Column Design: Design Calculations Page 1 of 76

COLUMN DESIGN CALCULATIONS

Project Name : two storey market complex
Client Name : Engr. I. Z Akobo
Engineer Name : Group Two
Analysis File : C:\Users\Okec Etisalat\Documents\Books\OKEBEN
SERVICES\STAADPRO\TWO STOREY MARKET COMPLEX
BUILDING.STD
Analysis Last Modified : 9/26/2019 10:34:31 PM

Definitions Of Terms:
All forces in units kN and m
All reinforcement details like area, spacing in mm
Grade Of steel for 6 mm dia. bars is Fe250. It is irrespective of the grade of steel defined by
user in column design.
Neutral axis angle for resultant design moment is with respect to local major axis.
Strain at level considered, Calculated ignoring the
1 ε1 =
stiffening of the concrete in tension zone
2 εm = Average steel strain at level considered
Distance from the point considered to the surface of
3 acr =
the nearest longitudinal bar
4 b = Effective Width of Column in mm
5 B = Width / Smaller Dimension of Column in mm
6 d = Effective Depth of Column in mm
Depth / Larger Dimension of Column OR Diameter
7 D =
of Circular Column in mm
Diameter Of core measured to the outside of
8 Dk =
circular link
9 Ec = Modulus of elasticity of concrete
10 Es = Modulus of elasticity of steel
11 FcPerm = Permissible Stress in Concrete required in N/sqmm
12 Fst = Stress in steel
13 FstPerm = Permissible Stress in Steel required in N/sqmm
Characteristic compressive strength of concrete
14 Fck =
cube in N/sqmm
15 Fy = Yield Stress Of Steel in N/sqmm
Longer dimension of rectangular link measuered to
16 h =
its outer face
17 k = Reduction factor for slenderness moments
Additional moment due to slenderness about major
18 Max =
axis (Along D)
Additional moment due to slenderness about minor
19 May =
axis (Along B)
20 Mminx = Moment due to minimum eccentricity along D
21 Mminy = Moment due to minimum eccentricity along B
22 Mux = Factored moment Along D

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 2 of 76

23 Muy = Factored moment Along B

24 Mud-x = Converted Uniaxial Design Moment Along X
25 Mud-y = Converted Uniaxial Design Moment Along Y
Moment capacity of section for NA angle at design
26 MCap =
Pu
Resultant design moment at angle to local major
27 MRes =
axis
28 Pb = Axial capacity of column as defined in 39.7.1.1
29 Pu = Factored axial force
30 S = Link Spacing
31 Shear Strength Enhancement = Enhanced shear strength of concrete as per 3.4.5.12
32 Vur = Factored resultant shear force acting on the column
33 Vux = Factored shear force Along D
34 Vuy = Factored shear force Along B
35 Wcr = Surface Crack Width
36 WcrPerm = Permissible Crack Width required in mm
It is a Neutral Axis angle corresponding to load
37 β =
angle to find out MCap

Code References:
BS 8110 Part - 1
ELEMENT BS- Reference
1 Max area of reinforcement : 3.12.6.2 and 3.12.6.3
2 Min area of reinforcement : 3.12.5.3 and Table 3.25
3 Min number of bars (Columns) : 3.12.5.3
4 Minimum Eccentricity Calc (Columns) : 3.8.2.4
5 Minimum Eccentricity Calc (Walls) : 3.9.3.3
6 Effective Length (Columns) : 3.8.1.6
7 Effective Length (walls) : 3.9.3.2.1
8 Slenderness Moments (Columns) : 3.8.3
9 Slenderness Moments (walls) : 3.9.3.7
10 Design for axial loads (Columns) : 3.8.4.3
11 Design for axial loads (walls) : 3.9.3.6.1
Design for axial loads And uniaxial
12 : 3.8.4.3
bending (Columns)
Design for axial loads And uniaxial
13 : 3.9.3.6.2
bending (Walls)
Design for axial loads And Biaxial bending
14 : 3.8.4.5
(Columns)
Design for axial loads And Biaxial bending
15 : 3.9.3.6.4
(walls)
16 Design of horizontal links : 3.12.7
17 Design shear strength : 3.8.4.6
18 Crack width calculation : 3.8

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 3 of 76

General Data
Column No. : C1
Level : 0m To 3.9m
Design Code = BS Code
Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 225 mm
Column D = 225 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 3300 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 3300 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 1
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:
Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Top Joint
Put (top joint) = 159.25 kN
Muxt (top joint) = 1.61 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = 1.11 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = 0.43 kN
Vuyt (top joint) = -0.62 kN
Pub (bottom joint) = 165.76 kN
Muxb (bottom joint) = -0.8 kNm
Muyb (bottom joint) = -0.58 kNm
Vuxb (bottom joint) = 0.43 kN
Vuyb (bottom joint) = -0.62 kN

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in
Minimum Eccentricity Along B : B / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm
Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm
MminY (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 1.79 kNm
MminY (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 1.86 kNm
Slenderness Check

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 4 of 76

Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 14.67

Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
= 1
= Effective Length / D
= 14.67, Column not Slender Along D
= 1
= Effective Length / B
= 14.67, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final
A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 1.61 --- 1.61 --- 0 1.61
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 0.8 --- 0.8 --- 0 -0.8
Minor Axis Muy (top) 1.11 1.79 1.79 --- 0 1.79
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 0.58 1.86 1.86 --- 0 1.86

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 159.25 kN
Mux = 1.61 kNm
Muy = 1.79 kNm
Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.1049
Beta = 0.8747
Mux/ D' = 0.0101
Muy/ B' = 0.0113
Mux/D' < Muy/B'
Mud-y = Muy + Beta x (B'/D') x Mux
= 3.1986 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 5 of 76

Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 90 deg
MRes = 3.2 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 30.48 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.1 < 1
Design Of Shear
Design for shear along D
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = -0.6183 kN
Pu = 165.76
Mux = 0.8 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.0165 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
(Mux),1)
= 1.1146 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vuy = 0.4345 kN
Pu = 165.76
Muy = 0.58 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm
= 0.0116 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 1.1048 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 6 of 76

No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design Of Links
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 4 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal
links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm
Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design
Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

