[1]

Malayalam e-Book on Indian

Astrology

Phaladeepika
of
Mantreswara

Malayalam Translation
Mullappilly
 [2]

Phaladeepika Malayalam Translation

Phaladeepika
Malayalam Translation

Book Category : Science / Astronomy (Jyotisha –

Pramanabhaga)
Sub-categoty : Predictive astrology (Jyotisha – Phalabhaga)

Authored by Mantreswara
Translated from Sanskrit to Malayalam
(language of Kerala, South India)
by Mullappilly

Size : B5 14.8 cm x 21 cm
Approx. 508 pages
ISBN-13: 9781500779238 (CreateSpace assigned)
ASIN: B00LKWZ3HM (Amazon KDP assigned)

First eBook KDP edition May ,2020

Rigts reserved
mparameswaran48@gmail.com

*This book is dedicated to the memory of Mantreswara, the Guru

and also my parents Krishnan Elayath and Nangeli Antharjanam

tPymXnjw
 [3]

^e-Zo-]nI

at{´-iz-c³
 [4]

{KÙkqNn
^eZo]nIbpsS hymJym\§Ä

1. än. F³. \mWp]nÅ Bim³,

Fkv. Sn. BÀ. ]»nt¡j³kv, sImÃw.
(10th Edition )

2. Dr. G. S. Kapoor,
Ranjan Publications, New Delhi (1991)

3. Pandit Gopesh Kumar Ojha and Pandit Ashutosh Ojha,

Motilal Banarsidass Publishers, Delhi. (2008)

4. sNdphÅn \mcmbW³ \¼qXncn,

tZhn _p¡v ÌmÄ, sImSp§ÃqÀ (2009)

aäp {KÙ§Ä
1. i_vZXmcmhen -þ {ioIWvtTizcw Pn. ]ß\m`]nÅ
2. tPymXnj\nLp þ HmW¡qÀ i¦cKWI³

IqSmsX, tlmcmimkv{Xw, PmXI]mcnPmXw, PmXImtZiw, {]iv\

amÀ¤w XpS§nb \nch[n KÙ§fpw tUm._n.hn.cma³, F³.C.ap¯p
kzman XpS§nb B[p\nI BNmcy·mcpsS ]pkvXI§fpw Cu XÀÖa
bpsS cN\bn D]tbmKn¨n«pv.
 [5]


 [6]

DÅ-S¡w

Cu ]pkvXIs¯¡pdn¨v... 7
Ah-Xm-cnI 9
A²ymbw 1 þ kwÚm²ymbw 19
A²ymbw 2 þ {Klt`Zm²ymbw 41
A²ymbw 3. þ hÀ¤§fpw Awi§fpw 71
A²ymbw 4 : jUv_ew 102
A²mybw 5. þ IÀ½-mPo-h-{]-I-cWw 153
A²mybw 6 þ tbmK-§Ä 160
A²ymbw 7 þ kzXxkn²cmPtbmK§Ä 206
A²ymbw 8 þ `mhm{i-b-^ew- 224
A²ymbw 9 . {Kl§Ä cmin-I-fn 254
A²ymbw 10 þþ Ggmw `mhNn´ 266
 [7]

A²ymbw 11 þþ kv{XoPmXIw 278

A²ymbw 12 þ ]p{XNn´ 28 6
A²ymbw 13 þ BbpÀ\nÀ®bw 304
A²ymbw 14 320
(tcmKw, acWw, Ignª P·w, ASp¯ P·w)
A²ymbw 15 þ `mh-Nn-´m-hn[n 338
A²ymbw 16 þ `mh^ew 358
A²ymbw 17 þ \ncymW{]IcWw 376
A²ymbw 18 þ Zzn{K-l-tbm-K^e§fpw 388
A²ymbw 19 þ Zim-^ew 400
A²ym-bw 20 þ `mhm-[n-]- Z-im-^ew 416
A²ymbw 21 þ A-]-lm-c-^-ew 445
A²ymbw 22 þ BbpÀ±mbZiIÄ 481
A²mbw 23 þ AjvSIhÀ¤w 513
A²ymbw 24 --AjvSIhÀ¤w (XpSÀ¨) 532
A²ymbw 25. D]-{K-l§Ä 555
A²ymbw 26 - Nmc-^ew 575
A²ymbw 27k\ymktbmK§Ä 604
A²ymbw 28 - D]kwlmcw 608
IS-]-bmZn A£ckwJy 61 1
{Kl-§-fpsS an{X i{Xp ka _Ô-§Ä 611


 [8]

Cu ]pkvXIs¯¡pdn¨v...

`mcXobtPymXnj¯n\p KWnXw, kwlnX, tlmc F¶n§s\ aq¶p

kvIÔ§fpv. ip²KWnXhpw {Kl§fpsS Øm\\nÀ®b ¯n\pÅ
KW\mk{¼Zmb§fpamWv KWnXkvIÔ¯n hcp¶Xv. Cu `mKamWv
]n¶oSp tPymXnÈmkv{Xw (Astronomy) Bbn¯oÀ¶Xv. kwlnX, tlmc
F¶o kvIÔ§fn hcp¶ Imcy§fmWv C¶s¯ tPymXnjw (Astrology).
tlmcmkvIÔamWv tPymXnj¯nse Gähpw {]m[m\yhpw
{]NmchpapÅ `mKw. aplqÀ¯w, {]iv\w, \nan¯w, PmXIw F¶n
§s\ \mep `mK§fmbn CXns\ Xncn¨ncn¡p¶p.

HcmfpsS P\\kabs¯ {KlØnXn ASnØm\am¡n AbmfpsS

PohnX ¯nse `qXþhÀ¯am\þ`mhnImekw`h§Ä {]hNn¡m\pÅ
D]m[nbmWv PmXIw. PmXI¯nsâ ASnkvYm\w IÀ½kn²m´amWv.
HcmÄ Hcp {]hÀ¯n sNbvXm C¶sæn \msf AbmÄ AXnsâ ^ew
A\p`hn¡pw F¶XmWv IÀ½ kn²m´w.

PmXIkw_Ôambn \nch[n {KÙ§Ä \nehnepv. AXn hn]pehpw

AXnk¦oÀ®hpamb Hcp hn`mKamWnXv. Hcml anlnc³ (F.Un Bdmw
\qämv) Xsâ Ime¯p e`yambncp¶ FÃm tlmcm{KÙ§fpw kw{Kln¨v
tlmcmimkv{Xw AYhm _rlÖmXIw F¶ Hcp {KÙw cNn¨n«pv .
PmXIhn`mK¯n C¶p In«mhp¶ {KÙ§fnÂsh¨v Gähpw
{]NmcapÅXv CXpXs¶bmWv. AÀ° _mlpeyapÅ 386 tÇmI§fmWv
 [9]

CXnepÅXv. Hmtcm tÇmI¯n\pw ]e AÀ°§fpw Ahbn hnhn[amb

kqN\Ifpapv. \qä¼Xn¸cw hymJym\§Ä CXn\p mbn«ps¶p ]
dbpt¼mįs¶ Cu {KÙ¯nsâ aqeyhpw Kl\Xbpw hyàamIp¶ptÃm.
Zim²ymbn, hnhcWw XpS§nb AXnsâ hymJym\§Ä¡pXs¶ kzX{´
{KÙ§fpsS ]Zhn e`n¨n«pv. IqSmsX, ]pcmW§fpsS coXnbnÂ
FgpXs¸« _rlXv]cmictlmc (F«mw \qämv), kmcmhen (]¯mw\qämv),
^eZo]nI 14(?)- \qämv), PmXI]mcnPmXw (]Xn\©mw\qämv)
XpS§n al¯pw _rl¯pamb \nch[n {KÙ §Ä PmXIhnjb¯nÂ
{]NmctadnbhbmWv. Chtbmtcm¶pw AXmXp ImetZi§Ä¡\pkcn¨
{]tXyIXIfpw Hu¶Xyhpw ]peÀ¯p¶hbpamWv.

^eZo]nI cNn¡s¸«Xv ]Xnaq¶mw \qämntem, ]Xn\mdmw

\qämntem F¶ Imcyw XÀ¡hnjbamWv. AXpt]mse {KÙ IÀ¯mhmb
at{´izcs\ ¡pdn¨pw A`n{]mbhyXymk§fpv. At±l¯nsâ t]À
amÀ¡mtÞb`«{Xncn F¶msWWpw, aebmf {_mÒW\msW¶pw AXÃ
t]À amÀ¡mtÞb`«À F¶msWpw Xangv\m«pImc\msW¶pw
A`n{]mb§fpv. AXv Hcp]t£ kqNn¸n¡p¶Xv tIcfhpw Xangv\mSpw
H¶mbn¡nS¶ Hcp Imes¯bmbncn¡mw. `mjbpsS Imcy¯n ^eZo]nI,
PmXI ]mcn PmXt¯¡mÄ {]mNo\amWv. AsX´mbmepw, a{´izc³
Pohn¨Xv Xncps\ÂthenbnemsW¶Xn\v ^eZo]nIbn¯s¶ kqN\Ifpv.
k\ymkw kzoIcn¨v At±lw tZimS\w \S¯nsb¶pw Xncns¨¯n
Ahkm\\mfpIÄ Xncps\Âthenbn¯s¶ Ign¨psh¶pw ]dbs¸Sp¶p

^eZo]nIbv¡p aäp tPymXnj{KÙ§sf At]£n¨v ]e {]tXyIXIfpap-

v. {][m\ambpw tlmcmimkv{X¯nset¸mse {]uV Kw`ocamb
tÇmI§fn Imcy§Ä HXp¡n¸dbp¶ DZm¯amb BJym\coXnXs¶. ]e
tÇmI§fpw A]qÀhkpµc§fmWv. AXp t]mse DÅS¡¯nsâ Imcy¯nepw
^eZo]nI ^etPymXnj¯nsâ Hcp F³sskt¢m]oUnbt]msebmWv. aäp
{KÙ§fn ]dbm¯tXm kqNn¸n¡Pi am{Xtam sNbvX ZpÀLSamb
Imcy§Ä CXn hfsc efnXambpw hniZambpw hnhcn¨n«pv.
DZmlcW¯n\v ImeN{IZi, AjvShÀ¤w, D]{Kl§fpsS kzm[n\w,
Nmc^ew XpS§nbhXs¶ aXnbmIpw. cminIÄ, `mh§Ä, {Kl§Ä,
{Kl_ew, `mh_ew, eá^ew, `mh^ew, {Kl§Ä `mh§fn \n¶mepÅ
^e§Ä, kv{Xo PmXIw, ]p{XtbmKw, BbpÊvþtcmKwþacWw
F¶nh \nÀ®bn¡m\pÅ hnhn[ amÀ¤§Ä, ^e§fpsS kab\nÀ®b¯n\pXIp¶
 [10]

Nmc^ew F¶n§s\ \nch[n Imcy§Ä ^eZo]nIbn hnkvXcn¨p

{]Xn]mZn¨n«pv.

Ah-Xm-cnI

FÃm ]ucm-WnIkwkvIm-c-§-fnepw Hcp-hn-[-¯n-e-sÃ-¦nÂ

asämcp hn[-¯n {]mNo-\-Imew apX¡p-Xs¶ tPymXnjw \ne-\n-¶n-
cp-¶p. CXn FÃm-bn-S¯pw {Kl-§-fp-tSbpw \£-{X-§-fp-tSbpw
kzm[o-\-¯n\p {]m[m\yw sImSp-¯n-cp-¶p-sh-¦nepw hni-Zmw-i-§-
fn-tebv¡p IS-¡p-t¼mÄ Ah sshhn-[yhpw sshcp-²yhpw {]I-S-am-¡n-
bn-cp-¶p. `mcX¯nse ØnXn ]dbpIbmsW¦nÂ- AYÀÆ-th-Z-¯nÂ
ImWp¶ GXm\pw ^e-tPym-Xnjkq-N-\-I-sfm-gn-¨m thZIm-es¯
tPymXnjw XnI¨pw tPymXn-Èm-kv{X-]-c-am-bn-cp-¶p.
^etPymXnjw \ne\n-¶ncp-¶psh¦n¯--s¶- AXp aplqÀ¯Imcy§fnÂ-
am{X ambn HXp§n\nÂ-¡pIbpw sNbvXncp-¶p.
sslµhtPymXnÈmkv{X¯nsâ BZyImeNcn{Xs¯ kw_ Ôn¨nS
t¯mfw AXn{][m\ambXv bPpÀthZhymJym\§fmWv. EtKzZ¯n \£
{X§sf¡pdn¨p ]dbp-¶ps¦nepw Ccp] t¯tgm Ccp]s¯t«m hcp¶ AhbpsS ]
qÀ®t{iWn {]Xy £s¸Sp-¶Xv bPpÀthZhymJym\§fnemWv.
.thZImetPymXnÈm kv{X¯nsâ kz`mhhpw hfÀ¨bpw a\Ênem¡p¶XnÂ
AYÀh thZw klmbn¡p¶n-Ã. AtXkabw tPymXnÈmkv{Xkw_Ôamb
^e§sf kqNn¸n¡p-¶ Nne `mK§Ä AXn AhnShnsS ImWp¶pp
Xm\pw. kqcy{KlWw, BZyambn cmlphnsâ ]cmaÀiw, ]Xnaq-¶mw
amk¯nsâ hn\ymkw, A`nPn¯v AS¡w Ccp]¯nsb«p \£{X§fpsS ]«nI
CsX-Ãmw B {KÙ¯nepv.
thZmw-K-§Ä thZ]p-cp-jsâ AwK-§fmWv. AXm-bXv hymI-
c-Ww apJhpw, tPymXn-jw t\{X-§fpw, \ncp-àw t{im{X-§fpw, in-
 [11]

£ \mknIbpw, I¸w ]mWnIfpw, Oµ-Êv ]mZ-§fpam-Wv. AwK-§-

fn I®n-\pÅ {]m[m\yw IW-¡n-se-Sp-¡p-t¼mÄ tPmXnjw
thZmwK-§-fn {]ap-J-am-sW¶p ImWmw. F¶mÂ, thZ-]p-cp-jsâ t\
{X-amb B -thZmwKtPym-Xn-j-aà C¶p tPymXnjw F¶ t]cn-e-dn-b-
s¸-Sp-¶-Xv.
\ap¡pÅ cp tPymXnjthZmwK§fn H-¶p \m¸¯naq-
¶pkqà§fnembn bPpÀthZhymJym\¯nepw asäm¶p ap¸¯nbmdv kqà
§fnembn EtKzZhymJym\¯nepw ImWs¸Sp-¶Xp XnI¨pw
tPymXnÈmkv{X ]camWv F¶p ]WvVn-X-aXw
C¶v kzX-{´hpw hyXykvXhpamb cp imJ-I-fmbm-Wv
tPymXn-Èm-kv{Xhpw tPymXn-jhpw Adnbs¸Sp-¶-sX-¦nepw `mc-
Xo-b-coXn A\p-k-cn¨v Ah cp hnj-b-§f-Ã, Htc Hcp imkv{X ¯nsâ cp
`mK§Äam{XamWv. tPymXn-Èm-kv{Xw KWn-X-am-sW¦nÂ,
tPymXn-jw tPymXn-Èm-kv{Xw ASn-Øm-\-am-¡n-bpÅ ^e-{]-h-
N-\-co-Xn-bmWv F¶p-am{Xw. ^e{]hN\w kq£vaam¡m\pÅ
tPymXnÀ¤WnX]camb ]cn{ia§Ä hmkvXh¯n tPymXnÈm
kv{X¯nsâ hfÀ¨bn Imcyamb ]¦p hln¨n«papv.
C¶s¯ `mc-Xo-b-tPym-Xn-jw \ne\n¡p-¶Xv {][m-\-ambpw
IÀ½-kn-²m-´w, {Kl-§Ä, cmin-IÄ, \£-{X-§Ä F¶o \mep XqWp-I-fn-
t·-em-Wv. CXn IÀ½kn²m-´hpw AXnsâ XpSÀ¨-bmb ]p\ÀÖ·kn²m
´-hpw `mc-Xob-tPym-Xn-j-¯nsâ- Hcp {]tXy-I-X-bmWv. IÀ½-kn-
²m´w XpS¡wapXte `mc-Xo-b-ZÀi-\-§-fpsS s]mXp-ap-J-ap-{Z-bp-
am-Wv. CXp hmkvX-h-¯n GXp {Inbbv¡pw Xpeyhpw FXnÀZn-
i-bn-ep-Å-Xp-amb {]Xn-{Inb Dm-bn-cn¡pw F¶ \nb-a-¯nsâ
ZmÀi-\n-I-hiwXs¶-bm-Wv. F¶m tPym-Xn-js¯ ]p\ÀÖ·hnizmkhp-
ambn tImÀ¯n-W¡nbXv C´y³ tPymXn-jn-IfpsS hensbmcp
X{´ambncp-¶psh¶ A`n{]mbhpw NneÀ ¡pv. `mcXob tPymXnj¯n\v
A¶s¯ BNmcy·mÀ hfsc X{´]cambn IÀ½kn²m´¯nsâ ASn¯d \ÂIn F¶
Cu hmZ¯nt\¡mÄ _etadp-¶Xv ZmÀi\nIASn¯dbn ]nd¶p hfÀ¶
`mcXob tPymXnjw ]n¡me¯v sshtZinItPymXnjs¯ ¡qSn DÄs¡m-
XmWv F-¶ Nn´bv¡mWv.
HcmÄ Hcp {]hr¯n sNbvXm C¶-sÃ-¦n \msf, Cu P·-¯n-
esæn ASp¯ P·-¯nÂ, AbmÄ AXnsâ ^ew A\p-`-hn¡pw F¶ hnizm-
k-amWv -IÀ½-kn-²m-´¯n\-Sn-kvYm\w. ChnsS IÀ½w F¶m IÀ½-
^eamWv. {]hÀ¯nbpw AXnsâ ^ehpw Xs¶. i_vZhpw amsäm-enbpw
 [12]

t]mse. \ÃXp sNbvXm \·bpw sXäp sNbvXm in£bpw In«psa-¶

hnizmk¯nsâbpw ]pWy]m]§fnÂ- A[njvTnXamb kzÀ¤\cI§fpsSbpw
ASnØm \hpw CXpXs-¶. C¡mcy¯nv hyàamb Hcp hniZoIcWw
Xs¶ {]iv\amÀ¤¯nepv.

1. kzIÀ½-^ew A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-th-n-bm-Wv P´p-¡Ä P\n-¡p-

¶Xv. Cu tZlw-sImv Cu P·-¯n A\p-`-hn¨p XoÀ¡-mhp¶
IÀ½§Ä({]m-cm-_v[-IÀ½w)Xocpt¼mÄ _m¡n IÀ½w A\p-`-hn-¡p-
¶-Xn-\mbn tZln Cu tZlw hn«p asämcp tZls¯ {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
2. Ignª P·-§-fn D]-Nn-X-amb, k¼mZn¡s¸«, ip`hpw Aip-`hpw Bb,
IÀ½-§fpsS ]wàn-sb, Iq«-s¯, -Ccp-«n hnf¡v hkvXp-¡sf ImWn¨p
Xcp-¶-Xp-t]mse Cu tPymXn-Èmkv{Xw hyRvPn-¸n-¡p-¶p.
3. ]qÀh-P-·-¯n BÀÖn-X-amb IÀ½w ip`-am-bn-cp-¶mepw Aip`-
am-bn-cp-¶mepw Cu P·-¯n Ah \ÂIp¶ ^e-§sf kqNn-¸n-¡p-IbmWv
{Kl-§Ä sN¿p-¶-Xv.
4. ip`hpw Aip`hpw Bb aplqÀ¯§fn sN¿s¸Sp¶ IÀ½§Ä kpJZpJ§Ä¡p
ImcWamIp-¶p. C§s\bpÅ IÀ½^ew Nnet¸mÄ IÀ½w sN¿p-¶bmfpsS
P·m´c¯ntem aäp Nnet¸mÄ AbmfpsS ]n³KmanIÄ t¡m h¶p `hn¡mw.
{Kl§Ä ^ew \ÂIp-¶n-Ã, kqNn¸n¡pIam{XamWv sN¿p-¶sX-
¶p hcpt¼mÄ, {Kl§sf {]oXns¸Sp¯p-¶Xn\pthn ]qPIfpw
hgn]mSpIfpw \S¯p¶Xpw b{´§fpw cXv\§fpw [cn¡p¶Xpw shdpw
hnizmkw am{XamsW¶p hcp¶p. AXpt]mse ip`aplqÀ¯n sN¿p¶
Imcyw kpJ¯n\pw Aip`aplqÀ¯¯n sN¿p¶ Imcyw ZpJ¯n\pw
ImcWamIp-¶psh¶ aplqÀ¯\nbaw PmXI tPymXnj¯nsâ ASnØm\amb
IÀ½kn²m´hpambn s]mcp¯ s¸Sp¶ns-öpw ImWmhp¶ XmWv.
CXn\p ImcWw, Ct¸mÄ Hcp IpS¡ognemsW¦nepw cpw h¶Xv cp
hi¯p\n¶pamWv F¶XmWv. AXmbXv aqlqÀ¯w hnIkn¨ph¶Xv
bÚmhiy§fnÂ\n¶pw PmXIw hfÀ¶Xv `mhnbdnbm\pÅ a\pjysâ
PnÚmk bnÂ\n¶pamWv. H-¶p sshZnIcpw aäXv
tPymÕy·mcpamWv ssIImcyw sNbvXncp¶Xv. F¶mÂ- cp
Iq«À¡pw KWnX{InbIÄ¡p tPymXn Èmkv{X Úsc B{ibnt¡n h¶p.
`mc-XobtPymXn-j-¯n\p KWn-Xw, kwln-X, tlmc F¶n-§s\
aq¶p kvIÔ-§-fp-v. ip²-K-Wn-Xhpw{Kl-§-fpsSØm\-w \nÀ®-b-
¯n-\pÅ KW-\m-k-{¼-Zm-b-§-fp-amWv KWn-X-kvI-Ô-¯n hcp-¶-
Xv. Cu `mK-amWv ]n¶oSv tPymXn-Èmkv{Xw Bbn-¯oÀ¶-Xv.
kwln-X, tlmc F¶o kvIÔ-§-fn hcp¶ ^e-kw-_-Ô-amb Imcy-§-fmWv
 [13]

C¶s¯ tPymXnjw. Cu tPymXn Èmkv{Xw aq-¶p kvIÔ§tfmSpw Bdv

AwK §tfmSpw IqSnbXmIp-¶p. aq-¶p kvI豈 KWnXw, kwlnXm,
tlmcm F-¶nhbpw, Bdv AwK§Ä PmXIw, tKmfw, \nan¯w, {]iv\w,
aplqÀ¯w, KWnXw F-¶nhbpamIp-¶p.
tKmfhpw KWnXhpw KWnXkvIÔ¯n hcp¶p. \nan¯w
tlmcm kvIÔ¯nepw kwlnXmkvIÔ¯nepw Dv. aäp aq¶v AwK§fpw
(PmXIw, {]iv\w, aplqÀ¯w F¶nh) tlmcmkvIÔ ¯nemWv
DÅXv.CXpIqSmsX tPymXnÈmkv{Xs¯ {]amW`mKsa¶pw
^e`mKsa¶pw cp `mK§fmbpw ]dbp¶pv. CXn {]amWw
KWnX`mKhpw ^ew ^e`mKhpamIp¶p. Cu cp `mK§fmWv t\cs¯ ]dª
tPymXnÈmkv{Xhpw tPymXnjhpw.cmjv{So- b- Im-cy-§Ä,
kmw{I-an-I-tcm-K-§Ä, hfÀ¯p arK-§Ä¡v Dm-hm-\n-S-bpÅ tZmj-
§Ä XpS§n At\Iw Imcy-§Ä ap³Iq«n Adn-bm-\pÅ hn[n-IÄ kwln-
Xm-kvIÔ-¯n-emWp hcp-¶-Xv. {Kl-Øn-Xn, [qa-tI-Xp, {]Im-i-h-e-
b-§Ä, A{]-Xo-£n-X-amb kw`-h-§Ä XpS-§n-b-hsb ASn-Øm-\-am-
¡n-bmWv C¯cw {]h-N-\-§Ä \S-¯s¸Sp-¶-Xv.
tlmcm-kvI-Ô-amWv tPymXn-j-¯nse Gähpw {]m[m-\yhpw
{]Nm-c-hp-apÅ `mKw. CXn\p aplqÀ¯w, {]iv\w, \nan-¯w, PmXIw
F¶n-§s\ \mep `mK-§fp v. hnZym-cw-`w, D]-\-b-\w, hnhmlw XpS-
§nb awK-f-IÀ½-§Ä \à ka-b-¯p sNbvXm \à ^ew Dm-Ip-sa-
¶mWv hnizm-kw. C§-s\-bpÅ \à ka-b-s¯-bmWv aplqÀ¯w F¶ ]Zw-
sIm-p-t±-in-¡p-¶-Xv. {]iv\-w ( tNmZyw þ HcmÄ¡v Adn-tb hnj-bw)
kw-_-Ôn¨ FÃm Imcy-§fpw {]iv\-sa¶ hn`m-K-¯n s]Sp-¶p. Fs´-
¦nepw Imcyw Adn-bm³ B{K-ln-¡p¶ HcmÄ tPymÕys\ kao-]n¨v
{]iv\w (tNm-Zyw) D¶bn-¡p-t¼mÄ B ka-bs¯ {Kl-Øn-Xn, B Øe-
¯nsâ {]tXy-I-X-IÄ, tNmZyw tNmZn-¡p¶ Bfnsâ tNjvS-IÄ, hm¡p-IÄ,
hkv{X-[m-cWw XpS-§n-b-h, At¸mÄ Dm-Ip¶ kw`-h-§Ä, B ka-b¯p
aäp-Å-hÀ ]d-bp¶ hm¡p-IÄ XpS§n Ht«sd Imcy-§Ä {i²n¨pw ]cn-K-
Wn-¨p-amWv tPymÕy³ {]iv\-^-e-§Ä kzcq-]n-¡p-¶-Xv. {]iv\w,
AjvS-aw-K-e-{]-iv\w, tZh-{]-iv\w, Xmw_q-e-{]-iv\w F¶n-§s\
{]iv\w Xs¶ ]e Xc-¯n-ep-v.- Duln¨p Imcy§Ä Is¯m\pÅ IgnhnemWv
{]iv\¯nsâ hnPbw ØnXnsN¿pXv. F-¶m {Kl-\n-esb ASn-Øm-\-am-
¡n-bp-Å-X-Ãm¯Xn\v A¸pd¯pÅsXm¶pwXs¶ tPymXn-j-aà F¶mWv
B[p-\nI tPymXn-j-]-ÞnX·mcpsS aXw.GsX-¦nepw Imcyw XpS-§p-
t¼m-tgm, Hcp hgn¡p t]mIp-t¼mtgm, Fs´-¦nepw Imcy-km-²y-
¯n-\mbn Hcmsf ImWm³ Cd-§p-t¼mtgm ImWp-Ibpw tIÄ¡p-Ibpw
 [14]

sN¿p¶ Imcy-§Ä IW-¡n-se-Sp¯v {]h-N\w \S-¯p¶ k{¼Zm-b-

amWv \nan¯w F¶ hn`m-K-¯nse NÀ¨mhnj-bw. Hcm-fpsS P\-\-k-a-
bs¯ {Kl-ØnXn ASn-Øm-\-am¡n Abm-fpsS Pohn-X-¯nse `qXþ-
hÀ¯-am-\-þ`m-hn-Im-e-kw-`-h-§Ä {]h-Nn-¡m-\pÅ D]m-[n-bmWv
PmX-Iw.
tPymXn-Èm-kv{X-¯n (tPym-Xn-j-¯n-epw) `qan¡p Npäp-
apÅ BIm-is¯ `qa-²y-tc-Jbv¡p kam-´-c-amb 360 Un{Kn Npä-f-hpÅ
Hcp hr¯-ambn k¦Â¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. CXmWv cmin-a-WvUew AYhm
cmin-N{Iw. hr¯m-Ir-Xn-bm-b-Xn-\m Cu cmin-N-{I-¯n\v Hcp
XpS-¡tam HSp-¡tam CÃ. F¦nepw KWn-X-ku-I-cy-¯n-\p-thn
tajmZn F¶ Hcp Øm\w CXnsâ Bcw-`-_n-µp-hmbn k¦Â¸n¨ncn¡p¶p.
XpSÀ¶v Cu km¦Â¸n-I-hr-¯s¯ tajm-Zn-_n-µp-hnÂ\n¶pw Bcw-`n-¡p-
¶, ap¸Xp Un{Kn-ho-X-ap-Å, ]{´v ka-`m-K-§-fmbn Xncn-¨n-cn-¡p-
¶p. CXmWv cmin-IÄ. CXp-t]mse 360 Un{Kn-bpÅ Cu cminN{Is¯
Ccp-]-t¯gp ka-`m-K-§-fmbn Xncn-¨-XmWv Ccp-]-t¯gp \£-{X-§Ä.
taSw cmin-ap-X¡p XpS-§p¶, ]{´p cmin-I-fpÅ, cmin- N-
{Ihpw (30T x 12 cmin = 360T ) AizXn \£{Xw apX¡p XpS§p¶,
Ccp-]-t¯gp \£-{X-§-fpÅ, \£-{X-N-{Ihpw (13T -þ20‘x 27 \£{Xw =
360T)X½n-epÅ ka-\z-b-amWv hcmlanlcsâ tlmcmimkv{X¯nse
tajmizn {]Yam \hÀ£NcWm N{IØnXm cmib F-¶p XpS§p-¶
hnhcWw. Hcp \£-{X-¯n H¼Xp ]mZ-§-sf¶ {Ia-¯n 108 \£-
{X-]m-Z-§-fS§p¶ \£-{X-]m-Z-N-{Ihpw (3T -þ20‘ x 9 x 12
=360T) CXp-X-s¶-bm-Ip-¶p. `mc-Xo-b-tPym-Xnjw \£-{X-hn-
`P\¯n-e-[n-jvTn-X-am-bn-cp-¶p-sh¶pw cminhn`-P\w ]n¶oSv h¶-
Xm-sW¶pw Hc-`n-{]m-b-w \nehnep-v.{Ko¡v]Z-§Ä AtX-]Sn kzoI-
cn-¡p-t¼mÄ ¯s¶ kuc-cm-in-hyh-Øsb Bkv]-Z-am-¡n-bpÅ
{Ko¡vtPymÕys¯ Nm{µ-Xm-c-hy-h-Øsb Bkv]-Z-am-¡n-bpÅ C´y³
tPymXn-j-hp-ambn CW-¡n-t¨À¡p-¶-Xn- hcm-l³ hln¨ ]¦v \nkvXp-e-
am-Wv F¶pw I3-Wp-¶p.. B-Sv, Imf, ]Ip-Xn -Ip-Xn-c-bmb a\p-jy³,
am\ns\ ]IpXn hngp-§nb apXe XpS-§nb cq] §tfmSpIqSnb cmin-IÄ
_m_n temWnbbnÂ-\n¶pw {Kokphgn `mcX ¯nse¯nbXmsW¶ hmZ
¯n Hcp ]pXpabpanà ISenÂ-¡qSn tZimS\w \S¯nbncp-¶
hntZihWn¡pIÄ Znibdnbm³ thn \£{X¡q« §Ä¡p \Â-Inb t]cpIfmWv ]
nÂ-¡me¯v cmin\ma§fmbn amdnbXv F¶Xv Hs«ms¡ AwKoIcn¡s¸«
 [15]

ImcyhpamWv.IqSp-XÂ IrXy-amb ^e{]h-N-\-¯n-\p-thn \½psS ]

qÀhn-IÀ Nne sshtZ-inIkn²m-´-§Ä kzoIcn¨n«p-s-¦n¡qSnAXnÂ-
Hcm]IX Ds-¶v Bcpw ]d-bp-I-bn-Ã.. Úmt\m-Z-b-¯n\v tZi-Im-e-§-
fn-Ã. tPymXnjImcy§fn bh\·mcpw tami¡mcm bncp-¶n-à F¶p
{]iv\amÀ¤hpw km£ys¸Sp¯p¶p. AXp-sImv CsXÃmw ]p \S¶ ss[j-
Wn-I-amb sImÅ-s¡m-Sp-¡-ep-I-fpsS Xncp-ti-jn-¸p-I-fmbn Icp-Xn
I®Sbv¡mhp¶XpamWv. F-¶m CtXmsS asäm¶p kw`hn¡p¶p.
`mcXobtPymXnjw CuizchmWnbmsW¶pw thZ§fpsS I®msW-¶p
alÀjnamÀ ZnhyZrjvSnsImp Is¯nbXmsW¶psams¡bpÅ AhImi
hmZ§Ä ASntbmsS ]ngpXp hogp-¶p AtXm-sS, ap¸Xp Un{Kn ]
cn[nbpÅ cminbpw ]Xnaq-¶p Un{Kn Ccp]Xp an\näv ]cn[nbpÅ \£
{Xhpw AhbpsS IcIXz§fpsaÃmw hniz-k-\o-b-amb asämcp ASn-
Øm\w tXtS--Xmbpw hcp¶p.B[p-\n-I-imkv{Xw B _nµp-hn-
tebv¡vASp-¯p-sIm-n-cn-¡p-I-bmWv F¶-Xn\p kqN-\-I-fp-v. (sF³Ìosâ
ka-hm-Iy-§-fn tPymXn-j-¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\hpw Hfn-ªn-cn¸ptm þþ
s{]m.-kp-[m-I-c³)

`mcXobtPymXnj¯nÂ- {Kl§Ä¡p ssZhnIØm\amWv DÅXv.

tPymXn-Èm-kv{X¯n _p[³, ip{I³, `qan, sNmÆ, hymgw, i\n F¶n§s\
Bdmbncp-¶p {Kl-§Ä. ]n¶oSv bpdm-\-kv, s\]vSyq¬, ¹qt«m F¶o
{Kl-§Ä Ip ]nSn-¨-t¸mÄ AXv H¼-Xm-hp-Ibpw ASp¯ Ime¯v Ah-
bn-sem¶nsâ {Kl-Øm\w \jvS-s¸-«-t¸mÄ F«mbn Ipd-bp-Ibpw
sNbvXp. F¶m tPymXn-j-¯nse {Kl-§-fpsS \nÀÆ-N\w asäm-¶m-
Wv. AXp-{]-Imcw `qan-bnepw `qan-bnse ka-kvX-Po-h-Pm-e-
§fnepw kzm[o\w sNep-¯p¶ {][m-\-tKm-f-§sf-Ãmw-Xs¶ {Kl-sa¶
hm¡nÂs¸-Sp-¶p. Hcp \£-{X-amb kqcy\pw `qan-bpsS D]-{K-l-amb
N{µ\pw ZrjvSn-tKm-N-c-a-Ãm¯ cmlp-tI-Xp-¡-fp-saÃmw `mc-Xo-
b-tPym-Xn-j-¯n {Kl-§-fm-Wv. {KlWapm¡p¶Xp N{µ-tâbpw
`qan-bp-tSbpw \ng-ep-IfmsW-¶ncns¡ Hcp cq]hpan-Ãm¯, Hcp
Xc¯nepÅ ssNX\ytam AkvXnXztam CÃm¯, Chbvs¡§s\ `uXnI
hkvXp¡sf \nb{´n¡m³ Ignbpw? CXpw D¯can-Ãm¯ Hcp tNmZyambn
Ct¸mgpw Ahtijn¡p¶p. Fs¶¦nepw Hcn-¡Â CXn\pw D¯cw In«m-Xn-
cn-¡p-I-bn-Ã .tPymXn-Èm-kv{X-¯n\v AÚm-X-amb Kpfn-I³ AYhm
amµn F¶ Hcp KWn-X-_n-µphpw tIcf-¯n {Kl-Øm\w Ae-¦-cn-¡p-
¶p-v. Cu amµn¡v D¯-tc-´y-bn D]-{K-l-Øm-\ta DÅq. AXp-sImv
AXns\ PmX-I-¯n AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯m-dp-an-Ã. amµnbpw Kpfn-
 [16]

I\pw H¶-Ã, cm-sW¶ Hc-`n-{]m-b-hpw \ne-hn-ep-v. KpfnI\v

{]iv\¯n hfsc {][m\amb Hcp Øm\apv. cmlp tIXp IÄ¡v \ngepIfpsS
ASnØm\w ]dbmsa¦nÂ, KqfnI\v A§ns\ Hcp ]n³_ewIqSn
AhImi¸Sm\n-Ã.
tPymXn-Èm-kv{Xhpw tPymXn-jhpw X½n asämcp {]
[m-\-Im-cy-¯n¡qSn hyXym-k-ap-v. tPymXn-j-¯n cmin-N-{I-
¯nsâ tI{µ-_n-µp-hmbn IW-¡m-¡p-¶Xp `qan-sb-bm-Wv. AXm-bXv
`qan-bpsS Øm\¯p kqcy-t\bpw kqcysâ Øm\¯p `qan-tbbpw ]c-kv]cw
amän Øm]n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p. CtXm-sS `qan-bpsS Ne\w kqcy\pw
kqcysâ \nÝ-em-hØ `qan¡pw e`n-¡p-¶p. \-ap¡v Imcy-§Ä {]Xy-£-am-
Ip-¶Xv A§n-s\-bm-W-tÃm F-¶mWv hniZoIcWw.. F¶m CXv Hcp
Xc-¯nepw imkv{Xo-b-amIp-¶nÃ. kqcy³ `qan¡p Npäpw Id-§p-I-
bm-sW¶p hniz-kn¨ Ime-¯p-m-¡nb \nbaw, `qan kqcys\ Npäp-I-bm-
sW-¶-dn-ªn«pw Xncp¯m³ Ign-hp-Å-hÀ apt¶m«p h¶nà F¶Xpw Hcp
Imc-W-am-Imw..
.cmin, t£{Xw, Krlw, E£w, `w, `h\w F¶nh Htc AÀ°¯n-epÅ
kwÚ-I-fmWv F¶v hcm-l-tlm-c-bn ]d-bp-¶p-s-¦nepw ]n¶osS-
t¸mtgm cmin-N-{I-¯nÂ\n¶pw hyXy-kvX-amb `mh-N{Iw \ne-hnÂ
hcn-I-bp-m-bn. ^e-Zo-]n-I-bnse `mhm-{i-b-^ew F¶ A²ym-b-¯nÂ
`mh-kv^pSw ImtW--Xnsâ {]m[m\yw FSp¯p ]d-bp-¶p-apv. F¶mÂ
kmt¦-XnI_p²n-ap-«p-IÄ Imc-W-amImw, ASp¯ Ime¯v `mh-¸-«nI
{]Nm-c-¯n hcp-¶-Xp-hsc, `mh-§Ä cmin-I-fn¯s¶ HXp-§n-¡n-S-
¡pIbmbncp¶psh¶p tXm¶p-¶p. ]mc-¼-cy-co-Xn-bn Fgp-X-s¸«
PmX-I-§-fn H¶nepw Xs¶ `mh-N{Iw ImWp--¶n-Ã. cminN{I¯nÂ-
A]ISIcamb GgnÂ- ØnXnbpÅ sNmÆ ]et¸mgpw `mhN{I¯nÂ- A\p
Iqeamb BdnÂ- hcmdpv. F¶m B[p\nI tPymXnj ¡mcpsS Cu
\ne]mSns\ ]mc¼cy¡mÀ AwKoIcn¡mdnÃ.
cminN{Iw Ing-¡p-\n¶pw ]Snªm-tdm«v kZm Xncn-ªp-sIm-n-
cn-¡p-¶p. AXp-aqew kqcy-s\-t¸m-se-¯s¶ cmin-N-{I-¯nse ]{´p cmin-
Ifpw taSw, CShw F¶ {Ia-¯n Znh-k-¯n-sem-cn-¡Â Ing-¡p-Zn¨v
Ccp-]-¯n-\mep aWn-¡qÀ ka-bw-sImv `qansb Hcp h«w {]Z-£nWw
shbv¡p-¶p. kqcysâ DZ-b-¯n\v GXm\pw an\n«pIÄ am{X-sa-Sp-¡p-
t¼mÄ Hcp cmin-bpsS DZ-b-¯n\v, hnkvXoÀ®-¯n-sâ- Iq-Sp-
XÂsImv, cp aWn-¡q-tdmfw kabw thn-h-cp-¶p-sh¶ Hcp hyXymkw
am{Xta C¡m-cy-¯n-ep-Åq. CXnsâ ASn-Øm-\-¯n-emWv Znh-ks¯ ]
{´p ka-b-cm-in-I-fmbn Xncn-¨n-«p-Å-Xpw. AXm-bXv, `qan-bnse
 [17]

Hmtcm _nµphpw Znh-k-¯n-sem-cn-¡Â icm-icn cp aWn-¡q-tdmfw

kabw Hmtcm cmin¡pw A`n-ap-J-ambn hcp-¶p. CXn Hcp Ip«n
P\n-¡p-t¼mtgm Hcp kw`hw \S-¡p-t¼mtgm Ing¡v DZn-¨p-sIm-n-cn-
¡p¶ cmin GXmtWm AXn-s\-bmWv eáw F¶p ]d-bp-¶-Xv. PmXIw
sam¯w \ne\n¡p-¶Xv eáw F-¶ Hä XqWnt·emWv.
eáw F¶ hm¡pw DZbcmin F-¶ k¦Â¸hpw `mcXoba--à F¶
A`n{]mbhpw \nehnepv. hm¡nsâbpw Bib¯ntâbpw DdhnSw tXSn
Ipsdtbsd ]n¶ntebv¡p t]mbmte kXyw Adnbm \mIq. AXn\v Bfpw
AÀ°hpw k¶mlhpw CXpt]mcm. AsX´mbmepw eáw `mcXoba-
sæn C¶s¯ `mcXob tPymXnjhpw `mcXobaÃmXmIp-¶p.
a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-¯n P\-\w-ap-X ac-Ww-h-sc-bpÅ Ime-b-
f-hn-\pÅn Dm-Ip¶ FÃm A\p-`-h-§-tfbpw tPymXnjw sam¯w ]{´--
mbn `mKn-¨n-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv. Cu ]{´p `m-K-§-fmWv ]{´p `mh-
§Ä. eáw-X-s¶-bmWv H¶mw `mhw. eá-¯nsâ sXm«-Sp¯ cmin cmw
`mhw, AXn-\-Sp¯ cmin aq¶mw `mhw. Cu {Ia-¯n-emWv `mh§Ä
hcp-¶-Xv. cmin-IÄ¡-I-¯mWv `mh-§Ä hcp-¶-sX-¦n¡qSn cminbpw
`mh-§fpw X½n ]e hyXym-k-§fp-ap-v. H¶m-as¯ hyXymkw
ssZÀLy-¯nsâ Imcy-¯n-em-Wv. taSw cmin H¶p apXÂ ap¸Xp hsc
Un{Kn-I-fm-sW-¦nepw taS-¯n hcp¶ eáw Nne-t¸mÄ aq¶p-ap-XÂ
ap¸-¯n-cp Un{Knhsc bmsW¶p hcmw. cmas¯ hyXymkw cmin-IÄ
Ønc-am-Wv. `mh-§Ä P\-\-k-a-bhpw eáhpw A\p-k-cn-¨v Hmtcm
PmX-I-¯nepw hyXym-k-s¸-«ph-cpw. FÃm Imcy-§-fpw-IqSn ]{´p
`mh-§-fn HXp-¡n-sh-¨n-cn-¡p-I-bmÂ, Hmtcm `mhhpw At\Iw hnj-
b-§Ä DÄs¡m-Åp-¶p. GXp `mh¯nÂ- GXp hnjbw hcpsa-¶v BcmWv,
Ft¸mgmWv F§ns\bmWv Xocpam\n¨Xv F-¶v AdnbnÃ. Adnbm³
hgnbpan-Ã.P\-\-k-a-bs¯ eáw In«n-bm PmX-I-¯nsâ cq]-tc-J-bm-
bn. C\n AXn B ka-bs¯ {Kl-ØnXnIqSn AS-bm-f-s¸-Sp-¯-Ww.
C¶v AXp hfsc Ffp-¸hp-am-Wv. ]©mw-Khpw Fs^-sa-dnkpw
FÃmw kpe-`-am-W-tÃm. F¶m C¡m-cy-¯n hen-sbmcp A]-ISw
Hfn-ªn-cp-¸p-v. AXmWv Ab-\mw-iw.
]{´p cmin-Ifpw {Kl-§-fpsS {`a-W-]-Y-hp-a-S-§p¶ cmin-
N{Iw sNdn-sbmcp thK-X-bn kZm ]Sn-ªm«p \o§n-s¡m-n-cn-¡p-
¶p-v. Cu Ne\w hÀj-¯n 501/3”Zqcw hcp-¶-Xm-bmWv IW-¡v.
CXns\ Hcp hÀjs¯ Ab\mwiw F¶p ]d-bp-¶p. Cu Ne\w IqSn IW-¡n-
se-Sp-¯mWv tPymXn-Èm-kv{X-Ú-·mÀ Fs^-sa-dn-kp-IÄ X¿m-
 [18]

dm-¡p-¶-Xv. Ab-\-N-e\wIqSn tNÀ¯ Cu IW-¡ns\ kmb\w F¶p ]d-bp-

¶p. F¶m `mc-Xo-b-tPym-Xnjw ^e-{]-h-N-\-¯n\v ASn-Øm-\-ambn
kzoI-cn-¨n-«p-ÅXv Ne-\-an-Ãm¯ \£-{X-cm-in-N-{I-s¯-bm-Wv.
AXp-{]Im-c-apÅ IW-¡p-IÄ \nc-b\w AYhm Ab-\-N-e\w IW-¡n-se-
Sp-¡m-¯-h-bp-am-Wv. hÀj-§Ä¡p-ap³]v Ft¶m Hcn-¡Â kmb-\-¡m-
cpsS Nen-¡p¶ cin-N-{Ihpw \nc-b-\-¡m-cpsS Ønc-cm-in-N-{Ihpw
(A-Yhm Ah-bpsS Bcw-`-_n-µp-¡Ä þþ hnjp-hÂ_nµphpw tajm-cw-`-
_n-µphpw) Htc Øm\¯p kt½-fn-¨p-sh-¶mWv hnizm-kw. A§s\ kw`-
hn-¨p-sh-¦n Ah cpw {]Im-c-apÅ {Kl-Øn-Xnbpw B {]tXyIka-b¯v
H¶m-bn-cn-¡-W-a-tÃm. A§ns\ Bcw-`-_n-µp-¡Ä cpw H¶mb B
hÀjw-ap-X 5013”F¶ IW-¡n C¶p-h-sc-bpÅ Ab-\Ne\w IW-¡m-¡n-
bm C¶s¯ Ab-\mwiw In«pw.]Snªm-dp-\n-¶p-apÅ kmb-\-I-W-¡p-I-
fnÂ\n¶pw Ab-\mwiw Ipd-¨m C¶s¯ \nc-b-\-{K-l-kv^p-S-§fpw
In«pw. F¶m C§ns\bpÅ cp cmin--N{I§fpsSbpw Bcw-`-]n-µp-¡Ä
HcnS¯v H¯p-tNÀ¶ ka-btam Xnb-Xntbm H¶pw BÀ¡pw IrXy-ambn
Adn-bn-Ã. hÀj-¯nsâ Imcy-¯n Xs¶ henb A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-k-
ap-v. C´ym KhÀs½ânsâ cmjv{So-b-]-©mwKw X¿-dm-¡p¶ hIp¸v
AwKn-I-cn-¨n-«pÅ hÀjw 285 F. Un. BWv. (emlncn Xsâ kzm[o-\-
ap-]-tbm-Kn-¨mWv Cu hÀjw ]©mw-K-I-½n-än-sb-s¡mv AwKo-I-
cn-¸n-¨-sX¶v Hcmt£-]hp-ap-v.)
tPymXn-j-{]kn-²o-I-c-W-§ÄsImpw {]`m-j-W-§ÄsIm pw
Ccp]Xmw \qä-n temI{]kn²n t\Snb tUm. _n. hn cma³ 361, 394,
397, 498, 559 F¶n-§s\ ]e {InkvXz-_vZ-hÀj-§fpw
Ab\mwiBcw`ambn ]d-b-s¸-Sp-¶p-s¶ Imcyw {]kvXm-hn-¨p-sIm-p-
Xs¶ 397 F.Un. Xsâ Ab-\mw-i-¯nsâ ASn-Øm-\-hÀj-ambn FSp-¡p-I-
bmWp sNbvXXv (As©-®-¯n \Sp-hn-ep-Å-sX-Sp-
¯Xmbncn¡Ww.)A§ns\ emln-cn-bpsS Ab-\mw-iw, cmasâ Ab-\mw-
iw, IrjvW-aqÀ¯n-bpsS Ab-\mwiw F¶n-§s\ ]e Ab-\mw-i-§Ä C¶p
\ne-hn-ep-v. tcmlnWnbnÂ-¡qSn {_Òmhnse¯nb Hcp aebmfn
imkv{XÚ\pw XtâXmb Hcp Ab\mwiw Ip ]nSn¡pIbpmbn. AsX
´mbmepw, tIcfw emln-cn-bpsS ]£-¯m-Wv. Npcp¡¯nÂ-, CXp-Im-
cWw Hmtcmcp¯cpsSbpw {Kl kv^pS§Ä X½nÂ- H¶p-ap-XÂ
Ccp-]-¯n-\mep Un{Knhsc hyXymkw ImWmw. P\-\-k-abw IrXy-
a-Ãm-¯-Xp-sIm-mWv ]e {]h-N-\-§fpw ^en-¡msX t]mIp-¶-sX-
¶mWv tPymÕy-·mÀ km[m-cW ]d-bp-¶-Xv. AXn\pImcWw Ht¶m
 [19]

ctm an\n«p hyXym-kw-sImp eáhpw {Kl-§-fp-sams¡ Bbn-c-¡-W-

¡n\p \mgnI k©-cn¨p ØnXn-bn hyXymkw h¶n-cn-¡p-sa-¶-Xm-Wv.
F¶m Cu Ab-\mw-i-¯À¡w-sImp {Kl-Øn-Xn--bn hcp¶ AXn-`o-a-
amb amäw Hcp {]iv\-a-ÃXm\pw. AsX´mbmepw, Cu Ab\mwi¯À¡w
sImp \jvSs¸«Xp tPymXnj¯nsâ hnizmkyX Xs¶bmWv.
C\n AX-Ã, Ab-\mwi-XÀ¡w XoÀ¶p IW-¡-pI-fpsS Imcy-¯nÂ
Hcp H¯pXoÀ¸n-se¯n F¶pXs¶ shbv¡p-I. {Kl-§Ä ^ew Xcp-¶-sX-
t¸mÄ F¶ Imcy-¯n hopw XÀ¡-ap-m-Ipw. ]mÝmXytPymXnj¯nepw
`mcXobamb XmPn-¡nepsams¡ hmÀjnI {]h-N\amsW-¦n ]cm-icn
F¶ t]cn ]n¡m-e¯p {]kn-²-amb k{¼-Zm-b-¯n Ccp-]¯nctm
Ccp-]¯naqt¶m Xc-¯n-epÅ Zim-]-lm-c-§-fmWv kw`-h-§-fpsS
Ime-\nÀ®-b-¯n\p aÕ-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. Fs´¦nepsams¡ Duln¨p ]dbmsa-¶--
ÃmsX, IrXy amb kab\nÀ®bw Akm²yambn hcp¶Xv CXp sImmWv.
C\n H-¶pIqSn D.vv C-¶p tIcf¯n IqSpX {]NmcapÅ
hnwtim¯cn Zimk{¼ZmbwXs-¶ FSp¡mw. kqcy³ 6, N{µ³ 10, sNmÆ
7, cmlp 18, hymgw 16 i\n 19, _p[³ 17, tIXp 7, ip{I³ 20 hÀjw
F¶XmWv IW¡v. Cu Zim{Ia¯n\pw ZimhÀj§Ä¡pw F´mWSnØm\w?
AXv Bcv Ft¸mÄ D]tbmK¯n sImp h¶p? \ngepItfm
KWnX_nµp¡tfm am{Xamb cmlptIXp¡Ä F§ns\ Cu hr¯¯n\I¯p IS-
¶pIqSn? cmlptIXp¡fpsS ]cnKW\ H¸w \n¡p¶ KpfnI s\t´
sImSp¡mªq? cmlphn\p 18 hÀjamIpt¼mÄ tIXphn\p 7
hÀjambsX§ns\? XpS§nb Hcp]mSp tNmZy§Ä D¯cw In«msX
Ahtijn¡p¶p. CXpt]mse, {Kl§fpsS cmiym[n]Xyw, \£{Xm[n]Xyw,
D¨cminIÄ, i{Xpan{X t£{X§Ä XpS§nb Hcp]mSp Imcy§Ä hyàamb
Hcp hniZoIcWan-ÃmsX tPymXnj¯nsâ ASnØm\ XXz§fmbn
hÀ¯n¡p¶pv.
Npcp¡¯nÂ, F-ÃmwIqSn t\m¡pt¼mÄ, C-¶s¯ `mcXob
tPymXnj ¯nÂ, {]ImitcJItf¡mÄ A[nIw XtamKÀ¯§fmWv ap-
¶n«p\n¡p¶Xv. IqSpX Ignhpw BßmÀ°Xbpw DÅhÀ apt¶m«p
h¶mte Cu ØnXn¡v Hcp amäw DmIm\pw t]mIp¶pÅq. \ap¡p
Im¯ncn¡mw.


 [20]

A²ymbw 1 þ kwÚm²ymbw
cminIÄ
tÇmIw (1, 2) awKfmNcWw(3) KWnX`mKw, (4). cm-inIfpw Ime-]p-cp-
jsâ Ahbh§fpw, cminkÔnIÄ, cmin-kz-cq]w (,5). cmin-Øm\-§Ä,(6).{Kl-§-
fpsS cmiym-[n-]Xyw, kuc-bqYhpw {Kl-§-fpsS cmiym-[n-]Xyhpw,{Kl-§-
fpsS D¨-cm-in-Ifpw Ayp¨ Øm\ §fpw(,7.) {Kl§-fpsS aqe-{Xn-tIm-W-cm-
in-IÄ,\c-cm-in-IÄ, IoS-cm-inIÄ, Pe-cm-in-IÄ,NXp-jv]m-ZcminIÄ,
(8).]rjvtTm-Z-bþD`-tbm-Z-bþioÀtjm-Zb cmin-IÄ, cm{Xn-cm-in-IÄ, ]IÂ
cmin-IÄ, DuÀ²-þ-A-[-þ-k-a-cmin-IÄ, (9.)Nc-þØn-cþ-D-`-b-cm-in-IÄ
XpS§nbh, ]pcp-j-cminIÄ, kv{Xo cm-inIÄ XpS§nbh, cminIÄ¡v Zn¡p-I-
fpsS B[n]Xy, hmamw-K-Z£n -Wmw-K-cm-in-IÄ.

`mh-§Ä :
tÇmIw (10þ15) : 1 apXÂ 12 hscbpÅ `mh§fpsS hnhcWw.(,16)eo\-Øm-\-
§Ä., (17)ZpØm-\-§Ä, kpØm\§Ä, tI{µ-§Ä, (18) ]W-]cw, Bt]m-
¢naw, NXp-c{iw. D]-Nbw. {XntImWw.

(1)
kµÀi\w hnX-\ptX ]nXr-tZ-h-\rWmw
amkm-_vZ-hm-k-c-Z-ssf-c-Y(1) Du-À-²zKw bXv
khyw IzNnXv IzNn-Zp--ss]-Xy-]-k-hy-taIw
tPymXnx ]cw ZniXp hkvXz-anXmw {inbw \x.

kµÀi\w hnX-\ptX -þ kµÀin-¡p¶p (ZÀi\w \ÂIp-¶p),

]nXr-tZ-h -\rWmw þ ]nXr-¡Ä¡pw tZh-IÄ¡pw a\p-jyÀ¡pw
(]nXr-þ-tZ-h-þ-a-\pjytemI-§Ä¡v),
 [21]

amk A_vZ hm-k-c- þ amkw,A_vZw (hÀjw), hmkcw

(Znhkw) Ch-bpsS,
Z-ssf-x AY ]IpXn hoXw,
Du-À-²zKw þ apI-fn-tebv¡p Kan-¡p-¶Xv,
bXv þ bmsXm-¶mtWm,
khyw þ CS-t¯m-«v (sXt¡m«vþZ-£n-Wm-
b-\w),
IzNnXv þ Nnte-S¯v, Nne-t¸mÄ,
IzNn-Xv D--ss]-Xn- A]-k-hywþ Nnte-S-¯v (Nne-t¸mÄ) he-
t¯m-«v
(hS-t¡m-«vþ-D¯cm-b-\w)k©-cn¡p-
¶p,
GIw tPymXnx ]cw ]ca-amb B tPymXn-Êv,
ZniXp ImWn-¡s« (\ÂIs«),
hkvXp AanXmw {inbw Af-hä sFi z-cys¯,
\x \ap¡v.

]mTt`Zw:(1) A[ DuÀ²zKw F¶p sNdphÅn. F¶m AY

bpsSImcy¯n sX¡p\n¶papÅ \mWp]nÅ Bim\pw, hS¡p \n¶papÅ
Pn.Fkv. I]qdpw Htc A`n{]mb¡mcmWv. Cu AYþA[ hyXymk¯n\p
ImcWw tZh\mKcn en]nsb At]£n¨v {KÙm£c¯n\pÅ ]
cnanXnbmbncn¡Ww.

kmcw: ]nXr-¡Ä¡pw tZh-IÄ¡pw a\p-jyÀ¡pw amk-¯nsâ ]Ip-Xn, hÀj-

¯nsâ ]Ip-Xn, Znh-k-¯nsâ ]IpXn F¶ {Ia-¯n ZÀi-\-a-cpfn, FÃm-
än\pw apIfn DbÀ¶p\n¶p {]Im-in-¡p-¶, Bdp amkw sXt¡m«pw Bdp
amkw hS-t¡m«pw k©-cn-¡p¶, ]c-a-amb B tPymXnÊv (kq-cy-tZ-
h³) \ap¡p kÀh sFiz-cy-§fpw {]Zm\w sN¿-s«.

(2)
hmKvtZhow Ipe-tZ-hXmw aa Kpcq³ Ime{XbÚm\-Zm³
kqcym-ZowÝ \h-{K-lm³ KW-]Xnw `àym {]W-tay-izcw
kw£n]ym{Xn-]-cm-i-cmZn IYn-Xm³ at{´iztcm ssZhhnZvþ-
ht£y f lw ^e-Zo-]nImw kphnaemw tPymXnÀhnZmw
{]oXtb.
 [22]

hmKvtZhow þ kc-kz-Xo-tZ-hnsb,
Ipe-tZ-hXmw þ [À½-ssZ-h-§sf,
Ime{XbÚm\-Zm³ þ {XnIm-e-Úm-\n-I-fmb
aa Kpcq³ þ Fsâ Kpcp-\m-Y-·msc,
kqcym-ZowÝ\h-{K-lm³ þ kqcy³ XpS-§nb \h-{K-l-§sf,
KW-]Xnw þ KW-]-Xnsb,
Cuizcw þ Cuiz-cs\ (inhs\)
`àym {]W-ay þ `àn-tbmsS {]W-an-¨n«v,
A{Xn-]-cm-i-cmZn þ A{Xn,]cm-i-c³ XpS-§nb
alÀjn-am-cmÂ,
IYn-Xm³ þ ]d-b-s¸« (tPymXnj^eÚm\w)
kw£n]y þ Npcp¡n X¿mdm¡nb
^e-Zo-]nImw kphnaemw þ ]hn-{X-amb Cu ^e-
Zo-]nIsb
tPymXnÀhnZmw {]oXtb .tPymXnjhnZzm·-
mcpsS
{]oXn¡mbns¡mv
at{´iztcm ssZh]nZv þ at{´izcssZhÚ\mb
ht£y Alw þ Rm³ hnhcn¡p¶p

kmcw: hmKvtZhXbmb kc-kz-Xo-tZ-hn, Ipe-tZ-h-X,

Kpcp-\m-Y-·mÀ, kqcy-`-K-hm³ XpS-§nb \h-{K-l-§Ä, KW-]-Xn, ]
c-a-in-h³ Chsc `àntbmsS hW§n ssZh-Ú-\mb Rm³, at{´-iz-c³,
tPymXn-jm-Nm-cy-·m-cmb A{Xn, ]cm-i-c³ XpS-§nb alÀjn-am-
cm D]-tZ-in-¡-s¸« tPymXn-j-imkv{Xw ]WvUn-X-·m-cpsS
{]oXn-¡-mbn-s¡mv Npcp¡n hnh-cn-¡p-I-bm-Wv.

(3)
]Zm-`m-ssZyÀbss{´ÀP\\ka-tbm f {X {]Y-atXm
hnti-jm-Zzn-tÚ-b-x kl hnL-Sn-Im`n-kvXzY XZm
KssXÀZrIv XpeyXzw KWn-XI-cssWx tJN-c-KXnw
hnZnXzm XZv`mhw _e-a]n ^ew ssXx IY-b-Xp.

{]Y-aXx þ BZy-ambn,
]Zm-`m-ssZyx bss{´x þ ASn-b-fthm D]-I-c-W-§tfm sh¨v,
P\\ka-bx A{X þ P\-\-k-abw,
 [23]

kl hnL-Sn-Im-`nx Xp AY þ hn\m-gnI klnXw,

hnti-jmXv hn--tÚ-b-x þ {]tXyIw Adn-bWw. (AXn\p tijw),
KssXxZrIv XpeyXzw KWn-XI-cssWx þ Zr¤-Wn-X-{]-Imcw IW-¡p-
Iq«n,
tJN-c-KXnw þ (B kabs¯) {Kl-ØnXn,
XZv`mhw _ew A]n þ `mhhpw _ehpw DÄs¸sS
hnZnXzm þ Adn-ªn«v
^ew ssXx - Ah-bpsS -^ew,
IY-b-Xp þ ]d-bpI.

BZy-ambn icn-bmb P\-\-k-abw Is-¯p-I. F¶n«v B P\-\-ka-b-

s¯ {Kl\ne KWn-¨p-m-¡p-I. (skÂt^mWnÂhsc Akv t{SmfPn
tkm^väv shbÀ e`yamb C¡me¯v Hcp {Kl \netbm Xe¡pdntbm
X¿mdm¡m³ \nanj§Ä am{Xw aXn). AXn-\p-tijw {Kl-§-fp-ambn
_Ô-s¸« `mh-§fp sSbpw `mhm-[n-]-·m-sc¶ \ne bv¡v {Kl-§-fpsSbpw
_ehpw -^eZm-\-ti-jnbpw Nn´n s¨Sp-¡pI.-C{Xbpw sNbvXn«pthWw
C\n ]d-bm³t]mIp¶ PmXI -^e-{]-h-N\\nb-a-§Äsh¨p PmX-I-^ew Nn
´n¨pXpS-§phm³.

1. cmin-IÄ

(1)
intcm-h-àvtdm-tcm-lr-Ö-T-c-I-SnhkvXn{]P-\\þ
Øem-\yqcq Pmt\zmÀbp-K-f-anXn PwtL ]Z-bpKw
hne-ám Imemw-Km-\y-fn-Q-j-Ip-fo-cm-´n-a-anZw (1)
`k-ÔnÀhn-JymXm kI-e-`-h-\m-´m-\]n ]tc.
]mTt`Zw: AfnQjIpfocmfn Ncaw

cmin-N{Iw Øe-am-Wv, -k-abhp-am-Wv. Øew 360 Un{Kn-

bpÅ hr¯-am-sW-¦nÂ, kabw 60 \mgnI AYhm 24 aWn-¡qÀ
ssZÀLyapÅ Znh-k-am-Wv. KWn-Xw-sImvv Chsb ]c-kv]cw
amän-sb-Sp-¡mw. cmin-N-{Is¯ Ime-]p-cp-j-\mbn ImWp-¶-Xnsâ
ASn-Øm\hpw C-Xm-Wv.

Imemw-Km\n hcmw-K-am-\-\-aptcm lrXv t{ImU-hm-tkmf `rtXm

 [24]

hkvXn-Àhy-RvP-\-aq-cpPm-\p-bp-Ktf PwtL XtXmfw-{Ln-Zzbw

tajmizn{]Yam \hÀ£NcWmÝ{IØnXm cmitbm,
cmint£{XKrlÀ£`m\n `h\w ssNImÀ°k{¼Xytb. þ
(tlmcm-imkv{Xw 1-þ4)

Ime-]p-cp-jsâ Ah-b-h-§Ä 360 Un{Kn hr¯-amb cmin-N-{I-¯nÄ

taSw apX¡pw PmXI¯n eáw-ap-X¡pw Nn´n¡Ww. tlmcm-
imkv{X¯nse tÇmI-¯n Imemw-Km\n.....-N-{I-ØnXm cmibx F¶-
Xp-sImv Dt±-in-¡p-¶Xv cmin-N-{I-cq-]-¯n-epÅ ]pcp-j-s\-bm-Wv.
F¶m ^e-Zo-]n-I-bn hne-ám F¶v FSp¯p ]d-ªn-«p-Å-Xp-sImv
PmX-I-¯n eáw- ap-X¡mWv CXp Nn´n-t¡--sX¶p hyà-am-¡p-¶p.
Ct¸mÄ km[m-cW sNbvXp-hcp-¶Xv IpP³ PmX-I-¯n Nn§-¯n-em-
sW-¦nÂ, Nn§w F{Xmw `mh-amtWm AhnsS Hcp AS-bmfw ]d-bpI
F¶-XmWv.

രാശിചക്രം
tajmizn{]Yam \hÀ£NcWmÝ{IØnXm cmib..... 360 Un{Kn
hymk-apÅ cmin-N-{Is¯ 30 Un{Kn hoX-apÅ 12 `mK-§-fmbn
Xncn-¨-XmWv 12 cmin-IÄ

cminIÄ

{Ko¡v tlmcm- Cw¥ojv kwkvIrXw ae-bm-

fw
1 {InHmk v{Inb Gcokv taj
taSw
2. Xmhvtdmkv Xmhpcp tSmdkv hrj` C-S-hw
3 ZnZn-tamkv PpXpa sPan\n anYp\ an-
Yp-\w
4 ImÀIn-t\mkv Ipfoc Im³kÀ IÀ¡-SIÀ¡-SIw
5 se Hm¬ teb entbm knwl Nn-§w
6 ]mÀsX-t\mkv ]mÀt°m\ hnÀsKm I\y
I-¶n
7 kotKm¬ PpI en{_ Xp-em Xpemw
 [25]

8 kvtImÀ]n-Hmkv tImÀ¸n kvtImÀ¸ntbm hrÝnI

hr-Ýn-Iw
9 sXmIvtkm-\nk Xu£nI kKnämdkv [\p [-\p
10 FtKm-sI-tdmkv BtImtIc Im{]nt¡m¬ aIc aIcw
11 Cs{Zm-tlmkv lrt{ZmK AtIzdnbkv Ipw` Ipw-`w
12 ClvXnkv C°kn ]okkv ao\ ao-\w

.\£-{X-N{Iw
CXp-t]mse 360 Un{KnbpÅ hr¯s¯ 13-þ20 hoX-apÅ 27
`mK-§-fmbn Xncn-¨-XmWv \£-{XN{Iw. AizXnapXÂ tchXnhsc
Ccp] t¯gp \£{X§ fmWt-Ãm C-¶p {]Nmc¯nepÅXv. F-¶m ]e
amä§Ä¡pw hnt[bambmWv CXv Cu ØnXnbnse¯nbX.v

\£{X]«nIbnse ]cnWmaw
(1) ssX¯ncobkwlnX, (2) ssat{XbnkwlnX, (3) ITkwlnX,
(4) AYÀhthZw, (5) thZmwKtPymXnjw, (6) kqcykn²m´w
F-¶ {Ia¯nÂ

1. Ir¯nIm, Ir¯nIm, Ir¯nIm, Ir¯nIm, `cWy, Aizn\n

2. tcmlnWn, tcmKnWn, tcmlnWn, tcmloWn, Ir¯nI, `cWn
3. arK-ioÀj, C³I, C³I, arK-in-ckv , tcmlnWn, Ir¯nI
4. BÀ{Z, _mlp, _mlp, BÀ{Z, arK-ioÀjw, tcmlnWn
5. ]p\Àhkp, ]p\Àhkp, ]p\Àhkp, ]p\Àhkp, BÀ{Z,
arK-ioÀj
6. Xnjy, Xnjy, Xnjy, ]pjy, ]p\Àhkp, BÀ{Z
7 A{kn-kkv, AÉm-kmkv, AÉn-kmkv, AÉn-kmkv,]pjy, ]
p\Àhkp
8 aLw, aLw, aLw, aLw-, B-tÇj, ]pjy
9.- ^ÂKp\n, ^ÂKp-\nk,v ^ÂKp-\nkv , ^ÂKp\n, aLw,- B-tÇjw
10. ^ÂKp\n, ^ÂKp\n, D¯-c-^ÂKp\n, ............,- ]qÀh-
^ÂKp\n
11.- lkvX, lkvX, lkvXu, lkvX, D¯-c-^ÂKp\n, ]qÀh-^ÂKp\n
12. Nn{X, Nn{X, Nn{X, Nn{X, lkvXw, D¯-c-^ÂKp\n
13.- kzmXn, \njvSy, kzmXn, kzmXn, Nn{X, lkvXw
14. hnimJ, hnimJ, hnimJ, hnimJ, kzmXn, Nn{X
 [26]

15. A\p-cm[m, A\p-cm[m, A\p-cm[m, A\p-cm[, hnimJ,

kzmXn
16. tcmlnWn, tPyjvT, tPyjvT, tPyjvT, A\p-cm[, hnimJ
7. hnkrXw, aqew, aqe, aqew, tPyjvT, A\p-cm[
18. Ak-[mkv ,Akm-[mkv ,Ak-[mkv , ]qÀh-A-k-[mkv,aqew,
tPyjvT
19. AjmVw AjmVw D¯cAjmVw D¯cAjmVw, ]qÀhm-jmVw,
aqew
20. ........., A`n-Pn¯v, ......., -A-`n-Pn¯v , D¯-cm-
jmVw, ]qÀh
-A-jmVw
21. t{imW, t{imW, Aiz°, {imhW,{imhWw, D¯-c-A-
jmVw
22. {ihnjvTw, {ihnjvTw, {imhnjvTw, {imhnjvTw, [\njvTw,
A`n-PnXv
23. iXm`n-jPv, iX-`n-jPv, iX-`n-jPv , iX-`n-jP,v iX-`n-jPv
,{imhWw
24. t{]mjvT-]mZw, t{]m.-]mZw, t{]m.-]mZw, Zzb-
t{]mjvT,]qÀh-`m-{Z-]Zw
, {ihnjvTw
25. t{]mjvT-]mZw, t{]mjvT-]mZw, D¯ct{]mjvT-]mZw, -.......,
D-¯-c-
`m-{Z-]Zw
26. tchXn, tchXn, tchXn, tchXn, tchXn, ]qÀh-`m-{Z-]Zw
27. Aiz-bpPu,Aiz-bpPu,Aiz-bpPu,Aiz-bpPu,Aiz-bpPu, D¯-c-
`m-{Z-]Zw
28. A]-`-c\n,`cWn, A]-`-cWn, `cWymx , ....... , tchXn
(imkv{Xw C´ybn F¶ ]pkvX-I-¯nÂ\n¶pw D²-cn-¨-Xv.)

cminN{I]pcp-j³
cmin-N-{I-¯n PmX-I-¯nÂ
AwKw cmin `mhw
inc þ incÊv taSw 1
h{à þ apJw CShw 2
Dc þ s\©v anYp\w 3
lrZv þ lrZbw IÀ¡-SIw 4
 [27]

PT-c þ hbÀ Nn§w 5

ISn þ Ac-s¡«v I¶n 6
hkvXn þ s]m¡nfn\p XmsgbpÅ `mKw,
(aq{Xmibw) Xpemw 7
{]P-\-\-Ø-em³þP\-t\-{µnbw hrÝnIw 8
Ducq þ XpS-IÄ [\p 9
Pmt\zx bpKfw þImÂap-«p-IÄ aIcw 10
PwtL þ IW-¦m-ep-IÄ Ipw`w 11
]Z-bpKw ]mZ-§Ä ao\w 12
hne-ám C§s\ eáw apX¡v
Imemw-Km\nþ Ime-]pcp-jsâ -AwK-§Ä BIp-¶p.

cmin-kÔnIÄ
Afn þ tXÄ (hrÝnIw),
Qjw þ aÕyw (ao\w),
Ipfocw þ Rv (IÀ-¡-SIw),
A´naw þ Ah-km-\-cmin (ao\w),
CZw þ C{]-Imcw,
`kÔnx þ cmin-kÔnIÄ
hyJymXm þ F¶p {]kn²w.
kI-e-`-h-\m-´m-\]n ]tcþ cmin-IÄ tNcp-¶n-S-s¯Ãmw kÔn-bps¶pw
NneÀ¡v A`n-{]m-b-ap-v.

cmin-kÔnIfpw \£{XkÔnIfpw
Øm\w cmin-k-Ôn- \£-{X-kÔn
120w IÀ¡Sw þ Nn§w B-bneyw þ aIw
240 w hrÝnIw þ [\p Xr-t¡« þ aq-ew
360w ao\w þ taSw tc-hXn þ Aiz-Xn
iin`h\mfnQjm´ar£kÔn.... (tlmcmimkv{Xw: 1þ7)

K-Þm-´w
N{µ³ kÔn IS-¡p-t¼m-gmWv KÞm´w. KÞm´w aq¶p hn[-ap-v.
cminK-Þm-´w, \£-{X-K-Þm-´w, XnYn-K-Þm-´w.
 [28]

^e-Zo-]n-I-bnse ASp¯ tÇmI-¯n-tebv¡p IS-¡p-¶-Xn-\p-ap¼v tlmcm-

im-kv{X¯nÂ\n¶pXs¶ cmin-kz-cq]w hnhcn¡p¶ Hcp tÇmIw D²-cn-
¡mw.
aÕyu LSo \ran-Yp\w kKZw khoWw
Nm]o \tcm-iz-P-Lt\m aItcm arKmkyx
Xueox kkkyZl\m ¹hKm N I\ym
tijmx kz\m-a-k-Zr-im -kz-N-cmÝ kÀth.
(tlmcm-imkv{Xw 1-þ5)

cmin-kz-cq]w
1. aÕyu cp aÕy-§Ä (ao-\w)
2 LSo IpSw ]nSn-¨-h³ (Ipw-`w)
3 \ran-Yp\w kKZw khoWw KZ-tb-´nb ]pcp-j\pw,
hoW ]nSn¨kv{Xobpw
(anYp\w)
4 Nm]n \cx Aiz PL\x Acbv¡p apI-fnÂ, I¿nÂ
hntÃm-Sp-Iq-Snb ]pcp-j³,
Acbv¡p Xmsg IpXn-c ([-\p)
5 aItcm arKmky þ am\nsâ apJapÅ aI-c-aÕyw
Asæn am\ns\ ]IpXn
hngp§nb apXe (a-I-cw)
6 Xueo XpemÊp]nSn¨]pcp-j³(Xp-
emw)
7 kkkyZl\m ¹hKm N I\ym þ Hcp I¿n kkyhpw atä I¿n ]
´hpw ]nSn¨v tXmWn-bn Ccn-¡p¶ I\y-I (I-¶n)
tijmx kz\makZrim þ tijn-¨h X§-fpsS t]cn-\-\p-k-cn-¨p-Åh
8. taSw þ BSv
9. CShw þ Imf
10. IÀ¡SIw - Rv
11. Nn§w - knwlw
12. hrÝnIw tXfv
kzN-cmÝ kÀth þ FÃmw Xm´m-§-fpsS
Øe-§-fn k©-cn-¡p-¶h.

kzN-cmÝ kÀth F¶-Xnsâ hni-Zo-I-c-W-amWv ^e-Zo-]n-I-

bnse ASp¯ tÇmIw.
 [29]

(5)
ActWy tIZmtc ib-\-`-ht\ iz{`k-ente
Kncu ]mYx- kkym-\zn-X-`phn hnimw[mav\n kpjntc
P\m-[o-i-Ømt\ kPehn]nt\ [mav\n hnN-cÂ
Ipemte Ioemte hk-Xn-cpZnXm taj-`-h-\mXv.

taj-`-h-\mXv þ taSw cmin-ap-XÂ.

