Shh aannook

pee sspsxxeee

Angles on a line

The
angles on a
straight line add
up
to 1800

¥¥ Otb
e

= 180
Ctoltetf = 1800

Angles at a
point

÷:{ee.ssomfotetihni.is
at btctd te = 360°

Opposite angles

Opposite angles

t
are
a

#
equal .

So OKC and b. =D .

-
C
 Parallel lines

Angles like these called

⇐
g- are

corresponding angles
( Look for the letter F)
Corresponding angles
are equal .

like these
Tf
¥
Angles
areaeafefeneadte angles
( Look for the letter 2)
Alternate
angles
are equal .

like these
-7¥
¥
Angles
interfered angles
"

( Look for the letter C )

Interior
add
angles
to
°
up 180
 Angles in a
triangle A

µ
The three
angles -

atingle
in

tt
prove this
We can
by drawing a line
through C parallel
to AB

A
angles )
b =D ( alternate -

( alternate
c e
angles )
-

d + ate = 1800

(
angles on a
straight line ) &
B C.
So at btc = 180

¥: ::::÷:::: .
atria
.ee
equals the sum
of
the opposite
interior
angles
e = atb
ya Te
 Special triangles
Equilateral triangle

iolite sit:*:& inter:O:&:

'

Twi
.
all three interior
angles are 60

Iso seles triangle

A

#
An isosceles
triangle is a
triangle
fifth ¥: :*::ein¥¥÷a:: therefore .

#
xx

B c

Right angled triangle

-

A
right-angled triangle has

interior; too .

I
 Angles in a quadrilateral
B.

\
The
four angles in
A #

µ
a. danger; :3
er b
.

a + b t c + d = 360°

Td
as

c.

Special quadrilaterals
-

A B

T#

f f
A has
opposite
sides .testifies : :: :.
in .
.

Its opposite angles are

equal 2 BABOON
# c
Its bisect each other
diagonals D

tangent! euothoesite
sides
-

are
parallel and
equal
-

DT 11 Me
A
A rhombus is

#k
a
parallelogram *
with all sides
equal
-
1
The
opposite angles are
equal D B

*
 Soleure A B
A parallelogram with all

f
itfssodegeeemareinotndau -

7 I 1-
c
D

kite
A kite quadrilateral

qi
is a

÷÷÷¥::i : :# iii.
"
site
between the sides

of different lengths
are
equal

A f has two
only A-B

/ \
parallel sides

D-
Example 1

In the AE
diagram ,
is
parallel to BD .

1¥
-

)
360 ( a

E
#
Work out the size
of a

Answer
-

A' 13=780
= ( alternate angles )
Et Et E 188 ( The add to 1800 )
angles triangle
=

of a
up
780-1 at 360=1800 a = 660

Example 2

ABC and BCD are isosceles

triangles
¥7
.

AB is parallel to CD D
148
.

AEE

µ
1400 XC

-
=

Fiandwetheangeex ,

AEE is an exterior
angle of D ABC

( FB t ABC 1400 =
y
A B
( ABC is isosceles )
r

( FB = ABC

so ABC 700 =

ABC BED ( alternate

angles )
=

BED CBD 70 ( ABC is isosceles )

= =

angle x = 400
Example 3

Work out the

angle of
ABC .

¥t¥¥ F
E

Answered( vertically
D= x opposite angles )
FED t CIE = 1800 ( interior
angles of parallel lines )
34=1800 x=6O°
BAC = 500 ( BAC = X -
to )
ABT = 70 ( angle sum
of a
triangle )
B

A
Example 4

ABCD is a
quadrilateral c.) 1200
with angles as shown .

A
-
¥00
D
Find
lol)
angle x .

(b) Show that BC is

perpendicular to AD .

Answered
lol) ABC = 30 ( angles on a
straight line add up to 180 )
DEB =
2400 ( angles at a
point sum to 360° )
x = 360 -
50 -
30 -
240 = 40 ( internal angles of a quadrilateral sum
)
to 360
 B
(b) Extend BC to meet AD

site :
.is:9/tEiso
E

"nE o* ::* :* .