General Data
Column No. : C1
Level : 3.9m To 7.35m
Design Code = BS Code
Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 225 mm
Column D = 225 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 2850 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 2850 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 8
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:
Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Top Joint
Put (top joint) = 84.3 kN
Muxt (top joint) = 3.02 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = 2.05 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = 1.17 kN

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 7 of 76

Vuyt (top joint) = -1.71 kN

Pub (bottom joint) = 90.07 kN
Muxb (bottom joint) = -2.86 kNm
Muyb (bottom joint) = -1.98 kNm
Vuxb (bottom joint) = 1.17 kN
Vuyb (bottom joint) = -1.71 kN

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in
Minimum Eccentricity Along D :
Eccentricity calculated = D / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm
Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm
Mminx (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 0.95 kNm
Mminx (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 1.01 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 12.67
Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
= 1
= Effective Length / D
= 12.67, Column not Slender Along D
= 1
= Effective Length / B
= 12.67, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final
A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 3.02 0.95 3.02 --- 0 3.02
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 2.86 1.01 2.86 --- 0 -2.86
Minor Axis Muy (top) 2.05 --- 2.05 --- 0 2.05
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 1.98 --- 1.98 --- 0 1.98

Where

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 8 of 76

A = Moments directly from analysis

B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 84.3 kN
Mux = 3.02 kNm
Muy = 2.05 kNm
Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.0555
Beta = 0.9334
Mux/ D' = 0.019
Muy/ B' = 0.0129
Mux/D' > Muy/B'
Mud-x = Mux + Beta x (D'/B') x Muy
= 4.9389 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 0 deg
MRes = 4.94 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 26.79 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.18 < 1
Design Of Shear
Design for shear along D
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = -1.7056 kN
Pu = 90.07
Mux = 2.86 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.0454 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 9 of 76

(Mux),1)
= 0.917 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vuy = 1.1704 kN
Pu = 90.07
Muy = 1.98 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm
= 0.0311 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 0.9155 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design Of Links
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 4 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal
links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm
Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design
Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

General Data
Column No. : C1
Level : 7.35m To 10.35m
Design Code = BS Code

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 10 of 76

Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm

Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 225 mm
Column D = 225 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 2700 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 2700 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 15
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:
Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Bottom Joint
Put (top joint) = 8.2 kN
Muxt (top joint) = 2.61 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = 1.69 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = 1.22 kN
Vuyt (top joint) = -1.9 kN
Pub (bottom joint) = 13.21 kN
Muxb (bottom joint) = -3.09 kNm
Muyb (bottom joint) = -1.98 kNm
Vuxb (bottom joint) = 1.22 kN
Vuyb (bottom joint) = -1.9 kN

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in
Minimum Eccentricity Along D :
Eccentricity calculated = D / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm
Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm
Mminx (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 0.09 kNm
Mminx (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 0.15 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 12
Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 11 of 76

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
= 1
= Effective Length / D
= 12, Column not Slender Along D
= 1
= Effective Length / B
= 12, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final
A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 2.61 0.09 2.61 --- 0 2.61
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 3.09 0.15 3.09 --- 0 -3.09
Minor Axis Muy (top) 1.69 --- 1.69 --- 0 1.69
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 1.98 --- 1.98 --- 0 1.98

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 13.21 kN
Mux = 3.09 kNm
Muy = 1.98 kNm
Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.0087
Beta = 0.9896
Mux/ D' = 0.0195
Muy/ B' = 0.0125
Mux/D' > Muy/B'
Mud-x = Mux + Beta x (D'/B') x Muy
= -5.0554 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 12 of 76

Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)

= 0 deg
MRes = 5.06 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 22.9 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.22 < 1
Design Of Shear
Design for shear along D
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = -1.9006 kN
Pu = 13.21
Mux = 3.09 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.0506 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
(Mux),1)
= 0.7954 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vuy = 1.2242 kN
Pu = 13.21
Muy = 1.98 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm
= 0.0326 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 0.7955 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 13 of 76

Design Of Links
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 4 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal
links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm
Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design
Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

General Data
Column No. : C2
Level : 0m To 3.9m
Design Code = BS Code
Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 225 mm
Column D = 225 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 3300 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 3300 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 2
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:
Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Top Joint
Put (top joint) = 300.18 kN
Muxt (top joint) = 0.43 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = 1.11 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = 0.43 kN
Vuyt (top joint) = -0.17 kN
Pub (bottom joint) = 306.7 kN

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 14 of 76

Muxb (bottom joint) = -0.22 kNm

Muyb (bottom joint) = -0.57 kNm
Vuxb (bottom joint) = 0.43 kN
Vuyb (bottom joint) = -0.17 kN

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in
Minimum Eccentricity Along D :
Eccentricity calculated = D / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm
Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm
Mminx (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 3.38 kNm
Mminx (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 3.45 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 14.67
Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
= 1
= Effective Length / D
= 14.67, Column not Slender Along D
= 1
= Effective Length / B
= 14.67, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final
A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 0.43 3.38 3.38 --- 0 3.38
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 0.22 3.45 3.45 --- 0 -3.45
Minor Axis Muy (top) 1.11 --- 1.11 --- 0 1.11
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 0.57 --- 0.57 --- 0 0.57

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 15 of 76

C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)

D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 300.18 kN
Mux = 3.38 kNm
Muy = 1.11 kNm
Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.1977
Beta = 0.7726
Mux/ D' = 0.0212
Muy/ B' = 0.007
Mux/D' > Muy/B'
Mud-x = Mux + Beta x (D'/B') x Muy
= 4.2379 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 0 deg
MRes = 4.24 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 32.54 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.13 < 1
Design Of Shear
Design for shear along D
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = -0.1662 kN
Pu = 306.7
Mux = 0.22 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.0044 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
(Mux),1)
= 1.4006 N/sqmm

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 16 of 76

Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e

No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vuy = 0.4329 kN
Pu = 306.7
Muy = 0.57 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm
= 0.0115 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 1.3909 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design Of Links
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 4 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal
links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm
Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design
Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

General Data
Column No. : C2
Level : 3.9m To 7.35m
Design Code = BS Code
Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 17 of 76

Column B = 225 mm
Column D = 225 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 2850 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 2850 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 9
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:
Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Top Joint
Put (top joint) = 156 kN
Muxt (top joint) = 0.88 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = 2.05 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = 1.17 kN
Vuyt (top joint) = -0.48 kN
Pub (bottom joint) = 161.76 kN
Muxb (bottom joint) = -0.8 kNm
Muyb (bottom joint) = -1.98 kNm
Vuxb (bottom joint) = 1.17 kN
Vuyb (bottom joint) = -0.48 kN

