the PROPER SLOPE being maintained for sewage and wastewater
lines?
217. Are the SHAFTS for TOILETS, fixing of CLAMS using ANCHOR BOLTS for holding pipes in
position been fixed away from the bore packing area?
218. Is PROPER SLOPE being maintained for the same as prescribed in the drawings?
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219. Check for the SOIL LINES connection to the inspection chambers at the ground level
or at the basement
220. Check if the WASTE WATER LINES are connected to the gully traps at the ground level or at
the basement and then connected to the inspection chambers
221. Check if all the TRAPS are sealed with a gunny bag & a layer of PLASTER OF PARIS at the top
to minimise the choke up problem
222. Check for the COMPLETION of PROJECT as per the floor plan & elevation

Project Management
223. Ensure HIGH QUALITY MATERIAL management
224. Check for ADHERENCE of project schedule at every stage
225. Check for PROCESS ADHERENCE at every stage
226. Check if QUALITY CHECKS are being done at every stage of the construction project