Hydroelectric

Power
MAGSANAY | MANGALINDAN | MENDOZA | MENOR | MOLAR
HYDROELECTRIC POWER
• Also known as hydropower
• Oldest method of power generation
• Most used form of renewable energy resource in the world
• Statistically, the world’s electricity produced by
hydropower stands at 21%, and the total number of
people supplied by energy generated from hydropower
plants is a staggering 1,250,000,000.
HYDROELECTRIC POWER
• Water that is flowing creates energy that can be captured
and turned into electricity.
• Simply the process of harnessing the kinetic energy from
moving water to produce power.
• In the modern world, hydropower plants utilize turbines
and generators to produce electricity
HISTORY
• Hydropower was first used in mechanical millings like
grinding grain.
• At the beginning of the 1800’s, hydroelectric power
provided mechanical power for textile and machine
industries.
• 1831 - the first electric generator was invented by
Michael Faraday
• 1882 - the first hydroelectric power plant located in
Appleton, Wisconsin, began to generate electricity
Hydroelectric Power Installed
Capacity by Region
Electricity production from
hydroelectric sources (% of total) in
Philippines
Hydroelectric Power Plant in the
Philippines
How it works?
• Hydropower or hydroelectricity refers to the conversion of energy
from flowing water into electricity.

• Hydroelectric power comes from the water at work, water in

motion.

• Water sources, generating and transmitting power.

How it works?
Flowing water Turbine Generator

“ELECTRICITY”
How it works?
• Theoretical horse power =( Vol. flow rate * Head)/8.8
Sizes of Hydroelectric Power
Plants

Hydro plant facilities can be categorized into three sizes:

large (>30 MW), small (100 kW - 30 MW), or micro (<100
kW). Facilities range in size from large power plants that
supply many consumers with electricity to small and micro
plants that individuals operate for their own energy needs
or to sell power to utilities.
Sizes of Hydroelectric Power
Plants
• Large Hydropower – Although definitions vary, DOE
defines large hydropower as facilities that have a
capacity of more than 30 megawatts (MW).
• Small Hydropower – Although definitions vary, DOE
defines small hydropower as projects that generate 10
MW or less of power.
• Micro Hydropower – A micro hydropower plant has a
capacity of up to 100 kilowatts. A small or micro-
hydroelectric power system can produce enough
electricity for a home, farm, ranch, or village.
Main Types of Hydropower
1. IMPOUNDMENT FACILITIES
• most common type of hydroelectric power plant
• uses a dam to create a large reservoir of water
• Electricity is made when water passes through turbines
in the dam.
• Water released from the reservoir flows through a
turbine, spinning it, which in turn activates a generator
to produce electricity. The water may be released either
to meet changing electricity needs or to maintain a
constant reservoir level.
Impoundment Facilities
Main Types of Hydropower
2. PUMPED STORAGE
• works like a battery, storing the electricity generated by
other power sources like solar, wind, and nuclear for later
use.
• stores energy by pumping water uphill to a reservoir at
higher elevation from a second reservoir at a lower
elevation.
• Water can be pumped from the lower reservoir to the
upper reservoir, storing energy for use later.
Main Types of Hydropower
3. RUN-OF-RIVER
• rely more on natural water flow rates, diverting just a
portion of river water through turbines, sometimes
without the use of a dam or reservoirs.
So just how do we get
useful energy from
water?
ADVANTAGES
• Clean Energy Source
• Renewable Energy
• Generally Available
• High Efficiency of
Hydroelectric power
plants
DISADVANTAGES
• Expensive to build
• Environmental Impacts
 Fish Population
 Quality and Flow of Water
 Ecosystems of Rivers and Streams
• Drought
• Limited Reservoirs
THANK YOU.