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in
Minimum Eccentricity Along D :
Eccentricity calculated = D / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm
Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm
Mminx (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 1.75 kNm
Mminx (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 1.82 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 12.67
Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 18 of 76

Column Is Braced Along D

Slenderness Check Along D:
               Effective Length Factor = 1
               Slenderness Ratio = Effective Length / D
= 12.67, Column not Slender Along D
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor = 1
               Slenderness Ratio = Effective Length / B
= 12.67, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final
A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 0.88 1.75 1.75 --- 0 1.75
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 0.8 1.82 1.82 --- 0 -1.82
Minor Axis Muy (top) 2.05 --- 2.05 --- 0 2.05
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 1.98 --- 1.98 --- 0 1.98

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 156 kN
Mux = 1.75 kNm
Muy = 2.05 kNm
Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.1027
Beta = 0.877
Mux/ D' = 0.011
Muy/ B' = 0.0129
Mux/D' < Muy/B'
Mud-y = Muy + Beta x (B'/D') x Mux
= 3.5854 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 19 of 76

= 90 deg
MRes = 3.59 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 30.33 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.12 < 1
Design Of Shear
Design for shear along D
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = -0.4843 kN
Pu = 161.76
Mux = 0.8 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.0129 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
(Mux),1)
= 1.0365 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vuy = 1.1664 kN
Pu = 161.76
Muy = 1.98 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm
= 0.031 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 1.0283 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 20 of 76

Design Of Links
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 4 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal
links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm
Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design
Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

General Data
Column No. : C2
Level : 7.35m To 10.35m
Design Code = BS Code
Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 225 mm
Column D = 225 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 2700 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 2700 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 16
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:
Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Bottom Joint
Put (top joint) = 13.12 kN
Muxt (top joint) = 1.02 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = 1.76 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = 1.27 kN
Vuyt (top joint) = -0.68 kN
Pub (bottom joint) = 18.14 kN
Muxb (bottom joint) = -1.02 kNm

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 21 of 76

Muyb (bottom joint) = -2.04 kNm

Vuxb (bottom joint) = 1.27 kN
Vuyb (bottom joint) = -0.68 kN

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in
Minimum Eccentricity Along D :
Eccentricity calculated = D / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm
Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm
Mminx (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 0.15 kNm
Mminx (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 0.2 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 12
Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
= 1
= Effective Length / D
= 12, Column not Slender Along D
= 1
= Effective Length / B
= 12, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final
A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 1.02 0.15 1.02 --- 0 1.02
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 1.02 0.2 1.02 --- 0 -1.02
Minor Axis Muy (top) 1.76 --- 1.76 --- 0 1.76
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 2.04 --- 2.04 --- 0 2.04

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 22 of 76

D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 18.14 kN
Mux = 1.02 kNm
Muy = 2.04 kNm
Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.0119
Beta = 0.9857
Mux/ D' = 0.0064
Muy/ B' = 0.0128
Mux/D' < Muy/B'
Mud-y = Muy + Beta x (B'/D') x Mux
= -3.0478 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 0 deg
MRes = 3.05 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 23.18 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.13 < 1
Design Of Shear
Design for shear along D
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = -0.6807 kN
Pu = 18.14
Mux = 1.02 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.0181 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
(Mux),1)
= 0.8059 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 23 of 76

No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vuy = 1.2663 kN
Pu = 18.14
Muy = 2.04 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm
= 0.0337 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 0.8038 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design Of Links
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 4 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal
links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm
Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design
Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

General Data
Column No. : C3
Level : 0m To 3.9m
Design Code = BS Code
Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 225 mm

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 24 of 76

Column D = 225 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 3300 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 3300 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 3
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:
Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Top Joint
Put (top joint) = 275.87 kN
Muxt (top joint) = -0.74 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = 1.07 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = 0.42 kN
Vuyt (top joint) = 0.28 kN
Pub (bottom joint) = 282.39 kN
Muxb (bottom joint) = 0.36 kNm
Muyb (bottom joint) = -0.55 kNm
Vuxb (bottom joint) = 0.42 kN
Vuyb (bottom joint) = 0.28 kN

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in
Minimum Eccentricity Along D :
Eccentricity calculated = D / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm
Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm
Mminx (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 3.1 kNm
Mminx (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 3.18 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 14.67
Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

Column Is Braced Along D

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 25 of 76

Slenderness Check Along D:

               Effective Length Factor = 1
               Slenderness Ratio = Effective Length / D
= 14.67, Column not Slender Along D
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor = 1
               Slenderness Ratio = Effective Length / B
= 14.67, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final
A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 0.74 3.1 3.1 --- 0 3.1
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 0.36 3.18 3.18 --- 0 3.18
Minor Axis Muy (top) 1.07 --- 1.07 --- 0 1.07
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 0.55 --- 0.55 --- 0 0.55

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 275.87 kN
Mux = 3.1 kNm
Muy = 1.07 kNm
Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.1816
Beta = 0.7902
Mux/ D' = 0.0195
Muy/ B' = 0.0067
Mux/D' > Muy/B'
Mud-x = Mux + Beta x (D'/B') x Muy
= -3.9514 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 0 deg

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 26 of 76

MRes = 3.95 kNm

( φ ) MCap = 32.9 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.12 < 1
Design Of Shear
Design for shear along D
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = 0.2819 kN
Pu = 282.39
Mux = 0.36 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.0075 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
(Mux),1)
= 1.3583 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vuy = 0.415 kN
Pu = 282.39
Muy = 0.55 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm
= 0.011 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 1.347 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design Of Links

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 27 of 76

Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 4 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal
links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm
Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design
Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

General Data
Column No. : C3
Level : 3.9m To 7.35m
Design Code = BS Code
Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 225 mm
Column D = 225 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 2850 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 2850 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 10
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:
Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Top Joint
Put (top joint) = 144.24 kN
Muxt (top joint) = -1.41 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = 1.98 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = 1.13 kN
Vuyt (top joint) = 0.79 kN
Pub (bottom joint) = 150.01 kN
Muxb (bottom joint) = 1.33 kNm
Muyb (bottom joint) = -1.9 kNm