ActWy þ Im«nÂ,
tIZmtc þ hb-enÂ,
ib-\-`-ht\ þ InS-¸p-ap-dnbnÂ,
ip{`kente þ ip²-P-e-¯nÂ,
Kncu þ ae-I-fnÂ,
]mYx kkym-\zn-X-`phn þ Pehpw kky-§-fp-apÅ Øew,
hnimw-[mav\n þ I¨-h-S-Ø-e-§Ä,
kpjntc þ s]m¯p-I-fnÂ,
P\m-[o-i-Ømt\ þ sIm«m-c-§-fnÂ,
kP-e-hn-]nt\ þ Pe-apÅ Im«nÂ,
[mav\n hnN-cXv Ipemteþ a¬]m-{X§Ä-- Dm¡p-¶ Øe-w
Ioemte þ Pe-¯nÂ,
hkXnx DZnXm þ hmk-Øm\w ]d-bs¸--Sp-¶p,
cmin-Øm\-§Ä
cmin kzcq]w Øm\w
1. ta-Sw BSv ImSv
2. C-S-hw Imf hb-Â
3. an-Yp-\w bph-an-Yp-\-§Ä InS-¸p-
ap-dn
4. IÀ¡-S-Iw Rv ip²Pew
5. Nn-§w knwlw ae{¼tZiw
6. I-¶n I\yI Pehpw kky-§-
fp-apÅ Øew
7. Xp-emw XpemÊv I¨-h-S-Ø-e-§Ä
8. hr-Ýn-Iw Rv s]m¯v
9. [-\p cmPKpcp cmPkZÊv
10. a-I-cw aI-c-aÕyw Pemib§fpÅ ImSv
11. Ipw-`w IpSw a¬]m-{X§Ä
 [30]

Dm¡p-¶Øe-w
12. ao-\w cp aÕy-§Ä Pew

(6)
`uax ip-{I-_p-t[µp kqcyiin-Pmx ip-{Im-c- Po-hmÀ¡Pmx
atµm tZh-Kpcpx {ItaW IYnXm tajmZn cmio-izcmx
kqcym-Zp-¨-Krlmx {Intbm hrjar-K-kv{Xo -IÀ¡n -ao-\m-kvXpemx
Zn{àyw-ssiÀa-\p-bpIv XnYojp`\-Jmw-ssikvtXf kvX\oNmx
{IamXv.

{Kl-§-fpsS cmiym-[n-]Xyw
`uax ip-{I....tajmZn cmio-izcmxþ taSw XpS-§nb cmin-IfpsS \m-Y-
·mÀ. {ItaW IYnXm þ {Ia-¯n ]d-b-s¸-Sp¶p....

cmin cmiym[n]³
1. taSw `ua Ip-P³ Ip
2. CShw ip{I ip{I³þ ip
3. anYp\w _p[ _p[³ _p
4. IÀ¡-Sw Cµp N-{µ³ N
5. Nn§w kqcy chn c
6. I¶n iinPm _p-[³ _p
7. Xpemw ip{I ip{I³ ip
8. hrÝnIw Bc Ip-P³ Ip
9. [\p Poh hymgw Kp
10. aIcw AÀ¡P i-\n a
11. Ipw`w aµ i-\n a
12. ao\w tZh-Kpcpþ hymgw Kp

£nXn-P-kn-X-Ú-N-{µ-c-hn-ku-ay-kn-Xm-h-\nPmx
kqc-Kp-cp-ku-cn-a-µ-Kp-cp-hÝ Krlmw-i-I]mx
(tlmcm-imkv{Xw 1:6)

cminN{Ihpw {Kl§fpsS cmiym[n]Xyhpw

 [31]

12 1 2 3
ao\w taSw CShw anYp\w
Kp Ip ip _p
11Ipw`w IÀ¡SIw4
a N
10aIcw Nn§w 5
a c
[\p hrÝnIw Xpemw I¶n
Kp Ip ip _p
9 8 7 6

kuc-bqYhpw {Kl-§-fpsS cmiym-[n-]Xyhpw

kuc-bq-Y-¯n {Kl-§-fpsS Øm\w _p[³, ip{I³, -`qan, IpP³,- Kpcp, i\n
F¶ {Ia-¯n-em-WtÃm. Cu {Ia-¯n¯s¶-bmWv {Kl-§-fpsS cmiym-
[n-]-Xyhpw hcp-¶Xv. apI-fnse 6 F®w N{µ-m[o\hpw Xmgs¯ 6
F®w kqcy-m[o\hp-am-Wv. kqcy\p ]Icw `qanbmWv Cu
cminN{I¯nsâ tI{µw F¶Xp am{XamWv Hcp hyXymkw.

{Kl-§-fpsS D¨-cm-in-Ifpw AXyp¨Øm\§fpw

kqcym-Zp-¨-Krlmx {Intbm hrjar-K-kv{Xo -IÀ¡n -ao-\m-kvXpemx
Zn{àyw-ssiÀa-\p-bpIvXnYojp`\-Jmw-ssikvtXAkvX\oNmx {IamXv

.kqcymXv þ kqcy³apX¡,v
D¨-Krlm þ D¨cmin-IÄ,
{Klw cmin
chn {Inb ta-Sw,
N{µ³ hrj C-Shw,
IpP³ arK a-I-cw,
_p[³ kv{Xo þ I-¶n,
Kpcp IÀ¡n IÀ¡-S-Iw,
ip{I³ ao\ ao\w,
i\n Xpemwþ Xpemw,

D¨w `qXkwJybnÂ
 [32]

ZnIv ]¯p Zn¡pIÄ þ 10

{Xywssix 3 `mK
a\p-bpIv a\p¡Ä 14, 14 bpIv = 28
XnYn XnYnIÄ 15.
Cjp þ icw þ ]©ic§Ä þ 5
`w \£{X§Ä þ 27
\J \J§Ä 10+ 10 = 20
AkvX (Chbp-sS) Ggmwcmin,
\oN \oN-Øm\w,
{IamXv {Ia-¯nÂ.

]«nI
{Klw D¨w AXp¨w \oNw AXn\oNw
chn taSw 10T Xpemw
10T
N{µ³ CShw 3T hrÝnIw 3T
IpP³ aIcw 28T IÀ¡Sw 28T
_p[³ I¶n 15T ao\w 15T
Kpcp IÀ¡Sw 5T aIcw 5T
ip{I³ ao\w 27T I¶n 27T
i\n Xpemw 20T taSw
20T

kq-cy\v taS-¯n D¨w. taS-w 10Un{Kn-bn AXyp¨w. Cu

coXnXs¶ aäp-Å-hÀ¡pw. D¨-¯nÂ\n¶pw Ggmwcmin \oNw.
AXyp¨¯nÂ\n¶pw 180T Un{Knbn AXn\oNw.

AP-hr-j-`-ar-Kmw-K-\m-Ip-focm
Qj-h-WnPu N Znhm-I-cmZn XpwKmx
(tlmcm-im-kv{Xw : 1-þ13)

(7)
knwtlm-£m-Ph[qlbmwKhWnPx
 [33]

Ipw`-kv{Xn-tIm-Wmx -c-thx
- tÚtµmkvXq-¨-e-hm¶tJmUzn-\-i-sscx
-ZnKv`q-X-Ir-Xyw-issIx
Nm]m-ZyÀ[h-[q\r-bp-Kv L-S-Xpem
aÀXymÝ IoSmffn`w
Xzm]ymx IÀ¡narKm-]-cmÀ²i^-cmx
tijm-Ý-Xp-jv]m-Z-Imx.

{Kl§-fpsS aqe-{Xn-tIm-W-cm-in-IÄ
{XntImtW þ aqe-{Xn-tIm-W-§Ä,
cth-x þ kqcy³ apX¡v,
aqe-{Xn-tIm-Wcmin aqe-{Xn-tIm-W`mK
{Klw ]cn[n
knwl Nn§w, \tJmþ \Jw 10T c 1þ20
D£ CShw, DUp þ\£{X§Ä 27T N 4þ30
AP ta-Sw, C\ kqcy·mÀ 12T Ip 1þ12
h[p I-¶n, ic ic§Ä þ 5T _p 16þ20
lbmwKþ[-\p, ZnIv Zn¡pIÄ þ 10 T Kp 1þ10
hWnP Xp-emw, `qX ]©`qX§Äþ 5T ip 1þ5
Ipw` Ipw`w, IrXn 20T a 1þ20

knwtlm hrjx {]Y-a-j-jvT-l-bmw-K-Xu-eo

Ipw`m-x {Xn-tIm-W-`-h-\m\n `h´n kqcym-Xv.
(tlmcm-im-kv{Xw: 1-þ14)

\c-cm-in-IÄ, IoS-cm-inIÄ, Pe-cm-in-IÄ, NXp-jv]m-ZcminIÄ

(cp Imep-Åh, \mep Imep-Åh, Pe-¯n Ign-bp-¶-h....)

...Nm]m-ZyÀ[h-[q\r-bp-Kv L-S-Xpem aÀXymÝ IoSm f fn`w

Xzm]ymx IÀ¡narKm-]-cmÀ²i^-cmx tijm-Ý-Xp-jv]m-Z-Imx.

Nm]mZy þ [\p BZys¯ ]IpXn (Acbv¡p apIfnÂ),

h[p þ I¶n,
\rbpKv þ anYp\w,
 [34]

LS þ Ipw`w,
Xpem þ Xpemw,
aÀXym þ (Ch) a-\p-jy cm-in-IÄ,
IoS Afn`w þ hrÝnIw IoS-cmin (Nne-
hymJym\ §fn ao\hpw ImWp¶p),
Xzm]ym þ A¸v cmin-IÄ (Pe-/Pem{ibcm-
in-IÄ),
IÀ¡n þ IÀ¡-SIw,
arKA]-cmÀ² þ aIcw atä ]IpXn (A-cbv¡p Xmsg),
i^cm þ ao\w,
tijm _m¡n-bp-Åh,
NXp-jv]m-ZIm þ \mep Imep-Åh.
1. taSw þ \mÂ--¡men
2. CShw þ \mÂ--¡men
3. anYp\w þ a\pjycmin
4. IÀ¡SIwþ Pe-cm-in-
5. Nn§w þ \mÂ--¡men
6. I¶n þ a\pjycmin
7. Xpemw þ a\pjycmin
8. hrÝnIw þ IoScmin
9. [\p 1. BZys¯ ]IpXn a\pjycmin
2. cmas¯ ]IpXn \mÂ--¡men
10. aIcw 1. BZys¯]IpXn \m¡men
2 .cmas¯ ]IpXn Pecmin
11. Ipw`w þ a\pjycmin
12. ao\w Pecmin.
(8)
tKmIÀ¡yiz-P- \-{I-`m-\yY \rbp-Mv
ao-\u- ]tc cmibþ
kvtX ]rjvtTm-`-b-tIm-Zbmx kanYp\mx
]rjvtTmZ-bmssݵhmx
kucm-x tij-Krlmx {ItaW IYnXm
cm{XnZypkwÚmx {Iamþ
ZqÀ²zm-[Ê-a-h-{I (1) `m\n Xp ]p\þ
kvXo-£vWmwip apàm KrlmÂ.
(1) ]mTt`Zw : h{à
 [35]

]rjvtTm-Z-b þ D`-tbm-Z-b þ ioÀtjm-Zbcmin-IÄ

tKm þ CShw,
IÀ¡n þ IÀ¡-SIw,
Aiz þ [\p,
AP þ taSw,
\{I`m\n þ aIcw F¶n-h A©pw
\rbpMv þ anYp\w,
ao\u þ ao\w F¶n-h cpw, {Ia-¯nÂ
]rjvT þ ]rjvTwsImv DZn-¡p-¶-hbpw,
D`-b-tIm-Zb þ cp `mKw- sImpw DZn-¡p-¶hbpw BIp¶p.
tijn-¨h (Nn§w, -I-¶n, Xpemw,hrÝn-Iw, Ipw`w Ch A©pw)
ioÀtjm-ZbcminIfpw BIp-¶p.

cm{Xn-cm-in-IÄ, ]IÂ cmin-IÄ

kan-Yp\m þ anYp-\hpw,
]rjvtTm-Z-bx N þ ]rjvtTm-Z-b-cm-in-Ifpw,
Cµhm þ N{µ-sâ Iogn-ep-Å-hbmIp-¶p
.kucm tij –Krlmþ tijn-¨h kqcysâ Iogn-ep-Å-hbpw,
{ItaW þ {I-a-¯nÂ
IYnXm þ ]d-b-¸s¸Sp¶p.
cm{Xn þ cm{Xn cmin-IÄ F¶pw,
Zyp þ ]IÂ cmin-IÄ F¶pw,
kwÚm þ t]cp-IÄ,
{IamXv þ {Ia-¯n ]dbs¸Sp¶p

.cm{Xn-cm-in-IÄ cm{Xn _e-ap-Å-hbpw, ]IÂ cmin-IÄ ]IÂ

_eap-Å-hbpw BIp-¶p.
]«nI
1. taSw ]rjvtTmZbw N{µm[o\w cm{Xncmin
2. CShw ]rjvtTmZbw N{µm[o\w cm{Xncmin
3. anYp\w D`tbmZbw N{µm[o\w
cm{Xncmin
4. IÀ¡SIw ]rjvtTmZbw N{µm[o\w cm{Xncmin
5. Nn§w ioÀtjmZbw kqcym[o\w ]IÂcmin
6. I¶n ioÀtjmZbw kqcym[o\w ]IÂcmin
 [36]

7. Xpemw ioÀtjmZbw kqcym[o\w

]IÂcmin
8. hrÝnIw ioÀtjmZbw kqcym[o\w ]IÂcmin
9. [\p ]rjvtTmZbw N{µm[o\w cm{Xncmin
10 aIcw ]rjvtTmZbw N{µm[o\w cm{Xncmin
11. Ipw`w ioÀtjmZbw kqcym[o\w ]IÂcmin
12 ao\w D`tbmZbw kqcym[o\w ]IÂcmin

tlmcm-im-kv{X-w: 1-þ10
tKmPm-izn-IÀ¡n-an-Yp\mx karKm \nimJymx
]rjvtTm-Zbm hnan-Yp\mx IYn-XmkvX Gh
ioÀtjm-Zbm Zn\-_emÝ `h´n tijmx......

DuÀ²-þ-A-[-þ-k-a-cmin-IÄ
.DuÀ²zm-[k-a-h-{I`m\n Xp ]p\kvXo-£vWmwip apàm KrlmÂ.þ
DuÀ²z þ DuÀ²zcminIÄ,
A[ þ A[-a-cminIÄ,
k-a þ ka-cminIÄ,
h{I `m\n Xp ]p\x þ h{I-cminIÄ F¶n-§s\,
Xo£vWmwip apàm Krlm þ kqcy³ hn« cmin-ap-X¡v
{Ia-¯n IW-¡m-¡-s¸-Sp-¶p.
DZmlcWw
kqcy³ CSh¯nÂ:
kqcy³ ap¼p \n¶ cmin taSw DuÀ²z
Ct¸mÄ (P\\¯n --) \n¡p¶ cmin CShw A[
AXn\Sp¯ cmin anYp\w ka
]n¶s¯ cmin IÀ¡SIwþh{I

kq-cy³ ]n¶n« cmin-ap-XÂ ]{´p cmin-I-sfbpw C§s\ IW-¡m-

¡Ww F¶mWv Cu XÀÖabv¡SnØm\amb, tZh\mKcn en]nbnepÅ, ]
Xn¸pIfn ImWp¶Xv. F¶m sImÃw]Xn¸n DuÀ²zm[Êa h{à`m\n
Xp ]p\ kvXo £vWmwipapàm {Klm F¶p aqehpw kqcy³hn«
cminapX \mep cmin DuÀ²zapJ cminbpw AXn\Sp¯ \mep cminIÄ
XncyMvapJ cminbpamWv F¶ AÀ°hpw sImSp ¯ncn¡p¶p. A[w,
kaw, h{àw F¶nh sb¡pdn¨vv H¶pw ]dbp¶nÃ. ”kqcy³ hn« cminapXÂ
{Ia¯n DuÀ²zapJw, At[mapJw, XncyMv apJw F¶n§s\bpw ]dªp
 [37]

hcp¶p” F¶mWv sNdphÅnbpsS hymJym\w. aplqÀ¯þ{]iv\{KÙ§fnÂ

cminIsf DuÀ²zapJ cmin, At[mapJcmin, XncyMv apJcmin F¶p
aq¶mbn Xcw Xncn¡p¶pv. AXn kqcy³ ]n¶n« cmin DuÀ²zapJhpw
Ct¸mÄ \n¡p¶ cmin At[mapJhpw AXn\Sp¯ cmin
XncyMvapJhpamWv. h{Iw/h{àw Fs¶m¶v AXnenÃ. HmebnÂ
tZh\mKcnen]nbn ]IÀ¯n FgpXpt¼mÄ h{àw h{Iamb XmsW¶pw
hcmw. AsX´mbmepw, ZnÃn]Xn¸pIfn AXp h{Iw Xs¶bmWv.

(9)
tajm-Zml Ncw Øncm-Jy-ap-`bw Zzmcw _lnÀKÀ``w
[mXpÀaq-e-an-Xol Poh-ap-ZnXw {Iqcw N kuayw hnZpx
tajmZymx IYn-Xm-kv{Xn-tIm-Wk-lnXmx
{]mKmZn\mYmx {Iamþ
tZmPÀ£w ka`w ]pamwÝ bph-XnÀhmamMvKakvXm-Zn-
Iw.

Nc-þØn-cþ-D-`-b-cm-in-IÄ XpS§nbh
1 2 3
Ncw Øncw D`bw
Zzmcw _ln KÀ`w
[mXp aqew Poh³

taSw CShw anYp\w

IÀ¡-SIw Nn§w I¶n
Xpemw hrÝnIw [\p
aIcw Ipw`w ao\w

]pcp-j-cminIÄ, kv{Xo-cm-in-IÄ XpS§nbh

(....HmPÀ£w ka`w ]pamwÝ bph-XnÀhmamwKakvXm-Zn-Iw.)

{Iqcw kuayw
HmPw bpÜw
]pcp-j³ kv{Xo

taSw CShw
anYp\w IÀ¡-SIw
 [38]

Nn§w I¶n
Xpemw hrÝnIw
[\p aIcw
Ipw`w ao\w

Iqc-x kuayx ]pcp-j-h-\ntX tX Ncm-K-Zzn-tZlmx

tlmcm-im-kv{Xw: -1-þ11

cminIÄ¡v Zn¡p-I-fpsS B[n]Xyw

tajmZym taSw apX¡v,
{XntIm-W klnXm- þ {XntIm-W-§Ä (5,9) AS¡w,
{]mKm-Zn-\mYm Ing¡pXpS-§nb Zn¡pI-
fpsS(BIp¶p).

cm-in \mY-·mÀ
Ing¡v sX¡v ]Sn-ªmdv hS¡v
taSw CShw anYp\w IÀ¡-SIw
Nn§w I¶n Xpemw hrÝnIw
[\p aIcw Ipw`w ao\w
{]mKm-Zoimx {Inb-hr-j-\r-bp-¡À¡Smx k{XntImWm
tlmcm-im-kv{Xw: 1-þ11

hmamw-K- Z£n-Wmw-K-cm-in-IÄ
hmamw-K-cm-in-IÄ Z£n-Wmw-K-cm-in-IÄ
(CSXv) (heXv)
(1) cminN{I¯nÂ
Xpemw ap-XÂ ao\w hsc taSw apXÂ I¶n hsc
(2) PmXI¯nÂ
7þ12 `mh§Ä 1 þ 6 `mh§Ä

2. `mh§Ä
`mh-§-fpsS t]cp-Ifpw Imc-I-Xz-§fpw

(10)
 [39]

eáw tlmcm Iey tZtlm-Z-bmJyw

cq]w ioÀjw hÀ¯-am\w N P·
hn¯w hnZym kzm¶-]m-\m\n `pànw
Zm£m£ymkyw ]{XnIm hmIv IpSpw_w.

H¶mw `mhw
1. eáw 2. tlmcm 3. Ieyw þkpJw, BtcmKyw 4. tZlw 5. DZ-bw þ
Dzbcmin
6. cq]w 7. ioÀjw þincÊv 8. hÀ¯am\wþþ hÀ¯am\Imew 9. P·-w.

cmw `mhw
1. hn¯w 2. hnZy 3. kz þ kz¯v 4. A¶-]m-\w 5. `pàn 6. Z£A£n þ
heXpI®v 7. Bkywþ apJw 8. ]{Xn-I 9. hmIv 10. IpSpw_w

(11)
ZpÝnÂtImtcm Z£-IÀ®mwÝ tk\mw
ss[cyw iucyw hn{Iaw {`mXcw N
tKlw t£{Xw amXpew `mKn-t\bw
_Ôpw an{Xw hml\w amXcw N.

aq¶mw `mhw
1.ZpÝnÂ--Iw 2.Dcxþ DcÊv (amdnSw)3.Z£IÀ®þheXp sN-hn 4.
tk\ -þ ssk\yw 5. ss[cyw 6. iucyw 7.hn{I-aw8.
{`mXcw þ ktlm-Z-c³
\memw `mhw
w1.tKlwþ hoSv 2. t£{Xw þ `qan 3.amXpe þ A½m-h³
4.`mKn-t\bw --acp-a-I³ 5._Ôp 6.an{Xw 7hml\w 8.amXcwþ
amXmhv

(12)
cmPyw tKm alnj kpKÔ hkv{X `qjmx
]mXmfw ln_pI kpJmw_p tkXp \Zyx
cmPm¦w kNn-h-I-cm-ß[o `hn-jyXvþ
Úm\m-kq³ kpX-P-Tc {ipXnkvarXnÝ.
 [40]

\memw `mhw (Xp-Sˬ)

9.cmPyw 10. tKm þ ]ip 11.alnjwþ Fcp-a 12. kpKÔw 13.
hkv{Xw 14.`qjmx þ B`-c-W-§Ä 15.]mXmfw16.ln_pIw 17.kpJw
18.Aw_p þ Pew19. tkXp þ AW-s¡-«v 20. \Zyx þ \ZnIÄ

A©mw `mhw
1.cmPm¦w þcmPNn-Ów 2. kNn-h-I-Àþ a{´namÀ 3. Bß-
Bßmhv 4.[o -þ _p²n 5.`hn-jyXv þ `mhn 6. Úm\w, (`hn-
jyÚm\w --F¶pw ImWp¶p). 7.kpX a¡Ä 8.P-Tcw þ DZcw 9.
{ipXnþ {ippXnIÄ (thZ-§Ä). 10. kvarXn kvarXnIÄ (a\pkvarXn
apXembh).

(13)
EWmkv{X-tNm-c-£-X-tcm-K-i-{Xq³
ÚmXymPn ZpjvIr-Xy-L-`oXy-hÚmx
Pman{X Nnt¯m° aZm-kvX-Im-am³
Zyp\m-²z-tem-Im³ ]Xn-amÀ¤-`mcym.

Bdmw `mhw
1.EWw þIS-w 2. Akv{Xw þ Bbp-[w -3. tNm-c þIų4.£-Xw þ
apdn-hv 5.tcm-Kw -6.i-{Xp 7.ÚmXn þ_Ôp¡Ä 8. APnþbp²w
9.ZpjvIr-Xn þ ZpjvIÀ½-§Ä 10.A-Lw -þ]m]w 11`oXn þ`bw
12.AhÚm þAh-Ú

Ggmw `mhw
1.Pman{Xw 2. Nnt¯m°w þ hnIm-cw 3. aZ þ aZw 4.A-
kvX þ
AkvX -a-\w 5 Imaw 6. Zyp\w 7. A²z- þ \S¯w 8.
tem-Im þ P\w 9.]Xn þ -`À¯m-hv 10. amÀ¤w þ hgn 11. `mcy

(14)
awKeyc{Ôaen-\m[n]cm-`-hmbpx
 [41]

t¢im-]-hm-Z-a-c-Wm-ipNnhnLv\-Zmkm³
BNmcyssZhX]nXr³ ip`]qÀh`mKy
]qPm X-]-Êp-IrX]u{X P]mcyhwim³.

F«mw `mhw
1.awKeyw þ Xmen, `À¯m-hnsâ BbpÊv 2.c{Ô þ ZuÀ_-eyw
3.aen\ þ Agp¡v 4. B[n þ ZpxJw 5.]cm-`hw þ A-ham-\w
6.Bbpx þ Bbp-Êv 7.t¢i8 A]hmZ,9 ac-W 10AipNnþ
]pe 10.hnLv\þ XS-Ê-§Ä 11.Zmk þ th-e-¡m-c³

H¼Xmw `mhw
1.BNmcy - þ Kp-cp 2. ssZhXþ tZ-h-X 3.]nXrþAѳ 4.ip`w
5.]qÀh`mKyþ ap-Ö-·-kp-Ir-Xw 6. ]qP 7.X]-Êv, 8.kpIr-Xw
9.]u{X³ 10. P]w 11. Bcyhwiw þD-XvIr-jvS- Ipe¯n P\\w

(15)
hym]m-cm-kv]-Z-am-\IÀaPbkXvIoÀ¯nw {IXpw Poh\w
thymam-Nmc KpW-{]-hr¯n Ka-\m-\ym-ÚmwÝ tajq-cWw
em`m-bm-K-a-\m]vXnkn²n hn`-hm³ {]m]vXnw `hw
ÇmLyXmw
tPyjvT-{`m-X-c-a-\y-IÀ®kc-km³ kt´m-j-am-IÀ®-\w.

]¯mw `mhw
1. hym]m-cwþ I¨hSw 2. Bkv]Zw þASnØm-\w 3. am\w þ A`n-
am-\w 4. IÀaw þ{]hÀ¯n, sXmgn 5. Pbw þ hnPbw 6. KXv IoÀ¯n þ
kÂt]-cv 7. {IXpþ bmKmZn IÀa-§Ä 8. Poh\wþ Po-hn-X-amÀ¤w 9.
thymaw þ BImiw10 BNm-cw 11. KpW{]hr¯nþ kXvIÀ½§Ä 12. Ka\þ
t]m¡v (\S-¯w) 13. BÚmþ B-Úm-i-àn14.tajqcWw.

]Xns\m¶mw `mhw
1. em`w þ em`w 2. B-bw þ h-c-hv 3. BK-a-\w þ hchv 4.
B]vXn þ e-_v[n 5. kn²n þ In«Â 6. hn`-hw (kn²nhn`-hm³ F¶pw) 7.
{]m]vXn 8. `hw 9. ÇmLyX þ IoÀ¯n 10. tPyjvT-{`m-X-cwþ
tPyjvT-k-tlm-Z-c³11. A\y-IÀ®wþ CSXp sNhn12. kc-kw þ kmc-
kyw 13. kt´mjw 14. BIÀ®-\w þtIÄ¡Â.
 [42]

(16)
ZpxJmw{Ln hma-\-b\£bkqN-Im-´yþ
Zmcn{Zy]m]ib\hybcnx^ _Ôm³
`mhm-lzbm \nK-ZnXmx {Ia-tim f Y eo\þ
Øm\w {Xn jUv hyb ]cm-`h cmin-\m-a.

]{´mw `mhw
1. ZpxJwþ ZpJw 2. Aw{Ln þ Imep-IÄ 3. hma-\-b\wþ CSXp I®v
4. £bwþ \miw 5. kqNIw þ kqNI³6. A´ywþ Ahkm\w, Ah-km\`mhw
7. Zmcn{Zyw 8. ]m]w 9. ib\w 10. hybw11. cn^w,
12. _Ô\w.

eo\-Øm-\-§Ä
{Xn þ aq¶v, jUv þ Bdv, hyb þ ]{´v, ]cm`h þ F«v,

(17)
ZpxØm-\-a-jvS-a-cn]phyb`mh-amlpx
kpØm\a\y`h\w ip`Zw {]ZnjvSw
{]mlpÀhn-eáZik]vXNXpÀ°-`m\n
tI{µm ln IINXp-jvSb\ma-bpàw.
ZpØm-\-§Ä
AjvSaw þF«mw `mhw, cn]p þBdmw `mhw, hybw þ ]{´mw `mhw.

kpØm\§Ä
kpØm-\-w A\y-`-h\w þ aäp `mh§Ä (6þ8þ12 Hgn¨pÅh) kp
Øm\§fmWv. ip-`Zw {]ZnjvSw þ AhsbÃmw ip`IchpamWv

CXv kmµÀ`nIamb Hcp {]kvXmh\ am{XamWv. 3þ6þ11, 2þ7 F¶nh

bpw ip`IcaÃ. IrXyambn ]dbpIbmsW¦n 1þ5þ9 `mh§Ä, AXmbXv
{XntImW§Ä, am{XamWv XnI¨pw ip` Icambn«pÅh. ChbpsS
ip`Xzhpw Bt]£nIamWv. `mh_e aps¦nte kpØm\§ÄIqSn ip`ZamIq.

tI{µ-§Ä
 [43]

hneáþ eáw (H¶mw `mhw),Ziþ ]¯mw `mhw, k]vX þ Ggmw `mhw,

NXpÀ° þ \memw `mhw F¶nh, tI{µmx þ tI{µ`mh §fmWv. IINXp-
jvSb\ma-bpàwþIIw, NXpjvSbw F¶nh tI{µ¯nsâ ]cymb§fmWv.

(18)
]W-]-c-anXn tI{µm-ZqÀ²z-am-t]m-¢naw XXv
]c-aY NXp-c{iw ss\[\w _Ôp-`w N
AY kap-]-N-bm\n thyma-iu-cymcnem`w
\hakpX`bpÜw kym{¯ntImWw {]ikvXw.
]W-]-c-w apXembh
]W-]-c-w CXn tI{µm-Xv DuÀ²zw þ tI{µ§Ä¡v sXm«pÅh
]W]c§fmWv.
Bt]m-¢naw XXv ]cw -þ AXn\psXm«pÅh Bt]m-¢na§fpw.
NXp-c{iw ss\[\w _Ôp-`w N þ F«pw \mepw NXpc{i§fmWv.

kap-]-N-bm\n thyma-iu-cymcn em`wþ 10þ3þ6þ11 F¶nh D]Nb§fpw,

\ha kpX` bpÜw kymXv {Xn-tImWw {]ikvXwþ H¼Xv, A©v F¶nh c-
pw (ip`Icsa¶p) {]kn²amb {XntImW§fpamWv.

tI{µ-w 1 4 7 10
]W-]cw 2 5 8 11
Bt]m-¢naw 3 6 9 12
NXp-c{iw 8 4 .
.
D]-Nbw 10 3 6 11
{XntImWw 9 5

eo\Øm\§Ä \yq\ (tZmj) kz`mhapÅhbpw D]Nb Øm\§Ä A`nhr²n

\ÂIp¶hbpw {XntImW§Ä ip`Ichpw BIp¶p. tI{µ§Ä s]mXpsh
_eZmbI§fmsW¦nepw B[n ]Xyhpw ØnXnbpw A\pcn¨v ip`{Kl§
sfbpw ]m]{Kl§sfbpw hyXykvXambn _m[n¡p¶p.


 [44]

A²ymbw 2 þ {Klt`Zm²ymbw
Ime-]p-cp-j\pw {Kl-§fpw X½nepÅ _Ôw
cmin-N-{Is¯ Ime-]p-cp-jsâ ico-c-ambn tlmcm-im-kv{X-
¯n D]-an-¨Xv, PmX-I-]p-cp-jsâ ico-c-`m-K-§-fmbn ^e-Zo-]n-I-
bn Ignª A²ym-b-¯n hnh-cn¡pIbpmbn. F¶mÂ, tlmcm-imkv{X-
¯n B Ime-i-co-c-¯n kqcy³ apX¡pÅ Ggp {Kl-§-fpsS kzm[o-\-w
hnh-cn-¡p-¶ tÇmI-¯n\p kam-´-c-ambn, PmX-I-]p-cp-jsâ Bßmhv,
a\Êv XpS-§nb Imcy-§Ä ]d-bp¶ Hcp tÇmIw ^e-Zo-]n-I-bn-enÃ
AXn-\p-Im-c-Ww, tlmcm-imkv{Xw Imc-I-Xz-§Ä ]d-bp-¶Xv hnj-
b-{Ia--¯n-em-sW-¦n ^e-Zo-]nI AXp ]d-bp-¶Xv {Kl{Ia-¯n-em-
Wv. AXp-sIm-v, {]m[m \yw IW-¡n-se-Sp¯v, tlmc-bnse B tÇmIw
(tlmcm-ikv{Xw: 2-þ1) ChnsS D²-cn-¡-bm-Wv:
Imemßm Zn\-Ir-·-\-kvXp-ln-\Kpx kXzw IptPm tÚm htNm
Pothm Úm\-kptJ knXÝ aZt\m ZpJw Znt\-im-ßPx......

Imemßm - Zn\-IrXv þ kqcy³ Ime-]p-cp-jsâ Bßmhpw

a\x Xpln-\Kp þ N{µ³ a\Êpw
kXzw IpPx þ IpP³ a\-ssØ-cyhpw
Ú hN þ _p[³ hm¡pw
Poh Úm\-kptJ þ hymgw Úm\hpw kpJhpw,
knXÝ aZ\x þ ip{I³ Úm\kpJ§fpw IqSmsX
Imahpw
ZpJw Znt\-im-ßPx þ i\n ZpJhpw BIp¶p.

knXx N aZ\x.... ChnsS hfsc AÀ°-h-¯mb Hcp N sImv Úm\-

kp-J-§Ä ip{I\pw ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p. Cu Úm\-kp-J-§-fpsS hyXymkw a\-
Ên-em-¡m³ Kpcphpw ip{I\pw X½n-epÅ hyXymkw Adnªm aXn.
DZm-l-c-W-¯n-\v, ]¯mas¯ tÇm-I-¯n _rl-kv]Xn t{ijvT-aXn F¶pw
`rKp kpJo F¶pw Ch-cpsS kz`mhw ]d-bp¶pv. AXm-bXv t{ijvTa-
Xn-bmb Kpcp- kqNn-¸n¡p¶Xv ip²amb Úm\hpw kpJn-bmb ip{I³
kqNn-¸n¡p¶Xp euInIÚm\hp ambncn¡pw.

kpJ¯nsâ Imcy¯nepw Cu hyXmkw ImWmw. i\n sbmgn¨v

aäv Bdp {Kl§sfs¡mpw kpJw ]dbp¶pv. AhnsSbpw {Kl§fpsS
 [45]

kz`mhw t\m¡n thWw kpJs¯ hnebncp¯m³. DZmlcW¯n\v ip{I³

kv{Xo, hml\w, hoSv F¶o kpJ§Ä kqNn¸n¡pt¼mÄ Cu hIp¸n kqcy³
AÑ\nÂ\n¶papÅ kpJhpw N{µ³ A½bnÂ\n¶papÅ kpJhpw hymgw
a¡fnÂ\n¶papÅ kpJhpw aäpamWv {][m\ambpw kqNn ¸n¡pI.

{Kl§fpsS ImcIXz§Ä
(PmXI¯nepw aäpw {Kl§sfs¡mp Nn´nt¡ hnjb§Ä)
(1)
Xm{aw kzÀ®w ]nXrip`-^ew Nmß-kuJyw {]Xm]w
ss[cyw iucyw kan-Xn-hn-Pbw cmP-tkhm {]Imiw
ssihw Imcyw h\-Kn-cn-KXnw tlma-Im-cy-{]-hr¯nw
tZh-Øm\w IY-bXp _p[--kvssX-£vWy-ap-Õm-l-aÀ¡mÂ

kqcy³
Xm{aw þsN¼v. kzÀ®w., ]nXrþ A-ѳ, ip`-^ew (]nXrip`
^ew F¶pw).Bß þ Bßmhv, Xm³. kuJyw þ kpJw BßkuJyw F¶pw).
{]Xm]w. ss[cyw. iucyw. kan-Xn-hn-Pbw þ bp-²-¯n Pbw.cmP-tkh
þcmPmhns\ tkhn¡Â --(kÀ¡mÀ tPmenbpw CXn s]Sp¶p) {]Imiw.
ssihw Imcyw þ inhs\ kw _Ôn¨Imcy§Ä . h\Kn-cn KXnwþ
Im«neqsSbpw ta«neqsSbp apÅ bm{X, tlma-Im-cy-{]-hr¯nw þ tlm-
ahpambn _Ôs¸« Imcy-§Ä, tZh-Øm\wþ t£{X-§fpw aäpw, ssX-
£vWyw þ Xo£vWX, DÕm-lw. IY-bXp _p[ AÀ¡mXv - þ(C{]-Imcw)
_p[·-mÀ (]WvUn-X-·mÀ), kqcy-s\-s¡mv (AYhm kq-cysâ Imc-I-
Xz-§Ä) ]d-bp¶p.

(2)
amXr kzkvXn a\x-{]-km-Z-ap-Z-[n-kv\m\w knXw Nmacw
O{Xw kphy-P\w ^em-\n -ar-Zpew ]pjv]mWn kkyw Irjnw
IoÀ¯nw auàn-I-Imw-ky-cu-]y-a-[p-c-£ocmZnhkv{Xmw_p
tKm
tbmjm]vXnw kpJ-t`m-P\w X\p-kpJw cq]w htZ-¨-{µ-Xx
N{µ³
amXr þ amXmhv, kzkvXn þ kpJw, (am-Xpx -kzkvXn --þamXmhnsâ
kuJyw F¶pw) a\-{]-km-Zw þ a\-ÊpJw, DZ-[n-kv\m\w þ XoÀ°
kv\m\w, knXw Nmacw þ sh©m -a-cw, O{Xw þ IpS, kphy-P\w þ
 [46]

hnidn (Be-h-«w),^em-\n- ar-Zpew þ amÀ±-h-apÅ ]g-§Ä, ]

pjv]mWn þ ]pjv]-§Ä, kkyw, Irj n, IoÀ¯n þ {]ikvX n, auànIw þ
ap¯v, Imwkyw þ sh¦ew (Iq«p-tem-lw), cu]yw =shÅn,a[p-cw,
£ocmZn þ ]m XpS-§n-bh, hkv{Xw Aw_p þ Pew,tKm þ ]ip, tbmjm
þ kv{Xo, B]vXn þe-_v[n (kv{Xoe_v[n) kpJ-t`m-P\w þ `£-WkpJw,
X\p-kpJwþico-c-kp-Jw, cq]w þ BIrXn (cq]`wKn) (F¶nh) htZXv
N{µXx þN{µ-s\-s¡mp ]d-bWw.

(3)
kXzw `q^-enXw ktlm-Z-c-KpWw {Iucyw cWw kmlkw
hntZzjw N alm-\-kmán I\IÚmXykv{XtNmcm³ cn]q³
DÕmlw ]c-Im-a-\o-cXnaktXymànw alo-Pm-ZztZþ
Zzocyw Nn¯-k-ap-¶Xnw N Iepjw tk\m-[n-]Xyw £Xw.

IpP³
kXzw þ DÄ¡cp-¯v, `q^-enXw þ^e`qbnjvTamb `qan, ktlm-Z-c
-KpWw {Iucyw cWw þ bp²w, kml-kw, hntZz-jw, alm-\-kw þ ASp-
¡-f, Aán,I\Iwþ kzÀ®w, ÚmXnþ _Ôp¡-Ä, Bbp-[-§Ä, tNmcm³ þ IÅ-
·mÀ, cn]q³ þ i{Xp-¡Ä, DÕmlw, ]c-Im-a-\o-cXn þ ]ckv{XokpJw,
AktXymàn þ \pW]d-bÂ, hocyw þ _ew, Nn¯-k-ap-¶Xn þ am\kntIm
¶a\w Iepjw þ ]m]w, tk\m-[n-]Xyw, £Xw þ apdn-hv. (F¶nh) alo-Pm-
Xv htZXv þ IpPs\s¡mp ]dbWw.

(4)
]mWvUnXyw kphNx Iem-\n-]p-WXmw hnZzÂkvXpXnw
amXpew
hmIvNm-Xp-cy-ap-]m-k-\m-Zn-]-SpXm hnZymkpbpànw aXnw
(1)
bÚw sshjvW-h-IÀa-k-Xy-h-N\w ipànw hn-lm-c-Øew
inev]w _mÔhbuh-cmPykplr-Z-kvXZv`m-Kn-t\bw _p[mÂ.

_p[³
]mWvUn-Xyw,kphNx þ \à hmÜn,Iem-\n-]p-WX þ Ie-I-fn sshZ-
Kv²yw,hnZz kvXpXn þ hnZz-·m-cpsS {]iwk, amXpe³ þA½m-h³,
 [47]

hmIvNm-Xp-cyw- þ kw`m-j-W-Nm-Xpcyw (hmÜnXzw), D-]m-

k-\m-Zn -]-SpXm þD]m-k-\m-Zn-I-fn ]mS-hw, hnZy bpàn, aXn
þ_p²n, bÚw bmKw, sshjvW-h-IÀ½wþ hnjvWphn\pÅ Bcm[\m-]-c-
amb Imcy-§Ä, k-Xy-h-N\w þ kXyw ]dbÂ, ipàn þ ap¯p Nn¸n,hn-lm-
c-Øewþ Ifn-Ø-ew, in¸w þsIm¯p-th-e-IÄ, _mÔh þ _Ôp-¡Ä, buh-
cmPyþbph-cm-Pm-hv, kplr-Z- þ kplr-¯p-¡Ä, `m-Kn-t\bw þ acp-a-
¡Ä, _p[mXv þ (Ch) _p-[-s\-s¡mv (]-d-bp¶p).hnZymkpbpànw aXnw
F¶Xp \mep ]pkvXI§fn \mep Xc¯nemWp hymJym\n¨ncn¡p¶Xv.
(1) hnZybpw bpànbpw (2) hnZymhnjbw XncsªSp¡p¶Xnse bpàn (3)
hnZym-`ym-khpw bpàn-Nn-´bpw (4) hnZybnse bpàn. C¯cw
kµÀ`§fn icn Is¯m³ bpàn D]tbmKn¡pItb \nhr¯nbpÅp.

(5)
Úm\w kZvKp-W-am-ßPw N kNnhw kzmNm-c-am-Nm-
cyIw
amlmßyw {ipXn-imkv{X[o kvarXn-aXnw kÀthm-¶Xnw
kZvKXnw
tZh-{_m-Ò-W-`-àn-a-²z-c-X]x {i²mÝ tImi-Øew
sshZpjyw hnPn-tX-{µnbw [h-kpJw k½m-\-ao-Uym±-bmw.
hymgw
Úm\w,kZvKp-Ww,B-ßPw þ a¡Ä kNnhw þ a{´n-amÀ,kzmNm-cw-
þkz-IÀ½w, (kXvIÀ½w F¶pw), BNm-cyIw þ BNmcy-·mÀ
(Kpcp\mY·-mÀ), amlm-ßyw, {ipXn þ thZimkv{X-§Ä, [o þ_p²n,
kvarXn þ HmÀ½, (a\pkvarXn XpS-§n-bhbpw), aXn þ _p²n
kÀthm-¶Xn þ FÃm-Xc¯n-ep-apÅ DbÀ¨, kZvK-Xnþta¤-Xn
(tam£w), tZh-{_m-Ò-W-`-àn tZh-·mcnepw (ssZh§fnepw)
{_mÒWcn-epw (BßÚm\nIfnepw) DÅ -`-àn / _lpam\w A²z-c þ
bmKmZn IÀ½-§Ä, X]x þX]-Êv, {i²m BkvXnIyw, (BßnbX),tImi-
Øew þ JP-\m-hv, sshZpjywþ ]mWvUnXyw, hnPn-tX-{µnbw þ
C{µnb-kwb-a\w, [h-kpJw þ Zm¼-Xy-kp-Jw, k½m\w þ Aw-Ko-Im-
cw, _lpaXn, Zb,CuUymXv -= (Ch) hymg-s¯-s¡mv (Nn´n-¡-Ww.)

(6)
k¼-Zzm-l\hkv{X`qjW\n[n{ZhymWn Xucy-{XnIw
`mcymku-Jykp-KÔ]pjv]aZ-\-hym-]m-c-i-¿m-e-bm³
{ioaXzw Ihn-Xm-kpJw _lp-h-[qkwKw hnemkw aZw
 [48]

kmNnhyw kc-tkm-àn-aml `rKp-Pm-Zp-Zzm-l-IÀtam-Õ-hw.

ip{I³
k¼Xv k¼-¯v, ([\w, -sFizcyw), hml\w, hkv{Xw, `qjW þ B`-c-W-§Ä,
\n[n, {ZhymWn þ {Zhy§Ä (PwKakz¯p¡Ä, \mWbw, ]Ww
apXembh) Xucy{XnIwþ Km\w, \r¯w, hmZyw Ch aq¶pw `mcy,
kuJywþkpJw (`mcymkuJyw F¶pw) kpKÔ þ kpKÔ {Zhy§Ä ]pjv] þ ]
q¡Ä -(kpKÔ]pjv]w), aZ-\-hym-]m-cwþ Ima-eoe-IÄ, i-¿þ InSbv-¡.
B-e-bw þ hoSv (i¿mebw F¶pw), {ioaXzwþ sFizcyw. Ihn-Xm-kpJw
þ Imhy-c-N\sImtm ImhymkzmZ\w sImtm e`n¡p¶ B\µw, _lp-h-
[qkwKwþ ]e kv{XoI-fp-ambn _Ôwhnemkw þ DÃmkw, aZw,
kmNnhyw þ a{´n-Øm-\w, kc-tkmànþ \À½-`m-j-Ww, D-Zzm-l-
IÀ½wþ hnhm-l-w, DÕ-h-w,`rKp-Pm-Xv þ ip{I-s\-s¡m-v (Nn
´n¡Ww).

(7)
Bbpjyw acWw `bw ]Xn-XXmw ZpJm-h-am-\m-a-bm³
Zmcn{Zyw `rX-Im-]-hm-Z-I-ep-jm\ym-iu-N \n-µm-]Zx
ssØcyw \oN-P-\m-{ibw N alnjw X{µoarWw Nmbkw
ZmkXzw Irjn-km-[\w chn-kp-Xm Imcm-Krlw _Ô-\w.

i\n
Bbpjyw- þ Bbp-Êv, ac-Ww, `bw, ]Xn-XX þ ]XnXzw (PmXn{`jvSv),
ZpxJw, Ah-am-\w, Ba-bm³ þ tcmK-§Ä, Zmcn{Zyw,`rX-I þ `rXy³,
A]-hm-Zw þNo¯t¸cv, I-ep-jm\n þ ]m]-IÀ½-§Ä, Biu-Nw þ Aip-²w
(]pe, hmembva)\nµ, B]Z þ B]-¯v, ssØcyw þ Ønc-X, \oN-P-\m-{ibw
þZpÀÖ\s¯ --B{ibnt¡n hcnI alnjw þ t]m¯v, X{µo þ ab¡w, Bekyw
EWw þ ISw,Bbkw þ Ccp-¼v. ZmkXzw þ `rXyXzw, Irjn-km-[\wþ
ImÀjntIm]IcW§Ä, Imcm- Krlwþ XShd, _Ô-\w þ XShv. chn-kp-
Xm þ i\n-sbs¡m-v (Nn´n-t¡-h).

{Kl§fpsS cq]hpw kz`mhhpw

(8)
]n¯mØnkmtcm-Â]-I-NÝ càþ
 [49]

iymam-IrXnx kym·-[p-]nw-K-fm£x
Iukpw-`-hm-km-Ý-Xp-c-{i-tZlx
iqcx {]NWvUx ]rYp-_m-lp-cÀ¡x.

kqcy³
AÀ¡x þ kqcy-³:]n¯ -þ ]n¯-{]-Ir-Xn, AØnkmtcm þ FÃp-d-¸v, A¸-
INþ apSn Ipd-hv, càiymam-IrXn þ Idp-¸pwNpI¸pw tNÀ¶ \nd¯nepÅ
cq]w, a[p-]nw-K-fm£þ tX³ \nd-apÅ I®p-IÄ, Iukpw-`-hm-kþ NpI¶
hkv{X-§Ä, NXp-c{i tZlwþ cpssI \ofhpw amdnsâ hoXnbpw tNÀ¶
Dbcw, iqc³, {]N-WvU þ AXn-i-à³, D{KtIm]n. ]rYp-_m-lp þ XSn¨
ssIIÄ.

(9)
Øqtem bphm N Øhncx Iri-x knXx
Imt´-£-Wm-Ým-kn-X-kq-£va-aq-À-²Px
cssà-I-kmtcm arZp-hmIv knXmw-iptIm
Kucx iio hmX-I-^m-ßtIm arZpx.

Nµ³
iin þ N{µ³. Øqtem bphm N Øhncx Iri-x þ XSn-¨Xpw buh-\-bp-à-
hpw, NS-¨Xpw {]mb-am-bXpw Bb c-h-Ø-IÄ, Imt´-£-W þ hiy-amb
I®p-IÄ, A-kn-X-kq-£va-aq-À-²Pþ Idp¯v t\À¯ XeapSn, cssà-I-
kmtcmþ tNmc ¯pSn-¸pÅ, arZp-hmIv kuay-amb kw`mj-Ww,
knXmw-iptIm þ shfp¯ hkv{Xw, knX/Kuc þ shfp¯ hmX-I-^m-ßtIm þ
hmXhpw I^hpw tNÀ¶ {]Ir-Xn, arZp þ kuay³.-

(10)
at²y Irix Ip©n-X-Zo-]vX-tIix
{Iqtc-£Wx ss]¯nI D{K-_p²nx
càmw-_tcm cà-X-\pÀa-loPx
NWvtUm fXyp-Zm-c-kvX-cp-tWm f Xn-a-Öx.
IpP³,
aloP þ IpP³, at²y Iri þ HXp-§nb Ac-s¡-«v, Ip©n-X- Zo-]vX -tIi þ
Npcp, Xnf-§p¶ apSn, {Iqtc-£W þ cq£-amb t\m«w. ss]¯nI þ ]
n¯{]IrXn, D{K-_p²nþXo£vW_p²n, càmw-_tcm þ NpI¶ hkv{X-w,
 [50]

càX-\p þ NpI¶ tZlw, NWvUm þ tIm]-im-en., AXyp-Zm-c þ hfsc

DZm-c-a-\-kvI³, X-cp-tWm- þ bphmhv. AXn-a-Öx þ A[nIw aÖ.
(Icp¯pä icocw).

(11)
ZpÀÆm-e-Xm-iym-a-X-\p-kv{Xn-[mXp
an{i-Ên-cm-hm³ a[p-tcm-àn-bpàx
càm-b-Xmt£m lcn-Xmw-ip-I-kvXzIvþ
kmtcm _pt[m lmky-cp-Nn-Ê-amw-Kx.
_p[³.
_pt[m: -þ_p[³. ZpÀÆm-e-Xm-iym-a- X-\p þ Idp-I-¸p-Ãnsâ \ndapÅ
icocw, {Xn[mXp an{ix þ {XntZm-j-{]-Ir-Xn, kn-cm-hm³ þ Rc¼pIÄ
\ndª tZlw, a[ptcmàn bpà þ a[p-c-amb kw`m-j-Ww, càm-b-Xmt£m
þ NpI¶ I®pIÄ, lcn-Xmw-ip-Iw þ ]¨ hkv{Xw, XzIvkmtcm þ I«n-bp-Å
sXmen, lmky-cp-Nn þ \À½-t_m-[apÅ-h³,kamw-Kw = ka-amb Aw-
K-§tfmSp-Iq-Sn-b-h³.{Xn[mXpan{i.... hymJym-Xm-¡-fn NneÀ
{Xn-[mXp F¶pw, an{i-Ên-cm-hm³ F¶pw aäp NneÀ {Xn[m-Xp-an{i,
kncm-hm³ F¶pw ]Zw apdn¨v AÀYw ]dªp ImWp¶-p.
(12)
]oX-ZypXnx ]nwK-I-tN-£-Wx kymXv
]ot\m-¶-tXm-cmÝ _rl-Ñ-cocx
I^m-ßIx t{ijvTaXnx kptcUyx
knwlm-_vP\m-ZÝ hkp-{]-[m-\x.
hymgw
kptcUyx þ hymgw. ]oX-ZypXnx þ Xnf-§p¶ aª\ndw, ]nwK -I-N Cu-
£-W þXhn«p \nd¯nepÅ apSnbpw I®p-Ifpw, ]o\- D¶X D-cx þ
XSn¨Xpw DbÀ¶ amdv, _rl-Xv i-cocx þ henb icocw, I^m-ßIx þ I^-
{]-Ir-Xn, t{ijvTaXnx þ DXvIr-jvS-amb a\-Êv, Knwlm-_vP\m-Zþ
knwlKÀÖ-\w-t]mse apg-§p¶ i_vZw, hkp -{]-[m-\x. þ k¼-¶³.

(13)
Nn{Xmw-_cm Ip©n-X-Ir-jvW-tIix
Øqemw-K-tZ-lÝ I^m-\n-emßm
ZpÀÆm-¦p-cm`x Iat\m hnim-eþ
t\t{Xm `rKpx -km-[nXip¢-hr-²nx.
 [51]

ip{I³,
`rKpx þip{I³,Nn{Xmw-_cw þ (hn)Nn{X-amb AsÃ-¦n _lp-hÀ®-
¯n-epÅ hkv{Xw, Ip©n-X-Ir-jvWtIix þ Npcp-p Idp¯ apSn, Øqemw-
K -tZ-l þ XSn¨ tZl-{]-Ir-Xn, I^m A\n-emßm þ I^-hmX{]Ir-Xn,
ZpÀÆm-¦p-cm`x þ Idp-I-\m-¼nsâ \ndw, Iat\ hnim-et\t{X þBIÀj-
Ihpw hnim-ehp-ambI®p-IÄ, km[nX ip¢-hr²n þ ip¢-hr-²n-bp-m-¡p-
¶p.

(14)
]wKpÀ\nav\-hn-tem-N\x (1) Iri-X-\pÀ±oÀL-Ên-cm-tfm-
ekx
IrjvWmwKx]h-\m-ß-tImf-Xn-]n-ip\xkv\mbz-ßtIm\nÀLrWx
aqÀJx Øqe-\-J-ZznPx ]cp-jtcm-amw-tKmf ip-Nn-kvXm-
atkm
cu{Zx t{Im[-]tcm Pcm-]-cn-WXx IrjvWmw-_tcm `mkvI-
cox.
]mTt`Zw: ]nwtKm \nav\-hn-tem-N\....

i\n.
`mkvIcn þ i\n.]wKpx þ apS´³. \nav\- hn-tem-N\ þ Ipgnª I®p-IÄ
AsÃ-¦n Xmtgbv¡p t\m¡p¶ kz`m-hw,Iri-X-\p þ saenª ico-cw,ZoÀLþ
Db-c-apÅ tZlw, kn-cm-f þ knc-IÄ \nd-ª- icocw (ZoÀL-Ên-cmtfm
F¶pwImWp-¶p), Ae-k þ Ae-k³, IrjvWmw tKm þ Idp¯ icocw, ]h-\m-
ß-I þ hmX-{]-Ir-Xn, AXn-]n-ip\x þ ZpjvS³ (\nµy³), kv\mbz-ßI þ t]in-
IÄ \ndª (I-cp-¯p-Å), \nÀLrW þ \µn-bnÃm¯h³, aqÀJ = _p²nbnÃm
¯h³,Øqe-\-J-ZznP þ XSn¨ ]Ãpw \J-§-fpw, ]cp-jtcm-amw-K þ-
amÀ±-h-anÃm¯ tcmahpw ico-chpw,A-ip-Nn þ ipNn-Xzan-Ãm-¯-
h³, Xm-ak þ Xma-k-kz`mhw, cu{Z þ cu{Z kz`mhw,t{Im[-]tcm
þap³tIm-]n, Pcm-]-cn-WXxþhmÀ²Iyw _m[n-¨, IrjvWmw-_tcm þIdp¯
hkv{Xw,

(15)
ssihw [ma -_lnx{]Im-i-I-a-cp-t±iw cthx ]qÀh-ZnIv
ZpÀKm-Øm-\-h-[q-P-eu-j[n a[p-Øm\w hnt[mÀhm-bp-ZnIv
tNmc-w t¾-Ñ-Ir-im-\p-bp-²-`p-hn-Zn-Kymaym IpP-tkym-
ZnXm
 [52]

hnZz-ZznjvWpk`mhnlmcKW-I-Øm-\m-\yp-Z-oNow
hnZpx.

{Kl§fpsS hmkØm\§Ä

cthx kqcy\v
.ssihw [ma -þ inh-t£{Xw, _ln{]tZiw þshfn-Øew, {]Im-i-I- {]tZiw þ
shfn¨apÅ Øew,a-cp-t±iw þ acp-`qan, ]qÀh- ZnIv þ Ing¡p Zn¡v.

hnt[m þ N{µ\v
.ZpÀKm-Øm-\w þ ZpÀ¤mt£{Xw, h-[q þ kv{XoIÄ, P-ew, Hu-
j[n-IÄ, a[pØm\w þ tX³/aZyw DÅ Øew, (h-[q- P-eu-j[na[p- F¶nh
DÅ Øew F¶pw), hmbp-ZnIv þhS-¡p-]-Sn-ªmd.v

IpP þIpP\v
.tNmc þ IÅ-·mÀ, t¾-Ñ þ t¾Ñ·mÀ, Ir-im-\p Aán, bp-²-`p-hn þ
bp²-`qan, ZnKymaym þ ZnIv bmaymþ ba-Zn¡v, sX¡v

hnZp þ _p[\v.
hnZzXv þ hnZzm-·mÀ, hnjvWp, k`m þ kZ-Êp-IÄ, hnlmc þ Ifn-
Øew / _p²hnlmcwKW-I þ KWn-X-Ú³ þKWI³/tPymÕy³ Øm\m\n þ
(ChbpÅ) Øe-§Ä, DZ-oNnþ hS¡p Zn¡v.

(16)
tImim-iz-°-kp-c-Zzn-Pm-Xn-\n-e-bkvssXzim-\-Zn-¤ojv]-
tXÀ
thiymhoYy-h-tcm-[-\r-¯-i-b-\-Øm\w `rtKm-c-án-ZnIv
\oN-t{i-Wy-ip-Nn-Øew hcp-W-ZnIvimkvXpx i-t\-cm-etbm
hmÂao-Im-ln-X-tam-_ne-(1)\yln inJn-Øm-\m\n Zn{K-£-kx.

Kojv]-tXx þ hymg-¯n-\v.
tImix þ JP-\mhv, Aiz-°þ Ac-bmÂ, kp-c-Zzn-Pm-Xn\n-e-b þ tZ-h-
·mÀ, {_m-Ò-WÀ XpS-§n-b-h-cpsS hmk-Ø-ew,Cuim-\-ZnIv þ hS¡p
Ing¡v
 [53]

`rtKmx þ ip{I\v:
thiymhoYnþ thiyms¯-cphv, Ah-tcm-[þ A´x-]pcw, \r-¯Øm\wþ
-\r¯]cn-]m-Sn-IÄ \S¡p¶ Øew, i-b-\Øm\w þ InS¸d, A-án-ZnIv þ Aán-
tIm-Wv. Ing¡psX¡p aqe.

it\ þ i-\n-¡v.
\oN-t{i-Wn þ tNcn-IÄ, Aip-Nn-Øew þ hr¯n-sI« Øew, hcp-W-ZnIv
þ ]Sn-ªmdv, imkvX þ imkvXm-hv, Bebw þ Øm\w.Aln-inJn þ cmlp-
tI-Xp-¡Ä¡v. hmÂaoIw þ ]päv, X-tam-_new þ Ccp amfw (s]m¯v).
Øm-\m\n þ Øm\-§Ä, Zn{K-£-kx -þ ZnIvc£kþ \ncrXn tImWv (sX-
¡p-]-Sn-ªm-dv).

(17)
ssithm `njMv\r]-Xn-c-[z-cIrXv{]-[m\o
hymt{Lm artKm Zn\-]tXx Ine -N-{I-hmIx
imkvXmw-K\m(1) cPI IÀjI tXmb-Kmkypþ
cntµm-x iiÝ lcn-WÝ _IÝ-tIm-cx.

{Kl-§fpsS aäp Imc-I-Xz-§Ä

(sXmgnÂ, ]£n, arKw apX-em-bh)

Zn\-]tXx þ kqcy\v.
ssithm þ inh-`-à³, `njIv þ sshZy³, \r]-Xn- þ cmPmhv, A-[z-cIrXv þ
bmKw sN¿p-¶-bmÄ, {][m\n - ap-Jy³, hymt{Lm þ ISph, artKm þ
am³, N{I-hmIwþ ]IÂ CW- Iq«n\p mIp-sa¦nepw cm{XnbmbmÂ
CWsb ]ncnªv hnc-l-ZpxJw A\p-`-hn-t¡n hcp¶ Hcp ]£n F¶p
i_vZXmcmhen

Cµp þ N{µ\v
imkvXm þ imkvXmhv, Aw-K\m þ kv{Xo, (]mTt`Zw ikvXmw-K\m-
þ {]ikvX bmb kv{Xo)cPI þ Ae-¡p-Imc³, IÀj-I þ Irjn-¡m-c³, tXmb-
Km --þ Pe¯n-Â k-©cn¡p¶ lcn-Wwþam³t]S, _Iw þ sIm¡v, NtImcw þ
sNt¼m¯v.

(18)
 [54]

`utam alm-\-k-K-Xm-bp-[`rÂkp-hÀ®þ
Imcm-P-Ip-¡pSinhmI]n KrZv{[tNmcmx
tKm]m-e -inÂ]n KW-tIm-¯a(1) hnjvWp-Zmkmx
Xmˣyx InIo-Zn-hn- ip-Iu- iintPm _nUm-ex

`ua -þIpP³,
alm-\-k-K-X þ ASp-¡-f-¡m-c³, B-bp-[`rXvBbp[w [cn-¨h³, kp-hÀ®
Imcþ kzÀ®-¸-Wn-¡m-c³, AP þ BSv, Ip--¡pS þ tImgn, inhm þ s]¬Ip-
dp-¡³, I]n þ Ipc-§³, KrZv{[pþ Igp-I³, tNmcx þ Ių.

iinP þ _p[³,
tKm]m-e þ ]ip-¡-sf]men¡p-¶-h³, inÂ]n, KW-tIm¯a þ KWn-X-
Ú³, hnjvWp-Zmkx þ hnjvWp-`-à³ (sshjvW-h³), XmÀ£yw þ ]cp´v,
InIoZn-hn þ Im«p-Im¡, (InIo F¶p Ic-bp¶ Hcp ]£n), ip-I þ X¯,
_nUm-ex þ ]q¨.
hymJym\t`Zw: tKm]-Ú-inÂ]-K-WI.... tKm] þ ]m¡m-c³, Ú þ hnZzm³,
inÂ]nþ sIm¯p-]-Wn-¡m-c³, KWIþ IW-s¡-gp-¯p-Im-c³.

(19)
ssZhÚ a{´n Kpcp hn{] bXoi apJymx
]mcm-h-Xx kpcKptcm-kvXp-c-KÝ lwkx
Km\o [\o hnS hWnMv \S X´p-hmb
thiymabqcalnjo N `rtKmx iptIm Kux.

kpcKptcm þ hymg-¯n\v,
ssZhÚ þ ssZhÚ³a{´n, Kpcp,hn{] þ {_mÒ-W³. bXoi þ k\ymkn, apJy
þapJy³,({][m\n),]mcm-hXwþamS{]mhv,XpcKwþIpXnc, lwkw þ A-
c-b-¶w.

`rtKm þ ip{I-\v
Km\o þ Kmb-I³,[\o þ [\nI³, hnS þ hnS³, hWnIv þ I¨-h-S-¡m-c³, \S
þ \À¯-I³(\S³), X´p-hmb þ s\bv¯p-Im-c³, thiy, abqc þ abnÂ, alnjo þ
Fcpa, a-ln-jw (]mTt`Zw)þ t]m¯v iptImþ X¯, Ku þ]ip.
(20)
ssXe-{Ibo `rXI\oNIncmXImbþ
kvImcmÝ Z´nIcSmÝ ]nIm-Èt\x kypx.
 [55]

_u²m-ln-Xp-Þn-I-J-cm-P-Ir-tImjv{SkÀ]þ
²zm´m-Jy-tbmÀa-i-I-a-¡p-W-Ir-ayp-eq-Imx. i\n

it\ þ i\n-¡v.
ssXe-{Ibo þ F®-¡-¨-h-S-¡m-c³, `rXI þ `rXy³, \oN þ \oN³, IncmXþ
Im«mf³AbkvImcm þ sImó (C-cp¼p ]Wn-¡m-c³), Z´n þ B\, Ic-Sm þ
Im¡, ]nIm- þ IpbnÂ,

[zm´m-Jy-tbmx þ Xtam{Kl§Ä¡v, cmlptIXp¡Ä¡v

([zm´w þ Ccp«v, BJytbm þ F¶p t]cmbh)_u² þ _u²³ (_p²-a-X-
m\pbmbn, Alnµp), AlnXpÞnI þ ]m¼p ]nSp¯¡mc³, ]m¼m«n, Jcþ
IgpX AP þ BSvIrI(hmIw) þ Iqhp¶ ]£n, ]qh³ tImgn Djv{SIw þ H«Iw.
kÀ¸ þ ]m¼v, aiI þ sImXpIv, a¡pW þ aq«, Iran, þ sIm¨p {]mWn-IÄ
D-eqI þ aq§. (IpP\p ]dª BSpw tImgnbpw ChnsS hopw h¶Xnsâ
ImcWw IpPhXv tIXp F¶ \nbaambncn¡Ww.),

{Kl-§-fpsS i{Xp-an-{XXzw

(21)
kuayx ktamÀ¡-P-kn-Xm-h-lnXu Jcmw-timþ
cntµmÀlnXu chn-_p-[m-h-]tc kamx kypx
`uaky aµ-`rKpPu Xp kau cn]pÀÚþ
kuayky ioX-Kp-c-cn-Êp-lrZu knXmÀ¡u.
(22)
kptcÀZznju Ihn _p[u chn-P-Êax kymþ
·²yu IthÀKp-cp-IpPu kplrZu i\nÚu
Poh-x- kax knXhnZu chn-Pky ant{X
tÚbm A\p-à-J-N-cmkvXp XZ-\yYm kypx.

kqcy-\v.
Jcmw-tim kuay ktam þ kqcy-\v -_p[³ ka³,
AÀ¡P knX AhlnXu þ i\nbpw ip{I\pw i{Xp¡Ä.

N{µ-\v.
 [56]

Ctµm xlnXu chn- _p-[þN{µ-\v an{X§Ä kqcy\pw _p[-\pw,

A]tckamxþ addp-Å-hÀ k-a-·mÀ. (N-{µ\p i{Xp-¡-fn-Ã).

IpP\v.
`uakyaµ-`r-KpPu Xp kau þ IpP\v i\nbpw ip{I\pw ka-·mÀ, cn]p Úþ
_p[³ i{Xp-.

_p[-\v.
kuayky ioXKpx Acnþ _p[-\v N{µ-³ i{Xp,
knXmÀ¡u kplrZ þ ip{I\pw kqcy-\pw an{X§Ä.

Kpcphn\v
hym-g-¯n\p kptcx Zznju Ihn-_p-[uþ ip{I\pw _p[\pw hym-g-¯n\p
i{Xp-¡-Ä. chn-P-x kaþ i\n ka³
ip{I\v
Ithxþip{I\v Kpcp-IpPu a²yuþ Kpcphpw IpP-\pw ka-·mÀ, i\nÚu
kplrZu i\nbpw _p[\pw kplr-¯p-¡Ä.
i\n-bv¡p.
chn-PkyPohx k--a þ i\n-bv¡p Kpcp ka\pw
knX-hnZuant{X þ ip{I\pw _p[\pw an{X-§Ä.

tÚbm A\pà JN-cmkvXp XZ-\y-Ymkypxþ ap-I-fn FSp¯p ]d-bm¯

{Kl-§-fpsS Imcyw Duln-¨p-sImÅ-Ww. (DZm-l-c-W-¯n\v tÇmI-
¯n i\n-bpsS ka\pw an{X-§fpw am{Xta ]d-ªn-«p-Åq. i{Xp-hnsâ
Imcyw Duln-¡Ww.)
{Kl-§-fpsS i{Xp-þ-an-{X-þ-ka _Ô-¯nsâ ASn-Øm\w _rl-Öm-X-I-
¯n (2--þ15) ]d-bp¶pv:
ktXymtà kplrZkv{XntImW`h\mXv
kzmXv kzm´y[o[À½]mx
tkz¨mbpÊpJ]mÝ e£Whnt[Àþ
¶mt\y hntcm[mZnXn.
kXym-Nm-cy³ ]dªn-«p-Å-X-\p-k-cn¨v kz´w aqe-{Xn-tIm-W-cm-in-
bnÂ\n¶pw, 2, 12, 5, 9 cmin-I-fpsS \mY-·mcpw, kz´w D¨cmin,
BbpÊv (8) kpJ (4) F¶n-h-bpsS \mY-·mcpw kplr-¯p-¡Ä BIp-¶p. Cu
imkv{X-hn-[n¡v A\pkrX aÃm¯h kplr-¯p-¡Ä BIp-¶n-Ã. tÇmI¯n ]
dªXp ]«nI cq]¯nem¡pt¼mÄþþ
 [57]

{Klw aqe-{Xn 2 12 5 9 D¨w 8

4
kqcy³Nn§w I¶n IÀ¡-S [\p taSw taSw ao\w hrÝnIw
c _p N Kp Ip Ip Kp Ip
N{µ³ CShw anYp\ wtaSw I¶n aIcw CShw [\p Nn§w
ip _p Ip _p a ip Kp c
IpP³ taSw CShw ao\w Nn§w [\p aIcw IÀ¡-SIwIÀ¡-SIw
Ip ip Kp c Kp c Ip N
_p[³ I¶n Xpemw Nn§w aIcw CShw I¶n taSw [\p
_p ip c a- ip- _p- Ip Kp
Kpcp [\p aIcw hrÝn taSw Nn§w IÀ¡ IÀ-¡ ao\w
Kp a Ip Ip c N N Kp
ip{I³ Xpemw hrÝn I¶n Ipw`w anYp ao\w CShw aIcw
ip Ip _p a _p Kp ip a
i\n Ipw`w ao\w aIcw anYp Xpemw Xpemw
I¶n CShw
a Kp a _p ip ip _p ip
CXp-{]-Im-cw- Hmtcm {Kl¯n\pw In«p¶ t]mbâpIÄ:
c- N- Ip _p Kp- ip a
kqcy\v þ -1 3 1 2 -þ þ
N{µ\v 1 þ 1 2 1 1 1
IpP\v 1 1 þ 1 2 1 1
_p[\v 1 þ 1 1 1 2 1
Kpcp-hn\v 1 2 2 þ 1 þ 1
ip{I\v þ þ 1 2 1 1 2
i\n¡v þ þ þ 2 1 3 1

CXpsh¨p i{Xpan{X§sf ImWp¶ hn[wþþ

1. cp cmin-I-fpsS B[n-]-Xy-ap-Å-hÀ þ cp h¶m an{Xw
2 Hcp cmin-bpsS B[n-]-Xy-ap-Å-hÀ þ H¶p h¶mepw an{Xw
3 cp cmin-I-fpsS B[n-]-Xy-ap-Å-hÀ þ H¶p h¶m ka³
4 H¶pw hcm-¯h i{Xp.

AXp{]Imcwþ
 [58]

an{Xw ka³ i{Xp

kqcy\v N{µ³, IpP³, Kpcp _p[³ ip{I³ i\n
N{µ\v chn,_p[³ IpP³, Kp-cp, CÃip{I³,, i\n,
IpP\v chn,N{µ³, Kpcp ip{I³, i\n _p[³
_p[\v chn,ip{I³ IpP³, Kpcp, i\n N{µ³
Kpcp-hn\v chn,N{µ³, IpP³ i\n _p[³, ip{I³
ip{I\v _p[³, i\n IpP³, Kpcp chn, N{µ³
i\n¡v _p[³, ip{I³ Kpcp chn, N{µ³, IpP³
^eZo]nI{]ImcapÅ i{Xpan{XXzhpw CXpXs¶bmWv

CXphsc ]dªXv {Kl§fpsS ss\kÀ¤nI i{Xpan{X AhØbmWv.

C\n Xm¡menI i{Xpan{XmhØ ]dbp¶p.

(23)
At\ym\yw {Xnkp-J-kz-Jm-´y-`-h-Km-kvXÂIm-e-an-{Xm-
Wyao
Xss¶-kÀ¤n-I-a-]y-th£y IY-tb-¯-kym-Xn-an-{Xm-ln-Xm³
iucymt-Ú- c-hntPm KpcpÀKpcp-kpXu `ua-ÝXpÀ°m-jvSau
]qÀ®w ]iyXn k]vX-a© kI-em-kvtX-jzw-{Ln-hr²ym{IamÂ.

{Kl-§-fpsS Xm¡m-enI i{Xp-an-{XmhØ

At\ym\yw {Xn kp-J -kz- J - A´y- `-hKm- XÂIm-e-an-{Xm-Wn þ
Hcp{Kl¯n \n¶pw 3, 4, 2, 10, 12, 11 `mh§fn \n¡p¶ {Kl§Ä
X¡me an{X§fmWv.
XXv ss\kÀ¤n-Iw- A]n A-th£y IY-tb-Xv Xky A-Xn-an-{Xm þ
ss\kÀ¤nI_ÔwIqSn t\m¡n AXnan{Xw XpS§nbh ]dbWw

.Hcp PmX-I-¯n  Hcp {Kl-¯nsâ ]n¶nse aq¶p cmin-Ifnepw (10, 11,

12) ap¶nse aq¶p cmin-Ifnepw (2, 3, 4) \n¡p¶ {Kl-§Ä B PmX-I-
¯n B {Kl-¯nsâ X¡m-e-an-{X-§-fm-Wv. CX-Ãm-¯h (5 apX 9
hsc `mh-§-fn \n¡p-¶h), X¡m-e-i-{Xp-¡-fp-am-Ip-¶p. Cu
X¡me _Ôhpw 21, 22 tÇmI-§-fn ]dª ss\kÀ¤n-I-_-Ôhpw tNÀ¯p
Nn´n-¡-Ww. AXm-b-Xvþþ-
XXv¡m-e-an{Xw +ss\kÀ¤nIan{Xw = AXnan{Xw
XXv¡m-e-an{Xw +ss\kÀ¤nI i{Xp = ka³
XXv¡m-e-an{Xw +ss\kÀ¤nIka³ = an{Xw
XXv¡m-e-i{Xp +ss\kÀ¤nIi{Xp = AXni{Xp
 [59]

XXv¡m-e-i{Xp +ss\kÀ¤nIan{Xw = ka³

XXv¡m-e-i{Xp +ss\kÀ¤nIka³ = i{Xp-

{Kl-§-fpsS ZrjvSn (ho-£Ww)

....iucymÚm- c-hntPm KpcpÀKpcp-kpXu `ua-ÝXpÀ°m-jvSau
]qÀ®w ]iyXn k]vX-a© kI-em-kvtX-jzw-{Ln-hr²ym {IamÂ.

]qÀ®w ]iyXn k]vX-aw N kI-em-x þ FÃm{Kl§Ä¡pw Ggntebv¡p

]q˨ZrjvSnbpv.
iucy B-Úm- c-hntPm þ i\nbv¡v 3, 10
Kpcpx Kpcp-kpXu þ Kpcp-hn\v 9, 5
`ua -NXpÀ° AjvSau þ IpP\v 4,8
F¶n§s\ hntijZrjvSnIfpv.
Aw-{Ln-hr²ym {Iam þ {Ia¯n ]mZhr²n .

(1) km[mcW ZrjvSnbpw hntijZr-jvSn-bpw

FÃm- {Kl§Ä¡pw Ggn-te-bv¡pÅ ]qÀ®-Zr-jvSn-bv¡p ]pdsa
i\n (3þ10), Kpcp (5þ9), IpP³ (4þ8) F¶n§s\ hntijZr-jvSn-bpapv.
Hcp `mh ¯n \n¡p¶ {Kl¯n\v asämcp `mh¯ntebv¡pÅ ZrjvSn
kmam\yambn ]dªXmWv. tcJmwi ¯n \n¶pw tcJmwi¯ntebv¡mWv
ZrjvSn hcp¶Xv. AXmbXvþþ
{Klw ZrjvSn tcJmwiw
1. kqcy³ 7 180
2. N{µ³ 7 180
3. IpP³ 4,7, 8 90, 180, 210
4. _p[³ 7 180
5. hymgw 5,7, 9 120, 180, 240
6. ip{I³ 7 180
7. i\n 3,7, 10 60, 180, 270

DZmlcWw:
IpPkv^pSw 0þ5þ0 (taSw 5) BsW¦n 7þtebv¡pÅ ZrjvSn hcpI 185
Un{Kn bntebv¡v (Xpemw 5 tebv¡v) BWv. hmkvXh¯n 185
Un{KnbpsS 15 Un{Kn A¸pdt¯bv¡pw 15 Un{Kn C¸pdt¯bv¡pw
am{XamWv ZjvSn hcp¶Xv. AXmbXv, Xpem¯n 20 Un{Kn
¡¸pdw \n¡p¶ {Kl¯n\p IpPZrjvSn CÃ.
 [60]

]mZZrjvSn
Aw-{Ln-hr²ym {Iam þ ]mZ-hr²n A\p-k-cn¨v Ah-bpsS ZrjvSn-
bpsS A\p-]m-Xhpw Im (3þ-10), Ac (5þ9), ap¡m (4þ8) F¶
{Ia¯n hÀ²n¨p hcp¶p. 1, 2, 6, 11, 12 `mh§fntebv¡v Hcp Xcw
ZrjvSnbpanÃ.
3 4 5 7 8 9 10
kqcy³ 1/ 3/ 1/ 1 3/ 1/ 1/
4 4 2 4 2 4
-
N{µ³ 1/ 3/ 1/ 1 3/ 1/ 1/
4 4 2 4 2 4
IpP³ 1 /4 1/4* 1 /2 1 1/4 * 1 /2 1 /4
_p[³ 1/ 3/ 1/ 1 3/ 1/ 1/
4 4 2 4 2 4
Kpcp 1/ 3/ 1/2 * 1 3/ 1/2* 1/
4 4 4 4
ip{I³ 1 /4 3 /4 1 /2 1 3 /4 1 /2 1 /4
-i\n 3/4* 3/ 1/ 1 3/ 1/ 3/4*
4 2 4 2
Aw{Ln-hr²ym {Iam {]Im-c-apÅ ]mZ-Zr-jvSn-IÄ , ]mZ-Zr-jvSn-
Ifmb hnti-j-Zr-jvSn-ItfmSp tNcp-t¼mÄ F´p kw`-hn-¡p-sa¶v Bcpw
hyà-am-¡n-b-Xmbn ImWp-¶n-Ã.