A E D
BC is
perpendicular to AD .

Example 5

In this quadrilateral angles PQR and QRS

,

are
equal .

Angle QRS =
If times the size
Q R

Is
the
of angle PSR .

Angle PSR is twice

iii. Into:& : ::& .. .

Ariswer
Let QPS
angle = x . Then
angle PSR =
2x

Angle QRS =
I f- x 2X =

Z x 2X = 3X

Angle PQR =

angle QRS =3 X

Angles in quadrilateral sum to 360?

So × -12×+3×+3X 360° 360° 48

=
ax =
x =

Angle QPS = 400

 Regular polygons
A
polygon is
regular if all its interior
angles are
equal and all
its sides have the same
length .

Below three regular

polygons
are

It
square
Hexagon
'

Pentagon

1800-36nI.soeachexteriorangeeis3.CO
-

In with
a
regular polygon n sides each interior
angle is

Example 6

Calculate the size the exterior and interior

of a
angle for a

regular 12 -
sided
polygon

Ariswer

Exterior
angle is
36,21=300
Interior 1800 300=1500
angle is -
Example 7

The diagram shows

part of a
regular polygon . Each interior
angle is
1440

I✓ 1440
.

(a) What is the

of each exterior angle of the polygon ?
size

How sides does the have ?

(b) many polygon

-
Answer
(a) 1800 -

144 = 360

(b) 361 n =

33¥ n = to
 Irregular polygons
A polygon all its sides the
is
regular if are same
length and
all its the
angles are same size .

If i'his is not the it

case is
irregular .

-
-

fr
h
>
I ¥¥
#y
'
'
'

- .
.

Interior Exterior
angle
angle

- i
#

The exterior
angles polygon of any add
up
to 360°

[Cn-2)l#/
-

The sum
of all interior angles of any polygon with n sides is
T1. Angles - Polygons

Questions
Q1.

The diagram shows a pentagon ABCDE.

DC is parallel to AB.
The size of an exterior angle at A is 67
The size of an exterior angle at B is 112
The size of an exterior angle at C is x
The size of an exterior angle at D is 74
The size of an exterior angle at E is y
(a) (i) Work out the value of x.

x = ...........................................................
(ii) Work out the value of y.

y = ...........................................................
(4)
(b) Work out the sum of the interior angles of the pentagon ABCDE.

...........................................................°
(2)

(Total for question = 6 marks)

Q2.
Work out the size of each exterior angle of a regular polygon with 15 sides.

........................................................... °

(Total for Question is 2 marks)

Q3.

ABCD is a parallelogram.
Angle DCB = 110°
X is the point on DC such that AX bisects the angle DAB.

Calculate the size of angle AXC.

........................................................... °

(Total for question = 4 marks)

Q4.

Here is a regular 10-sided polygon.

Work out the value of x.

Show your working clearly.

x = ...........................................................
(Total for question = 4 marks)
Q5.

ABCD is a parallelogram.
BEFC is a rhombus.

Angle DAB = 142°

Angle CBE = 62°

Calculate the value of x.

x = ...........................................................

(Total for question = 3 marks)

Q6.

ABC and EDC are straight lines. AE is parallel to BD. Angle EAC = 40° Angle ACE = 30°
Work out the size of angle x. Give reasons for your answer.

x = ........................................................... °
(Total for question = 3 marks)
Q7.

ABCDEF is a hexagon.
G is a point on AF.H is a point on BC.GH is parallel to AB.
(a) Give a reason why x = 107
..............................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) Work out the value of y.

y = ...........................................................
(4)

(Total for question = 5 marks)

Q8.

ADB and AEB are triangles. ABC is a straight line. AD is parallel to BE.
(a) Find the value of y.

y = ...........................................................
(1)
 (b) Find the value of z.

z = ...........................................................
(2)

(Total for Question is 3 marks)

Q9.

Here is a kite ABCD.

Angle DAB = 111°

Angle ADC = 90°

(a) Work out the size of angle ABC.

........................................................... °
(2)

Two of these kites are arranged so that a shorter side of one of the kites is placed on top of a shorter side
of the other kite, as shown in the diagram below.

