Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Modern Automotive Technology (Computer Control Technology) PDF
Modern Automotive Technology (Computer Control Technology) PDF
Modern Automotive Technology (Computer Control Technology) PDF
acwfrDarmfawmf,mOfenf;ynmNrefrmNyef
(um;uGefysLwmenf;ynm)
Htun Myint Htay (M.E., Mechanical) Page 1
Computer Control Technology Modern Automotive Technology
rmwdum
23.1. Cybernetics
Cybernetics qdkwm pufrSkESifhvQyfppfypönf;awG b,fvdktvkyfvkyfvJqdkwmudk vl&JhcEÆmtpdwftydkif;
awG tvkyfvkyfyHkESifh ESdkif;,SOfavhvmNcif; Nzpfygonf/ tJhvdkavhvmNcif;Nzifh ydkrdkem;vnfoabmaygufapygonf/
vlh&JhOD;aESmufudk twk,lum um;rSmvnf; um;uGefysLwm wyfqiftoHk;NyKvmMuygonf/
Binary bmompum;rSm 0 or 1 udk bit vdkhac:ygonf/ 4 bit udk 1 nibble vdkhac:ygonf/ 8 bit udkawmh
1 byte (bite) vdkh ac:ygonf/ 1 byte u pum;vHk;wpfvHk; (odkh) wpfvHk;xufydkNyD; udk,fpm;NyKygonf/ 'D “Adkuf”
qdkwmpum;udk ae&mtawmfrsm;rsm;rSm toHk;NyKygonf/ Oyrm/ /zdkifqkdufu 8MB &Sdw,fqdk&if 8 x 106 byte
&Sdw,fvdkh qdkvdkygonf/
yHk (23-8) wGif Digital ESifh Analog udk ESdkif;,SOfNyxm;ygonf/ yHk (A) wGif Digital udk Nyxm;NyD; off &if rD;rvif;
yJaeNyD; on vdkuf&if rD;vif;ygonf/ Adkhtm;onf 0V uae 5V csufcsif;wufoGm;NyD; ydwfvdkufygu 0 udk
csufcsif; Nyefusygonf/ yHk (B) wGif Adkhtm;onf wNznf;Nznf;wufygonf/ 0V wGif rD;rvif;ao;yJ 3V rSm rD;
vif;ygonf/ Adkhtm;qufNrSifhvdkufygu rD;ydkvif;vmygonf/
yHk (23-10) wGif uGefysLwmqm;upfpepfwGif toHk;NyKaom Signal awGudk Nyxm;ygonf/ Adkhtm;udk a'gif;vdkuf
rsOf;rSmNyxm;NyD; tcsdefudkawmh tvsm;vdkufrsOf;rSm Nyxm;ygonf/
yHk (23-13) Duty cycle qdkwm Pulse width wpfckrSm Total cycle
time &Jhb,favmuf&mcdkifESkef;Nzifh tvkyfvkyfaevJ qdkwmudk
wdkif;wmygonf/
yHk (23-15) wGif Input awGu qefqmawGu 0g,mMudK;awGNzifh um;uGefysLwm ECU (Electronic control
module) udk qufoG,fxm;NyD; um;uGefysLwmuae Output device awGqDudk vQyfppfqif*e,fNzifh trdefhay;
apcdkif;ygonf/
Reference Voltage
Reference Voltage qdkwm twdkaumuftaeNzifh Vref vdkhac:NyD; uGefysLwmqif*e,fawGudk o,f
aqmifay;wJh taNccHAdkhtm;udk ac:ygonf/ Passive sensor rsdK;wGif um;uGefysLwmuae qefqmqDudk Adkhtm;ydkh
vTwfum Feedback NyefvmaomAdkhtm;ay:rlwnfNyD; uGefysLwmu wGufcsufygonf/ Reference Voltage onf
aNymif;vJrSk&SdrSom ckcHrSkaNymif;vJum um;uGefysLwmu aNymif;vJwJhAdkhtm;;ESifhckcHrSkay:rlwnfwGufcsufygonf/
Circuit Sensing
Circuit Sensing qdkwm
um;uGefysLwmu qefqmawGqDu&wmrsdK;r[kwfyJ um;uGefysLwmqm;upfxJ