-(24)
kqcym-tZ-c-b\w £tWm Zn\-ar-XpÀ½m-kÝ ]£-Ècþ
Zzn{]-Èp-{I-Kpcp chn-£n-Xn-kpXu N{µu _pt[m f´yÈ\nx
{]mlpÀÊ-Xz-c-P-kvX-amwkn iin-KpÀhÀ¡mx IhnÚu ]tc
{Kojvam-ZÀ¡-IpPu iio iin-kptXm Poh-È-\nÀ`mÀ¤hx.

Ime-\n˨bw
kqcym-tZx þ -kqcy³ apXemb {Kl§sfs¡mp Nn´nt¡Xv:
kqcy³ Ab\w þ 6 amkw,
IpP³ Zn\- 1 Znhkw,
_p[³ EXp 2 amkw,
hymgw …. 1 am-kw,
 [61]

ip{I³ ]£-w 15 Znhkw,

i\n icx 1 hÀjw.

h˨w:
hn{]- ip-{I-Kpcp, þ ip{I\pw Kpcphpw {_mÒWÀ,
chn-£n-Xn-kpXu, --þ kqcy\pw IpP\pw £{XnbÀ
Nt{µm_pt[m, þ N{µ\pw _p[\pw sshiyÀ
A´yx i\nx þ i\n A´yP³ = NmXpÀ hÀWy¯nse
Ahkm\s¯ PmXn, iq{Z³.
(hymJym\t`Zw: _p[³þiq{Z³, i\nþA´yP³, AhÀ®³)

KpWw:
k-Xz -c-P- X-amwkn þ
kmXznIw, cmPknIw, XmaknIw F¶o {XnKpW§Ä¡v {Ia¯nÂ,
iin -Kpcp AÀ¡ - N{µ\pw Kpcphpw kqcy\pw (kmXznIw),
Ihn Úu - ip{I\pw _p[\pw (cmPknIw),
]tc - aäpÅhÀ (IpP\pw i\nbpw) XmaknIw
EXp¡Ä:
{Kojvam-Xv þ {Kojvaw XpS§nb Bdp EXp¡fpsS ImcI·-mÀ:
AÀ¡-IpPu þ kqcy\pw IpP\pw, ({Kojvaw),
iio þ N{µ³ (hÀjw),
iin-kptXm þ _p[³ (icXv),
Pohx þ hymgw (tla´w),
i\n þ (inincw),
`mÀKh þ ip{I³ (hk´w)

Imew, hÀ®w, KpWw, EXp (]«nI cq]¯nÂ)

{Klw Imew h˨w KpWw EXp
1.kqcy³ 6 amkw £{Xnb kmXznIw
{Kojvaw
2.N{µ³ 2 \mgnI sshiy kmXznIw hÀjw
3.IpP³ 1 Znhkw £{Xnb Xma-knIw {Kojvaw
4._p[³ 2 amkw sshiy cmP-knIw icXv
 [62]

5.hymgw 1 amkw {_mÒW³ kmXznIw tla´w

6.ip{I³ 15 Znhkw {_mÒ-W³ cmPknIw hk´w
7.i\n 1 hÀjw iq{Z³ Xma-knIw inincw

(25)
XmXmwt_ chn-`mÀ¤hu Znhn \nin {]m`m-I-co-µp -kvarXu
XZvhy-kvtX\ ]nXrhy-amXr`Kn-\o-kwÚm XZm XZv{IamÂ
hmam-£o-µp-cnt\mf\yZ£n IYntXm `uax I\n-jvTm-\ptPm
Pothm tPyjvTktlm-Z-c-È-in-kptXm Z¯m-ßPx kwÚn-Xx.

_ÔpImcIXzhpw t\{XImcIXzhpw
XmXmwt_ þ AÑ\pw A½bpw, ({Ia¯nÂ)
chn-`mÀ¤hu þ kqcy\pw ip{I\pw,
Znhn þ ]IÂ. --
\nin þ cm{XnbnÂ,
{]m`m-I-co-µp - þ i\nbpw N{µ\pw,
XZv hykvtX\, ]nXrhy -amXr`Kn-\o-kwÚm....þ
]nXmhnsâ ktlmZc\pw amXmhnsâ ktlmZcnbpw
(hn]coXambpw {Ia¯nepw),
hmam-£n Cµp þ N{µ³ CSXp I®v,
Ct\m A\yXv A£n þ kqcy³ heXp I®v
`uax I\n-jvTm-\ptPm n þ IpP³ A\pP³,
Pothm tPyjvTktlm-Z-c þ hymgw tPyjvT³,
iin-kptXm Z¯m-ßp - _p[³ Z¯p]p{X³.

{Klw ]IÂ cm{Xn FÃmbvt¸mgpw

kqcy³ ]nXmhv ]nXrktlmZc³ heXp I®v
i\n ]nXrktlmZc³ ]nXmhv
N{µ³ amXrktlmZcn amXmhv CSXp I®v
ip{I³ amXmhv amXrktlmZcn ....
IpP³ CfbktlmZc³
_p[³ Z¯p]p{X³
Kpcp tPyjvTktlmZc³

(26)
 [63]

tZtlm tZln lna-cp-Nn-cn-\-kvXzn-{µn-bm--Wym-c-]qÀhm

BZn-Xy-Zzn-UvKp-fn-I-in-Jn-\kvXky ]oUm-Icmx kypx
KÔx kutaym `rKp-P-i-in\u Zzu cku kqcy-`uau
cq]u i_vtZm Kpcp-cY ]tc kv]Ài-kwÚmx {]Zn-jvSm-x

tZlw, tZln
tZtlm tZln lna-cp-Nn- C\ þ N{µ³ tZl (icoc) ImcI³,
kqcy³ tZln (Bß) ImcI³,
C{µnbm--Wn Bc-]qÀhmþ IpP³ XpS-§n-b (A©p) {Kl§Ä C{µnb§Ä,
Kp-fn-I -in-Jn-\ Xky ]oUm-Icmx kypx þ Kpfn-I\pw cmlp-tI-Xp-
¡fpw iey-Im-cn-I-fp-am-Ip-¶p.

KÔ ck cq] i_vZ kv]Ài Imc-IXzw

KÔx kutaym þ _p[³ KÔ-Im-c-I-\pw,
`rKp-P -i-in\u Zzu cku þ ip{I\pw N{µ\pw ck-Im-c-I-·m-cpw, kqcy-
`uau cq]u þ kqcy\pw IpP\pw cq]-Im-c-I-·m-cpw,
i_vtZm Kpcp- AY þ Kpcp i_vZImc-I\pw,
]tc kv]Ài- þ aäp {Kl-§Ä (a, k, in) kv]Ài-Im-c-I-cp-am-Ip-¶p.
(27)
£otWµzÀ¡-Ip-Pm-ln-tI-Xp-c-hnPmx ]m]-Ê-]m-]-Ý-hnXv
¢o_mx tIXp-_p-[mÀ¡-Pm-x iinX-ax -ip-{Im-x kv{Xntbmft\y \cmx
cp{Zmw_m Kpl -hn-jvWp -[m-Xr- I-a-em- Im-em-lyPm tZh-Xmþ
Êqcym-Zy-án- `q-an- J -]-tbm- hm-bzm-ß-Imx -kypÀ{Klmx.

{Kl-§-fpsS ip`]m]Xzw
£otWµp þ £oW-N-{µ³,
AÀ¡ þ kqcy³,
IpP³, þ IpP³
Aln þcmlp,
tIXp ….
c-hnPmx þ i\n,
]m] þ ChÀ ]m]-·m-cm-Ip¶p,
k]m] N -hnXv þ ]m]-t\m-Sp-Iq-Snb _p[\pw (]m]-\m-Ip-¶p.)
ip`³ ]m]³
 [64]

1. ]£_eapÅ N{µ³ 1.kqcy³

2. ]m]tbmKanÃm¯ _p[³ 2. ]£_eanÃm¯ N{µ³
3. Kpcp 3. IpP³
4. ip{I³ 4.]m]tbmKapÅ _p[³
5. i\n
6.cmlp 7. tIXp
ss\kÀ¤nI]m]·-mÀ:
]m]·-mÀ F¶p s]mXphmbn ]dbpt¼mÄ kqcy³, IpP³, i\n F¶o
aq¶p {Kl§Ä am{Xta AXn s]Sp¶pÅq. F¶m kqcysâ ASp¯p
\n¡pt¼mÄ N{µ\pw ]m]·-mcpsSIqsS \n¡pt¼mÄ _p[\pw ]
m]cmbn amdp¶p.

N{µsâ ]£_ew:
kqcy\pambpÅ AI¨bpw ASp¸hpamWv N{µsâ
ip`]m]Xzw \nÀ®bn ¡p¶Xv. kqcy\nÂ\n¶pw Gähpw AIse \n¡p¶
N{µ³ (]qÀ®N{µ³) ip`\mWv. Idp¯ hmhp Ignªv F«mw
ZnhkwapX¡mWv N{µsâ ]£_ew Bcw`n¡p¶Xv. Shfp¯ hmhn³\mfnÂ
AXp ]qÀ® amIpw. AhnSp¶t§m«v _ew Ipdbm³ XpS§pw. shfp¯
hmhv Ignªv Ggmw \mfmIp t¼mtgbv¡pw AXp Xosc CÃmXmIpw.
shfp¯ ]£w AjvSan apXÂ N{µ\p s\Käohv _eamWv. Cd§n Cd§n
N{µ³ Idp¯ hmhnse¯pt¼mÄ (kqcysâ Gähpw ASp¯v F¯pt¼mÄ)
\qdp iXam\hpw ]m]^eamIpw. ASp¯ ZnhkwapXÂ Ibäw Bcw`n¡pw.
F«mwZnhkw ip`Xz ¯ntebv¡p IS¡pw. (Aamhmknþ]uÀ®anIfpsS
tPymXnÈmkv{X XXzw Adnªm C¡mcyw IqSpX hyàamIpw.)
_p[sâ ]m]Xzw
_p[³ kzXth ip`\mWv. F¶m _p[³ \n¡p¶ AtX cminbn ]m]
{Kl§fmb kqcy³, IpP³, i\n Chcn Bsc¦nepw IqsS \n¸ps¦n _p[³ ]
m]\mIpw.

kv{Xo, ]p-cpj³, \]pwkIw

¢o_mx tIXp- _p-[ AÀ¡-Pm-xþ
tIXp-, _p-[³, i\n ChÀ \]pw-kI§fpw,
iin X-a ip-{Im-x kv{Xntbm þ
N-{µ³, cm-lp, ip{I³ ChÀ kv{XoIfpw,
At\y \cmx þ
aäp-Å-hÀ (kq-cy³, IpP³, Kpcp) ]pcp-j-{K-l-§-fp-am-Ip-¶p.
 [65]

{Kl-§-fpsS tZhXIÄ
cp{Z þ inh³, Aw_mþ {io]mÀhXn, Kplþ kp{_-Ò-Wy³, -
hnjvWp, -[m-Xrþ {_Òmhv, - I-a-eþ alme£van, Imeþ b-a³,
Alnþ kÀ¸w, APmþ amb.

]©`qXImcIXzw
kqcymXvþ kqcy³ apX-¡v,
Aán `q-an-, J, BImi,- ]-bþ

Aán, `qan apXemb ]©-`q-X-§fpsS Imc-I-Xzw

{Klw enwKw - tZ-hX
]©`qXw
1. kqcy³ ]pcp-j³ inh³ Aán
2. N{µ³ kv{Xo ]mÀh-Xn Pew
3. IpP³ ]pcp-j³ kp{_-Ò-Wy³ Aán
4. _p[³ \]pw-kIw hn-jvWp `qan
5. Kpcp ]pcp-j³ {_Òm-hv. BImiw
6. ip{I³ kv{Xo e£van Pew
7. i\n \]pw-kIw ba³ hmbp
8. cmlp kv{Xo kÀ¸w þ
9 tIXp \]pw-kIw ambmtZhn þ

(28)
tKm[qaw X¬Upew ssh Xne-N-W-I-Ipep°mV-Iiym-a-apZvKmþ
¶njv]m-hm- am-j-aÀt¡-µz-kn-X-Kp-cp-in-Jn{Iqc-hn-Zv`r-Kz-lo\x
t`mKo-\mÀ¡ym-c-Po-h-Ú-i-in-inJn-kn-tXjzw_-cmJyw IenwKw
kucm-jv{Sm-h´n knÔq³ kpa-K-[-b-h-\m³ ]Àh-Xm³ IoISmwÝ.

[m-\y-§fpw ]b-dp-hÀ¤-§-fpw
AÀt¡þ kqcy\v tKm[qawþ tKmX¼v
Cµp þ N{µ\v X¬Upew Acn
Akn-Xþ i\n¡v Xne þ FÅv
Kp-cp þ hymg¯n\v N-W-I þ ISe
in-Jn þ tIXphn\v Ipep°þ apXnc
 [66]

{Iqc þ IpP\vBV-Ioþ Xphc

hnZv þ _p[\v iym-a- þ Nma
`rKp þ ip{I\ vap-ZvKm sNdp-]-bÀ
Aln þcmlphn\v am-jw þ Dgp¶v

tZiImc-IXzw
{Klw tZiw
t`mKo þcmlp Aw_cw
C\³ þkqcy³ IenwKw
AÀ¡n i\n kucmjv{Sw
Bc IpP³ Ah´n
Poh hymgw knÔp
Ú _p[³ aK[
iio N{µ³ bh\w
inJn tIXp ]ÀhXw
knX ip{I³ IoISw

(29)
amWn-Iy-w XctWx kp[m-cy-a-aew apàm-^ew ioX-tKmÀþ
½mtl-bky N hn{Zpaw ac-IXw kuayky Kmcp-ßXw
tZth-Uyky N ]pjycm-K-a-kp-cmam-Xyky h{Pw it\Àþ
\oew \nÀ½-ea-\ytbmÝ KZntX tKmta-Zssh-Uq-cy-tI.

cXv\Imc-IXzw
1. amWn-Iy-w XctWx kqcy\v amWnIyw
2. kp[m-cy-w Aaew apàm-^ew ioX-KpþN{µ\v ap¯v
3. amtl-bky N hn{Zpaw IpP\v ]hngw
4. ac-IXw kuayky _p[\v ac-XIw
5. Kmcp-ßXw tZth-Uyky ]pjycm-K-w þ hymg¯n\v ]pjycmKw
6. Akp-cmam-Xyky sshcw ip{I\v h{Pw
7. it\x \oew \nÀ½ew i\n¡v C{µ\oew
A\ytbm N KZntX tKmta-Zssh-Uq-cy-tI.
8. …. cmlphn\v tKmta[w
 [67]

9. …. tIXphn\v sshUqcyw

(30)
Xm{ax Imwkyw [mXp-Xm{aw {X]p-ÊymXv
kz˨w cu]yw Nmbkw `mkvI-cmtZx
hkv{Xw X¯-ZzÀ®-bpàw hntijmXv
PoÀ®w aµ-kym-án-ZKv[w IpP-ky.

temlImc-IXzw
(Xm{ax Imwkyw....)
`mkvI-cmtZx þ kqcy³ apX-em-b-hÀ¡v
1. kqcy³ Xm{ax - sN¼v
2. N{µ³ Imwkyw Iq«p-temlw
3. IpP³ [mXp-, Xm{aw [mXp{Zhyw, sN¼v
4. _p[³ {X]p C¿w
5. hymgw kz˨w kz˨w
6. ip{I³ cu]yw shÅn
7. i\n Bbkw, Ccp¼v

hkv{XImc-IXzw
hkv{Xw X¯Xv h-À®-bpàw þ
Hmtcm {Kl¯n\pw ]d-ªn-«pÅ \nd-¯n-epÅ hkv{X-§Ä,
hntijmXv PoÀ®w aµ-ky þ
hntijn¨pw i\n PoÀ®n¨ hkv{X¯ntâbpw,
A-án-ZKv[w IpP-ky þ
IpP³ Xo ]nSn¨ (I¯nb) hkv{X¯n-sâbpw Imc-I-·m-cm-Ip-¶p.
(31)
`mt\mx ISpÀ`q-an-kp-Xky Xnàw
emh-Wy-an-tµm-cY N{µ-Pky
an{io-IrXw b·-[pcw KptcmkvXp
ip{Iky Nm¾© it\x Ijm-bx.

ck-Im-c-IXzw
`mt\mx ISpx þ kqcy³ ISp-c-kw,
`q-an-kp-Xky Xnàw þ IpP³ Ibv]v,
 [68]

emh-Wy-w C-tµm þ N{µ³ D¸v,

N{µ-Pky an{io-IrXw þ _p[³ an{iw,
a-[pcw Kptcmx þ hymgw a[pcw,
ip{Iky A¾w þ ip{I³ ]pfn,
it\x Ijm-bx þ i\n Ijmbw (NhÀ¸v).

{Klw hkv{Xw ckw

kqcy³ Imhn ISp-c-kw,
N{µ³ shÅ D¸v
IpP³ NpI¸v, Xo-]n-Sn-¨Xv. Ibv¸v
_p[³ ]¨ an{ickw
hymgw aª a[pcw
ip{I³ shÅ A¾w
i\n PoÀ®n-¨, Idp¯, Ijmbw

(32)
`mkzZv Kojv]Xn N{µP £nXn-`phmw kym±-£ntWemRvO\w
tijm-Wm-an-X-c{X XnÜ-In-c-Wm ISymw incx ]rjvTtbmx
It£wftk hZt\ N kIvYn-N-ctW NnÓw hbmw-kyÀ¡tXm
t\ta, Zm\, XSw, \Jw, \K, k\n,- Úm-\m-Vy, \ám-S-\w.

ASbmf§Ä
`mkzZv þ kqcy³,
Kojv]Xn þ hymgw,
N{µP þ _p[³,
£nXn- `phw þ IpP³,
kymXv Z£ntW þ Ch-bv¡p heXp hi¯pw
tijm-Wm-w CX-c A{X XnÜIncWm þ _m¡n-bp-Å-hbv¡p
(N{µ³,ip{I³, i\n, cmlp, tIXp) CSXp hi¯pw,
em©\w þ AS-bm-f-§Ä Dm-Ipw.
ISymw þ kqcy\v Ac-bnepw,
incx þ N{µ\p inc-Ênepw,
]rjvT tbmx þ IpP\p ]rjvT-`m-K¯pw,
It£ þ _p[\p I£-¯nepw,
Awtk þ hymg-¯n\p tXmfnepw,
 [69]

hZt\ þ ip{I\p apJ¯pw,

kIvYn N-ctW þ i\n¡p XpSbnepw ]mZ-¯nepw,
NnÓw þ AS-bm-f-§Ä Dm-Ipw.

{Klw hiw Ahbhw

kqcy³ heXv Ac-bn --
N{µ³ CSXv inc-Ên --
IpP³ heXv ]rjvT-`m-K¯v / ]n¶nÂ
_p[³ heXv I£-¯n --
hygw heXv tXmfn --
ip{I³ CSXv apJ¯v
i\n CSXv XpSbnepw ]mZ-¯nepw

{Kl§Ä kqNn¸n¡p¶ {]mbw

hbmw-kyÀ¡tXm --þ kqcy³apX¡pÅhcpsS hbÊv
(A£ckwJybnÂ)
t\ta, Zm\, XSw, \Jw, \K, k\n,- Úm-\m-Vy, \ám-S-\w. þ
A£-c-kwJy {Klw hbÊv
t\ta - þ 05 -þ 50. kqcy³ 50
Zm\ þ 80 þ 08 N{µ³ 8
XSw -þ 61 þ 16 IpP³ 16
\Jw þ 02 þ 20 _p[³ 20
\K 03 þ 30 hymgw 30
k\n þ 70 þ 07 ip{I³ 7
Úm-\m-Vy, 001 i\n 100
\ám-S-\w .001 cmlp 100

(33)
\oe-Zyp-XnÀ±oÀL-X\px IphÀ®x
]mao N ]mj-WvU-a-X-Ê-ln¡x
Ak-Xy-hmZo I]So N cmlpx
IpjvTo ]cm-¶n-µXn _p²n-lo-\x.

cmlpkzcq]w
 [70]

\oe-Zyp-Xn þ \oe \ndw,

ZoÀL-X\px þ \o (DbcapÅ) ico-c-w,
IphÀ®x þ IogvPmXn,
]mao þ- XzIv tcmK-§-Ä DÅh³,
]mj-WvU-a-X-x þ \nco-iz-c-aX¡mc³,
kl C¡x þ C¡nÄ,
Ak-Xy-hmZo þ \pW-b³,
I]So þ Im]-Sy¡mc³,
IpjvTo þ IpjvTtcmKn,
]cm-³ \nµXn þ aäpÅ-hsc \nµn-¡p-¶-h³,
_p²n-lo-\x þ _p²niq\y³.

(34)
ctàm-{K-Zr-jvSnÀhn-j-hm-Kp-Z-{Kþ
tZlx kikv{Xx ]Xn-XÝ tIXpx
[q{a-Zyp-XnÀ[q-a] Gh \nXyw
{hWm¦n-Xmw-KÝ Irtim \riw-kx.

tIXp-kz-cq]w
ctàm-{K-Zr-jvSn Nph¶ D{K-amb I®p-IÄ,
hn-j-hm-Iv þ hnjw han-¡p¶ hm¡v,
DZ-{KtZl þ henb ico-cw,
k-ikv{Xx þ Bbp-[-[m-cn,
]Xn-XÝ - þ {`jvS³,
[q{a-Zyp-XnÀ þ I-dp¸pw NpI¸pw tNÀ¶ \ndw,
[q-a] Gh \nXyw-þ ]pI han¡p¶-h³, -
hWmw-In-Xmw-KÝ þ apdn-¸m-SpÅ Ahbt¯mSpIqSnbh³.
Irtim þ saenªh³,
\riw-kx þ {Iqc³
(35)
kokw N PoÀ®-h-k\w Xa-kkvXp tItXmÀþ
arZv`m-P\w hnhn-[-Nn-{X-]Sw {]ZnjvSw
an{XmWn hnÑ-\n-kn-Xm-kvX-a-tkmÀZz-tbmkvXp
`uaÊtam \nK-ZntXm cn]p-hÝ tijmx.
 [71]

cmlp tIXp¡fpsS ]m{Xw, hkv{Xw

Xa-kx kokw N PoÀ®-h-k\wþ
cmlphn\v C¿-¸m-{Xhpw PoÀ®hkv{Xhpw,
tItXmx arZv`m-P\w hnhn-[-Nn-{X-]Sw þ
tIXp-hn\v a¬]m-{X-hpw Nn{X§fpÅ(]e \nd§fpÅ) hkv{Xhpw.

cmlp tIXp¡fpsS an{X-i-{Xp-¡Ä

an{XmWn hnXv i\n- kn-Xm- X-a-tkmx Zz-tbmxþOmbm-{K-l-§Ä c-
n\pw (cmlp tIXp¡Ä¡v) _p[³, i\n,ip{I³ F¶n-hÀ -an{X-§fpw,
`ua- ktam þ IpP³ ka\pw,
cn]p-hÝ tijmx þ ti-jn-¨h i{Xp-¡-fp-am-Ip-¶p.

cmlp-tI-Xp-¡-fpsS an{X-i{Xp {Kl-§Ä.

_p[³, ip{I³, i\n, þ an{X-§Ä.
kqcy³, N{µ³, hymgw þ i{Xp-¡Ä
IpP³ þ ka³
(36)
aqtVmf]n \o-N-cn-]p-tKm f jvS-a-j-Uvhy-b-tØm
ZpxØx kvartXm `hXn kpØ CXo-X-c-ÊymXv
Nt{µ hybm-b-X-\p-j-Svkp-X-Im-a-kwtØ
tXmbm-`n-hr-²n-anl iwkXn hr²n-Im-tcy.

{Kl§Ä ZpØnXcmIp¶sXt¸mÄ
aqV þ auVy-apÅ {Klw-,
\o-N- þ Xsâ \oN-cm-in-bn \n¡p¶ {Klw,
cn-]p-K Xsâ i{Xp-t£-{X-¯n \n¡p¶ {Klw,
A-jvS-a-jUv hybØ þ F«v,Bdv, ]{´v `mh-§-fn \n¡p-¶-
{Kl-§Ä,
ZpxØx `hXn kvarX þ ChscÃmw ZpØn-X-sc-¶-dn-bpI.
kpØ CXn CX-cx kymXv þ aäp {Kl-§-sfÃmw kpØ-cpw B-Ip¶p.

ØnXnsImv {]XnIqeamIp¶ {Kl§Ä

1. auVyw:
 [72]

kqcysâ ASp¯v Hcp {]tXyI]cn[n¡pÅnse¯pt¼mgmWv {Kl§Ä¡p

auVyw F¶ _e¡pdhv DmIp¶Xv.
N{µ³ -þ 12T
IpP³ þ 17T
_p[³ 14T
hymgw þ 11T
ip{I³ þ 10T
i\n 16T
kqcysâ 17T Un{Kn ]cn[n¡pÅn (kqcysâ A¸pdhpw C¸pdhpw) IpP\p
auVyapv. CXpt]mse aäpÅhÀ¡pw AhÀ¡p t\sc ]dª ]cn[n¡pÅnÂ
auVyapv. IpP³, _p[³, ip{I³ F¶o aq¶p {Kl§Ä h{I¯nemsW¦n sNdnb
hyXymkapÅXmbpw ImWp¶p. h{I¯nemsW¦n IpP\pwip{I\pw
T T
8 hscbpw _[\p 12 hscbpw kqcysâ ASp¯p sNÃmw. Kpcphn \pw
i\n¡pw Cu hyXykw ImWp¶nÃ. N{µ\pw kqcysâ 12 Un{Kn ]
cn[n¡pÅn _e¡pdhpv. F¦nepw AXp ]£_e¯nsâ IW¡n hcp¶Xn\mÂ
auVy¯n\p thsd _e¡pdhv FSp¡mdnÃ.

2. \oNØnXn:
A²ymbw 1, tÇmIw 6þ-- {Kl§fpsS \oNØm\§Ä ]dªn «p-
tÃm. B Øm\§fpsS (tcJmwi§fpsS) A¸pd¯pw C¸pd¯pw GItZiw 15 T
hsc \oN¯nsâ tZmjw ImWpw. {Klkv^pShpw \oNØm\hpw X½nepÅ
ASp¸hpw AI¨bpw {Kl_es¯ B\p]mXnIambn _m[n¡p¶p.

3.i{Xpt£{XØnXn:
A²ymbw 1 tÇmIw 21,22Â ]dªn«pÅ {Kl§fpsS an{Xi{Xp
_ÔwXs¶bmWv CXn\SnØm\w. N{µ\v i{Xp¡fnÃm¯ Xn\m N{µsâ
t£{Xamb IÀ¡SIw BÀ¡pw i{Xpt£{XaÃ. F¶m _p[s\ kw_Ôn
¨nSt¯mfw N{µ³ i{XphmIbm _p[t£{X §fmb anYp\hpw I¶nbpw
N{µ\p i{Xpt£{X§fpamWv. (ByntX bsâ at\m`mhamWv {]
[m\sa¶À°w).

4.ZpØm\ØnXn:
 [73]

^eZo]nI A\pkcn¨v 6-þ8þ12 `mh-§-Ä ZpØm\§fpw AhnsS

\n¡p¶ ip`{Kl§Ä XoÀ¯pw ZpÀºecpamWv. PmXIN{µnI A\pkcn¨v
3þ6þ11 Øm\§fpw ZpØm\§fmWv. H¶pIqSn hyàambn ]
dbpIbmsW¦n Cu `mh§fn kqcy³, IqP³, i\n, cmlp, tIXp F¶o ]m]·-
mÀA\pIqe ^ew \ÂIpw. F«n _p[\pw ip{I\pw ]{´n ip{I³ am{Xhp
amWv. A\pIqeambn hcp¶Xv.

ØnXnsImv A\pIqeamIp¶ {Kl§Ä

ta¸dª \mep Xc¯nÂs¸« {Kl-§Ä ZpxØ-cpw (Øn-Xn-sImv
A\p-Iq-e-a-Ãm¯-hbpw) ^e-Zm-\-hn-j-b-¯n {]Xn-Iq-e-hp-amWv.
AÃm-¯h (AXm-bXv Cu tZmj-§Ä CÃm-¯h) kpØcpw AXp-Im-
cWw A-\p-Iq-e-cpw BIp-¶p. H¶pIqSn hyàam¡pI bmsW¦nÂ
tZmj§sfm¶pansæn hn]coX^ew DmIpIbnà Ft¶bpÅq. ip`^eap-
mIWsa¦n D¨w aqe{XtImWw, kzt£{Xw, an{Xt£{Xw XpS§nb
A\pIqe cminIfnepÅ ØnXn BhiyamWv.

N{µ\pw thentbähpw
....Nt{µ hybm-b-X-\p-j-Svkp-X-Im-a-kwtØ
tXmbm-`n-hr-²n-anl iwkXn hr²n-Im-tcy.
Nt{µ þ N{µ³, hyb þ12,Bb þ 11, -X-\p þ1-, j-Sv þ6, kp-X- þ5 Im-a
þ 7 (F¶o Øm\§fnÂ)
kwtØþ \n¶mÂ
tXmbm-`n-hr-²n-anl iwkXn hr²n-Im-tcy...þ
hr²nImcy¯n Pehr²n ]dbWw.

kwKXn Hä hcnbn HXp¡nbt¸mgpmb AhyàX ImcWamImw ]

ecpw ]e Xc¯nemWv CXphymJym\n¨ncn¡p¶Xv.
(1) thentbäw Dm¡pw F¶p \mWp]nÅ Bim³.
(2) CXnt\mSp tbmPn¨psImv sNdphÅn tcmK£bmZn hnjb§Ä¡v
thentbäw KpWasöpw CXpsImv AdnbpIbpw thWw.F¶p IqSn
tNÀ¯ncn¡p¶p.

(3) “If there be a query whether water in a reservoir (or in an irrigation

project) will increase or decrease, increase in water should be predicted if the
 [74]

Moon be in the 12th, 11th, 1st, 6th, 5th or the 7th house (11,12, 1 – 5,6,7) at
the time of the query”. -- G.S.Kapoor

PmXI^ew ]d-bp-¶n-S¯v then-tb-ähpw Pem-i-b-hp-sam¶pw {]k-à-a-

Ã. Hcp ]t£, PmXI^ehpambn _Ôs¸Sp¯mhp¶ GtXm Hcp
kwlnXm\nbaw kqNn¸n¡pIam{XamWv at{´izc³ ChnsS
sNbvXn«pÅXv. AXv GXmsW¶v Is¯nbmte Cu {]iv\¯ns\mcp ]
cnlmcamIq.

(37)
A´-Êm-c-k-ap-¶-X-{Zp-ccptWm hÃo kntXµq kvarXu
KpÂax tIXp-c-lnÝ I-I-\Ku `uamÀ¡Pu IoÀ¯nXu
hmKo-i-Ê-^-temf^-ex -i-in-kptXm £oc-{]-kq-\-{Zpau
ipt{I-µq-hn-[p-tcm-j-[o-È-\n-c-km-cm-KmÝ kme-{Zp-ax.

hr£-mZn Im-c-IXzw
A´-Êm-c- k-ap-¶-X -{Zp- AcptWmþ kqcy\v ImX-epÅ h·-c-§Ä,
hÃo kntXµq kvarXu þ ip{I\pw N{µ\pw eX-IÄ,
KpÂax tIXp- Aln N þ cmlphpwtIXphpw ]pÂs¡mSnIÄ,
I-I-\Ku `uamÀ¡Pu þ IpP\pw i\nbpw apÅpÅ ac-§Ä,
hmKo-i- k-^-tem þ hymgw Imbv¡p¶ hr£-§Ä,
A-^-te i-in-kptXm þ _p[³ Imbv¡m¯ ac§fptSbpw,
£oc-{]-kq-\-{Zpau ipt{I-µq- þ ]mepw ]qhpw DÅh ip{I\pw, N{µ\pw,
hn-[p Hm-j-[o- þ N{µ³ Huj[nIÄ,
i\n- A-km-cm-KmÝ kme-{Zp-ax þ i\n ImXenÃm¯
ac§fpw,]\Ifpw.

1.kqcy³ þ ImX-epÅ h·-c-§Ä,

2. N{µ³ þ eX-IÄ, ]mepw ]qhpw DÅ ac§Ä, Huj[nIÄ
3. IpP³ þ apÅpÅ ac-§Ä
4. _p[³ þ Imbv¡m¯ ac§Ä
5. hymgw þ Imbv¡p¶ hr£-§Ä
6. ip{I³ þ eX-IÄ, ]mepw ]qhpw DÅ ac§Ä
7. i\n apÅpÅ ac-§Ä, ImXenÃm¯ ac§Ä, ]\IÄ
8. cmlp ]pÂs¡mSnIÄ
 [75]

9. tIXp ]pÂs¡mSnIÄ

A²ymbw 3. þ hÀ¤§fpw Awi§fpw

hÀ¤_ew
{Kl§Ä X§fpsS Imc-I-Xzhpw `mhm-[n-]-Xyhpw A\p-k-cn-
¨pÅ ^ew Xcp-¶Xv Ah-cpsS Zi, A]-lmcw XpS-§nb Ime-b-f-hp-I-fn-
em-Wv. C§s\ Ah \ÂIp¶ ^e-§-fpsS IpSpXÂ ¡pd hpIÄ Adnbp-¶-
Xn-\mWv {Kl-_ew IW-¡m-¡p-¶-Xv. AXmbXv _ew A\p-k-cn-
¨mWv {Kl§Ä -^ew \ÂIp-I. _e-an-sÃ-¦n ^ehp-an-Ã. _ew IqSpw-
tXmdpw ^e-Zm-\-ti-jnbpw IqSn hcpw. {Kl§Ä (DZm: eám[n]³)
GsX¦nepw hn[¯n A\p Iqe ambm am{Xw t]mcm, Bhiyamb _ew
IqSn Ds¦nte Ahbv¡p t`Zs¸« ^ew \ÂIm\mIq.

_ew Adn-bp-¶-Xn\v ]e coXn-IÄ \ne-hn-ep-v. ChnsS

BZyw ]d-bp-¶Xv hÀ¤-_-es¯¡pdn-¨m-Wv. hÀ¤_ew ImWp ¶Xn\v
jUvhÀ¤w, k]vX hÀ¤w, ZihÀ¤w, tjmUihÀ¤w F¶n§s\ ]e hÀ¤§Ä
\nehnepv. _ew ImWp¶Xn \pam{Xaà ^e{]hN\¯n\pw Ch
D]tbmKn¡mdpv.

(1)
t£{X- {Xn-`m-K- \-h-`m-K -Z-imw-i- tlm-cmþ
{Xnwimw-i- k-]vX-e-h -j-jvSn-ehmx Iemwimx
tX ZzmZ-imw-i-k-lnXm Zi-hÀ¤-kwÚm
hÀt¤m-¯tam \nP-\ntP `ht\ \hmw-i

ZihÀ¤w.
Hcp cminbpsS 30 Un{Knsb 1, 2, 3, 7, 9, 10, 12, 16, 30, 60
F¶n§s\ ]¯p hn[¯n `mKn¨p ]¯p hÀ¤§fm¡nbXmWv ZihÀ¤w.
1. t£{Xwþ cmin
 [76]

2. {Xn`mKw þ t{Z¡m-Ww
3. \h-`mKw \hmw-iw
4. Zimw-iw
5. tlmcm
6. {Xnwimwiw
7. k]vXehþ k]vXmwiw
8. jjvSnehmþ jjvSywiw
9. Iemwiwþ tjmU-imwiw
10. ZzmZ-imwiw

ZihÀ¤w ]«nI
1 2 3 4 5
cmin tlmc t{Z¡m-W k]vXmw \hmw-i
30/1 30/2 30/3 30/7 30/9
30 T 15T 10T 4Tþ17’þ
3Tþ20’

6 7 8 9 10
Zimw-i ZzmZ-im Iemwi
{Xnwimw jjvSywi
30/10 30/12 30/16 30/30 30/60
3T 2Tþ30’ 1Tþ52’þ30” 1T 1/2T

hÀt¤m-¯aw
hÀt¤m-¯tam \nP-\ntP `ht\ \hmw-ix þ {Klw \n¡p¶ cmin bn Xs¶
Awin-¡p-¶-XmWv hÀt¤m-¯aw. cminbn CS-h-¯n \n¡p¶
N{µ³ \hmw-i-¯nepw CS-h-¯nÂXs¶ \n¶m AXp hÀt¤m-¯-a-am-
bn. hÀt¤m-¯-aapÅ {Kl-¯n\p _ew Dv.

(2)
Zimw-ijjv-SywiIemw-i-lo-\mþ
kvtX k]vX-hÀ¤mÝ hnk-]vX-amwimx
jUzÀ¤-kw-Úm-kvXzY cmin-`m-hþ
Xpeyw \hmw-iky ^ew ln tINn-Xv.
 [77]

k]vX-hÀ¤w
Zimw-i jjv-Sywi Iemw-i- lo-\mx tX k]vX-hÀ¤mx þ
Zi-hÀ¤-¯n Zimw-iw, jjvSyw-iw, Iemwiw Ch-sbm-gn-¨p-ÅXv
k]vX-hÀ¤w.

jUzÀ¤w
hnk-]vX-amwimx jUzÀ¤-kw-Úm-xþ k]vX-hÀ¤-¯nÂ\n¶v
k]vXmwiw Hgn-¨p-ÅXv jUzÀ¤w.

hnhn[hÀ¤§Ä:
ZihÀ¤w k]vXhÀ¤w jUv hÀ¤w
1. cmin 1. cmin 1. cmin
2. tlmc 2. tlmc 2. tlmc
3. t{Z¡mWw 3. t{Z¡mWw 3. t{Z¡mWw
4. k]vXmwiw 4. k]vXmwiw …
5. \hmwiw 5 \hmwiw 4. \hmwiw
6. Zimwiw …. …
7. ZzmZimwiw 6. ZzmZimwiw 5.
ZzmZimwiw
8. Iemwiw .... …. …
9. {Xnwimw 7. {Xnwimwiw 6 {Xnwimw
10. jjvSywiw ….
....
\hmw-i^ew
cmin-`m-hXpeyw \hmw-iky ^ew ln tINn-Xv þ \hmw-i-¯n\v -`m-h
-¯n\v/cmin¡p Xpeyamb -{]m-[m-\y-aps¶mWvNne-cpsS A`n-{]m-
bw.

km[m-cW Hcp Xe-¡p-dnbn {Kl-§-fpsS cminØnXnbpw

\hmw-i-Øn-Xnbpw sImSp-¯ncn¡pw. Ch cpw Xmc-Xayw
sNbvXm {Kl-_-e-¯nsâ Hcp GI-tZicq]w In«pw F¶mWp
hnizmkw. \hmwiw cmin-tb-¡mfpw kq£vaamb `mK-am-b-
Xn-\m \hmwiØnXn¡v cmin-Øn-Xn-tb-¡mÄ {]m[m-\y-aps¶pw
NneÀ ¡`n{]mbapv. DZm-l-c-W-¯n\v, Hcp PmX-I-¯n ip{Isâ
 [78]

cmin-ØnXn \oN-¯nepw \hmw-i-ØnXn D¨-¯n-ep-am-Wv. D¨-¯nse

^ew ]d-bWsa-¶mWv PmX-I-]m-cn-Pm-Xhpw am\-km-K-cnbpw ]
d-bp-¶-Xv. F¶m A\p-`-h-¯n D¨-¯nsâ sa¨tam \oN-¯nsâ tZmjtam
ImWp¶nÃ. ^ew icm-i-cn-bn \n¡p-¶p. AXmbXv \hmwi¯nse \Ã
ØnXnsImp am{XambnÃ: {Kl_ewIqSn DmIW sa¶mWv A\p`hw.

(3)
t£t{Xjp ]qÀ®-apZnXw ^e-a\y hÀt¤-þ
jzÀ²w Iem-Z-i-a-j-jvSn-e-thjp ]mZw
_mex Ipamcx XcpWx {]hbm artXm jUvþ
`mssKx {Iam-ZypPn hn]-cy-ban-Xy-h-Øm.

t£t{Xjp ]qÀ®-w D-ZnXw þ cmin-bn ]qÀ®^ew -]d-b-s¸-Sp¶p.

^ew A\y hÀt¤jp AÀ²w þ aäp hÀ¤-§fn ]Ip-Xn ^ew.
Iem -Z-i-a -j-jvSn -e-thjp ]mZw þ Iemwiw, Zimw-iw,
jjvSywiw
Ch-bn Im ^ew
.hÀ¤hpw _ehpw:
cmin - apgph³,
tlmc, t{Z¡m-Ww, k]vXmwiw,
\hmw-iw, ZzmZ-imwiw, {Xnwimwiw- ]IpXn,
Zimw-i Iemwiw jjvSywiw - ImÂ,

_memZn AhØIÄ
_mex Ipamcx XcpWx {]hbm artXm jUv`mssKx {Iam-Xv AbpPn þ
_meyw, Iuam-cw, buh-\w, hmÀ²Iyw, acWw Cu {Ia-¯n HmP-cm-
in-bn Bdp `mKIÄ hoXapÅ A©v AhØIfpv
hn]-cy-ban-Xy-h-Øm þ bpÜ-cm-in¡p ac-Ww, hmÀ²Iyw, buh-\w,
Iuam-cw, _meyw Cu {Ia-¯nemWv Ah-Ø-I-Ä hcp-¶-Xv.

(4)
t£{X-kymÀ²w ln tlmcm- Xz-bpPn chn-kp-[mwþ
tizmÊ-ta -hy-kvX-ta-XXv
t{Z¡mtWimkv{Xn-`m-ssK-kvX-\p-kp-X-ip-`]m
ZzmZimw-ikvXp eámXv
`uamÀ¡o-UyÚip{Imx iinP ka-ehm
 [79]

tlymPt` bpÜt` XZv

hykvXw {Xnwimw-i-\mYmx {Inb-a-I-c-Xpemþ
IÀ¡-SmZym \hmw-imx.

(5)
bÚw cXv\- P\w [\w \b-]Sw cq]w ebw tNSn\w
tlmcm tbmK-Jew _ew `K-in-Jm-[q-en˦hw {]kz\w
em`w hniz-Znhw [hw cW-[aw jjvSyw-i-Im-tÝm-Pt`
{IqcmJymx kat` hn]-cy-b-anZw tijmkvXp kuaym-lz-bmx.

(6)
kzmXv k]vXmw-i-Z-imw-iIu Xp hnjta
bptÜ Xp Imam-NvOp-`mXv
kzm[o-imÝ Iemw-i]m hn[n-l-coþ
imÀ¡m-Ê-aÀt£f\yYm
JymssXx tImW-bp-ssX-kv{Xn-tIm-W-`-h\
kzÀt£m¨-tI-t{µm-¯-ssaÀþ
hÀ¤m-x k]vX-Zi-{X-tbm-Z-ianXm
hÀ¤mx {]ZnjvSmx ]ssc.

ZihÀ¤hnhcWw

1.cmin .þ taSw XpS§nbh, cmin\mY·-mÀ : `uax ip{I.... (1þ6)

2.tlmc.þ t£{X-ky AÀ²w tlmcm- þcminsb cmbn ]Ip-¯Xp tlmc.
tlmcm-\m-Y-·mÀ: A-bpPn chn, -kp-[mwip þ HmPcm-in-bnÂ
BZytlmc kqcy-sâbpw cm-as¯ tlmc N{µsâbpw.
kta.- hykvXta-X þ bpÜcm-in-bn BZy-tlmc N{µsâbpw cmas¯
tlmc kqcy-sâbpw BIp-¶p.

3.t{Z¡mWw
t{Z¡mtWimx {Xn-`m-ssKx- þ
cminsb aq¶mbn Xncn-¨Xp t{Z¡mWw.
 [80]

t{Z¡mW\m-Y-·mÀ: X-\p -kp-X -ip-`]m þ

eáw, A©v, H¼Xv F¶o `mh§fpsS \mY·-mÀ.

4. ZzmZ-imwiw
ZzmZimw-ikvXp eám þ
cminsb ]{´-mbn Xncn-¨Xp ZzmZ-imwiw
ZzmZimwi\mY·mÀ: {Klw \n¡p¶ cmin apX¡pÅ 12 cminIfmWv
ZzmZimwiw. DZmlcW¯n\v IpP³ \n¡p¶Xv taS¯nÂ. ZzmZimwiw:
taSwapX ao\whsc. Kpcp \n¡p¶Xv Nn§¯nÂ.ZzmZimwiw Nn§w
apXÂ IÀ¡SIwhsc.
ZzmZimwi\mY·mÀ : taSwþIp, CShwþip F¶ {Ia¯nÂXs¶.

5.{Xnwimw-iw
Hcp cminsb ap¸-Xmbn Xncn-¨Xp {Xnwimw-iIw.
{Xnwimw-iI\mY·mÀ (A£ckwJybnÂ):
AÀ¡n CuUy Ú ip{Imx `ua
i\n, Kpcp, _p[³, ip{I³ IpP³
i in P k a
5 5 8 7 5
ehm þ Awi§Ä. HmPt` þ HmPcminbnÂ.
bpÜt` XzvhykvXw þ bpÜcminbn CXn\p hn]coXw.

6.\hmwiw:
Hcp cminsb 3Tþ20 hoXapÅ H¼-Xp `mK§fmbn Xncn-¨Xp \hmw-
iIw.
{Inb -a-I-c -Xpem IÀ¡-SmZym \hmw-imx - taSw (tajmZn), aI-cw
(aI-cmZn), Xpemw, (XpemZn) IÀ¡Sw (IÀ¡ymZn) XpS-§n -\hmw-
i-I-§Ä. tajmZn F¶p ]d-ªm ta-S¯n\pw AXnsâ {XntImWcmin
IÄ¡pw (Nn§w,- [-\p) Hcpt]mse BsW-¶À°w. CXpt]mse aäpÅhbpw.

1 5 9
1. tajmZn: taSw, Nn§w, [\p
2. aIcmZn CShw, I¶n, aIcw
3. XpemZn anYp\w, Xpemw, Ipw`w
4. IÀ¡ymZn IÀ¡Sw hrÝnIw ao\w
 [81]

7.jjvSywiw:Hcp cminsb Adp-]-Xmbn `mKn-¨Xv jjvSywiw.

jjvSyw-i-Imx Hm-Pt` {IqcmJymx þ HmPcm-inbn {Iqc-
mwi§Ä
F¶p t]cmb jjvSyw-i§Ä (A£ckwJybnÂ):

bÚw cXv\ P\w [\w \b- ]Sw cq]w ebw tNSn\w

10 20 80 90 01 11 21 31 61
1 2 8 9 10 11 12 13 16

tlmcm tbmK Jew _ew `K in-em [qen \hw {]kz\w

82 13 23 33 43 53 93 04 24
28 31 32 33 34 35 39 40 42

em`w hniz- Znhw [hw cW [aw

34 44 84 94 25 95
43 44 48 49 52 59

kat` hn]-cy-b-anZw þ
bpÜ-cm-in-bn ({Iqcmwi§Ä) CXn\p hn]-coXambn hcp¶p.
tijmx kuaym-lz-bmxþ
ChnsS ]dbm¯h kuayw F¶p t]cpÅhbmIp¶p.

HmPcminbnÂ:
{Iqcmwi§Ä kuaymwi§Ä
1, 2 3þ7
8þ13 14, 15
16 17þ27
28 29, 30
31þ35 36þ38
39, 40 41
42þ44 45þ47
48þ49 50, 51
52 53þ58
 [82]

59 60

bpÜcminbnÂ:
{Iqcmwi§Ä kuaymwi§Ä
…. 1, 2
3þ7 8þ13
14, 15 16
17þ27 28
29, 30 31þ35
36þ38 39þ40
41 42þ44
45þ47 48þ49
50, 51 52
53þ58 59
60 …

8, 9. k]vXmwihpw. Zimwihpw:
kzmXv k]vXmw-i- Z-imw-iIu Xp hnjta þ k]vXmwi¯nepw
Zimwi¯nepw HmPcminbn AXmXp cmin apXÂ,
bptÜ Xp Imam ip-`mÂþ bpÜcminbn Ggv, H¼Xv cminIÄ apXÂ.

k]vXmwiw. Zimwiw
HmPcminbn AXmXpcminapX AXmXp cminapXÂ
bpÜcminbn Ggmw cminapX H¼XmwcminapXÂ

10. Iemwiw AYhm tjmUimwiw :

Hcp cminsb ]Xn\mdmbn Xncn¨XmWv Iemwiw AYhm
tjmUimwiw. {Klw \n¡p¶ cmin apX XpSÀ¨bmbnhcp¶ ]Xn\mdp
cminIfmWv ]Xn\mdv Awi§Ä.
Iemw-i]m hn[n- l-co Cui AÀ¡m-x -þ
HmP-cm-in-bn {_-Òm-hv, hn-jvWp in-h³, kqcy³ Cu {Ia-¯nepw

k-aÀt£ A\yYmþ bpÜcm-in-bn kqcy³, inh³, hnjvWp, {_Òmhv F¶

{Ia-¯nepw IemwitZhXIÄ BhÀ¯n¨p hcp¶p. aäp aq¶p
hymJym\§fnepw sImSp¯n«pÅ Cu tjmUihÀ¤\mYXzw
(hn[olcoimÀ¡....) sNdphÅnbpsS hymJym\¯n CÃ. kzm[oimÝ,
 [83]

Iemwi]mÝc aptJ jzmZym²tcÝm]XxF¶mWv AhnsS sImSp ¯n

«pÅXv. AXnsâ AÀ°wþþ Cu Iemwiw NccminIfn taSw apXepw
Ønccminbn Nn§w apXepw D`bcminbn [\papXepw {Ia¯mse
IW¡mt¡XmWv. cp ]mT§fpw tNÀ¯p hmbn¡pt¼mtg \nbaw ]qÀ®
amIp¶pÅp.

{XtbmZihÀ¤w:
tImW-bp-ssX-x {Xn-tIm-W-`-h\ kzÀ£ D¨ -tI-{µ- D¯-ahÀ¤
k-]vX-k-l- {X-tbm-Z-ianXm hÀ¤mx {]ZnjvSmx ]tc þ
k]vX-hÀ¤§-fpsS IqsS {Xn-tIm-Ww, aqe{XntImWw, kz-t£{Xw,
-D¨w, -tI-{µw, hÀt¤m-¯aw- Ch Bdpw IqSn Iq«nbXv
{XtbmZihÀ¤w.

ChnsS sNdphÅn Xsâ hymJym\¯n aq¶p tÇmI§fnembn Xpcy

(1/4), hnwi ( 1/20), kn² (1/ 24), \£{X (1/27), NXzmcn (1/40),
kn²thZ (1/45) F¶o Bdv Awi§ÄIqSn hnhcn¡p¶pv. ZihÀ¤¯nsâIqsS
Cu Bdp hÀ¤§ÄIqsS Iq«nbm tjmUihÀ¤ambn. ^eZo]nIbnÂ
tjmUihÀ¤w NÀ¨ CÃm¯Xn\m Cu aq¶p tÇmI§Ä Hgnhm¡nbtXm
{]£n]vXtam Bhmw.

(7)
hÀ¤mt\ymPbXp {Xtbm-Zi kplrXv kzÀt£m-¨-t`jp {IamZvþ
Zznkv{Xnx ]©N-XpÀ¶-hm-{Zn-h-kp-j-Uvkw-Jymkp hÀss¤ IrXx
{]mlp-tÝm-¯-a-]m-cn-Pm-X-I-YnXu knwlm-k\w tKm]pcw
tNssXy-cm-h-X-tZ-h-tem-I-\ctemImw-iÝ ]mcm-hXw.

D¯amwiw XpS§nbh
{Xtbm-ZihÀ¤m³ tbmPbXp þ
(PmXI¯nÂ) {XtbmZihÀ¤w IW¡m¡nbXn {Kl§Ä¡v
kplrXv - an{Xt£{Xw,
kzÀ£w - kzt£{Xw,
D¨`w - D¨t£{Xw, F¶o ap¶v
A\pIqeØm\§fnembn
Zzn {Xn ]© N-Xp \-h A-{Zn h-kp- jUv
2, 3, 5, 4, 9, 7, 8, 6
 [84]

kw-Jymkp hÀss¤x IrXx þ F¶n§s\ hÀ¤ØnXn In«p¶psh¦n B

kwJy A\pkcn¨v {Kl§fpsS ØnXn:
1. D-¯-a - þ D¯-aw-,
2. ]m-cn-Pm-X - þ ]m-cn-Pm-Xw,
3. knwlm-k\ þ knwlm-k\w
4. tKm]pc þ tKm]pcw
5. sFcm-h-X - þ sFcm-h-Xw
6. tZ-h-tem-I- - þ tZ-h-tem-Iw
7. \ctemI þ \ctemIw
8. ]mcm-hXw. - þ ]mcmhXw
F¶o Awi§fnembncn¡pw.
{XtbmZihÀ¤¯n In«nb
kwJy Awiw
9 sFcmhXw
8 \ctemIw
7 tZhtemIw
6 ]mcmhXw
5 knwlmk\w
4 tKm]pcw
3 ]mcnPmXw
2 D¯aw

\ctemI¯n\p ]Icw kpctemIw F¶pw hn[n ({_Ò) temIw F¶pw ]mTt`Zw

ImWp¶pv. Imcy¯n\ÃmsX t]cn\v {]m[m\yw sImSp¡Wsa¶p
tXm¶p¶nÃ. AXpt]mse Nne ]Xn¸pIfn D¯a s¯ ]mcnPmXsa¶pw ]
mcnPmXs¯ D¯a sa¶pw amdn hnfn¡p¶p apv . AXpw Imcys¯
_m[n¡p¶nÃ.

(8)
Bcym-\¸-Kp-WmÀ°-ku-Jy-hn-`-hm³ bx ]mcn-Pm-Xmw-i-Kx
kzmNmcw hn\-bm-\znXw N \n]pWw bZyp-¯-amw-ti -ØnXx
tJtSm tKm]p-c-`m-KKx ip`-aXnw kzt£-{X tKm aµncw
bx knw-lm-k-\tKm \rt]-{µ-Z-bnXw `q]m-e-Xpeyw \cw

.(9)
t{ijvTm-iz-Zzn-]-hm-l-\m-Zn-hn-`hw ]mcm-h-Xm-[n-jvTnXx
 [85]

kÂIoÀ¯nw bZn tZh-tem-I-k-lntXm `qa-WvU-em-[o-izcw

hµyw `q]-Xn-`nx- kp-tc-{µ-k-Z-riw ssXzcm-h-Xmw-i-ØnXx
kZv`mKyw [\-[m\y]p{X-k-lnXw `q]w hnZ-[ymZv {Klx

D¯amwiw (2 _nµp)
kzmNmcw hn\-bm-\znXw \n]pWw D¯-amw-ti -ØnXx þ
Xsâ BNm-c-§-Ä A\pjvTn¡p¶h³, hn\-bw, ss\]p-Wyw.

]mcnPmXmwiw (3 _nµp)
Bcy A\¸-Kp-W AÀ°-ku-Jy-hn-`-hm³ ]mcn-Pm-Xmw-i-Kx =:
t{ijvT³, A[nIKpW-hm³, [\w, kpJw,hn`-h-§Ä.

tKm]p-cmw-iw (4 _nµp)
tKm]p-c-`m-KKx ip`-aXnw kzt£-{XtKm aµncw) :
k·-\-Êv, kz´-ambn `qan, ]ip-¡Ä, hoSv.

knwlm-k\mwi--w (5 _nµp)
knw-lm-k-\tKm\rt]-{µ-Z-bnXw `q]m-e-Xpeyw \cw þ
cmPm-hn\p {]nb³, cmPXpey³.

]mcm-h-Xmw-i--w (6 _nµp) :
t{ijvTm Aiz- Zn-]- hm-l-\m-Zn-hn-`hw ]mcm-h-Xm-[n-jvTnXxþþ
t{ijvT-amb IpXn-c, B\ apX-emb hml-\-§Ä

tZhtem-Imw-i-I-w (7 _nµp) :
kÂIoÀ¯nw bZn tZh-tem-I-k-lntXm `qa-WvU-em-[ oizcwþ
kÂIoÀ¯n, cmPm-hv.

\c-tem-Imwiw (8 _nµp)
.kZv`mKyw [\-[m\y]p{X-k-lnXw `q]w þ
`mKy-hm³, [\w, -[m\yw, ]p{X-·mÀ Ch-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³, cmPm-
hv.
 [86]

sFcm-h-Xmwiw (9 _nµp)
hµyw `q]-Xn-`n-Êp-tc-{µ-k-Z-riw sFcm-h-Xmw-i-ØnXx þ
cmPm-¡-·m-cm¡qSn hµn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-h³, tZth{µ\p Xpey³.

3, 4 hcnIÄ sNdphÅn sImSp¯n«pÅXn\v sNdnsbmcp amäapv.

kZv`mKyw [\[m\y]p{XklnXw `q]w hncn©mwiKx

. (10)
bZzÀtKjz-Jn-tejp arXyp-c-_-te-jz-{Xm-Y -ht£y {Iamþ
¶miw ZpxJ-a-\À°Xmw N hnkpJw _Ôp-{]nbw XZzcw
`qt]jvSw [\n\w \r]w \r]-hcw hÀt¤ _en-jvtT-f Jnte
hÀ²[njvWpw kpJn\w \r]w KZ-arXo _mem-ZyhØm^ew.

ZihÀ¤^ew
hÀt¤jp AJntejp - FÃm (]¯p) ]À¤§fnepw
arXyp A_tejp þ _eansæn acWw
(aäp hÀ¤§fn _eansæn {Ia¯nÂ)
9 hÀ¤¯n _eansænÂþ \miw
8 hÀ¤¯n _eansæn ZpJw,
7 hÀ¤¯n _eansæn A\À°X (A\À°§Ä),
6 hÀ¤¯n _eansænÂþ hnkpJw (kpJanÃmbva),
5 hÀ¤¯n _eansænÂþ _Ôp{]nbw (kzP\§Ä¡p
ths¸«h³)
4 hÀ¤¯n _eansænÂþ XZvhcw(kzP\§fnÂ
t{ijvT³, Xeh³)
3 hÀ¤¯n _eansæn `qt]jvSw (cmPmhn\v
CjvSs¸«h³)
2 hÀ¤¯n _eansænÂþ [\n\w ([\nI³)
1 hÀ¤¯n _eansænÂþ \r]w (cmPmhv)
hÀt¤ _en-jvtS- AJnte þ FÃmhÀ¤§Ä¡pw _eaps¦nÂ
\r]hcw - cmPt{ijvT³, N{IhÀ¯n.

tÇmIw aq¶n ]dª _memZn Ah-Øm-^ew

(_mex Ipamcx XcpWx {]hbm artXm jUv`mssKx ....
hÀ²[njvWpw kpJn\w \r]w KZ-arXo _mem-ZyhØm^ew.)
1.hÀ²njvWpw þ hÀ²n-¡p-¶-h³ (_meyw)
 [87]

2.kpJn\w kpJ-ap-Å-h³, (Iuamcw)

3.\r]w þ cmPmhv (XmcpWyw)
4.KZw þ tcmKw (hmÀ²Iyw)
5.arXn þ acWw (arX)

(11)
jUzÀt¤jp ip`-{K-lm-[n-I-KpssWx
{ioam³ NncwPohXn
{Iqcmwti _lpte hneá`ht\
Zot\m f ¸-Po-h-ÈTx
X¶mYm _ent\m \rt]m- f kvXy-Y- \-hmw-þ
titim ZrKm-tWiztcm
etáix {Ia-i-x kpJo \r]-kax
t£mWo-]-XnÀ`m-Ky-hm³.

jUzÀ¤^ew PmXI¯nÂþþ
jUvhÀt¤jp ip`-{K-l A[n-I- KpssWx {ioam³NncwPohXn þ
eá¯nsâ jUzÀ¤-§-fn ip`-{K-l-§fpsS hÀ¤amWv A[nIw hcp¶sX¦nÂ,
B PmXI³ [\nI\pw ZoÀLm-bp-ÊpÅh\pw BIpw.

{Iqcmwti _lpte hne-á-`-ht\ Zo\x A¸-Po-h-x iTx þ

eá¯n\p {Iqcmw-i-amWv A[n-Iw hcp¶sX-¦n Zo\³, A¸mbpÊv,
iT³. imTyw þ hmin, \nÀ_Ôw
X¶mYm _ent\m \rt]m- þ
eá¯nsâ jUvhÀ¤\mY-·mÀ _e-hm-·m-cm-bn-cp-¶mÂcmPm-hm-Ipw.
\-hmw-titim kpJo þ
\hmw-im-[n-]³ _e-hm-\m-bn-cp-¶m kpJn.
ZrKm-tWiztcm \r]-kax þ
t{Z¡m-Wm-[n-]³ _e-hm-\m-bn-cp-¶m cmP-Xp-ey³.
etáix {Ia-i-x kpJo \r]-kax t£mWo-]-Xnx `m-Ky-hm³. etá-iz-c³ _e-
hm-\m-bn-cp-¶m {Ia¯n kpJnbmbpw cmPXpey\mbpw `mKy-
hm-\mb cmPm-hmbpw `hn-¡pw.

(12)
HmtP {Iqtc f À¡-tlmcmw KX-hXn _e-hm³
 [88]

{Iqc-hr¯nÀ[-\mtVym
bptÜ Nm{µow ipt`jp ZypXn-hn-\-bh-tNm-
lrZyku-`m-Kybpàx
hykvXw hykvtXf{X ant{i ka-^-e-ap-ZnXw
eá-N{µu _enjvTu
X¶mYu Zzu N XZz-ZyZn `hXn Nncw
PohyZpx-Jo- b-i-kzo.

HmPbpÜcmiywi^ew
HmtP HmP- cm-in-bnÂ
AÀ¡tlmcmw kqcy-tlm-c-bn (1þ15T)
{Iqtc ]m]{Kl§Ä
KXhXn \n¶mÂ, ^ew
_ehm³ ià³,
{Iqc-hr¯nÀ[-\mtVym þ --{Iqc³, [\m-Vy³

bptÜ Nm{µow ipt`jp þ

CXpt]mse bpÜ-cm-in-bnÂ, N{µ-tlm-cbnÂ, kuay-{Klw \n¶mÂ
ZypXn- hn-\-b -h-tNm- lr-Zyku-`m-Kybpàþ
Im´n, hn\-bw, hmIvam-[p-cyw, ku`m-Kyw.

hykvXw hykvtX A{X þ CXn\p hn]-co-X-am-bn-cp-¶m hn]-co-X-

^ew.
ant{i ka-^-ew D-ZnXwþ an{i-am-bn-cp-¶m an{i-^-ew

.eá-N{µu _enjvTu X¶mYu Zu N XZz-ZyZn `hXn þ eá¯n\pw N{µ\pw,

AXp-t]mse eám-[n-]\pw N{µe-ám-[n-]\pw, _eaps¦nÂ
NncwPohn AZpx-Jo- b-i-kzo þNncw-Pohnbmbpw ZpxJ-an-Ãm-¯-
h-\mbpw
bi-kzn-bmbpw `hn-¡pw.

C\n hcp¶ 13, 14, 15, 16 tÇmI§Ä sImÃw]Xn¸nenÃ. sNdphÅnbpsS

hymJym\¯n Nne hyXymk§tfmsS sImSp ¯n«papv. ChbnÂ
BZys¯ aqs¶®w t{Z¡mW§fpsS \ma§fpw ^e§fpw \mema t¯Xp
KpfnIs\sh¨p eáw icnbm¡m \pÅ \nbahpamWv.
 [89]

t{Z¡mW§fpsS \ma§fpw ^e§fpw

(13)
knwlmPmiznXpem\rbpÜ`ht\
jz´ym(1) lbmPmZnamx
a²yu kv{Xobatbmcnlmbp[`rXx
]mtim f fnat²ym `thXv
\{ImtZym \nKtfm artK{µLStbmþ
cmtZym hWnMva²ytam
Kr{²mtkym hrj`m´naÝ hnlKx
IÀIymZn tImem\\w.
]mTt`Zw: `ht\jz´ym þ aItcjz´ym

Bbp[t{Z¡mW§Ä
knwl AP Aizn Xpem \rbpÜ `ht\jp A´ym þ
Nn§w, taSw, [\p, Xpemw, anYp\w Cu cminIfpsSA´yt{Z¡mW§fpw,
lbAPBZnau þ
[\p, taSw cminIfpsS BZnt{Z¡mW§fpw,
a²yu kv{Xobatbm... þ
I¶nbptSbpw anYp\¯ntâbpw a²yt{Z¡mW§fpw
Bbp[`rXx - Bbp[t{Z¡mW§Ä.

]mit{Z¡mWw
]mix Afnat²y `thXv.... Afnat²y ]miw þ
hrÝnIw a²yw ]mit{Z¡mWw

\nKft{Z¡mWw
\{ImtZym \nKtfmþ aIcw BZyw: \nKf t{Z¡mWw
Kr{[mkyt{Z¡mW§Ä
artK{µ LStbm BtZym þ Nn§w, Iqw`w ChbpsS BZyw
hWnMv a²ytbm þ Xpemw a²yw
Kr{[mtkmyþ Ch Kr{[apJ t{Z¡mW§Ä.

hnlKt{Z¡mWw
 [90]

hrj`m´naÝ hnlKx þ CShw A´yw ]£nt{Z¡mWw.

tImem\\t{Z¡mWw
IÀIymZn tImem\\w þ
IÀ¡Sw BZyw : tImeapJ (]¶napJ) t{Z¡mWw

(14)
IuÀ]ymZyx IÀISmt´ymQjNcaalnÝmPtKma[yknwlmþ
Zyfy´w kym¨Xpjv]mZnl ^ea[\{Iqc\nµym Zcn{Zmx
ZzµÀt£kypÀZrKmssWc[akaip`m\yØntc tNmXv{ItaW
{]mlpkvXÚvmx ØncÀt£jzip`ip`kamt\yh etá^em\n.

kÀ¸t{Z¡mW§Ä
IuÀ]ymZyx þ hrÝnIw BZn
IÀIS At´ym þ IÀ¡SIw A´yw,
QjNc þ ao\w A´yw Alnx N þ Ch
kÀ¸t{Z¡mW§fpw

NXpjv]mZt{Z¡mW§Ä
AP tKm a[y þ taSw, CShw þ a²yw
knwlmZn þ Nn§w þ BZyw
Afn A´wþ hrÝnIw þ Ahkm\w
NXpjv]mZv þ F¶nh NXpjv]mZ
t{Z¡mW§fpamIp¶p.
t{Z¡mW^ew
Cu t{Z¡mW§Ä DZn¡pt¼mÄ P\n¨mÂ, eáw Cu t{Z¡mW§fnÂ
hcp¶psh¦nÂ,
A[\, {Iqc, \nµym, Zcn{Zmxþ
[\anÃm¯h³, {Iqc³, \nµy³, Zcn{Z³.
ZzµÀt£ kypx ZrKmssWx A[a ka ip`m\n...... þ
P\\w GXp cminbn GXp t{Z¡mW¯nemtWm hcp¶Xv
AXn\\pkcn¨p ip`þAip`þa²ya^e§fpw A\p`hs¸Spw

cmin t{Z¡mWw 1 t{Z¡mWw 2 t{Z¡mWw 3

1. Nccmin D¯aw a²yaw A[aw
2. Ønccmin A[aw D¯aw a²yaw
 [91]

3 D`bcmin A[aw a²yaw D¯aw

(15)
t{ZImtWti kzhÀtK ip`JKklntX
tkzm¨an{XÀ£tK hm
XZzn{Xnwimwi\mtY _ehXn bZn tNþ
ZzmZimwim[nt] hm
tlmcm\mtY XYm tN¶nJneKpWKtWm
\nXyip²{]hotWm
ZoÀLmbpx kym±bmhm³ kpX[\klnXx
IoÀ¯nam³cmPt`mKx.

t{Z¡mtWti þ
(P\\kab¯v DZn¡p¶ eá¯nsâ) t{Z¡mW\mY³þþ
kzhÀtK þ kzhÀ¤¯ntem,
ip`JKklntX ip`{Kl§fpsSIqsStbm,
tkzm¨ þ D¨t£{X¯ntem
an{XÀ£tK þ an{Xt£{X¯ntem \n¡pI;
hm þ AsænÂ
.XZzn{Xnwimwi\mtY _ehXn ....þ{Xnwimwi\mYt\m, ZzmZimwi\mY
t\m,tlmcm\mYt\m _eapmbncn¡pI ;(F¦n B PmXI³)
\nJneKpWKtWm þ kÀhKpWk¼¶³, \nXyip²³,
{]hotWm þ {]KÛ³,
ZoÀLmbpx þ ZoÀLmbpÊpÅh³,
Zbmhm³ þ ZbbpÅh³
kpX[\klnXx þ ]p{X·-mcpw [\hpapÅh³,
IoÀ¯nam³ þ {]ikvX³
cmPt`mKx þ cmPIobamb kpJt`mK§Ä

(16)
amµnØcmin]Xn kwKXk{XntImWw
Xkymwicmin]Xn kwbpXawitImWw
eáw hZ´n KpfnImwiIcmintImWw
XZzZzn[u _ebptX iinss\h hnZymXv.

amµnØcmin]Xn kwKX k{XntImWwþ

 [92]

KpfnI`h\m[n]³ \n¡p¶ cmintbm AXnsâ {XntImW§tfm,

Xkymwicmin]XnkwbpXawitImWw þ
KpfnIAwim[n]³ \n¡p¶ cmin tbm AXnsâ {XntImW§tfm,
KpfnI AwiI cmin tImWw þ
KpfnI³ AwiIn¨ cmintbm AXnsâ {XntImW§tfm,
eáw hZ´n þ PmXIsâ eáambncn¡pw.
XZz Zzn[u _ebptX iin\nss\h hnZymXv. þ
N{µ\p _eaps¦n CXpt]mse N{µ_ÔapÅ cminbmbpw hcmw.

(17)
Ipcym-Zm-ß-kp-lr-±r-Km-W-K-iio
IeymW-cq]w KpWw
t{ibmw-kyp-¯-a-hÀ¤-P-kvXz-]-c-Kþ
- kvX-¶m-Y-Pm-Xm³ KpWm³
kz{Xnw-imw-i-K-Xm -{Klm hnZ[tX
XXvIm-c-I-tXzm-ZnXw
Xss{XtIm f ]n kplrZv{Ktl-£n-X-bpXx
tkzmt¨ f À°bpàw \r]w.

N{µØnXn^ew
Ipcym-Zm-ß-kp-lr-±r-Km-W-K-iio IeymW-cq]w KpWw þ
N{µ³ Xsâ _Ôp t{Z¡m-W-¯n \n¡p-I-bm-sW-¦n sFiz-cy-I-c-
ambcq]-t¯mSpw KpWt¯mSpw IqSn-b-h-\m-bn-cn-¡pw.
t{ibmw-kyp-¯-a-hÀ¤-P-x þ
hÀt¤m-¯-amw-i-¯n-em-sW-¦n t{ib-Êp-IÄ Dm-Ipw.
]-c-K-x X-¶m-Y -Pm-Xm³ KpWm³þ aäphn[-¯n-em-sW-¦n AXmXv
`mhm[n-]-·mÀs¡m¯ KpW-§Ä sN¿pw.

{Xnwimwi^ew
kz{Xnw-imw-i-K-X -{Klm hnZ[tX X¡m-c-I-tXzm-ZnXwþ
Ah-c-h-cpsS {Xnwim-i-§sf {]m]n¨ {Kl-§Ä GtXXp Imc-I-Xz-t¯m-
Sp-Iq-Sn-btXm B ^e-§Ä \ÂIpw.
X{X GIx A]n kplrXv{Kl- Cu£n-X, -kplrXv{KlbpX, kzDt¨ þ Ch-bnÂ
Hcp {Klsa¦nepw an{X-{K-l-¯nsâ ZrjvSn-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-tbm an{X-
{K-l-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-tbm Xsâ D¨cminbn \n¶mÂ
AÀ°bpàw \r]w þ [\n-I-\mb cmPm-hm-bn-¯o-cpw.
 [93]

(18)
tkzmt¨ {]Zo]vXx kpJnXkv{XntImtW
kzØx -kz-tKtl apZn-X-Êp-lrZvt`
im´kvXp kuay-{KlhÀ¤-bpàx
itàm atXmfku -kv^p-S-c-ivan-Pmex

(19)
{Klm-`n-`q-Xx- k- \n-]o-Un-Xx- kymXv
JekvXp ]m]-{KlhÀ¤-bmXx
kZpx-Jn-X -i-{Xp-Krtl {Ktlt{µm
\otN- f Xn-`otXm hnI-tem-fkvX-bmXx

{]Zo]vXmZn AhØIÄ
1. tkzmt¨ {]Zo]vXw þ D¨¯n {]Zo]vXw,
2. kpJnXx {XntImtW þ {XntImW¯n kpJnXw,
3. kzØx -kz-tKtl þ kzt£{X¯n kzØw,
4. apZn-X-Êp-lrZvt` þ an{Xt£{X¯nÂ
apZnXw,
5. im´kvXp kuay-{Kl hÀ¤-bpàxþ ip`hÀ¤¯n im´w,
6. itàm atXm- kv^p-S-c-ivan-Pmex þ ]qÀ®civanIfpÅt¸mÄ
(auVyw XpS§nb adhpIÄ CÃm¯t¸mÄ) iàw,
7. {Klm-`n-`q-Xx- \n-]o-Un-Xx- þ bp²¯nÂtXmä {Klw
]oUnXw,
8. Jex]m]-{KlhÀ¤-bmXx þ ]m]hÀ¤¯n Jew,
9. kZpx-Jn-X -i-{Xp-Krtl þ i{Xpt£{X¯n ZpJnXw,
10 .\otN A-Xn-`otXm þ \oN¯n `oXw,
11. hnI-tem- AkvX-bmXx þ auVy¯n hnIew.

(20)
]q˨w {]Zo]vXm hnI-emkvXp iq\yw
at²y- f \p-]m-Xm¨ ip`w {ItaW
A\p-{I-ta-Wm-ip-`-tah IpcypÀ-þ
\mam\pcq]mWn ^em\n tXjmw.

{]Zo]vXmZn AhØm^ew
]qÀ®w {]Zo]vXm þ {]Zo]vXmhØbn ]qÀ®^ew.
 [94]

hnI-emkvXp iq\yw þ hnIemhØbn iq\y^ew

at²y- A\p-]m-Xm¨ ip`w {ItaW þ CSbnepÅ AhØIÄ
{Ia¯n ip`hpw
A\p-{I-ta-W Aip-`-tah Ipcypþ Aip`hpw
\mam\pcq]mWn ^em\n tXjmw AhbpsS t]cpIÄ kqNn
¡p¶Xpt]mse sN¿p¶p.
ØnXn AhØ ^eZm\tijn
1. tkzmt¨ {]Zo]vXw D¨w {]Zo]vXw +100 %
2. kpJnX {XntImtW aqe-{Xn-tImWw kpJnXw
+80 %
3. kzØx -kz-tKtl kzt£-{Xw- kzØw +75 %
4. apZn-X-Êp-lrZvt` þ an{X-t£-{Xw- apZn-Xw
+60 %
5. im´kvXp kuay-{Kl ip`hÀ¤w im´w +50 %
6. itàm atXm-ku. ... -]qÀ®-c-ivan- iàw +40 %
7. {Klm-`n-`qXÊ\n-]o-Un-X {Klbp²-¯n tXmä {Klw
]oUn-Xw (iq\yw) 0
8. JekvXp ]m]-{Kl... ]m]-hÀ¤-w Jew þþ40 %
9. kZpx-Jn-X -i-{Xp-Krtl þ i{Xp-t£-{Xw ZpJn-Xw þ
-þ 50 %
10. \otN AXn-`oX þ \oN `oXw þþ60 %
11. hnI-tem- AkvX-bmXþ auVy-w hnI-ew þþ75 %
({]Zo-]vXmZn Ah-Øm^ew: + A\pIqew, þþ {]XnIqew):


 [95]

അനുബന്ധം þ 1 -
{Kl§fpsS hÀ¤_ew: : KWnX`mKw
വിശദീകരണങ്ങളും ഉദാഹരണങ്ങളും
DZmlcWPmXIw
P\\w: 10þ6þ1945, 1þ36 F.Fw., XriqÀ.

