*Learn all major scales by heart for all 12 notes.

 Note theory
o 12 notes in MT.
o 7 naturals. 5 accidentals (sharps and flats)
o White keys in piano natural. Black keys are accidentals.
o A# === Bb. This is called enharmonic equivalent
 Interval theory
o Interval is basically distance between two notes
o We take C major scale as example. Notes are C C# D D# E F F# G G# A A# B
1. C -> : C# m2
2. C -> : D M2
3. C -> : D# m3
4. C -> : E M3
5. C -> : F P4
6. C -> : F# tritone
7. C -> : G P5
8. C -> : G# m6
9. C -> : A M6
10. C -> : A# m7
11. C -> : B M7
12. C -> : Octave
o Diminished -> one note below a certain note (e.g. lowering perfect 5 th by one note
i.e. lowering G by one note)
 Diminished 5th === tritone === (e.g. here its F#)
o Augmented –> one note above a certain note
 Augmented 5th === m6 === (e.g. here it’s A)
o Important intervals to remember:
 m3 : w + h
 M3 : 2w
 P5 : 3w + h
 M7 : 5w + h
 m7 : 5w
 dim 5 : 3w
 aug 5 : 4w
 Chords: Triads
o Criteria:
 Only 3 notes in them
 They need to be stacked in Thirds
 i.e. min distance between any two notes is m3
 and max distance between any two notes is M3
o 4 types
 Major
 One note is always Perfect 5th unless mentioned otherwise.
 For every chord, name tells two things. C major.
o C tells -> root
 o Maj tells -> quality
o The three notes are:
1. C (always root)
2. E (find from dist criteria. D# is m3 from C, while E is
M3. Since its major chord, so Choose M3 i.e E)
3. G (always P5)
o So triad major has three notes: Root, M3, P5
 Minor
 Triad min has three notes: Root, m3, P5
 Dim
 Diminished is mentioned. Its not mentioned that its dim5 or dim7.
So we assume it to be dim5
 So two 1 note : C, 3 note : Dim5(i.e. F#)
o For third note, only D# satisfies the second criteria. So Third
note is D#.
 Triad dim has three notes: Root, m3, Dim5
 Aug
 Similarly, Triad aug has three notes: Root, M3, Aug5