Law Enforcement Administration

Administration - an organizational process concerned with the implementation of objectives and plans and internal oper
Law Enforcement Administration - the process involved in ensuring strict compliance, proper obedience of laws and related statutes.
efficiency.
Focuses on the policing process  or how law enforcement agencies are organized and manage in order to achieve the goals of law
enforcement most effectively, efficiently and productively. Organization - a group of persons working together for a common goal or objectives.

Law - the system of rules that a particular country or community recognizes as regulating the actions of its members and may enforce
Police Organization - a group of trained personnel in the field of public safety administration engaged in the achievemen
by the imposition of penalties. and objectives that promotes the maintenance of peace and order, protection of life and property, enforcement of the la
prevention of crimes.
Enforcement - means to compel obedience to a law, regulation or command.
Enforcement - means to compel obedience to a law, regulation or command.
Administration - an organizational process concerned with the implementation of objectives and plans and internal operating
efficiency. Connotes bureaucratic structure and behavior, relative routine decision-making and maintenance of the internal order.Law Enforcement Agency - pertains to an organization responsible for enforcing the laws.

Sir Robert Peel - considered a "father of law enforcement". Objectives - refer to the purpose by which the organization was created. Refer to the goals of the organization.

Sir Robert Peels Nine Principles of Policing Supervision - means the act of watching over the work or tasks of the members of the organization to ensure that desire
achieved.
1. The basic mission for which the police exist is to prevent crime and disorder.
Management - the process of directing and facilitating the work of people organized in formal groups in order to achieve
2. The ability of the police to perform their duties is dependent upon  public approval of police actions. Judicious or wise use of resources (manpower, material,money,equipment,
supplies and time).
3. Police must secure the willing cooperation of the public in voluntary observance of the law to be able to secure  and maintain
the respect of the public. Hierarchy - represents the formal relationship among superiors and subordinates in any given organization. Serves as the
    for the flow of authority downward and obedience upward, through the department.
4. The degree of cooperation of the public that can be secured diminishes proportionally to the necessity of the use of force.
Authority - the right to command and control the behavior of employees in lower positions within an organizational hiera
5. Police seek and preserve public favor not by catering to public opinion but by constantly demonstrating absolute  impartial service be viewed in terms of prescribed roles rather than of individuals.
to the law. A particular position within the organization. Carries the same regardless of who occupies that position.
 
6. Police use physical force to the extent necessary to secure observance of the law or to restore order only when  the expertise of Management/Administrative Functions
persuasion, advice and warning is found to be  insufficient. 1. Planning
2. Organizing
7. Police at all time should maintain a relationship with the public that  gives reality to the historic tradition; the  police are the public
3. Directing 
and  the public are the police. The police being only full time individuals charged with the  duties that are incumbent on all of the 4. Controlling
citizens. 5. staffing
6. Reporting
8. Police should always direct their actions strictly towards their functions and never appear to usurp the powers  of the judiciary.7. Budgeting

9. The test of police efficiency is  the absence of crime and disorder not the visible evidence of police action in  dealing with it. Principles of efficient Management

Administration of Police Organization * Division of work - work specialization can increase efficiency with the same amount of effort.

Police - one of the pillars of the criminal justice system that has the specific responsibility of maintaining law and order and * Authority and Responsibility- authority includes the right to command and the power to require 
combating crime within the society.    obedience. One can not have authority without responsibility.
         - comes from Latin "politia"-civil administration which itself derives from the ancient Greek police "city"

1
* Discipline - necessary for an organization to function effectively, however, the state of the disciplinary
   process depends upon the quality of its leaders.
* Unity of Command - subordinate should receive orders from one superior only.
* Scalar Chain - the hierarchy of authority is the order of ranks from the highest to the lowest levels of the      - policemen are civil servants whose key duty is the  preservation of public peace and security.
   organization. Shows the vertical hierarchy of the organization which defines an unbroken chain of 
   units from top to bottom describing explicitly the flow of authority.
Organizational Units in the Police Organization
1. Functional Units
   Bureau - the largest organic functional unit within a  large department; comprised of several divisions.
    Division - a primary subdivision of a bureau.
    Section - functional unit within a division that is  necessary for specialization.
    Unit - functional group within a section or the  smallest functional group within an organization.
2. Territorial Units      - broadens police activities to cater to social services   and has for its mission the welfare of the individual
    Post - a fixed point or location to which an officer is assigned for duty.
    Route - a length of streets designated for patrol purpose, also called line beat.
    Beat - an area designed for patrol purposes whether foot or motorized.
    Sector - an area containing two or more beat, route or post.
    District - a geographical subdivision of a city for patrol purposes, usually with its own station.
 
    Area - a section or territorial division of a large city each comprised of designated districts.
EVOLUTION OF THE POLICING SYSTEM
ORIGIN OF THE WORD “POLICE”
POLITEIA – Greek word which means government of the city
POLITIA – Roman word which means condition of the state or government
POLICE – French word which was later adopted by the English language
THEORIES OF POLICE SERVICE
1.  HOME RULE THEORY
    - policemen are regarded as servants of the community, who rely  for the efficiency of their functions upon the express
of   the people.
    
2. CONTINENTAL THEORY
    - policemen are regarded as state or servants of the   higher authorities
    - the people have no share or have little participation with the duties nor connection with the police
    organization.
CONCEPTS OF POLICE SERVICE
1. OLD CONCEPT
    - police service gives the impression of being merely a  suppressive machinery
    - this philosophy advocates that the measurement of  police competence is the increasing number of arrests,  throwing
in detention facilities rather than  trying to prevent them from committing crimes
2. MODERN CONCEPT
    - regards police as the first line of defense of the  criminal justice system, an organ of crime prevention
    - police efficiency is measured by the decreasing number   of crimes
    as well as that of the community in general.
EARLY POLICING SYSTEM
1. KIN POLICING
    - the family of the offended individual was expected to  assume responsibility for justice
    - the family of the victim was allowed to exact   vengeance
2. EGYPT
    - ancient rulers had elite unit to protect them
    - created the MEDJAYS, a form of police force whose  duties include guarding of the tombs and apprehending   thieves
    - introduced the use of dogs as guards and protectors.
3. ROME
    - created the first organized police force called   VIGILES OF ROME, or VIGILES URBANI (watchmen of the
    city), which had the primary task of firefighting and   policing
    - the Vigiles acted as night watch, apprehending thieves, keeping an eye out for burglars and hunting
   down runaway slaves, and were on occasion used to  maintain order in the streets
    - the Vigiles dealt primarily with petty crimes and  looked for disturbances of the peace while they
    patrolled the streets
    - created a special unit called PRAETORIAN GUARDS, a   special force of guards used by Roman Emperors as the   Empe
personal guards
    - as personal guards of the Emperor, their primary duty   was to protect the Emperor from assassination and   other for
2
against the Emperor.      - modeled after the Metropolitan Police Service of    London

4. ENGLAND     b. BOSTON POLICE DEPARTMENT

     - the oldest police department in the US
    a) FRANKPLEDGE SYSTEM/MUTUAL PLEDGE SYSTEM      - the first night watch was established in Boston in 1631.
    - required all males aged 12 and above to join a group   of nine to form a TYTHING      - formally founded in May, 1854.
    - members of the tything are called a TYTHINGMEN
    - a CONSTABLE served as a leader of ten tythings AUGUST VOLLMER - recognized as the Father of Modern Law Enforcement for his contributions in the development of th
    - the primary task of the things was to protect their    village from thieves and animals criminal justice in the US
    - tythings were later organized into SHIRES - author of the book, Police Administration, which served as the basic guide in the administration of the
    - a shire was headed by a leader called SHIRE REEVE,  which is the origin of the word “sheriff” police organization in the US
    - their duty was to apprehend offenders - was the first police chief of Berkeley, California.

    b) PARISH CONSTABLES Important Personalities in the Evolution of Philippine Policing

    - a parish official charged with controlling crimes
    - appointed to serve for one year Brig.Gen. Rafael Crame - the first Filipino Chief of the Philippine Constabulary in 1917.
    - duties included organizing watchmen to guard the  
    gates Col. Antonio Torres - the first Filipino Chief of Police of the Manila Police Department in 1935.
    - during trouble, the watchman would raise a “HUE AND
    CRY”, a call to arms where the rest of the parish Col. Lambert Javalera -  the first chief of police of the Manila Police Department after the Philippine Independence from t
    would stop what they were doing and come to the aid    States of America in 1946
    of the constable.
Dir.Gen. Cesar Nazareno - the first chief of the Philippine National Police.
MODERN POLICING SYSTEM
HIGHLIGHTS OF RA 6975 – THE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACT OF 
1) ENGLAND 1990, RA 8551 – THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE REFORM AND REORGANIZATION ACT OF 
1998 and RA 9708
    a. BOWSTREET RUNNERS - a group of men organized to arrest offenders.
      - organized by Henry Fielding, a magistrate in London,in 1749 in London, England. A. THE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL  GOVERNMENT (DILG)
      - the name was adopted from the name of the street where the office of Henry Fielding was located.     - formerly Department of Local Government (DLG)
      - when Henry Fielding retired as magistrate, he was  replaced by his blind brother, John Fielding     - reorganized under RA 6975

    b. METROPOLITAN POLICE OF ACT 1829 ORGANIZATION: - consist of:

      - the law that created the first modern police force in  London England, called the Metropolitan Police    a) the Department proper
        Service. b) existing bureaus and offices of the DLG
      - this law was passed through the initiative of Sir  Robert Peel, a member of the Parliament c) local government units (LGU)
      - the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police Service  is the Scotland Yard, now known as the New        1) provincial governors
        Scotland Yard     2) city and municipal mayors
d) the National Police Commission
SIR ROBERT PEEL - recognized as the father of modern policing system. e) the Philippine Public Safety College
f) Philippine National Police
2. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA g) Bureau of Fire Protection
    a. NEW YORK POLICE DEPARTMENT h) Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
     - created in 1845 in New York, USA
     - recognized as the first modern style police  department in the US.   - the PPSC, PNP, BFP and BJMP were created under RA  6975
     - the largest police force in the world   - headed by the Secretary to be appointed by the  President and who shall serve at the pleasure of the
3
    President
  - the Secretary shall be assisted by two (2)  Undersecretaries and three (3) Assistant Secretaries
      a) Undersecretary for Local Government
      b) Undersecretary for Peace and Order
  - No retired or resigned military officer or police  official may be appointed as Secretary within one
   (1) year from date of retirement or resignation
  - the Secretary is also the ex officio chairman of the  National Police Commission
  
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE DILG
1. Assist the President in the exercise of general   supervision over local governments;
2. Advise the President in the promulgation of policies,   rules, regulations and other issuances on the general
    supervision over local governments and on public  order and safety;
3. Establish and prescribe rules, regulations and other  issuance's implementing laws on public order and
    safety, the general supervision over local  governments and the promotion of local autonomy
    and community empowerment and monitor compliance thereof;
4. Provide assistance towards legislation regarding local  governments, law enforcement and public safety;
    Establish and prescribe plans, policies, programs and projects to promote peace and order, ensure public
    safety and further strengthen the administrative,  technical and fiscal capabilities of local government
    offices and personnel;
5. Formulate plans, policies and programs which will meet  local emergencies arising from natural and man-made  disasters; Establish
a system of coordination and  cooperation among the citizenry, local executives and  the Department, to ensure effective and   9. Issue subpoena and subpoena duces tecum in  matters pertaining to the discharge of its own
efficient  delivery of basic services to the public;
6. Organize, train and equip primarily for the   performance of police functions, a police force that
    is national in scope and civilian in character.
RELATIONSHIP OF THE DILG WITH THE DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEFENSE (DND)
- under RA 6975, the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) was in charge with external security while the
DILG was in charge with internal security
- under RA 8551, the Armed Forces of the Philippines is now in charge with both internal and external
security with the PNP as support through information gathering and performance of ordinary police
functions.
NATIONAL POLICE COMMISSION
- an agency attached to the DILG for policy coordination
- shall exercise administrative control and operational supervision over the PNP.
VISION OF THE NAPOLCOM
"We envision the National Police Commission as a highly dynamic, committed and responsive administering and controlling body,
actively and effectively facilitating the evolvement of a highly professional, competent,
disciplined, credible and trustworthy PNP"
MISSION OF THE NAPOLCOM
"To administer and control the Philippine National Police with the end in view of maintaining a highly
professional, competent, disciplined, credible and trustworthy PNP”
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE NAPOLCOM
A. Exercise administrative control and operational supervision over the Philippine National Police (PNP)   
    which shall mean the power to:
  1. Develop policies and promulgate a police manual  prescribing rules and regulations for efficient
      organization, administration, and operation, including  criteria for manpower allocation distribution and
      deployment, recruitment, selection, promotion, and  retirement of personnel and the conduct of
qualifying entrance and promotional examinations for   uniformed members;
  2. Examine and audit, and thereafter establish  standards for such purposes on a continuing basis, 
      the performance,activities, and facilities of all police agencies throughout the country;
  3. Establish a system of uniform crime reporting;
  4. Conduct annual self-report surveys and compile statistical data for accurate assessment of the crime
      situation and the proper evaluation of the efficiency  and effectiveness of all police units in the country;
  5. Approve or modify plans and programs on education  and training, logistical requirements, communications, records,
systems, crime laboratory, crime  prevention and crime reporting;
  6. Affirm, reverse or modify, through the National  Appellate Board, personnel administrative actions  
      involving the demotion or dismissal from the service  imposed upon members of the Philippine National  
      Police by the Chief of the Philippine National Police;
  7. Exercise appellate jurisdiction through the Regional  Appellate Boards, over administrative cases against
      policemen and over decisions on claims for police  benefits;
  8. Prescribe minimum standards for arms, equipment,  and uniforms and, after consultation with the  
      Philippine Heraldry Commission, for insignia of ranks,   awards, medals of honor;
 
      powers and duties,and designate who among its  personnel can issue processes and administer oaths
      in connection therewith;
  10. Inspect and assess the compliance of the PNP on  the established criteria for manpower allocation,
        distribution and deployment and their impact on the community and the crime situation, and thereafter
        formulate appropriate guidelines for maximization of resources and effective utilization of the PNP  
        personnel;
  11. Monitor the performance of the local chief  executives  as deputies of the Commission; and
  12. Monitor and investigate police anomalies and  irregularities.
B. Advise the President on all matters involving police functions and administration;
C. Render to the President and to Congress an annual  report of its activities and accomplishments during the
     thirty (30)days after the end of the calendar year,  which shall include an appraisal of the conditions
     obtaining in the organization and administration of  police agencies in the municipalities, cities and  
     provinces throughout the country, and  recommendations for appropriate remedial    
     legislations;
D. Recommend to the President, through the Secretary,  within sixty (60) days before the commencement of 
    each calendar year, a crime prevention program; and
E. Perform such other functions necessary to carry out  the provisions of R.A. 6975, as amended, other  
    existing laws and Presidential issuance's, and as the   President may direct.
COMPOSITION OF NAPOLCOM
1. One chairperson
4
2. Four regular commissioner - functions that carry out the major purposes of the organization, delivering the services and dealing
3. The Chief PNP as ex officio member directly with the public
Note: - the backbone of the police department
    * shall serve a term of office of six (6) years     without reappointment or extension - examples of the line functions of the police are patrolling, traffic duties, crime investigation
    * three of the four regular commissioners shall come   from civilian sector and not former members of the
       police or military 2. STAFF/ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS
    * the fourth regular commissioner shall come from the  law enforcement sector either active or retired - functions that are designed to support the line functions and assist in the performance of the line
    * at least one (1) of the four regular commissioners   shall be a woman functions
    * from among the three regular commissioners from  the civilian sector, the Vice Chairperson shall be - examples of the staff functions of the police are planning, research, budgeting and legal advice
       chosen
    * the Vice Chairperson shall act as the Executive  Officer of the Commission 3. AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
    * refer to the organizational structure of the   NAPOLCOM - functions involving the logistical operations of the organization
- examples are training, communication, maintenance, records management, supplies and equipment management
Important dates in the history of modern Philippine Policing
ORGANIC UNITS IN A POLICE ORGANIZATION
1901 - ACT no. 175 of the Philippine Commission established the Philippine constabulary on august 8, 1901.
1905 - the Philippine constabulary school was established at the sta.lucia barracks in Intramuros on February 17, 1905. 1. OPERATIONAL UNITS
1908 - the Philippine constabulary school was transferred to Baguio City. - those that perform primary or line functions
1916 - the Philippine constabulary school was renamed academy for officers of the Philippine constabulary. - examples are patrol, traffic, investigation and vice control,
1917 - on December 17, 1917, Brigadier General Rafael Crame from Rizal Province, became the first Filipino chief of the Philippine2. ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS
constabulary. - those that perform the administrative functions   examples are personnel, finance, planning and   
1926 - the academy for officers of the Philippine constabulary was renamed Philippine Constabulary Academy.   training.
1936 - the Philippine Constabulary Academy became the present day Philippine Military Academy.  3. SERVICE UNITS
1938 - The Philippine Constabulary became the existing and organized national police force of the country pursuant to - those that perform auxiliary functions
commonwealth act no. 343 dated June 23, 1938 and EO no. 389 dated December 23, 1950. This decree integrated local police forces - examples are communication, records   management,supplies.
into the Philippines constabulary operational and organizational set up.
1966 - congress enacted RA no. 4864, the police act of 1966. This law also created the Police Commission (POLCOM). ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
1972 - The POLCOM was reorganized as the National Police Commission. - the systematic arrangement of the relationship of   the members, positions,departments and
  functions or work of the organization
1975 - PD 765 was enacted. This law is called the Police Integration Law of  1975. The Integrated National Police was established with
the Philippine Constabulary as nucleus under the Department of national Defense. The NAPOLCOM, originally under the office of -the it is comprised of functions, relationships,responsibilities and authorities of individuals within
President was transferred to the Ministry of National defense.   the organization
1985 - The National Police Commission was returned to the office of the President pursuant to E.O 1040.
1989 - Executive order 379 placed the Integrated national Police directly under the command, supervision and control of the KINDS OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES
President. This order vested the NAPOLCOM with the powers of administrative control and supervision over the Integrated National
Police. 1. LINE
1990 - RA 6975 was passed on December 13, 1990 establishing the Philippine National Police under a reorganized Department of -the the oldest and simplest kind; also called military
Interior and Local Government (DILG). A new National Police Commission was created under the DILG. - defined by its clear chain of command from the highest to the lowest and vice versa
1998 - congress passed into law RA no. 8551 on February 25, 1998, otherwise known as the Philippine National Police reform and- depicts the line functions of the organization
reorganization act of 1998. This act strengthened and expanded NAPOLCOM,s authority over the PNP to include administration of- orders or commands must come from the higher level of authority before it can be carried out
police entrance examination and conduct pre-charge investigation against police anomalies and irregularities and summary dismissal- involves few departments
of erring police members.
2. FUNCTIONAL
FUNCTIONS IN A POLICE ORGANIZATION - structure according to functions and specialized units
- depicts staff functions of the organization
1. PRIMARY OR LINE FUNCTIONS - responsibilities are divided among authorities who  are all accountable to the authority above.

5
3. LINE AND STAFF 5. SPECIALIZATION
- a combination of the line and functional kind - the assignment of particular personnel to particular tasks
- combines the flow of information from the line structure with the staff departments that service,
  advise, and support them SPECIALIZATION OF JOBS (AREAS OF SPECIALIZATION)
- generally more formal in nature and has many departments - the designation of certain activities or tasks as   ones that must be performed in a highly.
  technological,scientific or precise manner
ORGANIZATIONAL PRINCIPLES - areas of police specialization include undercover  works, crime scene operations, legal advising,
  computer work, SWAT operations and others
FOUR PRIMAL CONDITIONS OF AN ORGANIZATION
1. AUTHORITY SPECIALIZATION OF PEOPLE (SPECIALISTS)
- the supreme source of government for any   particular organization - the designation of particular persons as having  expertise in a specific area of work
- the right to exercise, to decide and to command   by virtue of rank and position - signifies the adaptation of an individual to the  requirements through extensive training
2. MUTUAL COOPERATION
- an organization exists because it serves a   purpose. 6. CHAIN OF COMMAND
3. DOCTRINE - the arrangement of officers from top to bottom   on the basis of rank or position and authority.
- provides for the organization’s objectives
- provides the various actions, hence, policies,  procedures, rules and regulations of the org.    are based on the statement of 7. COMMAND RESPONSIBILITY
doctrines - dictates that immediate commanders shall be  responsible for the effective supervision and    
4. DISCIPLINE    control.
- comprising behavioral regulations
BRIEF HISTORY OF THE PHILIPPINE POLICING SYSTEM
ELEMENTS OF POLICE ORGANIZATION
1. UNITY OF COMMAND The institution of police in the Philippines formally started during the Spanish period. The establishment of
- dictates that there should only be ONE MAN commanding the unit to ensure uniformity in the execution of the police force was not entirely intended for crime prevention nor peacekeeping. Rather, it was created as an extension
orders colonial military establishment.