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 28 of 76

Vuxb (bottom joint) = 1.13 kN

Vuyb (bottom joint) = 0.79 kN

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in
Minimum Eccentricity Along D :
Eccentricity calculated = D / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm
Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm
Mminx (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 1.62 kNm
Mminx (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 1.69 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 12.67
Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
= 1
= Effective Length / D
= 12.67, Column not Slender Along D
= 1
= Effective Length / B
= 12.67, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final
A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 1.41 1.62 1.62 --- 0 1.62
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 1.33 1.69 1.69 --- 0 1.69
Minor Axis Muy (top) 1.98 --- 1.98 --- 0 1.98
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 1.9 --- 1.9 --- 0 1.9

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 29 of 76

E = Moment due to slenderness effect

F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 144.24 kN
Mux = 1.62 kNm
Muy = 1.98 kNm
Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.095
Beta = 0.886
Mux/ D' = 0.0102
Muy/ B' = 0.0124
Mux/D' < Muy/B'
Mud-y = Muy + Beta x (B'/D') x Mux
= 3.4152 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 90 deg
MRes = 3.42 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 29.79 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.11 < 1
Design Of Shear
Design for shear along D
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = 0.7927 kN
Pu = 150.01
Mux = 1.33 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.0211 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
(Mux),1)
= 1.0125 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 30 of 76

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vuy = 1.125 kN
Pu = 150.01
Muy = 1.9 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm
= 0.0299 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 1.0103 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design Of Links
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 4 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal
links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm
Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design
Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

General Data
Column No. : C3
Level : 7.35m To 10.35m
Design Code = BS Code
Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 225 mm
Column D = 225 mm

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 31 of 76

Clear Cover = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 2700 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 2700 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 17
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:
Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Bottom Joint
Put (top joint) = 12.7 kN
Muxt (top joint) = -1.45 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = 1.74 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = 1.25 kN
Vuyt (top joint) = 1.01 kN
Pub (bottom joint) = 17.71 kN
Muxb (bottom joint) = 1.59 kNm
Muyb (bottom joint) = -2.01 kNm
Vuxb (bottom joint) = 1.25 kN
Vuyb (bottom joint) = 1.01 kN

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in
Minimum Eccentricity Along D :
Eccentricity calculated = D / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm
Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm
Mminx (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 0.14 kNm
Mminx (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 0.2 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 12
Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 32 of 76

               Effective Length Factor = 1

               Slenderness Ratio = Effective Length / D
= 12, Column not Slender Along D
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor = 1
               Slenderness Ratio = Effective Length / B
= 12, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final
A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 1.45 0.14 1.45 --- 0 1.45
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 1.59 0.2 1.59 --- 0 1.59
Minor Axis Muy (top) 1.74 --- 1.74 --- 0 1.74
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 2.01 --- 2.01 --- 0 2.01

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 17.71 kN
Mux = 1.59 kNm
Muy = 2.01 kNm
Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.0117
Beta = 0.986
Mux/ D' = 0.01
Muy/ B' = 0.0127
Mux/D' < Muy/B'
Mud-y = Muy + Beta x (B'/D') x Mux
= -3.5811 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 0 deg
MRes = 3.58 kNm

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 33 of 76

( φ ) MCap = 23.16 kNm

Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.15 < 1
Design Of Shear
Design for shear along D
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = 1.0128 kN
Pu = 17.71
Mux = 1.59 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.027 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
(Mux),1)
= 0.8038 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vuy = 1.2508 kN
Pu = 17.71
Muy = 2.01 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm
= 0.0333 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 0.8031 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design Of Links
Normal Links

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 34 of 76

Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 4 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal
links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm
Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design
Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

General Data
Column No. : C4
Level : 0m To 3.9m
Design Code = BS Code
Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 225 mm
Column D = 225 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 3300 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 3300 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 4
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:
Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Top Joint
Put (top joint) = 216.21 kN
Muxt (top joint) = -0.17 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = 1.07 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = 0.41 kN
Vuyt (top joint) = 0.06 kN
Pub (bottom joint) = 222.73 kN
Muxb (bottom joint) = 0.08 kNm
Muyb (bottom joint) = -0.54 kNm
Vuxb (bottom joint) = 0.41 kN

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 35 of 76

Vuyb (bottom joint) = 0.06 kN

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in
Minimum Eccentricity Along D :
Eccentricity calculated = D / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm
Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm
Mminx (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 2.43 kNm
Mminx (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 2.51 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 14.67
Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
= 1
= Effective Length / D
= 14.67, Column not Slender Along D
= 1
= Effective Length / B
= 14.67, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final
A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 0.17 2.43 2.43 --- 0 2.43
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 0.08 2.51 2.51 --- 0 2.51
Minor Axis Muy (top) 1.07 --- 1.07 --- 0 1.07
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 0.54 --- 0.54 --- 0 0.54

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 36 of 76

F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 216.21 kN
Mux = 2.43 kNm
Muy = 1.07 kNm
Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.1424
Beta = 0.8334
Mux/ D' = 0.0153
Muy/ B' = 0.0067
Mux/D' > Muy/B'
Mud-x = Mux + Beta x (D'/B') x Muy
= -3.3255 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 0 deg
MRes = 3.33 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 32.81 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.1 < 1
Design Of Shear
Design for shear along D
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = 0.0638 kN
Pu = 222.73
Mux = 0.08 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.0017 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
(Mux),1)
= 1.2413 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 37 of 76

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vuy = 0.4132 kN
Pu = 222.73
Muy = 0.54 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm
= 0.011 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 1.2289 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design Of Links
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 4 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal
links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm
Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design
Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

General Data
Column No. : C4
Level : 3.9m To 7.35m
Design Code = BS Code
Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 225 mm
Column D = 225 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 38 of 76

Clear Floor Height @ B = 2850 mm

Clear Floor Height @ D = 2850 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 11
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:
Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Top Joint
Put (top joint) = 113.87 kN
Muxt (top joint) = -0.37 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = 1.96 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = 1.12 kN
Vuyt (top joint) = 0.21 kN
Pub (bottom joint) = 119.63 kN
Muxb (bottom joint) = 0.33 kNm
Muyb (bottom joint) = -1.89 kNm
Vuxb (bottom joint) = 1.12 kN
Vuyb (bottom joint) = 0.21 kN

