Project Summary

September 2019

The project has received funding from the

European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and
innovation program under grant agreement No
773406
 OPTIMAL MIX OF FLEXIBILITIES –
WP1
OBJECTIVES
SCENARIOS Neglected climate Current Goals Accelerated
actions Achieved Transformation  Quantify the
needs of
Multi-sectoral investment trajectories flexibilities in
 Electricity, gas, mobility and heat different long-
 A few hours per year : 2020 to 2050 with 5 years step term scenarios
SIMULATIONS

 macro regions up to 99 zones in Europe

 Tool : Genesys - Dynelmod
 Define the most
adequate sources
Hourly dispatch of the electrical system of flexibilities in
 Electricity only
 Hourly time step and probabilistic simulations the scenarios
 99 zones in Europe with an equivalent grid model
 Tool : Antares  Create advanced
tools and
Local sizing and siting Reserves Stability methodologies to
 60->400kV Portugal grid  225-400kV Spain  225-400kV Europe analyse flexibility
 Milliseconds time step and Portugal  Milliseconds time
 Tool : DESPLAN  Hourly time step step
 Tool : MORA  Tool : DIgSILENT

CONTEXT
What is flexibility ?
Flexibility is understood as a power system’s ability to cope with variability and uncertainty in demand, generation and grid, over
different timescales.
Why different interacting models?
Flexibility assessment covers a wide range of temporal and geographical issues that cannot all be addressed in one simulator due
the mathematical complexity. Different simulators are thus necessary and interfaces have to be created in-between to model the
various constraints.

KEY ACHIEVEMENTS UNTIL JUNE 2019

Deliverable 1.1 “European Long-Term Scenarios Description” introduces three scenarios: Current Goals Achieved,
Accelerated Transformation and Neglected Climate Action. The models Genesys and Dynelmod are presented, as well as
the assumptions and input data. First simulations results are discussed: the urge to reduce CO2 emissions leads to a deeper
electrification of the energy system (heat and transport are particularly concerned) which creates new needs and also new
opportunities of flexibility. Moreover, Power-to-X becomes crucial at high decarbonization targets.
Deliverable 1.2 “Flexibility cost and operational data” describes technologies that can serve as sources of flexibility for
the electricity system and includes, electrochemical, mechanical, and chemical storage systems as well as flexible thermal
power plants. This report is accompanied by a comprehensive data set of technical parameters and cost data.
A flexibility requirements methodology has been published to quantify flexibility needs at different time scales (annual, weekly
and daily). It has been tested on French and European scenarios to assess the flexibility needs depending on: the degree
of network interconnection, the penetration of wind power, solar power, electric heating and cooling.

NEXT STEPS BY JUNE 2020

 Run the detailed models (Antares, DESPLAN, Mora, Digsilent)
 Create the interactions between the models
 First analysis of the needs and sources of flexibility

contact : Jens WEIBEZAHN, TUB

 MARKET DESIGNS AND
REGULATIONS – WP2
SIMULATIONS
OBJECTIVES

 Explore and propose

some market-based
solutions for the
development of an
optimal mix of flexibility
sources in Europe

 Create advanced tools

and methodologies for
market design analysis
RT : Real Time ; DA : Day Ahead; ID : Intra Day - Each circle represents one of the five studies, each
consisting of a reference case and sometimes variations, the latter being represented with arrows. Orange
is for CEGrid-JMM model from UDE, and blue is for the PROMETHEUS-ATLAS model from RTE.

CONTEXT
Why should we consider market design when studying flexibility?
The rise of flexibility needs emerges from some deep changes in the electricity industry, such as the growth of short-term uncertainty.
Those same changes also question the current European market architecture, which was built upon the assumption that conventional
power plants should adapt their generation to an inflexible demand. The context evolution invites us to revisit these core principles.
What will this work package bring on the subject?
The role of this work package is to propose some market mechanisms that could enable the development of an optimal European
mix of flexibility solutions. Five candidates are considered, from specific improvements of the current zonal market, to more a
disruptive switch to a nodal market. All five will be tested and compared in five quantitative studies (see the illustration above), using
two different models, to then make recommendations. The reason for using two models is because each of them provides
complementary features to evaluate how well a market design performs, especially regarding its accuracy and its uncertainty layer
(how the information gets revealed and more precise with time to market players), which are key to the evaluation.