2. SPAN OF CONTROL Ancient Roots

- the maximum number of subordinates that a superior can effectively supervise
The forerunner of the contemporary police system was the practice of barangay chieftains to select 
Factors affecting the span of control: able-bodied young men to protect their barangay during the night and were not required to work
a) Leadership qualities of the supervisors in the fields during daytime.Among the duties of those selected were to protect the properties
b) Nature of the job and work conditions of the people in the barangay and protect their crops and livestock from wild animals.
c) Complexity of task
d) Education and skill of the employees Spanish Period

3. DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY Carabineros de Seguridad Publica – organized in 1712 for the purpose of carrying the regulations
- conferring of an amount of authority by a superior  position to a lower-level position. of the Department of State; this was armed and considered as the mounted police; years after, this kind of police organiz
discharged the duties of a port, harbor and river police.
4. HIERARCHY OF AUTHORITY
- the relationship between superiors and   subordinates Guardrilleros/Cuardillo – this was a body of rural police by the Royal Decree of 18 January 1836, this decree provided tha
- serves as the framework for the flow of authority  downward and obedience upward through the  able-bodied male inhabitants of each province were to be enlisted in this police organization for three years
  department
Guardia Civil – this was created by a Royal Decree issued by the Crown on 12 February 1852
  HIERARCHY - represents the formal relationship among superiors and subordinates in any given to partially relieve the Spanish Peninsular troops of their work in policing towns,it consisted of a body
 organization of Filipino policemen organized originally in each of the provincial capitals of the central provinces
of Luzon under the Alcalde Mayor
6
 RA 6975 – otherwise known as the Department of the Interior andLocal Government Act of 1990, 
American Period enacted on December 13,1990; reorganized the DILG and established the Philippine National Police,
Bureau of Fire Protection, Bureau of Jail Management and Penology and the Philippine Public Safety College.
The Americans established the United States Philippine Commission headed by General Howard Taft as its first governor-general. On
January 9, 1901, the Metropolitan Police Force of Manila was organized pursuant to Act No 70of the Taft Commission. This has RA 8551 – otherwise known as the Philippine National Police Reform and Reorganization Act 
become the basis for the celebration of the anniversary of the Manila’s Finest every January 9th. of 1998, enacted on February 25, 1998; this law amended certain provisions of RA 6975.

ACT NO 175 – entitled “An Act Providing for the Organization and Government of an Insular Constabulary”,enacted on July 18, 1901. RA 9708 - law amending the provisions of RA 6975 and RA 8551 on the minimum educational
qualification for appointment to the PNP and adjusting the promotion system; approved on 12 August 2009.
Henry T. Allen - Captain of the 6th US cavalry, a graduate of West Point class 1882. Father of the Philippine Constabulary.The first- An Act extending for five (5) years the reglementary  period for complying with the minimum educational qualification f
chief of the Philippine Constabulary in 1901. appointment to the PNP and adjusting the promotion system thereof,amending for the purpose pertinent provisions of R
RA 8551 and for other purposes.
ACT NO 183 - created the Manila Police Department, enacted on July 31, 1901.
Administration of Police Organization Review Questions 1
CAPT GEORGE CURRY - the first chief of police
 of the Manila Police Department in 1901. 1.A primary subdivision of a bureau with a department wide 
   responsibility  for providing a specific specialized functions.
Act No 255 – the act that renamed the Insular Constabulary into Philippine Constabulary,      A.Section   
 enacted on October 3, 1901      B.Sector                        
     C.Squad
Executive Order 389 – ordered that the Philippine Constabulary be one of the four services      D.Detail         
of the Armed Forces of the Philippines, enacted on December 23, 1940.                                                                            
2.A subdivision of a squad
Post-American Period      A.Section                          
     B.Unit  
RA 4864 – otherwise known as the Police Professionalization Act of 1966, enacted on September 8, 1966; created the Police      C.Sector                            
Commission (POLCOM) as a supervisory agency to oversee the      D.Detail
                                                                           
training and professionalization of the local police forces under the Office of the President; later POLCOM was renamed into National
Police Commission (NAPOLCOM). 3.A subdivision of a unit.
     A.Section                          
Martial Law Period      B.Unit  
     C.Squad
PD 765 – otherwise known as the Integration Act of 1975,enacted on August 8, 1975;      D.Detail
established the Integrated National Police (INP) composed of the Philippine Constabulary (PC)                                                                           
as the nucleus and the integrated local police forces as components, under the Ministry of National 4.A subdivision of a section.
Defense      A.Precinct                           
- transferred the NAPOLCOM from the Office of the President to the Ministry of National Defense      B.Unit      
     C.Squad  
Post Martial Law Regime      D.Detail
                                                                           
Executive Order No 1012 – transferred to the city and municipal government the operational 5.The primary geographic subdivision of a precinct.
supervision and direction over all INP units assigned within their locality; issued on July 10, 1985      A.Post                                
     B.Sector 
Executive Order No 1040 – transferred the administrative control and supervision of the INP      C. Section
from the Ministry of National Defense to the National Police Commission      D.Unit            
                                                                          
7
6.The primary subdivision of a sector. 7.Beat - the primary subdivision of a sector.
     A.Post                                
     B.Beat     8.Sector - the primary geographic subdivision of a precinct.
     C. Unit
     D.Sector  9.Unit - subdivision of a section.
                                                                           
7.One of several tours of duty. 10.Squad - a subdivision of a unit.
     A.Detail                                
     B.Post     11.Detail - a subdivision of a squad.
     C. Shift
     D.Beat 12.Section - a primary subdivision of a bureau with a department  wide responsibility for providing a specific specialized f
                                                                           
8.Fixed geographic location usually assigned to an individual officer Answers: Administration of Police Organization
     A.Post                                
     B.Beat  1.   A
     C. Shift 2.   D
     D.Section 3.   C
                                                                            4.   B
9.The primary geographic subdivision of the patrol operation bureau. 5.   B
     A. Precinct                              6.   B
     B.Section   7.   C
     C. Sector 8.   A
     D.Unit 9.   B
                                                                            10. D
10.It means planning the work of the department and of the 
     personnel in an orderly manner.
     A.Plan                                    Administration Of Police Organization Review Questions 2
     B.Delegate  
     C. Oversee        1. A nationwide, cooperative statistical effort of  law enforcement  agencies voluntarily reporting data on crimes brought
     D.Organize attention.
                                                                                  A. National Crime Reporting            
Memorize the following:        B. Uniform Crime Reporting 
      C. National Statistic Report
1.Organize - it means planning the work of the department and  of the personnel in an orderly manner.       D. National Police Crime Report
                                                                                              
2.Oversee - It means that the supervisor ensures that the work that has been organized and delegated is satisfactorily 2. It post the location of murder's, rapes, robberies, carnapping and  other major crimes of the locality.
   completed.       A. Crime hot spots                              
      B. Crime incident location 
3.Delegate - It means giving someone else the responsibility and authority to do something.       C. Crime spot map
      D. Crime mapping
4.Precinct - the primary geographic subdivision of the patrol  operation bureau.                                                                                               
3. It post the the motor vehicle and pedestrian accident which  occur in the area.
5.Post - Fixed geographic location usually assigned to an  individual officer.       A. Traffic spot map                 
      B. Traffic crime map    
6.Shift - one of several tours of duty.       C. Traffic statistic report
      D.  Traffic incidence report

8
                                                                                              Remember the ff: Administration of Police Organization
4. Useful to indicate the traffic accidents and crime location.
      A.Traffic map                                         1. Uniform Crime Reporting - A nationwide, cooperative statistical  effort of  law enforcement agencies voluntarily repor
      B. Traffic and crime map crimes brought to  their attention.
      C. Crime map      
      D. Spot map 2. Crime spot map -  It post the location of murder's, rapes, robberies, carnapping and other major crimes of the locality.
                                                                                              
5. Each time any file is issued, a record should be made on a color   charge-out which is often called a “Substitution Card” or an 3. Traffic spot map -  It post the the motor vehicle and pedestrian  accident which occur in the area.
Card” which takes the place of a file that has been  removed from the cabinet.
      A. Borrower's card                               4. Spot map - Useful to indicate the traffic accidents and crime  location.
      B. Document card
      C. Borrower's slip 5. Charged out card - Each time any file is issued, a record should  be made on a color  charge-out which is often called a 
      D. Charged out card Card or an Out Card which takes the place of a file that has been removed from the cabinet.
                                                                                             
6. A file showing the history of each police officer, both prior and  subsequent to joining the force, is indispensable.  6. Personal records -  A file showing the history of each police officer, both prior and subsequent to joining the force, is in
      A. Personal records                             
      B.  Policy,order,memoranda file  7. Correspondence file - This consist of set or records of   communications classified, arranged and filed alphabetically by
      C. Assignment record  which they pertain.
      D. Correspondence file
                                                                                                8. Modus operandi file - This consist of photographic records of  known criminals and describe the procedure how crimin
7. This consist of set or records of communications classified,  arranged   and filed alphabetically by the subject to which they commit crime.
      A. Personal record                               
      B. Policy,order,memoranda file   9. Cross reference - A notation put into a file to indicate that a  record is not stored in that file but in some
      C. Assignment record other location specified therein. It tells the filer or searcher where to find the needed  material.
      D. Correspondence file
                                                                                                          10.Coding - Making an identifying mark on the item to be stored to indicate what classifications it is to be filed .
8. This consist of photographic records of known criminals and describe the procedure how criminals commit crime.        
      A. Modus operandi file                  11. The accredited professional organization for criminologists in the Philippines is the PCAP - Professional Criminologist
      B. Operation file     the Philippines.
      C. Method of operation file     
      D. Criminal file 12.The Professional Criminologists Association of the Philippines (PCAP) was accredited by PRC on March 25, 1990 as
                                                                                               the professional organization for criminologists in the country.
9. A notation put into a file to indicate that a record is not stored in that file but in some other location specified therein. It tells the
     filer
or searcher where to find the needed material. 13. The Board of Examiners for Criminology was created on July 1, 1972, pursuant to Republic Act No. 6506 entitled “An
      A. Reference                                       Creating the Board of Examiners for Criminologists in the Philippines and For  Other Purposes.”
      B. Cross reference  
      C. File notation 14. The first Board, constituted in 1987, was composed of 
      D. Cross location       1. Dr. Sixto O. de Leon as Chairman  
                                                                                             2. Atty. Virgilio B. Andres as member
10.Making an identifying mark on the item to be stored to indicate  what classifications it is to be filed .       3. Jaime S. Navarro as member
      A. Identifying                                     
      B. Classifying    15.Republic Act No. 6506 - An Act Creating the Board of Examiners  for Criminologists in the Philippines and for Other Pu
      C. Coding   
      D. Differentiating 16. Lourdes W. Aniceto - the present chairman of the board of criminology.
                                                                                              

9
 17. Ernesto V. Cabrera - the present member of the board of  criminology. 
6. Under this theory of police service, policemen are considered servants of the higher authority and people have little sh
1.   B there duties nor any direct connection with them.
2.   C      A. Continental Theory
3.   A      B. Home Rule Theory
4.   D      C. Modern Rule Theory
5.   D      D. None of the Above
6.   A
7.   D 7. This concept of police service says that punishment is the sole instrument of crime control, throwing more people to ja
8.   A them out of jail.
9.   B      A. Old Concept
10.  C      B. Modern Concept
     C. Community Concept
     D. None of the Above
Administration of police organization review questions 3
8. This concept of police service says that the yardstick of   efficiency of police is the absence of crime.
     A. Old Concept
1. There are how many staff directorate in the Philippine National Police?      B. Modern Concept
     A. 8      C. Community Concept
     B. 10      D. None of the Above
     C. 12
     D. 14 9. This type of organizational structure divides authority between several specialist.
     A. Line Organization
2. The second highest ranking officer in the PNP.      B. Functional Organization
     A. Deputy Director General for Operation      C. Line Staff Organization
     B. Chief of the Directorial Staff      D. None of the Above
     C. NCR Director
     D. None of the Above 10.It is the simplest type of organizational structure,Channels of  authority and responsibility extends in a direct line from
the structure.
3. What is the rank of the PNP Chief of the Directorial Staff?      A. Line Organization
     A. 3 Star General      B. Functional Organization
     B. 2 Star General      C. Line staff Organization
     C. 1 Star General      D. None of the Above
     D. None of the Above   
Answer:
4. This theory of Police service is followed by the PNP.
     A. Continental Theory 1.   B
     B. Home Rule Theory 2.   D
     C. Modern Rule Theory 3.   A
     D. None of the Above 4.   B
5.   B
5. Under this theory of police service, policemen are considered servants of the community. 6.   A
     A. Continental Theory 7.   A
     B. Home Rule Theory 8.   B
     C. Modern Rule Theory 9.   B
     D. None of the Above
10
 10. A      B. Span of control
     C. Delegation of authority
     D. Principle of balance
Administration of Police Organization Reviewer 4
8. Refers to the division of work according to type, place, time  and specialization.
     A. Functional Principle
1. This type of organizational structure is found in almost  all police organization today.      B. Line and Staff principle
     A. Line Organization      C. Principle of balance 
     B. Functional Organization      D. Principle of delegation result
     C. Line Staff Organization
     D. None of the Above 9. To ensure the effectiveness of the structure in meeting  the organization's objective.
     A. Functional Principle
2. An organization is effective if it enables the individual to contribute to the organizations objective.      B. Line and Staff principle
     A. Principle of Unity of Objective      C. Principle of balance 
     B. Principle of Organizational efficiency      D. Principle of delegation result expected
     C. Scalar Principle
     D. Unity of Command 10.That which implies the system of varied functions, arrange into a workable pattern.
     A. Functional Principle
3. Organization is effective if it is structured in such a way  to aid the accomplishment of the organization's objective      B. Line and Staff principle
   with a minimum cost.      C. Principle of balance 
     A. Principle of Unity of Objective      D. Principle of delegation result expected
     B. Principle of Organizational efficiency
     C. Scalar Principle Answer:
     D. Unity of Command
1.   C
4. The vertical heirarchy of an organization which defines an unbroken chain of units from top to bottom describing explicitly the 2.
flow
  Aof
authority. 3.   B
     A. Principle of Unity of Objective 4.   C
     B. Principle of Organizational efficiency 5.   A
     C. Scalar Principle 6.   B
     D. Unity of Command 7.   C
8.   A
5. A subordinate should only follow the command of one superior. 9.   C
     A. Unity of command 10. B
     B. Span of control
     C. Delegation of authority
     D. Principle of balance Administration of Police Organization Review Questions 5

6. The control of superior should not be more than what he  can effectively direct.

     A. Unity of command 1. The authority delegated should be adequate to ensure the ability to accomplish expected result.
     B. Span of control      A. Functional Principle
     C. Delegation of authority      B. Line and Staff principle
     D. Principle of balance      C. Principle of balance 
     D. Principle of delegation result expected
7. The assignment of authority and responsibility to another person.
     A. Unity of command 2. The responsibility of the subordinates to their superior  for performance is absolute and superior can not escape  respo

11
the organization on activities  performed by their subordinates.      C. A and B
     A. Principle of Absolute Responsibility      D. None of the Above
     B. Principle of balance
     C. Principle of Parity and Responsibility 10.Extended to PNP members who acted conspicuously beyond and above the call of duty.
     D. Principle of delegation      A. Regular Promotion
     B. Special Promotion
3. The responsibility for actions can not be greater than that implied by the authority delegated nor should it be less.      C. A and B
     A. Principle of Absolute Responsibility      D. None of the Above
     B. Principle of balance    
     C. Principle of Parity and Responsibility Answer:
     D. Principle of delegation
1.   D
4. This law organized the Manila Police department. 2.   A
     A. Act 183 3.   C  
     B. R.A. 8551 4.   A
     C. E.O. 1012 5.   C
     D. E.O. 1040 6.   D
7.   A
5. Transferred the operational supervision and direction  over all INP units to the city and municipal government. 8.   B
     A. Act 183 9.   A
     B. R.A. 8551 10. B
     C. E.O. 1012
     D. E.O. 1040 Administration of Police Organization Review Questions 6

6. Transferred the administrative control and supervision of  the INP from Ministry of National Defense to the office  of the Napolcom.
     A. Act 183 1. A PNP officer before eligible for promotion to the rank of Senior Superintendent must first obtained 
     B. R.A. 8551    what mandatory training requirement?
     C. E.O. 1012      A. General Staff Course
     D. E.O. 1040      B. Officer Senior Executive Course
     C. Officer Advance Course
7. The Transfer of the administrative control and supervision of  the INP from Ministry of National Defense to the office of the      D. Officer Basic Course
Napolcom took effect on.
     A. July 10, 1985 2. A PNP officer before eligible for promotion to the rank of Superintendent must first secure what
     B. July 10, 1986    mandatory training requirement?
     C. July 10, 1987      A. General Staff Course
     D. July 10, 1988      B. Officer Senior Executive Course
     C. Officer Advance Course
8. The Manila Police Department was organized on.      D. Officer Basic Course
     A. July 31, 1900
     B. July 31, 1901 3. A PNP officer before eligible for promotion to the rank of Chief Inspector must first secure what 
     C. July 31, 1902    mandatory training requirement.
     D. July 31, 1903      A. General Staff Course
     B. Officer Senior Executive Course
9. Granted to those who possesses the mandatory promotional requirement.      C. Officer Advance Course
     A. Regular Promotion      D. Officer Basic Course
     B. Special Promotion
12
4. A PNP officer before eligible for promotion to the  rank of Senior Inspector must first secure what Answer:
   mandatory training requirement.
     A. General Staff Course 1.   A
     B. Officer Senior Executive Course 2.   B
     C. Officer Advance Course 3.   C
     D. Officer Basic Course 4.   D
5.   C
5. Before an officer is appointed to the rank of PNP  Inspector, He/She must finish what mandatory training  6.   A
   requirement? 7.   C
     A. General Staff Course 8.   D
     B. Officer Senior Executive Course 9.   B
     C. Officer Candidate Course 10. B
     D. Officer Basic Course
Note:
6. Before a PNP enlisted personnel is appointed to the  rank of SPO3 to SPO4, what mandatory training requirement  must he/sheMandatory Promotional Requirement
undertake? 1. Educational Attainment
     A. Senior Leadership Course 2. Time in Grade
     B. Basic Leadership Course 3. Eligibility
     C. Public Safety Basic Course 4. Mandatory Training Requirement
     D. None of the Above 5. Performance Evaluation Rating
6. Awards and Commendations Received
7. Before a PNP enlisted personnel is appointed to the   rank of PO2 to PO3, what mandatory training requirement   must he/she 7. Clearances
undertakes?
     A. Senior Leadership Course Mandatory Training Requirement
     B. Basic Leadership Course 1. Senior Superintendent - GSC (General Staff Course, MNSA, 
     C. Public Safety Basic Course    or MPSA (Master in Public Safety Administration)
     D. None of the Above 2. Superintendent - OSEC (Officer Senior Executive Course)
3. Chief Inspector - Officer Advance Course
8. Highest award in the PNP. 4. Senior Inspector - Officer Basic Course
     A. Medalya ng Kasanayan 5. Inspector - Officer Candidate Course
     B. Medalya ng Kabayanihan 6. SPO3 to SPO4 - Senior Leadership Course
     C. Medalya ng Katapangan 7. SPO1 to SPO2 - Basic leadership Course
     D. Medalya ng Kagitingan 8. PO2  to  PO3 - Public safety Basic Course

9. PNP's mandatory retirement age. Performance Evaluation Rating - made by supervisor twice

     A. 55 a year. January to June, July to December
     B. 56 5 - Outstanding
     C. 60 4 - Very Satisfactory
     D. 65 3 - Satisfactory
2 - Fair
10. Optional retirement requires the approval of the 1 - Poor 
     A. DILG Secretary
     B. Napolcom Administration of Police Organization Definition of Terms
     C. Chief of the PNP
     D. President of the Philippines
Area - a section or territorial division of a large city each composed of designated districts.
13
Beat - an area designated for patrol purposes whether on foot or motorized.
Bureau - largest organic unit within a large department.
Commanding Officer- an officer who is in command of the department, a bureau, a division, an area, or a district.
Police - is a branch of the criminal justice system that has the specific responsibility of maintaining law and order and com
within the society.
Police organization - is a group of trained personnel in the field ofpublic safety administration engaged in the achievemen
objectives that promotes the maintenance of crimes.

Department Rules - rules established by department directors\superiors to control the conduct of the members of the police force. Post - a fixed point or location to which an officer is assigned for duty, such as a designated desk or office or an intersecti
walk from traffic duty.It is a spot location for general guard duty.
District - a geographical subdivision of a city for patrol purposes usually with its own station.
Ranking Officer- the officer who has the senior rank in a team or group.
Division - a primary subdivision of a bureau.
RA 4864 - established Napolcom.Known as police act of 1966.
Duty Manual - describes the procedures and defines the duties ofofficers assigned to specified post or position.
Rafael Crame - first filipini chief of the constabulary.
Formal Organization - is defined as those organizations that areformally established for explicit purpose of achieving certain goals.
Report - usually a written communication unless otherwise specifies to be verbal reports; verbalreports should be confirm
Functional Organization - The functional responsibility of each functional manager is limited to the particular activity over which he written
has communication.
control, regardless of who performs the function.
Route - (line beat) a length of street designated for patrol purposes. 
Henry Allen - a captain, first chief of the constabulary.
Section - functional units within a division.
Informal Organization - are those sharing the basic characteristic of all organizations arise through the social interactions of individuals
or through family grouping. Sector - an area containing two or more beat, route, or post.

