10

vacuum state (in Ref. [7], the CMB statistics is Gaussian). Here, we just calculate the matter power spectrum to
demonstrate that it fits reasonably well the available astrophysical observations for some values of the free parameters.
In addition, this illustrates well the fact that, using the available observations, we can already put some constraints
on the free parameters. In Ref. [8], although the model considered was slightly different, the multipole moments were
computed and shown to be in agreement with the data if the number of quanta is a few. Therefore, having given all
these reasons, it seems logical to concentrate in the present article on the matter power spectrum.

1. Choice of the weight function

We first need to choose the function h(k) such that it satisfies the conditions described above. A simple ansatz is
 
k
h(k) = A + B tanh α ln . (43)
kb

In this equation, kb represents the privileged (comoving) wave-number and α is a parameter which controls the
sharpness of the function h(k). The argument of the hyperbolic tangent is expressed in terms of the logarithm of the
wave-number in order to guarantee that k ∈ [0, +∞[, see, e.g., Ref. [32]. A and B are two coefficients that we are
going to fix now. We have h(0) = A − B and h(∞) = A + B. Therefore, the requirement that the state be normalized
translates into the condition B = 1/2. In fact, it is easy to see that h̄(k) does not depend on A. The function h̄(k)
can be written as
  
1 k
h̄(k) = 1 − tanh α ln . (44)
2 kb

We can easily check that h̄(0) = 1 and that h̄(∞) = 0. To make the connection with the literature, note that
we are not taking a0 = 1 today. Rather, a0 = 2ℓH ≈ 6000 h−1 Mpc which implies that a preferred scale located at
0.004 h Mpc−1 [32] corresponds to a comoving kb = 24 in our case, while a preferred scale located at 0.052 h Mpc−1 [27]
yields kb = 312 in our units. In order to illustrate the different forms of the initial spectrum, the function h̄(k) is
represented in Fig. 2.

FIG. 2: The function h̄(k) for α = 2 (continuous line), α = 5 (dotted line) and α = 10 (dashed line).