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in
Minimum Eccentricity Along D :
Eccentricity calculated = D / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm
Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm
Mminx (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 1.28 kNm
Mminx (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 1.35 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 12.67
Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:
               Effective Length Factor = 1

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 39 of 76

               Slenderness Ratio = Effective Length / D

Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
= 12.67, Column not Slender Along D
= 1
= Effective Length / B
= 12.67, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final
A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 0.37 1.28 1.28 --- 0 1.28
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 0.33 1.35 1.35 --- 0 1.35
Minor Axis Muy (top) 1.96 --- 1.96 --- 0 1.96
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 1.89 --- 1.89 --- 0 1.89

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 113.87 kN
Mux = 1.28 kNm
Muy = 1.96 kNm
Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.075
Beta = 0.91
Mux/ D' = 0.0081
Muy/ B' = 0.0123
Mux/D' < Muy/B'
Mud-y = Muy + Beta x (B'/D') x Mux
= 3.1245 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 90 deg
MRes = 3.12 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 28.34 kNm

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 40 of 76

Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap

= 0.11 < 1
Design Of Shear
Design for shear along D
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = 0.2051 kN
Pu = 119.63
Mux = 0.33 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.0055 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
(Mux),1)
= 0.9703 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vuy = 1.1155 kN
Pu = 119.63
Muy = 1.89 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm
= 0.0297 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 0.9622 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design Of Links
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 41 of 76

> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4

= 4 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal
links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm
Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design
Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

General Data
Column No. : C4
Level : 7.35m To 10.35m
Design Code = BS Code
Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 225 mm
Column D = 225 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 2700 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 2700 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 18
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:
Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Bottom Joint
Put (top joint) = 10.44 kN
Muxt (top joint) = -0.5 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = 1.76 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = 1.27 kN
Vuyt (top joint) = 0.33 kN
Pub (bottom joint) = 15.46 kN
Muxb (bottom joint) = 0.5 kNm
Muyb (bottom joint) = -2.06 kNm
Vuxb (bottom joint) = 1.27 kN
Vuyb (bottom joint) = 0.33 kN

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 42 of 76

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in
Minimum Eccentricity Along D :
Eccentricity calculated = D / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm
Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm
Mminx (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 0.12 kNm
Mminx (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 0.17 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 12
Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
= 1
= Effective Length / D
= 12, Column not Slender Along D
= 1
= Effective Length / B
= 12, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final
A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 0.5 0.12 0.5 --- 0 0.5
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 0.5 0.17 0.5 --- 0 0.5
Minor Axis Muy (top) 1.76 --- 1.76 --- 0 1.76
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 2.06 --- 2.06 --- 0 2.06

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 43 of 76

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 15.46 kN
Mux = 0.5 kNm
Muy = 2.06 kNm
Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.0102
Beta = 0.9878
Mux/ D' = 0.0031
Muy/ B' = 0.013
Mux/D' < Muy/B'
Mud-y = Muy + Beta x (B'/D') x Mux
= -2.5516 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 0 deg
MRes = 2.55 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 23.03 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.11 < 1
Design Of Shear
Design for shear along D
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = 0.3324 kN
Pu = 15.46
Mux = 0.5 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.0088 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
(Mux),1)
= 0.8012 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 44 of 76

[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)

Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vuy = 1.2727 kN
Pu = 15.46
Muy = 2.06 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm
= 0.0339 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 0.7992 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design Of Links
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 4 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal
links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm
Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design
Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

General Data
Column No. : C5
Level : 0m To 3.9m
Design Code = BS Code
Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 225 mm
Column D = 225 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 3300 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 3300 mm

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 45 of 76

No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 5
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:
Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Top Joint
Put (top joint) = 218.49 kN
Muxt (top joint) = 0.2 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = 1.11 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = 0.43 kN
Vuyt (top joint) = -0.08 kN
Pub (bottom joint) = 225 kN
Muxb (bottom joint) = -0.1 kNm
Muyb (bottom joint) = -0.55 kNm
Vuxb (bottom joint) = 0.43 kN
Vuyb (bottom joint) = -0.08 kN

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in
Minimum Eccentricity Along D :
Eccentricity calculated = D / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm
Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm
Mminx (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 2.46 kNm
Mminx (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 2.53 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 14.67
Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
= 1
= Effective Length / D
= 14.67, Column not Slender Along D

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 46 of 76

Column Is Braced Along B

Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor = 1
               Slenderness Ratio = Effective Length / B
= 14.67, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final
A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 0.2 2.46 2.46 --- 0 2.46
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 0.1 2.53 2.53 --- 0 -2.53
Minor Axis Muy (top) 1.11 --- 1.11 --- 0 1.11
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 0.55 --- 0.55 --- 0 0.55

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 218.49 kN
Mux = 2.46 kNm
Muy = 1.11 kNm
Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.1439
Beta = 0.8318
Mux/ D' = 0.0155
Muy/ B' = 0.007
Mux/D' > Muy/B'
Mud-x = Mux + Beta x (D'/B') x Muy
= 3.3806 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 0 deg
MRes = 3.38 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 32.89 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.1 < 1

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 47 of 76

Design Of Shear
Design for shear along D
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = -0.0756 kN
Pu = 225
Mux = 0.1 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.002 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
(Mux),1)
= 1.2308 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vuy = 0.4265 kN
Pu = 225
Muy = 0.55 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm
= 0.0113 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 1.236 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design Of Links
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 4 mm

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 48 of 76

Criterion for spacing of normal

links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm
Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design
Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

General Data
Column No. : C5
Level : 3.9m To 7.35m
Design Code = BS Code
Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 225 mm
Column D = 225 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 2850 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 2850 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 12
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:
Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Top Joint
Put (top joint) = 115.81 kN
Muxt (top joint) = 0.43 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = 2.03 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = 1.16 kN
Vuyt (top joint) = -0.23 kN
Pub (bottom joint) = 121.57 kN
Muxb (bottom joint) = -0.38 kNm
Muyb (bottom joint) = -1.95 kNm
Vuxb (bottom joint) = 1.16 kN
Vuyb (bottom joint) = -0.23 kN