Leave of Absence- period, which an officer is excused from active duty by any valid reason, approved by higher authority. Sick leave - period which an officer is excused from active duty by reason of illness or injury.

Length of Service- the period of time that has elapsed since the oath of office was administered.Previous active services may be Special Duty - the police service, its nature, which requires that the officer be excused from the performance of his active
included or added.
Superior Officer- one having supervisory responsibilities, either temporarily or permanently, over officers of lower rank.
Line Organization -  is the simplest and the oldest types of organization where responsibility extends in a direct line from top to bottom
within the structures and authority is definite and absolute. Suspension - a consequence of an act which temporarily deprives an officer from the privilege of performing his duties as
violating directives or other department regulations.
line and staff organization is a combination of the line and functional types.
Sworn Officers - all personnel of the police department who have taken oath and who posses the power to arrest.
Off Duty - the nature of which the police officer is free from specific routine duty.
Unit - functional group within a section; or the smallest functional group within an organization.
On Duty - the period when an officer is actively engaged in the performance of his duty.
Patrol Organization and Operation
Order – an instruction given by a ranking officer to a subordinate.

Organization - It is a form of human association for the attainment of goal or objective. Patrol - from french patrouiller - to paddle, paw about, patrol.
            - keep watch over an area by regularly walking or traveling around or through it.
patrol officer - is the backbone of the police department.             - a person or group of people sent to keep watch over an  area.

PD 765 - created the PC-INP. Patrol officers - are uniformed officers assigned to monitor specific geographical areas, that is to move through their area
14
intervals looking out for any signs of problems of any kind.
 Sheriff - is a contraction of the term "shire-reeve" - designated a royal official responsible for keeping the peace
History of Patrol out  a shire or county on behalf of the king.
 Reeve - a senior official with local responsibilities under the crown. ex., chief magistrate of a town or district.
1. Ancient China - law enforcement was carried out  by prefect. Prefects were government officials appointed by local  Shire - traditional term for a division of land in the UK and Australia.
magistrates who reported to higher authorities such as the governors who in  turn were appointed by head of state usually the  Jury - is a sworn body of people convened to render impartial verdict officially submitted to them by a court or
emperor of the dynasty. penalty or judgement.
    Thief taker - a private individual hired to capture criminal.
2. Ancient Greece - publicly owned slaves were used by magistrates as police.In Athens, a group of 300 Scythian slaves  (rod-bearers)
 Bow street runners - London's first professional police force.
was used to guard public meetings to keep order and for crowd control and also assisted with  dealing with criminal, handling
 Henry Fielding - a magistrate educated at Elton college who founded the Bow street runners originally number
prisoners and making arrests.
 Statute of Winchester - in 1285, obliged the authorities of every town to keep a watch at the city gates and arr
suspicious night walkers.
3. Roman empire - the army rather than a dedicated police organization provided security. Local watchmen were hired by
 Sir Robert Peel - prime minister of England from Dec. 1834 to April 1835 and again From Aug.1841 to June 184
provide some extra security.Magistrates such as  procurators, fiscals and quaestros investigated crime.
home secretary, help create the modern concept of the police force leading to officers being known as bobbies
    Under the reign of Augustus, 14 wards were created, the wards  were protected by seven squads of 1000 men called vigiles
and peelers in Ireland.
who  acted as  firemen and night watchmen. Their duties included apprehending thieves and robbers and capturing run away slaves.
 Patrick Colquhoun - (1745 - 1820) - a Scottish merchant and a magistrate who founded the first regular preven
    The vigiles were supported by the urban cohorts  who acted as a heavy duty riot force and praetorian guard if  necessary.
force in England, the Thames river police.

8. In the US - the first city police services were established in 

  praetorian guard - bodyguards used by roman emperors.     Philadelphia in 1751, Boston 1838 and new york 1845.
 urban cohorts - were created by Augustus to counter balance the enormous power of the praetorian guard in the city of
Rome and serve as the police force.
 August Vollmer - first police chief of Berkeley California. He is sometimes called the father of modern law enfor
 vigiles - (watchmen of the city) - were the firefighters and police of ancient Rome.
the US.
 ward - a subdivision of a municipality.
               1. He was the first chief to require that   police officers attain college degrees.
                  
4. Medieval England - the Anglo-Saxon system of maintaining  public order since the Norman conquest was a private system                2. First police chief to create a motorized force placing officers on   motorcycles and cars so that they could patro
of  tithing, led by a constable to enforce the law. broader areas with greater efficiency .     
              3. He was also the first to use the lie detector in police work.
 tithing - was a grouping of 10 households.
 O.W. Wilson - studied under August Vollmer. Became Chief of Police of the Fullerton police department. He als
 constable - is a person holding a particular office most commonly in law enforcement. The office of constable can vary chief of police of the Wichita police department. He introduced the following reforms and innovations:
significantly in different jurisdiction.
1. requires new policeman to have college education.
5. Spain - modern police in Europe has a precedent in the Hermandus or (brotherhood) - peace keeping association of individuals, a 2. use of police car for patrol, mobile radios and use of a mobile crime laboratory.
characteristic of municipal life in medieval Spain. The first recorded case of the formation of the hermandad occurred when the 3. he believe that the use of a two way radio allowed better supervision of patrol officers.
towns and the peasantry of the north united to police the pilgrim road to Santiago de compostela in galicia and  protect the pilgrims
against robber knights.
What are the 3 main task of supervision?
6. France - The first police force in the modern sense was created by the government of king Louis XIV in 1667 to police the city
1. Organize - means planning the work of the department and of the personnel in an orderly
of Paris, then the largest city in Europe.
    manner.
    
2. Delegate - means giving someone else the responsibility and authority to do something. The
7. Britain and Ireland - in England, a system of sheriffs, reeves and investigative   juries to provide basic security and
    supervisor confers upon a subordinate officer the  same authority and responsibility that the 
law enforcement.
    supervisor possesses to accomplish the specific task  The supervisor remain responsible for the 
    completion of the delegated task.
3. Oversee - means that the supervisor ensures that   the work that has been organized and delegated is
15
    satisfactorily completed. outer garments to determine if the person is carrying a concealed weapon. Also called Inquiry of Pat Down.

 Community policing - is the process by which an organized group of citizens devoted a time to crime prevention within a Foot Patrol - police patrol that takes officer out of cars and puts them in walking beat to strengthen ties with the commu
neighborhood. When suspecting criminal activities, members are encourage to contact the authorities and not to intervene.
Excited Delirium - an overdose of adrenaline that can occur in heated confrontation with the police.
Beat patrol - the deployment of officers in a given community, area or locality to prevent and deter criminal activity and to provide
day to day services to the community. * Patrol reduces crime by creating an  impression of  omnipresence.

Sting Operations - organized groups of detectives who deceived criminals into openly committing illegal acts of conspiring to engage Responding to Crime - total response time is comprised of four dimensions.
in criminal activity. 1. Discovery Time - interval between the commission  of the crime and its discovery.
2. Reporting Time - interval between the discovery  of the crime and when it is reported to the police.
Hotspots of Crime - the view that a significant portion of all police calls in cities typically radiate from a relatively few locations. 3. Processing Time - interval between receiving the call and dispatching the  officers for service.
4. Travel time - the amount of time it takes for the police to travel to the scene of the crime.
Models of Policing 
1. Neighborhood Oriented Policing - a philosophy of  police suggesting that problem solving is best done The Phantom Effect - "residual deterrence" most people believe that the police is present even when the are not in sight
    at the neighborhood level, where issues originate  not at a far-off central headquarters.
2. Pro Active Policing - aggressive law enforcement  style in which patrol officers take the initiative Sworn Date - the date that  a sworn employee took the oath of office for their position.
    against crime instead of waiting for criminal acts to   occur.
3. Problem Oriented Policing - a style of police  management that stresses pro active problem Advantages of Foot/Bicycle Patrol
    solving instead of reactive crime fighting. 1. Increased personal contact between the police and  citizen.
4.Community Oriented Policing - programs designed   to bring the police and the public closer together  2. Increased observation ability.
    and create more cooperative working environment  between them. 3. Increased ability to gather information
5. Reactive Policing - the opposite of Pro Active  policing where the police wait for crime to occur. 4. Economical

Blue Curtain - describes the secrecy and insulation from others in society that is a consequence of the police subculture. Advantages of Motorized Patrol
1. Increased speed and mobility
Cynicism - the belief that most peoples actions are motivated solely by personal needs and selfishness. 2. Increased conspicuousness
3. Availability of additional equipment
Civilian Review Board - ex. PLEB - organized citizen groups that examine police misconduct. 4. Increased transportation capability
5. Deceased response time
Watchman - style of policing characterized by an emphasis on maintaining public order. 6. Communications

Fleeing Felon Rule - the oldest standard relating to the use of deadly force. Basic Preventive Patrol Methods Utilized by an Officer
1. Frequent check and contact with business premises
Beats - designated police patrol areas. 2. Frequent check of suspicious persons
3. Fluctuating patrol patterns
Internal Affairs - unit that investigates allegations of police misconduct. 4. Maintenance of visibility and personal contact
5. Daily individual patrol and community action plan
Deadly Force - police killing of a suspect who resists arrest or presents a danger to an officer or the community. 
Factors to be Considered in Becoming Familiar with the Community
Booking - the administrative record of an arrest listing the offenders name, address, physical description, date of birth, time of arrest,
1. General population information
offense and name of arresting officer. It also include photographing and fingerprinting of the offender. 2. Appropriate geographical information
3. Recent criminal activity
Line Up - placing a suspect in a group for the purpose of being viewed and identified by a witness. 4. Specific factors that may influence patrol functions ex. location of hospitals, high crime areas,
    community habits.
Stop and Frisk - the situation in which police officers who are suspicious of an individual run their hands lightly over the suspects
16
 How to Prepare for a Normal Patrol Shift         B. August Vollmer
1. Gathering information through crime reports and  briefings         C. Edgar Hoover
2. Gathering needed materials ex. report forms,  citation books         D. Henry Armstrong
3. Obtaining and checking equipment
4. Planning work around identified priorities 3. In the principles of law enforcement enunciated by Sir Robert Peel, 
5. Preparing daily patrol and community action plan     the basic mission of the police is
        A. Prevention of crime
What an Officer on Night time Patrol  Should be Looking for         B. Enforcement of the law
1. broken glasses         C. Maintenance of peace and order
2. open doors and windows         D. None of the above
3. pry marks
4. suspicious vehicles 4. One of the feature of this act is that no freeman shall be taken 
5. persons on foot     or imprisoned except by the judgment of his peer
6. differences in normal lighting (on or Off)         A. Magna Carta
7. unusual sounds         B. Statute of 1295
8. access to roof tops or upper floors         C. Legies Henry
        D. None of the above
Definition of Terms
1. Section - a primary subdivision of a bureau with a department wide responsibility for providing  a 5. The closing of gates of London during sun down. This mark 
    specific specialized functions.     the beginning of the curfew hours
2. Unit - a subdivision of a section usually small in  size with personnel assigned to perform a          A. Statute of 1295
    specialized activity, one or two employees performing assigned  work.         B. Statute of 1775
3. Squad - a subdivision of a unit.         C. Statute of 1827
4. Detail - a subdivision of a squad.         D. Statute of 1834
5. Precinct -the primary geographic subdivision of  the patrol operation bureau.
6. Sector - the primary geographic subdivision  of a   precinct, supervised by a sergeant. 6. A Position having power to arrest, punish, and imposes imprisonment.
7. Beat - the primary subdivision of a sector.         A. Justice of the Peace
8. Watch/Shift - one of several tours of duty.         B. Sheriff
9. Post - a fixed geographic location usually assigned  to an individual officer.         C. Star Chamber Court
10.Task Force - an adhoc work group normally  established by bureau commander to respond to a          D. traveling Judge
     specific incident or series of related incidents. Task    Force assignment is temporary.
11.Chief of Police - overall commander of the  department. 7. A Special Court that tried cases against the state.
12.Chain of Command - a fundamental component  of proper supervision.The chain of command         A. Shire-Reeve
      requires that each employee reports and is   accountable to   only one direct supervisor.         B. Star Chamber Court
        C. Magna Carta
        D. Legies Henry
Patrol Organization and Operation Reviewer 1
1. Sir Robert Peel introduced the Metropolitan Police Act and passed 8. He is held responsible in passing judgment that  was taken from the 
    by the parliament of England on                     shire-reeve in view of some abuses.
A. 1828         A. Legies Henry
B. 1829         B. star Chamber Court
C. 1830         C. Justice of the Peace
D. 1831         D. Traveling Judge

2. Considered as the father of modern policing system. 9. An Act enacted in England with the following features: 
        A. Sir Robert Peel     a. Policeman became public servant  
17
     b. The Police has a broad power of arrest        D. Foot Patrol
    c. Grand Jury was created to inquire on the violations of the law.
        A. Statute of 1295 3. Backbone of the police service in the community.
        B. Star Chamber Court      A. Police Intelligence
        C. Legies Henry      B. Police Investigation
        D. Magna Carta      C. Police Patrol
     D. None of the above
10. Shire means
        A. Ruler 4. One of the following types of police patrol is currently
        B. District    not used in the Philippines.
        C. Police      A. Mobile Patrol
        D. Judge      B. Foot Patrol
     C. Animal Patrol
11. Reeve means      D. Aircraft Patrol
        A. Ruler
        B. District 5. It is the largest segment of a police station.
        C. Police      A. Police Patrol
        D. Judge      B. Police Investigation
Answer:      C. Police Intelligence
1.     B      D. None of the Above
2.     A
3.     A 6. From the time of the receipt of the call by the police
4.     A    dispatcher to the arrival of the mobile patrol at the scene.
5.     A      A. Response Time
6.     A      B. Preparation Time
7.     B      C. Speed Time
8.     D      D. None of the Above
9.     C
10.   B 7. Which of the following kind of patrol is most effective in 
11.   A    parade and crowd control.
     A. Foot Patrol
Patrol Organization and Operation Reviewer 2      B. Horse Patrol
     C. Mobile Patrol
     D. Aircraft Patrol
1. A round line or district area regularly traversed by foot
   police patrol. 8. One of the advantage of this kind of patrol is stealth
     A. Bureau    silence for movement.
     B. Division      A. Foot Patrol
     C. Section      B. Bicycle Patrol
     D. Beat      C. Mobile Patrol
     D. Horse Patrol
2. One of the advantage of this patrol is that the patrolman
   knows the area and people in his beat. 9. An electronic equipment that has helped the police in its
     A. Bicycle Patrol    record, storage, and location system.
     B. Horse Patrol      A. Walkie Talkie
     C. Motorized Patrol      B. Vault
18
      C. File Room      C. Henry Fielding
     D. Computer      D. None of the Above

10. One electronic gadget or equipment that has assisted  5. Required all men in a given town to serve on the night watch.
    immediately the police investigation and interrogation      A. Hue and Cry
    in his work.      B. Shires
     A. Walkie Talkie      C. Parish constable
     B. Tape Recorder      D. Watch and Ward
     C. Computer
     D. None of the Above 6. Ten tithings or 100 families under the charge of a constable.
          A. Shire
Answer:      B. Parish Constable
1.   D      C. Beadies
2.   D      D. Hundred
3.   C
4.   D 7. Groups of hundreds within a specific geographic area.They were put under  the control of the King and were governed
5.   A reeve or sheriff.
6.   A      A. Shires
7.   B      B. Parish Constable
8.   B      C. Beadies
9.   D      D. Tithings
10. B
8. Ten families who grouped together to protect one another and to assume  responsibility for the acts of the group mem
Patrol Organization Reviewer 3      A. Hundred
1. Backbone of the police department.      B. Shires
     A. Intelligence      C. Tithings
     B. Patrol      D. Beadies
     C. Investigation
     D. Vice Control 9. Enacted in 1285 in England, it established a rudimentary criminal justice  system in which most of the responsibility for
enforcement remained  with the people themselves.
2. Established the fist English police  department, the London  metropolitan police in 1829.      A. The Hue and Cry
     A. O.W Wilson      B. shire-reeve
     B. Sir Robert Peel      C. Statute of Winchester
     C. Henry Fielding      D. Magna carta
     D. None of the Above
10.He was responsible for organizing and supervising the watch
3. He laid the foundation for the first modern police force. he was  appointed  magistrate in Westminster in 1748.      A. Shire-reeve
     A. Henry Fielding      B. Shire
     B. Sir Robert Peel      C. Magistrate
     C. O.W. Wilson      D. Parish Constable
     D. None of the Above   
Answer:
4. A Chicago Police department superintendent, he introduced a one man  mobile patrol except in ghetto and crime ridden section of
the city.  The rationale is that help is a microphone away. 1. B
     A. O.W. Wilson 2. B
     B. Sir Robert Peel 3. A
19
 4. A      C. Watchmen
5. D      D. Parish Constable
6. D
7. A 7. Suspects were required to place their hands in boiling water. When not  hurt, he will be acquitted, if not he is guilty of
8. C      A. Hue and Cry
9. C      B. Shire
10.D      C. Trial by Ordeal
     D. None of the Above
Patrol Organization and Operation Reviewer 4
8. An Anglo-saxon period of policing system where the residents themselves   were required to preserve the peace and o
protect life and  properties of the people.
1. He assisted the justices of the peace by presiding the courts, ordering arrest, calling witnesses and examining prisoners      A. Hue and Cry
     A. Parish Constable      B. Royal Judge
     B. Sheriff      C. Trial by ordeal
     C. Magistrates      D. Tun policing system
     D. Shire
9. The cooperative human effort to achieve the purpose of criminal justice  system.
2. This office was created to assist the shire-reeve in non urban areas      A. Civil Administration
     A. Justice of the Peace      B. Police Administration
     B. Parish Constable      C. Patrol Administration
     C. Magistrates      D. None of the above
     D. Watchmen
10.This law established the Napolcom under the office of the President. It is also known as the Police Act of 1966.
3. This office was created to assist the shire-reeve in urban areas.      A. R.A. 6975
     A. Justice of the Peace      B. C.A. 181
     B. Parish Constable      C. R.A. 4864
     C. Magistrates      D. R.A. 4668
     D. Watchmen
Answer:
4. Patrolling the streets from dusk till dawn to insure that all local  people were indoors and quite and to insure that no strangers were
    roaming around. 1.   C
     A. Justice of the peace 2.   A
     B. Parish Constable 3.   B
     C. Magistrates 4.   D
     D. Watchmen 5.   D
6.   A
5. A system of apprehending criminals whereby a complainant goes in the middle of the street and shout at the top of his voice calling7.   C
all males  to assemble and indicates the whereabouts of the culprit. 8.   D
     A. Royal Judge 9.   B
     B. Magistrates 10. C
     C. Watchmen
     D. Hue and Cry Patrol Organization and Operation Reviewer  5

6. He conducts Criminal investigation and give punishment. 1. An area containing two or more beat, route, or post.
     A. Royal Judge      A. Sector
     B. Magistrate      B. District

20
     C. Area      D. August 1, 1902
     D. None of the Above
9. The First Chief of the PC (Philippine Constabulary).
2. A geographical subdivision of a city for patrol purposes usually      A. Ronald John Hay
    with its own station.      B. Henry Allen
     A. Sector      C. George Cury
     B. District      D. John Burnham
     C. Area
     D. None of the Above 10. The First chief of police of Manila.
     A. Henry Allen
3. A section or territorial division of a large city each composed of       B. George Cury
    designated districts.      C. Howard Taft
     A. Sector      D. Tomas Clark
     B. District    
     C. Area Answer:
     D. None of the Above
1.   A
2.   B
4. All personnel of the police department who have taken oath. 3.   C
     A. Duty officer 4.   C
     B. Subordinate officer 5.   A
     C. Sworn officer 6.   A
     D. Commanding officer 7.   A
8.   C
5. Describes the procedure that defines the duties of officers assigned  to specific post or position. 9.   B
     A. Duty Manual 10. B
     B. Mission Order
     C. Special Order Police Operational Planning
     D. Office Manual
Police Operational Planning - the act of determining policies and guidelines for police activities and operations and provi
6. The Japanese Military Police. controls and safeguards for such activities and operations in the department. Involvesstrategies or tactics, procedures, po
     A. Kempetai guidelines.
     B. Sepuko
     C. Arigato Operational Planning - the use of rational design or patten for all departmental undertakings rather than relying on chan
     D. Kimchi operational environment. The preparation and development of procedures and techniques in accomplishing each of the
tasks and functions of an organization.
7. The Manila Police Department was formally organized on this date.
     A. July 31, 1901 Police Planning - an attempt by police administrators in trying to allocate anticipated resources to meet anticipated servi
     B. July 31. 1902 The systematic and orderly determination of facts and events as basis for policyformulation and decision making affectin
     C. August 1, 1901 enforcement management.
     D. August 1, 1902
Planning - the determination in advance of how the objectives of the organization will be attained; involves the determin
8. The PC (Philippine Constabulary) was organized as the first insular  police force on this date. course of action to take in performing a particular function or activity. The process of developing methods or procedures
     A. July 31, 1901 arrangement of parts intended to facilitate the accomplishment of a definite objective. The process of deciding in advanc
     B. July 31, 1902 be done and how it is to be done.
     C. August 1, 1901
21
Plan - an organized schedule or sequence by methodical activities intended to attain a goal or objectives for the accomplishment       needed for implementation.
mission or assignment. A method or way of doing something in order to attain objectives and provides answers to the 5Ws and 1H.
Types of Plan
Strategy - a broad design or method or a plan to attain a stated goal or objective.   1. Procedural/Policy Plan
  2. Operational Plan
Tactics - are specific design, method or a course of action to attain a particular objective in consonance with strategy.   3. Tactical Plan
  4. Administrative/Management Plan
Procedures - are sequences of activities to reach a point or to attain what is desired.   5. Extra-Departmental Plan

Policy - a course of action which could be a program of Police Operational Planning Reviewer 1
actions adopted  by an individual, group, organization or government or the set of principles on which they are based.