KEY ACHIEVEMENTS UNTIL JUNE 2019

In Deliverable 2.1 “Methodology for error forecasts”, a new method and algorithm based on copulas is used to generate forecast
errors on load and RES generation time series. The method uses real forecast data to learn and reproduce some hourly updates
on load and RES generation forecast.
Deliverable 2.2 “Candidate market mechanisms” gives a comprehensive review of existing market designs and lists the candidate
market designs selected for in-depth study in the project: the two references are Power exchange with zonal pricing and Power
pool with nodal pricing. For zonal market, variations will be tested like different product granularity or the co-optimisation of energy
and reserve.
In addition to this work, this work package has also:
 Conducted a survey in 10 countries that helped shape the candidate market design list
 Built a reference list of 77 Key Performance Indicators for measuring market designs’ performance

NEXT STEPS BY JUNE 2020

 Collect the data (grid, time series) for the simulations
 Simulate the different market designs

Contact: Maxime LAASRI, RTE

 GRID FORMING BY MULTI-SERVICES
HYBRID STORAGE - WP3

DEVICES

Supercapacitors 1MW-10s 720 kVA/560 kWh LTO battery

0.5MVA-60min Li-ion battery 25 kWh LTO battery OBJECTIVES
EPFL Campus
SERVICES

Le Castelet – RTE substation

 Test the robustness and effectiveness of
Grid forming grid forming control in two real
environments
Fast frequency control, FCR, aFRR
Congestion management*
 Assess multi-services compatibility
 Define DC power and energy
*These services are not at the core of the demo, only their compatibility with grid forming will management strategies
be assessed
 Test the portability of the control strategies
over different hardware platforms

CONTEXT
Why grid forming?
Today, inverters are “grid following” : they behave as current sources and follow the voltage waveform of the network. With more
inverter-based generation, inverters have to be “grid forming” to ensure the robustness of the system. Specific control algorithms
were designed in the H2020 Migrate project but have never been tested on real environments.
Why hybrid storage?
Hybrid storage, like in the RTE/Ingeteam demo, includes supercapacitors and a battery. The supercapacitors provides the very fast
power peaks required by grid forming. The battery can sustain longer energy needs, especially for other services than grid forming.
This could also be used as a proof for upgrading existing battery to grid forming without additional constraint on the battery
.Otherwise, fast batteries (Lithium-Titanate) like in the EPFL demo could be used.
Why multiservices?
To assess the cost of grid forming we need to study how this function synergizes with other traditional services, by sharing common
hardware and avoid an oversizing

KEY ACHIEVEMENTS UNTIL JUNE 2019

Deliverable 3.1 - Multi-service control algorithm for converters describes a scheduling and control framework for a battery
energy storage system to provide simultaneously multiple services to the electrical grid. Its objective is to maximize the battery
exploitation from these services in the presence of uncertainty.

Deliverable 3.2 - Overall specifications of the demos presents the technical description of the EPFL and RTE demos and
defines Key Performance Indicators for each. It details Migrate control updates required for industrial implementation and
simulation results. Different DC control strategies for power and energy sharing between the different DC components are also
described and simulated. A modified version of the IEEE 39 bus system modelled in a real time simulation platform is detailed
and provides a reliable benchmark with long term testing capabilities.

NEXT STEPS BY JUNE 2020

 Build RTE/Ingeteam demonstrator
 Run the EPFL demo

contact : Guillaume DENIS, RTE

 MULTI-SERVICES BY THE COORDINATED
CONTROL OF STORAGE AND FACTS
DEVICES – WP4
DEVICES

Master control

STATCOM Flywheel & Other devices

Ultracapacitors Li-Ion batteries

Emulation of inertia, Fast Fault Current Injection, Power OBJECTIVES

oscillation Damping
 Define a Master Control to coordinate
SERVICES

Frequency regulation different flexibility solutions

Setpoint tracking, Management of renewable energy  Design a new hybrid and modular
variability, program management storage solution offering multi-services
 Develop a lithium-ion battery connected
Congestion Management, Voltage Control at high voltage in DC (≥ 1 kV)

CONTEXT
Why a hybrid storage device offering multi-services?
The STATCOM, ultracapacitors and the batteries will share the same AC/DC converter enabling more synergies between the three
devices and cost reduction. Multi-services ensures to benefit from the full range of possibilities of the devices leading to cost reduction
of the services.
Why a battery connected at high voltage in DC?
For a given DC power on battery side, increasing the voltage range leads to decreasing of the current and as a consequence to
reduce losses. Since Power Converter Solutions manufacturers migrate from less than 1000V to 1500V on DC side, mainly driven
by photovoltaic market, battery voltage has to be increased in the same way, for a common and optimized solution battery and PCS.