{Klkv^pSw :
IpP³ ip{I³ _p[³ N{µ³ kqcy³ i\n Kpcp
5þ42 10þ46 48þ00 50þ49 55þ31 77þ61 145þ26
{KlØnXn :
IpP³ ip{I³ _p[³ N{µ³ kqcy³ i\n hymgw
taSw taSw CShw CShw CShw anYp\w Nn§w
5Tþ42’ 10Tþ46’ 18Tþ0’ 20Tþ49’ 25Tþ31’ 17Tþ51 ’
25Tþ26’

hÀ¤§Ä

jUzÀ¤w
1 2 3 4 5 6
cmin tlmc t{Z¡m -\hmw-ZzmZ- {Xnwimw
30/1 30/2 30/3 30/9 30/12 30/30
30T 15T 10T 3Tþ20’ 2Tþ30 1T

k]vXhÀ¤w
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
cmin tlmc t{Z¡m- k]vX \hmw- ZzmZi {Xnwimw
30/7 4Tþ17’þ18”

ZihÀ¤w
.12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
cmintlmct{Z¡m- k]vX \hmw- Zimw- ZzmZimw –Iem {Xnwi jjvSywi
… … … … 30/10 … 30/16 … 30/60
 [96]

3T 1Tþ52þ30 1/2T

13.{XtbmZihÀ¤w
k]vX-hÀ¤§-fpsSIqsS {Xn-tIm-Ww, aqe{XntImWw, kz-t£{Xw,
-D¨w, tI-{µw, hÀt¤m-¯aw- Ch BdpwIqSn Iq«nbXv
{XtbmZihÀ¤w.

1.cmin 2. tlmc 3.t{Z¡m-Ww 4.k]vXmw

5.\hmw-i
6.ZzmZ-im 7.{Xnwimw 8.{XntImWw
9.aqe{XntImWw
10.kzt£{Xw11.D¨w 12.tI

ZihÀ¤w ImWp¶Xnsâ Dt±iw

cminapX jjvSywiwhscbpÅ ]¯p hÀ¤§fnse ØnXn {Kl§sf
kw_Ôn¨nS-t¯mfw D¨w, aqe{XntImWw, kzt£{Xw, an{X t£{Xw, ka
t£{Xw, i{Xpt£{Xw, \oNw, auVyw XpS§nb GsX¦nepw Øm\§fn
emWtÃm hcpI. D¨¯nse ØnXn {Kl§Ä¡p ]qÀ® _ew
sImSp¡pt¼mÄ \oN¯nse _ew iq\yamWv. AXpt]mse kzt£{X¯n (+)
75% _ew In«p¶ {Kl¯n\p i{Xpt£{X¯n In«pI (þþ) 50% _eamWv.

{Kl§fpsS an{Xi{Xp_Ôhpw
an{Xi{XphÀ¤§fpw

^e-Zo-]nI cmw A²ymb¯n (tÇmIw 21-þ22) hnhcn¨

ss\kÀ¤nI an{Xi{Xp_ÔwXs¶bmWv ChnsS ]dbp¶ an{Xi{Xp t£
{X§Ä¡pw ASn Øm\w: an{X¯nsâ cmin an{Xt£{Xw; i{Xp hnsâ
cmin i{Xpt£{Xhpw. BXntYb{Kl¯n\v Xsâ cminbn h¶p \n¡p¶
{Kl¯nt\mSpÅ at\m`mhamWv CXn¶SnØm\w. DZmlcW¯n\v Hcp
PmXI¯n N{µ³ \n¡p¶Xv Ipw`¯n emsW¶p IcpXpI. i\n¡p N{µ³
i{XphmbXn\m N{µsâ ØnXn i{Xpt£{X¯nemWv. N{µ\p
i{Xp¡fnÃm¯Xn\m AXp kat£{X amsW¶p ]dbp¶Xp sXämWv.
 [97]

an{X ka i{Xp_Ôw
{Klw an{Xw ka³ i{Xp
kqcy\v NIpKp _p ipa
N{µ\v c_p IpKp-ipa CÃ
IpP\v cNKp ip a _p
_p[\v c ip IpKpa N
Kpcp-hn\v cNIp a _pip
ip{I\v _pa IpKp cN
i\n¡v _pip Kp cNIp

ZihÀ¤KW\ :
hÀ¤_ew ImWp¶ coXnbpw
DZmlcWPmXI¯n {Kl§fpsS hÀ¤_ehpw

cminbpw cmin\mY·mcpw
1 2 3 4 5 6
taSw CShw anYp\w IÀ¡ Nn§w I¶n
Ip ip _p N c _p
7 8 9 10 11 12
Xpemw hrÝn [\p aIcw Ipw`w aov\w
ip Ip Kp a a Kp

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse cminØnXn:
{Klw Ip ip _p N c a Kp eáw
cmin taSw taSw CShw CShw CShw anYp Nn§w ao\w
\mY³ Ip Ip ip ip ip _p c Kp
_Ôw aqe ka an{X aqe i{Xp ka an{X þþ

tlmcbpw tlmcm\mY·-mcpw
cminsb cmbn ]Ip-¯Xp tlmc.
tlmcm-\m-Y-·mÀ:
HmPcm-in-bn BZy-tlmc kqcy-sâbpw cm-as¯ tlmc N{µsâbpw.
bpÜcm-in-bn t\sc adn¨v, BZy-tlmc N{µsâbpw cm-as¯ tlmc kqcy-
sâbpw.
HmPcmin bpÜcmin
(1) (2)
 [98]

1T þ 15T 16T þ 30T

taSw -c N
CShw N c
anYp\w c N
IÀ¡Sw N c
Nn§w c N
I¶n N c
Xpemw c N
hrÝnIw N c
[\p c N
aIcw N c
Ip`w c N
ao\w N c
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse tlmcmØnXn:
{Klw c N Ip _p Kp ip a
tlmc kqcy kqcy kqcy kqcy N{µ kqcy N{µ
_Ôw kz an{X an{X ka ka i{Xp ka

t{Z¡mWw
t{Z¡mtWim {Xn`mssK... - cminsb aq¶mbn Xncn-¨Xp t{Z¡mWw.
t{Z¡mWw 1 2 3
]cn[n T
1 þ 10 T 11 þ 20T
T 21T þ
30T
t{Z¡mW\m-Y-·mÀ: -
BZy-t{Z-¡mWw cmiym[n]³
a²yt{Z-¡mWw þ A©mw cminbpsS A[n]³
A´yt{Z-¡mWw þ H¼Xmw cminbpsS A[n]³.
\mY·-mÀ: taSw þ Ip, CShw þ ip .... ao\w þ Kp F¶ {Ia¯n Xs¶.
t{Z¡mW\mY ]«nI
t{Z¡mWwþ1 t{Z¡mWwþ2 t{Z¡mWwþ3
1T þ 10T 11T þ 20T 21T þ30T
1.taSw Ip c Kp
2.CShw ip _p a
3.anYp\w _p ip a
4.IÀ¡Sw N Ip Kp
 [99]

5.Nn§w c Kp Ip
6.I¶n _p a ip
7.Xpemw ip a _p
8.hrÝnIw Ip Kp N
9.[\p Kp Ip c
10. aIcw a ip _p
11.Ipw`w a _p ip
12.ao\w Kp N Ip
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse t{Z¡mWØnXn:
{Klw c N Ip _p Kp ip a
t{Z¡mWw aIcw aIcw taSw I¶n taSw Nn§w Xpemw
\mY³ a a Ip _p Ip c ip
_Ôw i{Xp i{Xp kz kz an{X i{Xp an{X

k]vXmwiw
Hcp cminsb Ggmbn `mKn¨Xp k]vXmwiw.
k]vXmwi\mY·-mÀ:
1. HmPcminbn þAXmXp cminapXÂ
2. bpÜcminbn þGgmw cminapXÂ
k]vXmwi]«nI (1 taSw, A[n]³ Ip F¶ {Ia¯nÂ)
Awiw 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
]cn[n 4--þ17-þ8 8þ34þ17 12þ51þ26 17þ8þ34
21þ25þ42 25þ42þ51 30þ0þ0
taSw 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
CShw 8 9 10 11 12 1 2
anYp\w 3 4 5 6 7 8
9
IÀ¡Sw 10 11 12 1 2 3 4
Nn§w 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
I¶n 12 1 2 3 4 5 6
Xpemw 7 8 9 10 11 12
1
hrÝnI 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
9[\p 9 10 11 12 1 2 3
10. aIcw 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ipw`w 11 12 1 2 3 4 5
 [100]

ao\w 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse k]vXmwiØnXn
{Klw c N Ip _p Kp ip a
Awiw taSw ao\w CShw ao\w aIcw anYp\w
Xpemw
\mYÀ Ip Kp ip Kp a _p ip
_Ôw an{X an{X ka i{Xp ka an{X an{X

\hmwiw
Hcp cminsb 3Tþ20’ hoXapÅ H¼-Xp `mK§fmbn Xncn-¨Xp \hmw-
iIw.
{Kq¸v 1 5 9
1. tajmZn: taSw, Nn§w, [\p
2. aIcmZn CShw, I¶n, aIcw
3. XpemZn anYp\w, Xpemw, Ipw`w
4. IÀ¡ymZn IÀ¡Sw hriNnIw ao\w

\hmwi ]«nI (1 taSw, A[n]³ Ip F¶ {Ia¯nÂ)

cmin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
]cn[n 3þ20 6þ40 10þ00 13þ20 16þ40 20þ00
23þ20 26þ40 30þ00
taSw 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
CShw 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6
anYp\w 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3
IÀ¡Sw 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Nn§w 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
I¶n 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6
7Xpemw 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3
hrÝnIw 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
[\p 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
aIcw 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6
Ipw`w 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3
ao\w 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
 [101]

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse \hmwiØnXn
{Klw c N Ip _p Kp ip a
Awiw Nn§w IÀ¡ CShw anYp\ hrÝn IÀ¡ ao\w
\mY³ c N ip _p Ip N Kp
_Ôw kz kz ka kz an{X ka ka

Zimwiw
Hcp cminsb ]¯p `mKam¡nbXmWv Zimwiw
Zimwi\mY·-mÀ
HmPcminbn AXmXp cminapXÂ
bpÜcminbn H¼Xmw cminapXÂ
Zimwiw ]«nI 1 taSw, A[n]³ Ip F¶ {Ia¯nÂ)
Awiw 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
]cn[n 3T 6T 9T 12T 15T 18T 21T 24T 27T
30T
taSw 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
CShw10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
anYp\w 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
IÀ¡S 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Nn§w 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2
I¶n 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Xpemw 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4
hrÝn 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1
[\p 9 10 11 12 1 2 1 2 3 4
aIcw 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3
Ipw`w 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8
ao\w 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse ZimwiØnXn:
{Klw c N Ip _p Kp ip a
Awiw I¶n IÀ¡ CShw IÀ¡ taSw IÀ hrÝn
\mY³ _p N ip N Ip N Ip
_Ôw an{X kz ka an{X an{X ka k
 [102]

ZzmZ-imwiw
cminsb ]{´-mbn Xncn-¨Xp ZzmZ-imwiw.
ZzmZimwi\mY·mÀ: {Klw \n¡p¶ cminapX 1 apX 12
hscbpÅXmWv ZzmZimwiw. DZmlcW¯n\v IpP³ \n¡p¶Xv
taS¯nÂ. ZzmZimwiw taSw apX ao\w hsc.Kpcp \n¡p¶Xv
Nn§¯nÂ. ZzmZimwiw Nn§w apX IÀ¡SIwhsc.
\mY·-mÀ taSwþIp, CShwþip F¶ {Ia¯n Xs¶.

Awiw 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
]cn[n 2þ30 5þ007þ30 10þ00 12þ30 15 17þ30 20 22þ30 25 27þ30
30
taSw 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
CShw 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1
anYp 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2
IÀ¡ 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3
Nn§w 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4
I¶n6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5
Xpemw 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5
6
hrÝn 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
[\p 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
aIcw 10 11 12 12 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Ipw`w 11 12 12 34 5 6 7 8 9 10
ao\w 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse ZzmZimwiØnXn
{Klw c N Ip _p Kp ip a
Awiw ao\w aIcw anYp [\p anYp Nn§w aIcw
\mY³ Kp a _p Kp _p c a
_Ôw an{X i{Xp ka i{Xp ka i{Xp kz

tjmUimwiw
Hcp cminsb ]Xn\mdmbn Xncn¨XmWv tjmUimwiw AYhm Iemwiw.
tjmUimwi\mY·-mÀ cmiym[n]{Ia¯n Xs¶. tjmUimwiw:
Nccminbn taSwapX IÀ¡SIwhsc
Ønccminbn Nn§wapX hrÝnIw hsc
D`bcminbn [\papX ao\whsc
 [103]

tjmUimwiw ImWp¶ coXn

DZmlcWw IpPkv^pSw : taSw 5þ42 . (taSw Nccmin)
CXp hnIebnem¡pt¼mÄ 5 x 60 =300. 300+42 = 342.
342 x 60 = 20520 hnIe
tjmUimwiw = 6750 hnIe
20520þÂ F{X 6750 Dv ? = .04 = 4
taS¯nÂ\n¶pw \memas¯ cmin = IÀ¡Sw
cmin\mY³ = N{µ³
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse tjmUimwi\mY·-mÀ
{Klw c N Ip _p Kp ip a
Awiw I¶n IÀ¡Sw IÀ¡Sw CShw I¶n I¶n I¶n
\mY³ _p N N ip _p _p _p
_Ôw an{X kz ka an{X ka an{X ka

{Xnwimw-iw
Hcp cminsb ap¸-Xmbn Xncn-¨Xp {Xnwimw-iIw.
{Xnwimw-iI\mY·mÀ:
HmPcminIfnÂ: 5 5 8 7 5
]cn[n 1þ5T 6þ10T 11þ18T 19þ25T
26þ30T
{Xnwimwiw: taSw Ip`w [\p anYp\w Xpemw
{Xnwimwi\mY: Ip a Kp _p ip

BpÜcminIfn 5 7 8 5 5
]cn[n 1þ5T T T
6þ10 11þ18 19-þ25 T 26þ30T
\mY·-mÀ ip _p Kp a Ip

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse {Xnwimwi\mY·-mÀ
{Klw c N Ip _p Kp ip a
\mY³ Ip a a Kp ip Kp Kp
_Ôw an{X i{Xp i{Xp i{Xp ka i{Xp ka

jjvSywiw
Hcp cminsb Adp-]-Xmbn `mKn-¨Xv jjvSywiw.
HmPcm-inbn {Iqc-mwi§Ä:
 [104]

1 2 8 9 10 11 12 13 16
28 31 32 33 34 35 39 40 42
43 44 48 - 49 52 59
tijn¨h kuaymwi§Ä. bpÜ-cm-in-bn CXn\p hn]-coXambn hcp¶p.

jjvSywiw ]«nI
HmPcminbnÂ
{Iqcmwiw kuaymwiw
1, 2 3–7
8-13 14,15
16 17-27
28 29, 30
31-35 36-38
39, 40 41
42-44 45--47
48, 49 50--52
53 54--58
59 60

bpÜcminbnÂ
{Iqcmwiw kuaymwiw
….. 1, 2
3-7 8-13
14, 15 16
17–27 28
29,30 31—35
36-38 39, 40
41 42-44
45
46,47 48,49
50--52 53
54-58 59
 [105]

60

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse jjvSywiØnXn
{Klw: kqcy³N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³Kpcp ip{I³i\n
hÀ¤w: {Iqc kuay {Iqc {Iqc kuay kuay kuay

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse hÀ¤_ew
(1) jUzÀ¤w
c N Ip _p Kp ip a
1. cmin ip ip Ip ip c Ip _p
2. tlmc c c c c N c N
3. t{Z¡m a a Ip _p Ip c ip
4. \hmwiwc N ip _p Ip N Kp
5. ZzmZimw Kp a _p Kp _p c
a
6. {Xnwimw Ip a a Kp ip Kp
Kp
ip`hÀ¤w 2 1 1 3 1 1 3
]m]hÀ¤w 4 5 5 3 5 5 3

(2) ZihÀ¤w:
c N Ip _p Kp ip a
1. cmin i{Xp aqe{Xn aqe{Xn an{X an{X
ka ka
2. tlmc kz an{X an{X ka ka i{Xp ka
3. t{Z¡mWwi{Xp i{Xp aqe aqe an{X i{Xp
D¨w
4. k]vXmwan{X an{X ka \oN \oN an{X an{X
5. \hmwi kz kz ka kz an{X ka ka
6. Zimwi an{X kz ka an{X an{X ka ka
7. ZzmZim an{X i{Xp ka i{Xp ka i{Xp
kz
8 Iemwiwan{X kz \oNw an{X ka an{X ka
9. {Xnwimw an{X i{Xp i{Xp i{Xp ka i{Xp
ka
10. jjvSywi{Iqc kuay {Iqc {Iqc kuay kuay kuay
 [106]

A\pIqew(]¯nÂ)7 7 3 5 5 3 4

(3) {XtbmZihÀ¤w
c N Ip _p Kp ip a
1.cmin ip ip Ip ip c Ip _p
2.tlmc c c c c N c N
3.t{Z¡m-Ww a a Ip _p Ip c ip
4.k]vXmwiw Ip Kp ip Kp a _p ip
5.\hmw-iw c N ip _p Ip N Kp
6.ZzmZ-imwiw Kp a _p Kp _p c
a
7.{XnwimwiwIp a a Kp ip Kp Kp
8. {XntImWw .. .. … .. …
9.aqe{XntImWw N Ip … … … …
10. kzt£-{Xw … .... ... … … …
11. D¨w … … … … …
…
12. tI{µw … … … … … … a
13. hÀt¤¯aw… … … … … … …
In«nb kwJy 2 2 3 2 ... .... 2

 þ
 [107]

A²ymbw 4 : jUv_ew
N{µ-{In-b, N{µmhØ, N{µ-th-e N{µthf
(1)
hocyw jUvhn[-aml Ime-P-_ew
tNjvSm-_ew tkzm¨Pw
ZnKzocyw Xzb-t\m-Ûhw Znhn-jZmw
Ømt\m-Zv`hw N {IamXv
\niym-tc-µz-knXmx(1)]tc -Zn-hn- kZm
Úx ip¢-]t£ ip`mx
IrjvtWft\y N \nPm-_vZ-am-k-Zn-\-tlmþ-
cmkzmw-{Ln-hr²ym {IamXv.
]mT-t`Zw: knX þ ip{I³

jUv_ew
ZnhnjZmw þ {Kl§Ä¡v
hocyw jUvhn[-aml þ _ew Bdphn[w
{IamXv þ {Ia¯nÂ:
Ime-P-_ew - þ Ime-_-ew (1)
tNjvSm _ew þ tNjvSm-_ew (2)
tkzm¨Pw þ D¨-_-ew (3)
ZnIv hocyw þ ZnKv_-ew (4)
Ab-t\m-Ûhw þ Ab-\-_-ew (5)
Ømt\mÛhw þ Øm\-_ew (6)

tlmcmimkv{X¯n A©p {Kl_e§sf¡pdn¨p ]dbp¶Xv sa¨ s¸Sp¯epIÄ¡p

hnt[bambn ^eZo]nIbn F¯nbt¸mÄ Bdp _e§fmbn. C¶p
{]Nmc¯nepÅ coXnbnepw Bdp _e§fmWv fÅXv. ]t£, hniZmwi§fnÂ
hyXymkapv.

tlmcmimkv{X¯n ^eZo]nIbn C¶s¯ coXn

 [108]

Øm\_ew, Øm\_ew Øm\_ew

ZnKv_ew, ZnKv_ew ZnKv_ew
tNjvSm_ew, tNjvSm_ew, tNjvSm_ew
Ime_ew, Ime_ew, Ime_ew
ss\kÀ¤nI_ew D¨_ew, ss\kÀ¤nI_ew
…. Ab\_ew, ZrIv_ew

]pXnb coXn{]Imcw Øm\_e¯n D¨_ew, k]vXhÀ¤P _ew,

HmPbpÜcmiywi_ew, tI{µ_ew, t{Z¡mW_ew F¶n§s\ A©p _e§fpw
Ime_e¯n \tXm¶X_ew, ]£_ew, {Xn`mK _ew, A_vZ_ew, amk_ew,
hmc_ew,tlmcm _ew, Ab\_ew, bp²_ew F¶n§s\ F«p _e§fpw
AS§nbncn¡p¶p. C¶p s]mXpsh {]Nmc¯nepÅ Cu coXn
A\pkcn¨mWv Cu A²ymb ¯nsâ A\p_Ô¯n IW¡p sNbvXv
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse {Kl§fpsS jUv_ew In«pÅXv.

Znhcm{Xn_ew (\tXm¶X_ew)
kZm Úx þ _p[\v FÃmbvt¸mgpw
\nin B-c- Cµzp A-knXmx þ IpP³, N{µ³, i\n F¶nhÀ¡p
cm{Xnbnepw
]tc Znhn þ aäpÅhÀ¡p (chn, Kpcp, ip{I³)
]Iepw (Cu _ew e`n¡p¶p)

]£_ew
ip¢-]t£ ip`mx þ shfp¯ ]£-¯n ip`-{K-l-§Ä¡pw,
IrjvtW At\y N þ Idp¯ ]£-¯n ]m]{K-l-§Ä¡pw
_e-apv.

hÀjþamkþZnhkþtlmcm[n] _ew
\nPA_vZ-am-k-Zn-\-tlmcm þ X§-fpsS hÀjw, amkw, Znh-kw, tlmc
F¶-nh-I-fnepw (hÀjm-[n-]³, amkm-[n-]³,Znh-km-[n-]³, tlmcm-[n-]³
F¶n-hÀ¡pw)
Aw-{Ln-hr²ym {Iam þ ]mZ-{I-a-¯n (Ime-_-e-ap-v.)

_ew:
hÀjm-[n-]³ amkm-[n-]³ Znh-km-[n-]³ tlmcm-[n-]³
 [109]

1/ 1/ 3/ 1
4 2 4
15 30 45 60 jjvSywiw:
{Kl_ew IW¡m¡p¶Xv cq]bnemWv (60 jjvSywiw = 1 cq])

(2)
cmIm-N-{µky tNjvSm-_-e-ap-Z-K-bt\
`mkztXm h{I-Km\mw
bpt² tNmZ-IvØn-Xm\mw kv^pS-_-lp-e-cpNmw
tkzm¨-ho-cyw kzXpwtK
ZnKzocyw tJ fÀ¡-`uau kplrZn iin-knXu
hnZvKpcq eá-Ku- tNþ
·tµ f kvtX bmayamÀt¤ _p[-i-\n-i-int\m f þ
t\y f b-\mtJy ]c-kvan³.

tNjvSm_ew
cmIm N-{µky þ N{µ\p shfp¯hmhn\pw,
DZ-K-bt\ `mkztXm þ kqcy-\v D¯cm-bW¯nepw,
h{I-Km\mw þ aäp {Kl-§Ä¡p h{I-¯nepw,
bpt² DZ-Iv Øn-Xm\mw þ {Kl-bp-²-¯n hS-¡p-Å-hbv¡pw,
kv^pS-_-lp-e-cpNnw þ ip²civanIÄ A[nIw DÅ
{Kl§Ä¡pw (tNjvSm-_-e-ap-v.)

kqcysâ tNjvSm_ew Ab\_e¯nepw N{µsâ tNjvSm_ew ]£_e ¯nepw A

´À¤XamWv. IpP³, _p[³, hymgw, ip{I³, i\n F¶o Xmcm {Kl§Ä¡p
tNjvSm_ew hcp¶Xv h{IKXn bnemWv. C¶s¯ coXn A\pkcn¨v ]
£_ew, Ab\_ew, bp²_ew F¶nh Ime_e ¯nepw h{I_ew
tNjvSm_e¯nepw hcp¶p.

D¨-_ew
tkzm¨-ho-cyw kzXpwtK -þ
kz´w D¨-cm-in-bn \n¡p¶{Kl-¯n\v D¨-_ew Dv.

ZnKv_ew
tJ AÀ¡-`uau þ ]¯n kqcy\pw IpP-\pw
kplrZn iin-knXu þ \men N{µ\pw ip{I\pw
 [110]

hnZvKpcq eá-Ku- þ eá-¯n _p[\pw Kpcphpw

atµm AkvtX þ Ggn i\n¡pw
ZnKzocyw þ ZnIv_ew (Dv.)

`mhw 10 4 1 7
{Klw cIp Nip _pKp a

Ab-\-_ew
bmayamÀt¤ þ Z£n-Wm-b-\-¯nÂ
_p[-i-\n-i-int\m þ _p[\pw -i-\nbpw N{µ\pw,
At\yAb-\mtJy þ D-¯-cm-b-\-¯n-Â
]c-kvan³ þ aäp{Kl-§Ä¡pw (c,Ip,Kp,ip)
Ab-\-_-e-ap-v.

(3)
tkzm¨- kzÀ£- kp-lr-ZvKrtljp _en\x
jSvkp kzhÀt¤jp hm
t{]màw Øm\-_ew NXp-jvS-b-ap-JmXv
]qÀ®mÀ²]mZmx {IamÂ
a²ym-Zy-´K jWvU-aÀXy-h-\nXmx tJSm
_enjvTmx {IamXv
aµm-c-Ú-Kp-cq-it\m f _vPc-htbm
ss\tP _te hÀ²\mx.

Øm\_ew
tkzm¨w- þ kz´w D¨cmin,
kzÀ£w þ kzt£-{Xw,
kp-lrZv Kr-tljp þ an{X-t£-{X-w
_en\xjSvkpkzhÀt¤jp þ jUzÀ¤¯nse kzhÀ¤-§Ä
t{]màw Øm\-_ew þ (ChbnÂ)Øm\-_ew ]d-bp¶p

tI{µ_ew
NXp-jvS-b-ap-Jm þ tIµw XpS§nbhbv¡p
]qÀ®mÀ²]mZmx {Iam þ ]qÀ®w, AÀ²w, ]mZw
F¶ {Ia¯n _ew In«p¶p.
 [111]

tI{µ¯n (1-þ4-þ7-þ10) ]qÀ®-_ehpw,

]W-]c¯n (2þ5-þ8-þ11) ]IpXn-_ehpw,
Bt]m¢na¯n (3-þ6-þ9-þ12) ImÂ_ehpw
ØnXn A\p-k-cn¨v {Kl-§Ä¡p Øm\-_ew In«pw.

t{Z¡mW_ew
a²ym-Zy-´K jWvU-aÀXy-h-\nXmx tJSm _enjvTmx {IamXv
a²y B-Zy A-´K þ(cmin-bpsS) a²y B-Zy A-´y `mK-§-fn \n¶mÂ
jWvU- aÀXy h-\nXm tJSm _enjvTm þ
\]pw-k -]pcpj kv{Xo {Kl-§Ä _e-ap-Å-h-bm-Ip-¶p.

a²yw BZyw A´yw

\]pwk ]pcpj kv{Xo (tlmc 2þ6)
_p, a c, Ip, Kp N, ip (DZmlcWw 5(5) )

ss\kÀ¤nI_ew
aµm- Bc- Ú- Kp-cp D-it\m A_vP- c-htbm
i\n, IpP³ ,_p[³, Kpcp, ip{I³, N{µ³, kqcy³
F¶o Kl§Ä¡v
ss\tP _te hÀ²-\m þ(Cu) {Ia-¯n- \nkÀ¤-_ewhÀ²n¨phcp-¶-p.
\nkÀ¤_ew:
{Klw a Ip _p Kp ip N c
_ew 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
(_ew Gähpw IqSp-XÂ kqcy\v, Gähpw Ipd-hv i\n¡v)

(4)
h{Iw KtXm cpNn-ccivan kaq-l-]qÀt®m
\o-Nmcn`mwi-k-ln-tXmf]n `th-Õ- tJSx
hocym-\znX-kvXp-ln-\-c-ivan-cn-thm-¨-an-{Xþ
kzt£-{X-tKm f ]n hn_tem lX-Zo-[n-Xn-tÝXv.

h{I-_-ehpw civan-_-ehpw

Hcp {Klw \n¡p¶X-v þþ

h{IwKtXm - þ h{I-¯ntem
 [112]

cpNn-c-civankaq-l-]qÀt®m þ ]qÀ®-c-ivan-I-tfm-sStbm
BsW¦nÂ,
\o-Nmcn`mwi-k-ln-tXm A]n þ (AXp) \oN-t£-{X-¯ntem,i{Xp
-t£-{X¯ntem (Cu Awi§fntem) Bbncp¶mepw
tJSx þ B {Klw
hocym\znX`th-Xv þ _e-apÅXmbncn-¡pw
C-¡m-cy-¯n A`n-{]m-b-hy-Xym-khpw ImWp-¶p-v.
(hn-¡n-]o-Un-b-bn ^e-Zo-]nI ImWp-I.)
Hcp {Klwþþ
Xp-ln-\-c-ivan-x Ch þ (Idp¯]£¯nse) N{µs\t¸mse
lX-Zo-[n-Xn-x tNXv þ adª civantbmSp IqSnbXmsW¦nÂ
D-¨-an-{Xkzt£-{XKx A-]n þ (AXv) D¨-¯ntem an{X-t£{X-¯ntem
kzt£-{X-¯ntem \n¶mepw
hn_eo þ ZpÀºe\mbncn¡pw.

(5)
XpwKØm _en-t\m f - Jn-emÝ
iin\x ÇmLyw ln ]t£m-Zv`hw
`mt\m˱n-Kv_-e-am-l- h-{I-K-at\
Xmcm-{K-lmWmw _ew
IÀIyp£mP-L-Sm-fn-tKm-* hÀj f -ln-þ
c-_-emt´ym-£m-izn-]m-Ým-XyKx
tIXp-kvX-Xv]-cn-th-j[\zkp- _eo
-N-µzÀ¡-tbmtK \nin.
]mT-t`Zw: hÀj CÃ.

{Kl_ew (s]mXpsh)
XpwKØm _en-\x A-Jn-emx - þ D¨-¯n FÃm {Kl-§fpw
_ehm·-mcmWv.
iin\x ÇmLyw ]t£m-Ûhw þ N{µ\p ]£-_-ehpw
`mt\mx ZnKv_-ew þ kqcy\p ZnKv_-ehpw
Xmcm-{K-lmWmw _ewh-{I-K-at\ -þ aäp {Kl-§Ä¡p h{I_ehpw
{][m\amWv.
രാഹുകേതുക്കളുടെ ബലം
Aln þ cmlp
 [113]

IÀ¡n D£ AP- L-S Afn -

IÀ¡Sw, CShw, taSw, Ipw`w hrÝnIw cminIfnepw
tIXpx þ tIXp
A_-e A´y- D£ Aizn- ]m-Ým-XyKx þ
I¶n, ao\w, CShw, [\p cmw]IpXn Chbnepw
]-cn-th-j [\zkp- -tN-µzÀ¡-tbmtK \nin.*
]cn-th-j-w, C{µ[\pÊv F¶o kqcytbmK§fpsS IqsSbpw
_eo þ _eapÅhcmIp¶p
(]cn-th-j-w XpS§nb A©v D]{Kl§fpsS
KWnXw A²ymbw 25þÂ hcp¶pv.)

(6)
cq]w am\p-j-t`f -fn-t` f w-{Ln-c-]-tc-jzÀ²w _ew kym¯t\mþ
kvXpeyw kzman-_-te\ tNm]-N-btK \mtY f Xn-ho-
tcym¡Sw
kzmao-Uy-Ú-bp-tX-£ntXIhn-bptX Nmss\y-c-bp-tà-£ntX
iÀh-cym-¶n-in(1)- cm-i-tbm-fl\n ]tc hocym-\znXmxIoÀ¯n-
Xmx.
]mTt`Zw: iÀhcymw iin..

eá-_ew
cq]w am\p-j-t` þ
a\p-jy-cm-in-IÄ (anYp-\w, I¶n, Xpemw,Ipw`w, [\p BZy]-IpXn)
eá-am-bm B eá¯n\p ]qÀ®-_-ehpw
Afnt` Aw{Ln þ hrÝnIambm ImÂ_-ehpw
]tcjp AÀ²w þ aäp-Åhbmbm ]IpXn _ehpw (e`n¡pw).
Xpeyw kzman-_-te\þ eá¯nsâ _ew eám[n]sâ _e¯n\p
Xpeyambncn¡pw.
(eám[n]\p _eansæn eáhpw ZpÀºeambncn¡pw.)

D]-N-btK \mtY AXn-ho-tcym¡Sw þeám[n]³ \n¡p¶Xv

D]NbØm\§fn (3þ6þ10þ11) BsW¦n eá¯nsâ _ew hfsc hÀ²n¡pIbpw
sN¿pw.
Ass\y-c-bp-tà-£ntX þ aäpÅhbpsS ØnXntbm ZrjvSntbm CÃmsX
 [114]

kzmao-Uy-Ú-bp-tX-£ntX Ihn-bptXþ eám[n]t\m hymgtam _p[t\m

ip{It\m eá¯n \n¡pItbm eá¯ntebv¡p t\m¡pItbm sNbvXmepw eáw
_eapÅ Xmbncn¡pw
iÀh-cym -\n-in-cm-i-tbm- þ
cm{Xnbn cm{XncminIÄ (A.1,tÇm8 ) eáambmepw
Al\n ]tc hocym-\znXmx IoÀ¯n-Xmx.þ
]IÂkab¯v ]IÂ cminIÄ eáambmepw B eáw _eapÅXmbncn¡pw.

(7)
tkzmt¨ ]qÀ®w kz{Xn-tImtW {Xn]mZw
kzt£-t{X f -À²w an{Xt` ]mZ-tah
ZznSvt£-t{X f ¸w \oN-tK f kvXw-K-tXX f ]n
t£{Xw hocyw \njv^ew kymZv{Klm-Wmw.

Øm\_e{Iaw
{Kl§Ä D¨w. kzt£{Xw XpS§nbhbn \n¶m In«p¶ _ew:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7
ØnXn D¨w aqe-{Xn- kz an{X i{Xp \oNw auVyw
_ew ]qÀ®-w ap¡m ]IpXn Im A¸w _e-an-à _e-an-Ã.
.
(8)
tIt{µ -{K-lm-Wm-ap-ZnXw ^ew bXv
kptJ \`-ky-kvX-Krtl hnetá
D]-cyp-]-cyp-à-]-Z-{I-taW -
_em`n-hr²nw ln hnI-ev]
tI{µ_e{Iaw
tIt{µ -{K-lm-Wmw þ
tI{µ¯n \n¡p-t¼mÄ {Kl§Ä¡p In«p¶ Øm\_ew
kptJ \`kn AkvX hneá
4, 10-, 7-, 1 þ `mh§fnÂ
1/4 1/2 3/4 ]qÀ®w þ Cu {Ia¯nÂ
D]-cn D]-cn Dà- ]m-Z-{I-taW -_em`n-hr²nw þ hÀ²n¨p hÀ²n¨p
hcpw.

(9)
 [115]

t{ijvtTXn km k]vX-a-Zr-jvSn-tch
kÀh{X hmNym \ XYm f \y-ZrjvSnx
tbmKm-Znjp \yq\-^-e-{]-tZXn
hnti-j-Zr-jvSnÀ\ Xp(1) ssIÝn-Zp-àm.
]mTt`Zw þ \\p

ZrjvSn_ew
{Kl§fpsS ZrjvSn_ew IW¡m¡p¶Xn\v –þþ
t{ijvtTXn km k]vX-a-Zr-jvSnx- Gh þ
Ggn-te-bv¡pÅ ZrjvSn am{XamWv t{ijvTambn«pÅXv;
\ XYm A\y-ZrjvSnx þ
aäp ZrjvSn-IÄ (hntijZrjvSnIfpw ]mZZrjvSnIfpw) -AXn\p kaw
hcnÃ
kÀh{X hmNym þ (F¶v) FÃm-bn-S¯pw ]d-b-s¸-«n-«pv. -
tbmKm-Znjp \yq\-^-e-{]-tZXn þ
tbmKmZnIfn hnti-j-Zr-jvSn¡p \yq\^eamWv.
\ Xp (\\p) ssIÝn-Zp-àm. –þ Asöp ]dbp¶hcpw Dv.

{Kl_ew IW¡m¡p¶Xn\pÅ ZrjvSn_e¯n\v Ggntebv¡pÅ, GgnÂ

\n¶papÅ, ZrjvSnam{Xw FSp¯m aXn. tbmKmZn hnjb§fn hntij
ZrjvSn XpS§nbh FSp¡Wtam F¶ Imcy¯n A`n{]mb hyXymkapv.

(10)
ss\kÀKnIw i{Xp-kp-lr-Xz-tah
`thXv {]amWw ^e-Imcn kayIv
XmXvIm-enIw Imcy-h-ti\ hmNyw
XÑ-{Xp-an-{X-Xz-a-\n-Xy-ta-h.

i-{Xp-an-{XXz_ew
ss\kÀKnIw i{Xp-kp-lr-Xz-tah... þ \nkÀ¤i-{Xp-an-{XXzw
am{Xta (km[mcW) {K-l_eNn´bn {]k-à-am-bp-Åq.
XmXvIm-enIw Imcy-h-ti\ hmNyw þ X¡m-e-i-{Xp-an-{XXzw
Imcyhim ]dªXmWv- / ]dtbXmWv
XÑ-{Xp-an-{X-Xz-a-\n-Xy-ta-h þ B (X¡me) i{Xpan{XXzw
A\nXyamWv.
(ImcWw, Ah Hmtcm PmXI¯nepw amdn amdn hcp¶p.)
 [116]

(11)
\ntÈjtZmj-l-ctW ip`-hÀ²t\ N
hocyw Kptcm-c-[nIa-kvXy-Jn-e-{K-tl`yx
XZzo-cy-]m-Z-Zfiàn-`rXu Úip{Iu
Nm{µw _e´p \nJn-e-{K-l-ho-cy_o-Pw.

ip`_e{Iaw
\ntÈjtZmj-l-ctW þ kÀh-tZm-j-§fpw \in-¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw
ip`-hÀ²t\ N þ ip`-^ew hÀ²n¸n-¡p-¶-Xn\pw
AJn-e-{K-tl`yx þ FÃm (ip`) {Kl§fnepw sh¨v
hocyw Kptcm-x A[nIakvXn þ hymg¯n\v A[nIw (ip`) _eapv.
XZzo-cy-]m-Z-Zfiàn-`rXu Úip{Iu þ Kpcphnsâ ip`_e¯nsâ
Im _ew _p[\pw, ]IpXn _ew ip{I\pw Dv.
Nm{µw _e´p \nJn-e-{K-l-ho-cy_o-Pw þ FÃm {Kl-§-fp-sSbpw
_e-¯nsâ ASnØm-\w N{µsâ _eamWv.

N{µ-{In-b, N{µmhØ, N{µ-th-e (N{µthf)

(12)
P·À£-hn-L-Sow \ossXÀ-
Úm\mw-ssKÀ\\-ssbÀ`-tPXv
e_v[m-Ý-{µ-{In-bm-hØmþ
thfm-Jym-kvXXv^ew {IamXv.

P·À£-hn-L-Sow þ P·-\-£-{X-hn-\m-gn-Isb,
\ossXx þ 06 (60)
Úm\mw-ssKx þ 003 (300)
\\ssb þ 001 (100)
Ch-sImv-v, AXm-b-Xv, P\n¨ \£-{X-¯n Ign-ªp-t]mb \mgn-I-hn-\m-gn-I-
Isf hn-\m-gn-I-Ifm¡n Ahsb 60-þ300-þ100 F¶o kwJy-IÄ sImv lcn-¨mÂ
e_v[mx þ In«p-¶Xv
{IamXv þ {Ia¯nÂ
N{µ-{In-b þ N{µ-{In-b
A-hØm þ N{µmhØ
 [117]

the þ N{µ-th-f
B-Jym-x XÂ^ew þ F¶nh BIp-¶p.
60þsImplcn¨m N{µ{Inb þ 60 F®w
300þsImp lcn¨m N{µm{hØ þ 12 F®w
100þsImp lcn¨m N{µthf. þ 36 F®w

(13)
Øm\mZv {`jvS-kvX-]kzo ]c-bp-h-Xn-c-tXm
ZyqX-IrXv (1) lkvXn-ap-Jymþ
cqVx knwlm-k-\tØm \c-]-Xn-c-cnlm
ZWvU-t\Xm KpWo N
\njv{]m-W-Ñn-¶-aqÀ²m £X-I-c-N-ctWm
_Ô-\tØm hn\jvtSm
cmPm thZm-\-[otX kz]nXn kpN-cnXx
kwkvartXm [À½-IÀ¯m.
]mT-t`Zw þ XkvItcm

(14)
kZzwtiym \n[n-kw-KXx {ipX-Iptem hymJym-]-c-x i{Xplm
tcmKo i{Xp-PnXx kztZ-i-N-entXm `rtXym hn\-jvSmÀ°Ix
BØm\o N kpa-{´Ix ]c-a-lo`À¯m k`mtcym KPþ
{XkvX-x kwbp-K-`o-Xn-am-\-Xn-`tbm eot\m f ¶-Zm-Xm - f án-Kx.

(15)
£pZv_m[m-k-ln-tXm-- f ¶-a-¯n- hn-N-c-þ
·mwkm-i-t\m- - f kv{X-£Xx
[rX-I-µptIm hnl-cXn
ZypssXÀ\-rt]m ZpxJnXx
i¿mtØm cn]p-tk-hn-XÝ kkp-lr-
tZymKo(1) N `mcym-\zntXm
arjvSmio N ]bx ]n_³ kpIr-X-IrXv
kzØ-kvX-YmkvtX kpJw.
]mT-t`Zw þ [ym\o

N{µ-{Inbm^ew
 [118]

1. Øm\-mÂ{`jvS þ Øm\w \jvSs¸«h³

2. X]-kzn - þ X]kzn,
GIm{KXbpÅh³
3. ]c-bp-h-Xo-c-X þ ]c-kv{Xo-cX³
4. ZyqXIrXv þ NqXm«¡mc³
5. lkvXn-ap-Jym-cqV þ B\-¸pd¯v Ccn¡p¶h³
6. knwlm-k-\Ø þ knwlmk\¯n Ccn¡p¶h³
7. \c-]Xn þ cmPmhv
8. Acnlm þ i{Xp-¡sf h[n¡p¶h³
9. ZWvU-t\Xm þ in£m-[n-Imcn
10. KpWo þ KpW-hm³
11. \njv{]m-W þ Poh\nÃm¯h³
12. -On-¶-aqÀ²m þ incÊp XIÀ¶h³
13. £X-I-c-N-ctWm þ ssIIm-ep-I-fn apdnhpIÄ
14. _Ô-\tØm þ XShpImc³
15. hn\jvtSm þ \jvSs¸«h³
16. cmPm þ cmPmhv
17. thZm-\-[otX þ sshZnIhnZymÀ°n
18. kz]nXn þ Dd§p¶h³, Aek³
19. kpN-cnXw kwkva-c³ þ kXvIÀ½w HmÀ¡p¶h³
20 [À½-IÀ¯m þ [mÀ½nI³
21. kZzwtim þ \à hwi-¯n P\\w.
22. \n[n-kw-KX þ \n[n- In«nbh³,
23. {ipX-Item þ {]kn²ambIpe¯nÂ
P\n¨h³
24. hymJym-]-c þ hymJymXmhv
25. - i-{Xplm þ i{Xp-¡sf \in-¸n-¡p-¶-h³
26. tcmKo þ tcmKn
27. i{Xp-PnXx þ i{Xp-hn-\m Pbn-¡-s¸-«-h³
28. kztZ-i-N-entXm þ kztZiw -hn-«-h³
29. `rtXym þ the-¡m-c³
30. hn\-jvSmÀ°I þ [\-saÃmw \jvSambh³
31. BØm\o þ cmP-k-Z-Ên-eppÅh³
32. kpa-{´nI þ \Ã a{´n- / D]tZjvSmhv
33. ]c-a-lo`À¯m þ aäpÅhcpsS`qan
A[o\¯epÅh³
 [119]

34. k`mtcym þ `mcy-tbmSpIqSnbh³

35. KP{XkvX þ B\sb t]Sn-bpÅ-h³
36. - kw-bp-K-`o-Xn-am-\ þ bp²-`ocp
37. A-Xn-`tbm þ henb `bt¯mSp IqSnbh³
38. eot\m þ adªncn¡p¶h³
39. A-¶-Zm-Xm- þ A¶Zm\w sN¿p¶h³
40. Aán-K þ Xobn s]«h³
41. £pZv_m[m-k-ln-X þ hni-¸-pÅh³
42. A-¶-a-¯n- þ A¶w `£n¡p-¶-h³
43. hn-N-c³ þ k©mcn
44. amwkm-i-t\m- þ amwkt`mPn
45. Akv{X-£X þ Bbp[wsImpÅ apdnhv
46. tkmZzmtlm þ hnhm-lnX³
47. [rX-I-µptIm þ ]´p [cn¨h³
48. hnl-cXn ZypssXx þ NqXp Ifn-¡p-¶-h³
49. \-rt]m þ cmPmhv
49. \-rt]m þ cmPmhv
50. ZpJnX þ ZpJn-X³
51. i¿mtØm þ InS-¡-bn InS¡p-¶-h³
52. cn]p-tk-hn-Xx þ i{Xp-¡-fmÂ
tkhn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-h³
53. kkp-lrZv þ kvt\ln-X-cp-Å-h³
54. tbmKn / [ym\o
55. `mcym-\zntXm þ `mcy-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-
h³
56. arjvSmio þ btYjvSw `£n¡p¶h³
57. ]bx ]n_³ þ ]m IpSn-¡p-¶-h³
58. kpIr-X-IrXv þ kpIrXw sN¿p-¶h³
59. kzØx þ BtcmKyhm³, kzس
60. BkvtX kpJw þ kpJambncn¡p¶h³,k´pjvS³

(16)
Bß-Øm-\mXv {]hmtkm aln-X-\r-]]Zmþ
kàXm {]mW-lm-\nÀþ
`q]meXzw kzhw-tim-Nn-X-Kp-W-\n-ctXm
 [120]

tcmK BØm-\-KXzw
`oXnx £pZv_m-[n-XXzw bph-Xn-]-cn-Wtbm
cay-i-¿m-\p-jànw
arjvSminXzw N KoXm CXn \nb-a-h-imXv
kÛn-cn-tµm-c-h-Øm.

N{µm-hØm^ew
1.BßØm\mXv {]hmtkm þkz´w hoSp hn«pÅ hmkw
(A\ytZihmkw)
2.aln-X-\r-]]Z BkàXm þ cmP-]-Zhn¡p tamln¡p¶h³
3. {]mW-lm-\n þ acWw
4. `q]meXzw þ cmPXzw
5.kzhw-tim-Nn-X-Kp-W-\n-cX þ kz´w hwi-¯n\v DNn-X-amb
KpW§fn \ncX³
6. tcmKw
7. BØm-\-KXzw þ cmP-k-Z-Ên Øm\w
8. `oXnx þ `bw
9. £pÂ_m-[n-XXzw þ hni¸p _m[n¨h³
10. bph-Xn-]-cn-Wtbm þ bphXnsbhnhmlwsNbvXh³
11cay-i-¿m-\p-jànw þ cayamb InSbv¡ {]XyI CjvSw
12. arjvSminXzw þ `£WkpJw

(17)
aqÀ²m-atbm apZn-XXm bP\w kpJtØm
t\{Xm-abx kpJn-XXm h\n-Xm-hn-lmcx
D{K-Pzcx I\-I-`q-j-W-a-{ip-tam£x
t£zfm-i-\w \n[p-h\w PT-cky tcmKx.

(18)
{IoUmPte lk\Nn{X-hn-te-Jt\ N
t{Im[Ý \r¯-I-cWw LrX-`pàn\nt{Z(1)
Zm\-{Inbm(2) Zi-\-cpIv Ielx {]bm-Wþ
D·¯-XmY (N) ken-em-¹-h\w hntcm[x.
]mT-t`Zw þ (1) Km\{Inbm
 [121]

(19)
tkzÑm-Øm\w £pZv`bw imkv{X-em`w
sskzcw tKmjvTo tbm[\w ]pWy-IÀ½
]m]mNmcx {Iqc-IÀ½m -{]-lÀjx
{]mssÚtchw N{µ-thfmx {]ZnjvSmx

N{µ-th-em-^ew
1 aqÀ²m-atbm þ intcm-tcmKw
2 apZn-XXm þ kt´mjw
3 bP\w þ bmK-IÀ½w
4 kpJØm þ kpJ-am-bn-
(kzØambn)cn¡p¶h³
5 t\{Xm-abx þ t\{X-tcmKw
6 kpJ-XXm þ kpJmhØ
7 h\n-Xm-hn-lmcx þ kv{Xo hnt\mZw
8 D{K-Pzc þ ISp¯ ]\n
9 I\-I-`q-j-W- þ kzÀ®m-`-c-W-§Ä
10 A-{ip-tam£ þ I®oÀ {]hmlw
11 t£zfm-i-\w þ hnjw Ign-¡pI
12 \n[-ph\w þ kvXo_Ôw
13 PT-cky tcmK þ DZ-c-tcmKw
14 {IoUm Pte þ Pe{IoU (bpw)
lk\Nn{X-hn-te-Jt\N þ Nncnbpw Nn{Xwhcbpw
15 t{Im[w þ tZzjyw
16 \r¯-I-cWw þ \r¯w
17 LrX-`pàn þ s\bv `£Ww
18 \n{Z þ Dd¡w
19 Km\-{Inb þ ]m«p-]m-SÂ
20 Zi-\-cpIv þ Z´tcmKw
21 Ielw
22 {]bm-Ww þ bm{X
23 D•-¯-X þ {`m´v/ elcn
24 ken-em-¹-h\w þ \o´Â
25 hntcm[w
26 tkzÑm-Øm\w þ CjvS-Øm\w
27 £p¯v þ hni¸v
 [122]

28. `bw
29 imkv{X-em` þ imkv{X-]T\w
30 sskzcw þ sskzcw, btYjvSw
31 tKmjvTo þ k`
32. tbm[\w þ bp²w
33 ]pWy-IÀ½w
34 ]m]-Nmcw þ ]m]IÀ½w
35 {Iqc-³
36 -{]-lÀjw þ hen-b kt´mjw

{]mssÚx Ghw N{µ-themx {]ZnjvSmx þ

]ÞnXcm N{µ them^ew C§s\ ]dbs¸«ncn¡p¶p.

]Zw apdn¡p¶ Imcy¯n hymJym\§fn Bib¡pg¸w ImWp¶pv AXnsâ

^eambn ]ebnS¯pw AÀ°hpw amdp¶pv..
DZm: (1) £pZv`bw. (2) {IoUmPte lk\Nn{X-hn-te-Jt\ N.

DZmlcWPmXIw:
1. \£{XKXw (\mfn sN¶ \mgnI) : 46þ30
2. \mgnIIsf hn\mgnIIfm¡pt¼mÄ : 2790
3. N{µ{ Inb (60 sImp lcn¡pI) : 46.5= 47. [rXIµpIw
4. N{µmhØ (300 sImp lcn¡pI) : 9.3=10. bphXo]cWbw
5. N{µthe (100 sImplcn¡pI) : 27.9 = 28. £pÛbw.

(20)
PmXtI N aplqÀt¯ N {]ivt\ N{µ{In-bm-Zbx
kay-Iv^-e{]ZmkvX-kvam-Zzn-ti-tjW hnNn-´-tb-Xv.

N{µ{Inb apXembhbpsS ta·

PmXtI N aplqÀt¯ N {]ivt\ þ Pm-X-I-¯nepw aplqÀ¯-¯nepw
{]iv\-¯nepw
N{µ-{InbmZbx þ N{µ-{Inb apX-em-bh
 [123]

kay-Iv^-e{]Zmx þ icn--bmb ^ew Xcp-¶hbmWv.

X-kvam-Xv hnti-tjW hnNn-´-tbXv þ A-Xp-sImv Ah hnti-jambpw
Nn´n¡-Ww.
(21)
]t£m-Ûhw lna-I-cky hnin-jvSamlpx
Ømt\m-Û-h´p _e-a-`y(]y-)[nIw ]tcjmw
XÕw-{]-bp-à-an-X-ssc-c-[n-Im-[nIw kymþ
Z\ym\n tX\ kZr-im\n _lq\n tNXv (tX) kypx.

{][m\_e§Ä
lnaIcky ]t£m-Ûhw hnin-jvS-amlp þ N{µ\p ]£-_ew hnin-jvS-am-Wv.
Ømt\m-Û-hw _e-a-]n A-[nIw ]tcjmw þ
aäp {Kl§Ä¡p Øm\-_-ew {][m\w.
XÕw-{]-bp-à-an-X-ssc- A[n-Im-[nIwþ (ChbpsSIqsS) aäp _e§Ä
IqSn tNcpt¼mÄ {Kl-¯nsâ _ew A[nIcn¡p-¶p.
A\ym\n tX\ kZrim\n _lq\n þ
C¯cw _e-§-fm-Is« At\-Iapp Xm\pw.
(22)
kmÀ²m-\n- jSv Xo£vW-Itcm _eobm³
N{µkvXp jSv ]© hkp-Ô-cmPx
k]vtX-µp-kqt\m chn-hXv KptcmkvXp
kmÀ²m\n ]©mY kntXm _eo kymXv.

(23)
aµkvXp ]ss©h ln jSv_-em\mw
kwtbmK Ghm]cYm-([m)\yYm kypx
Ghw {KlmWmw kz_em_em\n
hnNn´y kayIv IY-tbXv ^em-\n.
^eZm\¯n\v Hmtcm {Kl¯n\pw
AXymhiyw Dmbncnt¡ jSv_-ew

kAÀ²m-\n-jSvXo£vW-Itcm _eobm³ þkqcy\v _e-]n-Þw Bd-c,

N{µx Xp jSv þ N{µ\v Bdv,
]© hkp-Ô-cmPx þ A©p IpP-\v.
k]vX - Cµp-kqt\m þ Ggv _p[-\v.
 [124]

chn-hXv KptcmkvXp þ kqcy-s\-t¸mse Kpcp-hn\v

kmÀ²m\n ]© kntXm þ A©c ip{I\v,
aµkvXp ]ss©h þ i\n¡v A©v,
jUv_eNn´bn {Kl§Ä¡v C§s\ _ew In«p¶nsæn Ah ZpÀºe§fmWv.
Ghw {KlmWmw kz_em_em\n hnNn´y kayIv IY-tbXv ^em-\n þ C§s\
{Kl§fpsS _em_e§Ä Nn´n¨p thWw ^e§Ä ]dbphm³.

jSv_-ew
chn N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n
6 1/2 6 5 7 6 1/2 5 1/2 5

(24)
eám\ma[n-]ky ]ntÞ
cq]m-\zntX XXv_-e-]n-Þ-amlpx
{Klky bkymw Znin ZnKv_ew kymþ
¯Zv`m-h-hocyw kl-Tx f ky ZrjvSym.

`mhm[n]_ew
eámZnIm\ma[n-]ky ]nWvtU þ
eáw XpS§nb `mh§fpsS \mY·mcpsS _e]nÞw
cq]m-\zntX XXv _-e-]n-Þ-amlpx þ
]{´v (cþ2 ]þ1 = 12) Ds¦n AXp ]qÀ®_eapÅXmbn
.{Klky bkymw Znin ZnKv_ew kymXv þ
Hcp {Kl¯n\v ZnKv_eapÅ `mh¯ntebv¡v
Aky ZrjvSym XZv`m-h-hocyw (k)l-tX- AXnsâ ZrjvSn hcp¶Xv B
`mh¯nsâ _es¯ \in¸n¡p¶p.

jUv_ew : KWnXw
(\memw A²ym-b-¯n kqNn-¸n¡p¶ IW-¡p-IÄ)

hnjbhnhcw
1. ss\kÀ¤nI_ew (Natural / Permanent Strength)
 [125]

2. ZnKv_ew (Directional Strength)

3. ZrIv_ew (Aspect Strength)
4. tNjvSm_ew (Motional Strength)
5. Øm\_ew (Positional Strength)
(1)D¨_ew(2)k]vXhÀ¤P_ew (3)HmPbpÜcmiywi_ew
(4)tI{µ_ew (5) t{Z¡mW_ew
6. Ime_ew (Temporal Strength)
(1)\tXm¶X_ew (2)]£_ew (3){Xn`mK_ew (4)A_vZ_ew
(5)amk_ew (6)hmc_ew (7)tlmcm_ew (8)Ab\_ew
(9)bp²_ew

DZmlcWPmXIw
kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³ i\n
T
:`mKþIebn 55 þ31’’ 50 þ49’’ 5 þ42’ 48T
T T
145Tþ26’ 10Tþ46’ 77Tþ51’’
*Zimwi¯n 55.52T 50.82T 5.70T 48T 145.43T
10.77T 77.85T
*jUv_eKWnX¯n\v ChnsS `mKþIebv¡p ]Icw `mK,Zimwit¯msS,
D]tbmKn¡p¶p.

1.ss\kÀ¤nI_ew
{Kl§fpsS kzm`mhnI_eamWv \nkÀ¤_ew. Gähpw IqSpX ss\kÀ
¤nI_ew kqcy\mWv. ( 1 cq] AYhm 60 jjvSywiw). kqcy³, N{µ³,
ip{I³ Kpcp, _p[³, IpP³ i\n F¶ {Ia¯n CXp Ipdªp Ipdªp hcp¶p.

{Klw i\n IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³ N{µ³

kqcy³
A\p]mXw 60x1/7 60 x 2/7 60 x 3/7 60 x 4/7 60 x 5/7 60 x 6/7 60 x 7/7
_ew 8.57 17.14 25.70 34.28 42.85 51.43 60
ss\kÀ¤nI_ew ØncamWv. AXv FÃm PmXI¯nepw CXpt]me ¯s¶
hcpw.

DZmlcWPmXI¯n {Kl§fpsS \nkÀ¤_ew:

{Klw kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³ i\n
 [126]

_ew 60 51.43 17.14 25.70 34.28 42.85 8.57

2.ZnKv_ew
PmXI¯n tI{µ`mh§fn ØnXn hcpt¼mÄ {Kl§Ä¡p In«p¶
_eamWv ZnKv_ew. X\n¡p ]dªn«pÅ `mh¯nsâ a²y¯n \n¡pt¼mÄ
Hcp {Kl¯n\p 1 cq] AYhm 60 jjvSywiw ZnKv _eapv. ZnKv_eapÅ
tcJmwi¯nsâ 180Tþbn _ew iq\yam bncn¡pw. CXn\nSbv¡pÅ
ØnXnbpsS _ew ss{XcminIw sNbvXv (aq¶psImp lcn¨v)
ImWWw. \mep ]SnIfnembn thWw Cu _ew ImWm³.

1. {Kl§Ä¡p ]qÀ®_ew In«p¶ Øm\w (`mha²yw) ImWpI

2. AXnÂ\n¶pw 180T Ipd¨v 0 _ew In«p¶ Øm\w ImWpI.
3. 0 _ew hcp¶ tcJmwi¯nÂ\n¶pw {Klkv^pSw Ipd¨v
hyXymkw ImWpI.
4. Cu hyXymks¯ aq¶psImp lcn¡pI.

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse `mha²yw
tI{µ`mh§Ä 1 7 10 4
AhnsS _eapÅ {Kl§Ä _pKp a cIp Nip
DZm. `mha²yw 343.30 163.30 252.01 72.0

1. Hmtcm {Kl¯n\pw _ew In«p¶ Øm\§Ä

{Klw kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³ i\n
`mhw 10 4 10 1 1 4 7
`mha²yw252T-þ01’ 72Tþ01’ 252Tþ01’ 343Tþ30’ 343Tþ30’ 72Tþ01’
163Tþ30’
(+) 360 þ 360* 360*
BsI 252þ01 432.01 252þ01 343 þ30’ 343Tþ30’ 432.01
T
523.30
*180TþÂ IpdhpÅnS¯v 360 Iq«Ww

2. ]qPyw _ew In«p¶ Øm\§Ä

{Klw kqcy³N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³ i\n
 [127]

BsI 252þ01 432.01 252þ01 343Tþ30’ 343Tþ30’

432.01 523.30
(þþ) 180T- 180T- 180T- 180T- 180T- 180T- 180T-
iq\yw_ew 72Tþ01’ 252Tþ01’ 72Tþ01’ 163Tþ30’ 163Tþ30’ 252Tþ01
343T30

3. `mhkv^pShpw {Klkv^pShpw X½nepÅ hyXymkw.

{Klw kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³ i\n
`mhkv^pSw 72 01’ 252 01’ 72 01’ 163T 30’
T T T 163T 30’
252T 01’ 343T 30
(þþ){Klkv^pSw 55T 31 50T49’ 5T 42’ 48T 145T 26’ 10T46’
77T51
hyXymkw 16T 30’ 201T 12* 66T 19’ 115T 30’ 18T5’ 241T 15*
265T79*
360* 360* 360*
201T 12* 241T15*
265T79*
hyXymkw 16T.30’ 158T48’ 66T.19’ 115T30’ 18T5’’ 118T45
94T 21’
(*180T Un{Knbn A[nIapÅ hyXymkw 360TþÂ\n¶pw
Ipdbv¡pWw.)

4.ZnIv _ew (hyXymk¯nsâ aq¶nsem¶v )

{Klw kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³
i\n
hyXymkw 16T.30’ 158T.48’ 66T .19’ 115T .
30’ 18T .5’ 118T45 94T 21’
aq¶nsem¶v 5Tþ30’ 52Tþ56’ 22Tþ7’ 38Tþ30’ 6Tþ1’
39Tþ35’ 31Tþ27’
Zimwi¯n 5.50T 52.93T 22.11T 38.50T 6 02T 39.58T 31.T 45

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse {Kl§fpsS ZnKv_ew (Zimwi¯nÂ) :

 [128]

{Klw kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³

i\n
ZnIv _ew 5.50 52.93 22.11 38.50 6þ02 39.58 31.45

3.ZrIv_ew
സാമാന്യദൃഷ്ടിയും പ്രത്യേകദൃഷ്ടിയും

ഹോരാശാസ്ത്രത്തിലെ
ത്രിദശത്രികോണചതുരശ്രസപ്തമാ-
നവലോകയന്തി ചരണാഭിവ൪ദ്ധിത
രവിജാമരേഡ്യരുധിരാ പരേ ച യേ
ക്രമശോ ഭവന്തി കില വീക്ഷണേ f ധികാ.
എന്ന ശ്ലോകമാണ് (2/13) ദൃഷ്ടിനിയമങ്ങൾക്ക് ആധാരം. ഇതുപ്രകാരം ഏഴിലേയ്ക്കുള്ള
(180 ഡിഗ്രിയിലേയ്ക്കുള്ള) ദൃഷ്ടിയാണ് പൂ൪ണ്ണ ദൃഷ്ടി. ഇത് എല്ലാ ഗ്രഹങ്ങൾക്കുമുണ്ട്.
വിശേഷദൃഷ്ടി കുജ൯ (4,8), ഗുരു (5,9), ശനി (3,10) എന്നിവ൪ക്കുമാത്രമുള്ളതാണ്.
tcJmwi¯nÂ\n¶pw tcJmwi¯ntebv¡mWv ZrjvSn hcp¶Xv.
AXmbXv---
ZrjvSn hnti-j-ZrjvSn
{Klw `mhw Un{Kn `mhw Un{Kn
1. kqcy³ 7 180 … …
2. N{µ³ 7 180 … …
3. IpP³ 7 180 4, 8 90, 210
4. _p[³ 7 180 … ….
5. hymgw 7 180 5, 9 120, 240
6. ip{I³ 7 180 … ..
7. i\n 7 180 3, 10 60, 270

ZrjvSn_ew ImWp¶ coXn

(1)ZrjvSntI{µw
ദൃഷ്ടം (t\m¡s¸Sp¶ {Kl¯nsâ tcJmwiw)
(-----) ദൃശ്യം (t\m¡p¶ {Kl¯nsâ tcJmwiw)
= ZrjvSntI{µw
 [129]

(2) ZrjvSn_ew (ZrjvSnaqeyw)

Cu ZrjvSntI{µw sh¨v Xmsg sImSp¯n«pÅ ]«nIbnÂ\n¶pw
ZrjvSn_ew(ZrjvSnaqeyw) ImWWw

ZrjvSnaqeyw ImWp¶Xn\pÅ tS_nÄ

(1) 0T þ 30T = ZrjvSn CÃ.
(2) 30 T þ 60 T = (ZrjvSn tI{µw þþ 30)/2
(3) 60T þ 90T = (ZrjvSn tI {µwþþ 60) +15
(4) 90 T 120 T = (120 þ ZrjvSn tI{µw)/2 +30
(5) 120 T þ 150 T = 150 þþ ZrjvSn tI{µw
(6) 150T þ 180T = (ZrjvSn tI{µw þþ 150)x 2
(7) 180 T þ 300 T = (300 þ ZrjvSn tI{µw)/2
(8) 300T þ 360T = ZrjvSn CÃ

ZrjvSn hym]vXn
{Kl§Ä¡p 2 apX 10 hsc `mh§fntebv¡v (30T-þ\pw
300Tþ\pw Cbv¡pÅ Øet¯bv¡v)ZrjvSnbpv. 11,12,1`mh§fntebv¡v
(300T-þ\pw30Tþ\pw CSbv¡pÅ Øet¯bv¡v) ZrjvSnbnÃ.
ഇവിടെ ഒരു കാര്യം പ്രത്യേകം അറിയാനുണ്ട്. ഒരു ഗ്രഹത്തിന് ദൃഷ്ടഗ്രഹമെന്ന നിലയ്ക്കും
(നോക്കപ്പെടുന്നത്) ദൃശ്യഗ്രഹമെന്ന നിലയ്ക്കും (നോക്കുന്നത്) വെവ്വേറെ രേഖാംശങ്ങളുണ്ട്.
ആദ്യത്തേത് ദൃഷ്ടികേന്ദ്രങ്ങളും ദൃഷ്ടിമൂല്യവും സാധാരണഗ്രഹസ്ഫുടങ്ങ Ä (രേഖാംശം) തന്നെ.
രണ്ടാമത്തേത് (ദൃശ്യം) എങ്ങിനെ കിട്ടുന്നുവെന്ന് ഈ വിഷയം കൈകാര്യം ചെയ്യുന്ന പുസ്തക
ങ്ങളിലൊന്നും കണ്ടില്ല, അതെന്തായാലും, ആ കുറവ് ഇവിടെ പരിഹരിക്കുന്നുണ്ട്.

ദൃശ്യത്തിന് ഉദാഹരണം: സൂര്യസ്ഫുടം

ഒരു ജാതകത്തിലെ സൂര്യദൃഷ്ടി കണക്കാക്കാ൯ ദൃഷ്ടവും ദൃശ്യവും കാണുന്നു.
ദൃഷ്ടം ര ച കു ബു ഗു ശു മ
(നോക്കപ്പെടുന്ന

ഗ്രഹം) 180.54* 311.17 229.31 181.31 84 171.10

124.23
( * {Klkv^pSw 180=Â IpdhpÅnS¯v 360 Iq«Ww..)
 [130]

+ … … … … 360 360
360
ആകെ … … … … 444 531
484
(--) സൂര്യസ്ഫുടം 180.54* 180.54* 180.54*
180.54* 180.54* 180.54* 180.54*
ദൃശ്യം ... 130.23 48.37 0.38 263.7 350.16
303.24
ചുരുക്കത്തിÂ, ദൃഷ്ടത്തിÂ നിന്നും അതാതു ഗ്രഹത്തിsâ (ഏതു ഗ്രഹ ത്തിsâ ദൃഷ്ടിയാണോ

കാണേണ്ടത് ആ ഗ്രഹത്തിsâ) രേഖാംശം കുറ ച്ചതാണ് ദൃശ്യം.

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse ZrjvSntI{µ§fpw ZrjvSnaqeyhpw

ഗണിതം എളുപ്പമാക്കുന്നതിനും, ആകെത്തുകയെ സാരമായി ബാധി
ക്കാത്തതുകൊണ്ടും, ദശാംശഫ്രാക്ഷനുകളെ പൂജ്യം പോയി൯റിനു താഴെയു
ള്ളവയെ ഉപേക്ഷിക്കുകയും പോയ൯റ് അഞ്ചും അതിനു മുകളിലുള്ളതും 1 ആയി
എടുക്കുകയും ചെയ്യുന്നു.

kqcy-ZrjvSn
ര ച കു ബു ഗു ശു മ

ദൃഷ്ടം 55.52T 50.82T 5.70T 48T 145.43T 10.77T

77.85T
Rounded off 56 51 6 48 145 11 78
+ ... 360 360 360 … 360 360
ആകെ ... 411 365 408 … 371 438
(--)സൂര്യസ്ഫുടം... 56 56 56 56 56 56
ദൃശ്യം ... 355 309 352 89 315 382
ദൃഷ്ടികേന്ദ്രം ... xx x (3) x x
CXn hymg¯n\p am{Xta kqcyZrjvSnbpÅq. Cu ZrjvSnbpsS aqeyw
apIfnse ]«nIbnÂ\n¶pw ImWWw. 60Tþ90T
വ്യാഴത്തിനു സൂര്യദൃഷ്ടി 89 þ 60 + 15 = 44

N{µZrjvSn
ര ച കു ബു ഗു ശു മ
 [131]

ദൃഷ്ടം 56 51 6 48 145 11 78
(+) … ... 360 360 … 360 …
… … 366 408 … 371 …
(---) 51 … 51 51 51 51 51
5 ... 315 357 94 320 27
x … x x T T
90 þ120 x x
ചന്ദ്രദൃഷ്ടി വ്യാഴത്തിv ന് - (120þ94)/2 +30 … ….. 43
N{µ³ Cu PmXI¯n ]m]\mbXn\m (Aam-hmkn / IrjvW-]£w)
വ്യാഴത്തിനു ചന്ദ്രദൃക്ബലം (þþ) 43
കുജദൃഷ്ടി
ര ച കു ബു ഗു ശു മ

ദൃഷ്ടം 56 51 6 48 145 11 78
ദൃശ്യം (--) 6 6 … 6 6 6 6
ZrjvSntI{µw 50 45 …. 42 139 5 72
30Tþ60T 30Tþ60T ... 30Tþ60T 120--
150 x 60-- 90
(50þþ30)/2(45þþ30)/2... (42þþ30)/2 150 – 139… 72-
60+15
10 7.5 … 6 11 … 27

_p[ZrjvSn
ര ച കു ബു ഗു ശു മ

ZrjvSw 56 51 6 48 145 11
78
(+) … ... 360 … … 360 …
366 … … 371
Zriyw
48 48 48 … 48 48 48
ZrjvSntI{µw 8 3 318 … 97 323 30
90_120 x
x 120_97/2+30
Kpcphn\v _p[ZrjvSn. 42
_p[³ Cu PmXI¯n ]m]\mbXn\m ]m]ZrjvSn (þþ) 42
 [132]

KpcpZrjvSn
ര ച കു ബു ഗു ശു മ

ദൃഷ്ടം 56 51 6 48 145 11 78
(+) 360 360 360 360 … 360
416 411 366 408 … 371 438
ദൃശ്യം 145 145 145 145 … 145 145
ദൃ.കേന്ദ്രം 271 266 221 263 … 226 293
180Tþ300T180Tþ300T 180Tþ300T 180Tþ300 .,,,
180Tþ300T 180T300T (300þ271)/2 (300þ266)/2
(300þ221)/2 (300þ263)/2 ... (300þ226)/2 (300þ293)/2
15 17 40 19 …. 37 4

ip{IzrjvSn ര ച കു ബു ഗു ശു മ

ദൃഷ്ടം 56 51 6 48 145 11 78
(+) … … 360 .. … …..
.366 … … … …
11 11 11 11 11 … 11

45 40 355 37 134 … 67
30Tþ60T 30Tþ60T … 30Tþ60T
120Tþ150T … 60Tþ90T
= (45þþ30)/2 (40þþ30)/2 ,,. (37þþ30)/2 150 – 134 …
67 – 60+15
7.5 5 … 3.5 16 … 22

i\nZrjvSn
ര ച കു ബു ഗു ശു മ

56 51 6 48 145 11 …
(+) 360 360 360 360 … 360 …
416 411 366 408 ,, 371 …
78 78 78 78 78 78 …
 [133]

338 333 288 330 67 293 ...

… x 180 300 x 60 90 180 300…
300_288/2 … 145-- 60+15 300__ 293/2
… … 6 … 23 4 ….

hnti-j-Zr-jvSn-IÄ
{Klw hntijZrjvSn ZrIv_ew jjvSywiw
IpP³ 4þ8, 1/4 15
Kpcp 5þ9, 1/2 30
i\n 3þ10 3/4 45

IpPsâ hntijZrjvSn
കുജ൯ മേടത്തിൽ. hntijZrjvSn ക൪ക്കടത്തിലും (4) വൃശ്ചികത്തിലും (8) ഈ രാശികളിൽ
ഗ്രഹങ്ങളില്ലാത്തതിനാൽ ആ൪ക്കും കുജവിശേഷദൃഷ്ടി ഇല്ല.

Kpcphnsâ hntijZrjvSn
ഗുരു ചിങ്ങത്തിൽ,വിശേഷദൃഷ്ടി 5, 9
ധനു മേടം
ഗ്രഹങ്ങൾ ഇല്ല കു ശു

കുജശുക്രന്മാ൪ക്ക് Kpcphnsâ hntijZrjvSn 30 30

i\nbpsS hntijZrjvSn
i\n anYp-\-¯n hntijZrjvSn 3 10
ചിങ്ങം മീനം
ഗുരു ഗ്രഹമില്ല

ഗുരുവിനു ശനിയുടെ hntijZrjvSn 45 ….

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse വിശേഷദൃഷ്ടി
(നമുക്കു കിട്ടിയത്)
കുജ൯ – വിശേഷദൃഷ്ടി ഇല്ല
ഗുരു - കുജന് 30, ശുക്രന് 30
ശനി – ഗുരുവിന് 45
 [134]

അഭിപ്രായവ്യത്യാസം
ജ്യോതിഷത്തിലെ മറ്റെല്ലാ കാര്യത്തിലുമെന്നപോലെ
ഈ വിഷയത്തിലും അഭി പ്രായവ്യതിയാസമുണ്ട്.
അതുപ്രകാരം, : ചിങ്ങത്തിലെ ഗുരുവിsâ ദൃഷ്ടി ഇട
വത്തിലെ ചന്ദ്രനും ബുധനും 30 വീതം. മിഥുനത്തിലെ
ശനിയുടെ ദൃഷ്ടി മേടത്തിലെ കുജനും ശുക്രനും 45
വീതവും ചിങ്ങത്തിലെ ഗുരുവിന് 45-ഉം

വിശേഷദൃഷ്ടി വിഷയത്തിൽ ദൃഷ്ടവും ദൃശ്യവും ടേബിളുമൊന്നും പ്രസക്തമല്ല.. പ്രസക്ത മായിട്ടുള്ളത്,

മന്ത്രേശ്വര sâ അഭിപ്രായമാണ്:

ശ്രേഷ്ഠേതി സാ സപ്തമ ദൃഷ്ടിരേവ

സ൪വത്ര വാച്യാ ന തഥാന്യ ദൃഷ്ടി …….(ഫലദീപിക 4/8)

പൂ൪ണ്ണദൃഷ്ടികൾ, ദൃഷ്ടത്തിൽനിന്നും ദൃശ്യം കുറച്ച് കിട്ടുന്ന ആംഗിളുകൾ

ടേബിളിലൂടെ കടന്നു hcpt¼mÄ, വളരെ കുറഞ്ഞ് ദു൪ബ്ബലമാകുന്നതായി
കാണാം എന്നാൽ, ഷഷ്ട്യംശം ഒരിക്കലും കുറയാത്ത അപൂ൪ണ്ണദൃഷ്ടികളായ
വിശേഷ ദൃഷ്ടികൾ ഉപയോഗിച്ച് രണ്ടു പാപന്മാരും ഒരു ശുഭനും ശ്രേഷ്ടമായ
പൂ൪ണ്ണ ദൃഷ്ടികളെ ദൃക്ബലത്തിൽ പിന്തള്ളുന്നതും സാധാരണമാണ്. ഈ കാരണ
ങ്ങൾകൊണ്ട് ദൃക്ബലവിഷയത്തിൽ ഇവിടെ വിശേഷദൃഷ്ടി പരിഗണിക്കുന്നില്ല.
.