1. The determination in advance of how the objectives of the organization will be attained.

     A. Planning
 case operational plan (COPLAN) - a definite target - specific activity conducted in relation to an intelligence project under
which it is affected. Several case operations may fall under one intelligence project.- refers to a preparatory plan on how   to
 B. Organizing
carry out a case operation which is the last resort to pursue intelligence objectives when normal police operations fail.  C. Directing
   
     D. Controlling

 command post/holding area - area where case conferences, briefings and debriefings are being conducted by the 2. involves the determination and allocation of the men and women as well as the resource of an organization to achieve
responding agencies. determined goals or objectives of the organization.
 dragnet operation - is a police operation purposely to seal off the probable exit points of fleeing suspect from the      A. Planning
scene to prevent their escape.      B. Organizing
     C. Directing
Management or Administrative Functions      D. Controlling
  1. Planning
  2. Organizing 3. It involves the overseeing and supervising of the human resources and the various activities in an organization  to achie
  3. Directing cooperative efforts the pre-determined goals or objectives of the organization.
  4. Controlling      A. Planning
  5. Staffing      B. Organizing
  6. Reporting      C. Directing
  7. Budgeting      D. Controlling

Guidelines in Planning 4. It involves the checking or evaluation and measurement of  work performance and comparing it with planned goals or
  1. What - mission/objective of the organization, and making the necessary corrective actions so that work is accomplished as planned.
  2. Why  - reason/philosophy      A. Planning
  3. When - date/time      B. Organizing
  4. where - place      C. Directing
  5. How  - strategy/methods      D. Controlling

Characteristics of a Good Plan 5. The task of providing competent men to do the job and choosing the right men for the right job-involves
  1. A Plan must have a clearly defined objective good selection and processing of reliable and well-trained personnel.
  2. A Plan must be simple, direct and clear      A. Staffing
  3. A Plan must be flexible      B. Reporting
  4. A Plan must be attainable      C. Budgeting
  5. A Plan must provide standards of operation      D. Controlling
  6. A Plan must be economical in terms of resources
22
6. The making of detailed account of activities, work progress, investigations and unusual in order to keepevery one informed Police Operational Planning Reviewer 2
is going on. 1. A general statement of intention and typically with  a time horizon.
     A. Staffing      A. Goal
     B. Reporting      B. Objective
     C. Budgeting      C. Plan
     D. Controlling      D. Strategy

7. The forecasting in detail of the results of an officially recognized program of operations based onthe highest reasonable 2. Specific  commitment to achieve a measurable result  within a specific period of time.
expectations of operatingefficiency.      A. Goal
     A. Staffing      B. Objective
     B. Reporting      C. Plan
     C. Budgeting      D. Strategy
     D. Controlling

8. This is intended to be used in all situations of all kinds, which shall be outlined to guide officers and men in the field. 3. An organize schedule or sequence by methodical activities intended to attain a goal and objectives for the 
     A. Field Procedure    accomplishment of mission or assignment.
     B. Headquarter's Procedure      A. Goal
     C. Special Operating Procedure      B. Objective
     D. None of the Above      C. Plan
     D. Strategy
9. To be included in these procedures are the duties of the dispatcher, jailer, matron, and other personnel concerned, which may be
reflected in the duty manual. It also involves coordinated action on activity of several offices. 4. Is an attempt by administration to allocate anticipated resources  to meet anticipated service demands.
     A. Field Procedure      A. Police Planning
     B. Headquarter's Procedure      B. Planning
     C. Special Operating Procedure      C. Strategy
     D. None of the Above      D. Plan

10.Certain special operations also necessitate the preparation of procedures as guides.  5. A process of preparing for change and copping uncertainty  formulating future causes of action, the process of  determ
     A. Field Procedure problem of the organization coming up with  proposed resolution and finding best solution. 
     B. Headquarter's Procedure      A. Police Planning
     C. Special Operating Procedure      B. Planning
     D. None of the Above      C. Strategy
          D. Plan
Answer:
6. It is a broad design, method, a plan to attain a stated  goal or objective.
1.   A      A. Police Planning
2.   B      B. Planning
3.   C      C. Strategy
4.   D      D. Plan
5.   A
6.   B 7. It is a specific design, method, or course of action to  attain a particular objective in accordance with strategy.
7.   C      A. Tactic
8.   A      B. Procedure
9.   B      C. Policy
10. C      D. Guidelines

23
 8. A sequence of activities to reach a point or to attain that which is desired.
     A. Tactic 3. It relates to plans which are strategic or long range in application, it determine the organizations original 
     B. Procedure    goals and strategy.
     C. Policy      A. Strategic plan
     D. Guidelines      B. Intermediate plan
     C. Operational plan
9. A product of prudence or wisdom in the management of human affairs.      D. None of the Above
     A. Tactic
     B. Procedure 4. It relates to plans which determine quantity and quality efforts and accomplishment. It refers to the process of determ
     C. Policy contribution on efforts that can make or provide with allocated resources.
     D. Guidelines      A. Strategic plan
     B. Intermediate plan
10.A rule of action for the rank and file to show them  and they are expected to obtain the desired effect.      C. Operational plan
     A. Tactic      D. None of the Above
     B. Procedure
     C. Policy 5. It refers to the production of plans which determines the schedule of special activity and are applicable from one week
     D. Guidelines a year duration.
         A. Strategic plan
Answer:       B. Intermediate plan
     C. Operational plan
1.   A      D. None of the Above
2.   B
3.   C 6. It is the basic principle in planning, organizing, and  management of the PNP in support of the overall pursuit  of the PN
4.   A mission, and strategic action plan of  the national objective.
5.   B      A. Fundamental Doctrine
6.   C      B. Operational Doctrine
7.   A      C. Functional Doctrine
8.   B      D. None of the Above
9.   C
10. D 7. The principles and rules governing the planning, organization,  direction, and employment of the PNP forces in the acco
of basic mission of maintenance of peace and order, crime prevention  and suppression and security and public safety op
Police Operational Planning Reviewer 3      A. Fundamental Doctrine
     B. Operational Doctrine
     C. Functional Doctrine
1. Set of procedure to meet varying degree of emergency  while at the same time providing continuing police coverage  of areas not
     D. None of the Above
affected by the emergency.
     A. General Emergency Plan 8. This provides guidance for special activities of the PNP in the   broad field of interest such as personnel, intelligence, op
     B. Specific Emergency Plan logistics, planning.
     C. Policy      A. Fundamental Doctrine
     D. Guidelines      B. Operational Doctrine
     C. Functional Doctrine
2. A sub-type of plan to meet unusual needs which is similar to general emergency plan but it is basically to certain specific situation.
     D. None of the Above
     A. General Emergency Plan
     B. Specific Emergency Plan 9. Doctrine formulated jointly by two or more bureau in order  to effect a certain operation with regard to public safety  a
     C. Policy and order.
     D. Guidelines      A. Fundamental Doctrine
24
      B. Operational Doctrine
     C. Complimentary Doctrine 3. The vertical hierarchy of the organization which defines an  unbroken chain of scale of units from top to bottom  descr
     D. Ethical Doctrine explicitly the flow of authority.
     A. Principle of Unity of Objective
10.It defines the fundamental principle governing the rules  of conduct, attitude, behavior and ethical norm of the PNP.      B. Principle of Organizational Efficiency
     A. Fundamental Doctrine      C. The Scalar Principle
     B. Operational Doctrine      D. Functional Principle
     C. Complimentary Doctrine
     D. Ethical Doctrine 4. This implies a system of varied function arranged into a  workable pattern. The line organization refers to the
    direct accomplishment of the objective. The staff refers to the line organization which is an advisory or facilitative capacit
Answer:       A. Principle of Unity of Objective
     B. Principle of Organizational Efficiency
1.   A      C. The Scalar Principle
2.   B      D. Functional Principle
3.   A
4.   B 5. The right to exercise, decide and command by virtue of rank  and position.
5.   C      A. Authority
6.   A      B. Doctrine
7.   B      C. Discipline
8.   C      D. None of the Above
9.   C
10. D 6. It provides for the organizations objectives, it provides the various actions, hence, policies, procedures, rules, and regu
organization are based on the statement of doctrines.
Notes:       A. Authority
     B. Doctrine
1. Index Crimes - crimes against person      C. Discipline
2. Non Index Crimes - crimes against properties      D. None of the Above
3. Characteristics of a good plan - SMART
     a. Simple 7. It is imposed by command or self restraint to insure supportive behavior.
     b. Measurable      A. Authority
     c. Attainable      B. Doctrine
     d. Realistic      C. Discipline
     e. Time Bound      D. None of the Above

Police Operational Planning Reviewer 4 8. Procedures for coping with specific situations and locations.
1. An organization is more effective if it enables the  individual to contribute to the organization.      A. Procedural Plan
     A. Principle of Unity of Objective      B. Tactical Plan
     B. Principle of Organizational Efficiency      C. Operational Plan
     C. The Scalar Principle      D. Extra-Office Plan
     D. Functional Principle
9. Plans for the operation of special divisions like patrol, detective, traffic, vice, and juvenile control division.
2. Organizations structure is effective if it is structured to aid the accomplishment of organizations objective with  minimum cost.      A. Procedural Plan
     A. Principle of Unity of Objective      B. Tactical Plan
     B. Principle of Organizational Efficiency      C. Operational Plan
     C. The Scalar Principle      D. Extra-Office Plan
     D. Functional Principle
25
 10. Standard operating procedures shall be planned to guide members in routine and field operations and in some special operations.
     D. Extra-Office Plan
     A. Procedural Plan
     B. Tactical Plan 3. Plans for the operation of special divisions like patrol, detective, traffic, vice and juvenile control division.
     C. Operational Plan      A. Policy/Procedural Plan
     D. Extra-Office Plan      B. Operational Plan
Answer:      C. Tactical Plan
     D. Extra-Office Plan
1.   A
2.   B 4. The active interest and participation of individual office is so vital to the success of the integrated police programs  tha
3.   C integrated police shall continually seek to  motivate, promote and maintain an active public concern in  its affairs.
4.   D      A. Policy/Procedural Plan
5.   A      B. Operational Plan
6.   B      C. Tactical Plan
7.   C      D. Extra-Office Plan
8.   B
9.   C 5. It shall map out in advance all operations involved in the organizations management of personnel and material and in 
10.  A procurement and disbursement of money.
     A. Policy/Procedural Plan
Notes:      B. Operational Plan
1. Scalar Principle      C. Management Plan
     a. Unity of Command      D. Extra-Office Plan
     b. Span of Control
     c. Delegation of Authority 6. Forecasting future events and determining the most effective  future activities for the company.
     d. Chain of Command      A. Planning
2. Five Approaches in Planning      B. Organizing
     a. Synoptic Planning      C. Commanding
        - feasibility study      D. Coordinating
        - acceptability study
        - cost effective analysis 7. Consist of the ways in which the organizational structure is established and how the authority and responsibility are gi
     b. Must and Wants analysis managers a tasked called delegation.
     c. Incremental Planning      A. Planning
     d. Trans-active Planning      B. Organizing
     e. Advocacy Planning      C. Commanding
     D. Coordinating
Police Operational Planning Reviewer 5
8. Managers must supervise subordinates in their daily work, and  inspire them to achieve company goals. Likewise it is
1. Standard Operating procedures shall be planned to guide members in routine and field operations and in some  special operations.
the responsibility of managers to communicate company goals and policies to subordinates.
     A. Policy/Procedural Plan      A. Planning
     B. Operational Plan      B. Organizing
     C. Tactical Plan      C. Commanding
     D. Extra-Office Plan      D. Coordinating

2. Procedures for coping with specific situations at  known locations. 9. Concerned with activities designed to create a relationship between all the organizations efforts and individual task.
     A. Policy/Procedural Plan      A. Planning
     B. Operational Plan      B. Organizing
     C. Tactical Plan      C. Commanding
26
     D. Coordinating Intelligence and Secret Service

10. It is a manager's duty to observe and report deviations from   plans and objectives, and to make initiatives to correct potential
deviations. Definition of Terms:
     A. Planning
     B. Organizing Intelligence Agency - is a government agency responsible for the collection,analysis or exploitation of information and in
     C. Controlling support of law enforcement,national security,defense and foreignpolicy objectives.
     D. Coordinating
Intelligence Officer - is a person employed by an organization to collect,compile and analyze information which is used to
Answer: organization.

1.   A Counter Intelligence - refers to effort made by intelligence organizations to prevent hostile or enemy intelligence organiz
2.   C successfully gathering and collecting intelligence against them.
3.   B
4.   D Human Intelligence - category of intelligence derived from information collected and provided by human sources.
5.   C
6.   A Dead Drop/Dead Letter Box - is a method of espionage trade craft used to pass items between 2 individuals using a
7.   B secret location and thus not require to meet directly.
8.   C
9.   D Live Drop - 2 persons meet to exchange items or information.
10. C
Dead Drop Spike - is a concealment device used to hide money,maps,documents,microfilm and other items.
Notes: 
Cut-Out - is a mutually trusted intermediary,method or channel of communication,facilitating the exchange of informatio
1. Types of Plans agents.
     a. Policy/Procedural Plan
     b. Tactical plan Espionage/Spying - involves a government or individual obtaining information that is considered secret of confidential w
     c. Operational Plan permission of the holder of the information.
     d. Extra-Office Plan
     e. Management Plan Agent Handling - is the management of agents,principal agents and agent networks by intelligence officers typically know
officers.
2. Henry Fayol - (1841 - 1926) - concern was efficiency and
   effectiveness of the entire organization characterized by Case Officer - is an intelligence officer who is trained specialist in the management of agents and agent network.
   five specific functions.
     a. Planning Agent - acts on behalf of another whether individual,organization orforeign government, works under the direction of a p
     b. Organizing agent or case officer.
     c. Commanding
     d. Coordinating Cryptography - is the practice and study of techniques for secure communication in the presence of third parties called a
     e. Controlling
Eaves Dropping - Is the act of secretly listening to the private conversation of others without their consent.
3. Five M of management
     a. Manpower Propaganda - is a form of communication that is aimed at influencing the attitude of a community toward some cause or
     b. Machine
     c. Money Flip - apprehended criminals who turn informants.
     d. Means/Method
     e. Material
27
Snitches - jail house informants.
Intelligence Analysis - is the process of taking known information about situations and entities of strategic, operational, o
importance, characterizing the known and with appropriate statements of probability. the future actions in those situatio
Means of Information Gathering those entities.
1.Overt
2.Covert Cryptanalysis - from the Greek word Kryptos-hidden and Analyein-to loosen or to unite - is the art of defeating cryptogra
systems and gaining access to the contents of encrypted messages without being given the cryptographic key.
Intelligence Cycle - is the process of developing unrefined data into polished intelligence for the use of policy makers.
  1. Direction - intelligence requirements are determined by a decision maker to meet his/her 
      objective. Intelligence and Secret Service Reviewer 1
  2. Collection - is the gathering of raw information  based on requirements.
  3. Processing - converting the vast amount of  information collected into a form usable by  1. Knowledge of a possible or actual enemy or area of operations  acquired by the collection,evaluation and interpretatio
      analyst. information. 
  4. Analysis - conversion of raw information into  intelligence. It includes:       A. Combat intelligence                  
          (1) integrating       B. Police Intelligence  
          (2) evaluating       C. Military Intelligence
          (3) analyzing data and preparing intelligence    product.       D. Counter  intelligence 
  5. Dissemination - is the distribution of raw or finished intelligence to the consumer whose needs                                                                                             
      initiated the intelligence requirement. 2. Knowledge of the enemy,weather and the terrain that is used  in the planning and conduct of tactical operations.
  6. Feedback - is received from the decision maker and revised requirement issued.       A. Combat intelligence                
      B. Police intelligence 
Evaluation - systematic determination of merit, worth and significance of something or someone using criteria against a set of       C. Military Intelligence    
standards.       D. Counter-intelligence
                                                                                            
Collation - is the assembly of written information into a standard order. 3. Activity pertains to all security control measures designed to  ensure the safeguarding of information against espionag
against subversion and installations or material  against sabotage.
Crime Triangle       A. Combat intelligence                 
1. the offender       B. Police intelligence    
2. the victim       C. Military intelligence
3. the location       D. Counter intelligence
                                                                                            
Crime Intelligence - information compiled, analyzed and/or disseminated in an effort to anticipate, prevent, or monitor criminal 4. Those which seek to conceal information from the enemy.
activity.       A. Passive counter intelligence measures   
      B. Active counter intelligence measures  
      C. Strategic intelligence
Strategic Intelligence - information concerning existing patterns or emerging trends of criminal activity designed to assist in criminal
apprehension and crime control strategies for both short and long term investigative tools.         D. Tactical intelligence
                                                                                             
Tactical Intelligence - information regarding a specific criminal event that can be used immediately by operational units to further5.aThose that actively block the enemy's attempt to gain information of enemy's effort to engage in sabotage or subversio
criminal investigation plan tactical operations and provide for officer safety.       A. Passive counter intelligence measures    
      B. Active counter intelligence measures 
Open Source - refers to any information that can be legitimately obtained e. free on request, payment of a fee.       C. Strategic intelligence
      D. Tactical intelligence
Source - the place or person from which information is obtained.       
6. When the source of the information comes from a police intelligence officer of long experience and extensive backgrou
Intelligence Assessment - is the development of forecasts of behavior or recommended courses of action to the leadership of an evaluation of reliability of information is labeled.
organization based on a wide range of available information sources both overt and covert.        A. A                                                            

28
       B. B             4 - doubtfully true
       C. C            5 - improbable
       D. D            6 - truth can not be judged
                                                                                             
7. When there is no adequate basis estimating the reliability of an  information,the evaluation of the reliability of the information 1.   C
is labeled. 2.   A 
       A. A                                                            3.   D
       B. F  4.   A
       C. E 5.   B
       D. D 6.   A
                                                                                                            7.   B
8. The current head of the PNP directorate for intelligence is 8.   B
      A. Catalino Cuy                                             9.   B
      B. Cipriano Querol Jr. 10. A
      C. Lina Sarmiento
      D. Angelito Pacia Intelligence and Secret Service Reviewer 2
                                                                                            
9. Knowledge in raw form is known as 1. Ancillary materials that are included in a cover story or deception operation to help convince the opposition or casual o
      A. Intelligence                                              that what they are observing is genuine.
      B. Information          A. Walk-in                                                    
      C. Awareness       B. Warming room  
      D. Cognition       C. Window Observing
                                                                                                   D. Window dressing
10.The resolving or separating of a thing into its component parts.                                                                                                         
      A. Analysis                                               2. A surveillance team usually assigned to a specific target.
      B. Evaluation       A. Window observer                                   
      C. Collation       B. Window dressing 
      D. Collection       C. Stake-out team
                                                                                                                                                                    D. Watcher team
Remember the ff: Intelligence and Secret Service                                                                                               
    3. A location out of the weather where a surveillance team can go to keep warm and wait for the target.
 Methods of reporting information       A. Warming room                                       
      A. Evaluation of reliability of information - indicated by a letter as follows:       B. Rest room       
           A - completely reliable       C. Station room
           B - usually reliable - informant is of known integrity       D. Waiting room
           C - fairly reliable                                                                                                        
           D - nor usually reliable 4. A defector who declares his intentions by walking into an official installation, or otherwise making contact with an opp
           E - Unreliable g  government, and asking for political asylum or volunteering to work in  place.  Also known as a volunteer.
           F - reliability not judge - no adequate basis estimating the       A. Enemy traitor                                          
                reliability of the source.       B. Asylum seeker  
      C. Enemy defector
      B. Evaluation of accuracy of information - indicated by  numerals as follows:       D. Walk-in
                                                                                                          
           1 - confirmed by other agencies 5. The methods developed by intelligence operatives to conduct their operations.  
           2 - probably true       A. Trade craft                                             
           3 - possibly true       B. Operational technique 
29
      C. Trade secret
      D. Operational secret D. Police intelligence - used in the preparation and execution of police plans,polices and programs.
                                                                                              
6. It focuses on subject or operations and usually short term. Answers: Intelligence and Secret Service
      A. Strategic intelligence                              
      B. Counter intelligence     1.   D
      C. Tactical intelligence 2.   D
      D. Long-term intelligence 3.   A
                                                                                                4.   D
7. Concerns with the security of information, personnel, material and  installations. 5.   A
      A. Strategic intelligence                                6.   C
      B. Counter intelligence  7.   C
      C. Tactical intelligence 8.   A
      D. Long-term intelligence 9.   A
                                                                                                10.  B
8. Deals with political, economic, military capabilities and vulnerabilities  of all nations.
      A. Strategic intelligence                                 Intelligence and Secret Service Reviewer 3
      B. Counter intelligence  
      C. Tactical intelligence 1. Technical air sampler sensors designed to sniff for hostile  substances or parties in a dark tunnel system.
      D. Long-term intelligence       A. Chemical sniffers                                     
                                                                                                      B.Tunnel sniffers   
9. Tradecraft techniques for placing drops by tossing them while  on the move.       C. Dog sniffers
      A. Tosses                                                         D.  Air sniffers
      B. Dropping                                                                                                  
      C. Throwing 2. A major electronic communications line, usually made up  of a bundle of cables.
      D. Drops       A. Cable line                                              
                                                                                                      B. Trunk line 
10.A dead drop that will be retrieved if it is not picked up by the intended recipient after a set time.       C. Telephone line
      A.  Picked drop                                                   D. DSL
      B. Timed drop                                                                                                              
      C. Abandoned drop 3. A counter-surveillance ploy in which more than one target car  or target officer is being followed and they suddenly go
      D. Recovered drop directions, forcing the surveillance team to make instant choices about whom to follow.
                                                                                                               A. ABC technique                                
You may want to read the ff: intelligence and secret service       B. Star-burst maneuver 
      C. AC technique
A. Four Axioms of intelligence       D. Sudden change maneuver    
      1. Intelligence is crucial to intel security                                                                                                
      2. Intelligence is crucial to all types of operations 4. A chemical marking compound developed by the KGB to keep  tabs on the activities of a target officer. Also called MET
      3. Intelligence is the responsibility of all intelligence agencies compound is made of nitrophenyl pentadien (NPPD) and luminol.
      4. Intelligence of the government must be superior to that of the enemy.       A. Spy dust                                                  
      B. Chemical dust 
B. Intelligence - product resulting from the collection, evaluation  analysis, integration and the interpretation of all available       C. Sulfuric acid
information.       D. Potassium nitrate
                     - is a processed information.                                                                                                 
5. A ploy designed to deceive the observer into believing that an operation has gone bad when, in fact, it has been put in
C. Data + analysis = Intelligence another compartment.

