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Worksheet: Name: - Class: - Date
WORKSHEET
Chapter 2: Cells
cytoplasm
chromatin
nuclear nucleolus nucleoplasm
envelope
nucleus
5. The nucleus consists of a small round denser protoplasm called nucleoplasm which is
surrounded by a nuclear envelope. It controls the activities of cells and is essential for
cell division.
cell wall
7. The nucleus contains a network of threadlike structures that control cell activities like
cell division.
Chromatin threads condense into chromosomes when the cell is actively dividing.
1.
ribosome
Golgi apparatus
mitochondrion
4. The rough ER appears rough because small particles called ribosomes are attached to
its outer surface. The surface of the rough ER is continuous with the nucleus.
5. Ribosomes are either free in the cytoplasm or attached to rough ER. They are needed
to synthesise proteins for the cell. Ribosomes on the rough ER usually synthesise
proteins that are transported out of cells. Free ribosomes make proteins that are used
6. The smooth ER is more tubular and does not have ribosomes. It synthesises
stores and modifies substances made by the ER. The Golgi apparatus packages the
release energy.
1.
chloroplast
vacuole
tonoplast
photosynthesis.
3. Unlike animal cells which have many vacuoles containing water and food
substances, plant cells have a large central vacuole that is surrounded by the
tonoplast. The vacuole of a plant cell contains cell sap (made up of sugars, mineral
2. Haemoglobin in cytoplasm of red blood cells transports oxygen from lungs to all parts of
body. A red blood cell has no nucleus enabling it to load more oxygen. It has a
biconcave shape that increases the surface area to volume ratio for the efficient
cytoplasm containing
haemoglobin
2. Xylem vessels do not have cross walls and protoplasm. This enables water and mineral
salts to move easily through the lumen. A substance called lignin is deposited on xylem
vessels. Lignin strengthens the xylem walls and prevents xylem from collapsing.
lumen
lignin
3. A root hair cell is long and narrow. This increases the surface area to volume ratio and
allows the root hair to absorb water and mineral salts efficiently.
tissue.
2. A simple tissue is made up of cells of the same type. Examples include the epithelial
tissue and the muscle tissue in animals, and the epidermis in plants.
3. Tissues made up of several different cell types are called complex tissues. Examples
include the nervous tissue and blood tissue in animals, and the vascular tissue in plants.
5. The stomach is an example of an organ. It digests food and is made up of the glandular
6. The leaf is a plant organ. It is also made up of several types of tissues, namely, the
7. Different organs work together to form an organ system such as the digestive system and