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 49 of 76

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in
Minimum Eccentricity Along D :
Eccentricity calculated = D / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm
Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm
Mminx (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 1.3 kNm
Mminx (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 1.37 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 12.67
Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
= 1
= Effective Length / D
= 12.67, Column not Slender Along D
= 1
= Effective Length / B
= 12.67, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final
A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 0.43 1.3 1.3 --- 0 1.3
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 0.38 1.37 1.37 --- 0 -1.37
Minor Axis Muy (top) 2.03 --- 2.03 --- 0 2.03
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 1.95 --- 1.95 --- 0 1.95

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 50 of 76

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 115.81 kN
Mux = 1.3 kNm
Muy = 2.03 kNm
Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.0763
Beta = 0.9085
Mux/ D' = 0.0082
Muy/ B' = 0.0128
Mux/D' < Muy/B'
Mud-y = Muy + Beta x (B'/D') x Mux
= 3.2151 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 90 deg
MRes = 3.22 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 28.43 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.11 < 1
Design Of Shear
Design for shear along D
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = -0.2336 kN
Pu = 121.57
Mux = 0.38 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.0062 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
(Mux),1)
= 0.9756 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
Critical Load Combination = [1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) kN

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 51 of 76

+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)

Design shear force, Vuy = 1.1553 kN
Pu = 121.57
Muy = 1.95 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm
= 0.0307 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 0.9655 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design Of Links
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 4 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal
links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm
Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design
Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

General Data
Column No. : C5
Level : 7.35m To 10.35m
Design Code = BS Code
Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 225 mm
Column D = 225 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 2700 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 2700 mm
No Of Floors = 1

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 52 of 76

No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 19
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:
Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Bottom Joint
Put (top joint) = 10.81 kN
Muxt (top joint) = 0.53 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = 1.84 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = 1.34 kN
Vuyt (top joint) = -0.36 kN
Pub (bottom joint) = 15.82 kN
Muxb (bottom joint) = -0.54 kNm
Muyb (bottom joint) = -2.16 kNm
Vuxb (bottom joint) = 1.34 kN
Vuyb (bottom joint) = -0.36 kN

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in
Minimum Eccentricity Along D :
Eccentricity calculated = D / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm
Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm
Mminx (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 0.12 kNm
Mminx (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 0.18 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 12
Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:
               Effective Length Factor = 1
               Slenderness Ratio = Effective Length / D
= 12, Column not Slender Along D
Column Is Braced Along B

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 53 of 76

Slenderness Check Along B:

               Effective Length Factor = 1
               Slenderness Ratio = Effective Length / B
= 12, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final
A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 0.53 0.12 0.53 --- 0 0.53
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 0.54 0.18 0.54 --- 0 -0.54
Minor Axis Muy (top) 1.84 --- 1.84 --- 0 1.84
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 2.16 --- 2.16 --- 0 2.16

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 15.82 kN
Mux = 0.54 kNm
Muy = 2.16 kNm
Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.0104
Beta = 0.9875
Mux/ D' = 0.0034
Muy/ B' = 0.0136
Mux/D' < Muy/B'
Mud-y = Muy + Beta x (B'/D') x Mux
= -2.6904 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 0 deg
MRes = 2.69 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 23.05 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.12 < 1
Design Of Shear

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 54 of 76

Design for shear along D

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = -0.3567 kN
Pu = 15.82
Mux = 0.54 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.0095 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
(Mux),1)
= 0.8018 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vuy = 1.3352 kN
Pu = 15.82
Muy = 2.16 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm
= 0.0355 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 0.7998 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design Of Links
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 4 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal
links

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 55 of 76

Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm

Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design
Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

General Data
Column No. : C6
Level : 0m To 3.9m
Design Code = BS Code
Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 225 mm
Column D = 225 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 3300 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 3300 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 6
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:
Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Top Joint
Put (top joint) = 265.26 kN
Muxt (top joint) = 0.51 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = 1.09 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = 0.42 kN
Vuyt (top joint) = -0.2 kN
Pub (bottom joint) = 271.78 kN
Muxb (bottom joint) = -0.25 kNm
Muyb (bottom joint) = -0.54 kNm
Vuxb (bottom joint) = 0.42 kN
Vuyb (bottom joint) = -0.2 kN

Minimum Eccentricity Check

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 56 of 76

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed

Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in
Minimum Eccentricity Along D :
Eccentricity calculated = D / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm
Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm
Mminx (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 2.98 kNm
Mminx (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 3.06 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 14.67
Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
= 1
= Effective Length / D
= 14.67, Column not Slender Along D
= 1
= Effective Length / B
= 14.67, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final
A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 0.51 2.98 2.98 --- 0 2.98
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 0.25 3.06 3.06 --- 0 -3.06
Minor Axis Muy (top) 1.09 --- 1.09 --- 0 1.09
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 0.54 --- 0.54 --- 0 0.54

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 265.26 kN

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 57 of 76

Mux = 2.98 kNm

Muy = 1.09 kNm
Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.1747
Beta = 0.7979
Mux/ D' = 0.0188
Muy/ B' = 0.0068
Mux/D' > Muy/B'
Mud-x = Mux + Beta x (D'/B') x Muy
= 3.8515 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 0 deg
MRes = 3.85 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 33.02 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.12 < 1
Design Of Shear
Design for shear along D
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = -0.1956 kN
Pu = 271.78
Mux = 0.25 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.0052 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
(Mux),1)
= 1.331 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination :
Critical Load Combination
Design shear force, Vuy
3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
= kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
= 0.4166 kN

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 58 of 76

Pu = 271.78
Muy = 0.54 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm
= 0.0111 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 1.3356 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design Of Links
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 4 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal
links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm
Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design
Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

General Data
Column No. : C6
Level : 3.9m To 7.35m
Design Code = BS Code
Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 225 mm
Column D = 225 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 2850 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 2850 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 59 of 76

Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 13
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:
Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Top Joint
Put (top joint) = 137.15 kN
Muxt (top joint) = 0.82 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = 1.95 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = 1.11 kN
Vuyt (top joint) = -0.48 kN
Pub (bottom joint) = 142.91 kN
Muxb (bottom joint) = -0.84 kNm
Muyb (bottom joint) = -1.89 kNm
Vuxb (bottom joint) = 1.11 kN
Vuyb (bottom joint) = -0.48 kN

