WATER SUPPLY

AND
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
IN
(HIGH RISEBUILDINGS)

HIGH RISE
SUBMITTEDTO-
AR.ABHA
BUILDINGS
SUBMITTED BY-
AR.SALMAN
 WATER SUPPLY
A water supply system or water supply
network is a system of engineered
hydrologic and hydraulic components
which provide water supply.
TYPES OF WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

▪ DIRECT PUMPINGSYSTEM
▪ OVERHEADTANKSYSTEM
▪ HYDROPNEUMATICSYSTEM
▪ MULTIPLE STORAGE TANKSYSTEM
 DIRECT PUMPING/ SUPPLYSYSTEM

▪ Tanks must be sufficiently elevated to

achieve required pressure.

▪ This system is adopted when adequate

pressure is available round the clock at the
topmost floor. With limited pressure
available in most city mains, water from
direct supply is normally not available
above two or three floors.
 DIRECT PUMPING/ SUPPLYSYSTEM

▪ For proper operation of the system, the

gravity tank is located at least 30 ft or 10 m
above the highest outlet or consumer.

▪ In tall buildings it's necessary to use pressure

reducing valves in the lowest floors before
the fittings.
ADVANTAGES

➢ Extreme simplicity : There are no complicated or sophisticated

controls
➢ Most Reliable : It is the only system which has a available in
the event of the power or water supply failure
➢ Economical: Operating costs are much less and capital is
usually no higher than other systems.
➢ Minimum maintenance: Only requirement beyond terms is
periodic cleaning and possible repainting of the tank.
➢ Fewer pressure regulating valves are required for the
control system
➢ Provides additional reserve capacity for fire protection while
domestic water is available in addition to the fire reserve.
➢ Use less energy
DISADVANTAGES
▪ The tank must be elevated. Provision must be made on the
roof of the building to support the tank. A tank on the roof is
unslightly and if it is enclosed and dressed up, there is
additional architectural expense.

▪ The weight of the water and the tank can increase the
structural costs.

▪ Tanks require maintenance, periodic cleaning and painting

Is required.

▪ If the tank ruptures. A large quantity of water is released

which may cause damage.
OVERHEAD TANK SYSTEM
▪ Overhead tanks ensure both water pressure and
water supply in case of power failure.

▪ This solution requires pressure reduction valves on

each floor in order to avoid undesired high static
pressures at the tap, which creates unacceptable
noise while tapping.

▪ In this model the upper six floors require a

separate booster system in order to create
sufficient pressure.

▪ The static pressure there is too low due to the

insufficient geometric height to the roof tank.
ADVANTAGES
▪ Mature technology
▪ Only one discharge from booster set to top
▪ Space saving
▪ Less sensitive toelectricity fall-outs

DISADVANTAGES
▪ Water is pumped past where it’s required
▪ Insufficient pressure on the uppermost floors
▪ Excessive pressure on the lowest floors
▪ Pressure reduction valves have to be fitted
▪ Need for higher pressure grade of pipe work
▪ Space requirement for tank
▪ Risk of microbiological growth in roof tank
HYDROPNEUMATIC SYSTEM
▪ Is a modernization of the older gravity tank method
of water supply.

▪ Its main purpose is to control or boost a limited

supply pressure to a higher or more uniform value
so that a continuous and satisfactory water supply
will be available at all fixtures within the system.

▪ An airtight pressure vessel is installed on the line to

regulate the operation of the pumps. The vessel
capacity shall be based on the cut- in and cutout
pressure of the pumping system depending upon
allowable start/stops of the pumping system.
HYDROPNEUMATIC SYSTEM
▪ Is a modernization of the older gravity tank method
of water supply.

▪ Its main purpose is to control or boost a limited

supply pressure to a higher or more uniform value
so that a continuous and satisfactory water supply
will be available at all fixtures within the system.

▪ An airtight pressure vessel is installed on the line to

regulate the operation of the pumps. The vessel
capacity shall be based on the cut- in and cutout
pressure of the pumping system depending upon
allowable start/stops of the pumping system.
ADVANTAGES

➢ Does not have to be elevated

➢ Can be located anywhere in the building.
➢ Can save valuable space by being located outside the building
➢ It is not exposed to the outer elements.

DISADVANTAGES

➢ Inside corrosion of tank and piping is danger due to addition of air

in the tank.
➢ A pressure variation of 20 psi is normal in the system pressure.
➢ Pumps of higher head are required.
➢ Higher initial and operating costs than gravity system due to
pressure vessel type tank, higher head pumps and more
sophisticated controls.
➢ May take valuable space in the basement or other area.
MULTIPLE STORAGE TANKSYSTEM
▪ In this System Bldg is divided into sub zones of 8-10
floors.

▪ Domestic and Flusing Tanks are provided for such

zones independently on Service Floors.

▪ Suction Tank Capacity is taken as 1 day’s

Requirement.

▪ Connection to individual zones is either combined or

separate.
THANK YOU

Ref : -

Building Services by S M Patil