ZrIv_ew k½dn (വിശേഷദൃഷ്ടി അടക്കം)

1.ip`ZrjvSn
kqcy\v N{µ\v IpP\v _p[\v hymg\v ip{I\v i\nbv¡v
hymgw 15 17 40 19 … 37
4
വി.ദൃഷ്ടി 30 30
ip{I³ 8 5 … 4 15 … 22
 [135]

ശുഭ ZrjvSn(+) 23 22 70 23 15 67 26

2. ]m]ZrjvSn
kqcy\v N{µ\v IpP\v _p[\v hymg\v ip{I\v i\n¡v
kqcy³ ... .... .... .... 45 … …
N{µ³ .... .... .... … 43 … …
IpP³ 10 8 … 6 10 … 27
_p[³ .... .... .... .... 41 ... ...
ശനി … … 6 … 22 4 ...
വി.ദൃഷ്ടി 45 … …
(--) 10 8 6 6 206 4 27

ZrIv_ew k½dn (വിശേഷദൃഷ്ടി ഇല്ലാതെ)

1.ip`ZrjvSn
kqcy\v N{µ\vIpP\v_p[\vhymg\vip{I\v i\nbv¡v
hymgw 15 17 40 19 … 37
4
ip{I³ 8 5 … 4 15 … 22
ശുഭ ZrjvSn(+) 23 22 40 23 15 37 26

2. ]m]ZrjvSn
kqcy\vN{µ\v IpP\v _p[\v hymg\v ip{I\vi\n¡v
kqcy³ ... .... .... .... 45 … …
N{µ³ .... .... .... … 43 … …
IpP³ 10 8 … 6 10 … 27
_p[³ .... .... .... .... 41 ... ...
ശനി … … 6 … 22 4 ...
(--) 10 8 6 6 161 4 27

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse ZrIv_ew
ര ച കു ബു ഗു ശു മ
ip`_ew(+) 23 22 40 23 15 37 26
 [136]

]m]_ew(--) 10 8 6 6 161 4 27
ZrjvSn]nÞw +13 +14 +34 +17 -146 +33 -1
Zr. _ew(1/4) +3.25 +3.5 +8.5 +4.25 36.5 +8.25 –0.25

4. tNjvSm_ew
IpP³, _p[³, hymgw, ip{I³, i\n F¶o A©p Xmcm {Kl§Ä¡p
In«p¶ _eamWv tNjvSm_ew. tNjvSm_ew ImWp ¶Xn\v
bYmÀ°kv^pSw, icmicnkv^pSw, iot{Lm¨w, tNjvSmtI{µw Ch
BhiyamWv.

bYmÀ°kv^pSw.
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse {Klkv^pSw
kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³
i\n
:`mKþIebn 55Tþ31’’ 50Tþ49’’ 5Tþ42’48T 145Tþ26’
10Tþ46’ 77Tþ51’’
*Zimwi¯n 55.52T 50.82T 5.70T 48T 145.43T 10.77T
77.85T

icmicnkv^pSw
Hcp {Kl¯nsâ {]Z£nWhgn ]mfn¨bnÃm¯Xpw IrXyamb
hr¯mIrXnbnepÅXp amsW¶ k¦Â¸¯nepÅXmWv icmicn kv^pSw.
CXp ImWp¶Xn\pÅ Ffp¸¯n\v ]«nIIÄ e`yamWv. F¶m ChbpsS
ASnØm\w DÖbn\ntcJmwi¯n (76TE), 1þ1þ1900 AÀ²cm{Xn kab
amWv. AXpsImv Cu ]«nIIfnÂ\n¶pw P\\¯nbXnbnse icmicn
kv^pSw ImWp¶Xn\v BZyambn 1þ1þ1900 apXÂ P\\¯nbXnhsc
Ignªpt]mb Znhk§Ä KWns¨Sp¡Ww.

1þ1þ1900 apX P\\kabwhsc sN¶ Znhk§Ä/

kabw ImWp¶ hn[w:
 [137]

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse P\\w 10þ6þ1945, 1þ36 F.Fw. BbXn\mÂ

1þ1þ1900 AÀ²cm{XnapX 10þ6þ1945, 1þ36 F.Fw. hsc Ignª
kabamWv ImtWXv.
(1) 1- þ 1 þ 1900 apXÂ 10 þ 6 þ 1945 hsc
BsI sN¶ hÀj§Ä (1945 þþ 1900) -=45
(2) 45 hÀjs¯ Znhkw (45 x 365) =16425
Znhk§Ä
(3.) A[nhÀj§fnse A[nIZnhk§Ä =12 Znhk§Ä
(4) 1þ1þ1945 apX--Â 9þ6þ1945 hsc =160
Znhk§Ä
(5) BsI =16597 Znhk§Ä
(6) AÀ²cm{XnapX P\\w hscbpÅ kabw:
1945 Pq¬ 9þmw XnbXn AÀ²cm{XnapX P\\whsc sN¶Xv: 1
aWn¡qÀ 36 an\näv. F¶m ]«nIbnse icmicnkv^pSw DÖbn\n kab ¯n
\mIbmÂ, C´y³ Ìm³tUÀUv kabhpw DÖbn\nkabhpw X½nepÅ
hyXymkw A\pkcn¨v Cu kabs¯ amäWw.
tcJmwi¯nse Un{Knsb kabam¡m³: 1T = 4 an\näv
C´y³ kväm³UmÀUv kab¯nsâ tcJmwiw 82Tþ30’
DÖbn\nkab.¯nsâ tcJmwiw 76T
hyXymkw 6þ30’
6Tþ30’s\ kabam¡pt¼mÄ 6þ30 x 4 26 an\näv
P\\kabamb 1 aWn¡qÀ 36 an\nänÂ\n¶pw 26 an\näv Ipdbv¡pt¼mÄ 1
aWn 10 an\näv AYhm 70 an\nävv In«pw. CXns\ 24 aWn¡qÀ
(1440 an\näv) sImp lcn¨v Bhiyamb Znhk`mKw ImWWw.

icmicnkv^pSw ImWp¶Xn\pÅ ]«nIIÄ D]-tbm-Kn¨v Bzy-ambn

kqcysâ icmicnkv^pSw ImWWw. CXp-X-s¶-bmWv _p[ip{I·-
mcpsS icm icn kv^pShpw IpP³ hymgw, i\n ChcpsS iot{Lm¨hpw
]«nI-icmicnkv^pSw : kqcy³,_p[³, ip{I³
1þ1þ1900þse (0 aWn¡qÀ, 76 E) icmicn kqcykv^pSw: 257.4568T
o
bqWnäv 100 1000 10000
1 0.9856 98.5602 265.6026 146.0265
2 1.9712 197.1205 71.2053 272.0531
3 2.9568 295.6808 76.8080 48.0796
 [138]

4 3.9524 34.2411 342.4106 184.1062

5 4.9280 132.8013 248.0133 320.1327
6 5.9136 231.3616 153.6159 96.1593

7 6.8992 329.9218 59.2186 232.1868

8 7.8848 68.4821 324.8212 8.2124
9 8.8704 167.0424 230.4239 144.2389

DZmlcWPmXI¯n kqcysâ icmicnkv^pSw

icmicn: c_p-ip. iot{Lm¨w : IpKpa
1þ1þ1900 - se icmicnkv^pSw 257.4568
CXnsâIqsS 1þ1þ1900 apXÂ 9þ6þ1945hscbpÅ
16597 Znhks¯ amäw tNÀ¡Ww.10000 - 146.0265
6000 -153.6159
500 -132.8013
90 88.704
1a 10an - 0.04791
BsI - 785.55
T
. CXn DÅ 360 IÄ Ipdbv¡Wa (--) 720
= 65.55
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse kqcy³, _p[³, ip{I³ ChcpsS icmicn kv^pSw
CXpXs¶. C\n IpP³, Kpcp, i\n ChcpsS icmicn kv^pSw ImWWw.

]«nI icmicnkv^pSw :IpP³

-1þ1-þ1990 : icmicnkv^pSw: 270.22T
bqWnäv 100 1000 10000
1 0.524 52.40 164.02 200.19
2 1.048 104.80 328.04 40.39
3 1.572 157.21 132.06 240.58
4 2.096 209.61 296.08 80.78
5 2.620 262.01 100.10 280.97
6 3.144 314.41 264.12 121.16
7 3.668 6.81 68.14 321.36
8 4.192 59.22 232.55 161.55
4.716 111.62 36.17 1.74
 [139]

-]«nI icmicnkv^pSw:Kpcp
icmicnkv^pSw (1þ1þ1900) : 220.04
bqWnäv 10 100 1000 10000
1 .08 0.83 8.31 83.1 110.96
2 .17 1.66 16.62 166.19 221.96
3 .25 2.49 24.93 249.29 332.89
4 .33 3.32 33.24 332.39 83.85
5 .41 4.15 41.55 55.48 194.82
6 .50 4.99 49.86 138.58 305.78
7 .58 5.82 58.17 221.67 56.74
8. 66 6.65 66.58 304.77 167.71
9. 75 7.48 74.79 78.87 278.67

]«nI icmicnkv^pSw - ശനി

1þ1þ1900 icmickv^pSw: 236.74
bqWnä 10 100 1000 10000
1 .03 33 3.34 33.44 334.39
2 .07 .67 6.59 66.88 308.79
3 .10 1.00 10.03 100.32 283.18
4 .13 1.34 13.38 133.76 257.57
5 .17 1.67 16.72 167.20 231.97
6 .20 2.01 20.06 200.64 206.36
7 .23 2.34 23.41 234.08 180.75
8 .27 2.68 26.75 267.51 155.14
9 .30 3.01 30.10 300.95 129.54

DZmlcWPmXI¯n {Kl§fpsS icmicnkv^pSw:

(kv^pSw Zimwi¯nÂ)
{Klw kqcy³IpP³_p[³hymgw ip{I³i\n
55.52T 5.70T 48T 145.43T 10.77T
77.85T
1þ1þ1990 þþ 270.22 … 220.04 … 236.74
1þ1þ1990\p tijw (16597 Znhk¯n\)v
10000 … 200.19 … 110.96 … 334.39
 [140]

6000 … 264.12 … 138.58 … 200.64

500 … 262.01 … 41.55 … 16.72
90 … 47.16 … 7.48 … 3.01
7 … 3.66 … 0.58 … 0.23
1a 10an … 0.02 … 0.00 … 0.00
BsI … 1047.39… 519.19 … 791.73
Id£³* … … … (þþ)3.63 … (+)5.04
_m¡n … 1047.39 …515.56… 796.77
þ-þ360/720… 720 … 360 … 720
þ
icmicn 65.55 327.39 65.55 155.56 65.55 76.77
Id£³ *
{Klw kqcy³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³ i\n
1þ1þ1900 … … … þþ3.33 … +5
1þ1þ1900 apXÂ
P\\hÀjwhsc…… … .0067 … 001
þ
{Klw kqcy³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³ i\n
(1945þþ1900)= 45 þ45 45
0.301 0.045
(þ)--04
(þ) 3.63 (+)5.04
iot{Lm¨w
kqcysâ icmicnkv^pSamWv IpP³, hymgw, i\n ChcpsS iot{Lm¨w.
_p[³, ip{I³ ChcpsS iot{Lm¨w 5, 6 ]«nIIfnÂ\n¶p ImWWw.

iot{Lm¨w ImWp¶Xn\pÅ ]«nIIÄ

6 (1) iot{Lm¨w : _p[³ (1þ1þ1900se ØnXn þ 164o)
bqWnäv 10 100 1000 10000
1 4.09 40.92 49.23 133.32 243.18
2 8.18 81.84 98.46 264.64 126.36
3 12.28 122.77 147.69 36.95 9.54
4 16.37 163.69 196.93 169.27 252.72
5 20.46 204.62 246.16 301.59 135.90
 [141]

6 24.55 245.54 295.39 73.91 19.08

7 28.65 286.46 344.62 206.34 262.26
8 32.74 327.38 33.85 338.54 145.44
9 36.83 8.31 83.09 110.86 28.63
iot{Lm¨w : ip{I³ (1þ1þ1900se ØnXn: 328.51o )
bqWnäv10 100 1000 10000
1 1.60 16.02 160.21 162.15 181.46
2 3.20 32.04 320.43 324.29 2.93
3 4.81 48.06 120.64 246.44 184.39
4 6.41 64.09 280.86 288.52 5.86
5 8.01 80.11 81.07 90.73 187.32
6 9.61 96.13 241.29 252.88 8.87
7 11.21 116.15 41.50 55.02 190.25
8 12.82 128.17 201.72 217.17 11.71
9 14.42 144.19 1.93 19.32 193.18
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse iot{Lm¨§Ä _p[³, ip{I³
1þ1þ1990þÂ 164.0 328.51
1þ1þ1990\p tijw (16597 Znhk¯n\v ) 10000 243.18 þ 181.46
6000 73.91 252.88
þ 500 246.16 81.07
90 8.31 144.19
þ 7 28.65 11.21
þ 1a 10an 0.1 0.07
þ BsI 764.40 999.32
BsI 764.40 999.32
Id£³ (+) 6.61 (þ) 5.01
_m¡n þ 771.01
þ994.31 -þ360/720 þ
720 720
iot{Lm¨§Ä _p[³ ip{I³
51.01 274.31

4. tNjvmtI{µw
bYmÀ° {Klkv^pShpw icmicn {Klkv^pShpw X½nÂIq«n cpsImp
lcn¡pI. (tNjvSmtI{µw IpdhmsW¦n AXnsâIqsS 360 Iq«Ww.) Cu
 [142]

lcW^es¯ iot{Lm¨¯nÂ\n¶pw Ipd¨m In«p¶ hyXymkamWv

tNjvSmtI{µw

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse tNjvSmtI{µ§Ä
IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³ i\n
bYmÀ°kv^pSw T
5.70 48 T 145.43 T 10.77T 77.85T
icmicnkv^pSw 333.09 113.55 300.99 76.32 154.62
]IpXn 166.54 56.77 150.49 38.16 77.31
iot{Lm¨w 65.55 51.01 65.55 274.31 65.55
+ 360 360 360 þ 360
= 25.55 411.01 425.55 þ 425.55
kv^pSw]IpXn 166.54 56.77 150.49 38.16 77.31
tNjvSmtI{µw 259.01 354.24 275.06 236.15 348.24

5. tNjvSm_ew
tNjvSmtI{µ¯nsâ aq¶nsem¶mWv tNjvSm_ew.
(tNjvSmtI{µw 180Tþ IqSpXemsW¦n AXv 360TþÂ\n¶pw
Ipdbv¡Ww.)

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse tNjvSm_ew
IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³ i\n
360 360 360 360 360
(þ) 259.01 354.24 275.06 236.15 348.24
100.99 576 84.94 123.85 11.76
tNjvSm_ew(1/3)
33 .661.92 28.31 41.28 3.92

5. Øm\_ew
(1) D¨_ew
{Kl§fpsS D¨\oNØnXn¡\pkcn¨pÅ _eamWnXv. Hcp {Kl¯nsâ
AXn\oN Øm\hpw AXp \n¡p¶ tcJmwihpw ({Kl kv^pShpw)
X½nepÅhyXymks¯ aq¶psImp lcn¨m D¨_ew In«pw.

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse D¨_ew
 [143]

{Klw kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³

i\
D¨w 10T 33T 298T 165T 95T 357T 200T
*(+) 180T 180T 180T 180T 180T 180T 180T
\oNw = 190T 213T 478T 345T 275T 537T 380T
**(þ) þ þ 360 þ þ 360 360
190T 213T 118T 345T 275T 177T 20T
{Klkv^pSw 55.52T 50.82T 5.70T 48T 145.43T 10.77T
77.85T
hyXymkw 134.48 162.18 112.30 63* 129.57 166.23 57.85
T T
D¨_ew (1/3) 44.83 54.06 37.43 21T T 43.19T 55.41T 19.28T
* D¨t¯mSp 180 Iq«nbm \oNw In«pw.
** 360þ IqSpXemsW¦n 360 Ipd¨p IfbWw.

5 (2) k]vXhÀ¤P_ew
Ignª A²ymb¯n hnhcn¨ ZihÀ¤¯nÂ\n¶pw cmin, tlmc, t{Z¡mWw,
k]vXmwiw, \hmwiw, ZzmZimwiw, {Xnwimwiw F¶o Ggp hÀ¤ §Ä
tNÀ¶XmWv k]vXhÀ¤w. Ct¸mÄ k]vX hÀ¤P_e¯n {Kl§Ä
X½nepÅ ss\kÀ¤nI _Ô¯n\p ]pdsa X¡me _ÔwIqSn ChnsS ]
cnKWn¡p¶p.

k]vXhÀ¤P_ew (jjvSywi¯nÂ):
hÀ¤w aqe{Xn kzhÀ¤w A[nan{X an{X ka i{Xp
A[ni{Xp
_ew 45 30 22.5 15 7.5 3.75 1.875
DZmlcWPmXI¯nseþ
1. cminØnXn_ew
kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n
cminØnXn CShw CShw taSw CShw Nn§w taSw anYp\w
cmin\mY³ ip ip Ip ip c Ip _p
 [144]

ss\kÀ¤n i{Xp aqe{Xn aqe{Xn an{Xw an{Xw

ka³ ka³
XXv¡me 12 an ... ... .12 an{Xw10 an{Xw 1 i{Xp
12 an{Xw
_Ôw ka³ aqe{Xn aqe{Xn A[nan A[nan i{Xp
an{Xw
_ew 7.5 45 45 22.5 22.5 3.75 15

2. tlmcmØnXn_ew
kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n
tlmcm\mY³ kqcy³ kqcy³ kqcy³ kqcy³ N{µ³ kqcy³ N{µ³
ss\kÀ¤nI kz an{X an ka ka i{Xp ka
XXvIme … 1 i{Xp 2 an{X 1 i{Xp 10 an{Xw 2 an{X
12 an{X
kwbpà ... ka A[nan i{Xp an{X ka an{X
_ew 30 7.5 22.5 3.75 15. 7.5 15.

3. t{Z¡mWØnXn_ew
kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n
aIcw aIcw taSw I¶n taSw Nn§w Xpemw
t{Z.\mY³ a a Ip _p Ip c ip
ss\._Ôwi{Xpi{Xp kz aqe{Xn an i{Xp an{X
XXv._Ôw2 an{X2 an{X .... .... 9 i{Xp 2 an{X
11 an{X
kw._Ôw ka ka .... .... ka ka A[nan{X
_ew 30 7.5 22.5 3.75 15 7.5 15
4. k]vXmwiØnXn_ew
kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n
taSw ao\w CShw ao\w aIcw anYp\w
Xpemw
k]vXmwi\m. Ip Kp ip Kp a _p ip
ss\._Ôw an{Xw an{Xw ka i{Xp ka an{X
an{X
XXv._Ôw 12 an{Xw4 an{Xw 1 i{Xp 4 an{Xw3 an{Xw 2
an{Xw 11 an{Xw
kw._Ôw A[nanA[nan i{Xp ka an{Xw A[nan A[nan
 [145]

_ew 22.5 22.5 3.75 7.5 15 22.5 22.5

5 \hmwiØnXn_ew
kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n
Nn§w IÀ¡Sw CShw anYp\w hrÝnIw
IÀ¡Swao\w
\hmwi\mY. c N ip _p Ip N Kp
ss\._Ôw kz kz ka kz an{X ka ka
XXv._Ôw þ þ 1 i{Xp þ 9 i{Xp 12 an{Xw11 an{Xw
kw._Ôw þ þ i{Xp an{X ka an{X an{X
_ew 30 30 3.75 30. 7.5 15 15.

6. ZzmZimwiØnXn_ew
kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n
ao\w aIcw anYp\w [\p anYp\w Nn§w
aIcw
ZzmZimwi\m Kp a _p Kp _p c a
ss\._Ôw an{Xw i{Xp ka i{Xp ka i{Xp
kz
XXv._Ôw 4 an{Xw 2 an{Xw 2 an{Xw 4 an{Xw
10 an{Xw 2 an{Xw....
kw._Ôw A[nan ka an{Xwka an{Xw ka³ ..
_ew 22.5 7.5 15 7.5 15 7.5 30
7. {Xnwimw-iw
Hcp cminsb ap¸-Xmbn Xncn-¨Xp {Xnwimw-iIw.
{Xnwimw-iI\mY·mÀ:
HmPcminIfnÂ: 5 5 87 5
]cn[n T
1þ5 6þ10 T 11þ18 19þ25T
T 26þ30T
{Xnwimwiw: taSw Ip`w [\p anYp\w
Xpemw
{Xnwimwi\mY: Ip a Kp _p ip
bpÜcminIfn 5 7 8 55
]cn[n T
1þ5 6þ10 T 11þ18T 19-þ25T 26þ30T
\mY·-mÀ ip _p Kp a Ip
 [146]

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse {Xnwimwi\mY·-mÀ
{Klw c N Ip _p Kp ip a
\mY³ Ip a a Kp ip Kp Kp
_Ôw an{X i{Xp i{Xp i{Xp ka i{Xp
ka

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse k]vXhÀ¤P_ew
c N Ip _p Kp ip a
1. cmin i{Xp aqe{Xn aqe{Xn an{X an{X ka
ka
2. tlmc kz an{X an{X ka ka i{Xp
ka
3. t{Z¡mWw i{Xp i{Xp aqe aqe an{X i{Xp
D¨w
4. k]vXmw an{X an{X ka \oN \oN an{X
an{X
5. \hmwi kz kz ka kz an{X ka
ka
6. ZzmZim an{X i{Xp ka i{Xp ka
i{Xp kz
7. {Xnwimw an{X i{Xp i{Xp i{Xp ka
i{Xp ka
A\p-Iqew 3 3 3 33 1 2

5 (3) HmPbpÜcmiywi_ew
HmPþbpÜcminIfnepw HmPþbpÜ\hmwi§fnepapÅ ØnXn¡\p kcn¨v
{Kl§Ä¡p In«p¶ _eamWnXv.
HmPcmin HmP\hmwiw cpw
(1)kqcy³, IpP³,
_p[³, Kpcp, i\n 15 15 30
bpÜcmin bpÜ\hmwiw cpw
(2)N{µ³, ip{I³ 15 15 30
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse HmPbpÜØnXn:
 [147]

{Klw kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³

i\n
kv^pSw 55.52T 50.82T 5.70T 48T 145.43T
10.77T 77.85
cmin CShw CShw taSw CShw Nn§w taSw anYp\w
HmPw /bpÜw bpÜw bpÜw HmPw bpÜw HmPw HmPw HmPw
_ew .... 15 15 ,,,, 15 .... 15

5 (4) tI{µ_ew
tI{µw 1, 4, 7, 10 60 jjvSywiw
]W]cw 2, 5, 8, 11 30 jjvSywiw
Bt]m¢naw 3, 6, 9, 12 15 jjvSywiw
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse tI{µ_ew
{Klw kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³
i\n
(`mhw) III III II III VI II IV
Bt]m¢n Bt]m¢n ]W]cw Bt]m¢n Bt]m¢n ]W]cw tI{µw
_ew 15 15 30 15 15 30 60

5 (5) t{Z¡mW_ew
{Kl§Ä ]pcpj³ (kqcy³, Kpcp, IpP³), \]pwkIw (i\n, _p[³),
kv{Xo (N{µ³, ip{I³) F¶n§s\ aq¶p Xc¯n hcp¶p. AhÀ¡v t{Z¡m
W¯nse (aq¶p `mK§fnÂ) Nne {]tXyI`mK§fn \n¡pt¼mÄ In«p¶
_eamWv t{Z¡mW_ew.
Klw kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³ i\n
]pcpj... ]pcpj³ kv{Xo ]pcpj \]pwk ]pcpj kv{Xo \]pwk
t{Z¡mWw 1 2 1 2 1 3 2
_ew 15 15 15 15 15 15 15

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse t{Z¡mW_ew
{Klw kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³
i\n
 [148]

kv^pSw 55.52T 50.82T 5.70T 48T 145.43T

0.77T 77.85T
t{Z¡mWw 3 3 1 2 3 2 2
_ew … 15 15 15 .... .... 15

6.Ime_ew
6 (1) \tXm¶X_ew (Znhcm{Xn_ew)
\tXm¶X_ew (Znhcm{Xn_ew) 60 jjvSywiw AYhm 1
cq]bmWv. cm{Xnþ{Kl§Ä¡v AÀ²cm{Xn 12 aWn¡pw ]I þ
{Kl§Ä¡v D¨bv¡v 12 aWn¡pamWv Cu _ew In«pI. AÃm¯ t¸mgs¯
_ew {InbsNbvXp Ip]nSn¡Ww.
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse P\\w cm{Xn 1.36þ\mWv. A¶v
DZbw 6.03þ\pw AkvXa\w 6.46þ\pw. AXpsh¨p Zn\am\w ImWWw.

aWn an\näv sk¡âv

AkvXa\w: 6þ46 ]n.Fw. = 18 46 …
DZbw = 6 03 …
Zn\am\w 18þ46 þþ 6.03 = 12 43
]Iensâ ]IpXn 6þ43/2 =6þ21 1 / 2= 6 --21 30
DZb¯nt\mSpIqsS CXp Iq«nbmÂ-- \«p¨ In«pw.
\«p¨ 6þ03 + 6þ21þ30 = 12 24
30.
AÀ²cm{Xn 12-þ-24þ30 + 12þ00 = 24- 24
30
cm{Xn_e¡mcmb N{µ³, IpP³, i\n F¶nhÀ¡v cm{Xn 0 aWn 24
an\näv 30 sk¡ân\v 60 jjvSywiw _ew In«pw. F¶m P\\w 1þ36
\mWtÃm. B hyXymkw Ipdbv¡Ww.
1þ36 þþ 0þ24þ30 = 1- 11
30
1 aWn¡qÀ 11 an\näv 30 sk¡âpsImv.
_ew F{X Ipdªp F¶p t\m¡m³ {Inb sN¿mw.
 [149]

1þ11þ30 $ 60 = 71þ30 $ 60 71 1/2 $ 60 = 5.96

jjvSywiw
12 aWn¡qÀ 720 an\näv 720
_m¡n 60þþ5.96 = 54.04 jjvSywiw
AXmbXv þþ
1) N{µ³, IpP³, i\n F¶nhcpsS cm{Xn_ew 54.04 jjvSywiw.
2) ]IÂþ_e¡mcmb kqcy³, IpP³, Kpcp F¶nhcpsS
]IÂ_ew 60 þþ 54.04 = 5.96 jjvSywiw.
3) _p[\v Ft¸mgpw Htc _eamIbm _p[sâ _ew
60 jjvSywiw.

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse {Kl§fpsS \tXm¶X_ew

{Klw kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³
i\n
_ew 5.96 54.04 54.04 60 5.96 5.96 54.04

6 (2.) ]£_ew
N{µ\v kqcy\nÂ\n¶papÅ AI¨bmWv hmhpIfpsSbpw ]£
§fpsSbpw ASnØm\w. cp t]À¡pw Htc tcJmwiw ({Kl kv^pSw)
BIpt¼mÄ N{µsâ k©mcw kqcysâ IqsS bmIpIbpw H«pw
ZriyaÃmsX hcnIbpw sN¿pw. AXmWv Idp¯ hmhv (Aamhmkn).
AhnSp¶t§m«v shfp¯]£amWv. N{µ³ kqcy\nÂ\n¶pw 12T Aiep
t¼mÄ Hcp XnYnbmbn. 15 XnYnbm Ipt¼Ä (180T) shfp¯hmhv
(]uÀ®an). N{µkv^pSw hopw kqcykv^pS¯nse¯pt¼mÄ ASp¯
Idp¯hmhv. Npcp¡¯n N{µ\pw kqcy\pw X½nepÅ Zqcw t\m¡n
bmWv ]£_ew IW¡m¡p¶Xv. Idp¯hmhp Ignªv F«mas¯ ZnhkwapXÂ
shfp¯ hmhp Ignªv Ggmas¯ Znhkw hsc N{µ\v ]£_eapp.v

. ]£_eamWv N{µsâ {][m\_ew. ]£_eanÃm¯ N{µ³ ]m] \mWv.

60 jjvSywiw AYhm 1 cq]bmWv ]£_ew.N{µ\pw kqcy\pw X½n epÅ
AIehpw {Kl§fpsS ]£_ehpw
0T þ- 180T 180-T þ 360T
]m]À¡p ]qÀ®_ew ip`À¡p ]qÀ® _ew
ip`À¡p 0 _ew ]m]À¡p 0 _ew
CXn\nSbv¡p hcp¶Xv IW¡psNbvXp Ip]nSn¡Ww
 [150]

]£_ew ImWp¶hn[w:
N{µkv^pSw þþ kqcykv^pSw = ]m]cpsS ]£_ew.
(N{µkv^pSw kqcykv^pSt¯¡mÄ IpdhmsW¦n 180T Iq«Ww.)

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse {Klkv^pSw (Zimwi¯nÂ):

kqcy³N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³hymgw ip{I³i\n
55.52 50.82 5.70T 48.00T 145.43T
T T 10.77T 77.85T

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse N{µkv^pSw -50.82

CXp kqcykv^pSt¯¡Ä IpdhmbXn\m 180T Iq«Ww.
50þ82 + 180 = 230-- .82
(þ) kqcykv^pSw (þ)55.52
hyXymkw = 175. 30
175.30-s\ 3 sImp lcn¨m ]m]cpsS ]£_ew In«pw.
175.30/3 = 58.43
ip`cpsS ]£_ew 60 þþ 58.43 = 1. 57
N{µ\v ]£_ew Cc«nbmWv. 58.43 $ 2 = 116.86
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse {Kl§fpsS ]£_ew
kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³i\n
58.43 116.86 58.43 58.43 1.57 1.57 58.43

6 (3.) {Xn`mK_ew
]Iens\bpw cm{Xnbtbbpw ap½q¶p `mK§fm¡n Hmtcm
`mK¯pw Hmtcm {Kl¯n\pw Hmtcm _ew sImSp¯n«pÅXmWv
{Xn`mK_ew. P\\w Ft¸mgmbmepw hymg¯n\v {Xn`mK_eapv. 60
jjvSywiamWv {Xn`mK_ew.

{Xn`mK_ew ImWp¶ coXn:

]IÂþ cm{Xn
`mKw 1 2 3 1 2 3
_eapÅ {Klw _p c a N ip Ip
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse P\\w cm{XnbmbXn\m BZyw cm{Xnam\w
ImWWw.
P\\Znhks¯ AkvXa\w = 18þ46
 [151]

ASp¯ DZbw = 6þ03

cm{Xnam\w (18.46 þþ 6.03) =
11þ17
CXns\ 3 `mKam¡Ww. 11þ17 / 3
= 3 aWn¡qÀ 45 an\näv hoXapÅ 3 `mK§Ä
ASp¯Xmbn P\\w GXp `mK¯mWp hcp¶sX¶p t\m¡Ww.

P\\kabw 1þ36 F.Fw. = 25þ36 aWn

AkvXa\w = 18þ46
`mKw þ1 18þ46 + 3þ45 = 21-.91
= 22þ31
`mKwþ2 22þ31 + 3þ45 25þ76 26þ16
P\\w 25þ36 \mIbm AXp cmas¯ `mK¯v AYhm ip{Isâ `mK¯p
hcp¶p.
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse {Xn`mK_ew
kqcy³N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³i\n
þ þ þ þ 60 60 þ

6 (4) A_vZ_ew (15 jjvSywiw)

P\\w hcp¶ ssN{XhÀj¯nsâ BZyZnhk¯nsâ \mY\mWv
hÀjm[n]³. P\\Znhks¯ AlÀ¤WkwJy A\pkcn¨mWv CXp ImWp¶Xv.
AlÀ¤Ww hfsc \o kwJybmbXn\m kuIcy ¯n\pthn HXp¡nb
kwJyIfmWv hÀjmcw`w ImWm\p]tbmKn ¡p¶Xv.
hnhn[ Npcp¡kwJyIÄ CXn\mbn \nehnepv. ChnsS tUm. _n.hn.cma³
At±l¯nsâ {Kl_ehpw `mh_ehpw F¶ ]pkvXI ¯n sImSp¯n«pÅ
AlÀ¤W]«nIbmWv D]tbmKn¡p¶Xv. Cu AlÀ¤W]«nI Bcw`n¡p¶Xv
2þ5þ1827 _p[\mgvN apX¡mWv.
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse P\\w: 1945 Pq¬ 10, i\nbmgvN.
1944 Unkw_À 31þsâ AlÀ¤Ww 42978
1þ1þ45 apX 10þ6þ45 hsc 161 Znhk§Ä
10þ6þ45 se AlÀ¤Ww þ 43139
Cu Znhk§sf 360þsImp lcn¨v F{X hÀjaps¶p ImWWw.
43139 / 360 = lcW^ew hÀjkwJy =119
Cu hÀjkwJysb 3 sImp s]cp¡n 1 Iq«Ww.
119 $ 3 = 357. 357 + 1 = 358.
 [152]

Cu kwJysb 7þsImp lcn¨m In«p¶ injvSw B hÀjw XpS§p¶

BgvNbpw B BgvNbpsS \mY³ hÀjm[n]\p amWv.
injvSw 1þ_p[³,
2þhymgw,
3þshÅn,
4þi\n
5þRmbÀ.
6þXn¦Ä,
7þsNmÆ F¶XmWv {Iaw.
358/ 7 = lcW^ew 51, _m¡n 1. 1þ_p[\mgvN. _p[\mgvNbpsS \mY³
_p[³. P\\kabs¯ hÀjm[n]³ _p[³.
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse A_vZm[n]_ew:
kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³i\n
…. … …. 15 .. .. ..
þ þ þ
6 (5) amk_ew (30 jjvSywiw)
amkm[n]s\ ImWp¶Xn\v, P\\Znhks¯ AlÀ¤Ws¯ 30þsImp lcn¨mÂ
In«p¶ lcW^es¯ 2þsImp s]cp¡n, 1 Iq«n, 7þsImp lcn¡Ww.
1. 1945 Pq¬ 10þse AlÀ¤Ww þ 43139
2. 30þsImp lcn¡pI 43139 / 30 = 1437
3. lcW^es¯2þsImp s]cp¡pI 1437 x 2 = 2874
4. 1 Iq«pI 2874+1 = 2875
5. 2875þs\ 7þsImp lcn¡pI.2875/7 = 410.
injvSw
5.
1þ_p[³, 2þhymgw, 3þshÅn, 4þi\n 5þRmbÀ. F¶ {Ia¯n amkmcw`w
RmbdmgvN. amkm[n]³ kqcy³.
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse amkm[n]_ew:
kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³ i\n
30 .. … .. .. .. .. þ

6 (6) hmcm[n]_ew (45 jjvSywiw)

P\\Znhkw GXmgvNbmtWm, B BgvNbpsS \mY\mbncn¡pw
hmcm[n]³. DZmlcWP\\w i\nbmgvN. hmcm[n]³ i\n.
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse hmcm[n]_ew:
kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³ i\n
 [153]

þ þ 45
6 (7) tlmcm[n]_ew (60 jjvSywiw)
HcpZnhkw DZbwapXÂ ASp¯ Znhkw DZbwhscbmWv Hcp
`mcXobZnhkw. Znhks¯ Ccp]¯n\membn Xncn¨XmWv Hcp tlmc.
AXmbXv, Imetlmc Hcp aWn¡qdmWv. AXv kucbqY¯nse
{Iaa\pkcn¨pXs¶ a, Kp, Ip, c (`qan¡p]Icw), ip. _p, N F¶ {Ia¯nÂ
BhÀ¯n¨phcp¶p. hmcm[n]sâ tlmcXs¶bmWv BZyw. DZbw
RbdmgvN 6þ15 \msW§¦n 7þ15 hsc kqcytlmcm. XpSÀ¶v, ip{I³,
_p[³, N{µ³ i\n, hygw, IpP³ F¶ {Ia¯n BhÀ¯n ¨phcpw. 25þmas¯
N{\tlmc tbmsS Xn¦fmgvN Bcw`n¡pw. P\\w GXp
ImetlmcbnemtWm AXnsâ \mY\mWv tlmcm[n]³.

tlmcIfpw tlmcm[n]·-mcpw BhÀ¯n¡p¶ hn[w:

tlmc tlmcm[n]³
1 8 15 22 i\n
2 9 16 23 Kpcp
3 10 17 24 IpP³
4 11 18 chn
5 12 19 ip{I³
6 13 20 _p[³
7 14 21 N{µ³

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse P\\w i\nbmgvN.

P\\kabw 1þ36 F.Fw. A¶v DZbw 6þ03 aWn¡v.
BZyambn C´y³ kabs¯ {]mtZinIkabw B¡Ww.
Ìm³tUÀUv sadoUnb³ 82T þ 30’
XriqÀ 76T þ15’
hyXymkw 6-- þ15 $ 4(þþ) 25
an\näv
P\\w C´y³ kabw; 1þ36 F.Fw.
P\\w {]mtZinIkabw 1þ36 þþ 0þ25
= 1 aWn 11 an\näv = 25 a -11 an
ASp¯Xmbn A¶s¯ DZbs¯ {]mtZinIkabam¡Ww.
DZbw C´y³ kabw 6þ03 F.Fw.
DZbw {]mtZinIkabw (þþ) 0þ25 an\näv
 [154]

= 5 aWn 38 an\näv
25þ11 F{Xmas¯ tlmcbnemsW¶p Ip]nSn¡Ww.
P\\w {]mtZinIkabw 25þ11
DZbw {]mtZinIkabw (þþ) 5þ38
hyXymkw = 19--þ33
]s¯m¼Xp IgnªXn\m Ccp]Xmas¯ tlmc.
Ccp]Xmas¯ tlmc apIfnse ]«nI{]Imcw _p[tlmc.
AXpsImp tlmcm[n]³ _p[³.
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse tlmcm_ew:
kqcy³ N{{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³ i\n
0 0 0 60 0 0 0
6 (8) Ab\_ew
1. D¯cmbWhpw Z£nWmb\hpw
(1) taSw þ anYp\w: taSamkw H¶mwXnbXn taSw cminbntebv¡p
{]thin¡pt¼mÄ kqcy³ \ap¡p t\sc ap¼n (0T=tajhnjphw) Bbncn¡pw. ]
n¶oSv Znhkw Hcp Un{KnhoXw hSt¡m«p \o§n taSw, CShw,
anYp\w cminIÄ ]n¶n«vv A§p hSt¡ Aä¯v(90T)F¯p¶p,
(2) I¡SIw þ I¶n: IÀ¡Samkw H¶mwXnbXn sXt¡m«pÅ aS¡w
Bcw`n¡pw. IÀ¡SIw, Nn§w, I¶n cminIÄ ]n¶n«vv, Xpemw
H¶mwXnbXn kqcy³ hopw \ap¡p t\sc ap¼n (180T =
Xpemhnjphw) F¯p¶p.
(3) Xpemw þ [\p: sXt¡m«pÅ bm{X XpScp¶ kqcy³ Xpemw,
hrÝnIw, [\p cminIÄ ]n¶n«vv, [\pamkw Ahkm\w sXt¡ Aä¯v (270T)
F¯p¶p.
(4)aIcw þ ao\w:aIcw H¶mwXnbXn hopw hSt¡m«pÅ bm{X
Bcw`n¡p¶p. ao\w Ahkm\w / taSw H¶n\v hopw \ap¡p ap¼n (0T =
tajhnjphw) F¯p¶p കിഴക്ക്

0T / 360T
1þtaSw 12þao\w
T
(0 þ30 )- T (330þ360 T )
2þCShw 11þIpw`w
T
(30 þ60 ) T (300þ330T)
3þanYp\w 10þaIcw
 [155]

(60T þ90T) (270þ300T)

90ThS¡v sX¡v 270T
4þIÀ¡Sw 9þ[\p
T T
(240 þ270 ) (90Tþ120T)
5þNn§w 8þhrÝnIw
(120 þ150 ) (210Tþþ240T)
T T
6þI¶n 7þXpemw
(150T þ180T)(180-þ210 T)
180T
പ Sn ഞ്ഞാറ്

kqcysâ hSt¡m«pw (aIcw þ anYp\w) sXt¡m«pw (IÀ¡SIw [\pDÅ Cu

bm{XIsfbmWv D¯cmbWw F¶pw Z£nWmb\w F¶pw ]dbp ¶Xv. Cu
D¯cmbWhpw Z£nWmb\hpw FÃm {Kl§Ä¡papv.. F¶m Ab\ _e
¯n\p t\m¡p¶Xv {Klw a²ytcJbv¡p hSt¡m sXt¡m F¶XmWv AYhm
Hmtcm {Kl¯nsâbpw {Im´n (North Declination / South Declination) BWv.

6(8)Ab\_ew
a²ytcJbnÂ\n¶pw hSt¡mt«m sXt¡mt«m AIepw tXmdpw
{Kl§fpsS Ab\_ew IqSpItbm IpdbpItbm sN¿p¶p. {Kl§Ä¡v
a²ytcJbn (0T/180T) 30 jjvSywiamWv Ab\_ew. {Kl§fpsS ]
camh[n Ab\w ({Im´n) 24 Un{Knbpw 24Tþ¡p In«p¶ Ab\_ew 60
jjvSywihpw BWv. CSbv¡pÅXv B\p]mXnIambn (ss{XcminIw
sNbvXp) ImWWw. a²y tcJbv¡p hS¡pÅ KXnbn kqcy³, IpP³,
hymgw, ip{I³ F¶o {Kl§Ä¡v Ab\_ew hÀ²n¡p¶p. `qa²ytcJbv¡p
sXt¡m«pÅ KXnbn CXp Ipdªp Ipdªp Xosc CãmXmIp¶p. kqcy³,
IpP³, hymgw, ip{I³ F¶o {Kl§fpsS D¯c{Im´n 24T tbmSv Iq«Ww.
Z£nW{Im´n BsW¦n 24TbnÂ\n¶pw Ipdbv¡Ww. `qa²ytcJbv¡p
sX¡pÅ KXnbn i\n, N{µ³ F¶o {Kl§Ä¡mWv Ab\_ew In«pI. hS¡pÅ
KXnbn ChcpsS _ew B\p]mXnIambn IpdbpIbpw sN¿p¶p .
(N{µ\pw i\n¡pw Z£nW{Im´n 24TtbmSp Iq«Ww; D¯c{Im´n
Ipdbv¡Ww.) _p[³ hS¡p `mK¯mbmepw sX¡p `mK¯mbmepw
24TþtbmSp Iq«Ww. (_p[\v IqSpIam{Xta DÅq; IpdbenÃ.) kqcy\v
Ab\_ew Cc«nbmWv.
 [156]

kmb\kv^pS§fpw kmb\ØnXnbpw
{Kl§fpsS Ab\_ew IW¡m¡p¶Xv kmb\ {Klkv^pS §fnemWv;
PmXI§fn sImSp¡p¶Xv \ncb\ kv^pS§fpw. AxpsImv.Ab\_ew
ImWp¶Xnsâ BZy]Snbmbn PmXI¯nse \ncb\ {Klkv^pS §sf kmb\
am¡n amäWw. (amkw H¶mwXnbXnIfnse Ab\mwiw ]©mwK
§fnepw Fs^sadnkpIfnepw sImSp¯ncn¡pw.)

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse {Klkv^pSw (\ncb\hpw kmb\hpw)

{Klw kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³_p[³ hymgw ip{I³i\n
T T T T T
\ncb\w 55 þ31’ 50 þ49’ 5 þ42’ 48 þ00’ 145 þ26’ 10 þ46’ 77Tþ51’
T
(+) Ab\mwiw 23Tþ5’
(=)kmb\w 78Tþ36’ 73Tþ54 ’28T-47’ 71Tþ5 ’168Tþ31’ 33T51’
100T56’
(Zimwi¯nÂ) 78.60T 73.90T 28.78T 71..10T 168.53T 33.85T 100.93T

tPymXnÈmkv{X{]Imcw tajhnjphw (Vernal Equinox)

hcp¶Xv amÀ¨v 21þ\mWv. F¶m \½Ä CXv (hnjp) BtLmjn¡p¶Xv
G{]n 14þ\pw. Ccp]¯n\mep Znhks¯ Cu hyXymk¯n\p ImcWw
Ab\mwiamWv. tPymXnÈmkv{XIW¡pIÄ (Astronomy) kmb\w
AYhm Ab\mwiw tNÀ¶Xpw, `mcXob tPymXnj IW¡pIÄ (Indian
Astrology) \ncb\w AYhm Ab\mwiw tNcm¯hbpw BWv.

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse kmb\{Kl§fpsS Ab\ØnXn

hS¡v sX¡v
3 2 1 12 11 10
60Tþ90T 30T þ60T 0T þ30T 330þ360 T 300þ330 270þ300T
c 78.60 … Ip 28T.78’ … … …
N 73.90 ip 33.85 þþ
_p 71..10T þþ þþ
þþ
4 5 6 7 8 9
T
90 þ120 T 120T þ150T 150 Tþ180 180-þ210 T
210þþ240 240þ270
a 100.93 T þKp 168.53T þ
þ þ
 [157]

Cu PmXI¯n kmb\kv^pS{]Imcw FÃm {Kl§fpw cminaÞe¯nsâ

hS¡p`mK¯mWv.
----
4. {Kl§fpsS {Im´n (Declination)
{Kl§Ä X§fpsS {`aW¯n\nSbv¡v Ipd¨p\mÄ a²ytcJbv¡p hS¡pw
Ipd¨p\mÄ a²ytcJbv¡p sX¡pambncn¡pw. Cu hyXnNe\ s¯ bmWv {Im
´n F¶p ]dbp¶Xv.
360ThymkapÅ JtKmfhr¯s¯ KWnX kuIcy¯n\p thn 90T
hoXapÅ \mep `pP§fmbn Xncn¨n«pv. {Kl§fpsS kmb\ kv^pS§Ä
GXp `pP¯nemWv hcp¶sX¶p t\m¡n bmWv AhbpsS {Im´n \nÝbn
¡p¶Xv.
`pPw ]cn[n {Im´n ImWp¶ hn[w
1. 0Tþþ 90T {Klkv^pSw þþ 0T
2. 90Tþþ180T 180T þþ {Klkv^pSw
3. 180Tþ270T {Klkv^pSw þþ 180T
4. 270Tþ360T 360T þþ {Klkv^pSw

DZmlcWPmXI¯n {Kl§fpsS {Im´n:

{Klw kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³ i\n
kv^pSw78.60 73.90 28.78 71.10 168.53T
T T T T 33.85T 100.93T
`pPw 1 1 1 1 2 1 2
T T T T
{Im´n 78.60 73.90 28.78 71.10 *11.47 T 33.85T *79.07T
*Cu PmXI¯n hymg¯n\pw i\n¡pw am{Xta amäw
hcp¶pÅp. (Kp þ 180 þþ 168.53 = 11.47. a þ 180 þþ 100.95 =
79.05)

`pP¯nsâ 6 `mK§fpw AhbpsS {Im´nbpw

90T hoXapÅ `pP§sf 15T hoXapÅ 6 `mK§fmbn Xncn¨v Hmtcm
`mK¯nepw hcp¶ Ab\w ({Im´n) {]tXyIw IW¡m¡nbn«p v. (0Tþbv¡v
Ab\Ne\anÃ)
.
`pP¯nsâ
`mKw 1 2 3 4 5 6
 [158]

]cn[n 1Tþ15T 15Tþ30T 30Tþ45T

45Tþ60T 60Tþ75T 75Tþ90T
{Im´n (IebnÂ) 362’ 341’ 299’ 236’ 150’ 52’
BsI þþ 703’ 1002’ 1238’ 1388’ 1440’

kqcysâ hSt¡m«pw (aIcw þ anYp\w) sXt¡m«pw (IÀ¡SIw þ [\p) DÅ

Cu bm{XIsfbmWv D¯cmbWw F¶pw Z£nWmb\w F¶pw ]dbp¶Xv.
Cu D¯cmbWhpw Z£nWm b\hpw FÃm {Kl§Ä ¡papv. F¶m Ab\
_e¯n\p t\m¡p¶Xv {Klw a²ytcJbv¡p hSt¡m sXt¡m F¶XmWv AYhm
Hmtcm {Kl¯nsâbpw {Im´n (North Declination / South Declination) BWv.

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse `pP-{Im´n
{Klw kqcy³N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³hymgw ip{I³i\n
{Im´n 78.60T 73.90T 28.78T 71.10T 11.47T 33.85T 79.07T
`mKw1 (1þ15) 362’ 362’ 362’ 362’ 276.80’
362’ 362’
`mKw2 (15þ30 )341’ 341’ *313.72 341’ þ341’
341’
`mKw3 (30þ45) 299’ 299’ -299’ þ
77.14’ 299’
`mKw4 (45þ60) 236’ 236’ -þ236’
- 236’
`mKw5 (60þ75) 150’ *139.2 þ*111 þ
150’
`mKw6 (75þ90) 12.54’ þ þ
15.60
BsI(Ie) 1400.54’ 1377.2 675.72 1349 276.80 780.14
1403.60
(`mK) 23.34T 22.95T 11.26T 22.48T 4.61T 13T 23.39T
52x3.60 150x13.90 341x13.78 150x11.10 362x11.47 299x 3.6552x4.07
15 15 15 15 15 15 15

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse Ab\_ew
{Klw kqcy³N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³
i\n
 [159]

Un{Knbn 23.34T 22.95T 11.26 22.48 4.61 13

23.39
{Im´n (+ / --þþ) +24T þþ24 +24T +24T +24T +24T
þþ24
BsI 47.34T 1.05 35.26 46.48 28.61 37
0.61
Ab\_ew ($ 5/4)59.175 1.31 44.08 58.10 35.76 46.25 0.76
*kqcy\v Cc«n 118.35

6 (9) bp²_ew

kmam\y\nbaw
tajmZn hnt£]apÅ {Klw hS¡p \n¡pw. XpemZnhnt£] apÅh³
sX¡pw. cp hnt£]hpw tajmZn bmsW¦n hnt£] tadnbh³
hS¡mbncn¡pw. cpw XpemZn bmsW¦n hnt£]w Ipdªh\mWv hS¡v.
hS¡p \n¡p¶ h\mWv Pbn¡p¶mXv. ip{I³ FhnsS \n¶mepw Pbn¡pw.

kq£vaKWnXw.
1.cp {Kl§fpsS tcJmwi§Ä ({Klkv^pS§Ä) X½nepÅ AIew Hcp
Un{Knbn Ipdbpt¼mfpÅ AhØ sbbmWv {Klbp²w F¶p ]dbp¶Xv.
2.kqcy\pw N{µ\pw {Klbp²¯n hcp¶nÃ; Xmcm {Kl§Ä (Ip, _p, Kp,
ip, a) X½nemWv {Klbp²w kw`hn¡pI.
3. KWnXcoXn: bp²¯nepÅ cp {Kl§fpsSbpw hnhn[ _e§Ä, AXmbXv,
\tXm¶X_ew, ]£_ew, {Xn`mK_ew, hÀj_ew, amk _ew, Znhk_ew,
tlmcm_ew F¶o Ime_e§tfmSpIqSn C\n ]dbm³ t]mIp¶ Øm\_ew,
ZnIv_ew F¶nh IqSn Iq«Ww. Ahbn IqSpX DÅXn \n¶pw
IpdhpÅXp Ipdbv¡Ww. At¸mÄ In«p¶ kwJysb _nw_]cnamW
hyXymkw sImp lcn¡Ww. _nw_ ]cnamW§Ä (IebnÂ):
IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n
9.4” 6.6” 190.4” 16.6” 158”
BZyw ]dª kwJybn \n¶pw cmaXp ]dª kwJy Ipdbv¡p t¼mÄ
In«p¶XmWvbp²_ew. bq²¯n Pbn¨ {Kl¯nsâ Ime_et¯mSv CXp
Iq«Ww; bp²¯n tXmä {Kl¯nsâ Ime_e¯n \n¶v A{Xbpw Ipd
bv¡pIbpw thWw.
 [160]

\½psS DZmlcWPmXI¯n {Klbp²anÃm¯Xn\mÂ, ChnsS

DZmlcW¯n\mbn {Klbp²apÅ asämcp PmXIw FSp¡pIbmWv.
_p[³ hymgw
{Klkv^pSw 170.53 170.45
Øm\_ew 238.16 152.98
ZnIv_ew 31.97 31.99
\tXm¶X_ew 60.00 6.10
]£_ew 54.38 54.38
{Xn`mK_ew þþ 60.0
hÀj_ew þþ þ
amk_ew þþ
Znhk_ew þþ þþ
tlmcm_ew 60.00 þþ
BsI _ew 444.51 305.45 139.06
_nw_]cnamWw 6.6” 90.4” 183”.8
139.06 / 183.8 0.8 jjvSywiw
bp²_ew þþ 0.80 + 0.80
DZmlcWPmXI¯n {Kl§fpsS jUv_ew (Xn-cp¯p _m¡n)
{Klw kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgwip{I³ i\n
1.ss\kÀ¤nI 60.00 51.43 17.14 25.70 34.28 42.85 8.57
2. ZnKv 5.50 52.93 22.11 38.50 6.02 39.58
31.45
3.ZrIv 3.11 11.19 þ2.80 11.55 þ 47.86 þ2.80
þ0.32 
4.tNjvSm0 0 0 33.66 1.92 28.31 41.28 3.92
5.D¨ 44.83 54.06 37.43 21 43.19 55.41 19.
6.k]vXhÀ¤P 142.5 127.5 127.5 123.75 86.25 65.62 135
7.HmPbpKa 15 30 15 15 15 15 15
8. tI{µw 15 15 30 15 15 30 60
9.t{Z¡mW ,,, 15 15 15 … … 15
10.\tXm¶X 5.96 54.04 54.04 60 5.96 5.96 54.04
11.]£ 58.43 116.86 58.43 58.43 1.57 1.57 58.43
12.{Xn`mK þ þ þ þ 60 60 þ
13.hÀj þ þ 15
14.amk 30 þ
15.hmc þ þ 45
 [161]

{Klw kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgwip{I³ i\n

16.tlmcm 60 þ
17.Ab\ 118.35 1.31 44.08 58.10 35.76 46.25 0.76k
18.bp² 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
BsI
(jjvSywi¯nÂ) 498.68 529.3 451.59 518.95 283.48 400.72 446.13
cq]bn 8.31 8.82 7.53 8.65 4.72 6.68 7.44
an\nawthXv 5.00 6.00 5.00 7.00 6.50 5.50 5.00
A\p]mXw 1.66 1.47 1.51 1.24 0.73 1.21 1.49
DZmlcWPmXI¯n {Kl§fpsS _ew (cq] þ Zimwiw)
kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ hymgw ip{I³ i\n
1.66 1.47 1.51 1.24 0.73 1.21 1.49
10 ([\p), 1 (ao\w) Ch-bpsS A[n-]-Xn-bmb KpcphmWv
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse Gähpw _e-an-Ãm¯ {Klw. Kpcp ss\kÀ¤n-I-
ambn ip`-\m-sW-¦nepw ØnXn-sImv (BdnÂ) ZpÀº-e-\m-Wv.
ip`{Kl-Øn-sImv Bdv AÂ]w A\p-Iq-e-am-Im-sa-¦nepw Bdmw
`mhm-[n-]\pw (c) Bdn \nÄ¡p¶ {Klhpw (Kp-cp) F´p sN¿p-sa-¶-dn-
bm³ ChnsS ]dª jUv_ew t\m¡ntb ]äq.


A²mybw 5. þ IÀ½-mPo-h-{]-I-cWw
(hcpam\amÀ¤w, sXmgnÂ, Poht\m]mbw XpS§nbh)

(1)
AÀ°m]vXnw IY-tb-Zzn-e-á-i-int\mx
{]m_-eyXx tJNsscx
IÀ½ssØx ]nXr-amXrim{X-h-kp-lr-Zvþ
{`m-{Xm-Zn`nx kv{XoP-\mXv (1)

`rXymZzm Zn\-\m-Y-e-ái-in\mw
at²y _eo-bmw-kvXXx
IÀt½iØ \hmwicmin]himZvþ
hr¯nw PKp-kvX-ZznZx.
 [162]

]mTt`Zw (1) kv{Xo[-\mXv

[\mKaw Nn´nt¡ hn[w

hne-á i-int\m þ eáw,N{µ³ ChbnÂ
{]m_-eyX þ _ew A[nIw DÅXnsâ
IÀ½ssØx tJNssc þ ]¯nÂ\n¡p-¶ {Kls¯s¡mv
AÀ°m]vXnw IY-tb-Xv þ [\-e_v[nsb ]d-bWw.

[\mKaw Bcp hgn¡v ?

]nXr- amXr im{X-h ....- ]¯n \n¡p¶, [\hchn\p ImcWamIp¶ _Ôp
(_etadp¶) {Klw
kqcy-³ þ ]nXr þ Aѳ
N{µ-³ amXr þ A½
IpP-³ im{X-h i{Xp-¡Ä
_p[-³ - kp-lr-Zv þ kplr-¯p¡Ä
hymgw {`m{Xm-Zn`n ktlm-Z-c-·mcmÂ,
ip{I-³ kv{XoP-\mÂþ kv{XoI-fmÂ,
i\n- `rXymZzm the-¡mcmÂ.

sXmgnÂ
IÀt½iØ....
Zn\-\m-Y- e-á -i-in\mw at²y þ kqcy³, eáw, N{µ³ Ch-cnÂ,
_eo-bmw-kvXXx þ _e-ap-ÅXnsâ
IÀt½i þ ]¯mw `mhm-[n-]sâ
\hmwicmin]himXv þ \hmw-i-¯nsâ \mYs\s¡mv
hr¯nw PKp-x X-Zv hnZx þ hr-¯nsb (IÀ½-s¯) ]d-b-Ww.
kqcy³, eáw, N{µ³ Ch-cn _e-ap-ÅXnsâ ]¯mw`mhm-[n-]sâ \hmw-i-
¯nsâ \mYs\s¡mv IÀ½-s¯ ]d-b-Ww.

(2)
^e-{Zp-ssaÀa-{´-_-sse (1) Ý imTymÂ
ZypXm-\rssXx Iw_-f-t`-j-PmssZyx
 [163]

[mXp-{I-bmZzm £nXn-]m-e-]qtPym(2)
Poh-Xyku ]¦-P-h-Ã-`mw-ti.
]mT-t`-Zw þ (1) Pss]Ý. (2) ]qPymXv

]¯mw`mhm[nsâ \hmw-im-[n-]Xnþþ
]¦-P-h-Ã-`mw-ti – þ kqcy\mbncp¶mÂ
^e-{Zp-ssax þ ^e-hr-£-§Ä
a-{´-_-ssex þ a{´-§Ä
imTym þ imTyw
ZyqXmXv þ NqXp-Ifn
A-\rssX þ AkXyw
Iw_-f t`-j-P BssZy þ I¼nfn, acp¶v XpS-§n-bh
[mXp-{I-bmXv þ [mXp-hn¸\
£nXn-]m-e-]qP þ cmP-tkh
Poh-Xyku þ ChsImv Pohn¡pw.
þþ ]¯mw`mh¯nsâ \hmw-im-[n-]Xn kqcy-\m-bn-cp-¶mÂ
ta¸dªhbpambn _Ôs¸« sXmgnepIsfSp¯v Pohn¡pw.

]¯mw`mhm-[n-]sâ \hmw-im[n]³ kqcy\mbncp¶mÂ, kqcysâ

AhØ (A\pIqew/{]XnIqew, ^eZm\tijn ({Kl_ew, `mh_ew) A\pkcn¨v
NqXpIfnapXÂ cmPtkhhsc, hnhn[amb, \ÃXpw No¯bpamb,
IÀ½§ÄsImv Pohnt¡Xmbn hcpw F¶mWv ChnsS ]dbp¶Xv.
CXpt]mse aäp {Kl§fpsS ImcIXz§fpw kµÀ`w A\pkcn¨v Xmsg ]
dbpw{]Imcw HcmfpsS D]Poh\
amÀ¤ambnhcpw.CuamÀ¤tcJIÄsh¨v, kµÀ`m\pkcWw, Dulmt]ml
§Ä hgn, HcmfpsS sXmgnÂ, HcmÄ¡p tbmPn¨ sXmgnÂ, Is¯Ww.
(3)
Ptem-Û-hm\mw {Ib-hn-{I-tbW
Irjn-{In-bm-tKm-a-ln-jo-k-apss°x
XoÀ°m-S-\mZzm h\n-Xm-{i-bmZzm
\nim-I-cmwti hk-\-{I-bm-Zzm.

\nim-I-cmwtiþN{µ\m-bn-cp-¶mÂ
Ptem-Û-hm\mw {Ib-hn-{I-tbW þ
shÅ-¯nÂ\n¶p In«p-¶-hbpsS(ap¯v apXembhbpsS) hym]m-cw-
 [164]

Irjn-{In-bm þ Irjn
-tKm- a-ln-jo -k-apss°x þ ]ip, Fcpa- F¶n-h
XoÀ°m-S-\mXv þ XoÀ°m-S-\w
h\n-Xm-{i-bmXv þ kv{XoIsf B{i-bn¨v
hk-\-{I-bm-Xv þ hkv{X-hym-]m-cw XpS§nbhsImv
Poh-Xyku þ Pohn¡pw. .

(4)
`uamw-itI [mXp-c-W-{]-lm-sscÀþ
½lm-\-kmZv `qan-h-imXv kphÀ®mXv
]tcm-]-Xm]mbp[-km-l-sskÀhm
t¾Ñm-{i-bmXv kqN-I-tNm-c-hr-Xym.

`uamw-itI þ IpP\m-bn-cp-¶mÂ
[mXp- þ [mXp{Zhy-§Ä
c-W-{]-lm-sscx þ bp²w, _e-{]-tbmKw apX-em-b-h-
alm-\-kmXv þ ASp-¡-f-¸-Wn-
`qan-h-imXv þ `qan- / `qanbnÂ\n¶papÅ hcpam\w
kphÀ®mXv þ kzÀ®w
]tcm-]-Xm]w þ aäp-Å-hsc t{Zmln¨v
Bbp-[km-l-sskx þ Bbp-[w, kmlkw
t¾Ñm-{i-bm þ t¾Ñ·msc B{i-bn¨v
kqN-I-tNm-c-hr-Xym þ Nmc-{]-hr-¯n, Ifhv Ch-sImv
Pohn¡pw..

(5)
Imhym-K-ssaÀteJ-\(1)-en-]yp-]m-ssbÀþ
tPymXnÀK-W-Úm-\-h-im-Zv _p-[mwti
]cmÀ°-th-Zm-²y-b-\m-Ö-]m¨
]ptcm-ln-X-hym-P-h-imXv {]hr-¯nx.
]mT-t`Zw þ teJI

_p-[mwti þ _p[\m-bn-cp-¶mÂ
Imhym-K-ssa þ Imhyw, B-K-aw
teJ-\ en-]n D-]m-ssbx þ Fgp-¯p]Wn, en]n
D]tbmKn¨pÅ aäp tPmenIÄ
 [165]

tPymXnÀK-W-Úm-\-h-im-Xv þ tPymXn-jÚm\w
]c AÀ°w- þ A\y-cpsS [\w
th-Zm-²y-b-\mXv th-Zm-²y-b-\w
P-]mXv N P]w
]ptcm-ln-X-hym-P-h-im hym-P]ptcm-ln-
X--\mbn«v
{]hr-¯nx þ Cu {]hÀ¯n-IÄsImv Pohn¡pw..

(6)
Pohmw-itI `qkp-c-tZ-h-Xm\mw
kam-{i-bmZvv `qan-]-Xn-{]-km-ZmXv
]pcm-W-im-kv{Xm-K-a-\o-Xn-amÀ¤mþ
²Àt½m-]-tZ-ti\ Ipko-Zhr-¯ym.
Pohmw-itI þ hymgam-bn-cp-¶mÂ
`qkp-c-tZ-h-Xm\mw kam-{i-bm þ
{_mÒ-W-scbpw tZh-·m-scbpw B{i-bn¨v
`qan-]-Xn-{]-km-Zm þ cmP{]kmZw
]pcm-W-im-kv{XB-K-a-\o-Xn-amÀ¤mXv þ]pcm-Ww-, im-kv{Xw,
B-K-aw,
-\o-Xn-amÀ¤w
[Àt½m-]-tZ-ti\ [Àt½m-]-tZ-iwsImv
Ipko-Zhr-¯ym ]Ww ]en-ibv¡p sImSp¡Â
þþþChIÄsImv Pohn¡pw.
(7)
kv{Xokw-{i-bmZv tKm(1)a-ln-jo-K-Pm-izþ
kvXucy-{Xn-ssIÀhm -c-P-ssXÝ KssÔx
£ncm-Zy-e¦mc-]-So-]-SmssZyx
ip{Imw-isIf amXy-KpssWx Ihn-XzmÂ
]mT-t`Zw þ tKm CÃ.

ip{Imw-isI þ ip{I-\m-bn-cp-¶mÂ
kv{Xokw-{i-bmXv þ kv{XoIsf B{i-bn¨v
tKm a-ln-jo- K-Pw Aizw þ ]ip,Fcp-a, B\,Ip-Xnc
Xucy-{Xn-ssIx - Km\-\r-¯-hm-Zy-§Ä
c-P-ssXx shÅn,
KssÔ Nµ\w, kpK-Ô-{Z-hy-§Ä
 [166]

£ncm-Zn ]m XpS-§n-bh

Aew-Im-c -]-So-]-SmssZyx hkv{Xm-Zn Ae¦m-c§Ä
AamXy-KpssWx þ Hcp a{´n¡p thXmb KpW§Ä
Ihn-Xzm Ihn-Xzw
ChsImv Pohn¡pw.

(8)
i\yw-itI aqe-^ssex {itaW
t{]ssjyx JsseÀ\o-N-[ss\x Ip[mss\yx
`mtcm-Zz-lmXv IpÕn-X-am-À-K-hr¯ym
in¸m-Zn-`nÀZm-cp-a-ssbÀh-[mssZyx

i\yw-itI þ i\nbm-bn-cp-¶mÂ
aqe-^ssex þ Ing§p-Ifpw ^e-§fpw
{itaW þ ITn\m²zm\w
t{]ssjyx þ Zmky-{]-hÀ¯n
Jssex \o-N[ss\ þ Zp-jvS-·m-cpsSbpw \oN-·m-cp-sSbpw [\w
Ip[mss\yx þ No¯ [m\yw
`mtcm-Zz-lmXv þ `mcw hln¨pw
IpÕn-X-am-À-K-hr¯ym þ ZpÀamÀ¤-§Ä D]-tbm-Kn¨pw
in¸m-Zn-`n Zm-cp-a-ssbþ ac-wsImpÅ in¸-§-Ä apX-em-b-h-
h-[mssZy þ h[-w apX-em-b-h (ChsImp Pohn¡pw.)

(9)
Awtiti _e-h-Xy--b-Xv\-[-\-kwþ
{]m]vXnw _-tem-t\wf - it]
kz¸w t{]mà-^ew `th-Zp-`-bXx
IÀ½À£-tZti ^ew
Awi-tkym-àZniw htZXv ]Xn-bptX
ZrjvtS kztZti ^ew
kXyss\yx ]c-tZiPw XZ-[n]þ
kymwti- kz-tZti Øntc.

Awtiti _e-h-Xn- Ab-Xv\-[-\-kw{]m]vXnx þ Awi-Im-[n-]\v _e-ap-s-

¦n bXv\-an-ÃmsXXs¶ [\-{]m]vXn Dm-Ipw.
 [167]

Aiwt] _-tem-t\ kz¸w t{]mà-^ew þ

Awi-Im-[n-]\v _e-anÃm-Xn-cp-¶m ]dª ^ew kz¸-ambn-cn-¡pw,
`th-Zp-`-bX ^ew þ cp-{]-Im-c-¯n-em-bn-cp-¶mepw ^e{]m]vXn
IÀ½À£-tZti, Awi-tkym-à Zniw htZXv þ ]¯mw`mhm-[n-]sâtbm
Awi-\m-Ysâtbm tZi¯nembncn¡pw DmhpI
]XnbptX ZrjvtS kztZti ^ew þ Awim-[n-]Xn B Awi¯n Ccn-¡p-Itbm
AXn-tebv¡p t\m¡p-Itbm sNbvXm kztZ-i-¯n ^e-ap-mIpw.
Ass\yx ]c-tZiPw þ A\y-{K-l-§Ä Ccn-¡p-Itbm t\m¡p-Itbm
sNbvXm ]c-tZ-i-¯n Bbn-cn¡pw ^ew.
XZ[n]ky Awti- kz-tZti Øntc þ ]¯mw`mhm[n]sâ AwiIw Ønc-cm-in-
bn Bbn-cp-¶mepw kztZ-i-¯n ^e-ap-m-Ipw.

]¯n \n¡p¶ {Klw, ]¯mw`mhm-[n-]sâ \hmw-i-\mY³ F¶o

{Kl§Ä kqNn¸n¡mhp¶ [\mKaamÀ¤§fmWv apIfn ]dªXv. ^e-Zo-]nI
Fgp-X-s¸-«n«p \qäm-p-IÄ ]eXp Ign-ªp. Cu Ime-b-f-hn-\p-ÅnÂ
Imcy-§fpw Hcp-]mSp amdn. sXmgn-ensâ Imcyw-Xs¶ FSp-¡q.
F{X-am{Xw hn]p-ehpw sshhn-²yhp-amÀ¶ cwK-amWv AXn¶v.
sF.-Sn.-ta-J-e-bnÂXs¶ hyXy-kvX-amb AkwJyw sXmgn-ep-I-Ä
ImWmw. FÃmw ]¯mw-`m-hw-sh¨p Ip]nSn-¡-Ww. ]¯mw-`m-hw, ]
¯mw- `m-hm[n-]Xn, ]¯mw-`m-h-¯nsâ Imc-I-{K-l-§Ä, ]¯n \n¡p¶
{Kl-§Ä, ]¯n-tebv¡p t\m¡p¶ {Kl-§Ä, ]¯mw-`m-hm-[n-]³ \n¡p¶
\hmw-iw, eáw þ eám-[n-]³ þ N{µ³ Ch-cpsS kzm[o\w, ]¯ns\ eá-
ambn Nn´n-¨p-sIm-pÅ `mhm-ÛmhNn´,þC§s\ Nn´n¨p Nn´n¨v
Bgv¶n-d§n Cd§n t]mtInhcpw. ]¯mw `mh-¯nsâ am{X-a-Ã, FÃm
`mh-¯n-sâbpw Imcyw CXp-X-s¶-bm-Wv. \Ã _p²n-i-ànbpw Dulm-
t]m-l-]SpXzhpw CXn-\m-h-iy-am-Wv.

sXmgnepw hcp-am\hpw ]¯pw ]Xn--s\m¶pw `mh-§-fn-

emWp hcnI F¶p \mw ^e-Zo-]nI H¶mw A²ym-b-¯n ]Tn-¨XmWv.
AXv ChnsS H¶p-IqsS HmÀ½n-t¡-Xv Bh-iy-am-bn h¶n-cn-¡p-¶p.

]¯mw `mhw
 [168]

hym]m-cw, Bkv]Zw (Øm-\w), A`n-am-\w, IÀaw

(sXmgnÂ), Pbw (Im-cy-km-²yw), kÂt]-cv, bmKmZn IÀa-§Ä,
Poh\w (Po-hn-X-amÀ¤w), BImiw(]¯mw `mhw), BNm-cw, kXv{]-
hr-¯n, \S-¯w, B-Úm-i-àn.

]Xns\m¶mw `mhw
em`w, Bbw (h-c-hv), BK-a-\w, B]vXn (e-_v[n), kn²n (In-«Â), hn`-
hw (kn²n hn`-hm³ F¶pw), {]m]vXn, `hw, IoÀ¯n, tPyjvT-k-tlm-Z-c³,
CSXp sNhn, kmc-kyw, kt´mjw, BIÀ®-\w (tIÄ¡Â).

CXnÂ\n¶pw sXmgn AsÃ-¦n hcp-am-\-amÀ¤w ]¯mw

`mhw-sImpw AXnÂ\n-¶pÅ hcp-am\w AXnsâ [\`mh-amb (c-mw-
`m-h-am-b) ]Xn-s\m¶mw`mhw-sImpw Nn´n-¡-W-sa¶p hcp-¶p. Cu
A²ym-b-¯n ]d-bp¶ Imcy-§fpw Cu ASn-Øm-\-¯n¯s¶ thWw Nn
´n-¡m³. FÃm `mh-§Ä hgn-¡p-apÅ hc-hnsâ BI-¯pI ]Xn-s\m-¶nÂ
{]Xn-^-en-¡pw.

A²mybw 6 þ tbmK-§Ä

(1)
cpN-I-`-{Z-I-lw-k-I-am-fhmx
ki-iIm CXn ]© N IoÀ¯nXmx
kz`-h-t\m-¨-K-tXjp NXp-jvStb
£nXn-kp-Xm-Znjp Xm³ {Iatim htZ-Xv.

]©-a-lm-tbm-K-§Ä
kz`-h-\ D-¨- K-tXjp NXp-jvStb þ Hcp {Klw \n¡p-¶Xv
kzt£-{X -¯ntem D¨t£-{X-¯ntem Bhp-Ibpw B cmin tI{µ-Øm-\w (1-
þ4-þ7-þ10) Bhp-Ibpw sNbvXmÂ
cpN-I -`-{Z-I- lw-k-I -am-fhmx ki-iIm –
 [169]

cpNIw, `{ZIw, lwk-Iw, am-fhw, iiIw

CXn ]© þ F¶n-§s\ A©p alm-tbm-K-§Ä
£nXn-kp-Xm-Znjp þ IpP³ apXemb- A©p {Kl§Ä¡p,
{Iaix htZ-Xv þ {Ia-¯n ]d-bWw.
]©-a-lm-tbm-K-§Ä
{Klw tbmKw
1. IpP³ þ cpNIw
2. _p[³ þ `{ZIw
3. hymgw þ lwk-Iw
4 ip{I³ þ am-fhw
5. i\n þ iiIw
-
(2)
ZoÀLmtkym _lp-km-l-km-]vXn-hn-`hx iqtcm fcn-l´m _eo
KÀhnjvtSm cpNtI {]Xo-X-Kp-W-hm³ tk\m-]-XnÀPn-Xzcx
Bbp-jvam³ kIp-im-{K-_p-²n-c-atem hnZzÖ\ÇmLntXm
`qt]m `{Z-I-tbm-K-tPm-fXn-hn-`-h-ÝmØm\tImem-lex.

cpN-ItbmK-^ew
cpNtIþ cpN-ItbmK¯n P\n-¨-h³, -
ZoÀLmtkym þ ZoÀL-amb apJw,
_lp-km-l-k B]vXn- hn-`h þ
hfsc kml-kwsNbvXp t\Snb hn`h§fppÅ-h³,
iqtcm- þ iqc³,
Acn-l´m þ -i{Xp¡-sf- h[n¡p¶-h³,
_eo þ _e--hm³,
KÀhnjvtSm þ Al-¦mcn,
{]Xo-X-Kp-W-hm³ þ KpW-im-en,
tk\m-]-Xn þ tk\m-]-Xn,
Pn-Xzc þ Pbn-¡p-¶-h³.

cpNItbmKw IpPs\s¡mpÅ tbmKambXn\m IpPsâ ImcI

Xz§fn \ÃXmb KpW§fmWv Cu tbmKapÅhÀ¡p e`n¡pI. IpPsâ _ew
tbmK^e§tfbpw _m[n¡pw. AXmbXv, ]qÀ® _e aps¦nemWv ChnsS ]
dbp¶ ^e§Ä In«pI. cmPmhn\p cmPtbmKw hcpt¼mÄ In«p¶ sXmcp
cmPyamsW¦nÂ, ap¡ph\p cmPtbmKw hcpt¼mÄ In«p¶sXmcp apgp¯
 [170]

aÕyw am{Xambncn¡pw Fs¶mcp sNmÃptÃm. AXp{]Imcw kml

Ncy§Ä¡pw CXn sNdnbXÃm¯ Hcp ]¦pv. kmµÀ`nIambn ]dbs«,
cpN-I-tbm-K-ap-s-¦n sNmÆm-tZm-j-an-Ã. Øm\_eapÅ IpP³
^e¯n ip` \mIp¶Xp sImmWv CXv.