30
      A. Burned                                                     
      B. Deceiving 4. Intelligence information - Information gathered or received  which is of intelligence interests.
      C. Spoofing
      D. Misleading 5. Intelligence community - It is an integrated and neatly  organized entity composed of units or agencies which have   in
                                                                                                           interest and responsibilities.
6. The special disguise and deception tradecraft techniques developed  under Moscow rules to help the CIA penetrate the KGB's
security  perimeter in Moscow. 6. Informant - is anyone who can furnish information.
      A. Silver bullet                                            
      B. Golden bullet   7.Rolling car pickup - A clandestine car pickup executed so   smoothly that the car hardly stops at all and seems to  have k
      C. Bronze bullet forward.
      D. Titanium bullet
                                                                                                           8. Terms:
7. Any form of clandestine tradecraft using a system of marks,  signs, or codes for signaling between operatives.       1. Wanted list - It is for crime suspects with warrant  of arrest.
      A. Ciphers                                                           2. Watch list - It is for those without warrant of arrest.
      B. Signs        3. Target list - It is for organized crime groups.
      C. Signals       4. PIR - Priority Intelligence requirement
      D. Code       5. OIR - Other intelligence requirements
                                                                                                      6. SOR - Specific order request
8. Any tradecraft technique employing invisible messages hidden  in or on innocuous materials. This includes invisible inks and
microdots, among many other variations. 9. R.A. 8551 - Placed PNP as support to the AFP in Counter insurgency operations thru intelligence gathering.
      A. Secret writing                                          
      B. Secret message 10.The intelligence cycle (PNP Directorate for Intelligence)
      C. Hidden message       1. Directing
      D. Hidden writing       2. Collecting
                                                                                                       3. Processing
9. An apartment, hotel room, or other similar site considered  safe for use by operatives as a base of operations or for a  personal      4. Dissemination and use 
meeting.
      A. Meeting place                                         
      B. Dead drop                       Definition of Terms: Next Page
      C. Drop
      D. Safe house 1.   B
                                                                                                           2.   B
10.When an operation goes bad and the agent is arrested. 3.   B
      A. Rolled up                                                4.   B
      B. Rolled down  5.   C
      C. Burned out 6.   A
      D. Burned down 7.   C
                                                                                                8.   A
Remember the ff: Intelligence and Secret Service 9.   D
10. A
1. Sun Tzu - The Chinese general who wrote The Art of War  in about 400 b.c.
Intelligence and Secret Service Definition of Terms
2. Smoking-bolt operation - A covert snatch operation in which   a special entry team breaks into an enemy installation and  
high-security device, like a code machine, leaving  nothing but the "smoking bolts." 2 Methods Of Collecting Information

3. Information - unprocessed information or raw data. Overt/Open – overt info. Are obtained from open and easily available sources like magazines, reports and files.
31
Covert/Close Cooperative Members of the Community - a rich source of information on criminals, criminal activities and even subversi

3 Defined Objectives Of Police Intelligence Criminal Syndicate – it is a stable business with violence applied and directed at unwelcome competitors.

To assist the commander in the success of the team Criminal World – the social organization of criminals having its own social classes.
Discover and Identify criminal activities
To assist in the apprehension of criminals Cryptoanalysis – is the process of putting the plain text message tocodes and cipher.

3 Types Of Channels In Special Communication Systems Cryptograph – the art and science of making, devising, inventing, or protecting codes and cipher.

Counter Intelligence – type of intelligence activity which deals with defending the organization against it criminal activitie
1. Regular
2. Secondary
Counter Intelligence Security Measures
3. Emergency

4 Phases/Steps of Informant Recruitment
1. Physical Security – a system of barrier placed between the potential intruder and the material to be protected.
1. Selection 2. Personnel Security – includes all security measures designed to prevent unsuitable individuals of doubtful loyalty fro
2. Investigation to classified matter,securing facilities and to prevent theappointment, employment, or retention as employees of su
3. Approach 3. Operational Security – measures taken in conducting operations or action in a secure and efficient manner.
4. Testing 4. Security Survey/Inspection – conducted in order to assist the chief of office in determining the security measures req
key installation from possible sabotage, espionage, subversion and unauthorized disclosure of or access to classified
Area of Interest – subject of information gathering (person,place,things or an activity) information or materials.
5. Community Security – is the protection resulting from all measures designed to deny unauthorized person informati
Briefs – the form in which the finished product of intelligence is presented to the commander in the police department. which may be derived from the possession and study of communications or to mislead unauthorized persons and th
of the result of such study. 
Bugging – the placement of a hidden microphone in a particular room to obtain information.
Counter Surveillance – if a surveillance team is watched by the supervisor or a designated unknown individual to know if
Burned – the agent was identified and known. job as planned or is being watched by companions of the subject.

CIA – established in 1946. Covert Operation – if the information is obtained without the knowledge of the person against whom the information or
used or if the method or procurement is done not in an open manner.
Ciples – are fundamental guides to action, broad statement of truth from which others are derived.
Detection of Criminal – the primary purpose of police counter intelligence.
Classification/Types Of Police Intelligence
Decipher – to reconvert the cipher into plain text message.
1. Strategic Intelligence
2. Counter Intelligence Documentary Security Classifications
3. Line Intelligence
1. Top Secret
Coding – is the process of putting the codes and ciphers to plain text message. 2. Secret
3. Confidential
Collate – to bring together and compare the truthfulness of the information. 4. Restricted

Collection – to accumulate knowledge on a subject or area of interest. Encipher – conversion of plain text message to ciphers.

32
Evaluation – it is the critical appraisal of information as a basis for its subsequent interpretation which includes determining the pertinence of
information and the reliability of the source. Order Of Battle – an intelligence document describing the identity, strength, command structure and disposition of the
                   - to judge the information as to its truthfulness or   importance. enemy/criminals.

Financial Gain – the most common reason why an informer is giving information. Organized crime – it is the combination of two or more persons for the purpose of establishing criminal activity.

Frederick The Great – father of organized military espionage.
Information – are knowledge, data, news, opinion or the like transmitted from one person to another.
Integrate – to make the entire or all the information the subject matter.
Interpret – to explain the meaning or to expand the information from the unknown to known.
Overt Operation – if the information or document are procured openly without regard as to whether the subject of the in
becomes knowledgeable of the purpose for which it is being gathered.
Parker – internal affairs is my defense and intelligence is my offensive arm.
Police Counter Intelligence – it is the detection, prevention, or neutralization of any activity inimical to the harmony and 
the police organization.

Intelligence – product resulting from the collecting information concerning an actual and potential situation and condition relatingPolice
to foreign
Intelligence – an evaluated and interpreted information concerning organized crime and other major police proble
activities and to foreign or enemy held areas.
Reconnaissance – to gather specific or detailed information at a particular time and place.
- product resulting from collection, evaluation, analysis, integration, and interpretation of available information concerning area of interest.
Roping – undercover assignment, form of investigation in which the investigator assume a different and unofficial identit
Interpretation – determining the significance of the information with respect to what is already known and it draws conclusions asorderto the
to obtain information.
probable meaning of the evaluated information.
Safe House – a clandestine place where the intelligence agent and his superior meet.
Kinds Of Surveillance
Schulmoister – Napoleon's secret military agent.
1. Surveillance of place
2. Tailing or shadowing Security Inspection – conducted in order to determine degree of compliance with established security policies and proce
3. Undercover investigation or Roping
Stool Pidgeon – an individual who sells information to different groups of law enforcers.
Line Intelligence – types of intelligence which is of immediate nature and necessary for more effective police planning and operation.
Strategic Intelligence – intelligence which is primarily long range in nature with little or no immediate practical value.
Method of Casing 
Sun Tzu – he was the writer of the book “Art of War”.
1. Personal Reconnaissance – the most effective
Surveillance – to gather general information over a wide area and takes a longer time frame.
2. Map Reading
3. Research Work
Tactical Interrogation – a process or method to obtain information from a captured enemy.
4. Operational Data Research
Walshingham – protector of queen Elizabeth.
Military Intelligence – it is an evaluated and interpreted information concerning an actual or possible enemy or theater of operations
including weather and terrain together with the conclusions drawn therefrom.
Wilhelm Von Stieber – a CIA intelligence officer who spied for soviet union from 1985 – 1994, he had perpetrated the cos
security in the agency's history.
Need To Know Principle – in intelligence dissemination, even a ranking law enforcer who has no business on the classified information is
not furnished the report.

OB File – identification, location, and knowing the intents of criminal syndicates, notorious characters and even people with subversive
Industrial Security Management
desires must be made available for use.

33
RA no. 5487 - (as amended by PD no. 11) - Private security agency law.   4. Not less than 21 nor more than 50 years old
  5. At least 5'4" in height
Private Detective Agency - is any person who for hire or reward or on commission conducts or carries on or holds himself out as   6. Not suffering from any disqualification under RA 
conducting or carrying on a detective agency or detective service.       5487

Private Detective - any person who is not a member of a regular police agency or armed forces who does detective work for
hire,reward or commission.
 Veterans shall be given priority in employment as security guard or private detective.
 Person convicted of any crime involving moral turpitude shall not be employed as security guard or private det
PADPAO - Philippine Association of Detective and Protective Agency Operators.
 Private detective, detective agency, security guard, security agency must first obtain license from the PNP.
Watchmen/Security Guard - person who offers or renders personal service to watch or secure either residential or business  Employees employed solely for clerical or manual work need not be licensed.
establishment or both or any building,compound or area for hire or compensation or as an employee thereof.  The license shall be displayed at all times in a conspicuous and suitable place in the agency office.
 The PNP shall exercise general supervision over the operation of all private detective and security guard agenci
Security Agency - any person, association, partnership or corporation who recruits, trains, muster ,furnishes, solicitindividuals or  The City/Municipal Mayors has the power as director of the City/Municipal civil defense to deputize private de
business firms, private or government owned or controlled corporation to engage his services or those of its watchmen. security guards to help maintain peace and order or prevent or arrest law violators in case of emergency or in ti
disaster or calamity. They shall take orders from the Chief of Police for the duration of the fire, inundation, eart
Who May Organize Security Agency riots or other emergency.
1. Any Filipino Citizen or a corporation, partnership or association.  A security guard or security agency is entitled to possess firearms.
2. With a minimum capital  required by law.  Firearm must not be higher than .45 caliber.
 Agency is entitled to possess firearm not exceeding one firearm for every security guard in its employ.
 Security guard is entitled to possess not more than one riot gun or shotgun.
 In case of corporation, association, or partnership - must be 100 % owned and controlled by Filipino citizen.
 Firearms shall be carried by the security guard only during his tour of duty in proper uniform within the compo
 No person shall organize or have interest in more than one agency.
establishment except when he escorts big amount of cash or valuables in or out of said compound.
 The Chief PNP shall prescribe the uniform, ornaments, equipment and paraphernalia to be worn by the security
Qualification of an Operator or Manager of a Security Agency:
1. At least 25 years of age  Uniforms must be different from the PNP/AFP.
2. College graduate and/or commissioned officer in the   inactive service of the AFP  Salary of security guard - not lower than the minimum wage prescribe by law.
3. Good moral character
4. No previous record of any conviction of any   crime/offense involving moral turpitude Limitations and Prohibitions on a Security Agency
5. Not suffering from any of the following disqualifications: 1. No agency operating in the City of manila and   suburbs may employ more than 1000 watchmen or
    security guards.
1. dishonorably discharged or separate from the AFP 2. No agency operating in other cities and first class  municipalities may employ more than 500 watchmen
2. mentally incompetent     or security guards.
3. addicted to the use of narcotic drugs 3. No agency operating in municipalities other than  first class may employ more than 200 watchmen or 
4. habitual drunkard     security guards.
4. No person, corporation, partnership or association  may organize more than one agency in any one city
    or municipality.
 An elective or appointive government employees who may be called upon on account of the function of their respective5. No agency shall offer, render or accept services to  gambling dens or other illegal enterprises.
offices in the implementation and enforcement of the provision of RA 5487 and person related to such government 6. The extent of the security service being provided  by any security agency shall not go beyond the 
employees by affinity or consanguinity in the third civil degree shall not hold any interest, directly or indirectly in     whole compound or property of the person or establishment requesting the security service  except when they escort
anysecurity guard agency. of cash.

Basic Qualification of a security Guard Who can Issue rules and regulations to carry out the purpose of RA 5487? ans. the chief PNP, in consultation with the P
  1. Filipino citizen Association of Detective and Protective Agency Operators.
  2. High school graduate
  3. Physically and mentally fit
34
What are the penal provisions for violation of RA5487 or its implementing rules? ans.
1. Suspension, fine or cancellation of license to  operate with the forfeiture f bond filed with the 
    Chief PNP.
2. Imprisonment ranging from 1 to 4 years and fine, in the discretion of the courts.

Physical security - describes the measures that are designed to deny access to unauthorized personnel from physically accessing aNotable security guards:
building, facility, stored information and guidance on how to design structures to resist potentially hostile acts.
                                 - a system of barriers placed between a potential intruder and the material or installation to be protected.

Security - the predictable state or condition which is free from harm, injury, destruction, intimidation or fear. Freedom from fear or 1.  Frank Wills - detected the Watergate burglars ultimately leading to the resignation of US president Richard Nix
danger or defense against crime.
Target hardening - the reduction in criminal opportunity, generally through the use of physical barriers, architectural des
Physical Security System - a barrier or system of barriers placed between the potential intruder and the matter to be protected. enhanced security measures of a particular location.
Protective device against hazards, threats, vulnerability and risks.
Defensible Space - the range of mechanisms that combine to bring an environment under the control of its residents.
Purpose/Goals of Physical security
Demography - the study of the characteristics of population groups.
1. deter potential intruders - ex. warning signs, perimeter markings
2. distinguish authorized from unauthorized people - ex. using pass card Principles of Physical Security
3. delay or prevent intrusion attempt - ex. wall, door lock, safe 1. An intruder must be able to acquire access to the   property in order to benefit.
4. detect intrusion and monitor/record intruders - e. CCTV, intrusion alarm 2. The type of access necessary will depend upon a   number of variable factors and therefore may be
5. trigger appropriate incident responses - ex. security guards     achieved in a number of ways.
3. There is no impenetrable barrier.
How to deter potential intruders 4. Security is built upon a system of defense in depth  resulting to accumulated delay time which may lead
    to the apprehension of the intruder.
5. Each installation is different from the others.
1. install warning signs - 
2. build fences
2 Kinds of Barriers
3. put vehicle barriers
1. Natural
4. install vehicle height restriction
2. Artificial
5. implement restricted access point
6. install sight lighting and trenches
5 Types of Barriers
1. Human
How to distinguish authorized from unauthorized people - access control at the
2. Animal
3. Natural
1. gates 4. Energy/Electrical/Electronic
2. doors 5. Structural
3. locks
3 Line of Defense
How to detect intrusion 1. Perimeter Barrier - 1st line of defense.
2. Building Exterior - 2nd line of defense.
1. install alarms 3. Interior Controls - 3rd line of defense.
2. install intrusion detection monitor 
3. install video monitoring system - ex. cctv Perimeter Barrier - main purpose is to deny or impede access or exit of unauthorized persons.
Other Purposes
Vigiles (in Rome) - origin of the watchmen although their principal duty was as a fire brigade. 1. It defines the boundary of the property to be    secured.
35
2. It creates a physical and psychological deterrent   to unauthorized entry. Human barriers - guards,charges of quarters,office personnel,shop workers etc. who stand between the intruder and the
3. It delays intrusion, thus facilitating apprehension  of intruders. be protected.
4. It assists in a more efficient and economical  employment of guards.
5. It facilitates and improves the control of pedestrian and vehicular traffic. Animal barriers - usually guard dog.ex. trained German shepherdsused as guards,goose,and turkeys can also be included

Energy barriers - usually electrical or electronics devices used to provide assistance to guard personnel.ex. protective
Components: lightnings,antiintrusion devices.
1. Types of Fencing (solid/full view)
2. The top guard Full view fence - it is designed primarily to prevent physical access between two areas.Constructed in such a way that vis
3. Types of Protective Alarms Systems is permitted through the fence.
4. Types of Protective and Emergency Lighting's
5. CCTV Cameras and other Electronic Security  Physical Security Features:
    Systems/Energy Barriers 1.Natural barriers - natural terrains features must be  considered from the stand point of their values to
   intruder as cover and concealment. Normally the first type considered very often we have to accept
Building Exterior - Components:    and work around them.
1. walls 2.Fences 
2. Doors    a. solid fence - one is constructed in such a way that  visual access through the fenced structure is
3. Windows         denied.
4. Roof Openings    b. full view fence - constructed in such a way that   usual access is permitted through the fence.
5. Fire Escapes
6. Protective Alarm Systems Advantages of a full view fence
7. Protective and Emergency lightnings 1. removing patrols and stationary guards are able to keep area surrounding of the installation under
8. CCTV Cameras and other Electronic Security      observation.
    Systems/Energy Barriers 2. it does not create shadows which would provide cover and concealment for the intruder.

Interior Controls - Components: Disadvantages of a full view fence

1. ID Systems 1. It allows visual access to the installation, its personnel, its guard and its activities.
2. Protective Alarm Systems 2. It allows the intruders to become familiar with the  movements and the time schedule of the guard
3. Protective Emergency Lighting's     patrols thereafter allowing him to pick the time for  attempting penetration which would most
4. Communication Systems     advantageous to the intruder.
5. CCTV Cameras and other Electronic Security
    Systems/Energy Barriers Advantages of solid fence
6. Restricted Areas (storage areas/utilities) 1. Denies visual access of the installation of the    intruder.
7. Access Control 2. Denies the opportunity for the intruder to become  familiar with the personnel, activities and the time
8. Key Control     schedule of the movements of guards in the  installations.
9. Emergency Plans
10.Guards  Disadvantages of solid fence
1. It prevents the guards from observing the area  around the installation.
Natural barriers or features - such as cliffs,ravines,and rivers which delay or make more difficult to entry of intruders. 2. It creates shadows which may be used by the  intruder for cover and concealment.

