Ultra Wideband Planner Antenna

Introduction

Currently, there is an increased interest in ultra-wideband (UWB) technology for use in several
present and future applications. Ultra-wideband RF technologies are increasingly used as a
means of short-range, high-bandwidth communications utilizing very low power levels spreading
the transmitted signal over a significantly large portion of the radio spectrum, commonly
between 3.1–10.5 GHz. The UWB technology has advantage from the power consumption point
of view. Due to spreading the energy of the UWB signals over a large frequency band, the
maximum power available at the antenna as part of UWB system will be as small as in order of
0.5mW according to the FCC spectral mask [1]. Ultra wideband wireless communication
systems are defined as any radio system that has a -10dB bandwidth larger than 25 % with
respect to the center frequency. UWB is a carrier-less short range communications technology
which transmits the information in the form of very short pulses.

The antenna for transmission and reception of UWB signal is a

important component of UWB system. An UWB antenna transmits and receives the signal over
a ultra wide band frequency range covering band width of UWB signal with no distortion
(ideally) or as small distortion as possible. Various antennas used for pulse signal for instance,
transverse electromagnetic (TEM) horn, bow-tie, log-periodic, spiral and conical antennas [2]