(b) Work out the size of angle x.

........................................................... °
(2)
(c) Work out the size of angle y.

........................................................... °
(3)

(Total for question = 7 marks)

Q10.

AB is parallel to CD
EF is a straight line.

(a) (i) Find the value of x

x = ...........................................................

(ii) Give a reason for your answer.

.............................................................................................................................................

.............................................................................................................................................
(2)
Here is a pentagon.

(b) Work out the value of y.

y = ...........................................................
(3)

(Total for question = 5 marks)

Q11.

The diagram shows a parallelogram ABCD.

Angle BAD = (7x – 20)°

Angle ADC = (160 – 3x)°

Work out the value of x. Show clear algebraic working.

x = ...........................................................

(Total for question = 3 marks)

Q12.

Each interior angle of a regular polygon is 156°

Work out the number of sides of the polygon.

...........................................................

(Total for question = 3 marks)

Q13.

The diagram shows an equilateral triangle ABC and an isosceles triangle BCD.
AB = AC = BC = CD.
Angle ABD = x°

Express the size of angle ACD in terms of x°, giving your answer as simply as possible.
Give a reason for each step in your working.

...........................................................°

(Total for Question is 4 marks)

Q14.

Work out the size of an exterior angle of a regular polygon with 8 sides.

........................................................... °

(Total for question = 2 marks)

Q15.

The size of each interior angle of a regular polygon with n sides is 140°

Work out the size of each interior angle of a regular polygon with 2n sides.

........................................................... °

(Total for question = 5 marks)

Q16.

(a) Find the sum of the interior angles of a polygon with 7 sides.

........................................................... °
(2)
The diagram shows a regular polygon with 7 sides.

(b) Work out the value of x. Give your answer correct to 1 decimal place.

...........................................................
(2)

(Total for question = 4 marks)

Q17.

Four of the angles of a pentagon are 97°, 114°, 127° and 84°.
Work out the size of the fifth angle.

...........................................................°
(2)

(Total for question = 4 marks)

Q18.

The diagram shows a parallelogram ABCD.

In the diagram, all the angles are in degrees.

Work out the value of x and the value of y.

x = ...........................................................

y = ...........................................................

(Total for Question is 4 marks)

Q19.

The diagram shows part of a regular polygon.

The interior angle and the exterior angle at a vertex are marked.
The size of the interior angle is 7 times the size of the exterior angle.

Work out the number of sides of the polygon.

...........................................................

(Total for Question is 3 marks)

Q20.

The diagram shows a regular 5-sided polygon.

(a) Work out the value of x.

x = ...........................................................
(2)

The diagram shows a regular 6-sided polygon.

(b) Work out the value of y.

y = ...........................................................
(2)

(Total for Question is 4 marks)

Q21.

The diagram shows two congruent regular pentagons and part of a regular n-sided
polygon A.Two sides of each of the regular pentagons and two sides of A meet at the point P.
Calculate the value of n.Show your working clearly.

n = ...........................................................

(Total for question = 5 marks)

Q22.
The diagram shows an incomplete regular polygon.

The size of each interior angle is 140 degrees greater than the size of each exterior angle.

Work out the number of sides the regular polygon has.

...............................

(Total for question = 4 marks)

Q23.

EFG is a triangle.
AB is parallel to CD.

(a) Write down the value of p

p = ...........................................................
(1)
(b) Write down the value of q

q = ...........................................................
(1)
Here is a hexagon.

(c) Work out the value of x

x = ...........................................................
(3)

(Total for question = 5 marks)

Q24.

Each exterior angle of a regular polygon is 18°

Work out the number of sides of this regular polygon.

...........................................................

(Total for question = 2 marks)

Q25.

LMN is parallel to PQR.

QM = QR.
Angle RMN = x°
Angle MQR = y°

(a) Write down an expression for y in terms of x.

y = ...........................................................
(2)
ABCDEF is a hexagon.

(b) Work out the value of k.

k = ...........................................................
(4)

(Total for question = 6 marks)

 Bearings and scale
drawings
Bearings are measured

•• clockwise a
Niro
north
Wing E

¥
Boo from
A ;

÷ :: : : :::*: :: :: :
<&→
W
r s
E

Example 8 B
North ^

)¥
amor th

(a)
•
¥ .