`-{Z-tbmK^ew
`{Z-I-tbm-K-tPm- þ `{Z--tbm-K¯n P\n-¨-h³,-
Bbp-jvam³ þ ZoÀLm-bp-Êp-Å-h³,
Ip-im-{K-_p-²n þ_p²nam³,
A-atem þ \nÀ½-e³,
hnZz-Ö\ÇmLntXm þ hnZzm-·mÀ {]iwkn¡p-¶-h³,
`qt]m þ cmPmhv,
AXn-hn-`-h- þ hfsc kz-¯p-Å-h³,
BØm\tImem-le þ cmPkZÊpIfn tImemlew

(3)
lwtk kZv`n-c-`n-jvSpXx £nXn-]-Xn-x iw-Jm_vPaÕym-¦pssi
ÝnssÓx ]mZ-I-cm-¦n-Xx -ip-`-h-]pÀar-jvSm-¶-`pKv[mÀ½nIx
]pjvSmwtKm [rXn-am³ [\o kpX-h[q`mKym-\zntXm hÀ²t\m
amfthy kpJ-`pIv kphm-l-\-bim hnZzm³ {]k-t¶-{µn-bx.

lwktbmK^ew
lwtk - þ lwk-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³,
kZv`n-x A-`n-jvSpXxþ k¯p-¡-fm kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-h³,
£nXn-]-Xn- þ cmPmh,v
iw-JA_vP aÕy A¦pssi NnssÓx þiwJv, Xmac, aÕyw, A¦piw,
B\t¯m«n) XpS-§nb kmap{ZnINnÓ-§Ä
]mZ- I-c A-¦n-X- þ ssIImepIfn AS-bm-f-ambn«p-Åh³,
ip-`-h-]p - kpµc³,
ar-jvSm-¶-`pIv - `-£WkpJapÅh³,
[mÀ½nI þ [À½njvT³.

amf-hy-tbm-K-^ew
amfthym - amf-h-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³.
]pjvSmwtKm þ ]pjvSn-bpÅ icoct¯mSp IqSnbh³.
[rXn-a³, þ _p²nam³, a\ssØcyapÅh³.
 [171]

[\o þ [\-hm³,
kpXh[q`mKym-\zntXmþ a¡Ä, `mcy, `mKyw Ch-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³.
hÀ²t\m þ ta¤Xn-bp-Å-h³.
kpJ-`pIv þ kpJ§f\p`hn¡p¶h³.
kphm-l-\ - þ \Ã hml\w,
bikzn,
hnZzm³ þ ]WvUn-X³,
{]kt¶-{µn-bx þ {]k-¶-amb C{µn-b-§-tfm-Sp Iq-Sn-b-h³.

(4)
ikvXx -kÀhPss\-x kp-`rXy _e-hm³ {Kmam-[nt]m hm \rt]m
ZpÀhr-¯-x ii-tbm-KtPm f\y-h-\nXm hn¯m-\znXx kuJy-hm³
etá-tµzm-c]n tbmK-]-©-I-anZw km{am-Py-kn-²n-{]Zw
tXtjz-Im-Znjp `mKy-hm³ \r]-ktam cmPm \rt]-{µm-f[n-Ix.
ii-tbm-K^ew
ii-tbm-KP þ ii-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³,
kÀhPss\ ikvX - kÀh-P-\-§-fmepw{]iw-kn-¡-s¸-Sp¶h³,
kp-`rXy þ \Ã `rXycpÅ-h³,
_ehm³ þ ià³,
{Kmam-[nt]m hm \rt]m þ {Kmam-[n-]³ AsænÂ- cmPmhv,
ZpÀhr-¯- þ Zpjv{]-hr-¯n-IÄ sN¿p-¶-h³,
A\y-h-\nXm hn¯m-\znXxþ ]ckv{Xo, ]c[\w Ch-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-bh³,
kuJy-hm³ þ kpJt¯mSpIqSnbh³.

eámepw N{µmepw
et-tµm-c]n tbmK-]-©-I-anZw km{am-Py-kn-²n-{]Zwþ eámtem
N{µmtem Cu A©p tbmK-§fpw DÅh\v km{am-Pyw-Xs¶ e`n-¡pw.-
(N{IhÀ¯nbmIpw.)
1. Hcp tbmKwam{Xap-Å-h³þ `mKy-hm³
2. cp tbmK-§-fp-Å-h³ þ \r]-ka (cmPm-hn\p Xpey³)
3. aq¶p tbmK-§Ä Ds-¦n cmPm - cmPmhv
4. \mep tbmK-§Äþ \rt]-{µm-[n-I (cmP-{]-ap-J³)

ChnsS Hcp Imcyw- hyà-am-¡m-\p-v. Cu tbmK-§Ä t]cp

kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mse almtbmK-§ÄX-s¶-bm-Wv. F¶m {Kl-§-
fpsS Imc-I-Xz-a-\p-k-cn-¨pÅ ^e-§Äam{X-amWv ChnsS ]dªn-«p-Å-
 [172]

Xv. `mhm-[n-]Xyw, Iq«p-sI-«p-IÄ, an-{Xp--i{Xp_Ô-§Ä, {Kl-_ew

XpS-§n-b Hcp-]mSp Imcy-§Ä A\p-k-cn-¨v, AXmXp {Kl-§-Ä¡p
kzm[o\w hcp¶ ka-b-¯m-bn-cn¡pw, ^ew A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-I. Nnet¸mÄ
NneÀ¡v Nne {Kl§fpsS Zi AhcpsS BbpÊnsâ ]cn[nbn hcnsöpw
hcmw. XZzmcm B tbmK¯nsâ ^e§fpw A\p`h ¯n hcmsX t]mIpw.
AXmbXv, tbmK^e§Ä ]dbpt¼mÄ _Ôs¸« {Kl¯nsâ ^eZm\tijnbpw
^ew A\p`hs¸Smhp¶ kabhpw IqSn ]cn KWnt¡XpvF¶m KPtIkcn,
tIa{Zpa XpS§nb Nne tbmK§Ä PmXI§sf s]mXphmbn
_m[n¡p¶Xmbpw ImWp¶p.

N{µm-epÅ -tbm-K-§Ä
(5)
hnt[mkvXp kp\-`m-\`m[pcp-[pcmx kzcn-xt^m-`-bþ
kvYnssXÀhnc-hn-`nÀ{K-ssl-cn-X-c-YmXp tIa-{Zpax
lna-Xznjn NXp-jvStb {Kl-bp-tX f Y tIa-{Zptam
\loXn IYn-tXm- f Yhm lna-I-cmZv{Ksslx tI{µ-ssKx.

kp\-`, A-\`, [pcp-[pc, tIa-{Zp-a,

tIa-{Zp-am-tbm-K`wKw.
hnt[mkvXp kp\-` A-\`m [pcp[pcm...
kqcys\mgn¨pÅh þ Xmcm{Kl-§Ä (Ip, _p, Kp, ip, a)
1. kz þ N{µsâ c-n \n¶m kp\-`mtbmKw,
2. cn-x^ þ ]{´-n \n¶m A\-`m-tbmKw,
3. D`b þ cnepw ]{´-nepw \n¶m [pcp-[p-cm-
tbmKCu `mh§fnse (2þ12) {KlkvYnXn
A\pkcn¨v Cu tbmK§Ä ]e Xc¯n hcp¶p. AXmbXv, kp\`m,
A\`mtbmK§Ä 31 hoXw. [pcp[pcm 180.(tlmcm imkv{Xw : 13þ4)
4. hnc-hn-`nÀ{K-ssl-cn-X-c-YmXp tIa{Zpa - - N{µsâ ]{´-ntem
cntem Xmcm{Kl§Ä- Bcpansæn tIa-{Zp-am-tbm-Kw.
5. lna-Xznjn NXp-jvStb {Kl-bp-tXY tIa-{Zptam \ln CXnþ
N{µ³ eám tI{µ-¯n G-sX-¦nepw Xmcm{Kl¯nâ-
IqsS \n¶m tIa-{Zp-am-tbm-Kw ^en¡nÃ.
IYn-tXmYhm lna-I-cmZv {Ksslx tI{µ-ssKx þ N{µsâ tI{µ-¯nÂ
GsX-¦nepw Xmcm-{K-l-w \n¶mepw tIa-{Zp-am-tbm-K`wKamIpw.
tbmK-`wKw sh«n-s\mcp XSth BIp-¶p-Åq. sh«v CÃm-Xm-Ip-¶n-Ã
 [173]

F¶mWv A\p`hw. tIa-{Zp-a-tbm-K-¡mÀ, `wKaps¦nepw, Pohn-X-

¯n Imepd¸nbv¡m³ ka-b-sa-Sp-¡pw. AXp-t]me hnhm-lhpw A¸w
sshIp¶-Xm-bmWv ImWp-¶-Xv.

(6)
kzb-a-[n-K-X-hn¯x ]mÀ°n-h-kvX-Õtam hm
`hXn ln kp\-`bmw [o[-\-Jym-Xn-amwÝ
{]`p-c-K-Z-ico-c-x io-e-hm³ JymX-IoÀ¯nÀþ
hnj-b-kp-J-kp-thtjm \nÀhr-XoÝm-\-`m-bmw.
(tlmcmimkv{Xw 13þ5)

kp\-`m-tbm-K-^ew
kp\-`mbmwþ kp\-`m-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³,
kzb-a-[n-K-X-hn¯ þ kzbw k¼mZn¨ [\t¯mSpIq-Sn-h³,
]mÀ°n-h hm XÕtaþ cmPmhv AsÃ-¦n AXn\p Xpey³,
[o[\þ _p²n, [\w,
JymXamwÝ þ {]i-kvX³.
A\-`m-tbm-K-^ew
A-\-`m-bmw þ A\-`m-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³,
{]`p- þ {]`p,
AK-Z-ico-c- þ tcmKan-Ãm¯ icocw,
io-e-hm³ þ kÕz`mhn,
JymX-IoÀ¯n þ {]i-kvX³,
hnj-b-kp-Jþ kpJ-t`m-K-§Ä A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h³,
kp-thtjmþ \Ã thjw [cn-¡p-¶-h³,
\nÀhr-Xxþ k´pjvS³.

(7)
DXv]-¶-t`m-K-kp-J-`mKv[-\-hm-l-\m-Vyþ
kvXymKm-\zntXm [pcp-[pcm{]-`-h-x k`rXyx
tIa-{Zpta aen-\-Zpx-Jn-X-\o-N-\n-kzx
t{]jyx JeÝ \r]-tX-c]n hwi-Pm-Xx. (tlmcmimkv{Xw 13þ6)
]mTt`Zw : DXv]-¶-tbm-K-kp-J-`p-K.v

[pcp-[p-cmtbm-K-^ew
[pcp-[p-c-{]-`-h- þ [pcp-[p-cmtbmK-¯n P\n-¨-h³,
 [174]

DXv]-¶-t`m-K- kp-J-`mIvþ Bin¨ kpJt`mK§Ä e`n¡p¶h³,

[-\-hm-l-\m-Vyþ [\hpw hml-\hpw DÅ-h³,
XymKm-\zntXm þ XymK-io-e³,
k-`rXy þ (tkhn¡m³) `rXy-cp-Å-h³.

N{µ-s\s¡m-pÅ kp-\-`m, A\`m, [pcp-[pcmtbmK-§Ä t]mse-¯-

s¶, kqcy-s\-s¡m-pÅ thkn, hmkn, D`-bN-co tbmK-§Ä, eá-s¯-s¡m-pÅ
IÀ¯-co-tbm-K-§Ä F¶-nh-bpsS ^ew ]d-bp-t¼mÄ ]{´-nepw c-
nepw \n¡p¶ {Kl-§-fpsS kz`m-hhpw _e-hpw-IqSn ]cnKWn¡Ww.

tIa-{Zp-amtbmK-^ew
tIa-{Zpta þ tIa-{Zp-am-tbm-K-apÅh³,
\r]-tX-c]n hwi-Pm-Xþ cmP-hw-i-¯n P\n-¨-h-\m-bmepw,
aen-\ þ hr¯n-sI-«-h³,
Zpx-Jn-X - Zpx-Jn-X³,-
\o-N þ \oN³,
\n-kz þ Zcn-{Z³,
t{]jy þ Zmk³,
Je þ ZpjvS³,.

kqcy-s\- B{i-bn¨pÅ tbmK-§Ä

(8)
lntXzµpw ip`thknhmkyp`bNþ
cymJymkzcn-t^m-`bþ
Øm\-ssØ-x- khn-Xpx- ipss`x kypc-ip-ss`þ
kvtX ]m]-kwÚmx kvarXmx
kXv]mÀtiz ip`IÀXcoXyp`bt`
]mss]kvXp ]m]mlztbm
eámZzn¯KssXx ipss`kvXp kpipt`m
tbmtKm \ ]mt]£nssXx.

ip`th-kn, -ip`hm-kn,- D`bNcotbmK§Ä

Aip`th-kn, -Aip`hm-kn, Aip`D`bNcotbmK§Ä,
 [175]

lntXzµpw þ N{µ-s\m-gn¨pÅ,
ipss` þ ip`--·mÀ(_p,Kp,ip),
k-hn-Xp kqcysâ
kz cn-x^ D`b Øm\-ssØ-þ (1) cv, (2) ]{´v, (3) cpw ]{´pw
Øm\§fn \n¶mÂ
ip`-h-kn-hm-kyp-`bN-cymJymxþ ip`-th-kn, -ip`hm-kn,
ipt`m`bNco,
F¶n§s\ aq¶pXcw tbmK-§fmIp¶p.
A-ip-ss` tX ]m]-kwÚmx kvarXmx þ C§s\ \n¡p-¶Xv ip`·mÀ ¡p ]Icw
Aip-`-·mcm-sW-¦n ]m]-thkn, ]m]-hm-kn-, ]mt]m`-b-Nco F¶pw
Adn-b-s¸-Sp-¶p.

eámepÅ tbmK§Ä
ip`IÀ¯cotbmKw, ]m]IÀ¯cotbmKw
kXv]mÀtiz ip`IÀXcoXyp`bt` þ eá¯nsâ cnepw ]{´nepambn
ip`{Kl§Ä \n¶m ip`IÀXcotbmKw.
]mss]kvXp ]m]mlztbm þ]m]cmsW¦n ]m]IÀXcotbmKw

kpip`mtbmKw
eámZzn¯KssXx ipss`kvXp kpipt`m þ
eá¯nsâ cn ip`{Kl§Ä \n¶m kpip`mtbmKw,
tbmtKm \ ]mt]£nssXx þ ]m]ZrjvSnbps¦n kpip`mtbmKanÃ.

C\n hnhcn¡m³ t]mIp¶ \mep tÇmI§Ä (9þ12 tÇmI§Ä)

sImÃw ]Xn¸nenÃ.
(9)
PmXx kymXv kp`Kx kpJo KpW-\n-[nÀ[otcm \rt]m [mÀantIm
hnJymXx kI-e-{]ntbm f Xnkp-`tKm ZmXm alo-i-{]nbx
NmÀhMvKx {]nb-hmIv {]]-©-c-kntIm hmÜo bikzo [\o
hnZymZ{X kpth-kn-hm-kyp-`-b-N-cym-tJyjp ]mZ-{I-am-Xv.

ip`-th-kn-tbm-K^ew
ip`-th-kn-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
kp`Kx kpJo þ kpµc³, kpJw A\p`hn¡p¶h³,
 [176]

KpW-\n-[nþ kZvKp-W-§-fp-Å-h³,
[otcm þ ss[cy-imen,
\rt]mþ cmPmhv,
[mÀantImþ [mÀ½n-I³
.(kp`K þ kuµcyapÅ, sFizcyapÅ, `mKyapÅ)

ip`-h-mkn-tbm-K^ew
ip`-h-mkn-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
hnJymXx þ {]i-kvX³,
kI-e-{]ntbm þ FÃm-hÀ¡pw {]nb-s¸-«h³,
AXnkp-`tKmþ hfsc kpµ-c³,
ZmXm þ Zm\ioe³,
alo-i-{]nbxþ cmPm-hn\p {]nb-s¸-«-h³.

ipt`m`-b-Nco-tbm-K^ew
ip`- D`b-Nco-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³,
NmÀhMvKx þ kpµ-c-amb icocw,
{]nb-hmIv þ CjvS¸Sp¶ kwkmcw,
{]]-©-c-kntIm þ temIkpJw BkzZn¡p¶h³,
hmÜo þ hmIvkm-aÀ°y-ap-Å-h³,
bikzoþ {]i-kvX³,
[\o þ [\-hm³.
(10)
A\ym-bmÖ\-\n-µtIm lX-cp-NnÀlo-\-{]ntbm ZpÀPt\m
ambmho ]c-\n-µI Je-bptXm ZpÀhr¯imkv{Xm-[n-Ix
temtI- kym-Z-]-IoÀ¯n ZpxJn-X-a\m
hnZymÀY`mssKyÝyptXm
PmX-Ým-ip-`-th-kn-hm-kyp-`-b-N-cym-tJyjp ]mZ-{I-am-
Xv.

Aip-`-th-kn-tbm-K-^ew
Aip`-thkn-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³,
A\ym-bmXv P\-\n-µtIm þ shdpsX aäp-Å-hsc \nµn-¡p-¶-h³,
lX-cp-Nnþ kuµ-cy-an-Ãm-¯-h³ (CjvS§Ä
km[n¡m¯h³ F¶pw ImWp¶p.),
lo-\ -{]ntbm þ lo\-·msc, lo\-·mÀ¡p, {]nbw,,
 [177]

-ZpÀPt\m - ZpÀÖ\w, No¯h³

Aip`-h-mkn-tbm-K^ew
Aip`-h-mkn-tbm-K-¯nÂP\n-¨-h³
ambmho- amb¡mc³, NXnb³,
]c-\n-µI aäp-Å-hsc \nµn-¡p-¶-h³,
Je-ctXm þ ZpjvS-·m-cp-ambn kl-h-kn-¡p-¶-h³,
ZpÀhr¯þ No¯ -{]-hÀ¯n-IÄ sN¿p-¶-h³,
imkv{Xm-[n-Ix - imkv{X-§sf Zpcp-]-tbmKw sN¿p-¶-h³.

Aip` D`-b-Nco tbmK^ew

temtI- kym-Zv A-]-IoÀ¯n þ P\a²y¯n Zpjv-t¸cv ,
ZpxJn-X-a\mþ ZpJn¡p¶ a\-tÊmSpIqSn-b-h³,
hnZy AÀY- `m-ssKy NyptXm þ ]Tn¸,v [\w, `mKyw Ch CÃm-
¯-h³..

(11)
ssPhm-XrtIm hn`btcmKcn]px kpJo kymþ
ZmVyx {inbm N ip`-IÀ¯-cn-tbm-K-PmXx
\ntkzm f ip-NnÀhn-kp-J-Zm-c-kp-tXm- f wK-lo\x
kymXv ]m]-IÀ¯-cn-`-thm- f Nn-c-am-bp-tc-Xn.
ip`-IÀ¯-co-tbm-K-^ew
ssPhm-XrtIm þ ZoÀLm-bpÊv ,
hn`-b-tcm-K-cn]px þ `bw, tcmKw, i{Xp Ch CÃm-¯-h³,
kpJo kymXvþ kpJw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h³,
BVyx þ B`n-Pm-Xy-ap-Å-h³,
{inbm þ t{ib-Êp-Å-h³

.]m]IÀ¯-cn-tbm-K-^ew
\ntkzm-þ Zcn-{Z³,
Aip-Nn þ hr¯n-sI-«-h³,
hn-kpJ-Zm-c-kp-tXmþ kpJw, `mcy, a¡Ä Ch CÃm-¯-
h³,
 [178]

A-MvK-lo\xþ AwK-lo-\³,
ANn-c-am-bp-tc-Xn.þ Aev]m-bp-Êv.

(12)
BNmchm³ [ÀaaXnx {]k¶x
ku`mKyhm³ ]mÀYnham\\obx
arZpkz`mhx kvanX`mjWÝ
[\o `th¨maetbmKPmXx

kpip`mtbmK^ew
Aae tbmKPmXx þ kpip`mtbmK¯n P\n¨h³,
BNmchm³ - BNmc§Ä ]men¡p¶h³,
[ÀaaXnx þ [mÀ½nI³,
{]k¶x þ {]k¶³,
ku`mKyhm³ þ `mKyhm³,
]mÀYnham\\obxþ cmPmhn \m BZcn¡s¸Sp¶h\pw,
arZpkz`mhx arZpkz`mh t¯mSp IqSnbh\pw,
kvanX`mjWÝþ ]p©ncntbmsS kwkmcn¡p¶ h\pw,
[\o þ [\nI³.
(13)
kpipt` ip`-IÀ¯cymw
thkymZu kp\-`m-Zn-hXv
ipss`x {Iam-Xv^ew tÚbw
hn]-co-X-a-k-Zv{K-sslx.

kpipt` þ kpip`mtbmK-¯n\pw,
ip`-IÀ¯cymw ip`-IÀ¯cntbm-K-¯n\pw,
thymZu þ thknXpS§nbhbv¡pw,
kp\-`m-Zn-hXvþ kp\`m XpS-§nb --tbm-K-§-fpsS,
{Iam-Xv ^ew tÚbwþ {Ia-¯nemWv (ip`)^ew- F-¶-dn-bpI.
Ak-Zv{K-sslx hn]-co-Xw-þ ip`·mÀ¡p]Icw tbmKapm¡p¶Xp ]
m]cmsW¦n Aip`^-e-am-Ip¶p.

sImÃw]Xn¸n lntXzµpw.. F¶ F«mas¯ tÇmI¯n\p tijw

H¼Xma¯Xmbn hcp¶Xv kpipt` ip`IÀ¯cymw.. F¶ tÇmIamWv.
AXmbXv 10 apXÂ 17 hscbpÅ tbmK§fpsS ^ew Cu kpipt` ip`-
 [179]

IÀ¯cymw.... F¶ Hä tÇmI¯n HXp¡nbncn¡p¶p. F¶mÂ, \mw ]n

´pScp¶ ZnÃn]Xn¸pIfn (9) PmXx kymXv, (10) A\ymbmÖ\\nµtIm
(11) ssPhmXrtIm (12) BNmcyhm³ F¶o \mep tÇmI§fn Cu
tbmK§fpsS ^ew hnhcn¨Xn\ptijamWv kpipt` ip`-IÀ¯cymw hcp¶Xv.
CXn 12þas¯ tÇmIamb BNmchm³.. F¶Xv AaemtbmK^eamWv
F¶pw AXn ]dbp¶pv. AaemtbmKw ]dbmsX AaemtbmK^ew ]
dbp¶Xn DÅ Akzm`mhnIX asämcp kXy¯ntebv¡mWv hnc Nq-
p¶Xv. hmkXh¯n AXv kpip`mtbmK^ewXs¶bmWv. ImcWw, cmw
`mh¯n\p {]kàamb ip`^e§fmWv B tÇmI¯n ]dbp¶Xv.
sNdphÅnbpsS hymJym\¯nepw Cu \mep tÇmI§Ä Dv. Bdmw
A²ymb ¯nÂ, Cu ImcW§ÄsImv, sImÃw ]Xn¸n 66 tÇmIapÅt¸mÄ
aäp ]Xn¸pIfn 70 tÇmIapv.

(14)
HmtPjzÀt¡-µp-e-ám-\y-P\n Znhn ]pamwþ
tÝ·-lm-`m-Ky-tbmKx
kv{XoWmw XZvhyXytb kymÑ-in\n kpc-Kptcmx
tI{µtK tIk-co-Xn.
Pohm-´ym-jvSm-cn-kwtØ iin\n Xp iISw
tI{µtK \mkvXn eámþ
¨t{µ tI{µm-Zn--tK f À-¡m-Z-[-a-k-a-h-cnþ
jvTm-Jy-tbmKmx {]-kn²mx.

a-lm-`m-Ky-tbmKw
AÀ¡ C-µp- HmtPjp e-ám-\n Znhn AP\nþ kqcy\pw N{µ\pw HmP-
cm-in-bn \n¡pt¼mÄ HmP-e-á-¯n ]I P\n-¡pIbpw,
]pam³ tNXv þ ]pcp-j-P\\amhp-Ibpw sNbvXmÂ,
a-lm-`m-Ky-tbmKx þ a-lm-`m-Ky-tbmKamIp-¶p.

kv{XoWmw XXv hyXytb kymXv þ

kv{XoIÄ¡v alm-`m-Ky-tbm-K-¯n\v CXn\p hn]-co-Xw BIp-¶p.
AXmbXv, kq-cy-N-{µ-·mÀ bpÜ-cm-in-bn \n¡p-t¼mÄ bpÜ-e-
á-¯nÂ
cm{Xn-bn P\n-¡p¶ kv{Xobpw alm-`mKytbmK-ap-Å-h-fm-bn-cn-
¡pw.
 [180]

tIkcotbmKw
iin\n kpcKptcmx tI{µtK tIkcoXn þ hymg¯nsâ tI{µ¯n (1þ4þ7þ10)
N{\³ \n¶m tIkcotbmKw

iIStbmKw.
Pohm-´ym-jvSm-cn-kwtØ iin\n Xp iISw þ hymg¯nsâ A´yw (12),
AjvSw (8), Acn (6) F¶o Øm\§fn N{µ³ \n¶m iIStbmKw.
tI{µtK \mkvXn eám¨t{µþ(eá)tI{µ¯nemWp N{µs\¦n iIStbmKanÃ.

A[a ka hcnjvT tbmK-§Ä

Nt{µ AÀ-¡m-Xv tI{µm-Zn--tK- {]-kn²mx þ N{µ³ kqcy-\n \n¶v
tI{µw apX-em-b-h-bn \n¶m {]kn-²-§-fmb
A[-a k-a- h-cnjvT þ A[aw (tI{µw 1þ4-þ7-þ10), k-aw -(]-W-]cw
2þ5-þ8-þ11), h-cnjvTw (B-t]m-¢naw 3þ6-þ9-þ12),
B-Jy- tbmKmx þ F¶n-§s\ t]cmb tbmK-§Ä BIp-¶p.

(15)
alm-`mtKy PmXx- k-I-e-\-b-\m-\-µ-P-\tIm
hZmt\ym hnJymXx £nXn-]-Xn-c-io-Xym-bp-c-aex
h[q\mw tbmtKf kvan³ kXn- [-\-kp-amwK-ey-k-lnXm
Nncw ]pss{Xx ]uss{Xx ip`-ap-]-KXm km kpN-cn-Xm.

alm-`mKytbmK-^ew
alm-`mtKy PmXx þ alm-`mKytbmK-¯n P\n-¨-h³,
kI-e-\-b-\ B-\-µP-\tIm þ FÃm-h-cp-sSbpw I®p-IÄ¡v B\µw
Dm-¡p-¶-h³,
hZmt\ymþ Zm\-io-e³,
hnJymXx þ {]kn-²³,
£nXn-]-Xn þ cmPmhv-,
A-io-Xym-bp þ 80 hb-Êp-hsc Bbp-Êp-Åh³,
Aaexþ \nÀ½-e³.

kv{XoI-fpsS alm-`mKy-tbm-K-w
h[q\mwtbmtKAkvan³ þ kv{XoI-fpsS alm-`mKy-tbm-K¯n -
kmþ AhÄ,
kXn- þ ]Xn{hX-,
 [181]

kpN-cn-Xmþ kÂkz-`m-h-ap-Å-hÄ,
[-\ kp-awK-ey k-lnXmþ [\w-, awKeyw F¶n-h-bp-Å-
hÄ,
Nncw]pss{Xx ]uss{Xx ip`-ap-]-KXm þ
AhÄ Gsd-¡mew ]p{X]u-{X-tcmsS ip`--ambn Pohn¡pw.

(16)
tIkcoh cn]p-hÀK-\n-l´m
{]uV-hmIv kZkn cmPnXhr¯nx
ZoÀL-Po-hy-Xn-bimx ]Sp-_p-²nþ
kvtXPkm PbXn tIk-cn-tbm-tK.

tIkcotbm-K-^ew
tIk-cn-tbm-tK þ tIk-cotbm-K¯n P\n-¨-h³,
tIkcn Ch cn]p-hÀK \n-l´mþ knwl-s¯-t¸mse i{XphÀ¤s¯
sIms¶m-Sp-¡p-¶-h\pw,
kZkn {]uV-hmIv þ kZ-Ên hmIvKmw-`ocyt¯mSp
IqSnbh\pw,
cmPnX hr¯nx þ {]hr¯nbn tim`n¡p¶h\pw,
ZoÀL-Po-hn ZoÀLm-bpÊv,
AXn-bimx þ hfsc {]kn-²n,
]Sp-_p-²nþ IqÀ½_p²n-,
tXPkm þ hyàn-{]-`mhw
þþCu KpW-tfmSp IqSnbh\mbn,
PbXn þ Pbn-¡p-¶p .(ZoÀL-Imew Pohn-¡p¶p.)

(17)
IzNnXv IzNnXv `mKy-]-cn-Nyp-X-ʳ
]p\x ]p\x kÀh-ap-ss]Xn `mKyw
temtI f {]-knt²m f]cn-lm-cy-a-´þ
Èeyw {]]¶x iI-tSfXnZpxJo.

iI-S-tbm-K^ew
iI-tS þ iI-S-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h\v,
 [182]

IzNnXv IzNnXv `mKy ]-cn-Nyp-X-x k³þ

]ns¶bpw ]ns¶-bpw `mKyw\jvS-ambpw,
]p\x ]p\x kÀh-w Dss]Xn `mKywþ
hopw hopw FÃm `mKyhpw, h¶p-sImpw Ccn-¡pw.
temtI A-{]-knt²m þ temI¯n A-{]-kn-²\pw ,
A]cn-lm-cw A-´Èeyw {]]¶xþ
]cn-lm-c-an-Ãm¯ a\-t¢iw A-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h\pw,
AXnZpxJoþ hfsc ZpJn-X\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

hn-¨-{I-¯n Hcp AS-bm-f-an«m hn HmSp-t¼mÄ Cu AS-

bmfw BhÀ ¯n¨mhÀ¯n¨p s]m§nbpw XmWpancn-¡p¶Xp-t]mse I-
jvS-Im-ehpw \Ã-Im-ehpw amdn -amdn h¶pw t]mbpw Ccn-¡pw
F¶mWp kqN\. F¶m sImÃw ]Xn¸nÂþþ
IzNnXv IzNnXv `mKy]cnNypXʳ
]p\x ]p\ÊÀhapss]Xn `mKw
temI{]knt²m ]cnlmca´þ
Èeyw {]k¶x iItSXnZpxJ.
F¶p aqehpw, “iIStbmK¯n P\n¨hsâ `mKyw IptdÈ IptdÈ bmbn
Ipdªp apgph³ XocpIbpw ]n¶oSp IptdÈ IptdÈbmbn hÀ²n¨p ]
qÀ®amhpIbpw sN¿pw. Ah³ temI{]kn²\mbpw XSp¡¯¡XÃm¯
a\Èeyt¯mSp IqSnbh\pw Gähpw ZpxJnX\mbpw Ccn¡pw” F¶v
AÀ°hpw sImSp¯ncn¡p¶p. sNdphÅnbpw CtXmSp tbmPn¡p¶p.
A{]kn²n {]kn²nbpw {]]¶w {]k¶hpambt¸mÄ h¶amäw ChnsS ]ckv]c
hncp²amb hymJym\§Ä¡pXs¶ ImcWambn. C¯cw kµÀ`§fn bpàn
D]tbmKn¡pItb \nhr¯nbpÅp. s]mXpsh CsXmcp ZpÀ`mKytbmK
ambXn\m temtI {]kn²ntb¡mÄ, temtI A{]kn²nbmWv tNcpI sb¶p
tXm¶p¶p.

(18)
IjvS-a-²y-a-h-cm-lz-b-tbmtK
{Zhy-hm-l-\-b-i-Êp-J-k¼Xv
Úm\[o-hn-\-b-ss\-]p-W-hn-Zymþ
XymKt`m-K-P-^-em-\y]n XZz-Xv.

A[akahcn-jvT-tbm-K-^e-§Ä
IjvS- a-²y-ah-cm-lz-btbmtKþ
 [183]

A[a ka hcnjvT tbmK-§fn P\n¨mÂ,

{Zh hm-l-\- b-ix- þ ]Ww, hml\w, biÊv,
kp-Jkw-]Xv Úm\ þ kpJw-, k¼¯v, Úm\w,
[o- hn-\-bss\-]pWyw-,hn-Zym XymK þ
_p²n, hn\bw, kma-À°yw, ]Tn¸v, XymKw,
t`m-K-P- þ kpJ-t`mK§Ä,
^em-\n A]n þ Ch ^e-amIp-¶p.
h-cn-jvT-tbm-K-¯n KpW^ew. a²y-a-tbm-K-¯n a²y-a^ew. A[-a-
tbm-K-¯n KpW^ew- Xosc ImWnÃ. CXmWv ^em\p`h¯nsâ {Iaw.

(19)
N{µmZzm hkp-amw XtZm-]-N-b-ssKÀþ
eámÕakvssX-Èpss`x
N{µm-Zvthymav\y-a-em-lz-b-Èp-`-JssKÀ
tbmtKm hne-ám-Z]n
Pt·ti klntX hne-á-]-Xn\m
tIt{µ f[n-an-{XÀ£tK
eáw ]iyXn IÝn-Z{X _e-hm³
tbmtKm `thXv ]pjvIex.

hkp-a-Xv tbmKw
N{µmXv hm eámXvþN{µ-\nÂ\n¶v AsÃ-¦n eá¯nÂ\n¶v,
D-]-Nb-ssKx þ D]-N-b-Øm-\-§-fn (3-þ6-þ10-þ11),
kakvssXx -ipss`x hkp-am³ þ FÃm ip`-{K-l-§fpw (Kp, ip, \Ã _p)
\n¶m hkp-aXv tbmKw
.Aa-e-mtbmKw
N{µm-Xv hne-ám-Xv A]nþ N{µmtem eámtem,
thymav\n ip-`-JssKx þ ]¯n ip`-{K-l-§Ä \n¶mÂ,
Aa-e Blz-b -tbmtKmþ Aa-em F¶p t]cmb tbmKw BIp-¶p.

]pjvI-e-tbmKw
Pt·ti klntX hne-á-]-Xn\m þ
N-{µ³ \n¡p¶ cmin-bpsS \mYsâ IqsS eám-[n-]³,
tItµþ tI{µ-¯ntem,
A[n-an-{XÀ£ - - AXnan{X-t£-{X-¯ntem \n¡p-Ibpw,
 [184]

IÝn-Z{X _e-hm³þ GsX-¦nepw Hcp _e-apÅ {Klw,

eáw ]iyXn þ eás¯ t\m¡p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p-sh-¦nÂ,
]pjvIe tbmtKm `thXv þ ]pjvI-e-tbmKw Dm-Ip-¶p.

(20)
XnjvtTbpx kzKrtl kZm hkp-aXn {ZhymWy-\Â]m-\y]n
£vtaix kymZ-ate [\o kpX-b-i-Êw-]-ZyptXm \oXn-am³
{ioam³ ]pjvI-e-tbm-KtPm \r]-hsscx k½m-\ntXm hn{ipXx
kzmIÂ]mw-_-c-`q-jnXx ip`-hNx kÀthm-¯ax kymXv {]`px.

hkp-atZymK-^ew
hkp-aXn þ hkp-aXv tbmK-¯n P\n-¨-h³
,kZm kzKrtl þ FÃm-bvt¸mgpw Xsâ Krl-¯n¯s¶,
A\Â]m-³ A]n {Zhym-Wn XnjvtTbpxþ A[n-I-amb {Zhy§tfmsS
Ignbp¶p.

Aa-em-tbm-K-^ew
A-ate þ Aa-em-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³,
£vtaix þ cmPmhv,
[\o þ [\-hm³,
kpX b-i- k¼Xv bptXmþ a¡Ä, biÊv, k¼¯v Ch-tbm-SpIq-Snbh³,
\oXn-am³

]pjvI-e-tbm-K^ew
]pjvI-e-tbm-KtPm þ ]pjvI-e-tbm-K¯n P\n-¨-h³,
{ioam³ þ {ioam³ ,
\r]-hsscx k½m-\ntXm þ cmPm-¡-·m-cm am\n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-h³
hn{ipXx þ {]kn-²³,
kzmIÂ]mw-_-c-`q-jnXx þ \Ã hkv{X-§fpw B`-c-W-§fpw [cn-¡p¶h³.
ip`-hNmx þ ip`-hm¡v ]d-bp-¶-h³,
kÀthm-¯ax þ kÀthm-¯-a³,
{]`px - {]`p.

(21)
kÀth ]©kp jSvkp k]vXkp ip`-amemÝ ]Mvàym ØnXm
btZyhw arXnjUvhy-bm-Znjp Krtl-jz-{Xm-ip-`mJym kvarXm
 [185]

kzÀt£mt¨ bZn tImW-I--I-bpXu `mtKy-i-ip-{Im-hp`u

e£vaymtJym f Y XYm-hnt[ lna-Itc KucoXn Poth£ntX.

ip`-am-em-tbmKw
kÀth þ FÃm {Kl-§fpw,
]©kp jSvkp k]vXkpþ A©v, Bdv, Ggv CuØm\-§fnÂ,
]Mvàym ØnX þ ]wàn-bmbn (\ncbmbn)\n¶mÂ
ip`-ame þ ip`-am-em-tbmKw.

Aip`am-em-tbmKw
bZn Ghw - CXp-t]mse FÃm {Kl-§fpw
arXnjUv hy-b BZnjp Krtl-jp-
acWw (8), Bdv (6), hybw (12) F¶o `-mh-§-fnÂ,
A-{X ØnXm þ \n¶mÂ
Aip-` BJym kvarXm - Aip-`-amem F¶p t]cmb tbmKw

e£vao-tbmKw
`mtKy-i ip-{Imhp`u þ H¼Xmw`mhm-[n-]\pw -ip{I\pw-,
kzÀt£m- kzt£-{X-¯ntem,
Dt¨ bZn þ D¨-¯ntem Bbn \n¡pIbpw,
tImW - AXp XntIm-W-¯ntem,
I--I-bpXu tI{µ-¯ntem BhpIbpw sNbvXmÂ
e£vaymtJym - e£vao-tbmKw.

Kuco-tbmKw
XYm-hnt[ lna-Itc KucoXn Poth-£ntXþN{µ³ kzt£-{X-¯ntem D¨-
¯ntem \n¡pIbpw, B cmin tI{µtam {XntImWtam BhpIbpw,hymgw
N{µs\ t\m¡pIbpw sN¿p¶psh¦n Kuco-tbmKw BIp-¶p.

(22)
P\m-[n-Imco £nXn-]m-e-ikvtXm
t`mKo {]ZmXm ]c-Im-cy-IÀ¯m
_Ôp{]nbx kÂkp-X-Zm-c-bptàm
[ocx- kp-am-em-lz-b-tbm-K-Pm-Xx.

ip`-am-em-tbm-K-^ew
 [186]

kp-am-em-lz-b tbm-K-Pm-Xx þ
ip`-ame F¶p t]cmb- tbmK-¯n P\n-¨-h³,
P\m-[n-Imcoþ A[n-Imcn,
£nXn-]m-e-ikvtXmþ cmPm-¡-·m-cm am\n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-h³,
t`mKo þ kpJw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h³,
{]ZmXmþ sImSp-¡p-¶-h³ (Zm-\-io-e³),
]c-Im-cy-IÀ¯mþ aäp-Å-h-cpsS Imcy-§Ä sN¿p-¶-h³,
_Ôp{]nbx þ _Ôp-¡Ä¡p {]nb-s¸-«-h³,
kXvkp-XZm-c-bptàm \Ãa¡Ä-, `mcy Ch-tcm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³,
[oc- þ [oc³.

(23)
IpamÀ¤-bp-tàm-f ip-`-am-en-ImtJy
ZpxJo ]tcjmw h[-IrXv IrXLv\x
kymXv ImXtcm `qkp-c-`-àn-lot\m
temIm-`n-ikvtXm Ie-l-{]nbx kymXv.

Aip-`-am-em-tbmKw
A-ip-`-am-en-ImtJy þ A-ip-`-am-emtbmK-¯Â P\n-¨-h³,
IpamÀ¤-bp-tàm þ ZpÀamÀ¤n,
ZpxJo þ ZpJn-¡p-¶-h³,
]tcjmw h[-IrXv þ aäp-Å-hsc h[n-¡p-¶-h³,
IrXLv\xþ \µn-sI-«-h³,
ImXtcm þ `ocp,
`qkp-c-`-àn-lot\m þ {_mÒ-W-`-àn-bn-Ãm-¯-h³,
temIm-`n-ikvtXm þ temI-cm shdp-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-h³,
Ie-l-{]nbx þ hg-¡mfn,
kymXvþ BIp-¶p,

(24)
\nXyw awK-f-io-ebm h\n-Xbm {IoUXy-tcmKo [\o
tXPkzo kzP-\m³vkpc-£Xn alm-e£o{]km-Zm-ebx
t{ijvTm-tµm-fn-Ibm {]bmXn Xpc-K-kvXw-t_-c-am-Zym-
{intXm
temIm-\-µ-Itcm alo-]-Xn-htcm ZmXm N e£o-`-hx.
 [187]

e£vao-tbm-K-^ew
e£o-`-hx þ e£vao-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³,
\nXyw awK-f-io-ebm h\n-Xbm {IoUXn þ \nXyhpw kZvkz-`m-hn-
bmb `m-cy-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn kt´mjambn Ignbp¶h³,
AtcmKoþ tcmKanÃm¯h³,
[\o- [\n-I³,
tXPkzo þ tXPkzn,
kzP-\mXv kpc-£Xn - kzP\s¯ Im¯p c£n¡p¶p,
alm-e£vao {]km-Zm-ebxþ e-£vaotZhnbpsS {]km-Z-¯n\v Ccn-
¸nSw, t{ijT B-tµm-fn-Ibm {]bmXn \à ]-Ã-¡n bm{X-sN-¿p-¶p.
Xpc-KkvXw-t_-c-aw BZn B-{intXm þ IpXnc, B\ Xp§nbh DÅ-h³.
temIm-\-µ-Itcm þ temI-¯n\v B\-µ-¯n\p ImcWambh³,
alo-]-Xn-htcmþ cmP-{]-ap-J³,
ZmXm N þ sImSp-¡p-¶-h\pw (Zm-\-im-en).

(25)
kpµ-c-Km{Xx ÇmLn-X-tKm{Xx
]mÀ°nhan{Xx kZvKp-W-]p{Xx
]¦-P-t\{Xx kwkvXp-X-ssPt{Xm
cmPXn Kuco-tbm-K-k-ap-°x.

Kuco-tbm-K^ew
Kuco-tbm-K-k-ap-°x þ Kucn-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³,
kpµ-c-Km{Xxþ kpµ-c³,
ÇmLn-X-tKm{Xx þ ]pIÄs]ä hwiw,
]mÀ°nhan{Xþ cmPm-hnsâ kplr¯v,
kZvKp-W-]p{Xxþ kZvKp-W§fpÅ a¡-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³,
]¦-P-t\{Xx þ Xma-c-¸q-t]mse at\mlcamb I-®p-IÄ,
kwkvXp-X-ssPt{Xmþ {]iw-k-\o-b-amb Pb-t¯mSp-Iq-Sn-b-h³,
cmPXn þ hncmPn-¡p-¶p.

(26)
ip{I-hm-Iv]Xn kp[m-I-cm-ßssPx
tI{µ-tIm-W-k-ln-ssXÀZzn-Xo-bssKx
tkzm¨-an-{X-`-h-t\jp hmIv]Xu (1)
hocytK kXn kc-kz-Xo-cnXm.
 [188]

kc-kz-Xo-tbmKw.
ip{Ihm-Iv]Xn kp[m-I-cm-ßssPxþ
ip{I³, hymgw, _p-[³ (F¶o ip-`-·mÀ),
tI{µtIm-W-k-ln-ssXxZzn-Xo-bssKþ tI{µ-w- (1-þ4-þ7-þ10), {XntIm-
W-w (1,5,9), cmw `mhw Ch-bnsem¶n \n¡p-Ibpw
hmIv]Xu hocytK kXn þ hymgw _e-hm-\mbn,
kzD¨an-{X-`-h-t\jpþ kzt£{Xw, D¨-cmin, an{X-t£{Xw
Ch-I-fn \n¡pIbpw sNbvXmÂ
kc-kz-Xo-cnXþ kc-kz-Xo-tbmK-am-Ip-¶p.

AÀ°t`Zw: Cu tÇmI¯n cmas¯ hmIv]Xnbv¡v cmw `mhm[n]³

F¶mWv sNdphÅn AÀ°w sImSp¯n«pÅX.v hm¡vv cmw`mhamWv.
AXpsImv cmw`mhm[n]Xn hmIv]XnXs¶. F¶m {KlImcIXz¯nsâ
kµÀ`¯n hcpt¼mÄ hm¡nsâ ]Xn hymgamWv.

(27)
[oam³ \mS-I-K-Zy-]-Zy-K-W-\m-e-¦m-c-im-kvt{X-jzbw
\njvWmXx Ihn-Xm-{]-_-Ô-c-Nt\ imkv{XmÀ°-]m-cw-KXx
IoÀ¯ym-{Im-´-P-K-{X-tbm f Xn[\ntIm Zmcm-ß-ssP-c-\znXx
kymÕm-c-kz-X-tbm-KtPm \r]-hsscx kw]q-PntXm `mKyhm³.

k-c-kz-Xo-tbm-K^ew
km-c-kz-X-tbm-KtPm þ kc-kz-Xo-tbm-K¯n P\n-¨-h³,
[oam³ þ _p²n-am³,
\mS-I- K-Zy -]Zy KW\ Ae¦mc imkvt{Xjzbw \njvWmXþ \mS-Iw-, K-
Zyw, ]Zyw, KWnXw, Ae¦mcimkv{Xw XpS§nbhbn-Â \njvWmX³,
kaÀ°³,
Ihn-Xm -{]-_-Ô-c-Nt\ imkv{XmÀ°-]m-cw-KXx þIhnX, {]_ÔcN\,
imkv{XmÀ°w Chbn ]mcwKX³, hnZKvZ³.
IoÀ¯ym-{Im-´ P-K-{X-tbþ
aq¶p- tem-I-§fpw Iog-S¡nb IoÀ¯ntbmSp- Iq-Sn-b-h³*,
AXn[\ntImþ henb [\n-I³,
Zmc Bß-ssPx A\znXxþ `mcy, a¡Ä Ch-tcm-Sp Iq-Sn-b-h³,
\r]-hsscx kw]q-PytXmþcmPm-¡-·m-cm _lp-am-\n¡-s¸-Sp-¶-h³,
`mKyhm³.
 [189]

ChnsS sNdphÅn “a\pjyþtZhþ]nXr lnX§fmb IÀ½§Ä sN¿pIbmÂ

aq¶p temI¯pw {]kn²nbpÅh\pw” F¶p hniZambn sImSp¯ncn¡p¶p.

(28)
eám-[o-iz-c-`m-kvI-cm-ar-X-Icmx tI{µ-{Xn-tIm-Wm-{inXmx
tkz¨-kzÀ£-kp-lr-ZvKr-lm-\p-]-KXmx {ioI-WvT-tbmtKm `thXv
XZzXv `mÀ¤h`mKy-\mYiinPmx {io\m-Y-tbm-K-kvXYm
hmKo-im-ß-]-kq-cyPm bZn XZm -ssh-cn©ntbmK-kvX-Ym.

{ioIWvTtbmKw
eám-Zo-iz-c-`m-kvI-c Aar-X-Icx þ eám-[n-]\pw kqcy\pw
N{µ\pw,
tI{µ{Xn-tIm-Wþ
tI{µ¯ntem (1-þ4-þ7-þ10 ) {XntImW¯ntem (1-þ5-þ9)
B-{inXmx þ \n¡pIbpw, AXv
tkz¨ kzÀ£ kplr-XvKr-lm³
D¨-w, kzt£{Xw, an{X-t£{Xw C-h-bn-sem-¶m-hpIbpw sNbvXm-Â
{ioI-WvT-tbmtKm `thXvþ {ioI-WvT-tbmKw Dm-Ip-¶p.

{io\m-Y-tbmKw
`mÀ¤h `mKy-\mY iinPmx þ
ip{I³, H¼-Xmw-`m-hm-[n-]³, _p[³ ChÀ AXp-t]mse \n¶mÂ
{io\m-Y-tbm-K-xþ {io\m-Y-tbm-Kw- B-Ip-¶p.

sshcn-©n-tbmKw
hmKo-i B-ß-] kq-cyPþhymgw, A©m-w`mhm[n]³, (1) i\n
bZn XZm þ ChÀ AXp-t]mse \n¶mÂ

hymJym\t`Zw: Bß]sâ AÀ°w eám[n]³ F¶mWv \mWp]nÅBim\pw

sNdphÅnbpw sImSp¯n«pÅXv. AXp icnbÃ. ImcWw, Bßm ]
©a`mhamWv. Xs¶bÃ, {XntImWm[n]sc (1þ5þ9 `mh\mY·-msc)
\mbI·-mcm¡nbpÅ tbmK§fmWnh F¶ Imcyw kµÀ`¯nÂ\n¶pw
hyàamIp¶pp Xm\pw.

(29)
cp{Zm-£m-`-c-tWm f ]n `qXn-[-h-f-Ñmtbm almßm inhw
 [190]

[ymb-¶m-ß\n k´Xw kp\n-bax ssih-{htX Zo£nXx

km[q-\m-ap-]-Im-cIx ]c-a-tX-tjz-hm-\-kqtbm `th-þ
t¯Pkzo inh-]qPbm {]ap-ZnXx {ioI-W-T-tbm-tKm-Û-hx.

{ioI-WvT-tbm-K-^ew
{ioI-WvT tbm-tKm-Û-hx. þ {ioI-WvTtbm-K¯n P\n-¨-h³
cp{Zm-£ B`-c-tWm]n þ cp{Zm-£wsImpÅ B`-
c-W§Ä
[cn¡p¶h\pw
`qXn-[-h-f-Ñmtbm þ `kvaw ]qin shfp¯ \nd-t¯mSp
IqSnbh\pw
almßm almßmhpw
inhw [ymb-³ B-ß\n k´Xwþ inhs\ kZm [ym\n¡p¶h\pw
kp\n-bax þ \njvTbpÅh\pw
ssih-{htX {]ap-ZnX þ inh`ànbn B\µw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h\pw
Zo£nXxþ {hXw A\pjvTn¡p¶h\pw
km[q-\mw- D]-Im-cIxþ km[p¡Ä¡v , k\ym-kn-
amÀ¡v,
D]-Imcnbpw
]c-a-tX-jp A\-kqtbmþ A\ysâ A`n{]mb§fnÂ
AknlvWpX CÃm¯h\pw
tXPkzo þ tXP-kznbpw
inh-]qPbm {]ap-ZnXx þ inh-]q-P-bnÂ
B\µn¡p¶h\pw
`thXvþ Bbn-cn¡pw.

(30)
e£vao-hm³ kc-tkmànNmSp-\n-]ptWm \mcm-b-Wm¦m¦nXþ
kvX¶m-am-¦n-X-lr-Zy-]-Zy-a-\niw k¦oÀ¯-b³ kÖ\x
XÛ-àm-]-NnXu {]k-¶-h-Z-\-Ê-Xv]p-{X-Zm-cm-\znXx
kÀthjmw \b-\-{]n-tbm f Xn-kp-`Kx {io\m-Y-tbm-tKmÛhx.

{io\m-Y-tbm-K^ew
{io\m-Y-tbm-tKmÛhxþ {io\m-Y-tbm-K¯n P\n-¨-h³,
e£vao-hm³þ sFiz-cy-ap-Å-h³,
kc-tkmàn NmSp-\n-]ptWmþ
 [191]

kc-k-ambpw a[pcambpw kwkmcn¡p¶h³,

\mcm-b-W A¦m¦nXxþ icoc¯n (IcNcW§fnÂ) ,sshjvWh e£W§-Ä
(iwJv, N{Iw, ,KZ,]ßw XpS§nbh) ASbmfambn«p Åh³,
XXv \m-am-¦n-X lr-Zy -]-Zy-w A\niw k¦oÀ¯b-³þhnjvWp`Kh ¶mam
¦nXamb, lrZyamb, IoÀ¯\§Ä kZm ]mSns¡mp \S¡p¶-h³,
kÖ\ þ kZvKpW§tfmSpIqSnbh³-,
XÛ-àm-]-NnXu{]k-¶-h-Z-\- þ hnjvWp-`-à-sc ]qPn-¡-p¶-XnÂ
kt´mjapÅh³,.
kXv]p-{X Zm-cm-\znXxþ \Ã a¡tfmSpw `mcytbmSpw
IqSn-b-h³
kÀthjmw \b-\-{]n-tbmþ FÃm-hÀ¡pw{]nb¦c³,
AXn-kp-`Kx þ hfsc kpµ-c³.

(31)
{_Ò-Úm-\-]-cm-btWm _lp-a-XnÀth-Z-{]-[mt\m KpWo
lrjvtSm sshZn-I-amÀ¤tXm \ NeXn {]Jym-X-in-jy-{h-Px
kutaym-ànÀ_-lp-hn-¯-Zm-c-X-\bx (1) kZv{_-Ò-tX-tPm-Öze³
ZoÀLm-bpÀhn-Pn-tX{µntbm \X-\rt]m sshcn-©n-tbm-tKm-Û-hx.
(1) ]mTt`Zw : kp{_-Ò

hncn-©-tbm-K^ew
sshcn-©n- tbm-tKm-Û-hþ hncn-©-tbm-K¯n P\n-¨-h³,
{_Ò- Úm-\- ]-cm-btWm {_Ò-Úm-\X¸-c³,
_lp-a-Xn _p²n-am³,
th-Z-{]-[m\o sshZnI³,
KpWo þ KpW-hm³,
lrjvtTm þ k´p-jvS³,
sshZn-I-amÀ¤tXm \ NeXn þ sshZn-I-amÀ¤-¯nÂ\n¶p
hyXn-N-en-¡m-¯-h³,
{]Jym-X-in-jy-{h-Px þ {]kn-²cmb injy·-mcpsS
kwL-t¯m-Sp Iq-Sn-b-h³,
kutaym-àn þ kuay-ambn kwkm-cn-¡p-¶-h³,
_-lp-hn-¯ Zm-c X-\bxþ [mcmfw [\hpw,- `mcybpw- a¡fpw
DÅh³,
kZv{_-Ò-tX-tPm-Öze³ {_ÒtXPÊpÅh³,
ZoÀLm-bp ZoÀLm-bp-Ê-p-Å-h³,
 [192]

hn-Pn-tX{µntbm C{µn-b-§sf Pbn-¨-h³,

\X-\rt]m cmPm-¡-·mÀ \an-¡p-¶-h³.

sNdphÅnbpsS hymJym\¯n IoÀ¯nam·-mcmb injy·-m

tcmSpw ]p{X·mtcmSpw F¶pw `mcyamtcmSpw ]p{X·-mtcmSpw
F¶pw ]p{X·msc cp h«w ]dªncn¡p¶p. {hPamWv Ipg¸apm¡n bsX¶p
tXm¶p¶p. AXpt]mse kµÀ`w t\m¡pt¼mÄ _lp hn¯¯n\p am{Xw
aXnsb¶pw tXm¶p¶p.

(32)
At\ym\yw `h-\-Ø-tbmÀhn-l-K-tbmÀþ
Ã-ámZn-cn-x^m-´Iw
`mhm-[o-iz-ctbmx {ItaW IYnXmx
jSvj-jvSn-tbmKm Pss\x
{Xnwi-ss±-\y-ap-Zo-cnXw hyb-cn-]p-þ
Ñn-{Zm-[n-\m-tYm-°n-Xmwþ
kvXzjvSu iucy-]tXx Jem \nK-Zn-Xmx-
- tijm almJymx kvarXmx.

]cnhÀ¯\tbmK§Ä
e-ám-Zn -cn-^m-´Iw þ eáw-ap-XÂ ]{´phscbpÅ
`mh§fpsS
`mhm-[o-iz-ctbmx hn-l-K-tbmx þ \mY·-mcmb {Kl-§Ä
At\ym\yw `h-\-Øtbmx þ ]c-kv]cw `mhw amdn \n¶mÂ
jUvj-jvSn-tbmKm þ 66- tbm-K-§Ä
{ItaW IYnXmx þ {Ia-¯n ]d-b-s¸-Sp¶p. CXnÂ
hybcn-]pOn-{Z A[n-\m-tY-þ 12, 6, 8 `mh-\m-Y-·mscs¡mv DÅh
{Xnwi- ssZ-\yD-Zo-cnXw þ (30) ssZ\y-tbm-K-§fpw
iucy-t]Xx þ 3þmw-`m-hm-[n-]-s\-s¡mv
AjvSu Jem \nK-Zn-Xmþ (8) Je-tbm-K§fpw
tijm þ _m¡n-bp-Åh(aäp
`mhm[n]XnsImpÅh)
almJymx þ (28-) alm-tbm-K-§fpw BIp¶p

ssZ\y-tbm-K-§Ä 30
Je-tbm-K§Ä 8
 [193]

alm-tbm-K-§Ä 28-
BsI 66

(33)
aqÀJx kymZ-]-hm-ZtIm Zpcn-X-Ir-¶nXyw k]-Xv\mÀ±nXx
{Iqtcmànx Ine ssZ\yPÝea-XnÀhn-On-¶-Im-tcym-Zyax
DZzr-¯-Ý- Jte IZm-Nn-Z-Jnew `mKyw et`-Xm-Jnew
kutaym-ànÝ IZm-Nn-tZ-h-a-ip`w Zmcn-{ZyZpxJmZn-Iw.

ssZ\y-tbmK-^ew
ssZ\y-P þ ssZ\y-tbmK¯n P\n-¨-h³
aqÀJx kymXv þ ZpjvS³, aµ-_p²n
A]-hm-ZtIm þ A]hmZ§Ä Dm¡p¶-h³,
\nµn-¨p kwkmcn¡p-¶-h³
Zpcn-X-IrXv þ ]m]§Ä sN¿p¶-h³
\nXyw þ FÃm-bvt¸mgpw
k]-Xv\mÀ±nX þ i{Xp-¡-fm ]oUn-¸n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-h³
{Iqtcmànx {Iqcambn kwkmcn¡p¶h³
NeaXnx þ Cf-Ip¶ a\tÊmSpIqSnbh³
hn-On-¶-Im-tcym-Zyax þ Bcw-`-iq-c³.

JetbmK-^ew
Jte þ Je-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
DZv hr¯-x þ AS-¡-an-Ãm-¯-h³.
kutaym-ànÝ þ kuay-ambn kwkmcn¡p¶h³
-IZm-Nn-Xv AJnew `mKyw et`-Xm Nne-t¸mÄ FÃm `mKyhpw
e`n-¡p-¶-p
IZm-NnXv Ghw þ aäp Nne-t¸mÄ CXpt]mse
Aip`w Zmcn-{ZyZpxJmZn-Iw þ Zmcn{Zyw, ZpxJw XpS§nb
`mKytZmj
§fpw (DmIp-¶-p)
(34)
{ioISm-£-\n-ebx {]`p-cm-Vyþ
Ýn{X-h-kv{X-I-\-Im-`-c-ssWÝ
]mÀ°n-hm-]vX-_-lp-am-\-k-atÚm
 [194]

bm\-hn-¯-kp-X-hm-·-l-Zm-tJy.

alm-tbm-K-^ew
a-l-Zm-tJy þ alm-tbm-K¯n P\n-¨-h³
{ioISm-£-\n-ebx þ [\-hm³
{]`p þ {]`p-
B-Vy þ BVy³, t{ijvT³
Nn{X-h-kv{Xw I-\-Iw B`-c-ssWx Nþ `wKnbpÅ hkv{Xw,
kzÀ®m-`-c-W-§fpw
]mÀ°n-h B-]vX- _-lp-am-\-k-atÚm cmP_lpam\w
bm\ hn-¯- kp-X-hm³ þ hml\w, [\w, a¡Ä Ch-bp-Å-h³.

-(35)
eám-[n-]m-kvX-`-]-Xn-Øn-X-cm-in-\mYx
tkzm¨-kz-t`jp bZn tImW-N-Xp-jvS-bØx
tbmK-x k Im-lf CXn {]Xn-tXm f Y XZzXv
eám-[n-t]m f kvX-`-]-XnÀbZn ]Àh-Xm-Jyx
.
Iml-f--tbm-K-w
eám-[n-]- AkvX-`-]-Xn-þ eám[n]t\m Ggmw `mhm-
[n-]t\m
Øn-X-cm-in-\mYxþ \n¡p¶ cminbpsS -\m-Y³
tkzm¨-kz-t`jp þ kz´w D¨cminbntem kzt£{X¯ntem
\n¡pIbpw AXv
bZn tImW-N-Xp-jvS-bØx XntImWtam tI{µtam
BhpIbpwsNbvXmÂ
tbmK-Ê-Im-lf þ Iml-f-tbmKw.

]Àh-X-tbm-K-w
eám-[n-] A-kvX-`-]-XnÀ bZn þ eám-[n-]t\m Ggmw `mhm-[n-]t\m
C§s\ \n¶mÂ
]Àh-Xm-Jyx þ ]ÀhX-tbmKw.

(36)
hÀ²n-jvWp-cmcyx kpaXnx {]k¶x
t£awIcx Iml-ftPm \ram\yx
 [195]

ØncmÀ°-kuJyx Ønc-Im-cy-IÀ¯m
£nXo-izcx ]Àh-X-tbm-K-Pm-Xx.

Iml-f-tbm-K-^ew
Iml-ftPm þ Iml-f-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
hÀ²n-jvWpx -þ ]ptcm-K-Xn-bp-Å-h³
Bcyx þ t{ijvT³
kpaXnx þ \Ã _p²n (k-·-\-Êv) -D-Å-h³
{]k¶x þ {]k-¶³
t£aw-Icx þ t£aw sN¿p-¶-h³.
\ram\yx þ P\k½X\pw

]Àh-X-tbm-K-^ew
]Àh-X-tbm-K-Pm-Xx þ ]Àh-X-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
Ønc AÀ°-kuJyx þ Ønc-amb [\hpw kpJhpw DÅ-h³
Ønc-Im-cy-IÀ¯m þ ImcyØncX DÅ-h³
£nXo-izcx þ cmPmhv.
(37)
[À½-IÀ½-`-h-\m-[n-]Xo Zzu
kwbpXu aln-X-`m-h-KXu tNXv
cmP-tbmK CXn XZzn-Znl kymXv
tI{µ-tIm-W-]-bp-XnÀbZn iwJx.

cmP-tbmKw
[À½IÀ½`-h-\m-[n-]Xn Zzu þ {XntIm-W-amb H¼-Xv,tI{µ-
amb ]¯v
ChbpsS `mhm-[n-]-·mÀ c-pt]cpw Hcp-an¨v
kwbpXu aln-X-`m-h-KXuþ Hcp- cm-in-bn \n¶mÂ
cmP-tbmK CXn cmP-tbmKw F¶p ]d-bp-¶p.

iwJ-tbmKw
H¼-X,v ]¯v `mhm[n]cpsS IqsS
tI{µtIm-W-]bp-Xnx bZn þ aäp tI{µ (1-þ4-þ7-þ10) {XntIm-W
(1-þ5-þ9)
\m-Y-·mcpsS ØnXnIqSn
hcp¶psh-¦nÂ
 [196]

iwJx.þ iwJ-tbm-K-am-Ip-¶p.

(38)
t`coiwJ{]Wm-ssZÀ²r-X-ar-Zp-]SnImþ
Pm-X-hr-¯m-X-]t{Xm
lkvXyizmtµmfn-Im-ssZy-x kl aK-[-Ir-Xþ
-{]-kvXp-XnÀ`qan-]mex
\m\m-cq-t]m-]-lm-c-kv^p-cn-X-I-c-bpssKx
{]mÀ°n-X-x -kÖ-ss\x -kymþ
{ZmPm kymÑwJ-tbmtK _lp-h-c-h-\nXmþ
t`mK-k-¼-¯n-]qÀ®x.

cmP-tbm-K-^ew
cmPtbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³þþ
t`co iwJ {]Wm-ssZxþ s]cp-¼d, iwJv Ch-I-fpsS Bch§tfmsS
ar-Zp-]SnImPm-Xhr-¯m-X-]t{Xmþ arZp-hmb ]«p-sIm-p-m-¡nb
sh¬sIm-ä-¡p-S-¡o-gnÂ
lkvXn Aiz Btµmfn-Im-ssZyx þB\, IpXnc, ]áv XpS§nbhbpsS
AI¼SntbmsS
aK-[-Ir-X-{]-kvXp-XnÀ þ kvXpXn]mTIÀ ]mSp¶ kvXpXnItfmsS
\m\m-cq-t]m-]-lm-c-kv^p-cn-X-I-c-bpssKx {]mÀ°n-X-x kÖ-ss\xþ
hnhn[§fmb D]lmc§Ä tim`n¡p¶- ssIItfmsS sXmgpXp \n¡p¶
kÖ\§tfmSpIqSnb
`qan-]mex kymXv þ cmPmhmIpw.

iwJ-tbm-K-^ew
iwJ-tbmtK þ iwJtbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
_lp-h-c-h-\nXm þ hfsc t{ijvTh\n-X-I-tfmsS
t`mKk-¼-¯n-]qÀ®x þ kpJt`mK-k-¼-¯p-I-tfmSp Iq-Snb
cmPm kymXv þ cmPmhv BIpw.

(39)
kwJymtbmKmx k]vX-k-]vXÀ£-kwssØþ
tcIm-]mbmZzÃ-Io- Zm-a- ]mix
 [197]

tIZm-cmJy iqe-tbmtKm bp-Kw N

tKmf-Ým-\ym³ ]qÀh-ap-àm-³ hn-lm-b.

kwJymtbmK§Ä
k]vX k-]vXÀ£ -kwssØx þ G-gp {Kl§Ä 7 cmin-I-
fnembn \n¶mepw
GIm-]mbmXv þ 6,5,4,3,2,1 cmin-I-fn-
embn \n¶mepw
kwJymtbmKx þ kwJym-tbm-K-§-fm-Ip-¶p.
]qÀhw D-àm-³ hn-lm-b þ ap¼p ]dªh Ign¨v.
(t\cs¯ ]dª tbmK§sfm¶pw Csæn am{Xta kwJymtbmK§Ä ]
cnKWnt¡XpÅq F¶À°w.)

kwJymtbmK§Ä
7 {Kl-§Ä 7 cmin-bn þ hÃ-Io
- 7 {Kl-§Ä 6 cmin-bn þ Zm-a-
7 {Kl-§Ä 5 cmin-bn þ ]mi
7 {Kl-§Ä 4 cmin-bn þ tIZm-c
7 {Kl-§Ä 3 cmin-bn þ iqe
7 {Kl-§Ä 2 cmin-bn þ bp-K
7 {Kl-§Ä 1 cmin-bn þ tKmf-

(40)
hoWm-tbmtK \r¯-Ko-X-{]n-tbm f À°o (1)
Zmav\o XymKo `q]-Xn-tÝm-]-Imco
]mti t`mKo kmÀ°-k-Ño-e-_Ôpx
tIZm-cmtJy {ioIr-jn-t£-{X-bp-àx.

h-ÃIotbmK^ew
hoWm-tbmtK þ hoWm- (h-Ã-Io) tbmK¯n P\n-¨-h³
\r¯- Ko-X- {]n-tbm þ \r¯-hpw Ko-X-hpw {]n-bamb-h³
AÀ°o þ [\nI³

ZmatbmK^ew
Zmav\o þ ZmatbmK¯n P\n-¨-h³
 [198]

XymKo `q]-Xn- D]-Imco þ XymKn, cmPmhv, D]-Imcn.

]mitbmK^ew
]mti þ ]mitbmK¯n P\n-¨-h³
t`mKo þ kpJw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h³
kAÀ° kXvioe -_Ôpxþ[\w, kZvkz-`m-hw, _Ôp-¡Ä Ch DÅ-h³

tIZmctbmK^ew
tIZm-cmtJy þ tIZmctbmK¯n P\n-¨-h³
{io þ {io (sFizcyw)
Ir-jn-t£-{X þ Irjn-Øew-
bp-àx. þ Ch-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³

(1) AÀ°t`Zw:
AÀ°n¡p¶h\mWv AÀ°n. AÀ°n F¶m Bhiys¸Sp¶ h³, bmNI³
Fs¶ms¡ AÀ°w ]dbmw. AX\pkcn¨v sImÃw ]Xn¸n bmNI s\¶
AÀ°hpw sImSp¯ncn¡p¶p. F¶m ChnsS D]tbmKn¨n«pÅ aqe¯nÂ
Cu hm¡v AÀ°n bÃ, AÀ°obmWv. AÀ°apÅh³, [\nI³ F¶v AÀ°hpw
sImSp¯ncn¡p¶p. A¸w hocyw IpdhmsW¦nepw CsXmcp
`mKytbmKwXs¶bmWv. AXpsImv [\apÅh³ F¶ AÀ°w Xs¶bmWv
kµÀ`¯n\p tbmPn¡pI.

(41)
iqte lnw{kx t{Im[-iotem Zcn{Zx
]mjWvUo kymZv {Zhy-lot\m bpKmtJy
\nkzx ]m]o t¾Ñ-bpàx IpinÂ]o
tKmtf PmX-Ým-e-tkm f ¸m-bp-tch.

iqetbmK^ew
iqte þ iqetbmK¯n P\n-¨-h³
lnw{kx lnwkm-kz-`m-h-ap-Å-h³
t{Im[-iotem þ tZzjy-¡m-c³
Zcn{Zx þ Zcn-{Z³.

bpKtbmK^ew
bpKmtJy þ bpK-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
 [199]

]mjWvUo þ \mkvXn-I³
{Zhy-hy-lot\m þ {Zhy-w ([\w) CÃm¯h³

tKmftbmK^ew
tKmtfPmX þ tKmftbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
\nkzx þ Zcn-{Z³
]m]o þ ]m]n
t¾Ñ-bpàx þ ZpÀÖ\-kl-hmkw
IpinÂ]o þ No¯-in¸§Ä sN¿p-¶-h³
A-e-tkm þ Ae-k³
A¸m-bp-. þ A¸mbp-Êv
.
(42)
kussay-cn-tµmÀZyq\j{U-{Ô-kw-ssØþ
kvXZz-Ã-ám-Õw-ØnssXÀhm[n-tbmKx
t\Xm a{´n `q]Xnx kymXv {ItaW
JymXx {io-am³ ZoÀL-Pohn a\kzo.

A[n-tbmKw
C-tµmx þ N{µsâ
Zyq\ jUv c{Ô þ Ggv, Bdv-, F«v- Øm\-§-fnÂ
kussayx- kw-ssØ þ ip`-{K-l-§Ä (_p, Kp,- ip) \n¶mÂ,
hm þAsÃ-¦nÂ
XZzÃ-ámXv kw-ØnssXÀ þA{]-Imcw eámÂ-\n¶mepw,
A[n-tbmKx þA[n-tbm-K-am-Ip-¶p.

ta¸dª aq¶p `mh§fn H¶n ip`³ \n¶mÂ

t\Xm þ ssk\ym[n]\pw
cs®¯n \n¶m a{´n a{´nbpw
aq¶nepw \n¶m `q]Xn þ cmPmhpw
kymXv {ItaW þ BIpw.
(AbmÄ s]mXpsh)
JymXx þ {]kn-²\pw
{io-am³ þ {io-am\pw
ZoÀL-Pohn þ ZoÀLmbp-Êp-Å-h\pw
bi-kzo þ bi-Êp-Å-h\pw (BIpw.)
 [200]

hymJym\t`Zw : FÃm ip`{Kl§fpwIqSn Ggn \n¶m t\Xmhpw

Bdn \n¶m a{´nbpw F«n \n¶m cmPmhpamIpw F¶mWv
aebmf hymJym\ §fn ImWp¶Xv. A[ntbmKw Hcp {]
[m\tbmKambXn\m an¡hmdpw FÃm PmXI{KÙ§fnepw
{]Xy£s¸Sp¶pv. AXn bpàn¡p tNcp¶ ]£amWv ChnsS kzoIcn¨Xv.

(43)
A[n-tbm-K-`thm \tcizcx
Ønc-kw-]-Zv_-lp-_-Ôp-t]m-jIx
Aap\m cn]hx ]cm-Pn-Xmþ
Ýnc-am-bpÀÃ-`tX {]kn-²-Xmw.
A[n-tbmK^ew
A[n-tbm-K-`thm þ A[n-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
\tcizcx þ cmPmhpw
Ønc-kw-]-Zv þ Ønc-amb k¼¯p-Åh\pw
_-lp-_-Ôp-t]m-jI xþ hfsc _Ôp-¡sf klm-bn-¡p-¶-h\pw
cn]h ]cm-Pn-X þ tXm¸n-¡-s¸« i{Xp-¡-tfm-Sp-
Iq-Sn-b-h\pw Bbncn¡pw
Nnc-am-bp þ (Ah\v) ZoÀLm-bpÊpw
{]kn-²-Xmw þ {]kn²nbpw
e`tX þ e`n¡pIbpw sN¿pw.

Nma-cm-Zn -Zzm-Z-i -tbm-K-§Ä

(44)
`mssh-x ku-ay-bp-tX-£n-ssX-kvX-Z-[n-ss]x
kpØm-\-ssKÀ`m-kzsscx
tkzm¨-kzÀ£-K-ssXÀhn-e-á-`-h-\mþ
tZymKmx {IamXv ZzmZi
kwÚm-Ým-a-c-t[-\p-iucyPe-[nþ
Ñ{Xm-kv{X-Im-am-kp-cm
`mKy-Jym-Xn-kp-]m-cn-Pm-X-ap-k-emþ
kvXssÚ-cyYm IoÀ¯nXmx.

`mh¯n\pw `mhm[n]\pw _eaps¦nÂ

 [201]

Nma-cm-Zn- Zzm-Z-i-tbm-K-§Ä

`mssh- ku-ay-bp-tX Cu£n-ssX þ

`mh-§fn kuay-{KlØnXn, kuay-{KlZrjvSn,
-X-Z-[n-ss] kpØm-\-ssKx þ `mhm-[n-]-Xn-IÄ¡v kpØm-\-ØnXn
`m-kzsscx civan-_ew
tkzm¨ kzÀ£- K-ssXxþ kz´w D¨w, kzt£{Xw Ch-bn ØnXnþ
Ch-sbm-¯p-h-¶mÂ
hn-e-á-`-h-\mXv þ eáw-ap-X¡pÅ (]{´p `mh-§Ä¡p)
ZzmZitbmKmx þ ]{´p tbmK-§Ä.
kwÚmþ (Ah-bpsS) t]cp-IÄ
{IamXv þ {Ia-¯n (]-d-bp-¶p.)-
1. Nmac þ Nm-a-ctbmKw
2. -t[-\p- þ t[-\ptbmKw
3. -iucy- þ iucytbmKw
4. Pe-[n þ Pe-[ntbmKw
5. O{X þ O{XtbmKw
6. Akv{X þ Akv{XtbmKw-
7. Im-a- þ Im-a-tbmKw
8. Bkpc þ BkpctbmKw
9. `mKy- þ `mKy-tbmKw
10. Jym-Xn þ Jym-XntbmKw
11. ]m-cn-Pm-X-- þ ]m-cn-Pm-XtbmKw
12. ap-k-e þ ap-k-etbmKw

(45)
{]Xylw {hPXn hr²n-ap-Z{Kmw
ip¢-N{µ Ch tim`-\-ioex
IoÀ¯n-am³ P\-]-Xn-Ýn-c-Pohn
{io\n-[nÀ`-hXn Nma-c-Pm-Xx.

Nma-c-tbm-K-^ew (eáw, eám[n]³)

Nma-c-Pm-Xxþ Nma-c-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
ip¢-N{µ Ch þ shfp¯]£-¯nse N{µ-s\-t¸mse
 [202]

{]Xylw hr²n-ap-Z{Kmw {hPXn þ Zn\w-{]XnA`n-hr²n {]m]n-¡p-

¶p.
tim`-\-ioexþ \Ã kz`m-h-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³
IoÀ¯n-am³þ {]i-kvX³
P\-]-Xn þ cmPm-hv, t\Xmhv-
Nn-c-Pohn þ Z oÀLm-bp-Êp-Å-h³
{io\n-[nx þ sFizcyhm³
`-hXn þ BIp-¶p.

