UNIT 1

Vocabulary

Prefixes
Dis disagree, disappear
Il illegal, illogical
Im impossible, improper
In inaction, invisible
Ir Irregular, irresponsible
Un undo, unequal, unusual
Sufixes
-able/-ible comfortable, portable, reversible, terrible
-ish stylish, childish, boyish
-less friendless, tireless
-ful beautiful, grateful
-worthy Roadworthy, trustworthy, seaworthy.
Application for a driver’s license Solicitud de licencia de conducir
Enrollment form Formulario de inscripción
Formal complaining form Formulario de queja formal
Job application Aplicacion de trabajo
Visa or passport application Solicitud de visa o pasaporte
Tax return Declaración de impuestos
A birth certificate Un certificado de nacimiento
An ID card Una tarjeta de identificación
A medical certificate Un certificado medico
A passport Al pasaporte
Proof of address Comprobante de domicilio
A resident’s certificate Certificado de residente
Crew las personas que trabajan juntas en un barco,
avión o tren
Flock un grupo de pájaros u ovejas
Gang Un grupo de jóvenes que pasan tiempo juntos,
a menudo peleando con otros grupos
herd un gran grupo de animales como vacas que
viven y comen juntas
Horde un gran grupo de personas
Mob un gran grupo de personas que a menudo es
violento o no está organizado
Pack Un grupo de animales que viven juntos,
especialmente perros
Swarm un gran grupo de insectos todos moviéndose
juntos
Grammar

Past modals:

Shoud+have+past participle Could+have+past participle

Regret or criticize Possibility in the past.
Past Modal: Especulation & Deduction

Must,could,might,may,couldn’t+have+past participle
Are sure happened He must have found his self confidence.
Think possibility happened She migh have ..
They may have..
Think possibility didn’t happen She might not have….
She may not have…..
Are sure didn’t happen He couldn’t have…

UNIT 2

Gramar

I wish, if only

...+past simple to talk about a
present situation that you
want to be different.
♪If only I covered my PIN
number.
A present fact with can/can’t
changes to wouldn’t when we
want things to be different
♪I wish I wouldn’t turn back
the clock.
…+ past perfect to talk about
wishes and regrets about the
past.
♪if only I had left my values in
the bank.

If sentences: IMAGINED SITUATIONS (2) MIXED TIME FRAMES

Imagined situation in the past Imagined consequence in the present

past perfect (had+past participle) Would/could/might+infinitive
If
Imagined situation in the present Imagined consequence in the past
+
Would/could/might+have+past participle
simple present(verb in the past)
Speak

Befor I forget, Antes que lo olvide,

By the way Por cierto

Talking about… Hablando sobre…

That reminds me, Eso me recuerda,

Changing the subject Cambiando de tema

Incidentally then Por cierto entonces

Vocabulary: Vocabulario
Arson Incendio provocado
Burglary
Robocon forcejeo de la casa
Fraud
Fraude
Illegal file sharing
Compartir archivos Ilegal
Kidnapping
Secuestro
Looting
Saqueo
Mugging
Asalto con arma
Murder
Asesinato
Rioting
Disturbios
Steal+the thing that it taken
Rob+the person o the place it is taken
Robbing
Robar
Shoplifting
Hurto(robar productos de tiendas)
Tax evasion
Evasión de impuestos
Terrorism
Terrorismo
Trespassing
Entrar Sin Derecho o en propiedad privada
Vandalism
Vandalismo(grafitear la pared)
Arrest a suspect
Have a criminal record
Commit a crime Find someone guilty
Scam Estafa
Taken in engañado
Very naive Muy ingenuo
genuine auténtico
Law-abiding Respetuoso de la ley
Proof of identity Prueba de identidad
aElefant Thailand loyalty elegant lucky

b peru luck and fertility in the flowers

d maneki neko Japan beckoning cat

e evil eye turkey front of the door

F ladybugs protect the ladybugs.

Glucky pigs good fortune in the feed of the family

1failure and success

2fate/destiny

3chance wealth

4prosperity fortune

5destiny chance

Unit 3

vocabulary

Chance Oportunidad
Fortune Fortuna
Destiny Destino
Prosperity Prosperidad
Failure Falla
success Éxito
Fate Destino
Wealth Riqueza
1 wish me luck 4e say that you hope things go well.
2 no such luck 6a unfortunately not.
3 a stroke of luck 2f something fortunate and unexpected
4 run out of luck 3b have no more luck
5 with any luck 1d if things go well
6 push your luck 5c try to hard to get something and risk losing what you’ve achieved.
Bear in mind Tener en cuenta
Running low Quedando sin
Take care of Es encargaran
Lost touch with Perder el contacto con
Caught sight of Atrapado a la vista de/vio
Got rid of Se deshizo de
Grammar

Adding Emphasis: Cleft, Sentences with is

Is…that Its to introduce main topic,
that+complement
The thing that/the reason Is to introduce The main topic
why…is..
We can also useother words
instead of
thing(situation,place ,person
What…is… What+complement+is+topic
Making comparisons
It’s fear of the unknown that
makes us develop lucky ritual
The thing that causes the
greatest stress is exams.
Another situation that stresses
people out is a job interview
What causes me the most
anxiety is performing of stage

Comparatives with …and….
Comparatives with the and
the… the…
Superlative + present perfect
Modifying Comparison
We link two comparatives with
and something becomes
progressively greater in quality
or quantity.
We use more and more…less
and less.. or …-ier and …-ier
We use the+two comparatives
with more/less or-ier to show
the second part of the
sentence is the result of the
first.
We use the superlative
+present perfect to compare a
person/event to our
experience up to now
Ochoa spent hours practicing
to become more and more
accurate.
More and more difficult,less
and less energetic, happier
and happier
The more determined and
motivated you are, the more
successful you will be.
Many believe he is the finest
sprinter the world has ever
seen.

We modify comparative adjectives to show there is

A big difference between two We use much,a lot or far Tokyo is a lot more expensive
things. +comparative adjective +than than Mumbai
Use isn’t near or not nearly My university isn’t nearly as

Small difference between two
things.
No difference-one thing in
equal to another
+as +adjective +as:
Use a little bit or
slighty+comparative adjective:
Use not quite+as
+adjective+as:
Use just +as +adjective+as:
Use any in questions/
negatives +comparative
adjective
exclusive as people think.
My sister is a little shorter than
me.
The exam wasn’t quite as
difficult as last year
I’m just angry about it as you
are
Is the train any cheaper than
flying?

1 what is a lucky ritual?

Special action we allways carry on.

2 belive bring luck

3 feel unless unsious and more relax ,help in special when you feel nervous

Traveling favorite box, puck logash

Job interview lucky underwear ,lucky shoes

Exams ritual in bold head

Performing an stage

Belive in the lucky ritual can work because you feel power full1

2 its studying exams prepares you not lucky ritual

3THE UNEXPECTED QUESTIONS

4 the most stage actor

5 THE REASON WHY I’M STRESSED IS THAT ICAN’T SMOKE AT WORK.