FUNCTIONS AND EQUATIONS

DOMAIN-RANGE-COMPOSITE-INVERSE

1. Let f(x) = 7 – 2x and g(x) = x + 3.

(a) Find (g ° f)(x).

(b) Write down g–1(x).

(c) Find (f ° g–1)(5).

2. Let f(x) = x2 and g(x) = 2x – 3.

(a) Find g–1(x).

(b) Find (f ° g)(4).

3. Let f(x) = k log2 x.

(a) Given that f–1(1) = 8, find the value of k.

IB Questionbank Maths SL 1
 2
(b) Find f–1   .
3

4. The functions f and g are defined by f : x  3x, g : x  x + 2.

(a) Find an expression for (f ° g)(x).

(b) Find f–1(18) + g–1(18).

5. The functions f (x) and g (x) are defined by f (x) = ex and g (x) = ln (1+ 2x).

(a) Write down f −1(x).

(b) (i) Find ( f ◦ g) (x).

(ii) Find ( f ◦ g)−1 (x).

IB Questionbank Maths SL 2
6. Let f (x) = ln (x + 5) + ln 2, for x  –5.

(a) Find f −1(x).

Let g (x) = ex.

(b) Find (g ◦ f) (x), giving your answer in the form ax + b, where a, b, .

7. Let f(x) = 2x3 + 3 and g(x) = e3x – 2.

(a) (i) Find g(0).

(ii) Find (f ° g)(0).

(b) Find f–1(x).

IB Questionbank Maths SL 3
 3
8. The function f is defined by f(x) = , for –3 < x < 3.
9  x2

(a) On the grid below, sketch the graph of f.

(b) Write down the equation of each vertical asymptote.

(c) Write down the range of the function f.

9. The function f is given by f (x) = e(x–11) –8.

(a) Find f –1(x).

(b) Write down the domain of f –l(x).

IB Questionbank Maths SL 4
10. Find the exact value of x in each of the following equations.

(a) 5x+1 = 625

(b) loga (3x + 5) = 2

3
11. The function f is defined by f ( x)  , for –3 < x < 3.
9 – x2

(a) On the grid below, sketch the graph of f.

(b) Write down the equation of each vertical asymptote.

(c) Write down the range of the function f.

IB Questionbank Maths SL 5
 12. The functions f and g are defined by f :  3x, g : x  x  2 .

(a) Find an expression for (f  g) (x).

(b) Show that f –l (18) + g–l (18) = 22.

5x
13. Let g (x) = 3x – 2, h (x) = , x  4.
x4

(a) Find an expression for (h ◦ g) (x). Simplify your answer.

(b) Solve the equation (h ◦ g) (x) = 0.

14. Solve the following equations.

(a) ln (x + 2) = 3.

(b) 102x = 500.

IB Questionbank Maths SL 6
15. Solve the equation ex = 4 sin x, for 0 ≤ x ≤ 2π.

16. Solve log2x + log2(x – 2) = 3, for x > 2.

17. Consider the function f(x) = px3 + qx2 + rx. Part of the graph of f is shown below.

The graph passes through the origin O and the points A(–2, –8), B(1, –2) and C(2, 0).

IB Questionbank Maths SL 7
 (a) Find three linear equations in p, q and r.

(b) Hence find the value of p, of q and of r.

18. Let ƒ (x) = 3 sin 2x, for 1  x  4 and g (x) = −5x2 + 27x − 35 for 1  x  4. The graph of ƒ is
shown below.

(a) On the same diagram, sketch the graph of g.

(b) One solution of ƒ (x) = g (x) is 1.89. Write down the other solution.

(c) Let h (x) = g (x) − ƒ (x). Given that h (x)  0 for p  x  q, write down the value of p and
of q.

IB Questionbank Maths SL 8
19. Solve the following equations.

(a) logx 49 = 2

(b) log2 8 = x

1
(c) log25 x = 
2

(d) log2 x + log2(x – 7) = 3

20. Let f (x) = x3 − 4 and g (x) = 2x.

(a) Find (g ◦ f ) (−2).

(b) Find f −1 (x).

21. Consider f(x) = x 5 .

(a) Find

(i) f(11);

(ii) f(86);

(iii) f(5).

IB Questionbank Maths SL 9
 (b) Find the values of x for which f is undefined.

(c) Let g(x) = x2. Find (g ° f)(x).

22. Let f(x) = ex+3.

(a) (i) Show that f–1(x) = ln x – 3.

(ii) Write down the domain of f–1.

1
(b) Solve the equation f–1(x) = ln  .
 x

23. Consider f(x) = 2 – x2, for –2 ≤ x ≤ 2 and g(x) = sin ex, for –2 ≤ x ≤ 2. The graph of f is given
below.

IB Questionbank Maths SL 10
 (a) On the diagram above, sketch the graph of g.

(b) Solve f(x) = g(x).

(c) Write down the set of values of x such that f(x) > g(x).

24. Let f (x) = loga x, x  0.

(a) Write down the value of

(i) f (a);

(ii) f (1);

(iii) f (a4 ).

(b) The diagram below shows part of the graph of f.

y

1
f

–2 –1 0 1 2 x

–1

–2

On the same diagram, sketch the graph of f−1.

IB Questionbank Maths SL 11
25. Let f be the function given by f(x) = e0.5x, 0 ≤ x ≤ 3.5. The diagram shows the graph of f.

