THE EFFICACY OF OUTBREAK RESPONSE IMMUNIZATION (ORI) IMPLEMENTATION IN

REDUCING DIPHTERIA CASES IN BLITAR FROM 2014 -2019

Dewi Astasari, William Prayogo Susanto
Pediatric Departement, Mardi Waluyo General Hospital, Blitar, Indonesia

Background Outbreak Response Immunization (ORI) is one of the ways to overcome the outbreak of a

disease. The number of diphteria cases had been increased in East Java since 2011. The East Java
Provincial Health Office was then implemented ORI to prevent transmission of diphtheria disease. In
Blitar City, ORI was given to all contact to diphtheria patients since 2016. The Ministry of Health of the
Republic of Indonesia also implemented ORI in children aged 1 to 19 years from December 2017 to
January 2018.

Objective To examine the efficacy of ORI in reducing diphtheria by compare the case of diphtheria
before and after ORI implementation from 2014 until 2019

Methode A retrospective cohort study was conducted, based on surveillance data collected at Blitar
Health Office. The number of patient who suffered from diphtheria, clinically and laboratory confirmed,
was calculated each year since 2014 until 2019. The normal distribution of data was analyzed with
Saphiro-Wilk test. The number of cases each year were then analyzed using Independent T-test.

Result For six years period since 2014, there were 55 cases reported from all 3 sub-districts, with the
peak at 2017 (17 cases). Most patients were below 15 years old (52; 94,5 %), with the largest proportion
was between 6 until 10 years of age (36 cases). Based on immunization status, only 16 (29,1%) patients
who completely immunized. Thirty-nine cases reported before ORI implementation (70,9%),and sixteen
cases reported after ORI implementation (29,1 %). There were no significant difference of the number of
diphteria cases per year before and after ORI implementation ( p value = 1.108)

Conclusion The case of diphtheria was reduced after ORI implementation in Blitar city, however there
were no difference in the number of cases per year before and after ORI implementation.

Keywords : ORI, Diphteria