Barriers - any line of boundary and separation,natural or artificial,places,or serving as limitation or obstruction.Anything that Minimum acceptable requirements for fence used security barriers
bars,keep out,obstruct progress,or prevents encroachment or intrusion. 1. Height - 8 feet at a minimum.
2. Slack at the bottom - not to exceed 2 inches. If the  fences are not tight then it should extend even 
Structural barriers - features constructed by man regardless of their original intent that tends to delay the     closer to the ground.
intruder.ex.walls,ceilings,locks,safe,windows. 3. Wooden fence post - minimum horizontal dimension of 4X4 inches.
4. Steel fence post - the round type should at least be   2 inches at the smallest diameter.
36
5. Fence post - should be set in concrete or in firm  soil using commercial drive anchors to a depth of 3
    feet and the maximum distance post is 10 feet.
6. Fence top (Top Guard) - there should be something  on the top of the fence to deter persons attempting
    to go over fence. ex. use of barb wire overhang. The  arms holding the barbwire should be extended at 45
    degree angle in the direction of the expected  approach.
7. Fence area - it should be declared trees and  vegetation  and debris of other materials which  * Most common identification is for registering at the headquarters or gates and putting of sticker on the windows of the
    would offer concealment of the intruder or would  aid him in scaling the fence.
8. Fence Gates - gates should be limited to the no.  necessary for efficient and sage operation of the     1. Escort
    installation.
9. Fence Opening - all opening in the fence in excess of 96 inches must be locked barbed or screen in
    such a way that they may be interlocked and opened from the inside  and only by selected personnel.
10. Multiple fence - is used should at least be 10 feet  apart  and the overhang on the top of the inner     3. Time travel - used in less sensitive installations
    fence should point inward.
4 Basic functions that must be accomplished by the guard system
1. Detect intruders
2. Sound alarms
3. Apprehend unauthorized personnel
4. Identify authorized personnel
Personnel Control Identification
2 Types of identification
1. Personal Recognition - is the most effective
2. Artificial Identification - badges, passes etc.
System of Employment of Personnel Control Identification
1. Pass system - a method used by security to screen  visitors or person admitted into building premises.
2. Single pass or Badge system - the least expensive  and the least secure.
3. Group pass and Badge system - one ID for one   group.
4. Multiple pass system - separate pass is required for access to various areas in need ex.color coding
5. Spot magnetized identification passes - a code may  be placed in the device and when passes through a
    machine, the code on the device is read, if it contains  wrong code or no code at all,it will alarm.
6. Access list - it contains the names of authorized   persons or personnel and is checked against  2. Laser beam alarm - a laser emitter floods the wall or  fence with a beam so that when this beam is
    identification cards such as drivers licenses, draft  registration etc.
Visitor control - the measures used would depend on the sensibility of the installation but could include the following:
1. Escort - expensive but most secure 
2. Time traveled - if there is a long delay or time lapse  between the departure and arrival, the visitor may
    be required to show cause for the delay.
3. Visitors logs - should contain identifying data,  reasons of visit, time in and hour etc.
4. Visitors entrances - separate access for visitors and separate for employees .
Utility and maintenance personnel - escort system could be used. If these people visit the installations on a regular basis some of
the systems previously could be used.
Package control - there should be provisions made to check packages being taken in and taken out.
Photography - extreme caution must be exercised in areas where classified information is displayed to preclude unautho
of pictures of the installation.
Vehicular control and identification
* For visitors,the following systems are used:
   2. Driver pool - the most secure but the most expensive.In this system,car is driven by qualified
       driver employed by the installation from the entrance to its destination and after the conclusion of the business of th
visitor.car is driven back to the installations entrance.
   4. Grid system - a very complicated system. The installation is divided into grid ad squares like a 
        map.Each square is given a no. or letter designation. The visitor is then given a map and 
        shown the route to take to his destination and should not deviate from the prescribed route,
        otherwise he could be stopped and questioned by the guards.
  5. Search of vehicles - sign should be put at the entrance to the installation that any vehicle
       entering is subject to search anytime.
Types of Protective Alarm Systems
1. Central station system - the control station is located outside the installations.When the alarm is
     sounded by a subscriber, the central station notifies the police or protection agency.
2. Property system - the control system is located inside the installations with its own firefighter,law
    enforcer,ambulance,or bomb disposal unit.
3. Local alarm - the signalling is near the alarm itself. When the intruder enters the installation,the alarm
    goes off scaring the intruder.Purpose is just to scare not to apprehend intruder.
4. Auxiliary alarm - the installation owned the  protective alarm with a unit in the nearest police
    station so that in case of need,direct call is possible.
 
Kinds of Alarms
1. Intrusion alarm - any detecting devices using electric and their combinations to signal an alarm
    when actuated.
    disturbed  by a physical object,an alarm is activated
3. Photocell alarm - an invisible or visible beam is  emitted and when disturbed,it activates an alarm 
    or mechanical device that opens a door or lift  movable barriers,activated by light.
Basic component of an alarm system
1. Annunciation - the heart of the system of the  detecting device and is the component that
    activates the triggering unit.
2. Transmission - it transmit what is detected.
3. Triggering device - the one which emits those aural or visual signals or both.
Security Survey - The detailed check and audit of what an installation or plant does not have in relation to its protection
hazards.
37
Security Inspection - a process where physical examination is conducted to determine compliance with established security policies
   7. Communication Security - measures to prevent or delay the unauthorized person in gaining 
and procedures as a result of security survey.        information through communication.

Purpose of security survey Physical Security  

1. To determine existing state or condition of security   * Protective barrier - is the physical type of security.
2. To locate weaknesses and possible defense   * Barrier - any structure or physical device capable of restricting, deterring, delaying illegal access into
3. To determine degree of protection required      installations.
  * Perimeter barrier - a medium or structures which define the physical limits of an installation or area
Security hazards - an act or condition which result in a situation conductive to a breach of the protection system and the       to restrict or impede access thereto. Any physical barrier used to supplement the protection of the 
subsequent loss or compromise of defense, information, company secrets, or damage to property, personnel, or facilities.       inside perimeter.
  * Inside Perimeter - a line of protection adjacent to  the protected area and passing through points of
Hazards - exposure to loss or injury.      possible entry into the area. ex. doors and windows
  * Outside perimeter - a line of protection but some what removed from the protected area. ex.fence
Two General Categories of Security Hazards
1. Human hazard - caused by human  action. Ex.sabotage, pilferage, theft Types of Perimeter Barrier Opening
2. Natural Hazard - caused by natural phenomena.   1. Gates and Doors
  2. Elevators
Types of Human Hazards   3. Air intakes,Exhaust tunnels
  1. Human carelessness   4. Clear Zone
  2. Accident   5. Top Guard
  3. Disaffection   6. Guard Control Stations
  4. Disloyalty   7. Tower
  5. Subversion   8. Barrier maintenance
  6. Sabotage   9. Sign and Notices
  7. Espionage
  8. Pilferage Protective Alarms - supplemental physical barriers in a form of sound that cause alarm installed indoors or outdoors in a
  9. Theft installation.
  10.Vandalism
Types of Alarm Systems
Protective Security - measures taken by an installation or unit to protect against sabotage,espionage or subversion and at the same   1. Metallic foil wire
time provide freedom of action in order to provide the installation or unit with the necessary flexibility to accomplish its mission.   2. Ultrasonic Detection Device
  3. Vibration Detection Device
3 Aspects of Security   4. Microwave Motion Detection Device
   1. Physical Security - measures taken to prevent physical access or entry to an installation.   5. Audio Detection Device
   2. Personnel Security - measures taken to insure that only authorized personnel have access to   6. Photo Electric or Electric Eye
      classified documents or information.
   3. Document and Information Security Kinds of Alarms
  1. Bill Traps
Types of Security   2. Foot Rail Activator
   1. Physical Security - the most broad.   3. Knee or thigh button
   2. Industrial Security - security of business  installations and industrial plants.   4. Foot button
   3. VIP Security - protection of high level officers and  important personnel.   5. Double squeeze button
   4. Bank Security - security of money and assets stored or in transit.
   5. Hotel Security - security for hotel guest and their   personal belongings and property as well as  Protective Lighting - provide illumination on areas to be secured that adds psychological deterrence.
       properties of the hotel.
   6. Document security - protection of vital records  from loss or unauthorized access. Types of protective Lighting
38
  1. Stationary luminary - consist of series of fixed luminaries to flood given area continuously
       Example: glare protection type Close-in Security Formations
  2. Standby Lighting - provides continuous lighting through manual operations.   1. One Man Security - 360 degrees coverage.
  3. Movable Lighting - stationary or portable manually operated  search lights.   2. Two Man Security - Each guard has 180 degrees   coverage.
  4. Emergency Lighting - duplication of existing lighting system that is utilized in the event of   3. Three Man Security - has equal areas of coverage
      electric failure.   4. Four Man Security
  5. Five Man Security - modified diamond.
Types of Lighting Equipment   6. Six Man Security - (defensive circle) too much crowd requires arm lock formation.
  1. Street lights - used in parking areas       Note: Six Man Security is the most effective.
  2. Search Lights - highly focused incandescent lamps  used to pinpoint potential trouble spot.
  3. Flood Lights - project light in a concentrated beam  used in boundaries and fences. Defensive In Depth Barriers
  4. Fresnel Lights - wide beam units primarily used to  extend illumination in long horizontal strips to    1. Outer Ring - securing sidewalks, in front of quarters or offices, covering all entrances, front,
      protect approaches to perimeter barrier.        center, side and rear.
  2. Middle Ring - security covering inside quarters,  office, residence, all stairways and elevators.
Protective Locks and Keys   3. Inner Ring - immediately outside the high risk personnel door or the one closest to the VIP.
  1. Lock - a mechanical,hydraulic,electrical or  electronic device designed to prevent entry into a
      building,room,container or hiding place and to prevent the removal of items without the consent Industrial Security Management Reviewer 1
      of the owner.
  2. Padlock - portable and detachable lock having or  sliding hasp that passes through a staple ring. 1. The Private Security Agency Law is known as
  3. Peterman - A term used in England for lock picker, safe cracker and penetrators of restricted areas        A. R.A. No. 5487
      or rooms.        B. R.A. No. 5467
       C. R.A. No. 5476
Types of Locks        D. R.A. No. 5478
  1. Lever locks - used in cabinets,drawers,safe deposit box.
  2. Disc-Tumble Locks - used in car doors. 2. Any Person who, for hire or reward or on commission, conducts or carries on or holds himself or itself out as conductin
  3. Warded Locks - offer little security,used only to provide privacy. carrying on a detective agency or detective service.
  4. Combination Locks        A. Private Security Guard
  5. Card Operated Locks        B. Private Detective
  6. Electromagnetic Locks        C. Private Security Agency
  7. Code operated Locks        D. Private Detective Agency

Types of Keys 3. Any Person who is not a member of a regular police agency or the Armed Forces of the Philippines who does detective
  1. Master Key - a special key of opening a series  locks. hire, reward or commission.
  2. Grand Master Key - a key that will open everything in a system involving two or more         A. Private Detective Agency
       master key groups.        B. Private Detective
  3. Change Key - a key to a single lock within a master  keyed system.        C. Private Security Guard
  4. Sub Master Key - a key will open all lock with a particular area or grouping in a given facility.        D. Private Security Agency

Types of Security Cabinets 4. Any Person who offers or renders personal service to   watch or secure either residential or business establishment   or
  1. Safe  any building, compound or area including but not    limited to logging concession, agricultural, mining, or pasture  lands f
  2. vault compensation or as an employee thereof is  known as
  3. File Room        A. Security Guard
       B. Private Security Agency
Protective Cabinets - considered as the third line of  defense against unauthorized persons.        C. Private Detective Agency
       D. Private Security Agency    
Key Control - a system of controlling keys devised and  regulated for disposal, storage and withdrawals.
39
5. Any Person, Association, Partnership or Corporation who   recruits, trains, muster, furnishes, solicits individuals or  business firms,
8.    A
private or government owned or controlled  corporations to engage his service or those of its watchmen   is known as 9.    C
       A. Private Security Guard 10.  D
       B. Private Detective
       C. Private Detective Agency Industrial Security Management Reviewer 2
       D. Private Security Agency
1. One of the following is not a disqualification for an  operator or manager of a security agency
6. Security Agency must be owned and controlled by how many   percentage of Filipino ownership?        A. Mental Incompetent
       A. 100% Filipino        B. Womanizer
       B. 90% Filipino        C. Narcotic Drug Addict
       C. 75% Filipino        D. Habitual Drunkard
       D. 60% Filipino
2. One of the following is not a requirement to qualify as a   security guard
7. How many security agency may a person organize or have an   interest in?        A. Filipino Citizen
       A. Four        B. College Graduate
       B. Three        C. Physically and Mentally Fit
       C. Two        D. Not More Than 50 Years Old
       D. One
3. A Security Guard must be at least
8. The Operator or Manager of a security agency must be at    least        A. 5'2" in Height
       A. 25 Years of Age        B. 5'3" in Height
       B. 30 Years of Age        C. 5'4" in Height
       C. 35 Years of Age        D. 5'5" in Height
       D. 40 Years of Age
4. A Security Guard must not be less than 
9. The Operator or Manager of a security agency must be at   least a        A. 19 Years of Age
       A. Ph. D. Degree Holder        B. 20 Years of Age
       B. Master's Degree Holder        C. 21 Years of Age
       C. College Graduate        D. 22 Years of Age
       D. High School Graduate
5. Who has the power to promulgate the rules and regulations  to carry out the  provisions of R.A. No. 5487
10. An Operator or Manager of a security agency must have no   previous record of any conviction of any crime or offense        A. The President of the Philippines
       A. Crimes Against Person        B. The DILG Secretary
       B. Crimes Against Property        C. The Chief of the PNP
       C. Crimes Against Chastity        D. The DOJ Secretary
       D. Moral Turpitude    
6. Who has the power  to exercise general supervision over the operation of all Private Detective or Security Guard  Agen
Answer:        A. LGU
       B. DILG
1.    A        C. PNP
2.    D        D. DOJ
3.    B
4.    A 7. A Security Agency is entitled to possess firearm in a number not exceeding 
5.    D        A. One Firearm For Every Two Security Guard
6.    A        B. One Firearm For Every Three Security Guard
7.    D        C. One Firearm For Every Four Security Guard
40
        D. One Firearm For Every Five Security Guard 2. How many security agency may a person, partnership, or  association organize in one city or municipality?
       A. One
8. When may a security guard carry firearm outside of the establishment he is guarding?        B. Two
       A. In Case of Emergency or Disaster        C. Three
       B. When Summoned By PNP Member For Help        D. Four
       C. When In Hot Pursuit Of A Thief Or Robber
       D. When He Escorts Big Amount Of Cash  3. Security Agencies may offer or render services to the  following establishments except one
       A. Night Clubs
9. A Security Agency operating in the City of Manila may employ not more than        B. Coffee Shops
       A. 500 Security Guards        C. Gambling Dens
       B. 1000 Security Guards        D. Restaurants
       C. 1500 Security Guards
       D. 2000 Security Guards  4. The Chief PNP in issuing rules and regulations implementing  R.A. No. 5487 or the Private Security Agency Law must co
the
10. A Security Agency operating in places other than Metropolitan Manila, other cities and first class         A. SAGSD
    municipalities  may employ not more than        B. PADPAO
       A. 500 Security Guards        C. DILG
       B. 1000 Security Guards        D. LGU
       C. 15000 Security Guards
       D. 2000 Security Guards 5. A Violation of the provisions of the private security agency law may result in any of the following except one
            A. Suspension
       B. Fine
Answer:        C. Cancellation of License To Operate
       D. None of the Above
1.    B
2.    B 6. In a Security Agency, All of the following except one should secure a license
3.    C        A. Those employed to manage the agency
4.    C        B. Those employed to supervise the security guards
5.    C        C. Those employed to do investigative work
6.    C        D. Those employed solely to do clerical work
7.    A
8.    D 7. A Written Order or Schedule issued by a superior officer  assigning the performance of private security or detective  se
9.    B is known as
10.  A        A. License To Operate
       B. Designation Order
Notes: In case of conflict between The Private Security AgencyLaw (RA No. 5487) and the Implementing Rules and Regulations        C. Duty Detail Order
issued by the chief PNP, The Private Security Agency Law  shall prevail.        D. License To Exercise Profession

Industrial Security Management Reviewer 3 8. In a Security Agency, Which of the following is allowed to issue Duty Detail Order?
       A. The Branch Manager
1. A Security Agency operating in municipalities other than first  class may employ         B. The Security Guard Supervisor
       A. Not more than 200 security guard        C. The Most Senior Security Guard
       B. Not more than 300 security guard        D. The Chief Of The PNP SAGSD or  Representative
       C. Not more than 400 security guard
       D. Not more than 500 security guard 9. New Applicants for a license to operate a Security Agency  shall be required to obtain a minimum capitalization of
       A. 250,000 pesos
41
        B. 500.000 pesos        C. 1500
       C. 750,000 pesos        D. 2000
       D. 1,000,000 pesos
5. What is the maximum number of private security personnel  that a private detective agency may employ?
10. No regular license shall be granted to any Private Security  Agency unless it has a minimum of        A. 500
       A. 200 licensed private security personnel in its employ        B. 1000
       B. 300 licensed private security personnel in its employ        C. 1500
       C. 500 licensed private security personnel in its employ        D. 2000
       D. 1,000 license private security personnel in its employ
6. A License to operate a private security agency shall be valid  for how many years?
Answer:        A. One
       B. Two
1.    A        C. Three
2.    A        D. Four
3.    C
4.    B 7. The Application for renewal of license to operate a private  security agency shall be filed at least how many days before
5.    D date?
6.    D        A. 15
7.    C        B. 30
8.    A        C. 45
9.    D        D. 60
10.  A
8.Under the Implementing Rules and Regulations of R.A. No  5487, What is required to be displayed at all times in a  cons
Industrial Security Management Reviewer 4 suitable place in a security agencies office  or headquarters?
       A. Business Permit
1. No Regular License shall be granted to any company guard  force unless it has a minimum of        B. DTI Registration
       A. 10 Licensed Guard Under Its Employ        C. Articles of Incorporation
       B. 30 Licensed Guard Under Its Employ        D. License To Operate
       C. 50 Licensed Guard Under Its Employ
       D. 100 Licensed Guard Under Its Employ 9. Services of any security personnel may be terminated on  which of the following ground?
       A. Expiration of Contract
2. No Regular License shall be granted to any private detective  agency unless it has a minimum of         B. Revocation of License To Exercise Profession
       A. 10 Licensed Private Detective Under Its Employ        C. Physical and Mental Disability
       B. 30 Licensed Private Detective Under Its Employ        D. All Of The Above
       C. 50 Licensed Private Detective Under Its Employ
       D. 100 Licensed Private detective Under Its Employ 10. All of the following except one is a ground for the  termination of the services of any security personnel
       A. Violation of Pertinent Rules Promulgated by the PNP
3. What is the maximum number of private security personnel  that a private security agency may employ?        B. Conviction of a Crime Involving Moral Turpitude
       A. 500        C. Lost of Trust and Confidence
       B. 1000        D. Filing of a Criminal Offense in the Prosecutor's Office
       C. 1500
       D. 2000 Answer:

4. What is the maximum number of private security personnel  that a company guard force may employ? 1.    B
       A. 500 2.    B
       B. 1000 3.    B
42
 4.    B
5.    B PCSUSIA/SAGSD – the government agency that issues licenses for private and government security guard.
6.    B
7.    D Perimeter Barrier – the first line of physical defense of a building, compound, or comples viewing from the outside.
8.    D
9.    D Peterman – a term used in England for lock pickers, safe crackers and penetrators of restricted/prohibited areas.
10.  D
Private Detective – any person who does detective work for hire, reward or commission other than members of the PNP,
Industrial Security Management Definition Of Terms BJMP and other law enforcement agency of the government.

3 Categories of Security Guards Belonging to the Blue Army Private Detective – Qualifications – in addition to those prescribed for a security guard.

1. Agency Guards 1. Holder of a Baccalaureate degree or Bachelor of Laws

2. Company Guards
2. Holder of a degree of Bachelor of Science in Criminology 
3. Government Security Guards
3. Gaduate of a criminal investigation course offered by the PNP.NBI or any police training school or detective trai
Access List – an authenticated list of personnel given to security allowing entry to a compound or installation or a part thereof. authorized/recognized training center.
4. Advance ROTC/CMT graduate
Alarm – a device that signals.
Private Security Agency Law – RA 5487
Clear Zone – the exterior and interior parallel area near the perimeter barrier of an industrial compound to afford better
observation and patrol movement. Relative Criticality of Operation – the importance of an establishment with reference to the national economy and securi

Controlled Area – an area near or adjacent to limited or exclusive areas where entry is restricted. Relative Vulnerability – the susceptability of a plant or establishment to damage, loss, or destruction of operation due to
hazards.
Dry Run – practical test or exercise of a plan.
Restricted Area – if access is limited only to the authorized.
Ducks – in England, an owner to protect his compound used and they are not only effective but cheap to maintain.
Safe – a metallic container used for the safekeeping of documents or other small items in an office or installation.
Duress Code – a type of code system so that security personnel when forced by armed men intending to enter an installation can
give alarm by the use of certain words in casual conversation with other personnel in the installation. SAGSD – Security Agency in Guard Supervisory Division

Exclusion Area – a restricted area containing materials of security interest. Security Guard – one who is a holder of a security guard license duly issued by the PNP

Human Made Hazards in an Industrial Firm Security Guard – Qualifications

1. Pilferage 1. Filipino Citizen

2. Sabotage 2. High School Graduate
3. Arson 3. Physically and Mentally Fit
4. At least 18 yrs. Old but not more than 50 yrs. Old
Key Control – the management of keys in a plant, office or business organization to prevent unauthorized access. 5. Has undergone pre-licensing training course
6. Must not possess any of the disqualification for operator or manager.
Main Office – all agencies shall maintain a main office in their registered addresses.
Security Service Contract – agreement/contract between the agency and client stipulating among other things the money
PADPAO – Philippine Association of Detective and Protective Agency Operator be paid by the client and salary of individual security guard.

