Name:

Syed Asad Hussain

Roll no:
1783-BC-19
Submit To:
M.M. Elahi

Submit on date 7 july,2020

Muslims and Hindus were living together since centuries
then why they got separation in 1947. Critically analyse
the factors of Two Nations Theory in sub continent?

Answer:
Two Nation Theory:
The two nations theory means the cultural, political, religious, social, and
economical dissimilarities between two major communities e.g. Muslims and Hindus of Sub
Continent.
This theory concluded that there are two major communities in Sub Continent
which are entirely different from each other and having own different philosophy of life.
The two nation theory was the basis of creation oh Pakistan as a separate and
independent homeland. In spite of together living of two major nations not forget their
individual cultures and civilization. It motivated the spirit of separate homeland for Muslims
that they realized Muslims and Hindus are entirely differ they cannot live together.it raised the
direction for Muslims on which the Pakistan was achived.
Al- Beruni has recorded his ideas in his book kitab-ul-Hind in 1001 A.D:

“The Hindus have maintained their peculiar character over the centuries. The
two societies Muslims and Hindus, like two streams have sometimes touched but
never merged, each following separate course.”

Factors:
Factors that divide Sub Continent into two differ nations:
 Religious Difference
Hindu Nationalism
Cultural difference
Social difference
Economical difference
 Educational difference
Political difference
Language

 Religious difference
 Muslims

Muslims lives their lives according to Islam. They believe in Tawheed

(Oneness of Allah).And believe that Allah is the creator of this universe. Muslims are the true
believers of Allah and the Follower of Last Holy Prophet (PBUH). They believes Holy Prophet
(PBUH) is the Last Prophet of Allah. He (PBUH) the last prophet of Allah no one have come after
him (PBUH) and non will come. Thy live their lives According to Holy Quran (a complete code of
life).While

 Hindus
Hindus believes in many Gods. They have thousands of goods. They
entirely Differ Religion than Muslims. Hindus worship their God.

 Hindu Nationalism
The hindu nationalism were started in sub-continent when hindus just
side the whole efforts and contribute Muslims. It gave a Fuel to fire and increase the
conflict amoung two nations in sub continent.there was some movements aimed to merge
Muslims with Hindus.And tried to remove the Muslims presence in Sub continent.
  Cultural Difference

 Islamic Culture
Muslims followed the Islamic culture. Muslims follows the guides
of Islam. Muslims follows the holy prophet (PBUH). Muslims are the true follower of
Holy Prophet (PBUH). Muslims buried their dead bodies according to the study of Islam.
Muslims slaughters the cows. Islam teach us Akhuwat and brotherhood. Everyone is
Equal in Islam. Islam teaches us Equality. Muslims do Nikah according to Islam.

 Hindu Culture
Hindu inherited the self-made culture. The Hindus burnt their dead
bodies. They considered the mother cow as a sacred animal slaughter is against near
them. They worship cows. Hindus Worship and having cultures like devali, etc. Their
exists a cast system in Hindus. Hindus prefers sagai, etc.

 Social difference
The two nations in sub-continent are different in their social life.
The clothes (Muslims womans wear shalwar kameez and hindus prefers sari,etc.) ,
the food, the household utensils, the construction of homes, the words of greeting
every thng among these two nations in sub-continent. The moral values, the
nomaties, and the ethics of both the communities are entirely differ.

 Political difference
 Urdu Hindi controversy (1867)
 Congress attitude
 Partition of Bangal


Urdu Hindi controversy (1867):

In 1867. Hindus demanded that urdu should be written in hindi script
instead od Urdu script. Sir Syed Ahmed Khan had once stated,
 "I look to both Hindus and Muslims with the same eyes & consider them as two eyes
of a bride. By the word nation I only mean Hindus and Muslims and nothing else. We
Hindus and Muslims live together under the same soil under the same government. I
am now convinced that the Hindus and Muslims could never become one nation as
their religion and way of life was quite distinct from one another.”

Congress Attitude
The indian national congress was founded in 1885. It claims that it represents the
all communities in sub-continent but oppressed all Muslims Ideas and supported Hindus.

 Languages
Urdu
The Language of Muslims was Urdu and its was written in Arabic script. Urdu language has
difference in writing, thoughts of poetry, art and word of music. This was the cause
of stirring conflict among the two nations of sub continent.

Hindi
Hindi language was spoken by hindus and it was written in Sanskrit. Hindi
language has its own arts and ways of writing which is quiet differ from Urdu.
Language.

 Sir Syed pioneer of two nations theory, said:

. I am now convinced that the Hindus and Muslims could never become one
nation as their religion and way of life was quite distinct from one another.

 Quaid e Azam point of view:

 Muslims are not minority, we are one nation by the every definition of the
word nation. BY all canons of international law we are nation.

 Allama Iqbal’s point of view:

India is a continent of human beings to different languages to professing

different religions…I, therefore, demand the formation of a consolidation of Muslim
state in the best interest of Muslims of India and Islam