(a) On the same diagram, sketch the graph of f–1.

(b) Write down the range of f–1.

(c) Find f–1(x).

IB Questionbank Maths SL 12
26. Let f(x) = x cos (x – sin x), 0 ≤ x ≤ 3.

(a) Sketch the graph of f on the following set of axes.

(b) The graph of f intersects the x-axis when x = a, a ≠ 0. Write down the value of a.

1
27. Let g(x) = x sin x, for 0 ≤ x ≤ 4.
2

(a) Sketch the graph of g on the following set of axes.

(b) Hence find the value of x for which g(x) = –1.

IB Questionbank Maths SL 13
28. Let f (x) = ln (x + 2), x  −2 and g (x) = e(x−4), x  0.

(a) Write down the x-intercept of the graph of f.

(b) (i) Write down f (−1.999).

(ii) Find the range of f.

(c) Find the coordinates of the point of intersection of the graphs of f and g.

29. Let f (x) = x  4 , x  − 4 and g (x) = x2, x  .

(a) Find (g ◦ f ) (3).

(b) Find f −1(x).

(c) Write down the domain of f −1.

x
30. Let f (x) = e–x, and g (x) = , x  –1. Find
1 x

(a) f –1 (x);

(b) (g ° f ) (x).

IB Questionbank Maths SL 14
 x
31. Let f (x) = 2x, and g (x) = , (x  2).
x–2

Find

(a) (g  f ) (3);

(b) g–1 (5).

32. Let f (x) = 2x + 1 and g (x) = 3x2 – 4.

Find

(a) f –1(x);

(b) (g  f ) (–2);

(c) ( f  g) (x).

IB Questionbank Maths SL 15
33. Let f(x) = log3 x , for x > 0.

(a) Show that f–1(x) = 32x.

(b) Write down the range of f–1.

Let g(x) = log3 x, for x > 0.

(c) Find the value of (f –1 ° g)(2), giving your answer as an integer.

π π
34. Let f (x) = 4 tan2 x – 4 sin x,   x .
3 3

(a) On the grid below, sketch the graph of y = f (x).

(b) Solve the equation f (x) = 1.

IB Questionbank Maths SL 16
35. Two functions f, g are defined as follows:

f : x  3x + 5
g : x  2(1 – x)

Find

(a) f –1(2);

(b) (g  f )(–4).

36. The function f is given by f (x) = x2 – 6x + 13, for x  3.

(a) Write f (x) in the form (x – a)2 + b.

(c) Find the inverse function f –1.

(d) State the domain of f –1.

(e)

IB Questionbank Maths SL 17
37. Given that f (x) = 2e3x, find the inverse function f –1(x).

1
38. Solve the equation log9 81 + log9 + log9 3 = log9 x.
9

39. The function f is defined by

3
f :xa 3 – 2x , x .
2

Evaluate f –1(5).

IB Questionbank Maths SL 18
 1
40. Consider the functions f (x) = 2x and g (x) = , x  3.
x 3

(a) Calculate (f ◦ g) (4).

(c) Find g−1(x).

(c) Write down the domain of g−1.

41. Let f(x) = 3x, g(x) = 2x – 5 and h(x) = (f ° g)(x).

(a) Find h(x).

(b) Find h–1(x).

IB Questionbank Maths SL 19
42. (a) On the following diagram, sketch the graphs of y = ex and y = cos x
for –2  x  1.
y
2

x
–2 –1 0 1
–1

–2

(b) The equation ex = cos x has a solution between –2 and –1.

Find this solution.

43. Let f (x) = x , and g (x) = 2x. Solve the equation

(f –1  g)(x) = 0.25.

IB Questionbank Maths SL 20
44. (a) Sketch, on the given axes, the graphs of y = x2 and y – sin x for –1  x  2.

–1 –0.5 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 x

(b) Find the positive solution of the equation

x2 = sin x,

giving your answer correct to 6 significant figures.

45. Solve the equation ex = 5 – 2x, giving your answer correct to four significant figures.

IB Questionbank Maths SL 21
46. Consider the function f : x  x  1, x  – 1

(a) Determine the inverse function f –1.

(b) What is the domain of f –1?

47. The function f is given by f (x) = 1n ( x  2) . Find the domain of the function.

48. Two functions f and g are defined as follows:

f (x) = cos x, 0  x  2;

g (x) = 2x + 1, x .

Solve the equation (g  f)(x) = 0.

IB Questionbank Maths SL 22
49. The diagram shows three graphs.

B
y
A

A is part of the graph of y = x.

B is part of the graph of y = 2x.

C is the reflection of graph B in line A.

Write down

(a) the equation of C in the form y =f (x);

(b) the coordinates of the point where C cuts the x-axis.

IB Questionbank Maths SL 23
 6–x
50. Consider the functions f : x  4(x – 1) and g : x  .
2

(a) Find g–1.

(b) Solve the equation ( f ° g–1) (x) = 4.

51. Solve the equation log27 x = 1 – log27 (x – 0.4).

52. Let f (x) = 3x – ex–2 – 4, for –1  x  5.

(a) Find the x-intercepts of the graph of f.

IB Questionbank Maths SL 24
 (b) On the grid below, sketch the graph of f.

y
3
2
1

x
–2 –1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
–1
–2
–3
–4
–5
–6
–7
–8
–9
–10

(c) Write down the gradient of the graph of f at x = 2.

IB Questionbank Maths SL 25