KEY ACHIEVEMENTS UNTIL JUNE 2019

Deliverable 4.1 “Comprehensive report on functionalities and services for the power system” gives a detailed description
of each of the functionalities expected from the demo and a set of technical requirements.
Regarding the Master control, a simulation platform to test different strategies on grid scenarios is in an advanced stage, and
models are in development as well as the degradation model for the Li-ion battery.
Regarding the hybrid storage device, the detailed specifications and the control of the device are defined. The control system
has been developed with synchronized measurement and action capability at all levels described: power electronics, storage
system, auxiliary systems, refrigeration and protections levels, among others. Methodologies and interface windows have been
obtained in order to control and monitor the device.
Regarding the high voltage battery, the architecture system (electrical and communication architecture) for both containers
has been settled and main technical specifications have been written.

NEXT STEPS BY JUNE 2020

 Finalise the simulation platform of the master control, define different strategies and simulate them on grid
scenarios
 Final assembly of the high voltage batteries containers and Factory Acceptance Tests
 Start to assemble a prototype of the Hybrid storage device in a laboratory

contact : Pablo MARTIN MUÑOZ, REE

 MULTI-SERVICES BY COORDINATED
GRID DEVICES, LARGE DEMAND-
RESPONSE AND RES – WP5

DEVICES

OBJECTIVES
9 industrial consummers 2 wind farms - 33 MW 7x150kV lines
 Demonstrate the provision of FRR
~120 MW of flexibility +1 battery (2 MW - 2 MWh) Dynamic Thermal Ratings
and AVC by single or aggregated
SERVICES

TERNA
industrial loads
Frequency Automatic
Restoration Voltage Control  Demonstrate the provision of
Reserve and and Synthetic Synthetic Inertia and AVC by wind
Automatic Inertia farms
Voltage Control
 Test innovative DTR

Congestion management with an Energy Management System  Develop an Energy Management

system to coordinate congestion
management by DTR, RES and
industrial loads
CONTEXT
Why demonstrating services by wind farms and industrial loads?
Today most of the ancillary services are achieved by traditional power plants. Tomorrow, these plants will be less numerous and thus other
providers of these flexibilities becomes necessary and could prove more cost-efficient.
Why innovative Dynamic Thermal Ratings?
DTR assess the real-time capacity of lines depending on weather conditions. To be accurate, it requires numerous sensors. Using advanced
modelling features and cooperative computing could reduce the installation and maintenance costs.
Why an Energy Management System?
To ensure a cost effective congestion management, all flexibilities available should be considered. As more and more options are available (DTR,
demand response…), the TSO operators need smart support to identify the best solution.

KEY ACHIEVEMENTS UNTIL JUNE 2019

Deliverable 5.1 “Techno-economic analysis of DSR and RES selected services” provides a detailed description of the assets
participating in the demo: the grid portion, the 2 RES power plants and 10 large industrial loads. Market regulatory context
and evolution are discussed in the context of the demo. Technical specifications of the selected flexibility services are given,
as well as economic analysis of their value. Finally, the aggregator platform architecture and main functionalities, as well as
the hardware solution for the control of loads and the control logics of RES power plants are illustrated.

In deliverable 5.2 “General technical specification for EMS and physical demo implementation” and its annexes (not public),
various detailed specifications are described. First, specifications for a Zonal Energy Management System and for
aggregators EMS are given, including a Cyber security analysis. Then Dynamic line Rating, in particular innovative DLR with
a distributed computing framework are specified and a literature review on RES and load forecasting is presented. Finally, the
assessment of the flexibility of 9 large industrial loads is detailed.

NEXT STEPS BY JUNE 2020

 Install the Dynamic Thermal Ratings on High Voltage lines
 Equip the industrial consumers and the wind farms to participate in the demo
 Implement the Energy Management System


contact : Luca ORRU, TERNA

 NEAR REAL-TIME CROSS
BORDER MARKET
DEVICES
– WP6

DEVICES

DEM, TES and SENG

Soverzene plant Santa Massenza plant plants High voltage grid
20MW participating 70MW participating 135MW participating TERNA & ELES
ENEL HDE OBJECTIVES
HSE
 Design a market which
takes advantage of the
SERVICES

