6/9/2020 PubMed Central, Table 1: Iran J Vet Res. 2017 Summer; 18(3): 154–163.

Table 1
Suggested diagnostic laboratory tests for the detection of PI infected animals (Larson et al., 2004 ▶)

study at a later 3-4 weeks to distinguish

date between PI and TI
Immunohistochemistry Low cost -High -Labour-intensive -Skin samples-ear notch and
(IHC) sensitivity -Formalin usage tissue samples
2-5 day turnaround -Usually -Will not generally identify -Send fresh on wet ice or stored
identifies only generally identify TI in 1:10 volume of 10% neutral
PI animals buffered formalin
-TI animals -Sample can be held in
usually test formalin for several weeks
negative
Antigen-Capture Low cost -High -Potential false negative -Serum (2 ml)
ELISA of serum sensitivity due to the interference by -Send in insulated container
1-2 day turnaround -Easy to carry maternal antibodies with cold packs
out -Variation of viremia
-To distinguish between PI
and TI animals, retest 3
weeks later
Antigen-Capture Low cost -High -Will generally not identify -Skin samples-ear notches
ELISA of skin sensitivity TI animals -Send in insulated container
1-2 day turnaround -Usually with cold packs
identifies only -Do not allow to dry out
PI animals
-TI animals
usually test
negative
Antigen-Capture Low cost -High -Labor-intensive to prepare -Whole blood (10 ml) using
ELISA of sensitivity buffy coat EDTA or heparin
tissue/leukocytes -Not used in a large -Tissues
1-3 day turnaround screening -Send in insulated container
with cold packs
Polymerase chain Moderate to high -High -Potential of false positive -Whole blood (10 ml) or serum
reaction (PCR) cost (can be reduced sensitivity due to laboratory (2-3 ml)
1-3 day turnaround pooling samples) -Can detect 1 contamination -Ear notches in red top tubes
ng/ml BVDV -Retest samples in 3 weeks -Milk, semen and tissues
RNA to distinguish between PI -Send in insulated container
and TI animals with cold packs

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