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in
Minimum Eccentricity Along D :
Eccentricity calculated = D / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm
Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm
Mminx (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 1.54 kNm
Mminx (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 1.61 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 12.67
Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:
               Effective Length Factor = 1
               Slenderness Ratio = Effective Length / D
= 12.67, Column not Slender Along D
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor = 1

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 60 of 76

               Slenderness Ratio = Effective Length / B

= 12.67, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final
A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 0.82 1.54 1.54 --- 0 1.54
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 0.84 1.61 1.61 --- 0 -1.61
Minor Axis Muy (top) 1.95 --- 1.95 --- 0 1.95
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 1.89 --- 1.89 --- 0 1.89

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 137.15 kN
Mux = 1.54 kNm
Muy = 1.95 kNm
Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.0903
Beta = 0.8916
Mux/ D' = 0.0097
Muy/ B' = 0.0122
Mux/D' < Muy/B'
Mud-y = Muy + Beta x (B'/D') x Mux
= 3.3209 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 90 deg
MRes = 3.32 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 29.47 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.11 < 1
Design Of Shear
Design for shear along D
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 61 of 76

[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)

Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = -0.4802 kN
Pu = 142.91
Mux = 0.84 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.0128 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
(Mux),1)
= 0.9929 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vuy = 1.1111 kN
Pu = 142.91
Muy = 1.89 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm
= 0.0296 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 0.9982 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design Of Links
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 4 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal
links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm
Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 62 of 76

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design
Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

General Data
Column No. : C6
Level : 7.35m To 10.35m
Design Code = BS Code
Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 225 mm
Column D = 225 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 2700 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 2700 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 20
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:
Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Bottom Joint
Put (top joint) = 11.31 kN
Muxt (top joint) = 0.55 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = 1.72 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = 1.24 kN
Vuyt (top joint) = -0.43 kN
Pub (bottom joint) = 16.32 kN
Muxb (bottom joint) = -0.74 kNm
Muyb (bottom joint) = -2.01 kNm
Vuxb (bottom joint) = 1.24 kN
Vuyb (bottom joint) = -0.43 kN

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 63 of 76

Minimum Eccentricity Along D :

Eccentricity calculated = D / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm
Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm
Mminx (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 0.13 kNm
Mminx (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 0.18 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 12
Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
= 1
= Effective Length / D
= 12, Column not Slender Along D
= 1
= Effective Length / B
= 12, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final
A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 0.55 0.13 0.55 --- 0 0.55
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 0.74 0.18 0.74 --- 0 -0.74
Minor Axis Muy (top) 1.72 --- 1.72 --- 0 1.72
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 2.01 --- 2.01 --- 0 2.01

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 16.32 kN
Mux = 0.74 kNm
Muy = 2.01 kNm

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 64 of 76

Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.0107
Beta = 0.9871
Mux/ D' = 0.0046
Muy/ B' = 0.0126
Mux/D' < Muy/B'
Mud-y = Muy + Beta x (B'/D') x Mux
= -2.7391 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 0 deg
MRes = 2.74 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 23.08 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.12 < 1
Design Of Shear
Design for shear along D
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = -0.4307 kN
Pu = 16.32
Mux = 0.74 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.0115 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
(Mux),1)
= 0.7991 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vuy = 1.2428 kN
Pu = 16.32
Muy = 2.01 kNm

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 65 of 76

Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm

= 0.0331 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 0.8007 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design Of Links
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 4 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal
links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm
Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design
Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

General Data
Column No. : C8
Level : 0m To 3.9m
Design Code = BS Code
Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 225 mm
Column D = 225 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 3300 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 3300 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 66 of 76

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 61
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:
Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Top Joint
Put (top joint) = 211.35 kN
Muxt (top joint) = 1.58 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = -0.24 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = -0.09 kN
Vuyt (top joint) = -0.61 kN
Pub (bottom joint) = 217.87 kN
Muxb (bottom joint) = -0.79 kNm
Muyb (bottom joint) = 0.09 kNm
Vuxb (bottom joint) = -0.09 kN
Vuyb (bottom joint) = -0.61 kN

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in
Minimum Eccentricity Along B : B / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm
Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm
MminY (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 2.38 kNm
MminY (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 2.45 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 14.67
Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
= 1
= Effective Length / D
= 14.67, Column not Slender Along D
= 1
= Effective Length / B
= 14.67, Column not Slender Along B

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 67 of 76

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final
A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 1.58 --- 1.58 --- 0 1.58
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 0.79 --- 0.79 --- 0 -0.79
Minor Axis Muy (top) 0.24 2.38 2.38 --- 0 2.38
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 0.09 2.45 2.45 --- 0 2.45

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 211.35 kN
Mux = 1.58 kNm
Muy = 2.38 kNm
Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.1392
Beta = 0.8369
Mux/ D' = 0.0099
Muy/ B' = 0.015
Mux/D' < Muy/B'
Mud-y = Muy + Beta x (B'/D') x Mux
= -3.6997 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 0 deg
MRes = 3.7 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 32.64 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.11 < 1
Design Of Shear
Design for shear along D
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = -0.6085 kN
Pu = 217.87

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 68 of 76

Mux = 0.79 kNm

Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.0162 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
(Mux),1)
= 1.2196 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vuy = -0.0852 kN
Pu = 217.87
Muy = 0.09 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm
= 0.0023 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 1.3108 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design Of Links
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 4 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal
links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm
Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 69 of 76

Normal Design Shear Design

Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

General Data
Column No. : C8
Level : 3.9m To 7.35m
Design Code = BS Code
Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 225 mm
Column D = 225 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 2850 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 2850 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 68
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:
Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Top Joint
Put (top joint) = 110.55 kN
Muxt (top joint) = 3 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = -0.3 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = -0.19 kN
Vuyt (top joint) = -1.69 kN
Pub (bottom joint) = 116.31 kN
Muxb (bottom joint) = -2.83 kNm
Muyb (bottom joint) = 0.34 kNm
Vuxb (bottom joint) = -0.19 kN
Vuyb (bottom joint) = -1.69 kN

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in
Minimum Eccentricity Along B : B / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 70 of 76

Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm

MminY (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 1.24 kNm
MminY (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 1.31 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 12.67
Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
= 1
= Effective Length / D
= 12.67, Column not Slender Along D
= 1
= Effective Length / B
= 12.67, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final
A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 3 --- 3 --- 0 3
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 2.83 --- 2.83 --- 0 -2.83
Minor Axis Muy (top) 0.3 1.24 1.24 --- 0 1.24
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 0.34 1.31 1.31 --- 0 1.31