u vQyfpD;ywfvrf;aMumif;awGrSm Nzpfay:aeaom vQyfppftm;uae owif;&,lygonf/ Oyrm/ /Fuel Injector
operation wGif tif*sufwmtwGif;rSm vQyfppfudGKifyg&SdNyD; tJh'DvsyfppfpD;rSkuae um;uGefysLwmu wdkuf&dkufwdkif;
u vdktyfwJhowif;tcsuftvufudk &,lygonf/
23.8. Computers
um;uGefysLwmvdkhac:ayrJh wu,fawmh tDvufxa&mepfqm;upfaAmufNzpfNyD; t0ifMudK;awG? txGuf
MudK;awG yg&Sdygonf/ um;xkwfvkyfolawGu um;uGefysLwmawGudk atmufygtwdkif; emrnftrsdK;rsdK;
ay;Muygonf/
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Electronic Control Unit (ECU)
Electronic Control Module (ECM)
Engine Control Module (ECM)
Electronic Control Assembly (ECA)
Powertrain Control Module (PCM)
Vehicle Control Module (VCM)
Microprocessor
Logic Module
Service manual zwfwJhtcgrSm txufygpum;vHk;awGudk um;uGefysLwmvdkh odxm;&ygrnf/
'DpmtkyfrSmawmh um;uGefysLwmudk Control Module vdkhyJ toHk;NyKoGm;ygrnf/ Nrefrmvdkuawmh um;uGefysLwm
vdkhoHk;&if oabmaygufygvdrfhrnf/
Tech Tip
aemufqHk;ay:armf',fNrifhum;awGrSm um;uGefysLwmyg0guESifh refrdk&Du t&ifuxuf ydkrsm;ygonf/ Oyrm/
/ aemufqHk;ay:armf',fNrifhum;awGrSm 16 to 64 bit processors awG toHk;NyKvmNyD; memory chip awGu
vnf; ydkMuD;ygonf/ t&ifwkef;u um;awGu 8 bit processors awG toHk;NyKcJhNyD; aemufqHk;ay:armf',fNrifh
um;awGtwGuf toHk;NyKvdkh tqifraNyEdkifawmhyg/
23.15. Actuators
tusLa&wmqdkwm uGefysLwmpepf&JhvufawGygyJ/ uGefysLwmu apcdkif;wJhtwdkif; vkyfp&m&Sdwmudk
vkyfaqmifay;ygonf/
yHk (23-23) um;uGefysLwmu Relay udkom tvkyfvkyfapum Relay rSm vQyfppfenf;enf;&&if vQyfppf
"mwftm;rsm;rsm;Nzifhtvkyfvkyfaomqm;upfudk csdwfqufay;um tvkyfvkyfapygonf/
yHk (24-1) wGif ta&mifESpfrsdK;eJhNyoxm;NyD; ta&mifazsmhu OBD I NzpfNyD; ta&mif&ifhu OBD II Nzpfygonf/
Tech Tip
um;uGefysLwmpepfwGif NyóemtNzpfrsm;wmu vQyfppfMudK;tqufawG? pufrSkydkif;qdkif&mawG ponfNzifh
Nzpfwwfygonf/ uGefysLwmpepfwGif um;uGefysLwmESifhqefqmawGu ysufpD;rSkonf 20 &mcdkifESkef;yJ &Sdyg
onf/ 'gaMumifh um;wGif NyóemwpHkw&mNzpfvmygu um;uGefysLwmudk rppfaq;cifrSm ysufavhysufx
&Sdaom pufrSkydkif;awGudkvnf; t&ifNyKNyifppfaq;oifhygonf/
Tech Tip
aemufqHk;ay:um;awGrSm CAN-compliant computer system udk toHk;NyKvmMuygonf/ tJhvdkum;awGqdk&if
CAN-compliant scan tool udkyJ toHk;NyKcsdwfquf&rSmyg/ &SdNyD;om; puefwl;awGeJh csdwfqufvdkh &rSmr[kwf
ygbl;/
yHk (24-5) (A) OBD II connector awGu 16 pin yg/ puefwl;rSm 16 pin tzdkacgif; Nzpfygonf/ (B) um;armif;
olxdkifwJhae&m 'ufbkwfatmufem;av;rSm&SdNyD; 16 pin tracgif; Nzpfygonf/ (C) um;uGefysLwmeJh
puefwl;csdwfquf&mwGif vufwpfzufeJh xdk;oGif;um csdwfqufvkduf&HkygyJ/