(46)
km¶-]m-\-hn-`-thm-f Jn-e-hn-Zymþ
]pjvI-tem -f [n-I-Ip-Spw-_-hn-`qXnx
tla-c-Xv\-[-\-[m-\y-k-art²m
cmP-cmP Ch cmPXn t[\u.

t[\p-tbm-K-^ew (c-mw-`m-hw, c-mw-`m-hm[n-]-Xn)

t[\u þ t[\p-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
km¶-]m-\-hn-`-thm- þ A¶]m\hn`h§tfmSp IqSnbh³
AJn-ehnZym]pjvI-tem-þ FÃm -hn-ZyIfpw Adnªh³
A[n-I- Ip-Spw-_hn-`qXnxþ hÀ²n¨ IpSpw-_ -sFizcyt¯mSp-
Iq-Sn-bh³
tlac-Xv\[-\[m-\yk-art²mþ kzÀ®w, cXv\w, [\w, [m\yw
ChbpsS kar²ntbmsS
cmP-cmP Ch cmPXnþ N{I-hÀ¯nsbt¸mse hncm-Pn-¡p-¶p.

(47)
IoÀ¯n-a-Ûn-c-\p-ssP-c-`n-jvSp-ssXÀþ
ÃmfntXm aln-X-hn-{I-a-bpàx
iucytPm `hXn cma Chmku
cmP-Im-cy-\n-ctXm -f Xnb-i-kzo.
-
iucy-tbm-K-^ew (aq¶mw`mhw, aq¶mw`mhm[n]Xn)
iucytPm iucy-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
cma Ch Aku þ {iocmas\t¸mse
IoÀ¯n-a-Xv`nx- A`njvSpssXx A\p-ssPx - emfntXmþ IoÀ¯n-am-·m-
cpw
 [203]

kvXpXn¡s¸Sp¶hcpamb A\p-P-·m-cm tkhn¡s¸Spw.

aln-X- hn-{I-a-bpàx þ henb hn{Iaimenbpw
cmP-Im-cy-\n-ctXm þ cmPy-Im-cy-\n-c-X\pw
AXnb-i-kzo, `hXn þ hfsc {]kn-²\pw BIpw.

(48)
tKmk-¼-²-\-[m-\y-tim`nkZ\w _Ôp-{]-]qÀ®w hcþ
kv{Xoc-Xv\mw-_-c-`q-j-Wm\n aln-X-Øm\w N kÀthm-¯aw
{]m]vt\m-Xyw-_p-[ntbm-KPx Ønc-kp-tJm- l-kvXy-iz-bm-\m-
ZntIm
cmtPtUym ZznP-tZ-h-Im-cy-\n-cXx Iq]-{]-]m-Ir-Xv ]-Yn.

Pe-[n-tbm-K-^ew (\memw`mhw, \memw`mhm[n]Xn)

Aw-_p-[n-tbm-KPx þ Pe-[n-tbm-K¯n P\n-¨-h³
tKmk-¼Zv [-\-[m-\ytim`n(X)þ ]ip-¡-Ä, k¼¯v, [\-[m-\y-§Ä
XpS§nb-h-bm tim`n¡p¶,
_Ôp-{]-]qÀ®w kZ\w þ _Ôp-¡Ä \ndª hoSv
hckv{Xoc-Xv\ Aw-_-c`q-j-Wm\n þD¯akv{Xo-IÄ,cXv\-§Ä,
h{P-§Ä, B`-c-W-§Ä XpS§n
kÀthm-¯aw FÃmw-sImpw D¯aamb
aln-X-Øm\w N {]m]vt\mXn t{ijvTambØm-\w {]m]n-¡p-¶p.
Ønc-kp-tJm- F¶pw kuJyw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶p.
l-kvXn Aiz- bm-\m-ZntIm B\,IpXnc,hml\wXpS-§n-
bhtbmSp-Iq-Snb
cmtPtUym cmP-{]-ap-J³.
ZznP- tZ-h- Im-cy- \n-cXx {_mÒWtZ-h-Imcy-§-fn X¸-c³.
Iq] ]-Yn -{]-]m-Ir-Xv hgn-bn InWÀ, X®oÀ¸-´Â
F¶nh \nÀ½n¨p \ÂIp-¶-h³.
(49)
kpkwkm-c-`m-Kyky k´m-\-e£vaoþ
\nhmtkm bikzo kp`mjo a\ojo
AamtXym alo-iky ]qtPym [\mVyx
kv^pc-¯o-£vW-_p-²nÀ`thÑ{X-tbm-tK.

O{X-tbm-K-^ew (A©mw`mhw, A©mw`mhm[n]Xn)

`th O{X-tbm-tK þ O{X-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
 [204]

kzkwkm-c-`m-Kyky þ euIn-I-`m-Ky§fmb
k´m-\-e£vao\nhmk þ k´m\w, k¼¯vChbv¡v
Ccn-¸n-Sambh³.
bikzo þ bikzn
kp`mjo þ \ÃXp kwkm-cn-¡p-¶-h³
a\ojo þ _p²nam³
AamtXym þ a{´n
alo-iky ]qtPym þ cmPm-hn\mÂ_lp-am-\n-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-h³
[\mVyx þ [\m-Vy³
Xo-£vW-_p-²nkv^pc- Xo£vW_p²n-iàn kv^pcn-¡p-¶-h³.

(50)
i{Xq³ _en-jvTm³ _e-h-¶n-Krly
{Iqc-{]-hrXym kln-tXm-f`n-am\n
{hWm-¦n-Xmw-KÝ hnhm-Z-Imco
kymZkv{XtbmtK ZrV-Km-{X-bp-àx.

Akv{X-tbm-K-^ew (Bdmw`mhw, Bdmw`mhm[n]Xn)

Akv{XtbmtK -þ Akv{XtbmK¯n P\n-¨-h³
_en-jvTm³i{Xq³_e-h-³\n-Krlyþ _ehm·-mcmb i{Xp-¡sf
_ewsImp h[n-¡p¶-h³
{Iqc-{]-hrXym kln-tXmþ {Iqc-{]-hr¯nIÄ sN¿p-¶-h-³
-A`n-am\n þ A`n-am\n
{hWm-¦n-Xmw-KÝ þ tZl¯p apdn-¸m-tSm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³
hnhm-Z-Imco þ hn-hm-Z-§-fp-m-¡p-¶-h³
ZrV-Km-{X-bp-àx. þ Dd¨ ico-c-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³
kymXv þ BIp-¶p.

(51)
]c-Zm-c-]-cm-MvaptJm `thþ
Zzc-Zm-cm-ß-P-_-Ôp-kw-{inXx
P\-Im-Z[nIx ipss`ÀKp-ssWÀþ
al-\obmw {inb-taXn Ima-Px.

Ima-tbm-K-^ew (Ggmw `mhw, Ggmw`mhm[n]Xn)

 [205]

Ima-Px. þIma-tbm-K-¯n³ P\n-¨-h³

]c-Zm-c- ]-cm-MvaptJm þA\y-sâ `mcy-bn Xm¸-cy-an-Ãm-
¯-h\pw
hc-Zm-c Bß-P- _-Ôp-kw-{inXxþD¯abmb `mcy, a¡Ä, _Ôp-¡Ä
F¶n-htcmSpIqSnbh\pw
P\-Im-Z[nIx ipt`mÀKp-ssWxþ AÑ-t\-¡mÄ A[nIw ip`Kp-W§Ä DÅ-
h\pw
al-\obmw {inb-taXn þ hfsc sFizcyapÅh\pw
`thXv þ Bbncn¡pw.

(52)
l´y\y-Imcyw ]nip\x kzImcyþ
]tcm Z-cn-{ZÝ Zpcm{Klo kymXv
kzbw-Ir-Xm-\À°-]-c¼cmÀ¯x
IpIÀ½-Ir-¨m-kp-c-tbm-K-PmXx.
Bkp-c-tbm-K-^ew (F«mw`mhw, F«mw`mhm[n]Xn)
Bkp-c-tbm-K-PmXx þ Bkp-c-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
l´n A\y-Imcyw þaäp-Å-h-cpsS Imcyw apS-¡p-¶h³
]nip\x þ \pW- ]d-bp-¶h³
kzImcy]tcm þ kzmÀ°o
Z-cn-{Z þ Zcn-{Z³
Zpcm{Klo þ AXym-{Kln
kzbw-Ir-Xm-\À°-]-c¼cm-À¯x þ kzbw-Ir-Xm\À°-§-fpsS
]c-¼-c-bm ZpJn-¡p-¶-h³
IpIÀ½-Ir-Xv þ ZpjvI-À½-§Ä sN¿-p¶-h³-
kymXv þ BIp-¶p.

(53)
N©-¨m-a-c-hm-Zy-tLm-j-\n-_n-Umþ
amtµm-fnImw imizXow
e£vaow {]m]y alm-Pss\x IrX-\pXnx
kym²À½-amÀt¤- ØnXx
{]oWm-tXyj ]nXr³ kpcm³ ZznP-K-Wm³
X¯Xv {]nssbx ]qPss\x
kzmNm-cx -kz-Ip-tem-Zz-l- kp-lr-Zbx
kymZv `mKy-tbm-tKm-Û-hx.
 [206]

`mKy-tbm-K-^ew (H¼Xmw`mhw, H¼Xmw`mhm[n]Xn)

`mKy-tbm-tKm-Û-h þ`mKytbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
N©-¨m-a-c þNen-¡p¶ Nma-c-§tfmsS
hm-Zy-tLm-j- þhm-Zy-tLm-j-§tfmsS
Btµm-fnImw þ]Ã-¡ntedn k©cn¡p¶h³
imizXow e£vanw þ\in¡m¯ sFizcyt¯mSpIqSnbh³
alm-Pss\ IrX-\Xnxþalm-P-\-§-fm \a-kvI-cn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-h³
[À½-amÀt¤-ØnXx þ[mÀ½nI³
]nXr³ kpcm³ ZznP-K-Wm³ þ ]nXr-¡Ä,tZh-·mÀ, {_mÒ-WÀChsc
X¯Â{]nssb ]qPss\x {]oWm-tXyjp þ AhchÀ¡p {]nb-s¸« ]qP-
IÄ sImv kt´m-jn-¸n-¡p-¶-h³
kzmNm-c- kz´w BNmcImcy§fn \njvTbpÅh³
kzIp-temZzl- þ Xsâ hwis¯ \bn¡p¶h³
kp-lr-Zbx þ \Ã a\ÊpÅh³
kymXv BIp-¶p.

(54)
kÂ{Inbmw kI-e-tem-I-k--½Xmþ
amN-c-¶-hXn kÖ-\m-¶r]x
]p{X-an-{X-[-\-Zm-c-`m-Ky-hm³
JymXntPm `hXn temI-hn-{ipXx

JymXn-tbm-K-^ew (]¯mw`mhw, ]¯mw`mhm[n]Xn

JymXntPm þ JymXn-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
kI-e-tem-Ik--½Xm þ temI-k-½-X-amb
kÂ{Inbmw BN-c-³ þ kXvIÀ½§Ä sN¿p-¶-h³
AhXn kÖ-\m¶r]xþ kÖ-\-§sfkwc-£n-¡p¶cmPmhv’
]p{Xan-{X-[-\ Zm-c `m-Ky-hm³þ ]p{X-·mÀ-, kplr-¯p-¡Ä, [\w-,
`mcy Ch-sb-Ãm-wsImpw -`m-Ky-
hm\pw
temI-hn-{ipXx.þ- temI-{]-kn-²\pw
`hXn þ BIp-¶p.

(55)
\nXy-aw-K-f-bpXx ]rYn-hoix
 [207]

k©n-XmÀ°-\n-N-bx k-Ip-Spw_o
kXv¡-Ym-{i-h-W-`-àn-c-`ntÚm
]mcn-Pm-X-P-\\x in-h-Xm-Xn.

]mcn-Pm-X-tbm-K-^ew (]Xns\m¶mw `mhw, ]

Xns\m¶mw`mhm[n]Xn)
]mcn-Pm-X-P-\-\ þ ]mcn-Pm-X-tbm-K-¯n P\n-
¨-h³
\nXy-aw-K-f-bpXx þ Øncamb t{ib-tÊm-Sp-Iq-Sn-
b-h³
]rYn-hoix þ cmPmhv
k©n-XmÀ°-\n-N-b þ Iq«n-sh¨ [\-t¯mSpw-
kIp-Spw_o þ IpSpw-_-t¯mSpw IqSnb-h³
kXv¡-Ym-{i-h-W-`-àn-x þ k¡-Y-IÄ tIÄ¡p-¶-XnÂ
{i²-bp-Å-h³
A`ntÚm þ hnZzm³.
inhXmXn þ ip`w sN¿p¶h³

(56)
Ir{O-e-_v[-[-\-hm³ ]cn-`qtXm
teme-k¼-Zp-Nn-X-hy-b-ioex
kzÀ¤-tah e`tX f ´yZ-imbmw
PmÂatIm apk-eP-Ý-]-eÝ.

apk-e-tbmK^ew (]{´mw`m-hw, ]{´mw-`m-hm[n-]-Xn)

apk-eP þapk-e-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³-
Ir{O-e-_v[[-\-hm³ þIjvS-s¸«p k¼m-Zn¨[\-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³
]cn-`qtXm þ\nµn-X³, Aham\n¡-s¸-«-h³
teme-kw-]-Xv þDd¸nÃm¯ (\ne\n¸nÃm¯)
k¼-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³
D-Nn-Xhy-b-ioex þ thXn\pam{Xw Nnehp sN¿p-¶-h³
A´yZ-imbmwkzÀ¤-tahe`tX þAh-km\Ime¯v
kzÀ¤wXs¶ e`n¡p¶p.
PmÂatIm Ahn-th-In-
-N]-eÝ þ N]-e\pw (BIpw.)
 [208]

(57)
ZpssØ `mh-Kr-tl-izssc ip`-kwþ
bptà-£n-ssXÀhm {Iamþ
Zv`msshx kypkvXz-h-tbm-K-\n-kz-ar-Xbx
kwÚm Iplpx ]macx
lÀtjm ZpjvIr-Xn-cn-Xy-Ym]n kctfm
\nÀ`m-Ky-Zp-tcym-KIu
tbmKm-±zm-Z-itXm Zcn-{Z-hn-ate
t{]màm hn]-Ýn-Ö-ss\x.

Ah-tbm-KmZn ZzmZi tbmK-§Ä

`mh-Kr-tl-izssc ZpssØ þ `mhm-[n-]À¡p ZpØm-\ØnXn
Aip`-kwbptà C£n-ssXÀþ ]m]-tbmKw, ]m]-ZrjvSn
hm þ AsÃ-¦nÂ
{IamXv þ AXp-t]mse
`msshx þ `mh-§-fn ]m]-ØnXn, ]m]-
ZrjvSn
kypkvXp þ C§s\ h¶m 12 tbmK§Ä:-þþ
1. Ah-tbm-K- þ Ah-tbmKw -
2 \n-kz- þ \n-kz-tbmKw
3 ar-Xbx þ ar-XntbmKw
4 Iplpx þ IplptbmKw
5 ]macx þ ]mactbmKw
6 lÀj þ lÀjtbmKw
7 ZpjvIr-Xn þ ZpjvIr-XntbmKw-
8 kcf þ kcftbmKw
9 \nÀ`mKy þ \nÀ`mKytbmKw
10 Zp-tcym-K þ Zp-tcym-KtbmKw
11 Zcn-{Z þ Zcn-{Z-tbmKw
-12 hn-ae þ hna-e-tbmKw.

(58)
A{]-kn-²nc-Xn-Zp-Ê-l-ssZ\yx
kz¸-am-bp-c-]-am-\-a-kZv`nx
kwbpXx IpN-cnXx IpX\px kymþ-
¨-©-e-Øn-Xn-cn-lm-]y-h-tbm-tK.
 [209]

Ah-tbm-K^ew
(eáw, eám[n-]³)
Ah-tbm-tK -þ Ah-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
A{]-kn-²n þ Adnbs¸Sm¯h³ --
AXn-Zp-Ê-l ssZ\yx þhfsc ZpÊ-l-amb -Zo\-X-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³
kz¸-am-bp- þ A¸m-bpÊv
A]-am-\-a-kZv`nxþ Ak-¯p-¡-fnÂ\n¶pw A]-am\w
kwbpX IpN-cnXx þ Zpkz-`m-hnIfpambn Iq«psI«v
IpX\px þ hncq]n
N©-e-Øn-Xn þ AØn-cX
kymXv þ BIp-¶p.
(59)
kph-N-\-iqt\ym hn^-e-Ip-Spw_x
IpP-\k-amPx IpZ-i-\-N£px
aXn-kp-X-hn-Zym-hn-`hhnlot\m
cn]p-lr-X-hn¯x {]`-hXn \ntkz.

\nkz-tbm-K^ew (c-mw-`m-hw, cmw-`m-hm-[n-]-Xn)

\ntkz þ \nkz-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
kph-N-\-iqt\ym þ \Ã hm¡p ]d-bm-¯-h³
hn^-e-Ip-Spw_x þ IpSpw-_-kp-J-an-Ãm-¯-h³
IpP-\-k-amPx þ No¯ Bfp-IfpsS Iq«p-sI«v
IpZ-i-\-N£px þ ]Ãn\pw I®n\pw XI-cmdv
aXn-kp-X-hn-Zym-hn-`hhnlot\m þ _p²n,a¡Ä,hnZy,hn`hwCÃm-¯-
h³
cn]p-lr-X-hn¯x þ i{Xp-¡Ä IhÀ¶ hn¯-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³.

(60)
Acn-]-cn-`qXx kl-P-hn-lot\m
a\kn hnetÖm lX-_-e-hn¯x
A\p-Nn-X-IÀ½m {ia-]-cn-Jnt¶m
hnIr-Xn-KpWx kymZnXn arXn-tbm-tK.

arXn-tbm-K^ew (aq-¶mw-`m-hw, aq¶mw-`m-hm-[n-]-Xn)

arXn-tbm-tK þ arXn-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
 [210]

Acn-]-cn-`qXx þ i{Xp-¡-fm Ah-am-\n-¡-s¸-«-h³

kl-P-hn-lot\m þ ktlm-Z-c-cn-Ãm-¯-h³
a\kn hnetÖm þ a\-Ên eÖ-bn-Ãm-¯-h³
lX-_-e-hn¯x þ _ehpw [\hpw \in-¨-h³
A\p-Nn-X-IÀ½m þ DNn-X-a-Ãm¯ IÀ½-§Ä sN¿p-¶-h³
{ia-]-cn-Jnt¶m þ A²m-\w-sImp £oWn-¨-h³
hnIr-Xn-KpWx þ hn]-co-X-kz`mhKp-W-§-tfm-
Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³.

(61)
amXr-hm-l-\-kp-l-r-Õp-J-`qjm
_Ôp-`n-Àhnc-lnXx ØnXn-iq\yx
Øm\-am-{in-X-a-t\\ lXw kymXv
Ipkv{Xn-bm-a-`n-cXx Iplp-tbm-tK.

Iplp-tbm-K-^e#w (\memw-`m-hw, \memw-`m-hm-[n-]-Xn)

Iplp-tbm-tK þ Iplp-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
amXrhm-l-\kp-l-rXv þ amXmhv , hml\w, -kplr-¯p-¡Ä-
kp-J `qjm _Ôp-`n-x þ kpJw, -B`-c-W-§Ä, _Ôp-¡Ä
hnc-lnX þ F¶nh CÃm-¯-h³
ØnXn-iq\yx þ ØnXn (sXm-gnÂ)- CÃm-¯-h³
Øm\-am-{in-X-a-t\\ lXwþ B{i-b-Øm\w \jvS-s¸-«-h³
Ipkv{Xn-bm-a-`n-cXx þ No¯- kv{Xo-I-fn Xm¸-cy-ap-Å-h³

(62)
ZpxJ-Po-hy-\r-X-hm-K-hn-thIo
h©tIm arX-kp-tXm –f ]y-\-]Xyx
\mkvXn-tImfÂ]-IpP-\w- `-P-tXf ku
Lkvatcm `hXn ]ma-c-tbm-tK.

]ma-c-tbmKw (A©mw`m-hw, A©mw-`m-hm-[n-]-Xn)

]ma-c-tbm-tK þ ]ma-c-tbm-K¯n P\n-¨-h³
ZpxJ-Po-hn þ ZpJnX³
A\r-X-hm-Iv þ AkXyw ]d-bp-¶-h³
-Ahn-thIo þ Ahn-thIn
h©tIm þ h©-I³
 [211]

arX-kp-X A]n A-\-]Xyx þ a¡Ä DmhmXncn¡pI, D-

mbm¯s¶ acn¨pt]mhpI.
\mkvXn-tIm þ \mkvXn-I³
AÂ]- IpP-\w-`-P-tcku þ A¸-tcbpw ZpÀÖ-\-§-tfbpw
tkhn-¡p-¶-h³
LkvXtcm þ Xoä-s¡m-Xn-b³, AXymÀ¯n

(63)
kpJ-t`m-K-`m-Ky-Zr-V-Km-{X-kw-bptXm
\nlXm-lntXm `hXn ]m]-`o-cpIx
{]Yn-X-{]-[m-\-P-\-h-Ãt`m [\þ
ZypXn-an-{X-IoÀ¯nkpX-hmwÝ lÀjPx.

lÀj-tbm-K^ew (Bdmw`m-hw, Bdmw-`m-hm-[n-]-Xn)

lÀjPx. þ lÀj-tbm-K-¯n³ P\n-¨-h³
kpJ-t`m-K þ kpJ-t`m-K-§Ä
`m-Ky þ `m-Kyw
-Zr-V-Km-{X þ Icp¯pÅ icocw
kw-bptàm þ Ch-bp-Å-h³
\nln-Xm-lntXm þ CjvS-an-Ãm-¯-hsc, i{Xp¡sf,
Iog-S¡p-¶-h³
]m]-`o-cpIx þ ]m]w-sN-¿p¶ Imcy-¯n `ocp
{]Yn-X-{]-[m-\-P-\-h-Ãt`m þ {]kn-²-cpw{][m-\n-
IfpambhcpsS \mb-I³
[\ZypXn-an-{XIoÀ¯nkpX-hm³ N [\hpw Im´nbpw an{X§fpw
IoÀ¯nbpwa¡-fpw D-Å-h\pw
`hXn þ BIp-¶p.

(64)
kz]-Xv\o-hn-tbmKw ]c-kv{Xo-c-Xo-Ñmw
Zpcm-tem-I-a-²zm\-k-©m-c-hr¯nx
{]ta-lm-Zn- Kp-lym-À-¯n-apÀho-i-]oUmw
htZ-±p-jvIrXu _Ôp-[n-¡m-c-tim-Iw.
 [212]

ZpjvIr-Xn-tbm-K^ew
(Ggmw`m-hw, Ggmw-`m-hm-[n-]-Xn)
Zp-jvIrXu þ ZpjvIr-Xn-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
kz]-Xv\o-hn-tbmKw þ `mcym-hn-tbmKw
]c-kv{Xo-c-Xo- þ ]ckv{Xo _Ôw
Zpcm-tem-I þ ImgvNiàn Ipdhv
A-²zm\- þ A²m\w
k-©m-c-hr¯nx þ bm{Xmt¢iw
{]ta-lm-Zn þ {]talw XpS§nbh
-Kp-lym-À-¯n þ KplytcmKw
-DÀho-i-]oUmw þ cmPtIm]w
_Ôp-[n-¡m-c-tim-Iw. þ _Ôp¡Ä [n¡cn¨Xnsâ ZpJw

(65)
ZoÀLm-bp-jvam³ ZrV-a-Xn-c-`bx
{ioam³ hnZym-kp-J-[-\-k-lnXx
kn²m-cwt`m PnX-cn-]p-c-atem
hnJym-XmJyx {]`-hXn kc-tf.

kc-f-tbm-K^ew (F«mw`mhw, F«mw`mhm[n]Xn)

kc-tf þ kc-f-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
ZoÀLm-bp-jvam³ þ ZoÀLm-bpÊv
ZrV-a-Xn- þ ZrV-_p²n
A-`bx þ `b-an-Ãm-¯-h³
{ioam³ þ {ioam³
hnZym- kp-J [-\ k-lnXxþ hnZy, kpJw, -[\w Ch-bp-Å-h³
kn²m-cwt`m þ XpS-§p-¶-sXÃmw t\Sp-¶-h\pw
PnX-cn-]p- i{Xp-¡sf Pbn-¡p-¶-h³
A-atem þ \nÀ½-e³
hnJym-XmJyx {]kn-²³
{]`-hXn (F¶n§s\) hncmPn¡p-¶p.
(66)
]n{XmÀÖnXt£{X-Kr-lm-Zn-\m-i-I-rXv
km[q³ Kpcq³ \nµXn [À½-hÀÖnXx
{]Xv\m-Xn-PoÀ®mw-_-c-`r¨ ZpÀ¤tXm
\nÀ`m-Ky-tbmtK _lp-ZpxJ`mP-\x.
 [213]

\nÀ`mKy-tbm-K^ew (H¼Xmw`mhw, H¼Xmw `mhm[n]Xn)

\nÀ`m-Ky-tbmtK þ \nÀ`m-Ky-tbmK¯n P\n-¨-h³
]n{XmÀÖnX t£{X-Kr-lm-Zn \m-i-I-rXvþ
]nXmhp k¼m-Zn¨ Øew, hoSv XpS-§n-bh- \in-¸n-¡p-¶-h³
km[q³ Kpcq³ \nµXn þ
kÖ\§tfbpw Kpcp-\m-Y-·m-tcbpw \nµn-¡p-¶-h³
[À½-hÀÖnXx þ A[mÀ½nI³
{]Xv\m-Xn-PoÀ®mw-_-c-`r¨þ]g-In-¡o-dnb hkv{X-§Ä [cn-¡p-¶-h³
ZpÀ¤tXm þ KXn-sI-«-h³
_lp-ZpxJ`mP-\x. þ hfsc ZpJ-§-Ä¡p ]m{Xambh³

(67)
ico-c-{]-bmsskx IrXw IÀa b¯Zvþ
{htP-¶n-jv^-eXzw eLpXzw Pt\jp
P\-t{Zm-l-Imco kzIp-£nw`cnx kymþ
ZP{kw {]hmko N Zptcym-K-Pm-Xx.

Zptcym-K-^ew (]¯mw`m-hw, ]¯mw`m-hm-[n-]-Xn)

Zptcym-K-Pm-Xx þ Zptcym-K-¯n P\n-¨h³
ico-c-{]-bmsskx ...¶n-jv^-eXzwþ
sN¿p¶Imcy-§sfÃmw \n-jv^-e-am-bn-t¸m-Ipw.
eLpXzw Pt\jp P\-§Ä¡p aXn¸pmhpIbnÃ
P\-t{Zm-l-Imco þ P\-t{Zmln
kzIp-£nw`cnx þ kz´w hbÀ \nd-bv¡p-¶ Imcy¯n-Â
am{Xw Xm¸cyapÅh³
AP{kw {]hmko þ F¶pw A\y\m«nÂ
hknt¡nhcp¶h³

(68)
EW-{KkvX Dt{Km Zcn-{Zm-{K-KtWym
`thXv IÀ-®-tcmKo N ku{`m-{X-lo\x
AIm-cy-{]-hr¯o ckm-`m-k-hmZo
]c-t{]-jyIx kym±-cn-{Zm-Jy-tbm-tK.
 [214]

Zcn-{Z-tbm-K^ew (]Xns\m¶mw`m-hw, ]Xns\m¶mw`m-hm-[n-]-

Xn)
Z-cn-{Zm-Jy-tbm-tK þ Zcn-{Z-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
EW-{KkvX IS-s¡-Wn-bn s]«-h³
Dt{Km D{Kkz`mhw
Zcn-{Zm-{K-KtWym þ AXn-Z-cn-{Z-³
IÀ-®-tcmKo N þ IÀ-®-tcmKn
ku{`m-{X-lo\x þ \Ã -k-tlm-Z-c-·m-cn-Ãm-¯-h\pw
AIm-cy-{]-hr¯oþ thm-¯- Imcy-§-fn sN¶pNmSp-¶-h-\pw.
ckm-`m-k-hmZo þ I]S\mSy¡mc³
]c-t{]-jyIx þ aäpÅhcpsS Zmkythe sN¿p¶h³

(69)
In-©n-Zzytbm `qcn-[-\m-`n-hr²nw
{]bm-Xybw kÀh-P-\m-\p-Iqeyw
kpJo kzXt{´m al-\o-b-hr-¯nÀþ
KpssWx {]XotXm hna-tem-Û-hx kymXv

hna-e-tbm-K-^ew
(]{´mw`m-hw, ]{´mw`m-hm-[n-]-Xn)
hna-tem-Û-h þ hna-e-tbm-K-¯n P\n-¨-h³
In-©n-Xv hytbm þ Nnehp Ipdhv (hyb`mhw
A\pIqew)
`qcn-[-\m-`n-hr²nw þ hfsc [\m-`n-h-r²n
kÀh-P-\m-\p-Iqeyw þ kÀhcptSbpw B\pIqeyw
kpJo þ kpJw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h³
kzXt{´m þ kzX-{´³
al-\o-b-hr-¯n þ al\obamb Imcy§Ä sN¿p-¶-h³
KpssWx {]XotXm þ kZvKp-W-§Ä¡p t]cp tI«-h³.

(70)
On-{Zm-cn-hy-b-\m-bImx {]_-eKmx
tI{µ-{Xn-tIm-Wm{inXm
eá-thym-a-N-XpÀ°-`m-Ky-]-Xbx
jUvc{Ô-cnx-^-ØnXmx
\nÀhocym hnK-X-{]`m bZn XZm
 [215]

ZptcymK Gh kvarXþ
kvXZvhykvtX kXn tbmK-hm³ \c-]-XnÀþ
`q]x kpJo [mÀ½n-Ix.

Hcp ZptcymKhpw ktZymKhpw

1. ZptcymKw
On{Z Acn hy-b- \m-bImx {]_-eKmx þ 8, 6, 12 `mh-\m-Y-·mÀ {]_e-
cmbn
tI{µ-{Xn-tIm-WB{inXm þ tI{µw (1,4,7,10) {XntIm-Ww (5, 9)
Ch-bn \n¡pIbpw
eá-thym-a-N-XpÀ°`m-Ky]-Xbxþeáw, ]¯v, \mev-, H¼Xv `mhm-[n-]-
·mÀ
\nÀhocym hnK-X-{]`m ØnXmx þ ZpÀº-e-cmbn, civan _e-an-
ÃmsX
jUv c{Ô-cn-^ þ Bdv, ]{´v-, F«v Cu `mh-§-fnÂ
\n¡pIbpw sNbvXmÂ
ZptcymK Gh kvarX AsXmcp ZptcymKamWv
2.ktZymKw
XZv -hytkvX kXn CXn¶p hn]-co-X-ambn þþZpØm\
\mY·-mÀ ZpÀºecmbn ZpØm\§fnepw tI{µ{XntImW\mY·mÀ
_ehm·-mcmbn tI{µ{XntImW§fnepw \n¶mÂ
tbmK-hm³ þ `mKyhm³
[\-]-XnÀ þ [\-hm³
`q] þ cmPmhv
kpJo þ kpJ-ap-Å-h³
[mÀ½n-Ix. þ [mÀ½nI³


A²ymbw 7 þ kzXxkn²cmPtbmK§Ä
cmP-hwi-¯n P\n-¡p-¶-hÀ¡pÅ cmPtbmK§sf¡pdn¨mWv C\n
]dbp-¶Xv. ]mc-¼cycmPm-¡-·mcnÃm¯ C¡m-e¯v kmlNcyw hgntbm
 [216]

kz{]-b-Xv\w-sImtm h¶p tNcm-hp¶ A[n-Im-chpw k¼¯pw kpJ-§fpw

Cu tbmK§sf-sImp Nn´n-¡-Ww.

(1)
{XymssZyx tJssSx tkzm¨ssKx tI{µ-kwssØx
kzÀ£-ssØÀhm `q]Xnx kymXv {]kn²x
]©m-ssZy-kvssX-c-\y-hw-i-{]-kqtXmf þ
]ypÀÆo-\mtYm hmc-Wm-izu-L-bp-àx.

tbmKw 1
(Hcp PmXI¯nÂ)
{XymssZy tJssSx -þ aqt¶m \mtem {Kl-§Ä
D¨ssK hm kzÀ£-ssØþ D¨¯ntem kzt£{X¯ntem
\n¡pIbpw
tI{µ-kwssØ þ B cminIÄ tI{µ-w (1þ4þ7þ10)
BhpIbpw
sN¿pI (A§ns\ h¶m AbmÄ)
{]kn² `q]Xn kymXv þ {]kn-²-\mb cmPm-hm-Ipw.

tbmKw 2
ssX - Ah (A§ns\bpÅ {Kl§Ä)
]©m-ssZy- At©m AXn-e-[n-Itam (Ds-¦nÂ)
A\y-hw-i-{]-kqX cmP-hw-i¯n-eà P\-\-a-¦nepw
(AXmbXv, km[m-c-W-
¡mc\mbmepw)
hmc-W Aizu-L bp-à þ B\IÄ, IpXn-cIÄ XpS-§n-b-h-tbmSpIq-Snb
-DÀÆo-\mYm cmPm-hm-Ipw.

(2)
`q]mx kypÀ\r-]-hw-i-PmkvXp bZn Zpþ
tcymtK \(1) PmXm-kvXYm
ly´[nÀ\ln tNXv Icm-±n-\-Icm
ÖmXmx -kv^p-c-t´yh tX.
XymssZyx tI{µ-KssXx kzt`m-¨-k-ln-ssXÀþ
`qt]m-Zv`hmx ]mÀ°nhmx
 [217]

aÀ¯ym-kvXz-\y-Ip-tem-Ûhmx £nXn-]-tXþ
kvXpeymx IZm-Nn-¶r]mx.

bZn ZpÀtbmtK \ PmXmx- þ P\-\-¯n Zptcym-K-§sfm¶pansænÂ

`q]mx kypx \r-]-hw-i-Pmx þ cmP-hw-i-¯n-Â P\n¨h³ cmPmhmIpw.
(1) ]mTt`Zw: sImÃw]Xn¸n Zptcym-tK\-þZptcym-K-¯nÂ
P\n¨h\mbmepw F¶mWp ImWp¶Xv.

tbmKw 4
ly´[nÀ\ln tNXv Icm-±n-\-Icm ÖmXmx -kv^p-c-t´yh tX þ AXn ¯s¶
{Kl-§Ä¡p auVyw CsÃ-¦n tXPkznbmb cmPm-hm-Ipw.

tbmKw 5
{XymssZyx - þ aqt¶m AXn-e-[n-Itam {Kl-§Ä¡p--
tI{µ-KssXx kz`D¨k-ln-ssXx þ tI{µØnXnbpw AtXm-sSm¸w kzt£{X
ØnXntbm, D¨ØnXntbm IqSn-bp-s-¦nÂ
`qt]m-Zv`hmx þ cmP-hw-i-P-\m-sW-¦nÂ
]mÀ°nhm þ cmPm-hm-Ipw.
A-\y-Ip-tem-Ûhmx aÀ¯ym-kvXpþ cmP-hw-i-P\sÃ-¦n¡qSn
Cu tbmK-§-fps¦nÂ
£nXn-]-tX Xpeymx þ cmPm-hn\p Xpeyt\m
IZm-NnXv \r]mx þ Nne-t¸mÄ cmPmthm BIpw.

(3)
btZy-tIm kpJo]n hncm-PnXmwip\n-I-c-x
kp-Øm-\tKm h{ItKm
\oN-tØmkpJo(1) ItcmXn `q]-kZriw
Zzu hm {Xtbm hm {Klmx
Ghw tNÖ-\-b´n `q]Xnaao
ikvXmwi cmin-Øn-Xm
kZz-t¨-Zv _lthm \r]w ka-Ip-S-þ
-O-t{Xm-Ã-k-¨m-a-cw.

tbmKw 7
bZn G-I A]n þ Hcp {Klsa¦nepw-
 [218]

\oN-Ø A]n þ AXp \oN-¯n-em-sW¦nÂt¸mepw (1)

Awip\n-I-c þ civan-_-e-t¯msS-
kp-Øm-\tKm þ ip`Øm\¯pw (6þ8þ12 Hgn¨pÅh ip`w)
h{ItXm þ h{I-¯nepw
hncm-PnX þ hncm-Pn-¡p¶psh¦nÂ
`q]-Xn-kZriw ItcmXn {Klmx þ cmPm-hn\p Xpeyw {]Xm]w\ÂIp¶p.
(1) \oNØntXm]n F¶Xn\v \oNIpSpw_¯n P\n¨mÂt¸mepw F¶
AÀ°amWv sImSp§ÃqÀ]Xn¸n sImSp¯ncn¡p¶Xv. \oNØnXn
km[mcWKXnbn cminØnXnsb ImWn¡p¶XmWv.
tbmKw 8
Zzu hm {Xtbm hm {Klmx þ cv AsÃ-¦n aq¶v {Kl-§Ä
Ghw C{]-Imcw
ikvXmwi cmin-Øn-Xm þ ip`-cm-iyw-i-§-
fnÂ\n¡p-t¼mÄ
P\-b´n `q]Xnaao P\n-¨m cmPmhv BIpw.
tbmKw 9
XZz-t¨-Zv _-lthm þ C§s\ _e-apÅ IqSp-X {Kl§Ä Hcp PmX-I-
¯n Ccp-¶mÂ
ka-Ip-S O-{X Nm-a-cw \r]w ek-Xvþ Inco-Sw, sh¬sIm-ä-¡pS, sh©m-
acw Ch-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb cmPm-hmbn ]cn-e-kn-¡pw.

(4)
Zzu hm {XymZym ZnKv_-e-bpàm bZn PmXx
£vam`r-Zzwti `qan-]-Xn-x kym-Ö-b-ioex
lnXzm aµw ]©-JKm ZnKv_-e-bp-àmþ
ÝXzmtcm hm `q]-Xn-c-\ym-\z-btPm f ]n.

tbmKw 10
Zzu hm {XymZym þcv AsÃ-¦n aq¶p {Kl-§Ä
ZnIv_-e- bpàm* þ ZnKv_-e-ap-Å-hcm-sW-¦nÂ
£vam`r-Zzwti bZn PmXx þ £{Xn-b-hw-i-¯n P\n-¨mÂ
P-b-ioex `qan-]-Xn- kymXv- þ Pb-io-e-apÅ cmPmhv Bipw
tbmKw 11
lnXzm aµw i\n- Hgn¨v
NXzmtcm hm ]©-JKm þ \mev AsÃ-¦n A©v {Kl-§Ä¡p
ZnKv_-e-bp-àm þ ZnIv_-e-ap-Å-t¸mÄ P\n-¨mÂ
 [219]

-A-\y A\z-btPm A]n þ A\y-hw-i-¯n P\n-¨mepw

`q]Xn þ cmPm-hm-Ipw.
* Zn-Iv_ew: (A²ymbw 4, tÇmIw 2)
{Klw `mhw
chn, IpP³ 10
N{µ³, ip{I³ 4
_p[³, hymygw 1
i\n 7
(`mh-a-²y-¯n ]qÀ®-Zn-Iv _-ew)

(5)
KtWm-¯ta eá-\-hmw-i-tIm-ZvKta
\nim-I-c-Ým]n KtWm-¯ta f ]n hm
NXpÀ{K-ssl-Ý-{µ-hn-hÀÖn-ssX-kvXZm
\nco-£nXx kymZ-[-tam-Ûthm \r]x.

tbmKw 12
KtWm-¯ta eá-\-hmw-i-tIm-ZvKta þ
Eáw hÀt¤m-¯-a-\hmw-i-¯n Bbn-cn-¡pI,
\nim-I-c-x N A]n KtWm-¯ta]n hm þ
Asæn N{µ³ hÀt¤m-¯-a\hmw-i-¯n Bbn-cn-¡pI,
N-{µ-hn-hÀÖn-ssX NXpÀ{K-ssl þ
(AhntSbv¡p) N{µs\mgn¨v \mep- {K-l-§-fmÂ
\nco-£nXx kymXv þ t\m¡-s¸-SpICXp cpw H¯p h¶mÂ
A-[-tam-Ûthm \r]x.—þ Xmgv¶ Ipe-¯n P\n-¨mepw cmPm-hm-
Ipw.

(6)
hne-táix tIt{µ bZn X]kn hÀt¤m-¯-a-KXx
kzXpwtK kzÀt£ hm Kpcp-]-Xn-c]n kymZyZn XYm
KPkvItÔ ImÀ¯-kz-c-Ir-X-hn-am-t\ f Xn kpjta
kpJm-ko\w `q]w P\-bXn ek-¨m-a-c-bp-Kw.
tbmKw 13, tbmKw 14
hne-táix tIt{µ X]kn þ eám-[n-]³ tI{µ-¯ntem
H¼Xntem
 [220]

hÀt¤m-¯-a-KX hÀt¤m-¯-amwi-
¯n \n¡p-I,
hm þ AsÃ-¦nÂ
Kpcp-]-Xn- A]n kymXv bZn þ H¼-Xmw-`m-hm-[n-]³
kzXpwtK kzÀt£ þ D¨--¯ntem kzt£-{X-¯ntem
\n¡pI,
XYm þ C{]-Imcw h¶mÂ
KPkvItÔ þ B\-¸p-d¯v
ImÀ¯-kz-c-Ir-X- þ kzÀ®w sImpÅ
kpjta hn-am-t\Xn þ at\m-l-c-amb hml-\¯nÂ
ek-¨m-a-c-bp-Kw þ sh©m-ac§tfmsS
kpJm-ko\w `q]w þ kkpJw hmgp¶ cmPmhv
BIpw

(7)
\njm-Z-a]n ]mÀ°nhw P\-b-Xo-µp-cp-¨-kz-`þ
ØnX-{K-l-\n-co-£ntXm [h-f-Im-´n-Pm-tem-Özex
hnlmb X\p`w Iem-kv^p-cnX ]qÀ®-Im-´n-Èio
NXp-jvS-b-KtXm \r]w P\-bXn Zzn]mizm-\zn-Xw.

tbmKw 15
\njm-Zw A]n þ P\\w Im«m-f-Ipe-¯n-em-bmepw
P\-bXn þ P\\¯n¦Â
[h-f-Im-´n-Pm-tem-Özex þ sh×-tbmsS Pzen-¡p¶
Cµp- þ N{µ\v (]qÀ® N{µ\v )
D-¨ -kz-` ØnX þ D¨w, kzt£{Xw Ch-bn \n¡p¶
-{K-l-\n-co-£ntXm þ {Kl-§-fpsS ZrjvSn-bp-s-¦nÂ
]mÀ°nhw þ cmPmhv BIpw.
tbmKw 16
Iem-kv^p-cnX]qÀ®-Im-´n-x iinþ civan-_eapÅ N{µ³ (]qÀ®N{µ³)
hnlmb X\p`w þ eáw Hgn¨pÅ
NXp-jvS-b-KtXm þ GsX-¦nepw tI{µ-¯n \n¶mÂ
Zzn] Aiz A\zn-Xx. \r]w þ B\-Ifpw IpXn-c-Ifpw DÅ cmPm-
hmIpw.

(8)
 [221]

Aizn-\ym-ap-Z-b-KtXm `rKpÀ{Ktl-ss{µÀþ
ZrjvS-tÝÖ-\-bXn `q]Xnw PnXmcnw
\oNm-cn-Krl-a-]-lmb hn¯-kw-tØ
etá-i-Êl Ihn\m _eo N `q]w.

tbmKw 17
Aizn-\ym-w D-Z-b-KtXm `rKp þ Aiz-Xn- eáambn ip{I³
AXn \n¡pI,
{Ktl-ss{µ ZrjvS tNXv þ B ip{I\p ip`{Kl-ZrjvSnbpmIpI
Ch H¯p h¶mÂ
PnXmcnw `q]Xnw P-\-bXnþ i{Xp-¡sf Pbn-¡p¶ cmPm-hmIpw.

tbmKw 18
etá-i-\oNAcn-Kr-lwA]-lmb þ eám-[n-]-³ \oN-cm-in-ØnXnbpw
i{Xp-t£{X-ØnXn-bpw CÃmsX
Ihn\m kl þ ip{It\mSp-IqSn
_eo N þ _e-hm-\mbn
hn¯-kw-tØ þ cn \n¶mÂ
`q]w þ cmPm-hm-Ipw.
(9)
`ua-tÝ-Z-P-lcnNm]-e-á-kwØx
]rYzoiw Ie-bXn an{X-tJ-S-ZrjvSx
IÀtatim \h-a-K-XÝ `mKy-\mtYm
a²ytØm `hXn \rt]m Pss\x {]i-kvXx.

tbmKw 19
AP- lcn Nm] -e-á- þ taSw, Nn§w, [\p Chbnsem¶p
eá-ambn AXnÂ
an{X-tJ-S-ZrjvS þ an{X-{K-l-§-fpsS ZrjvSn-
tbmsS (cNKp)
`ua-tÝXv IpP³
kwtØm þ ØnXn-sN-bvXmÂ
]r°oiw Ie-bXnþ cmPm-hmIpw.

tbmKw 20
IÀt½tim \h-a-K-XÝ þ ]¯mw-`m-hm-[n-]Xn H¼-Xnepw
 [222]

`mKy-\mtYm a²ytØ þ H¼Xmw `mhm-[n-]³ ]¯nepw \n¶mÂ

\rt]m `hXn Pss\x {]ikvXx þP\-{]-i-kvX-\mb cmPm-hm-Ipw.

(10)
Nm]mÀt² `K-hm³ kl-{k-In-c-Wþ
-kvX-ss{Xh Xmcm-[nt]m
etá `m\p-kp-tXm f Xn-ho-cy-k-ln-Xþ
- tÊzmt¨ N `q\-µ\x
btZyhw `hXn £ntX-c-[n-]-Xn-x
kw-{inXy Zqcw `b-þ
- {XkvXm Gh \a´n bky -cn-]thm
ZKv²mx {]Xm-]m-án-\m.

tbmKw 21
Nm]mÀt² `K-hm³ kl-{k-In-c-W-x- þ [\phnsâ BZy]-IpXn
bn kqcy\pw
Xss{Xh Xmcm-[nt]m N{µ\pw
etá `m\p-kp-tXm AXn-ho-cy-k-ln-Xþ eá¯nÂ
AXn_ehm-\mbn i\n-
tkzmt¨ N `q\-µ\x þ IpP³ D¨-¯nÂ
btZyhw `hXn þ Ch H¯p-h-¶mÂ
£ntX-c-[n-]-Xnx kw-{inXy Zqcw/ `bm-Xv {XkvXm Gh \a´n bky-/
cn-]thmZKv²mx {]Xm-]mán\m.þþ
{]Xm-]m-án-bn Zln-¨p-t]m-Iptam F¶ `b-t¯msS i{Xp-¡Ä AI¶p
amdn \n¶p \a-kv¡-cn-¡p¶ {]Xm-]n-bmb cmPm-hmIpw.

(11)
kp[m-ar-Wm-tfm-]-a-_nw-_-tim-`nXx
iio \hmwti \fn-\o-{]n-bky
bZn £nXotim _lp-l-kvXn-]qÀ®x
ip`mÝ tIt{µjp \ ]m]-bp-àmx.

tbmKw 22
kp[mar-Wm-tfm-]-a-_nw-_tim-`nXx iioþ shÅ-¯m-a-c-¸qt]mse
tim`n-¡p¶ _nw_-t¯m-Sp-IqSnb N{µ³ - -(]qÀ®N-{µ³)
\fn-\o-{]n-bky \hmwti þ kqcy\hmw-i-¯nepw (Nn§¯nepw)
 [223]

ip`mÝ þ ip`-{K-l-§Ä
\ ]m]-bp-àmx. ]m]-{K-l-tbm-K-an-ÃmsX
tIt{µjp þ tI{µ-§-fnepw ØnXn-sN-¿p¶p
bZn þ F¦nÂ
_lp-l-kvXn-]qÀ®x þ hfsc B\-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb
£nXotim þ cmPmhv BIpw.

(12)
\oNm-cn-hÀ¤-c-ln-ssXÀhn-l-ssKkv{Xn-`nkvXp
kzmwtim-]-ssKÀ_ebpssXx ip`-Zr-jvSn-PpjvssSx
tKm£o-c-iw-J-[-htfm arK-em-RvO-\Ý
kymZ-ky- P-·\n k `qan-]-XnÀÖn-Xm-cnx.

tbmKw 23
\oNAcnhÀ¤c-ln-ssX \oNtam i{XphÀ¤ØnXntbm CÃm¯
-hn-l-ssK {Xn`nkvXp aq¶p {Kl-§Ä
kzmwtim-]ssK þ kz\hmwi§fnÂ,
_e-bpssX- þ _e-hm-·m-cmbn
ip`-Zr-jvSn-PpjvssS þ ip`-{K-l-Zr-jvSn-tbmsS \n¡pIbpw
tKm£o-ciw-J-[-htfm arK-em-RvO-\Ý þ ]ip-hn³ ]mÂ, iwJv Ch-t]mse
sh×bpÅ N{µ³ (]qÀ®-N-{µ-³)
kymZ-ky- P-·\n þ eá¯n \n¡pIbpw sNbvXmÂ
k Pn-Xm-cnxq`qan-]-X Ah³ i{Xp-tP-Xm-hmb cmPm-
hm-Ipw.

(13)
Ipap-Z-Ip-kp-a-_-Ôpw t{ijvT-awiw(1) {]]¶w
bZn _e-k-ap-t]Xw ]iyXn thyma-Nmco
DZ-b-`-h-\-kwØx ]m]-kw-tÚmf ]n \ ssNhw
`hXn a\p-P-\mY kmÀÆ-`u-a-Êp-tZl.
(1) ]mTt`Zw þt{ijvTawKw

tbmKw 24
t{ijvT-awiw{]]¶w þ
t{ijvTamb Awis¯ þ AwKs¯ , ]£_es¯, {]m]n¨
Ipap-Z-Ip-kp-a-_-Ôpwþ N{µs\
 [224]

DZb`h\kwØx þ eá¯n \nv¡p¶

_ekapt]Xx thymaNmcoþ _ehm\mb Hcp {Klw
bZn ]iyXn þ t\m¡p¶psh¦nÂ
kmÀÆ-`u-a kp-tZl a\p-P-\mY þ kÀÆ`qanbptSbpw A-[n-]\pw
ZrV-Km-{X\pw Bb cmPmhmIpw.

“...]m]-kw-tÚm f ]n \ ssNhw”F¶Xn\v “eá¯n ]m]À ]mSnÔ F¶

AÀ°amWv ZnÃn]Xn¸pIfn sImSp¯ncn¡p¶Xv. aebmfw ]
Xn¸pIfn” eá¯n \nv¡p¶ {Klw ]m]\mbncp¶mepw” F¶
hn]coXmÀ°hpw ImWp¶p.

(14)
Pothm _pt[m `rKp-kp-tXm f Y \nim-Itcm hm
[Àt½ hnip-²-`-ht\(1) kv^pSc-ivan-Pmemx
anss{XÀ\n-co-£n-X-bpXm bZn kqXn-Imte
IpÀh´n tZh-k-Zriw \r]Xnw alm-´w.
]mT-t`Zw hnip-²-X-\hx

tbmKw 25
kqXn-Imte {]khkab¯p
Pothm _pt[m `rKp-kp-tXm \nim-Itcm hymgw, _p[³, ip{I³,
N{µ³ Ch-cn-sem-cp {Klw
hnip-²-`-ht\ [Àt½ þ ip`-`-h-\-amb H¼-XnÂ
kv^pS-c-ivan-Pmemx þ civan-_-e-t¯msS \n¡pIbpw
anss{X \n-co-£n-X- þ an{X-{K-l-¯nsâ ZrjvSntbm
bpXm tbmKtam Dm-hpIbpw
bZn þ sN¿p-¶psh¦n (Ch H¯p
h¶mÂ)
tZh-k-Zriw alm´w \r]Xnw IpÀh´nþ
tZh-Xp-ey-\pwalm\pwBbcmPm-hmIpw.

(15)
ipt{IUyu khn-Xp-x in-ip-kvXn-an-bptK tkzmt¨ N ]qÀ®-Èio
ZrjvSkv{Xo{hhn-tem-N-t\\ Zn\-Ir-t·-tjm-Z-tb f ku \r]x
tk\m-bm-Ý-e-t\\ tcWp-]-S-ssecyky {]arjvtS chmþ
hkvX-{`m-´n-k-am-Ipem Ia-en\o kt¦m-N-am-K-Ñ-Xn.
 [225]

tbmKw 26
ip{I CuUy khnXpx inip Xn-an-bptK þ ip{I³, hym….
]qÀ®-x iio tkzmt¨ N þ ]qÀ®-N-{µ³ D¨-¯nepw,
Zn\-IrXv þ kqcy\p
ZrjvS {Xo{hhn-tem-N-t\\ þ IpP-Zr-jvSnbpw,-
ta-jw D-Z-bw taSw eáamhpIbpw sNbvXmÂ
(Ch H¯p h¶mÂ)
\r]x þ cmPmhv BIpw.

Ct±-l-¯nsâþþ
tk\m-bm þ tk\-I-fpsS
N-e-t\\ þ \o¡w- (]Stbm«w) sImv s]m§p¶
tcWp-]-S-sse s]mSn-]-S-e¯mÂ
{]arjvtS ({]-hn-jvtS) chm þ a§nb kqcy-s\-¡v
AkvX-{`m-´n-k-am-Ipem þ AkvX-a-\-am-bn-sb¶{`m
´n({`aw) aqew
Ia-en\o þ Xma-c¸qhn\p
kt¦m-N-am-K-Ñ-Xn þ kt¦m-Nw hcp-¶p. (Iq¼p-¶p.)
(Cu cmPm-hnâ ssk\yw amÀ¨vsNbvXp t]mIp-t¼mÄ Db-cp¶
s]mSn-]-S-ew-sImp kqcy³ ad-bp-Ibpw AXp Iv AkvX-a-b-am-bn-
sb¶p IcpXn Xma-c-¸q-hp-IÄ Iq¼m³ XpS-§p-Ibpw sN¿p-sa¶p
kmcw. hf-sc-tbsd ssk\y-apÅ cmPm-hm-Ip-sa-¶À°w.)

(16)
\oNm-cn-ssØ-ccn`-h-ssKx jjvTZpÝn-XvIssKÀhm
kutay(1) tkzm¨w ]c-ap-]-K-ssXÀ\nÀ½ssex tI{µ-ssKÀhm
BÚmw bmtX inin-c-In-ctW IÀ-¡-StØ \nim-bmþ
taI-Ñ{Xw {Xn`p-h-\-anZw bky k £{Xn-tbix.
(1) ]mTt`Zw: ]mss]x þ sNdphÅn

tbmKw 27
(1) \oNAcnssØ `-hssKx jjvTZpÝn-XvIssKx-
\oN¯ntem i{Xp-t£{X¯ntem \n¡p¶ {Kl§fpsS
ØnXn 3þ6þ11 Ifn (ZpØm\§fnÂ) BhpI
 [226]

(2) kussayx tkzm¨w ]c-ap-]-K-ssX\nÀ½ssex tI{µ-ssKx þ ip`-{K-

l-§Ä D¨-¯n \n¡pI, B D¨w tI{µ-amhpIbpw sN¿pI
(3) \nim-bmw þ P\\w cm{XbnemhpI
(4) inin-c-In-ctW IÀ-¡-StØ BÚmw bmtXþ N{µ³ IÀ¡-S-Iw ]
¯mw`mhambn -AXn \n¡pI, (Ch H¯p h¶mÂ)
GI-Ñ{Xw {Xn`p-h-\-anZw £{Xn-tbix. þ Hä IpS-¡o-gn aq¶p
temIhpw `cn-¡p¶ cmPm-hv (GIÑ{Xm[n]Xn) BIpw.

(17)
hÀt¤m-¯ta lna-I-c-x kIcx (1) ØntXmwti
Ipcym-·-lo-]-Xn-a-]qÀh-b-tim-`n-cmaw
bkym-iz-hr-µ-Jp-c-Lm-X-c-tPm-`n`qtXm
`m\px {]`m-X-i-int\m f \pI-tcmXn cq]w.
]mT-t`Zw þ kIe

tbmKw 28
hÀt¤m-¯ta lna-I-cx k-Icx ØntXmwtiþ N{µ³ hÀt¤m¯amwi¯nÂ
civan_e-t¯msS \n¡p-¶p-sh-¦nÂ
A-]qÀh- b-tim-`n-cmaw a-lo-]- n A]qÀh-IoÀ¯n-bpÅ cmPmhv
BIpw.
bkyA-iz-hr-µ Jp-c-Lm-X c-tPm-`n`qtXm þ
C-t±-l-¯n-sâ IpXn-c-I-fpsS Ipf-¼p-IÄ X«n Dbcp¶ s]mSn-]-S-e-
¯mÂ
`m\px {]`m-X-i-int\m A\pI-tcmXn cq]wþ
kqcy³ {]`m-X-¯nse N{µ-s\-t¸mse \njv{]-`-am-Ipw.

(18)
tI{µKu ln bZn Pohiim¦u
bky P·\n N `mÀ¤-h-ZrjvSu
`q]-XnÀ`-hXn tkmfXpe-IoÀ¯nÀþ
\oNtKm bZn \ IÝn-Znl kymXv.

tbmKw 29
bky P·\n þ BcpsS P\-\-¯nemtWm
`mÀ¤-h-ZrjvSu Poh iim¦u ip{I-ZrjvSntbmsS hymghpw
N{µ\pw
 [227]

bZn tI{µKu k tI{µ-¯n ØnXn-sN¿p-¶X,v

Ah³
AXpe-IoÀ¯n `q]-Xn `-hXnþ henb IoÀ¯nam\mb
cmPmhmIpw.
bZn \oNtKm þ Cu ØnXn \oN-¯nemsW-¦nÂ
\ IÝn-Znl kymXv þ- tbmK^-e-an-Ã.

(19)
PeNc-cm-in- \-hmw-iI Cµpþ
kvX\p-`-ht\ ip`Zx kzI-hÀt¤
k ip`-Icx (1) Jep I-Ibptàm(2)
`hXn \rt]m _lp-hm-c-W-\m-Yx.
]mT-t`Zw (1) Aip-`-Ic (2) I-I-lo-t\m. (I]qÀ) *

tbmKw 30
PeNc-cm-in -\-hmw-iI PecminIfn (IÀ¡-S-Iw,aI-cw, ao\w)
H¶p \hmwiambn
ip`Zx kzI-hÀt¤ þ kzhÀ¤_et¯msSbpw
ip`-Icx þ civan_et¯msSbpw
Cµp þ N{µ³
X\p-`-ht\ þ eá¯n \n¡pI;
I-I-bptàm þ (AXsÃ-¦n C§s\ _ehm\mbn)
tI{µ§fnsem¶n \n¡p-I, C§s\ h¶mÂ
_lp-hm-c-W-\m-Yx. þ At\Iw B\-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb
\rt]m `hXn cmPmhv BIpw.
*I]qdnsâ hymJym\w If at birth the Moon be in a watery sign and Navamsa
identical with Lagna and also be in his own or benefic Varga, with no malefics in Kendra,
the native becomes a King owning many elephants. Z£ntW´y³ hymJym\§fnÂ
Aip`Ic³ ip`Ic\pw, IIlo\w IIbpàhpw BWv. AXmWv icnsb¶p
tXm¶p¶p.

(20)
ipt{Im Poh-\n-co-£ntXm hnX-\ptX `qt]m-Ûhw `q]Xnw
tZthtUym arK`w hnlmb X\ptKm at¯-`-bpàw \r]w
tIt{µ P·-]-XnÀº-em-[n-I-bpXx Ipcym-²-cn-{Xo-]Xnw
ZrjvtS hmIv]-Xn\m _pt[ Z[Xn ]r°zo-im¨ XÑm-k-\w.
 [228]

tbmKw 31 ---- þ 34
Poh ipt{I \n-co-£ntX þ ip{I\p hymgZrjvSnbps¦nÂ
hnX-\ptX `qt]m-Ûhw `q]Xnw þ kzXx-kn-²-cm-P-tbm-K-
amWv.
arK`w hnlmb X\ptKm þ aIcw Hgn¨v Hcp cmin eá-
amhpIbpw AXnÂ
tZthtUym þ hymgw \n¡p-Ibpw
sNbvXmÂ
at¯-`-bpàw \r]w þ B\-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Snb cmPm-hv
BIpw.
P·-]-Xn _-em-[n-I-bpXx þ eám-[n-]³ _e-hm-\mbn
tIt{µ Ipcym-Xv [-cn-{Xo-]Xnw þ tI{µ-¯nÂ
hmIv]-Xn\m _pt[ ZrjvtS þ _p[\p hymgZrjvSnbps¦nÂ
XÑm-k-\w ]r°zo-im¨ Z[Xn Ahsâ I¸\ cmPm-¡-·mcpw
A\p-k-cn-¡pw.
(21)
GtIm f ]yp¨-t£-{XtKm an{X-ZrjvSx
IpcymXv `q]w an{X-tbm-Km-²-\mVyw
kzmwti kqtcy kzÀ£-K-Ý-{µamtÝ
t±im-[oiw kmiz-\mKw hn[-t¯.

tbmKw 35
GI A]n þ GsX-¦nepw Hcp {Klw
D¨-t£-{XtKm þ D¨-¯n \n ¡p-Ibpw
an{X-ZrjvSx þ AXn\p an{X-ZrjvSn
Ipcym þ Dm-hpIbpw sNbvXmÂ
`q]w þ AbmÄ cmPm-hm-Ipw.
an{X-tbm-Km-²-\mVywþ an{X-tbm-K-am-Wv DÅsX¦nÂ
[\m-Vy-\mIpw.
tbmKw 36
kqtcy þ kqcy³
kzmwti þ Xsâ Awi-I-¯nepw
N-{µam þ N{µ³
kzÀ£-Kx- þ kzt£-{X-¯nepw \n¡p-¶p-sh-¦nÂ
kmiz-\mKw þ IpXn-c-I-tfmSpw -B\-ItfmSpw IqSnb
 [229]

tZim-[oiw þ cmPmhv BIpw.

(22)
aot\ ]qÀ®-tPym-Xnjn an{X-K-l-ZrjvtS
Nt{µ temIm-\-µ-I-c-Êym-¶r-]-apJyx
]qÀ®-tPymXnx tkzm¨-K-X-tݯp-ln-\mw-ipþ
kvXymKm-[nIyw kÖ-\-ikvXw PK-Zo-iw.

tbmKw 37
Nt{µ ]qÀ®-tPym-Xnjn þ ]qÀ®-N-{µ³
an{X-{K-l-ZrjvtS þ an{X-Zr-jvSn-tbmsS
aot\ þ ao\-¯n \n¶mÂ
temIm-\-µ-I-c-kymXv þ temIm-\-µ-I-c-amb
\r-]-apJy þ cmP-ap-Jy-\m-Ipw.

tbmKw 38
]qÀ®-tPymXnx -Xp-ln-\mw-ip þ ]qÀ®N{µ³
tkzm¨-K-X- þ D¨-¯n (CSh¯nÂ) \n¶mÂ
kÖ-\-ikvXw þ kÖ-\-§fm {]iw-kn-¡-s¸-Sp¶
PK-Zo-iw þ cmPm-hm-Ipw.

D¨cminbn \n¡p¶ ]qÀ®N{µ³ civan¡pdhpÅh\mbncp¶mepw

kÖ\§fm ]pIgv¯s¸Sp¶h\pw Zm\ioe\pw Bb temIm[n]Xn bmbn
`hn¡pw F¶mWv sImÃw ]Xn¸n ImWpXv.

(23)
]m]m-kv{Xn-i-{Xp-`-hKm bZn P·-\m-Ymþ
Ãám-²t\ IpP-_p[u ln_p-tI fÀ¡-ip{Iu
IÀ½m-b-e-á-k-lnXmx IpP-a-µ-Po-hmþ
kvXPvÚm hZ´n NXp-c-kvXznl cmP-tbm-Km³.

tbmKw 39 þ 42
]m]m-x {Xni-{Xp`-hKm bZn P·-\m-Ym þ
eám-[n-]-\nÂ\n¶pw 3, 6, 11 -`mh§-fnembn ]m]-·mÀ \n¡p-I
eám-Xv [t\ þ eá-¯nÂ\n¶pw cnÂ
IpP-_p[u IpP\pw _p[-\pw-IqSn \n¡pI
 [230]

ln_p-tI AÀ¡ -ip{Iu þ \men kqcy\pw ip{I\pw IqSn

\n¡pI
IÀ½ B-b -e-á- k-lnXmw 10, 11, eáw Ch-I-fn {Ia-¯nÂ
IpP -a-µ -Po-h IpP³, i\n, hymgw F¶n-hÀ \n¡pI
C§s\ h¶mÂ
Úm NXp-c-kvXznl cmP-tbm-Km³ hZ´n
þ hnZzm-·mÀ \mep Xc-¯n-epÅ cmP-tbm-K-§Ä ]d-bp¶p.

(24)
Nt{µ f Xnan-{XmwiKtX kpZrjvtS
ipt{IW e£vaok-lntXm \r]-ÊymXv
XYm-ØntX hmk-h-a-{´n-ZrjvtS
]qÀt®m [cn{Xnw ]cn-]m-e-tb-Õx.

tbmKw 43
AXnan-{XmwiKtX Nt{µþ AXn-an-{Xmw-i¯n \n¡p¶ N{µ³
ipt{IW kpZrjvtS þ ip{I-\m t\m¡¡-s¸-Sp-¶p-sh-¦nÂ
e£vaok-lntXm \r]-ÊymXþ sFiz-cy-hm-\mb \r]-\m-Ipw.
tbmKw 44
.XYm-ØntX A§s\bpÅ N{µs\
hmk-h-a-{´n-ZrjvtS hymgw t\m¡n-bmÂ
]qÀt®m [cn{Xnw ]cn-]m-e-tb-Xv kþ `qan apgp-h³ ]men-¡pw.

(25)
emt`-i-[Àt½-i-[-t\-iz-cm-Wmþ
tatIm]n N{µ-{K-l-tI-{µ-hÀ¯o
kz]p-{X-em-`m-[n-]-XnÀKp-cp-tÝþ
ZJ-Þkm-{am-Py-]-Xn-Xz-ta-Xn.

tbmKw 45
emt`-i- [Àt½-i [-t\-iz-cm-Wmw þ 11, 9, 2 `mhm-[n-]cnÂ
GtIm]n HcmÄ
N{µ-{K-l -tI-{µ-hÀ¯o þ N{µsâ tI{µ-¯n \n¡pIbpw,
kz]p-{Xem-`m-[n-]-Xn þ 2, 5, 11 `mh-§-fn-sem-¶nsâ
A[n-]³
Kp-cp-tÝXv þ hymg-am-hpIbpw sNbvXmÂ
 [231]

AJ-WvU-km-{am-Py-]-Xn-Xz-ta-Xn. þAJ-WvU-km-{amPy]Xn-bm-
Ipw.

\oN`wKcmPtbmK§Ä

(26)
\oN-ØntXm P·\n tbm {Klkymþ
¯{Zm-in-\m-tYm f]n XZp-¨-\mYx
k N-{µ-e-ám-ZyZn tI{µ-hÀ¯o
cmPm `th-²mÀ½n-I-N-{I-hÀ¯n.

tbmKw 46
\oN-ØntXm P·\n {Kl- kymXv þ P\-\-k-a-b¯p \oN-¯nÂ
\n¡p¶ {Kl-¯nsâ
XXv cm-in-\m-Y A]n þ AXnsâ (\oNcmin-
bpsS)
\mYt\m
XXv D-¨-\mY þ AXnsâ D¨-cm-in-bpsS
\mYt\m
N-{µ-e-ám-Zv þ N{µ-e-á-¯nÂ\n¶pw
bZn tI{µ-hÀ¯o þ tI{µ-¯n \n¡p-¶p-sh-¦nÂ
[mÀ½n-I-N-{I-hÀ¯n cmPm `thXv-þ [À½n-jvT\mb cmPm-hmIpw.

XXv D¨\mY þ hymJym\t`Zw:

1. (\oN)cmiy[n]sâ D¨cminbpsS A[n]t\m þ sNdphÅn
2. …the planet that is exalted in the sign - Kapoor
3. \oNw {]m]n¨ cminbn D¨apÅ {Klw þ tPymXnj\nLp.

(27)
btZytIm \oN-K-X-kvX-{Zm-iy-[n-]-kvX-Zp-¨]x tIt{µ
bky k Xp N{I-hÀ¯o kakvX`q]m-e-h-µymw{Lnx.

tbmKw 47
bZn GtIm \oN-K-X þ GsXmcp {Kl-¯n\p GsXmcp cmin-bnÂ
\oNw kw`-hn-¡p-¶pthm
XXv cmiy-[n] þ B cm-inbpsS -\mYt\m
 [232]

X-Xv D-¨]x þ AXnsâ D¨-cm-in-bpsS \mYt\m

tIt{µ þ eátI{µ-¯n \n¶mÂ
kakvX`q]m-e h-µymw{Lnx N{I-hÀ¯o
þ FÃm cmPm-¡-·mcmepw hµn¡s¸Sp¶ N{I-hÀ¯n-bm-Ipw

(28)
bkvan³ cmiu hÀ¯tX tJN-c-kvXþ
{Zmio-ti\ t{]£n-X-tÝÕ tJSx
t£mWo-]mew IoÀ¯n-a´w hnZ-[ymXv
kpØm\tÝXv(1) Inw ]p\x ]mÀ°n-th-{µx.
(1) ]mTt`Zw: kpØx kymt¨Xv
tbmKw 48
bkvan³ cmiutJN-c- hÀ¯tX
þbmsXmcp {Klw bmsXmcp cminbn (\oN¯nÂ) \n¡p¶pthm
tJSx XXv cmio-ti\ t{]£n-X-x tNXv þ
B {Klw B cmin-\m-Y-\m t\m¡-s¸-Sp-¶p-sh-¦nÂ
IoÀ¯n-cXv\w t£mWo-]mew þ IoÀ¯n-am-\mb cmPmhv
BIpw.
kpØm\x tNXv ]mÀ°n-th-{µx....
B cmin Hcp kpØm-\w IqSnbmsW¦n ]n-s¶- ]dbm\ptm?

(29)
\otN XnjvTXn bkvX-Zm{inX-Kr-lm-[otim hne-ám-ZyZm
N{µmZzm bZn -\o-N-Kky hnl-K-tkym-¨À£-\m-tYmfYhm
tIt{µ XnjvTXn tNXv {]]qÀ®-hn-`-hx -kym¨-{I-hÀ¯o- \rt]m
[À-½n-jvtTm f \y-a-lo-i-h-µn-X-]-Z-kvtXtPm -b-tim -`m-Ky-hm³.

tbmKw 49
\otN -XnjvTXn (bmsXmcp {Klw) \oN-
¯n \n¡p¶pthm
b XXv - B{inX Kr-lm-[otimþ B \oNcmin-bpsS \mYt\m
bZn -\o-N-Kky hnl-K-tkym \oN-¯n \n¡p¶ {Kl-¯nsâ –
D¨À£-\m-tYm þ D¨-cm-in-bpsS \mYt\m
hne-ám-ZyZm AYhm N{µtZzmþ eámtem AsÃ-¦n N{µmtem
tIt{µ XnjvTXn tNXþ tI{µ-¯n \n¡p-¶p-sh-¦nÂ
{]]qÀ® -hn-`-h- kymXv þ Ah³ FÃm hn-`-h-§-tfmSpw
 [233]

tX-tPm b-tim- þ tXP-tÊm-Sp-w bitÊmSpw IqSnb

`m-Ky-hm³ [À-½n-jvtT þ `m-Ky-hm\pw [À-½n-jvT\pw
Bb,
-A\y-a-lo-i-h-µn-X-]-Z þ aäpcmPm-¡-·mÀ hµn¡p¶
]mZ-§tfm-Spw- IqSnb,
-N-{I-hÀ¯o N{I-hÀ¯nbmIpw.
(30)
\otN -b-kvXky \otNm-¨-t`iu ZzmthI Gh hm
tI{µ-Ø-tÝ-¨-{I-hÀ¯o `q]x kymZv `q]-h-µnX.

tbmKw 50
\otN þ \oN-¯nÂ
-b- Xky þ bmsXm-cp -{K-l-amtWm \n¡p-¶Xv
B {Kl-¯nsâ
\oN þ \oNcmin-bp-sSbpw -
D-¨ þ D-¨-cmin-bp-sSbpw
t`iu þ \mY-·mÀ
Zzm þ cptam
hm þ AsÃ-¦nÂ
GI Gh þ Hs¶-¦neptam
tI{µ-Ø-tÝXv- þ tI{µ-¯n \n¶mÂ
`q]-h-µnX þ cmPm-¡-·mÀ hµn-¡p¶
N-{I-hÀ¯o `q]x kymXvþ N{I-hÀ¯n-bm-Ipw.

Hcp PmX-I-¯n \oN-apÅ {Kl§sf ImWp-¶p-sh-¦n {i²n-¡p-I: \oN-

`wKcmP-tbm-K-ap-m-Imw.
 [234]

A²ymbw 8 þ `mhm{i-b-^ew-
(H¼Xp {Kl-§Ä ]{´p `mh-§-fn \n¶m-ep-Å ^e-§Ä)
{Kl-Im-c-I-Xzw, `mhm-[n-]-Xyw, `mhØnXn F¶nh A\p-k-
cn-¨mWv {Kl-§Ä ^e-w \ÂIp-I. CXn `mh-Øn-Xn-bpsS Imcy-¯nÂ
ip`-·mÀ kpØm-\-§-fnepw ]m]-·mÀ ZpØm-\-§-fnepw ^-es¯ sN¿pw
F¶XmWv ASnØm\ X¯zw. ^e-Zo-]nI A\p-k-cn¨v AjvS-a-cn-]p-hy-
b-§fpw (8-þ6þ12) PmX-I-N-{µnI A\p-k-cn¨v {Xnj-Um-b-§fpw
(3þ6-þ11) BWv ZpØm-\-§Ä. F¶m B \nbaw ]qÀ®-ambpw
ChnsS ]men¨p ImWp-¶n-Ã. {Kl-§-fp-sS-bpw `mh§-fp-sSbpw
KpW-tZm-j-§Ä, Imc-I-Xz-§Ä, `mh-¯n \n¡p¶ {Klhpw `mhm-
[n-]\pw X½n-epÅ _Ôw, `mhm-Ûm-h-Nn´ XpS§n At\Iw Imcy-§Ä
IW-¡n-se-Sp-¯mWv H¼Xp {Kl-§Ä ]{´p `mh-§-fn \n¶m-ep-m-Ip¶
^e-§Ä ChnsS ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. ]mT-t`-Z-§fpw A`n-{]m-b-hy-
Xym-k-§fpw ]Xn-hp-t]mse C¡m-cy-¯nepw kpe-`-am-Wv.
{Kl-§Ä \n¡p¶ `mh-§sf am{X-aÃ, Ah-bpsS ZrjvSn hogp¶
`mh-§-sf-¡qSn Ah-bpsS kzm[o\w _m[n-¡p-sa¶ Imcyw {]tXyIw
HmÀ½n-¡-Ww.

{Kl§Ä s]mXpsh A\pIqeamb `mh§Ä

{Klw A\p-Iq-e-w
c, Ip, a 3 6 10 11
N 6 8 12 Hgn¨pÅh
_p 3 6 12 Hgn¨pÅh
Kp 3 6 8 12 Hgn¨pÅh
ip 3 6 7 Hgn¨pÅh
k, in 3 6, 11
CXn ]dbm¯h s]mXpsh an{i^etam, {]Xn-Iqetam Bbn cn¡pw. Imc
I³ `mh§fn hcp¶ Øe§fn B {]tXyI hnjb¯n KpW^ew D-
mhnÃ.AXmbXv, ]m]-·m-cmb kqcy³, IpP³, i\n, cmlp, tIXp F¶n-hÀ
ZpkvYm-\-§-fmb 3, 6 `mh-§fn A\p-Iq-e-am-bn-cn-¡pw. ]
Xns\m¶n FÃm {Kl-§fpw ]¯n cmlp- tI-Xp-¡Ä Hgn-¨pÅ Ggp
{Kl-§fpw A\p-Iq-e-am-Wv. 12þÂ ip{I³ am{Xhpw 8þÂ _p[\pw
ip{I\pw am{Xhpw KpWw sN¿pw.
 [235]

Cu A\p-Iq-e-^-e-¯nsâ Xo{hX {Kl-¯n-sâbpw `mh-¯n-sâbpw

_e-a-\p-k-cn-¨n-cn-¡pw. Cu ^e-§Ä A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-¶Xv Hmtcm {Kl-
¯nsâbpw Zi, A-]-lm-cw- XpS-§nb Im-e-§fnepam-bn-cn-¡pw. ka-
b-\nÀ®-b-¯n\v tKmN-cmhØ CXn-t\mSp tNÀ¯p Nn´n-¡-Ww. {Klþ-
`m-h-_-e-w Adn-bm-\pÅ amÀ¤w- t\cs¯ hnh-cn-¨p. Zim-^ew ^e-
Zo-]nI ]s¯m-¼Xmw A²ym-b-¯nepw Nmc-^ew Ccp-]-¯n-bmdmw
A²ym-b-¯nepw hnh-cn¡p¶pv.