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 110.55 kN
Mux = 3 kNm
Muy = 1.24 kNm
Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.0728
Beta = 0.9127
Mux/ D' = 0.0189
Muy/ B' = 0.0078

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 71 of 76

Mux/D' > Muy/B'

Mud-x = Mux + Beta x (D'/B') x Muy
= 4.1343 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 0 deg
MRes = 4.13 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 28.17 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.15 < 1
Design Of Shear
Design for shear along D
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = -1.6895 kN
Pu = 116.31
Mux = 2.83 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.045 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
(Mux),1)
= 0.9591 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vuy = -0.1851 kN
Pu = 110.55
Muy = 0.3 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm
= 0.0049 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 72 of 76

Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 0.9545 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design Of Links
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 4 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal
links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm
Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design
Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

General Data
Column No. : C8
Level : 7.35m To 10.35m
Design Code = BS Code
Grade Of Concrete = C30 N/sqmm
Grade Of Steel = Fe415 N/sqmm
Column B = 225 mm
Column D = 225 mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Clear Floor Height @ B = 2700 mm
Clear Floor Height @ D = 2700 mm
No Of Floors = 1
No Of Columns In Group = 1
Column Type : Braced
Minimum eccentricity check : One Axis at a Time

Load Data
Analysis Reference No. = 75
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 73 of 76

[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD) +1.6 (LOAD 2:

Load Combination =
LIVE LOAD)
Critical Location = Bottom Joint
Put (top joint) = 9.77 kN
Muxt (top joint) = 2.63 kNm
Muyt (top joint) = -0.28 kNm
Vuxt (top joint) = -0.22 kN
Vuyt (top joint) = -1.9 kN
Pub (bottom joint) = 14.78 kN
Muxb (bottom joint) = -3.08 kNm
Muyb (bottom joint) = 0.37 kNm
Vuxb (bottom joint) = -0.22 kN
Vuyb (bottom joint) = -1.9 kN

Minimum Eccentricity Check

Since Axial Force is compressive, Min. Eccentricity check to be performed
Most critical case is with Min. Eccentricity check in
Minimum Eccentricity Along D :
Eccentricity calculated = D / 20
= 11.25 mm
Minimum Eccentricity (max. value) = 20 mm
Minimum eccentricity for design = 11.25 mm
Mminx (top) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 0.11 kNm
Mminx (bottom) = Pu x Minimum Eccentricity
= 0.17 kNm
Slenderness Check
Max Slenderness Ratio(L/B) = 12
Maximum Permissible Slenderness = 60

Slenderness Limit for short column = 15

Column Is Braced Along D
Slenderness Check Along D:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
Column Is Braced Along B
Slenderness Check Along B:
               Effective Length Factor
               Slenderness Ratio
= 1
= Effective Length / D
= 12, Column not Slender Along D
= 1
= Effective Length / B
= 12, Column not Slender Along B

Calculation of Design Moment

Mdesign-
Direction Manalysis Mmin Mdesign Minit Mslndx
final

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 74 of 76

A B C D E F
Major Axis Mux (top) 2.63 0.11 2.63 --- 0 2.63
Major Axis Mux (bottom) 3.08 0.17 3.08 --- 0 -3.08
Minor Axis Muy (top) 0.28 --- 0.28 --- 0 0.28
Minor Axis Muy (bottom) 0.37 --- 0.37 --- 0 0.37

Where
A = Moments directly from analysis
B = Moments due to minimum eccentricity
C = Maximum of analysis moment and min. eccentricity = Max (A,B)
D = Initial moment = 0.4 x Min (top, bottom) + 0.6 x Max (top, bottom)
E = Moment due to slenderness effect
F = Final design Moment = Max(C- Top Bottom , D- Top Bottom) + E

Final Critical Design Forces

Pu = 14.78 kN
Mux = 3.08 kNm
Muy = 0.37 kNm
Pu / (B x D x Fck) = 0.0097
Beta = 0.9883
Mux/ D' = 0.0194
Muy/ B' = 0.0023
Mux/D' > Muy/B'
Mud-x = Mux + Beta x (D'/B') x Muy
= -3.4456 kNm

Resultant Moment (Combined Action)

Moment Capacity Check
Pt Calculated = 1.59
Reinforcement Provided = 4-T16
Load Angle = Tan-1(Muy/Mux)
= 0 deg
MRes = 3.45 kNm
( φ ) MCap = 22.99 kNm
Capacity Ratio = MRes/ MCap
= 0.15 < 1
Design Of Shear
Design for shear along D
Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vux = -1.903 kN
Pu = 14.78
Mux = 3.08 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvx = Vux / (B x Deff)
= 0.0506 N/sqmm

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 75 of 76

Check for maximum Shear Stress

Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvx < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag x Min(Vux x D /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
(Mux),1)
= 0.7981 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvx < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design for shear along B

Critical Analysis Load Combination : 3
[1] : 1.4 (LOAD 1: DEAD LOAD)
Critical Load Combination = kN
+1.6 (LOAD 2: LIVE LOAD)
Design shear force, Vuy = -0.2169 kN
Pu = 14.78
Muy = 0.37 kNm
Design shear stress, Tvy = Vuy / (D x Beff) N/sqmm
= 0.0058 N/sqmm
Check for maximum Shear Stress
Max. Shear Stress, Tc-max = 4.3818 N/sqmm
Tvy < Tc-max Hence - OK

Design shear stress, Tc = 0.7738 N/sqmm

Tc + 0.6 x Pu / Ag / Min(Vuy x B /
Enhanced shear strength, Tc-e =
Mux), 1)
= 0.7968 N/sqmm
Design shear check = Tvy < Tc-e
No Shear Reinforcement Required

Design Of Links
Normal Links
Diameter of link = 8 mm
> Max. longitudinal bar dia / 4
= 4 mm
Criterion for spacing of normal
links
Min. Longitudinal Bar dia X 12 = 192 mm
Max. Spacing of Links = 300 mm

Table For Links

Required Provided
Normal Design Shear Design
Link Dia. 8 --- 8
Spacing 175 --- 175

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 Column Design: Design Calculations Page 76 of 76

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