puefwl;uae um;&Jh VIN number (Vehicle Identification Number) udk awmif;ygonf/ um;&Jh'uf
bkwftay:em;u eHygwfNym;uae eHygwfudk &dkufxnfhay;&ygonf/
VIN data awG&wmeJh puefwl;uae bmtif*sifwyfxm;w,f? b,fvdk transmission awG wyfxm;
w,fqdkwm odoGm;ygonf/ wcsdKhum;awGusawmh um;uGefysLwmrSm VIN data awG xnfhay;xm;NyD; puefwl;
Nzifhcsdwfqufvdkufygu data awGudk csufcsif;a'gif;vkyfvkyfay;ygonf/ NyD;&if tcsuftvufawGudk a&G;cs,fay;
&ygonf/
Tech Tip
um;Nyifoltrsm;pkonf um;uGefysLwmrSmyg0ifaomtpdwftydkif;awGudk rppfaq;cifrSm Diagnostic Trouble
Codes awGudk t&ifppfaq;ygonf/ 'Denf;vrf;u ydkNyD;NrefNrefqefqef NzpfwJhNyóemudk aNc&mcHrdygonf/
yHk (24-10) OBD II pepfrSm Diagnostic Trouble Codes awGu t"dyÜg,f&Sdygonf/ Oyrmtm;Nzifh P0141 qdkwm
P onf Powertrain rSmvdkh qdkvdkygonf/ 0 onf SAE (Society of Automotive Engineers) u owfrSwfxm;wJh
twdkif; xkwfvkyfxm;Ncif; Nzpfygonf/ 1 onf Fuel and air metering system uvdkh qdkvdkygonf/ 41 onf
Fault Designator (pinpoint troubles) vdkh qdkvdkygonf/
yHk (24-14) puefwl;awGu Switch Test ESifh Actuator Test awGudk vkyfaqmifEdkifygonf/ wcgw&H tvdkt
avsmufvkyfaqmifygonf/
Htun Myint Htay (M.E., Mechanical) Page 38
Computer Control Technology Modern Automotive Technology
24.2.10. Actuator Diagnostic Test
Actuator Diagnostic Test qdkwm tif*sifvnfaepOfNzpfNzpf? &yfxm;pOfNzpfNzpf output devices awG
udk um;uGefysLwmu cdkif;apyHkawGudk prf;oyfppfaq;Edkifygonf/ tusLa&wmawGtvkyfvkyfaewmudk awGhNrif
Edkifygonf/ Actuator Test vkyfoifhwJhae&mawGuawmh
Fire or prevent the firing of the ignition coil,
avmifpmqDNzef;ay;aom Fule injector tzGifhtydwf?
Idle speed motor or solenoid &Jh vnfywfyHk?
Digital valve solenoid tvkyfvkyfyHkawGudk prf;oyfppfaq;oifhygonf/
yHk (25-2) puefwl;u um;&Jhb,fae&mrSm NyóemawGNzpfaevJ tNrJazmfNyygonf/ yHk (A)wGif “Read DTC
Options” uae (1) Stored DTCs (2) Pending DTCs (3) Manufacturer data awG a&G; Edkifygonf/ yHk (B)wGif
DTC ESpfck&Sdw,fvdkh qdkvdkygonf/ yHk (C)wGif puefwl;u mass or volume airflow sensor circuit rSm
uGefysLwmudk Adkhtm;enf;enf;Nzifh ydkhaew,fvdkh qdkvdkygonf/ yHk (D)wGif um;rSm misfire, fuel system,
component, catalyst converter awG aumif;rGefaMumif; zwfay;ygonf/ yHk (E)wGif tif*sifrylwmaMumifh
catalyst converter u NS – No Signal, evaporative emission control system u yHkrSeftvkyfvkyfaew,fvdkh
qdkvdkygonf/ tJ,m;uGef;zGifhrxm;awmh NS – No Signal qdkvdkygonf/ yHk (F)wGif atmufqD*sifqefqmESpfckvHk;
aumif;w,f? tif*sifrylwmaMumifh EGR system u NS – No Signal qdkvdkygonf/
To be continue