43
           A.    administrative plan            
Security Survey – also known as security audit, risk assessment, and vulnerability assessment.            B.    operational plan
          C.    strategic plan
Top Guard – this is an additional outwardly inclined structure usually barbed wires placed above a vertical fence to increase           D.    tactical plan                                         Answer: B        
physical protection from intruders of a certain area. 7.  It is the premier educational institution for the police,  fire and jail personnel.
          A.    Philippine Military Academy 
Vault – a heavily constructed container usually part of a building structure used for keeping and protecting cash and           B.    Development Academy of the Philippines
documents.           C.    Philippine College of Criminology 
          D.    Philippine Public Safety College                Answer: D
Victimology – a special study concerned with what makes an individual a victim of crime.
8.  A crew which is assigned to a mobile car usually consist of 
Law Enforcement Administration Review Questions           A.    a driver and intelligence agent
          B.    a driver and traffic man
1.  The amount and nature of the demands of the police service           C.    a driver and a recorder
         A.Clientele           D.    a driver, recorder and supervisor              Answer: D
         B.Purpose
         C.Time 9.  An industrial complex must establish its first line of physical defense.  It must have 
         D. Process                                                   Answer: C           A.    the building itself            
          B.    perimeter barriers
2.  The PNP has a program which ensures the deployment of policemen in busy and crime prone areas.  This is called           C.    communication barriers
          A.    patrol deployment program           D.    window barriers                                      Answer:B
          B.    roving patrol program
          C.    patrol and visibility program 10. All of the following are members of the People’s Law  Enforcement Board (PLEB), EXCEPT:
          D.    police patrol program                              Answer: C           A.    Three (3) members chosen by the Peace and Order  Council from among the respected members of the  comm
          B.    Any barangay Captain of the city/municipality concerned chosen by the association of the 
3. All regional appointments of commissioned officers commence with the rank of:                     Barangay Captains.
          A.    Senior Police Officer I           C.    Any member of the Sangguniang   Panglungsod/Pambayan
          B.    Inspector           D.    A bar member chosen by the Integrated bar of the  Philippines (IBP)                     Answer: D
          C.    Police Officer III                                                    
          D.    Senior Inspector                                    Answer: B 11. It is the circumspect inspection of a place to determine its  suitability for a particular operational purpose.
          A.    Inspection        
4.  In busy and thickly populated commercial streets like those  in Divisoria, police patrol is very necessary.  Since there   are several
          B.    Surveillance
types of patrol, which of the following will you  recommend:           C.    Survey
          A.    Horse patrol           D.    Casing                                                 Answer: C
          B.    Mobile patrol
          C.    Foot patrol 12. In the civil service system, merit and fitness are the primary considerations in the 
          D.    Helicopter patrol                                    Answer: C           A.    two-party system    
          B.    evaluation system
5.  It is the product resulting from the collection, evaluation,       analysis, and interpretation of all available information           C.    promotional system
which oncerns one or more aspects of criminal activity and which is  immediately or potentially significant to police planning.           D.    spoils system                                       Answer: C
          A.    Investigation        
          B.    Information 13. In the de-briefing, the intelligence agent is asked to discuss  which of the following:
          C.    Data           A.    his educational profile and schools attended
          D.    intelligence                                           Answer: D                              B.    his personal circumstances such as his age, religious   affiliation, address, etc.
6.  These are work programs of line divisions which related to  the nature and extent of the workload and the availability            C.    his political inclination and/or party affiliation
         of resources.           D.    his observations and experiences in the intelligence   Answer: D
44
14. It is a natural or man-made structure or physical device which  19. Registration of a security agency must be done at the______. 
     is capable of restricting, determine, or delaying illegal access to            A.Securities and Exchange Commission
     an installation.           B.National Police Commission
          A.    alarm                               C.Department of National Defense
          B.    wall               D.PNP Criminal Investigation Group                   Answer:D
          C.    barrier
          D.    hazard                                                 Answer: C 20. The cheapest form of police patrol.
          A.    Bicycle Patrol
15. What form of intelligence is involved when information is            B.    Foot Patrol
      obtained without the knowledge of the person against whom            C.    Motorcycle Patrol
      the information or documents may be used, or if the            D.    Helicopter Patrol                                   Answer: B    
      information is clandestinely acquired? 21. The budget is a _________________ in terms of expenditure 
          A.    covert                         requirements.
          B.    overt               A.tactical plan            
          C.    active           B.financial plan    
          D.    underground                                        Answer: A           C.work plan
          D.control plan                                             Answer: B
16. The provincial Governor shall choose the provincial Director 
     from a list of ___________ eligible recommended by the  22. The term used for the object of surveillance is a subject while 
     Regional Director, preferable from the same province, city,        the investigator conducting the surveillance is:
     municipality.              A.rabbit                    
          A.    three (3)               B.surveillant
          B.    five (5)           C.traffic enforcement
          C.    four (4)                                                     D.patrol                                                     Answer: A
          D.    Two (2)                                              Answer: A
23. It is a police function which serves as the backbone of the 
17. Republic Act 6975 provides that on the average nationwide,       police service.  In all types of police stations, there is a specific 
     the manning levels of the PNP shall be approximately in       unit assigned to undertake this function in view of its 
     accordance with a police-to-population ratio of:      importance.
          A.    one (1) policeman for every seven hundred (700)            A.vice control            
                  inhabitants.           B.criminal investigation
          B.    one (1) policeman for every one thousand five hundred            C.traffic management
                  (1,500) C.inhabitants.           D.patrol                                                     Answer: D
          C.    one (1) policeman for every five hundred (500) 
                  inhabitants. 24. It is the weakest link in security chain.
          D.    one (1) policeman for every one thousand (1,000)            A.managers                
                  inhabitants.                                        Answer: C           B.Barriers
          C.Personnel
18. In disaster control operations, there is a need to establish a            D.inspections                                              Answer: 
       ______where telephones or any means of communication 
     shall    25. Which of the following is considered as the most important 
          A.ensure open lines of communication.      factor in formulating an effective patrol strategy?
          B.command post                       A.training of station commander
          C.operations center           B.adequacy of resources of the police station
          D.field room                                                 Answer:B           C.rank of the patrol commander
45
          D.salary rates of police personnel                Answer: B           D.    Finance Center                                    Answer: B

26. Who among the following have summary disciplinary powers  32. Those who are charged with the actual fulfillment of the 
     over errant police members?       agency’s mission are ________.
          A.District Director                       A.    staff                    
          B.Provincial Director           B.    supervision    
          C.Chief of Police           C.    management
          D.Chief, PNP                                             Answer: D           D.    line                                                     Answer: D

27. You are the Patrol Supervisor for the morning shift.  You don’t  33. When the subject identifies or obtains knowledge that the 
       have enough men to cover all the patrol beats.  Which of the         investigation is conducting surveillance on him, the latter is:
       following will you implement?           A.    cut out                 
          A.    assign roving mobile patrol with no foot patrol           B.    sold out
          B.    assign mobile patrols only in strategic places           C.    burnt out
          C.    maintain your patrolmen at the station and just wait            D.    get out                                                Answer: C
                 for calls for police assistance
          D.    assign foot patrol in congested and busy patrol beats  34. Small alley like those in the squatters area of Tondo can be 
                 but assign a roving mobile patrol to cover beats which       best penetrated by the police through:
                 are not covered by foot patrol               Answer: B           A.    foot patrol                
                                                                       B.    mobile patrol    
28. The father of organized military espionage was:           C.    highway patrol
          A.    Akbar                               D.    helicopter patrol                                    Answer: A
          B.    Alexander the Great    
          C.    Genghis Khan 35. Some of the instructions in foot surveillance are the following, 
          D.    Frederick the Great                               Answer: D        EXCEPT
          A.    stop quickly, look behind
29. Which of the following is the most common reason why informer           B.    drop paper, never mind what happens to the paper
       can give information to the police?           C.    window shop, watch reflection
          A.wants to be known to the policeman           D.    retrace steps                                       Answer: B
          B.monetary reward
          C.as a good citizen 36. On many occasions, the bulk of the most valuable information 
          D.revenge                                                 Answer: B        comes from:
          A.    business world            
30. To improve delegation, the following must be done, EXCEPT:           B.    newspaper clippings
          A.    establish objectives and standards           C.    an underworld informant
          B.    count the number of supervisor           D.    communications media                           Answer: B
          C.    require completed work
          D.    define authority and responsibility           Answer: C 37. Highly qualified police applicants such as engineers, nurses and 
       graduates of forensic sciences can enter the police service as 
31. What administrative support unit conducts identification and         officers through:
     evaluation of physical evidences related to crimes, with            A.    regular promotion            
     emphasis on their medical, chemical, biological and physical            B.    commissionship
     nature.           C.    lateral entry
          A.    Logistics Service                   D.    attrition                                              Answer: C
          B.    Crime Laboratory    
          C.    Communication and Electronic service 38. Police Inspector Juan Dela Cruz is the Chief of Police of a 
46
     municipality.  He wants his subordinates to be drawn closer to         desire to steal is not diminished by the presence of the police 
     the people in the different barangays.  He should adopt which         officer but the _______________ for successful theft is.
     of the following projects?           A.    ambition                
          A.    COPS on the blocks                   B.    feeling
          B.    Oplan Bakal           C.    intention
          C.    Oplan Sandugo           D.    opportunity                                         Answer: A
          D.    Complan Pagbabago                              Answer: A
45. Graduates of the Philippine National Police Academy (PNPA) are 
39. What should be undertaken by a Security Officer before he can         automatically appointed to the rank of:
       prepare a comprehensive security program for his industrial            A.    Senior Superintendent        
       plan?           B.    Inspector
          A.    security conference                       C.    Senior Police Officer 1
          B.    security check               D.    Superintendent                                    Answer: C
          C.    security survey
          D.    security education                                Answer: C 46. PNP in-service training programs are under the responsibility of 
        the:
40. This patrol method utilizes disguise, deception and lying in wait            A.    PNP Directorate for Plans
       rather than upon high-visibility patrol techniques.           B.    PNP Directorate for Human Resource and Doctrine 
          A.    low-visibility patrol                              Development
          B.    directed deterrent patrol           C.    PNP Directorate for Personnel and Records 
          C.    decoy patrol                  Management
          D.    high-visibility patrol                               Answer: A           D.    PNP Directorate for Comptrollership          Answer: C

41. It enforces all traffic laws and regulations to ensure the safety  47. One way of extending the power of police observation is to get 
     of motorists and pedestrians and attain an orderly traffic.        information from persons within the vicinity.In the police work,
          A.    Civil Relations Unit                this is called:
          B.    Traffic Operations Center           A.    data gathering             
          C.    Traffic Management Command           B.    field inquiry
          D.    Aviation Security Command                    Answer: C           C.    interrogation
          D.    interview                                             Answer: B
42. A method of collecting information wherein the investigator 
       merely uses his different senses. 48. Dogs have an acute sense of _______________ thus, their 
          A.    observation                   utilization in tracking down lost persons or illegal drugs.
          B.    casing           A.    smell                    
          C.    research           B.    hearing
          D.    interrogation                                        Answer: A           C.    eating
          D.    drinking                                              Answer: A
43. In stationary surveillance, the following must be observed, 
       EXCEPT 49. Intelligence on _________________ makes heavy use of 
          A.    never meet subject face to face       geographic information because law enforcement officials must 
          B.    avoid eye contact       know exact locations to interdict the flow of drugs.
          C.    recognize fellow agent           A.    Logistics                
          D.    if burnt out, drop subject                       Answer: C           B.    Human Cargo Trafficking
          C.    Narcotics Trafficking
44. Pedro is a thief who is eying at the handbag of Maria.  PO1            D.    Economic resources                              Answer: C
       Santos Reyes is standing a few meters from Maria.The thief’s 
47
50. Which of the following is most ideally suited to evacuation and            D.    team policing                                       Answer: A
       search-and-rescue duties?
          A.    motorcycle                 56. Without air force capability, patrol operation that covers large 
          B.    helicopter                park areas, grassy fields or wooded areas requires the use of 
          C.    patrol car           A.    bike patrol                
          D.    bicycle                                               Answer: B           B.    horse patrol
          C.    marine patrol
51. A method of collection of information wherein the investigator            D.    helicopter patrol                                   Answer: B
       tails or follows the person or vehicle.
          A.    research                 57. Which of the following refers to the long range planning?
          B.    undercover operation           A.    Intermediate                
          C.    casing           B.    Strategic
          D.    surveillance                                         Answer: C           C.    Medium
          D.    short                                                  Answer: B
52. This is a person who does detective work for hire, reward or 
      commission, other than members of the AFP, BJMP, provincial  58. The operational plan which is designed to met everyday or 
      guards, PNP or any law enforcement agency of the       year  round needs is called
      government.           A.   meeting unusual needs        
          A.    Secret Agent                           B.   extra office    
          B.    “Tiktik”           C.   regular operating programs
          C.    Private detective           D.   special operating programs                      Answer: C
          D.    Undercover                                         Answer: C
                                        59. Which of the following is the oldest type of patrol?
53. The uprightness in character, soundness of moral principles,            A.    horse                        
      honesty and freedom from moral delinquencies is referred to as           B.    foot
          A.    integrity                           C.    canine
          B.    loyalty                               D.    police                                                 Answer: B
          C.    discretion
          D.    moral                                                 Answer: A 60. The act of expelling a squatter by the legal process is called:
                                                  A.    demolition                
54. Going east while foot patrolling and turning right after reaching            B.    squadron
      the end of your beat and turning right after reaching the other            C.    eviction
      end of the road and again turning right until you completed            D.    tear down                                           Answer: C
      the cycle by reaching back to your origin of patrolling.What 
      patrol pattern have you applied? 61. Which of the following is not a commissioned officer?
          A.    clockwise                            A.    Inspector                 
          B.    straightway           B.    senior superintendent        
          C.    counter clockwise           C.    asst. chief
          D.    free-wheeling                                      Answer: A           D.    chief superintend                                  Answer: C
                                       
55. Which theory of patrol state that police visibility increases the  62. Which of the following words has the same meaning as the 
     opportunity to apprehend criminals by soothing them and letting       word credibility?
     them believe that their crimes will not be detected?           A.    ability                
          A.    low profile theory               B.    capacity
          B.    high visibility               C.    believability
          C.    theory of omnipresence           D.    vulnerability                                         Answer: C
48
                                                 D.    siren                                                  Answer: A
63. Which of the following best defines the word self-reliant?
          A.    observation             70. What type of cover uses actual or true background?
          B.    crime prevention           A.    artificial                
          C.    called for service           B.    multiple cover    
          D.    criminal apprehension                            Answer: C           C.    natural
          D.    cover within a cover                             Answer: C
64. All but one are the primarily line operation in police organization
          A.    patrol                 71. What is the principle of organization suggesting that 
          B.    records        communication should ordinarily go upward and downward 
          C.    investigation        through establish channels in the hierarchy?
          D.    traffic                                                Answer: C           A.    Chain of Command            
          B.    Span of Control
65. Criminals can hear the sound of the helicopter coming and so            C.    Unity of Command
       element of surprise is lost which is one of the ________           D.    Delegation of Authority                          Answer: A
       of air patrol:                                      
          A.    advantages                 72. What is the optional retirement for officers and new officers of 
          B.    features        the police service?
          C.    disadvantages           A.    15 years                
          D.    import                                                Answer: C           B.    25 years
          C.    30 years
66. What is the patrol used to locate prowlers, burglars hiding in            D.    20 years                                             Answer: D
      large buildings or stores, and the control of unruly crowds and 
        riots? 73. Governors and mayors, upon having been elected and having 
          A.    foot                              qualified as such,are automatically deputized as representatives 
          B.    horse      of the
          C.    bicycle           A.    NAPOLCOM             
          D.    dog               .                                    Answer: D           B.    DND
          C.    PLEB
67. Which of the following laws established the Police Organization            D.    none of these                                      Answer: A
       under the DILG?
          A.    R.A.     5487             74. It is constitutionally and legally mandated to administer and 
          B.    R.A.    8551        control the Philippine National Police.  
          C.    R.A. 1174           A.    DILG                   
          D.    R.A.    6975                                         Answer: D           B.    DND  
          C.    NAPOLCOM
68. Who is the most important officer in the police organization?                D.    DFA                                                    Answer: C
          A.    investigator
          B.    patrol officer 75. It is the central receiving entity for any citizen’s  complaint 
          C.    traffic officer        against the members and officers of the PNP. 
          D.    The Chief of Police                                Answer: B           A.    DILG                   
          B.    NAPOLCOM  
69. Which of the following is the oldest warning device?           C.    PLEB
          A.    trumpet                       D.    IAS                                                    Answer: C
          B.    horn    
          C.    radio 76. When we say that a commander is directly responsible  for any 
49
       act or omission of his subordinates  in relation to the            D.    reprimand                                            Answer: C
       performance of their official duties, we are referring to: 
          A.    chain of command                82. The credential  extended by the Civil Service 
          B.    delegation of responsibility         Commission/National Police Commission for the purpose of 
          C.    Command responsibility         conferring status for permanent appointment  in the police 
          D.    span of control                                    Answer: C         service.
          A.    police credibility         
77. A police strategy which aims to directly involve members of the            B.    police visibility    
       community in the maintenance of peace and order by police            C.    Criminology Board Examination
       officers.            D.    police patrol examination  
          A.    Integrated Police System                    E.    police eligibility                                     Answer: E
          B.    Comparative Police System  
          C.    Police Visibility 83. In the history of our police force, who was the first Director 
          D.    Community Oriented Policing System (COPS)      General of the Philippine National Police (PNP)? 
                                                                         Answer: D                                                                                   A.    Gen. Cesar Nazareno            
78. No person in an organization can do all the tasks necessary for            B.    Gen. Raul Imperial   
      accomplishing group objective.  Also, no one should exercise all           C.    Gen. Umberto Rodriquez
      the authority for making decisions.This refers to            D.    Gen. Recaredo Sarmiento                       Answer: A
          A.    chain of command        
          B.    command responsibility    84. The premier educational institution for the training, human 
          C.    unity of command        resource development and continuing education of all the 
          D.    delegation of authority                          Answer: D        personnel of BJMP, BFP and PNP. 
          A.    PNPA                    
79. Under RA 6975, a police officer is entitled to a longevity pay            B.    PCCR     
     equivalent to how many percent (%) of his monthly basic salary            C.    PNTC
     for every five years of service, to be reckoned from the date of            D.    PPSC                                                 Answer: D
     his original appointment in the police, fire, jail or other allied 
     services?   85. Under the law,the city/municipal jail warden should have a rank 
          A.    2 percent                                 of __.
          B.    5 percent           A.    Inspector                  
          C.    10 percent           B.    Chef Inspector  
          D.    15 percent                                          Answer: C           C.    Senior Inspector
          D.    Superintendent                                    Answer: C
80. This term refers to the period when a police officer is actively 
      engaged in the performance of his duty.   86. The required rank for the Chief of Jail Bureau.  
          A.    off duty                     A.    Chief Superintendent       
          B.    off limits              B.    Director  General   
          C.    on call           C.    Director
          D.    on duty                                              Answer: D           D.    Deputy Director General                         Answer: C