Near real-time energy cross border market taking into account grid flexibility near real-time
constraints
 Develop the software and
platforms for bids
creation, selection and
activation
 Demonstrate the
effectiveness and security
CONTEXT
What is the interest of this market?
Close to real-time, flexibility providers (like hydro producers) have better forecast of their constraints and can take advantage of last
time exchanges of energy. Joint optimization of generation, storage and grid capacity limits the uncertainties that are currently
present when cross border capacities are calculated separately from market results.
What are the challenges of this market?
The real-time exchanges should absolutely not create overloads on the grid as the TSOs will not have time to modify the dispatch.
As a consequence, the selection of bids should take into account the possible grid constraints in N and N-1 in the near future. In
case of an unexpected overload, the exchanges should be stopped automatically. More generally, the whole process of bids offer,
selection and activation should be very fast, reliable and efficient.

KEY ACHIEVEMENTS UNTIL JUNE 2019

Deliverable D6.1 “Mechanism design and specifications” describes :
- The target FlexEnergy market : it is a cross border energy market with a gate closure time 15 minutes before real time,
a selection of bids every 5 minutes with a Model Predictive Control taking into account grid constraints, and a 10 seconds
activations through the aFRR signal.
- The specifications for the creation of the bids, integration into regular energy management processes and
communication with the market platform, as well as the high level structure and data exchange, communication and links
between different modules.
- A first version of the Model Predictive Control algorithm tested on a dedicated simulator.

NEXT STEPS BY JUNE 2020

 Define precisely the data exchanges between the TSOs, the flexibility providers and the market platform
 Develop the modeling and merging functions of the market platform
 Improve the performances of the algorithm to select the bids
 Develop the algorithms to create the bids on the generators side

contact : Gorazd AZMAN, ELES

SCALING UP AND REPLICATION – WP7

INTEROPERABILITY - T7.1
OBJECTIVES
 Refine the interoperability
framework of IEC61850
 Demonstrate the engineering
process of IEC61850 ENTSOE
profile with different specifications
tools
 Demonstrate the interoperability
framework of IEC61850 with
products from different
manufacturers
KEY ACHIEVEMENTS UNTIL JUNE 2019
Specifications of the demonstrator and tests cases are defined. Siemens,
Ingeteam, Efacec, Schneider Electric and Helinks equipments will participate in
the demo in R&D NESTER lab with a real time power system simulator.
Refinements of the engineering process have been defined and their
benefits identified. Extensions of the standard have been specified especially
for signal flow independent from IEDs and communication.
NEXT STEPS BY JUNE 2020
 Commission of the different equipments
 Start the demo

TSO-DSO FLEXIBILITIES COORDINATION – T7.2

OBJECTIVES
 Provide an optimization framework
taking into account different time
scales for voltage control on the
DSO grid in coordination with the
TSO
 Demonstrate the software tool and
its benefits in a demo in real-time
simulation
KEY ACHIEVEMENTS UNTIL JUNE 2019
Available flexibility in the grid and innovative approaches for coordination
and activation of flexibilities between TSO and DSO are described in the
internal deliverable 7.2.1.
The internal deliverable 7.2.2 specifies the optimization of flexibilities
based on a cost minimization to suggest actions to the DSO.
NEXT STEPS BY JUNE 2020
 Develop the Flexibility Scheduler tool
 Identify the test cases and the datasets
 Start the real-time demo in R&D Nester lab

BATTERY ENERGY STORAGE SYSTEM : DESIGN & CONTROL AND

SHARED DATABASE – T7.3 & T7.4

OBJECTIVES KEY ACHIEVEMENTS UNTIL JUNE 2019

 Develop methods and tools for design
and control of BESS leading to a
decrease of Levelised Cost for BESS
 Creation of a shared database with
advanced data analytics for BESS
(Battery ESS) in operation
A first version of optimal sizing tool has been tested on a preliminary use-
case. The benefits of taking into account at the BESS sizing stage some
accurate parameters for battery ageing and storage system efficiency has
been quantified on this specific application.
Deliverable 7.6 (not public) details the specifications of the ESS database.
A pre-existing tool at the CEA has been improved with major functionalities
and better interoperability. A new algorithm of the calculation of the state of
health and other ageing indicators is developed, tested and integrated.

NEXT STEPS BY JUNE 2020

 Test the sizing methodology and implement advanced control
algorithm on WP3 and WP4 test cases
 Integrate new data analytical tools from different developers
and deliver a first version of the BESS database contact : Yves-Marie BOURIEN, CEA