B
Cb

•
•
A

A
B.

from A
?
what
bearing of B
is the

(a) B 720 A
is on a
bearing of from

(b) B is on a
bearing of 2550 from A .
Example 9

A 50000
map has a scale of 1 :
.

what is the real

life distance in kilometres for
-

6 cue on the map ?

Answer
-

-%./%%%2#
|¥a¥e
I

6 cue represents 6 x 50000 = 300 000 cm

300000 cue = 300000 : 100 = 3000 we

3000 we = 3000 : 1000 = 3 Kue

Example to

The scale on a
map is 1 : 25000

(a) On the the distance between two schools is to Work out

map , cue .

the real -

life distance between the schools .

Give
your answer in km .

distance between two is 4 Work out the

(b) real Km
The -

life farms .

the map Give answer in cue

distance between the farms on .

your .

Answer
-

(a) Map Real

life X = 10X 25000=250 000 cue = 2500 we = 2 5km
-

I 25000

to x;

(b) Map Real -

life X = 4- = 0.00016 km = 0.16 we = 16 cue

25000 25000
l
X 4
Example 11

bearing Paris Airport 1439

of Palermo Airport from
The is

Calculate the
bearing of Paris
-

Airport from Palermo Airport .

-
Answer

AN

↳ 430

!¥④
N
Poe

Palermo

W =
1800-1430=370

So the
is 3600-370
bearing of
Paris from Palermo
= 3230 .
 Constructions

Example 12

with sides 11cm

Construct a
triangle ,
8cm and 6 cue

• Draw the 8 cue line

to 6
Open your compasses
• cue .

Place the point at one end

of
the 8 cue line .
Draw an arc

•
Open your compasses to 11 cue .

Draw another arc the

from

other end the 8

of cue

• Join the intersection of the

to each end
of the
arcs

8 cue line Do not erase

.

your construction marks

 Perpendicular bisector

Example 13

Construct its perpendicular bisector

Draw a line 9cm
long .
.

•• Use a ruler to draw the line

••
Open your compasses to more

the line
than half the
length of .

Peace the point on one end

of
the line and draw an arc above and below

to the
•
Keeping the cow
passes open same

distance , the
move the point of
to the other end the
compasses of

line and draw a similar arc

•• Join the points where the arcs intersect .

Do not erase constructions marks

your .

This vertical line is the perpendicular

bisector
 A ee Bisector
ng

Draw bisector
angle of 809 Construct the angle
an .

•• Draw an
angle of 800 using a protractor

••
Open your compasses and place the point
at the vertex
of the angle .

Draw an arc that crosses both arms

of
the

angle .

••
Keep the compasses open to the same

distance Move them to

.
one
of the points
where the arc crosses an arm .
Make

in the
an arc middle of
the
angle .

Do the the
for where
• same arc

crosses the other arm .

Join the vertex the

angle to the
•
of
point where the two small arcs intersect .

Do not erase construction marks

your
This line bisector
is the
angle
 similar
triangles
Two
triangles are said to be similar when they have the
angles
equal and the sides proportional

If one
of
these
facts is true then the other two must also
be true .

Example 14

Which
of
these
triangles are similar to each other ?

TI T T

LIFE
2

67
§
Gso
✓
The
angle sum
of a
triangle is 180

Therefore in Ty the angles are 550,60 and 650

in T2 H H H 450 68 i, 75
°

In T3 11 11 11 550 ,
GO n 650

Therefore the
triangles Te and Tz are similar .
Example 15

Find x and in the

following diagram if A-
E D= F
y
=
,
,

B C #F
u
×

It
g-

# A

D
A = E
,
B E =
, therefore I =D .

The
triangles ABC and DEF are similar .

¥7 TIE ¥ (corresponding sides

= =
are in the same
)
ratio

Ef =

-4g =
¥

f- If Gy 32
y 36-2 If
-

= -
= =

I TI 8x 72 x 9
= =
=
or
a
r