81. The act of temporarily denying an officer the privilege of  87. It exercise supervision and control over the provincial jails. 
      performing his police duties in consequence of an offense and            A.    BJMP  
      violation of rules and regulations.           B.    Bureau of  Prisons   
          A.    dismissal                               C.    Department of Justice
          B.    restriction                       D.    Provincial Government                          Answer:  D
          C.    suspension
50
88. The required rank for the head of the Fire Bureau.            C.    mayor
          A.    Chief Superintendent                       D.    governor                                             Answer: C
          B.    Director General    
          C.    Director 95. The utilization of units or elements, of the PNP for the 
          D.    Deputy Director General                         Answer: C        purpose of protection of lives and properties, enforcement of
       laws and maintenance of peace and order. 
89. It exercise supervision and control over all city and municipal            A.    employment                 
      jails.            B.    deployment    
          A.    BJMP                           C.    assignment
          B.    Bureau of Prisons                D.    designation                                         Answer: A
          C.    Department of Justice
          D.    Local Government                                Answer: A 96. The orderly and organized physical movement of elements or 
      units of the PNP.
 90. The annual reservation percentage quota for women in the             A.    employment            
       PNP           B.    deployment         
          A.    25%                             C.    assignment
          B.    5%               D.    designation                                          Answer: B
          C.    10%
          D.    20%                                                   Answer: C 97. One of the following exercises control and supervision over the 
      PNP units during elections.
91. Which of the following administers and attends to cases            A.    NBI            
      involving crimes against chastity?            B.    Ombusdman
          A.    CIDG                               C.    COMELEC    
          B.    DSWD            D.    DILG                                                  Answer: C
          C.    Women’s Desk
          D.    Homicide Division                               Answer:    C 98. The number of eligible for which the Regional Director may 
       recommend for Provincial Director to the governor is __. 
92. They are automatically deputized as NAPOLCOM            A.    2           
      representatives to exercise supervision and control over PNP            B.    3   
      units.             C.    5
          A.    Chief of Police                        D.    4                                                       Answer: B
          B.    Judges        
          C.    Local Government Executives 99. Who is the current Chief of the PNP?
          D.    Fiscals                                                Answer: C          A.   Nicanor Bartome
         B.   Nicanor Bartomeo
93. They have the authority to recommend to the Provincial           C.   Nick Bartolome
       Director the transfer, reassignment of PNP members outside           D.   Nicanor Bartolome                                  Answer: C
       of their town residences. 
          A.    Regional Directors          100. The current PNP deputy director General for Administration is
          B.    Priests            A.    Arturo Cacdac Jr.
          C.    Chiefs of Police          B.    Emilito Sarmiento
          D.    Mayors                                               Answer: D          C.    Rommel Heredia
         D.    Alexander Roldan                                   Answer: A
94. The head of a local peace and order council is the __. 
          A.    judge                     101. Registration of a security agency as a corporation must be 
          B.    chief of police           processed at what particular government agency.
51
             A. PNP SAGSD              D. Criminal instinct to surface in the potential offender Answer: C
             B. NAPOLCOM 
             C. DND 108. Weakest link in the security chain.
             D. SEC                                                   Answer: D              A. Security Guards
             B. Manager
102. Minimum age requirement for security manager or operator of               C. Barriers
       a security agency.              D. Personnel                                          Answer: D
             A. 25 years old
             B. 30 years old 109. Perimeter barriers,protective lighting and ______ system are 
             C. 35 years old        known in industrial security as physical security.
             D. 40 years old                                      Answer: A              A. Guarding
             B. Reporting
103. He exercises the power to revoke for cause licenses issued to               C. Relieving
       security guards.              D. Accounting                                         Answer: A
             A. Chief PNP
             B. DILG Usec 110. This is an additional outward inclined fixed structure usually 
             C. NAPOLCOM chairman        barbed wires placed above a vertical fence to increase 
             D. DILG Secretary                                  Answer: A        physical protection from intruders of a certain area,this is 
       known as
104. Refers to a natural or man made structure which is capable of               A. Cellar Guard
       delaying illegal access to facility.              B. Tower Guard
             A. Wall              C. Top Guard
             B. Fence              D. Top Tower                                          Answer: C
             C. Barriers
             D. Beach fronts                                      Answer: C 111. The exterior and interior parallel area near the perimeter 
       barrier of an industrial compound to afford better observation 
105. It refers to means and ways that personnel and employees         and patrol movement is known as
       making them security conscious.              A. Protective zone
             A. Security Promotion              B. Clear zone
             B. Security Education              C. Twilight zone
             C. Security Investigation              D. Patrol lane zone                                 Answer: B
             D. Security Seminar                                Answer: B
112. Protective guarding in a compound can be done by the use of 
106. Industrial management must establish the first line of physical         electronic hardware,human guards and even animals.In 
       defense,it refers to        England,an owner to protect his compound used this and they 
             A. Perimeter barriers        are not only effective but also the cheapest to maintain.This 
             B. The building itself        man is using
             C. Door,Locks,Window barriers              A. Doberman
             D. Entry points where security guards are located        Answer: A              B. Tame Tigers
             C. Geese
107. Physical security is a system of barriers placed between the               D. Duck                                                   Answer: C
       potential intruder and the object matter to be protected.As 
       criminologists,this is simply a denial of 113. The government agency that issues licenses for private and 
             A. Opportunity to commit the offense        government security guard is
             B. Opportunity to the object of protection              A. PNP SOSIA
             C. Access to the object of protection              B. Mayors office
52
             C. PNP FEO              B. Alert your guards when hazards occur
             D. PNP SAGSD                                        Answer: D              C. Not take any concern of such hazards
             D. Prepare a disaster or emergency plan 
114. If access is limited only to unauthorized personnel,this                   for these hazards for the firm           Answer: D
       particular place is referred to as
             A. Compromise area 120. Practical exercise or test of a plan or activity to determine its 
             B. Restricted area        effectiveness is called
             C. Danger area              A. Sham drill
             D. Exclusive area                                    Answer: B              B. Fire drill
             C. Dry run
115. First measure undertaking before a comprehensive security               D. Evacuation plan                                Answer: C
       program for an industrial plan could be developed.
             A. Security education 121. The main reason for a personnel security investigation is
             B. Security check              A. To weed out undesirable employees
             C. Security survey              B. To check loyalty of employees to the organization
             D. Security Inspection                           Answer: C              C. To determine the character and reputation  of certain 
                  employees secretly tagged as risks.
116. A security of a plant or industrial firm is also known by other               D. Preclude assignment to sensitive positions for those 
       terms except                  who are security risks.                           Answer: D               
             A. Robbery evaluation 122. In an industrial firm there is a need for document security.As 
             B. Vulnerability        security officer,you can advice management on this aspect 
             C. Risk Assessment        although this is not totally your assigned work.Document 
             D. Security Audit                                    Answer: B        security is not a protection of vital records from
             A. Authorized handlers
117. Today there are 3 categories of security guards belonging to               B. Theft or loss
       the blue army.              C. Compromise or destruction
             A. Government security guards              D. Unauthorized access                             Answer: A
             B. Company guards
             C. Agency guards 123. As a security chief of an industrial firm,inventory shows that 
             D. Body guards                                      Answer: D        pilferage is rampant in the warehouses.What will be your 
       choice of action
118. Whether to put up its own security guard organic to the firm               A. To resign if you have failed your job
       or hire contractual agency guards have their individual merits               B. Deploy intelligence men in pilferage prone areas to 
       and disadvantages.To determine which type of guarding                   catch the culprit
       system an industrial firm will require management must consult               C. Prepare your protective plans and confer with 
             A. A security consultant not connected to or owning a                   management for their immediate implementation
                 security agency              D. Tighten checking at exists of vehicles of the 
             B. A military intelligence officer                  compound/complex
             C. A police officer                                                                           Answer: B
             D. A security agency owner                   Answer: A
124. There are many types of electronic and electric protective 
119. As a security officer,you can not prevent nor protect natural         devices available for security buildings,storehouses and 
       hazards like storm,earthquakes,floods and the like.In order to         compounds.One of the ff: is true
       reduce the disastrous effects of these natural hazards you               A. Electronics/electrical devices provide total protection 
       will                  for the place to be safeguarded
             A. Call PAGASA and inquire when the next storm is coming              B. Types of alarms needed can best be given by the 
53
                 dealers of said devices              B. Relative vulnerability
             C. Each building or compound requires particular               C. Risk assessment
                 electronic/electrical protective devices              D. Relative criticality                                Answer: D
             D. Electronic/electrical devices eliminate human guards  
                                                                          Answer: C 131. The association of all licensed security agencies operators
             A. POAPAD
125. The management of keys used in plant office or business               B. PADPAO 
       organization to prevent unauthorized access is referred to as              C. PODPAO 
             A. Security key control              D. PAOPAD                                              Answer: B
             B. Lock control
             C. key control 132.Who among below can own or operate security agency?
             D. Key management                                  Answer: C              A. A Filipino citizen
             B. Anyone provided he knows the job
126. It is defined as system of barriers placed between the matters               C. An alien but living in the Philippines
       protected and the potential intruder              D. All of them                                          Answer: A
             A. Computer security
             B. Personnel security 133. A licensed issued to operate security agency or company 
             C. Document security        forces.
             D. Physical security                                   Answer: D              A. Business license
             B. License to engage in business
127. This type of alarm system utilizes a station located outside               C. License to operate
       the compound              D. All of them                                          Answer: C
             A. Auxiliary system
             B. Proprietary system 134. R.A. No. 5487 governs the operation of
             C. Central alarm system               A. Private detective
             D. Local alarm system                               Answer: C              B. Company security
             C. Private security forces/agencies
128. It is installed as part of the building which holds up to 10,000               D. All of them                                          Answer: D
       cubic meters of essential items.At least 12 ft. in height with 
       enough ventilation and fire proof of at least one hour. 135. A fact-finding prove to determine a plant adequacy and 
             A. Protective cabinet        deficiency all aspects of security with the corresponding 
             B. File room        recommendation.
             C. Vault              A. Security audit
             D. Safe                                                    Answer: B              B. Security survey
             C. Security inquiry
129. It is the susceptibility of a plant or establishment to               D. Security operations                              Answer: B
       damage,loss or disruption of operations due to various 
       hazards. 136. Barrier which includes but not limited to wall,fences,grill etc.
             A. Risk analysis              A. Structural barriers
             B. Risk assessment              B. Man made barriers
             C. Relative vulnerability              C. Physical barriers
             D. Relative criticality                                 Answer: C              D. Natural barriers                                    Answer: B

130. It refers to the importance of the establishment with  137. One who steals due to his inability to resist the unexpected 
       reference to the national economy and security.        opportunity and has little fear of detection.
             A. Risk analysis              A. Systematic
54
             B. Outsider
             C. Casual 144. The act or condition affecting the safe operation of the 
             D. Insider                                               Answer: C        facility caused by human action,accidental or intentional.It 
       includes sabotage,espionage,pilferage and 
138. A barrier which includes but not limited to mountains, cliffs,        theft,disloyalty,disaffection and subversive activities.
       ravines, cliffs, etc.              A. Electronic hazard
             A. Energy              B. natural hazard
             B. Human                C. Artificial hazard
             C. Natural               D. Human hazard                                     Answer: D
             D. Animals                                              Answer: C
145. Example of the Security Communication system.
139. Issued by the security guard for personnel to be admitted to               A. Telephone
       the company.              B. Paging system 
             A. Duress code              C. Radio
             B. Pass system              D. All of them                                          Answer: D
             C. ID
             D. Access list                                          Answer: B 146. The revised rules and regulations governing the organization 
       and operation of private detective and private security 
140. In a close-in security formations, a one man security covers        agencies and company security forces throughout the 
             A. 360 degrees        country.
             B. 180 degrees              A. Private security law
             C. 45 degrees              B. International law
             D. 90 degrees                                        Answer: A              C. Private law
                D. Security law                                        Answer: A
141. A mechanical device of supplying water which can be manual 
       or motor driven. 147. A metallic container used for the  safekeeping of documents 
             A. Stand pipe        or small items in an office or installation.
             B. Fire extinguisher              A. Steel cabinet
             C. Fire hydrant              B. Drawer
             D. Fire pump                                           Answer: A              C. Basket
             D. Safe                                                   Answer: D
142.Intrusion alarm devices are designed to ______ and not 
      prevent criminals from trespassing and should be used normally 148. A heavily constructed fire and burglar resistant container 
      as an independent adjunct and not a replacement of the         usually a part of the building structure used to keep and 
      human guard forces.        protect cash,document and negotiable instruments.
             A. Detect              A. Basket
             B. Deterred              B. Vault
             C. Provide              C. Steel cabinet
             D. Impeded                                            Answer: A              D. Concrete coffin                                   Answer: B

143. An authenticated list of personnel given to security allowing  149. Steal or plastic pipes located in the building from the lowest 
       entry to compound or installation or part thereof.        to the top floor with water under pressure for use in case of 
             A. Pass system        fire.
             B. ID               A. Lowering pipe
             C. Access list              B. Wet pipe
             D. Duress code                                      Answer: C              C. Top pipe
55
             D. Stand pipe                                           Answer: D        unsuitable individuals or persons of doubtful loyalty to the 
       government from gaining access to classified matter or to any 
150. Who among below are exempted from pre-licensing training?        security facility and to prevent appointment or retention as 
             A. AFP and PNP retirees        employees of such individuals.
             B. Graduate of ROTC basic or advance               A. Security personnel
             C. AFP and PNP veterans              B. Employee security
             D. All of the above                                   Answer: D              C. Personnel security
             D. Both A and C                                         Answer: C
151. Tenure of security personnel is based on
             A. Can be extended by the client 157. It is an inquiry into the character,reputation,discretion and 
             B. The service contract between the agency and the         loyalty of individual in order to determine a persons suitability 
                 client        to be given security clearance.
             C. Labor only contracting between the agency and the               A. BI
                 guard              B. LAC
             D. Tenure provided by the labor code            Answer: B              C. NAC
             D. PSI                                                      Answer: D
152. Before private security agencies render security services to 
       its clients,there must be a contract that must bind them,it is  158. Consist of the investigation of the background of an individual 
       called        but limited only to some of the circumstances of his personal 
             A. Contract service        life which are deemed pertinent to the investigation.
             B. Service contract              A. PSI
             C. Security contract              B. PBI
             D. Security service contract                       Answer: D              C. CBI
             D. BI                                                        Answer: B
153. Which below is a qualification for the operator or manager of 
       security agency. 159. A thorough and complete investigation of all or some of the 
             A. Commissioned officer of AFP or PNP,inactive or retirees        circumstances or aspect of a persons life is conducted.
             B. At least 25 years of age              A. PSI
             C. Filipino citizen              B. PBI
             D. All of them                                           Answer: D              C. CBI 
             D. BI                                                        Answer: D
154. A security force maintained and operated by any private 
       company for its own security requirements only. 160. Among the following,which is the least expensive and least 
             A. Insular security force        secure personnel control identification system?
             B. Company security force              A. Multiple pass system
             C. Government security unit              B. Group pass and badge system
             D. Private security unit                              Answer: B              C. Spot magnetized identification pass
             D. Single pass or badge system                     Answer: D
155. A person who offers or renders personal services to watch or 
       secure a residence or business establishment or both is 161. Factors considered in background investigation except:
             A. Watchman              A. Integrity
             B. Security guard              B. Character
             C. B only              C. Personal prestige 
             D. B and A                                              Answer: D              D. Loyalty                                                 Answer: C

156. Include all the security measures designed to prevent  162. Motives that cause people to be disloyal
56
             A. Character
             B. Revenge 169. How many firearms issued for every two guards employed by 
             C. Moral        the security agency is allowed by law?
             D. Reputation                                            Answer: B              A. 4
             B. 3
163. Weakness that makes people susceptible to pressure              C. 2
             A. Jealousy              D. 1                                                        Answer: D
             B. Weakness of character
             C. Close relative in foreign land 170. Firearms of security agency should be covered with firearms 
             D. All of them                                            Answer: D        license issued by the PNP through its Firearm Explosive 
       Division under the civil security group renewable every
164. A security unit maintained and operated by any government               A. 4 years
       entity.              B. 3 years
             A. Insular security force              C. 2 years
             B. Company security force              D. 1 year                                                 Answer: D
             C. Government security unit
             D. Private security agency                           Answer: C 171. The aspect of security which involves the application of 
       security measures For the protection and safeguarding of 
165. Cosnsist of the investigation of the background of a person         classified information
       particularly all the circumstances of his personal life              A. Top secret
             A. PSI              B. Information security
             B. PBI              C. Personnel security
             C. CBI              D. Documents security                               Answer: D
             D. BI                                                       Answer: C
172. Refers to assigned information by one of the four classification 
166. Any person,association,partnership,firm or private         categories
       corporation,who contracts recruits,trains,furnishes or post               A. Reclassify
       any security guards to do its functions.              B. Classified
             A. Insular security force              C. Declassify
             B. Company security force              D. Security clearance                                 Answer: B
             C. Government security unit
             D. Private security agency                           Answer: D 173. Refers to the administrative determination that an individual is 
       eligible for access to classified matter.
167. Shall be responsible to the detachment commander as far as               A. Reclassify
       his shift is concerned.              B. Classified
             A. Officer in charge              C. Declassify
             B. Shift in charge              D. Security clearance                                 Answer: D
             C. Security guard on duty
             D. Assistant detachment commander             Answer: B 174. Means loss of security which results from an unauthorized 
       persons obtaining knowledge of classified matter.
168. Before a security guard can practice his profession,he shall               A. Vulnerability 
       possess a valid security license,What is this license?              B. Criticality
             A. Firearm license              C. probability
             B. License to operate              D. Compromise                                          Answer: D
             C. Drivers license
             D. Security guard license                            Answer: D 175. These are information and material,the unauthorized disclosure
57
       of which would cause exceptional grave damage to the         measures which prevent or delay the enemy or unauthorized 
       nation,politically,economically or from a security aspect,this         persons in gaining information through communication.
       category is reserved for the nations closest secret and is to               A. Transmission security
       be used with great reserve.              B. Cryptographic security
             A. Restricted matters              C. Communication security
             B. Secret matters              D. All of the above                                    Answer: C
             C. Confidential matters
             D. Top secret matters                                Answer: D 181. That component of communication security which results from 
       the provisions of technically sound crypto system and their 
176. These information and material,the authorized disclosure of         proper use.
       which would endanger national security,cause serious injury to               A. Transmission security
       the interest or prestige of the nation or of any governmental               B. Cryptographic security
       activity or would be of great advantage to a foreign nation.              C. Communication security
             A. Restricted matters              D. All of the above                                    Answer: B
             B. Secret matters
             C. Confidential matters 182. A system which uses words as the smallest element.
             D. Top secret matters                                 Answer: B              A. Transposition system
             B. Code
177. These information and material,the unauthorized disclosure of               C. Concealment
       which while not endangering the national security would be               D. Cipher                                                 Answer: B
       prejudicial to the interest or prestige of the nation or any 
       government activity or would cause administrative   183. A system that manipulate 1,2 or 3 characters at a time.
       embarrassment or unwarranted injury to an individual or               A. Transposition system
       would be of the advantage to a foreign nation.              B. Code
             A. Restricted matters              C. Concealment
             B. Secret matters              D. Cipher                                                 Answer: D 
             C. Confidential matters
             D. Top secret matters                                Answer: C 184. It is the potential damage or loss of an asset.
             A. Adversary
178. It is information that in some special way relates to the status               B. Risk
       or activities of the possessor and over which the possessor               C. Security hazard
       asserts ownership.              D. Criticality                                            Answer: B
             A. Transmission security
             B. Trade secret 185. It is the impact of a loss as measured in financial terms.
             C. Patents              A. Adversary
             D. Proprietary information                            Answer: D              B. Risk
             C. Security hazard
179. It maybe a formula for a chemical compound,a process of               D. Criticality                                            Answer: D
       manufacturing,treating or preserving materials,a pattern for 
       machine or device or a list of customers. 186. Eliminating or removing the risk totally from the 
             A. Transmission security        business,government or industrial environment for which the 
             B. Trade secret        risk manager has responsibility.
             C. Patents              A. Risk self-assumption
             D. Proprietary information                            Answer: B              B. Risk spreading
             C. Risk avoidance
180. It is the protection resulting from the application of various               D. Risk avoidance                                      Answer: C
58
              D. Top guard                                           Answer: D
187. It is an act of spying.
             A. Saboteur 194.A conference similar to entrance conference,this is only done 
             B. Espionage       after the completion of security survey.
             C. pilferer              A. Entrance conference
             D. Sabotage                                             Answer: B              B. Briefing
             C. Debriefing
188. It is one of the most annoying and common human hazards               D. Exit conference                                     Answer: D
       which security has to deal with.
             A. Casual pilferage 195. It is the lost that would be sustained if a given target or 
             B. Systematic pilferage        combination of target where totally removed,destroyed or 
             C. Pilferage        both.
             D. None of the above                                 Answer: C              A. Risk reduction
             B. Probable maximum loss
189. One who steals with pre conceived plans and takes always               C. Risk transfer
       any or all types of items or supplies for economic gain.              D. Possible maximum loss                            Answer: D
             A. Casual pilferage
             B. Systematic pilferage 196. Refers to the amount of loss a target would be likely to 
             C. Pilferage        sustain through theft and robbery.
             D. None of the above                                 Answer: B              A. Risk reduction
             B. Probable maximum loss
190. What date is the Republic Act No. 5487 or the private security               C. Risk transfer
       agency law passed?              D. Possible maximum loss                            Answer: B
             A. June 13, 1999
             B. June 13, 1969 197. A term used in England for lock pickers,safe crackers and 
             C. June  7, 2009        penetrators of restricted rooms or area.
             D. June 31, 1969                                       Answer: B              A. Superman
             B. Peterpan
191. A natural hazards or acts of god.              C. Batman 
             A. Calamity              D. Peterman                                             Answer: D
             B. Phenomenon  
             C. Disaster 198. The badge or pass coded for authorization to enter specific 
             D. Force majeure                                      Answer: D        areas is issued to an employee who keeps it in his possession 
       until his authorization terminates.
192. A restricted area where visitors are limited in movement and               A. Pass system
       are usually escorted.              B. Pass exchange system
             A. Exclusive area              C. Single pass system
             B. Limited area              D. Multi pass system                                  Answer: C
             C. Restricted area
             D. Protected area                                     Answer: B 199. Company owned alarm system with a unit in the nearest police 
       station so that in case of need, direct call is possible.
193. A structure placed above a vertical fence to increase               A. Auxiliary alarm
       protection from intruder.              B. Proprietary system
             A. Guard house              C. Local alarm system
             B. Clear zone              D. Central station station system                 Answer: A
             C. Tower guard
59
200. The system consists of ringing up a visual or audible alarm 
       system near the object to be protected.
             A. Auxiliary alarm
             B. Proprietary system
             C. Local alarm system
             D. Central station system                           Answer: C

60