Imc-I³ AtX Imc-I-Xz-apÅ `mh-¯n \n¡p-¶Xv \Ã-XÃ

F¶ \nbaw IqSn ChnsS HmÀt¡--Xp-v. kqcy³ ]nXr-Im-c-I-\m-Wv.
`mh-§fn ]nXr-Im-c-IXzw H¼-Xn-\pw. AXp-sImv H¼-XnÂ
s]mXpsh A\p-Iq-e-amb kqcy³ ]nXm-hnsâ Imcy-¯nÂam{Xw Aip`w
sN¿pw. AXp-t]mse cpNIw XpS-§nb tbmK-§Ä Dtm- F¶p t\m¡n
AX-\p-k-cn¨v ChnsS ]d-ªn-«pÅ ^e§fn th amäw hcp-¯-Ww.

kqcy³
kqcy³ kuay-\-Ãm-¯-Xn-\m 3,6,10,11 F¶o `mh-§-
fn \n¶m A\p-Iq-ehpw aäp `mh-§-fn \n¶m {]Xn-Iq-e-hp-am-
bn-cn-¡pw. ]nXm-hnsâ Imcy-sam-gn-¨m H¼-Xnepw kqcy³ A\p-
Iq-e-\m-Wv.kqcy³ eá-¯n \n¶m ico-c-{]-Ir-Xn-bnepw kz`m-h-
¯nepw {]I-S-am-Ip¶ {]tXy-I-X-IfmWv - ASp¯ tÇmI-¯n {]
[m-\ambpw ]d-bp-¶Xv. -eá-¯nsâ cmin, cmiy-[n-]³, kqcy³, N{µ³, eá-
¯n \n¡p¶ {Klw, eá-¯n-te-bv¡p t\m¡p¶ {Klw XpS§nbh Ah-bpsS
_e-a-\p-k-cn¨v Hcm-fpsS BIr-Xn-tbbpw {]Ir-Xn-tbbpw
kzm[o\n¡p¶-Xmbn ImWp¶pv. eá-¯n\pw Bß-Im-c-I-\mb kqcy\pw
_e-an-sÃ-¦n Abm-fpsS hyànXzw (DÄ¡-cp-¯v) ZpÀº-e-am-bn-
cn¡pw.

(1)
etá f Àt¡m f ¸-INx {Inbme-k-Xax
t{Im[o {]N-WvtUm-¶tXm
am\o temN-\-cq-£Ix Iri-X\px
iqtcm- f £tam \nÀLrWx
kvt^mSm£x iint` {Intb kXn-ancx
knwtl \nimÔx ]pam³
 [236]

Zmcn-t{Zym-]-ltXmhn\-jvS-X-\tbm
PmX-kvXp-embmw `thXv.

etá AÀt¡ þ kqcy³ eá-¯n \n¶mÂ

A¸-INx þ XeapSn Ipdªh\pw
{Inbm Ae-k-Xa þ tPmen sN¿m³ aSnbpÅ-h\pw
t{Im[o þ tZzjy-¡mc\pw
{]N-WvU- þ ià\pw
D¶X þ Db-c-ap-Åh\pw
am\o þ A`n-am\nbpw
temN-\-cq-£I þ ZrjvSn cq£-ambh\pw
Iri-X\p þ NS-¨h\pw
iqtcm- þ iqc\pw
A£tam þ £-abnÃm¯h\pw
\nÀLrW þ Zb-bn-Ãm-¯-h\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

cmin A\pkcn¨pÅ {]tXyI^ew

iint`kvt^mSm£ þ N{µ-cmin (IÀ¡-S-Iw) eá-am-hp-Ibpw kqcy³
AXn \n¡p-Ibpw sNbvXm t\{X-tcmKw,
{Intb kXn-anc þ taSw (D-¨w) eá-am-hp-Ibpw kqcy³
Axn \n¡pIbpw sNbvXm Xnan-c-tcmKw,
knwtl \nimÔ þNn§w (kz-t£-{Xw) eá-am-hp-Ibpw kqcy³
AXn \n¡p-Ibpw sNbvXm cm{Xn-bn AÔX (am-e-¡-®v),
PmX- Xp-embmw þ Xpemw (\o-Nw) eá-am-hp-Ibpw kqcy³
AXn \n¡p-Ibpw sNbvXmÂ
Zmcn-t{Zym-]-ltXm hn\-jvS-X-\tbmþ Zmcn{ZyZpxJw, ]p{X-\m-iw
F¶nh ^ew.
(2)
hnK-X-hn-Zym-hn-\-b-hn¯w kvJen-X-hmNw [\-KXx
k_-e-iu-cy-{in-b-ap-Zmcw kzP\i{Xpw kl-P-Kx.
P\-b-Xoaw kplrZn kqtcym hnkp-J-_-Ôp-£n-Xn-kp-lrXv
`h-\-bpÜw \r]Xn tkhw P\-I-k-¼-Zvhy-b-I-cw.

[\-KX þ kqcy³ cn \n¶mÂ

hnK-X- hn-Zym -hn-\-b hn¯w þ hnZy, hn\-bw, [\w Ch CÃm-¯-h\pw
kvJen-X-hmNw þ hm¡n\p tNmÀ-¨-bp-Å-h\pw
 [237]

(hn¡pÅ-h\pw) Bbn-cn¡pw

kl-P-K þ kqcy³ aq¶n \n¶mÂ

k_-e- iu-cy -{in-b-w- DZmcw þ _ew, iucyw, sFiz-cyw,
HuZmcyw
Ch-bp-Å-h\pw
kzP\i{Xpw-* þ _Ôp¡fpsS i{Xphpw Bbn-cn¡pw.
( * ]mT-t`Zw: hnPnXi{Xpw þ i{Xp¡sf Pbn¡p¶h³ )

kplrZn kqtcym þ kqcy³ \men \n¶mÂ

hnkp-J- _-Ôp -£n-Xn -kp-lrXv `h\apàw þ
kpJw, _Ôp-¡Ä, `qkz-¯v, kplr-¯p¡Ä, hoSv Ch CÃm-¯-h\pw
(]mTt`Zw: `h-\-bpÜw þ cp `h\§tfmSpIqSnbh\mbpw)
\r]Xn tkhw þ cmPm-hns\ tkhn-¡p-¶-h\pw
(C¶s¯ \nebv¡v kÀ¡mÀ tPmenbpw CXn hcpw)
P\-I-k-¼-Zvhy-b-I-cw þ ]nXr-kz¯v hybwsN¿p-¶-h\pwBbn-cn-¡pw.

(3)
kpJ-[-\m-bp-kvX-\-b-lo\w kpa-Xn-am-ß-\y-S-hnKw
{]Yn-X-apÀho-]-Xn-a-cn-Øx kp-Kp-W-k-¼-Zzn-P-b-Kw
\r]-hn-cp²w IpX-\p-a-kvtX f ²z-K-a-Zm-cw -ly-h-aXw
lX-[-\m-bp-Êp-lr-Z-aÀt¡m hnKXZr-jvSnw(1) \n-[-\-Kx

Bß\n þ kqcy³ A©n \n¶mÂ

kpJ -[-\ B-bp- X-\-blo\w þ kpJw, [\w, Bbp-Êv, a¡Ä
Ch CÃm-¯-h\mbpw
kpa-Xn-am-³ þ _p²n-am\mbpw
-A-S-hnKw þ Im«n t]mIp-¶-h\mbpw `hn-¡pw.

A-cn-Ø þ kqcy³ Bdn \n¶mÂ

{]Yn-X-DÀho-]-Xnkp-Kp-Wk-¼-Xvhn-P-b-Kw þkZvKp-Whpw
k¼¯papÅ,
hnP-bn-bmb, cmPm-hmIpw.

A-kvtX þ kqcy³ Ggn \n¶mÂ

 [238]

\r]-hn-cp²w þ cmP-hn-tcm[w
IpX-\p- þ sshcq]yw
A-²z-Kw þ hgn\S¯w / Ae-¨nÂ
A-Zm-cw- þ `mcy-bn-Ãm-¯-h³
A-h-aXw þ A]-am\w (F¶nh ^ew.)

AÀt¡m \n-[-\-K þ kqcy³ F«n \n¶mÂ

lX- [-\ Bbp- kp-lr-Z- þ [\w, Bbp-Êv, kplr-¯p-¡Ä
Ch CÃm-¯-h-\mbpw
hnK-X-ZrjvSn þ AÔ³
(]mT-t`Zw þ hnI-e-Zr-jvSn þ ZrjvSn-ssh-I-ey-ap-Å-h-³ þ sNdphÅn)

(4)
hnP-\-tIm f Àt¡ kkp-X-_-Ôp-kvX-]kn tZh-Zzn-P-a-\mx
kkp-X-bm-\-kvXp-Xn-aXnx {io_e-bimx tJ £nXn-]-Xn
`h-K-X f Àt¡ _lp-[-\m-bpÀhn-K-X-timtIm P\-]Xnx
]nXp-c-ant{Xm hnI-e-t\t{Xm hn[-\-]pt{Xm hyb-K-tX.

X-]kn AÀt¡ þ kqcy³ H¼Xn \n¶mÂ

hnP-\-tIm þ AÑ-\n-Ãm-¯-h-\mbpw
kkp-X-_-Ôp ]p{X-·m-tcmSpw _Ôp-¡-tfmSpw IqSn-b-
h-\mbpw
tZh-Zzn-P-a\m þ tZh-·m-tcbpw {_mÒ-W-·m-tcbpw
_lp-am-\n-¡p-¶-h-\mbpw `hn-¡pw.

tJ þ kqcy³ ]¯n \n¶mÂ

kkp-X- bm-\ kvXp-Xn aXn {io _e bim£nXn]Xnþ ]p{X-·mcpw hml-\-
§fpw {]ikvXnbpw_p²nbpwsFiz-cyhpw _ehpw biÊpw DÅ cmPm-
hmbn `hn-¡pw.
AÀ°t`Zw: kvXpXnaXn þ aäpÅhsc¡pdn¨p \¶mbnam{Xw ]dbm\njvSs¸Sp¶h\pw

`h-K-tX AÀt¡ þ kqcy³ ]Xn-s\m-¶n \n¶mÂ

_lp -[-\ B-bp þ [mcmfw [\hpw BbpÊpw DÅ-
hn-K-X-timtIm þ ZpJ§fn-Ãm¯
P\-]Xn þ cmPm-hm-Ipw.
 [239]

hyb-K-tX þ kqcy³ ]{´n \n¶mÂ

]nXpx- Aant{Xm þ ]nXm-hp-ambn i{XpXbpw
hnI-e-t\t{Xm þ I®n\p sshIeyhpw DÅ-h\pw
hn[-\-]pt{Xm þ [\hpw ]p{X\pw CÃm-¯-h-\pw
Bbn `hn-¡pw.

N{µ³
]£-_-e-apÅ ip`-\mb N{µsâ ^e-amWv ChnsS ]d-bp-¶-Xv. F
´p-sIm-s-¶m ZpØm-\-§-fmb 6,8,12 `mh-§-fn am{X-amWv
ChnsS tZmjw ImWn-¨n-«p-Å-Xv. AtX Imc-Ww-sIm-p-Xs¶ ]m]w
hcp¶ £nW-N-{µsâ ^ew ]m]-{Kl-§Ä¡pÅ \nb-a-a-\p-k-cn-¨v Nn´n-¡-
W-sa¶phcp-¶p.

(5)
kntX Nt{µ etá ZrV-X-\p-c-Z-{`mbp --(1 ) c`tbm
_enjvtTm e£vao-hm³ `hXn hn]-coXw £bKtX
[\mtVym f ´Àhm-Wn hn-j-b-kp-J-hm³ hmNn- hn-Iex (2)
ktlmt° k{`m-Xr-{]-a-Z-_-e-iu-tcym f Xn-Ir-]-Wx .

kntX Nt{µ etá þ shfp¯]£¯nse (]£_eapÅ)

N-{µ³ eá-¯n \n-¶mÂ
ZrV-X-\p- þ ZrV-Km-{X\pw
A-Z-{` B-bp þ hfsc B-bpÊpÅh\pw
(1) ]mTt`Zw: A\Â]mbp þ ZoÀLmbpÊv DÅh\pw
-A`tbm þ \nÀ`-b\pw
_enjvtTm þ _e-hm\pw
e£vao-hm³ `hXn þ [\n-I\pw BIpw.

hmNn þ N-{µ³ cn \n-¶mÂ

[\mtVym þ [\n-I\pw
A´Àhm-Wn þ hnZzm-\pw
hn-j-b-kp-J-hm³ þ hnjbkpJ-§-f-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h\pw

£bKtX þ N{µ\p ]£_e-an-sÃ-¦nÂ

 [240]

hn]-coXw þ ^e-§-sfÃmw hn]-coXambn-cn-¡pw.

hn-Ie þ hnIe³ ( Defective limb -- Kapoor)
]mTt`Zw: hmNn hnIe þ hnIehm¡v

ip`\mb N{µ³ cn A\pIqeamWv. `mhImcI\paÃ. AXp sImv

cnse _eapÅ N{µ³ hm¡n\p sshIeyw hcp¯nÃ. .(_eanÃm¯
N{µ\msW¦n apIfn ]dª aq¶p ^e§fpw Dm hpIbpanÃ.) Xs¶bpaÃ,
cmw`mhs¯ ImWn¡m³ hmNnbÃmsX asämcp hm¡v ChnsS CÃ
Xm\pw.)

ktlmt° N-{µ³ aq¶n \n-¶mÂ

k{`m-Xr {]-a-Z _e iutcym þ ktlm-Z-c-³, aZw,- _ew, iucyw
Ch-bp-Å-h\pw
A-Xn-Ir-]-W þ hfsc ]nip-¡\pw BIpw.

(6)
kpJo -t`mKo XymKo kp-lrZn N kplrZzml\-b-im
k]pt{Xm(1) ta[mho arZp-KXn-c-am-Xy-x kp-X-KtX
AÂ]m-bp-Ý-t{µ f a-Xn-cp-Z-c-tcmKo ]cn-`ho
kvatc- Zr-jvtS -kutaym hc-bp-h-Xn-Im-t´m f -Xnkp-kp-`-
Kx.

kp-lrZn þ N-{µ³ \men \n-¶mÂ

kpJo - þ kpJ-hm\pw (k-´p-jvS-\pw)
t`mKo þ t`mK-§-f-\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h\pw
XymKo þ XymK-io-e\pw
kplrXv hml\ b-im þ kplr-¯p-¡Ä, hml-\-§Ä, biÊv
F¶nh DÅ-h-\pam-bn-cn-¡pw.

kp-X-KtX þ N-{µ³ A©n \n-¶mÂ

kp]pt{Xm þ \Ã ]p{X-cp-Å-h\pw
ta[mho þ _p²n-im-enbpw
arZp-KXn þ arZpKXnbp
A-am-Xy- þ a{´nbpw BIpw.

£tX -N-t{µ N-{µ³ Bdn \n-¶mÂ

 [241]

AÂ]m-bp þ A¸m-bpÊpw
Aa-Xn þ _p²n-bn-Ãm-¯-h-\pw
-DZ-c-tcmKo þ -DZ-c-tcmKnbpw
]cn-`hn þ \nµn-X\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.
kvatc ZrjvtS þ N-{µ³ Ggn \n-¶mÂ
kutaym þ kuay\pw
hc-bp-h-Xo-Im-t´m þ D-¯-a-bmb `mcy-bp-Å-h\pw
-kp-kp-`-K þ kpµ-c\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.
(7)
arXu tcmKy¸m-bp-kvX-]kn ip`-[À½m-ß-kp-X-hm³
Pbo kn²m-cwt`m \`kn ip`-IrXv kXv{]n-b-Icx
a\kzo _lzm-bpÀ[-\-X-\-b-`r-ssXyÊ-l -`th
hytb tZztjym ZpJo ]nip-\ (1)]-cn-`q-tXm- f e-k-X-ax.

arXu þ N-{µ³ F«n \n-¶mÂ

tcmKn þ tcmKnbpw
A¸m-bp- þ A¸m-bpÊpw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

X-]kn þ N-{µ³ H¼Xn \n-¶mÂ

ip`- þ ip`\pw (`m-Ky-hm-\pw)
[À½m-ß þ [À½n-jvT\pw
-kp-X-hm³ þ ]p{X-cp-Å-h\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

\`kn þ N-{µ³ ]¯n \n-¶mÂ

Pbo þ Pbn-¡p-¶-h\pw
kn²m-cwt`m þ XpS-§p-¶-sXÃmw t\Sp-¶-h\pw
ip`-IrXv þ \· sN¿p-¶-h\pw
kXv{]n-b-Ic þ kÖ-\-§Ä¡v CjvS\pw -B-bn-cn-¡pw.

`th þ N-{µ³ ]Xns\m¶n \n-¶mÂ

a\kzo þ a\-kznbpw (k-·-\-Êp-Å-h-\pw)
_lp Bbp [-\ -X-\-b -`r-ssXyx- kl- þ
hfsc Bbp-Êpw [\hpw ]p{X-·mcpw `rXycpw DÅ-h-\mbn-cn-¡pw.

hytb þ N-{µ³ ]{´n \n-¶mÂ

tZztjym þ tZzjy¡mc\pw
 [242]

ZpJo ZpJn-X\pw
]-cn-`q-X þ A]-am-\n-X\pw
Ae-k-X-a þ Ae-k\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.
* ]mT-t`-Zw: ]nip-\ þ GjWn¡mc\pw

IpP³
]m]-\m-b-Xn-\m ZpØm-\§fmb 3, 6 `mh-§-fnepw s]mXpth KpW-
^ew sN¿p¶ 10, 11 `mh-§-fn-epamWv IpP³ A\p-Iq-ew.

(8)
£X-X-\p-c-Xn-{Iq-tcm f ¸-mbp--kvX\u L\-kmlko
hNkn hnaptJm \nÀhn-ZymÀ°x IptP IpP-\m-{inXx
kpKpW [\-hm³ iqtcm f [r-jy-x kpJo hy\p-tPm f \ptP
kplrZn hnkp-lr-·m-Xr-t£m-Wo-kp-Jm-e-b-hm-l-\x.

X\u þ IpP³ eá¯n \n-¶mÂ

£X-X-\p þ £Xw (ap-dn-hv) DÅ icocw
-AXn-{Iq-c þ hfsc {Iqc³
A¸-mbp þ A¸m-bpÊv
L\-kmlko þ AXn-km-lkwsN¿p-¶-h³ Ch ^ew.

hNkn IptP þ IpP³ cn \n-¶mÂ

hnaptJm þ hnapJ³*
\nÀhn-ZymÀ° þ hnZybpw [\hpw CÃm-¯-h\pw
IpP-\m-{inX þ ZpÀÖ\-§sf B{ibn¡p-¶-h\pw
Bbn-cn-¡pw.
* hnapJw F¶ hm¡n\v Xm¸cyanÃm¯, hne£Wamb apJapÅ
Fs¶ms¡ AÀ°w ]dbmw. DÕmlanÃm¯h³ F¶ AÀ°amWv HcmÄ
sImSp¯ncn¡p¶Xv. i\n cn \n-¶mepw hnapJXzw ]dbp ¶pv. apJamb
cmw`mh¯n ]m]³ \n¶m hcmhp¶ A`wKn bmWv Dt±in¡p¶sX¶p
tXm¶p¶p. A\p`h¯nÂ, cn sNmÆ bpÅhcn hm¡nse abanÃmbva
BWv km[mcW {]ISambn ImWp ¶Xv. Hcp ap¨ppw A\p`h¯nep.v

A-\ptP þ IpP³ aq¶n \n-¶mÂ

kpKpW þ kZvKp-W-§fpÅh\pw
[\-hm³ þ [\n-I\pw
 [243]

iqtcm- þ iqc\pw
A[r-jy- þ AP-¿\pw
kpJo þ kpJ-§Ä A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h\pw
hnA\p-tPm þ A\p-P-·m-cn-Ãm-¯-h-\pw- B-bn-
cn-¡pw.
(ImcI³ `mh¯nÂ)

kplrZn þ IpP³ \men \n-¶mÂ

hnkp-lr-Xv am-Xr -t£m-Wo- kp-J B-e-b- hm-l-\w þ kplr-¯p-¡Ä,
amXm-hv, `qan, kpJw, hoSv, hml\w F¶nh CÃm-¯-h-\m-bn-cn-¡pw.

(9)
hnkp-J-X-\-tbm- f \À°-{]mbx kptX -]n-ip-t\m- f Â][ox
{]_-e-a-Z\x {ioam³ JymtXm cn]u hnPbo \r]x
A\p-Nn-X-Itcm tcmKmÀt¯m f kvtX f [ztKm arX-Zm-c-hm³
IpX-\p-c-[-t\m f ¸m-bp-Ýnt{Z IptP P\-\n-µn-Xx.

kptX þ IpP³ A©n \n-¶mÂ

hnkp-J-X-\-tbm A-\À°-{]mbþ kpJw, a¡Ä, [\w Ch
CÃm-¯-h-\mbpw
]n-ip-t\m þ GjWn¡mc\pw
Aev][o þ aµ_p-²nbpw BIpw.

cn]u þ IpP³ Bdn \n-¶mÂ

{]_-e-a-Z\ þ ià-amb Ima-ap-Å-h-\mbpw
{ioam³ þ [\n-I-\mbpw
JymtXm þ {]i-kvX-\mbpw
hnPbo þ hnP-bn-bmbpw
\r] þ cmPm-hm-bpw `hn-¡pw.

AkvtX þ IpP³ Ggn \n-¶mÂ

A\p-Nn-X-Itcm þ DNn-X-a-Ãm-¯Xp sN¿p-¶-h-\mbpw-
tcmKmÀt¯m- þ tcmKw-sImp ZpJn¡p-¶-h\mbpw
A[ztKm þ \S¶p hnj-an-¡p-¶-h-\mbpw
arX-Zm-c-hm³ þ hn`m-cy-\mbpw `hn-¡pw.
 [244]

Ont{Z IptP þ IpP³ F«n \n-¶mÂ

IpX-\p þ hncq]nbpw
-A[-t\m þ [\-an-Ãm-¯h\pw
A¸m-bp- þ A¸m-bpÊpw
P\-\n-µn-X þ \nµn-X\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

(10)
\r]-kp-lr-Z]n tZztjym f XmX-x ipt` P\-Lm-XtIm
\`kn \r]Xnx {Iqtcm ZmXm {][m-\-Pss\x kvXpXx
[\-kp-J-bp-tXm- f tim-I-x iqtcm `th kpKpWx (1) IptP
\b-\-hn-IrXx {Iqtcm f Zmtcm hytb ]nip-t\m f [-ax
(1)]mT-t`Zw þ kpioex
ipt` þ IpP³ H¼Xn \n-¶mÂ
\r]-kp-lr-Xv þ cmPm-hnsâ kplr¯pw
tZztjym þ tZzjy¡m-c\pw
AXmX þ AÑ-\n-Ãm-¯-h\pw
P\-Lm-XtIm þ P\-t{Zm-lnbpw Bbncn¡pw.

\`kn þ IpP³ ]¯n \n-¶mÂ

\r]Xn þ cmPmhpw
{Iqtcm þ {Iqc\pw
ZmXm þ Zm\-io-e\pw
{][m-\-Pss\x kvXpXx þ {][m-\n-I-fm kvXpXn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-h\pw
Bbn-cn-¡pw.
`th þ IpP³ ]Xns\m¶n \n¶mÂ
[\-kp-J-bp-tXm - þ [\t¯mSpw kpJt¯mSpw IqSn-b-h\pw
Atim-I þ timI-an-Ãm-¯-h\pw
-iqtcm þ iqc\pw
kpKpW þ KpW-hm\pw
`thXv Bbn-cn¡pw.

hytb þ IpP³ ]{´n \n-¶mÂ

\b-\-hn-IrX þ t\{X-ssh-IeyapÅ-h\pw
{Iqtcm þ {Iqc\pw
A-Zmtcm þ `mcy-bn-Ãm-¯-h-\pw
 [245]

]nip-t\m- þ GjWn¡mc\pw
A[-a þ A[-a-\pw Bbn `hn-¡pw.

_p[³
ip`-\mb _p[³ 6, 12 Hgn¨pÅ FÃm `mh-§-fnepw KpWw sN¿pw.
(11)
ZoÀLmbpÀÖ-·\n tÚ a[p-c-N-Xp-c-hmIv
kÀh-im-kv{XmÀ°-t_m-[x
kymZv _pt²ym-]mÀÖn-Xkzx Ihn-c-a-e-hNm
hmNn-arjvSm-¶-t`màm
iutcyx iqcx -k-ambpx kpk-l-P-k-lnXx
k{itam ssZ\y-bpàx
kwJym-hm³ NmSp-hmIyx kplr-Zn -kp-J-kp-lrXv þ
t£{X-[m-\ymÀ°-t`m-Ko.

P-·\n tÚ þ _p[³ eá-¯n \n¶mÂ

ZoÀLmbp þ ZoÀLm-bpÊpÅ-h\pw
a[p-c -N-Xp-c -hmIv þ a[p-c-ambpw kc-k--ambpw kwkmcn¡p¶-
h\pw
kÀh-im-kv{XmÀ°-t_m-[þ kÀh-im-kv{XmÀ°-§fpw a\-Ên-em-¡n-b-
h\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

hmNnw þ _p[³ cn \n¶mÂ

_pt²ym-]mÀÖn-Xkz þ _p²n D]-tbm-Kn¨v Dm-¡nb
[\-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h\pw
Ihn þ Ihnbpw
-A-a-e-hNm þ If-¦-an-Ãm¯ hmt¡m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h\pw
arjvSm-¶ -t`màm þ `£-W-kpJw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h\pw
Bbn-cn-¡pw.

iutcy þ _p[³ aq¶n \n¶mÂ

iqc - þ iqc\pw
kambp þ icm-icn BbpÊpÅh\pw
kpk-l-P-k-lnX þ \Ã ktlm-Z-c-·m-tcm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h\pw
k{itam þ ]cn{iat¯mSpIqSnbh\pw
 [246]

ssZ\y-bpà þ Zo\\pw

kplr-Zn þ _p[³ \men \n¶mÂ

kwJym-hm³ þ ]WvUn-X\pw
NmSp-hmIy þ a[pcambn kwkmcn¡p-¶-h-\pw
kp-J- kp-lrXv t£{X- [m-\y AÀ° -t`m-Ko þ kpJhpw kplr-¯p-¡fpw
`qkz¯pw [m\yhpw [\hpw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h-\m-bn-cn-¡pw.
(12)
hnZym -ku-Jy -{]-Xm-]x -{]-Np-c-kp-X-bptXm
am{´nIx ]©-atØ
PmX-t{Imt[m hnhm-ssZÀZznjn cn]p-_-e-lþ
-´m-etkm \njvTp-tcmànx
{]mtÚm f kvtX Nmcp-thjx kk-I-e-a-lnamw
bmXn `mcymw khn¯mw
hnJym-Xm-Jy-Ýn-cmbpx Ipe-`r-Z-[n-]-XnÀþ
tÚ - f jvSta ZÞ-t\-Xm.

]©-atØ þ _p[³ A©n \n¶mÂ

hnZym- ku-Jy- {]-Xm-]- {]-Np-c-kp-X-bptXm þ
hnZy, kuJyw, {]Xm-]w, hfsc a¡Ä F¶n-h-bp-Å-h\pw
am{´nI þ am{´nI\p-am-bn-cn-¡pw

Zznjn _p[³ i{Xp`mh-¯n (BdnÂ) \n¶mÂ

PmX-t{Imt[m hnhm-ssZ þ hnhm-Z§-fn tIm]w- hcp-¶-h\pw
cn]p-_-e-l-´m þ i{Xp-hnsâ _es¯ \in-¸n-¡p-¶-h\pw
-Aetkm þ Ae-k\pw
\njvTp-tcmàn þ {Iqc-ambnkwkm-cn-¡p-¶-h\pw Bbn-cn-
¡pw.

{]mtÚm AkvtX þ _p[³ Ggn \n¶mÂ

Nmcp-thjx þ at\m-l-c-amb thj-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-
h\pw
kk-I-e-a-lnam þ kIe alnaItfmSpIqSnbh\pw
`mcymw khn¯mw þ [\n-Ibmb `mcytbmSp IqSnbh\pw
Bbn-cn-¡pw.
tÚ A-jvSta þ _p[³ F«n \n¶mÂ
 [247]

hnJym-Xm-Jy- þ t]cp-tI-«-h-\pw
Nn-cmbp þ ZoÀLm-bpÊpÅh\pw
Ipe-`r-Z-[n-]-Xn þ Ipe-]-Xn-bpw
ZÞt\-Xm þ in£m-[n-Im-cn-bpw Bbn `hn-¡pw.
(13)
hnZymÀ°mNmc-[Àss½x kl X]kn _pt[
kymXv {]-ho-tWm f Xn-hmKvao
kn²m-cw-`-x kp-hn-Zym-_-e-a-Xn-kp-J-kXvþ
IÀ½-k-Xym-\znXx tJ
_lzm-bpx -k-Xy-ktÔm hn]p-e-[-\-kptXm (1)
em`tK `rXybptàm
Zot\m hnZym-hn-lo\x ]cn-`-h-k-lntXmf
t´y \riw-tkm f -ekÝ.
(1) ]mT-t`Zw þ kpJo

X]kn _pt[ þ _p[³ H¼-Xn \n¶mÂ

hnZy AÀ° BNmc -[Àss½x klþ
hnZy, [\w, BNmcw, [À½w F¶n-h-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h\pw
{]-ho-tWm þ kaÀ°\pw
A-Xn-hmÜn þ henb hmÜnbpw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

tJ þ _p[³ ]¯n \n¶mÂ

kn²m-cw-`- þ XpS-§p¶ Imcy-§-fn-seÃmw
hnP-bn-¡p-¶-h\pw
kp-hn-Zym- _-e- a-Xn- kp-J- kÂIÀ½- k-Xym-\znXþ hnZy,- _-ew,
_p²n, kpJw, kÂI-À½w, kXy-k-ÔX F¶n-h-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h\pw
Bbn-cn-¡pw.

em`tK þ _p[³ ]Xns\m¶n \n¶mÂ

_lp B-bp- þ [mcmfw BbpÊpÅh\pw
k-Xy-ktÔm þ k-Xy-kÔ\pw
hn]p-e- [-\ -kptXm(1) `rXybptàmþ hfsc [\-t¯mSpw ]p{X-tcmSpw
`rXytcmSpw IqSn-b-h-\pw Bbn-cn-
¡pw.
 [248]

At´y þ _p[³ ]{´n \n¶mÂ

Zot\m þ Zo\\pw
hnZym-hn-lo\ þ ]Tn-¸n-Ãm-¯-h-\mbpw
]cn-`-h-k-lntXm þ Ah-am-\n-X\pw
\riw-tkm þ {Iqc\pw
A-ek þ Ae-k\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

hymgw
Kpcp ip`-\m-b-Xn-\m ZpØm-\-§-fmb 3, 6, 8, 12 Hgn-¨pÅ
`mh-§-fnÂ, AXm-b-Xv 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9, 10, 11 `mh-§-fnÂ, \Ã ^ew
sN¿pw.

(14)
tim`m-hm³ kpIrXo Nncmbpc`tbm etá Kpcu km-ßtPm
hmÜo t`mP\-km-c-hmwÝ kpaptJm hnt¯ [\o tImhnZx
kmhÚx Ir]Wx {]Xo-X-k-l-P-x- iutcy f L-IrXv ZpjvS-[oÀþ
ºÔu amXr-kp-lr-Xv]-cnÑZkpX-kv{Xo-ku-Jy-[m\ym-\zn-Xx.

etá Kpcu þ Kpcp eá-¯n \n¶mÂ

tim`m-hm³ þ icocIm´n-bp-Å-h\pw
kpIrXo þ ]pWy-hm-\pw
Nncmbp þ ZoÀLm-bp-Êp-Å-h\pw
A`tbm þ \nÀ`-b\pw
-km-ßtPm þ ]p{X·-mc-p-Å-h\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

hnt¯ Kpcp cn \n¶mÂ

hmÜo þ hmÜnbpw
t`mP-\-km-c-hmwÝ þ \à `£-W¯n -XÂ]-c\pw
kpaptJm þ kpap-J\pw
[\o þ [\n-I\pw
tImhnZ þ hnZzm\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

iu-tcy þ Kpcp aq¶n \n¶mÂ

kmhÚx þ Ah-Ú-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h\pw (\n-µn-
X-\pw)
Ir]W þ ]nip-¡\pw
 [249]

{]Xo-X-k-l-P-- þ {]kn-²-\mb ktlm-Z-c-t\mSp Iq-Sn-b-

h\pw
AL-IrXv þ ]m]-§Ä sN¿p-¶-h\pw
ZpjvS-[o þ ZpÀºp²nbpw BIpw

._Ôu þ Kpcp \men \n¶mÂ

amXr- þ amXm-hv,
kp-lr-Xv þ kplr-¯p-¡Ä
]-cnÑZw* þ ]cn-hm-cw
kpXkv{Xo-ku-Jy-[m\yA\zn-Xx -þ a¡Ä, `mcy, kpJw, [m\y-k-
ar-²n-
F¶nhtbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³ Bbn-cn-¡pw.

(15)
]pss{Xx -t¢-i-bptXm(1) alo-i-k-Nnthm [oam³ kpXtØ Kpcu
jjvtT kymZ-e-tkm f cnlm ]co-`ho a{´m-`n-Nmtc ]Spx
kXv]Xv\okpX-hm³ atZ- f Xn-kp-`-K-kvXmXmZpZm-tcm f [ntIm
Zot\m PohXn tkhbm Iep-j-`mKv ZoÀLm-bp-cn-jvtSm f jvS-ta.(1)
]mTt`Zw: cn-tPym-jvS-ta

kpXtØ Kpcu þ Kpcp A©n \n¶mÂ

]pss{Xx -t¢-i-bptXm þ ]p{X-ZpxJw (Im-c-I³ `mh-¯nÂ)
alo-i-k-Nnthm, [oam³þ cmPa{´nbpw _p²n-am-\pw
Bbn-cn-¡pw.

jjvtT þ Kpcp Bdn \n¶mÂ

Aetkm Acnlm ]co-`ho a{´m-`n-Nmtc ]Sp þ Ae-k\pw i{Xp-¡sf \in-¸n-
¡p-¶-h\pw \nµn-X\pw (A-]am\nX\pw) a{´-hmZw, B`n-Nmcw ChI-
fn kaÀ° \pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

.
atZ þ Kpcp Ggn \n¶mÂ
kXv]Xv\o kpX-hm³ þ \Ã `mcy-tbm-Spw -]p{X-·m-tcm-SpwIq-
Sn-b-h\pw
 [250]

AXn-kp-`-K- þ hfsc kpµc\pw

-XmXmXv A-[ntIm DZm-tcm þ AÑ-t\-¡mÄ A[nIw Zm\-io-e\pw
Bbn-cn-¡pw

AjvS-ta þ Kpcp F«n \n¶mÂ

Zot\m þ Zo\\pw
PohXn tkhbm þ aäp-Å-hsc tkhn¨p Pohn-¡p-¶-h\pw
Iep-j-`mKv þ ]m]w-sN-¿p-¶-h\pw
ZoÀLm-bp þ ZoÀLm-bp-Êp-Åh\pw
-C-jvtSm- þ (FÃmhÀ¡pw) {]nbs¸«h\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw
.
(16)
JymX-x k³ kNnhx ipt` f À°-kp-X-hm³
kym²À½-Im-tcymÂkpIx
kzmNmcx kpbim \`-ky-Xn-[-\o
Poth alo-i-{]nbx
BbtØ [\n-tIm f `-tbm f ¸-X-\tbm
ssPhm-XrtIm bm\tKm
tZztjym [n¡r-X-hmIv(1) hytb hnX-\bx
kmtLm (2) f e-kxtkh-Ix.
]mT-t`Zw þ (1) tZzjym²n¡r-X-hmI v (2) kwtLm

ipt` þ Kpcp H¼-Xn \n¶mÂ

JymX- þ {]kn-²\pw
kNnh a{´nbpw
AÀ°-kp-X-hm³ þ [\hpw a¡fpw DÅ-h\pw
[À½-Im-tcymÂkpI þ [mÀ½n-I-Im-cy-§fn Xm¸-
cy-ap-Å-h\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.
\`-kn Poth þ Kpcp ]¯n \n¶mÂ
kzmNmc þ kz BNmcw, kzIÀ½w, A\p-
jvTn-¡p-¶-h\pw
kpbim þ \Ã bi-tÊm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h\pw
AXn-[-\o þ hfsc [\-hm\pw
 [251]

alo-i-{]nb þ cmPm-hn\p {]nb-ap-Å-h\pwBbn-cn-

¡pw.
BbtØ þ Kpcp ]Xns\m¶n \n¶mÂ
[\n-tIm- þ [\n-I\pw
A`-tbm þ `b-an-Ãm-¯-h\pw
A¸-X-\tbm þ a¡Ä Ipd-ª-h\pw
ssPhm-XrtIm - þ hfsc BbpÊpÅh\pw
bm\tIm þ hml-\-§-fp-Å-h\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

hytb þ Kpcp ]{´n \n¶mÂ

tZztjym þ tZzjyapÅh³
[n¡mchmIv þ [n¡mct¯msS kwkmcn¡p¶h³
hnX-\b þ a¡-fn-Ãm-¯-h-\pw
kmL þ kAL þ AL-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³ þ ]m]nbpw
Ae-k þ Ae-k\pw
-tkh-I þ tkh-I\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

ip{I³
3, 6, 7 Hgn-¨pÅ `mh-§-fn ip{I³ ip`-^ew \ÂIpw.

(17)
X\u -kp-X\p ZrIv{]nbw kpJn-\-tah ZoÀLm-bpjw
ItcmXn Ihn-cÀ°Kx Ihn-a-t\-I-hn-¯m-\znXw
hnZm-c-kp-Jk¼Zw Ir]-W-a-{]nbw hn{Ita
kphm-l-\-Krlw kpam-`-c-W-h-kv{X-KÔw kptJ.

X\u þ ip{I³ eá-¯n \n¶mÂ

kp-X\p þ \Ã (kpµcamb) icocw
ZrIv{]nbw þ ImgvNbv¡p {]nbw-Icw
kpJn-\-w Gh þ kpJ-§Ä A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h\pw
ZoÀLm-bpjw þ ZoÀLm-bp-ÊpÅ-h\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

Ihn- AÀ°K þ ip{I³ cn \n¶mÂ

Ihn- þ Ihn-bmbpw
At\-I-hn-¯m-\znXw þ hfsc [\-ap-Å-h\mbpw `hn-¡pw.
 [252]

hn{Ia þ ip{I³ aq¶n \n¶mÂ

hnZm-c-kp-Jk¼Zw þ `mcybpw kpJhpw k¼¯pw
CÃm-¯-h-\mbpw
Ir]-W-\pw þ ]nip-¡\mbpw
A-{]nbw þ {]nbw-I-c-a-Ãm-¯-h-\mbpw `hn-¡pw.

ktJ þ ip{I³ \men \n¶mÂ

kphm-l-\ -Krlw kpa B`-c-W h-kv{X KÔwþ
\à hml\w, hoSv, ]q¡Ä, B`-cWw,hkv{Xw,kpK-Ô-{Zhy§Ä F¶nhDÅ-
h-\m-bn-cn-¡pw.
(]m-T-t`Zw þ kphm-l\kpaµncm-`-cW.. CXn kpaw CÃ.)

(18)
AJ-Þn-X-[\w \r]w kpa-Xn-amßtP kmßPw
hni-{Xp-a-[\w £tX bph-Xn-Zq-jnXw hn¢_w
k`m-cy-(1)a-k-Xo-cXw arX-I-f-{X-amVyw(2) atZ
Nncm-bp-jan-fm-[n]w [\n-\-a-jvSta kwØn-Xx.(3)
(1) ]mT-t`Zw þ kp`mcy (2) -auVyw (3) `mÀ¤h

B-ßtP þ ip{I³ A©n \n¶mÂ

AJ-WvUn-X-[\w þ Afhä [\-ap-Å-h\pw
\r]w þ cmPmhpw
kpa-Xn- þ _p²n-am-\pw
k BßPw þ a¡-fp-Å-h\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

£tX þ ip{I³ Bdn \n¶mÂ

hni-{Xp- þ i{Xp-¡-fn-Ãm-¯-h-\pw
A-[\w þ [\-an-Ãm-¯-h-\pw
bph-Xn-Zq-jnXw þ bph-Xn-I-fm Zpjn-¡-s¸-Sp-¶-
h-\pw
hn¢_w þ ZpJn-X\pw

atZ þ ip{I³ Ggn \n¶mÂ

k`m-cy þ `mcytbmSp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\mbpw
-Ak-Xo-cXw þ No¯-kv{Xo-I-fp-ambn _Ô-ap-Å-h-\mbpw
arX-I-f-{XauVyw þ `mcy- a-cn-¨ hnjat¯mSp IqSnbh\pw
 [253]

(Im-c-I³ `mh-¯nÂ) Bbn-cn-¡pw.

A-jvSta kwØn-X þ ip{I³ F«n \n¶mÂ

Nncm-bp-jva þ ZoÀLm-bp-Êp-Å-h\pw
C-fm-[n]w þ cmPmhpw (`q-hp-Sa F¶p-am-Imw.)
[\n-\- þ [\-hm-\pw Bbn `hn-¡pw.

(19)
kZm-c-kp-lr-Zm-ßPw £nXn-]-e-_v[-`mKyw ipt`
\`-ky-Xn-b-i-x kp-lr-Õp-J-Z(1)hr¯n-bpàw {]`pw
[\m-Vy-an-X-cmw-K-\m-c-X-a-t\-I-kuJyw `th
`rKpÀÖ-\-bXn hytb kc-Xn-ku-Jy-hn-¯-Zyp-Xnw.
(1) ]mT-t`Zw þ kpJnX, kplrZ

ipt` þ ip{I³ H¼Xn \n¶mÂ

kZm-c-kp-lr-Zm-ßPw þ
`mcy, kplr-¯p-¡Ä, a¡Ä F¶n-h-tcm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h\pw
£nXn-] e-_v[w- `mKyw þ
cmPm-hnÂ\n¶pw e`n¨ `mKyt¯mSp-Iq-Sn-b-h-\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.
\`-kn þ ip{I³ ]¯n \n¶mÂ
AXn-b-i -kp-lr-Xv kp-J-Zhr¯n -bpàw þ
hfsc IoÀ¯nbpw kp-lr-¯p¡fpw kpJ-I-c-amb {]hr-¯nbpw
DÅ-h-\mbpw
{]`pw þ -{]`p-hmbpw Ccn-¡pw.

`th þ ip{I³ ]Xns\m¶n \n¶mÂ

[\m-Vy þ [\n-I\pw
CX-c Aw-K-\m-c-Xw þ ]c-kv{Xo-_Ô-apÅ-h\pw
-At\-I-kuJyw þ ]ehn[ kpJ-§fpw A\p-`-hn-¡p-
¶-h\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

`rKp hytb þ -ip{I³ ]{´n \n¶mÂ

kc-Xn-ku-Jy þ cXn-kpJ-w (kv{Xo-kp-Jw)
-hn-¯ þ [\w
 [254]

-Zyp-Xnw þ tZl-Im´n Ch-bp-Å-h-\m-bn-

cn-¡pw.

i\n
]m]-\mb i\n 3, 6, 10, 11 `mh-§-fnemWv KpWw sN¿p-I.
i\n \n¡p-¶Xv eá-¯n-em-sW-¦nÂ, B e-áw Xsâ cmintbm (a-I-cw,
Ipw`w) D¨tam (Xp-emw) -BsW-¦nÂ, \Ã ^ew {]Xo-£n-¡mw.

(20)
tkzmt¨ kzIo-b-`-ht\ £nXn-]m-e-Xpteym
etá f À¡tP `hXn tZi-]p-cm-[n-\mYx
titjjp ZpxJ-]-cn-]o-UoX Gh _mtey
Zmcn-{Zy-Zpx-J-h-itKm aen-t\m -fe-k-Ý.
etá AÀ¡tP þ i\n eá-¯n \n¶mÂ, B eáw
tkzmt¨ þ i-\n-bpsS D¨cmintbm (Xp-emw)
kzIo-b-`-ht\ þ i-\n-bpsSkzt£-{X-tam(a-I-cw,-Ipw-`w)BsW-¦nÂ
£nXn-]m-e-Xpteym þ cmP-Xp-ey-\mbn
tZi-]p-cm-[n-\mYx þ tZi¯nsâtbm ]p-c-¯nsâtbm \mY-\mbn
`hXn þ `hn-¡p-¶p.
titjjp þ tijw cmin-IÄ eá-ambn i\n AXn \n¶mÂ
ZpxJ-]-cn-]o-UnX Gh _mtey þ
_mey-¯n hfsc ZpJ§Ä A\p`hnt¡n hcp¶h\pw
Zmcn-{Zy-Zpx-J-h-itKm aen-t\m-e-k-Ýþ
Zcn-{Z\pw aen-\\pw Ae-k\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.
(21)
hnap-J-a-[\aÀt°\ymb-h-´w(1) N ]Ýmþ
ZnX-c-P-\-]-YØw bm\-(2) t`m-KmÀ°-bpàw
hn]p-e-a-Xn-ap-Zmcw Zmc-kuJyw N iutcy
P\-bXn chn-]p-{XÝmekw hn¢-_-©.
(1) ]mTt`Zw: \ymbh´w (2) \ymbw

AÀt° þ i\n cn \n¶mÂ

hnap-Jw þ hnapJ\pw (tÇmIw 8 ImWpI)
A-[\w þ [\-an-Ãm-¯-h\pw
A\ymb-h-´ \ymbw t\m¡m¯h\pw
(]mTt`Zw: \ymbh´w þ \ymbhm³ )
 [255]

]ÝmXv þ ]n¶oSv
CX-c-P-\-]-YØw þ adp-\m-«n Ign-tbn hcp¶-h\pw
bm\-t`m-KmÀ°-bpàw þ (At¸mÄ) hml\w, kpJw, [\w –
Ch-bp-m-Ip-¶-h\pw- Bbn-cn-¡pw.
aebmfw hymJym\§fn A\ymb-h-´w \ymbh´hpw
bm\w \ymbhpamWv. ]m]sâ \ymbw Nn´nt¡ hnjbamWv.

iutcy chn-]p-{X þ i\n aq¶n \n¶mÂ

hn]p-e-a-Xn þ henb _p²n-am\pw
D-Zmcw þ Zm\-io-e\pw
Zmc-kuJyw þ `mcym-kpJ-ap-Å-h\pw
A-ekw þ Ae-k\pw
hn¢-_w þ ZpJn-X\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

(22)
ZpxJo kymZv Krl-bm\ amXr-hnbptXm
_mtey kcp-Kv _-Ôpt`
{`mt´m -Úm-\-kp-XmÀ°-lÀj-c-lntXm
[otØ itTm ZpÀ½Xnx
_lzmio {Zhn-Wm-\zntXm cn]p-ltXm (t\m)
[rjvSÝ am\o cn]u
ImatØ chntP IpZm-c-\n-ctXm
\ntkzm f ²ztKm hnlz-ex.

_-Ôpt` þ i\n \men \n¶mÂ

ZpxJo kymXv þ ZpJnbmbpw
Krl -bm\ amXr- hnbptXm þ
hoSv, hml-\w, A½ Ch CÃm-¯-h-\mbpw
_mtey kcp-Iv þ _mem-cnjvSv DÅ-h-\m-bpw `hn¡pw.

[otØ þ i\n A©n \n¶mÂ

{`mt´m- þ {`m´\pw
Úm-\- kp-X AÀ°- lÀj- c-lntXm þ
Úm\hpw ]p{Xcpw [\hpw kt´mjhpw CÃm-¯-h\pw
itTm þ iT\pw
ZpÀ½Xn þ ZpÀºp-²nbpw Bbn-cn-¡pw.
 [256]

cn]u þ i\n Bdn \n¶mÂ

_lzmizo þ Xoä-{]n-b\pw
{Zhn-Wm-\zntXm þ [\nI\pw
cn]p-ltXm þ i{Xp-¡sf Pbn-¡p-¶-h\pw
[rjvSÝ þ [oc\pw
am\o þ A`n-am-\nbpw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

ImatØ chntP þ i\n Ggn \n¶mÂ

IpZm-c-\n-ctXm þ No¯ `mcy-bn \nc-X-\pw
\ntkzm þ Zcn-{Z-\pw
A²ztKm þ \S-¶-e-bp-¶-h\pw
hnlz-e þ t]Sn-¨-h\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

(23)
iss\-Ýtcm arXn-kvYntX aeo-a-tkm f Àitkm f hkpx
Icm-f-[oÀ_p-`p-£n-X-x kp-lr-Ö-\m-h-am-\n-Xx.

iss\-Ýtc arXn-kvYntX þ i\n F«n \n¶mÂ

aeo-a-tkm þ aen-\\pw
AÀitkm þ AÀi-Êp-Å-h\pw
Ahkp þ [\-an-Ãm-¯-h-\pw
Icm-f-[o þ `b-¦c_p-²n-tbm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h\pw
_p-`p-£n-X þ hni-¸-S-§m-¯-h\pw
-kp-lr-Ö-\m-h-am-\n-X þ kplr-¯p-¡-fm Ah-am-\n-¡-
s¸-Sp-¶-
h\pw Bbncn¡pw.
(24)
`mKymÀ°m-ß-P-Xm-X-[À½-c-lntXm atµ ipt` ZpÀÖt\m
a{´o hm \r]-XnÀ²\o Irjn-]-cx- iqcx {]kn-t²m f w-_tc
_lzmbpx Ønc-k-¼-Zm-b-N-cntX(1) iqtcm hntcmtKm [\o
\nÀÃ-ÖmÀ°-kptXm hytb f w-K-hn-Item aqÀtJm cn]p-Õm-cnXx
(1) ]mT-t`Zw þ klnX

atµ ipt` þ i\n H¼Xn \n¶mÂ

`mKy þ `mKyw
 [257]

AÀ° þ [\w
Bß-P- þ a¡Ä
Xm-X- þ Aѳ
[À½- þ [À½w
c-lntXm þ Ch-bn-Ãm-¯-h-\mbpw
ZpÀÖt\m þ ZpÀÖ-\-ambpw `hn-¡pw.

Aw_tc þ i\n ]¯n \n¶mÂ

a{´o þ a{´n
hm þ AsÃ-¦nÂ
\r]-Xn þ cmPmhpw
[\o þ [\n-I\pw
Irjn-]-c þ IÀj-I\pw
-iqc þ iqc\pw
{]knt²m þ {]kn-²\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw
.
BbNcntX (klntX) þ i\n ]Xn-s\m¶n \n¶mÂ
_lzmbp þ hfsc Bbp-Êp-Å-h\pw
Ønc-k-¼-Xv þ \in-¡m-¯- kz¯pÅh\pw
(Øn-c-h-cp-am-\-ap-Å-h-\pw)
iqtcm þ iqc\pw
hntcmtKm(hntcmKo) þ tcmK-§-fn-Ãm-¯-h\pw
[\o þ [\nI\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

hytb þ i\n ]{´-n \n¶mÂ

\nÀÃÖmÀ° kptXm þ \mWw, [\w, a¡Ä Ch CÃm¯-h-\pw
Aw-K-hn-Item þ hnI-emw-K\pw
aqÀtJm þ hnh-c-an-Ãm-¯-h\pw
cn]p-Õm-cn-X þ i{Xp-¡-fm tXm¸n-¡-s¸-«-
h\pw
BIpw.

cmlp
cmlphpw tIXphpw 3,6,11 `mh-§-fn-emWv KpWw sN¿p-I.
 [258]

(25)
etá f lmh Nncm-bp-cÀ°-_-e-hm-\qÀ²zmw-K-tcm-Km-\zn-Xþ
Ñt¶m-ànÀap-J-cpKv {hWo (1) \r]-[\o hnt¯ ktcm-jx -kpJo
am\o {`mXr-hn-tcm-[tIm ZrV-a-Xnx- iutcy Nncm-bpÀ²\o
aqÀtJm thiva-\n -Zpx-J-IrXv kkp-lr-Z¸mbpx IZm-NnXv kpJo
(4).
]mT-t`Zw þ (1) LrWo (2) thiva-hnZpx-J (3) kptJ

etáAlmh þ cmlp eá-¯n \n¶mÂ

ANncm-bp þ BbpÊp Ipd-ªh\pw
-AÀ°- _-e-hm-³ þ [\w, _ew Ch-bp-Å-h\pw
DuÀ²zmw-K-tcm-Km-\zn-X þ intcm-tcm-Kn-bpw BIpw.

hnt¯ þ cmlp cn \n¶mÂ

Ot¶m-àn þ ad-¨p-sh¨p kwkm-cn-¡p-¶-h\pw
ap-J-cpKv apJtcmK-§-fp-Å-h\pw
{hWo þ {hW-ap-Å-h\pw
\r]-[\o þ cmP-[-\-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h\pw
ktcm-j- þ tZzjy-¡m-c\pw
kpJo þ kpJn-bmbpw `hn-¡pw.
iutcy þ cmlp aq¶n \n¶mÂ
am\o þ A`n-am-\nbpw
{`mXr-hn-tcm-[tIm þ ktlm-Z-c-·mÀ¡p hntcm[w sN¿p-¶-h\pw
ZrV-a-Xn- þ Dd¨ a\-Êp-Å-h\pw
Nncm-bp þ ZoÀLm-bp-Êp-Å-h\pw
[\o þ [\n-I\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

thiva\n þ cmlp \men \n¶mÂ

aqÀtJm þ aqÀJ\pw (A-dn-hn-Ãm-¯-h-\pw)
Zpx-J-IrXv þ ho«n ZpJ-§-fp-m-¡p-¶-h\pw
kkp-lr-Zv þ kplr-¯p-¡-fp-Å-h\pw
A¸mbp þ A¸m-bpÊpw
IZm-NnXv kpJo þ Nnet¸mÄ kpJnbpw Bbncn-¡pw.
 [259]

(26)
\mtkm-Zy-Zz-Nt\m kptX ITn-\-lr-{Zmtlm kptX Ip£n-cpIv
ZznSv{Iq-c-{K-l-]o-Un-X-x k-Kp-Z-cpIv {ioam³ Nncmbpx £tX
kv{Xokw-Km-Z-[t\m atZ N hn[ptcm (1) hocy-kz-X-t{´m f ¸[o
ct{Ô ànÀap-J-cpKv¸mbp-c-ip-²n-Ir¨ hnItem hmXm-a-tbm f Â]m-ßPx.

cmlu kptX þ cmlp A©n \n¶mÂ

\mtkm-Zy-Zz-Nt\m þ aq¡p-sImp kwkm-cn-¡p-¶-h\pw
AkptXm þ a¡-fn-Ãm-¯-h\pw
ITn-\-lr¯v þ ITn-\-lr-Z-b\pw
Ip£n-cpIv þ DZ-c-tcm-Knbpw Bbn-cn-¡pw.
£tX þ cmlp Bdn \n¶mÂ
ZznSv{Iq-c-{K-l-]o-Un-X- þ i{Xp-{Iqc-{K-l-§-fm ]oUn-¡-s¸-
Sp-¶-h\pw
Kp-Z-cpIv þ KpZ (aqe¡pcp) -tcm-Kn-bmbpw
{ioam³ þ {ioam-\mbpw ([-\n-I-\m-bpw)
Nncmbp þ ZoÀLm-bp-Êp-Å-h-\mbpw `hn-
¡pw.

atZ þ cmlp Ggn \n¶mÂ

kv{Xokw-Km-Z-[t\m þ kv{Xo_Ôwaqew \nÀ²\\mIp¶h\pw
hn[ptcm þ `mcy -a-cn-¨-h\pw
Ahocy hocyw CÃm-¯-h\pw
-kz-X-t{´m þ kzX-{´\pw
A¸[o þ A¸-_p-²n-bpw Bbn-cn-¡pw.
ct{Ô þ cmlp F«n \n¶mÂ
A¸mbp- þ Bbp-Êp-Ip-d-ª-h\pw
Aip-²n-IrXv þ Aip²am¡p-¶h\pw
hnItem þ hnI-e\pw
hmXm-a-b þ hmX-tcm-Kn—bpw
AÂ]m-ßP þ a¡Ä Ipd-ª-h\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.
(27)
[À½tØ {]Xn-Iq-e-hm-¤-W-]p-c-{Km-am-[nt]m f]pWy-hm³(1)
JymXx tJ f ¸-kp-tXm - f \y-Im-cy-\n-cXx k¡À½-lo-t\m- f `bx
{ioam-¶m-Xn-kp-X-Ýn-cm-bp-c-kptc emt` kIÀ®m-abx
{]O-¶m-L-ctXm _lp-hy-b-Itcm cnt^ f w_p-cp-Iv]o-Un-Xx.
 [260]

]mTt`Zw (1) ]pWyhm³

[À½tØ þ cmlp H¼Xn \n¶mÂ

{]Xn-Iq-e-hm-Iv þ FXnÀ]-d-bp-¶-h\pw
KW-]p-c-{Km-am-[nt]m þ KWw, ]pcw, {Kmaw F¶n-h-bpsS
A[n-]\pw
A]pWy-hm³ þ ]pWy-anÃm-¯-h\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

tJ þ cmlp ]¯n \n¶mÂ

JymX þ {]i-kvX\pw
A¸-kpX þ a¡Ä Ipd-ª-h\pw
A\y-Im-cy-\n-cX þ aäp-Å-h-cpsS Imcy-§-fn \nc-X\pw
k¡À½-lo-t\m þ kXvIÀ½-§Ä sN¿m-¯-h-\pw-
A`b þ \nÀ`-b\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.

Akptc emt` þ cmlp ]Xn-s\m¶n \n¶mÂ

{ioam³ þ [\-hm\pw-
\ A-Xn-kp-X þ A[nIw a¡Ä CÃm¯-h\pw
Nn-cm-bp þ ZoÀLm-bp-Êp-Åh\pw
-IÀ®m-ab þ sNhn-tcm-K-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h\pw BIpw

cnt^ þ cmlp ]{´n \n¶mÂ

{]O-¶ AL- ctXm þ cl-ky-ambn ]m]-§Ä sN¿p-¶-h\pw
_lp-hy-b-Itcm þ henb Nne-hp-Im-c\pw
Aw_p-cp-Iv]o-Un-X þ PetZmj-¯m hnj-an-¡p-¶-h\pw Bbn-cn-
¡pw.

tIXp
(28)
etá IrXLv\akpJw ]nip\w hnhÀ®w
Øm\-NypXnw hnI-e-tZ-l-a-k-Xvk-`mPw (1)
hnZymÀ°-lo-\-a-[-tam-àn-bpXw IpZrjvSnw
]m]x (2) ]cm-¶-\n-cXx IpcptX [\-Øx.
 [261]

]mTt`Zw : (1) a-k-XZva-`mPw, (2) ]m-Xx

]m] (]mXx) tIXp

etá þ eá-¯n \n¶mÂ
IrXLv\ þ \µn-sI-«-h\pw
AkpJw þ kpJ-an-Ãm-¯-h\pw
]nip\w þ {Iqc\pw / \pWb\pw
hnhÀ®w \ndt`ZapÅh\pw
Øm\-NypXw þ Øm\{`jvS\pw
hnI-e-tZ-l þ hnI-emw-K\pw-
Ak-Xv k`mPw þ Atbm-Ky-cp-am-bpÅ Iq«p-sI-«p-Å-h\pw
(Bbn-cn-¡pw.)
[\-Ø tIXp cn \n¶mÂ
hnZymÀ°-lo-\ þ ]Tn¸pw ]Whpw CÃm-¯-h-\pw
A-[-tam-àn-bpXw þ Ak`yw ]d-bp-¶-h-\pw
IpZrjvSnw þ ZrjvSn¡p XIcmdp-Å-h-\pw-
]cm-¶-\n-cX þ A\ysâ `£-Ww-sImp Ign-bp-¶-h\pw
Bbn-cn-¡pw.
(29)
BbpÀºew [\-bix {]a-Zm-¶-kuJyw
tIXu XrXo-b-`-ht\ kl-P-{]-Wmiw
`qt£-{X-bm-\-P-\-\o-kp-J-P-·-`qanw
\miw kptJ ]c-Kr-l-Øn-Xn-tah ]m]x

tIXu XrXo-b-`-ht\ þ tIXp aq¶n \n¶mÂ

BbpÀºew BbpÊv
[\ þ [\w
bi þ {]ikvXn
{]a-Zm A-¶- kuJyw þ kv{Xokp-Jw, `£-W-kpJw
kl-P-{]-Wmiw þ ktlmZ-c-\m-iw F¶nh ^ew.

kptJ þ tIXp \men \n¶mÂ

`q þ `qkz¯v
t£-{X þ hoSv-
 [262]

bm-\ þ hml\w-
P-\-\o þ amXmhv
kp-J- þ kpJw
P-·-`qan þ P\n¨ \mSv
\miw þ Chbv¡p \miw,
]c-Kr-l-Øn-Xn-tah þ A\y-Krlhmkw F¶nh ^ew.
(tIXp \men \n¶m FÃmw \in¨p \mSp-hn-Spw, InS-¡m-s\mcp
hoSp-t]mepw kz´-ambn Dm-hnà F¶p kqN\.)
(30)
]p{X£bw PT-c-tcmK]n-im-N-]oUmw
ZpÀºp²nam-ß\n Je-{]-Ir-Xnw N ]m]x (]mXx)
HuZm-cy-ap-¯-a-KpWw ZrVXmw {]kn²nw
jjvtT {]`p-Xz-a-cn-hÀ²-\(1)-an-jvS-kn-²nw.
(1) ]mTt`Zw: AcnhÀ²\w þ i{XphÀ²\

B-ß\n þ tIXp A©n \n¶mÂ

]p{X£bw þ k´-Xo-\m-iw
PT-c-tcmK þ DZ-c-tcmKw
-]n-im-N-]oUmw þ ZpÀ½qÀ¯n _m[-
ZpÀºp²n þ ]ng¨ _p²n
Je-{]-Ir-Xn þ ZpjvS-{]-IrXn (Ch ^ew.)

jjvtT þ tIXp Bdn \n¶mÂ

HuZm-cy þ DZm-cX
D¯-a-KpWw þ kZvKpWw
ZrUXmw þ ZmÀVyw
{]kn²n þ {]ikvXn
{]`p-Xz- þ {]`p-Xzw,
Acn-aÀ±-\w þ i{XpPbw
C-jvS-kn-²nw þ CjvS-em`w (Ch ^ew.)

(31)
Zyqt\-fh-am\ak-Xo-c-Xn-am-{´-tcmKw
]m](X) -kz-Zm-c-hn-bp-Xnw- a-Z-[m-Xp-lm\n
kz¸m-bp-cn-jvS-hn-clwIelw N ct{Ô
ikv{X-£-Xw kI-e-Im-cy-hntcm[tah.
 [263]

Zyqt\- þ tIXp Ggn \n¶mÂ

Ah-am-\- Ah-am\w
A-k-Xo-c-Xn þ No¯ -kv{Xo-I-fp-ambn _Ôw
-B-{´-tcmKw - þ B-{´-hr²n (hrjW¯n \ocv)
kz-Zm-c-hn-bpXnw þ `mcy-tbmSp ]ncnªncn-¡p-I
aZ-[m-Xp-lm\nw þ hocy-\jvSw Ch ^ew.

ct{Ô þ tIXp F«n \n¶mÂ

kzÂ]m-bp- þ A¸m-bpÊv
CjvS-hn-clw þ CjvS-s¸-«-hsc ]ncnªn-cn-t¡n hcnI
Ielw þ hg¡v
ikv{X-£-X- þ Bbp-[--§ÄsImp apdnhv
k-I-e-Im-cy-hn-tcm[-ta-h þ FÃm-¯nepw XSÊw (Ch ^ew.)

(32)
]m]-{]-hr-¯n-a-ip`w ]nXr-`m-Ky-lo\w
Zmcn-{Zy-am-cy-P-\-Zq-j-W-am-l- [Àt½
kXvIÀ½-hn-Lv\-a-ip-Nn-Xz-a-h-Zy-IrXyw
tXtPm-f ipt`m(1) \`kn iucy-a-Xn-{]-kn-²nw.
(1) ]mT-t`Zw þ tXP-kzn\w

[Àt½ - - þ tIXp H¼Xn \n¶mÂ

]m]-{]-hr-¯n- þ ]m]-{]-hÀ¯n-IÄ
Aip`w þ Aip`w
]nXr-`m-Ky-lo\w þ AÑ\pw `mKyhpw CÃm-Xn-cn-¡pI
Zmcn-{Zyw þ Zmcn-{Zyw
Bcy-P-\-Zq-j-Ww þ t{ijvT-\nµ Ch ^ew.

\`kn þ tIXp ]¯n \n¶mÂ

kXvIÀ½-hn-Lv\w- þ \à IÀ½-§Ä¡p XSÊw
Aip-Nn-Xz-w þ hr¯n-tISv / Aip²w
A-h-Zy-IrXyw þAcp-Xm-¯Xp sN¿pI
tXtPm- þ tXPÊv
Aipt`m þ Aip-`³ (tI-Xp)
iucy-w þ iucy-w
 [264]

A-Xn-{]-kn-²n þ t]cpw s]cp-abpw Ch ^ew.

(33)
emt` f À°-k-©-b-a-t\-I-KpWw kpt`mKw
k{Zhytkm]IcWw kI-emÀ°kn²nw (1)
{]Ñ-¶-]m-]-a-[ahyb-aÀ°-\miw
cnt^ hncp-²-K-Xn-a-£n-cpPw N ]mXx.
]mT-t`Zw þ kptim-`apZy-Zv{K-tlm-]-I-cWw kI-emÀ° kn²nw

emt` þ tIXp ]Xn-s\m¶n \n¶mÂ

AÀ°-k-©-bw þ k¼¯v
At\-I-KpWw þ kZvKpW§Ä
kptim-` þ icocIm´n-
(]mTt`Zw: kpt`mK þ t`mKm\p`hw)
Kr-tlm-]-I-cWw þ ho«p-km-a-{Kn-IÄ
kI-emÀ° kn²nw þ B{K-ln-¨-sXÃmw \S¡pI Ch ^ew.

cnt^ þ tIXp ]{´-n \n¶mÂ

{]Ñ-¶-]m-]-w þ ad-¨p-sh¨ ]m]w
A[ahybw þ ZpÀhybw
AÀ°-\miw þ [\-\miw
hncp-²-K-Xn þ hn]coX_p²n
A-£n-cpPw þ t\{X-tcmKw (F¶nh ^ew.)

Xtam{KlambXn\m Hcp XnIª ]m]s\¶ \nebv¡mWv

tIXphns\s¡mpÅ ^e§Ä ChnsS hnhcn¨n«pÅXv. PmXI §Ä H¯pt\m¡n
X¿mdm¡nbXÃ, DÅ \nba§Ä hnIkn ¸ns¨Sp¯XmWv F¶p hyàw.
^eZo]nIbpsS am{XaÃ, FÃm ^etPymXnj {KÙ §fptSbpw ØnXn
CXpXs¶bmWv. F¶m B[p\nI tPymXnj¯n sâ hcthmsS Cu Ah
Øbv¡p amäw h¶n«pv. \nba§tf¡mf [nIw A\p`h¯n\v Du¶Â sImSp¡p¶
Cu coXn{]Imcw ZmÀi\nIamb Imcy§fn tIXphn\p henb kzm[o\ap-
v.

^e-{]m]vXn
 [265]

(34)
DZ-bˣmw-i-kv^p-S-Xp-eymwti
\nh-k³ ]qÀ®w ^e-amZ(-[)t¯
i\n-h-{Zmlp IpP-hXv tIXpx
^e-ZmXm kymZnl kwt{]m-àx.

DZbÀ£mwi...þ ta¸-dª ^e-§Ä ]qÀ®ambn e`n-¡-W-sa-¦nÂ

{Kl-ØnXn eá-kv^p-S-¯n\p Xpey-am-IWw.
i\n-h-{Zmlp... þ cmlp i\n-sb-t¸m-sebpw tIXp IpP-s\-t¸m-sebpw
^ew \ÂIpw.

(35)
`mh-k-amw-i-I-kwØm
`mh-^ew ]qÀ®-tah Ie-b´n
\yq\m-[n-Imw-i-h-iXx
^e-hr-²nÀ{lm-kXm hmNy.

`mhkamwiI...þ {Kl-kv^pSw `mh-kv^p-S-¯n\p Xpey-sa-¦n ]qÀ®-

^-ew e`n-¡pw. Cu kv^pS--§Ä X½n- hyXym-k-ap-s-¦n B
hyXymka-\p-k-cn¨v ^e¯nepw amäw hcpw. IqSmsX, ]qÀ®^ew
In«Wsa¦n {Kl§Ä¡pw `mh§Ä¡pw ]qÀ®_ew ({Kl_ehpw
`mh_ehpw) thWw. _ew Ipdbpw tXmdpw ^ehpw Ipdbpw.

A²ymbw 9 . {Kl§Ä cmin-I-fnÂ

eá^ehpw {Kl-§Ä cmin-I-fn \n¶-mep-Å- ^-e-§fpw

hnjbhnhcw
tajmZn eá-^ew
{Kl§Ä D¨cmin, kzt£{Xw XpS§nbhbnÂ\n¶mepÅ ^ew.
 [266]

^e§Ä Nn´nt¡ hn[w, {Kl-§Ä D¨-¯nÂ, {Kl-§Ä kzt£{X-¯n ,{Kl-§Ä

an{Xt£{X-¯nÂ, {Kl-§Ä i{Xpt£{X-¯nÂ, {Kl-§Ä \oN-¯nÂ {Kl¯n\p
auVy-aps¦nÂ, {Kl-§Ä ka-t£{X¯n , {Kl-§Ä h{IKXnbn ,hÀt¤m-
¯a^ew

tajmZn eá-^ew
(1)
hrt¯-£tWm ZpÀº-e-Pm-\p-cpt{Km
`ocpÀPte kymÃ-Lp-`pIv kpImao
k©m-c-io-e-Ý-]-tem - f \r-tXm-ànÀþ
{hWm-¦n-XmwKx {Inbt` {]Pm-Xx.

taS-eáw
hrt¯-£tWm þ hr¯-amb I®pIfpÅh³
ZpÀº-e-Pm-\px þ ZpÀº-e-amb -ImÂap«ptfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³.
D{K þ D{K³
`ocpÀÖte þ Pe¯n t]Sn.
e-Lp-`pIv - þ eLp-hmbn am{Xw `£n-¡p-¶-h³
kpImao ImahnImcw IqSpXepÅh³
k©m-c-io-e-x þ bm{X-IÄ CjvS-s¸-Sp-¶-h³
-N]-tem þ N]-e³, a\Ên\v Dd¸nÃm¯h³
A\r-tXm-ànx þ \pW- ]d-bp-¶-h³
{hWm-¦n-XmwKx þ apdn-¸m-SpÅ icocw
{Inbt` {]Pm-Xx.þ taSw cminbn / taSw cmin DZn-¨p-sIm-n-
cp-¶-t¸mÄ (taSw eá-¯nÂ) P\n-¨-h³.

(2)
]rYq-cp-h{àx Irjn-IÀ½-Ir-Õymþ
·²ym-´-kuJyx {]a-Zm-{]n-bÝ
XymKo £ao t¢i-k-lÝ tKmam³
]rjvTky ]mÀtiz- f ¦-bptXm hrtjm°x.

CShw eáw
hrtjm°x þ CS-h-eá¯n P\n¨mÂ
 [267]

]rYq Du-cp- h{àx þ ]rYp-hmb Ducp-¡fpw h{àhpw.

XSn¨ XpS-ItfmSpw apJt¯mSpw IqSnbh\pw
Irjn-IÀ½-IrXv IÀj-I\pw
a²y A´-- kuJyx þ Pohn-X-¯nsâ a²y`mK¯pw Ah-km-\
`mK¯pw kpJw- A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h\pw
{]a-Zm-{]n-bÝ þ kv{Xo-I-fn {]nb-ap-Å-h\pw
(kv{XoIÄ¡p {]nbs¸«-h³ F¶pw ImWp¶p.)
XyvmKo þ XymK-io-e\pw
£ao þ £am-io-e\pw
t¢i-k-lx N þ t¢i-§Ä kln-¡p-¶-h\pw
tKmam³ þ ]ip-¡-fp-Å-h\pw
]rjvTky ]mÀtiz- A¦bptXm þ ]rjvT-¯nsâ ]mÀiz-`m-K¯v
AS-bm-f-ap-Å-h\pw Bbn-cn-¡pw.
(]r-jvT Bky ]mÀtiz Fs¶-Sp¯v ]n³-`m-K¯pw apJ¯pw
]mÀiz`mK¯pw F¶pw Hcp hymJym\w ImWp-¶p.)

(3)
iymta-£Wx Ip©n-X-aqÀ²Px kv{Xoþ
{IoUm-\p-c-àÝ ]tcw-Kn-XÚx
D¯pw-K-\mkx {]nb-Ko-X-\rt¯m
hk³ kZm-´-Ê-Zt\ N bptÜ.

anYp\w eáw
bptÜ þ anYp\w eá¯n P\n¨mÂ
iym Cu£Wx þ Idp¯ I®p-IÄ
Ip©n-X-aqÀ²Px þ Npcp Xe-apSn
kv{Xo{IoUm-\p-c-àx þ kv{Xo{Io-U-bn A\p-c-à³
]c Cw-Kn-XÚx þ aä-pÅ-h-cpsS a\ÊnepÅXv Adn-bp-¶-h³
D¯pw-K-\mkx þ DbÀ¶ aq¡v
{]nb-Ko-X-\rt¯m þ ]m«nepw \r¯-¯nepw {]nb-ap-Å-h³
hk³ kZm A´x k-Zt\ þ Ft¸mgpw ho«n\pÅn¯s¶
Ign-bm³ CjvS-s¸-Sp-¶-h³

(4)
kv{Xo\nÀÖnXx ]o\-K-f-x kant{Xm
_lzm-ebkvXpwK-I-SnÀ²-\mVyx
 [268]

{lkzÝ ht{Im {ZpXKx Ipfotc

ta[m-\zn-X-kvtXm-b-c-tXm f ¸-]p{Xx

IÀ¡-SIw eáw
Ipfotc þ IÀ¡-S-I-e-á-¯n P\n-¨mÂ
kv{Xo\nÀÖnXx þ kv{XoI-tfmSp hnt[-b-Xz-ap-Å-h³
]o\-K-fx- þ XSn¨ Igp¯v
kant{Xm þ an{X-§-fp-Å-h³
_lzm-ebx þ At\Iw hoSpIÄ DÅ-h³
XpwKI-Snx þ DbÀ¶ Ac-s¡«v
[-\mVyx þ [\m-Vy³
{lkzx þ Dbcw Ipd-ª-h³
ht{Im þ hfhpÅh³
{ZpXKx þ thK-¯n t]mIp-¶-h³
ta[m-\zn-X þ _p²n-am³
-tXm-b-c-tXm þ Pe-¯n X¸-c³
A¸-]p{Xx þ ]p{XÀ Ipd-hv.

(5)
]nwtK-£Wx Øqe-l-\pÀhn-im-eþ
ht{àm- f `n-am\o k]-cm-{I-ax- kymXv
Ip]y-Xy-Imtcy h\-ssi-e-Kmao
amXr-hn-tbmKx(1) Ønc-[oÀar-tK-t{µ.
(1) ]mT-t`Zw þ amXr-hn-t[b

Nn§w eáw
artKt{µ þ Nn§w eá-¯n P\n-¨mÂ
]nwtK-£Wx þ ]nwK--\n-d-¯nepÅ I®p-I-tfm-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-
h³.
(]nwKw þ aªbpwNph¸pw IeÀ¶ \ndw)
Øqe-l-\px þ XSn¨ XmSnsbÃv
hn-im-eht{àm- þ hnim-e-amb apJw / hmb
A`n-am\o þ A`nam\n
k]-cm-{I-a þ ]cm-{Ian
Ip]yXn AImtcy þ Imcy-an-Ãm-sX tIm]n-¡p-¶-h³
h\-ssi-e-Kmao þ Im«nepw aebnepw Kan-¡p-¶-h³
 [269]

amXr-hn-tbmKx þ amXm-hnsâ hntbmKw

(amXr-hn-t[b þ amXm-hnt\mSp hnt[b-Xzw F¶pw
ImWp¶p.)
Ønc-[o þ Cf¡anÃm¯ a\Êv / _p²n

(6)
{kkvXmwk_mlpx ]c-hn-¯-tK-sslx
kw]q-PytX kXy-cXx {]ntbmànx
{hofm-e-km-£-x kp-c-X-{]n-b-kymþ
Ñmkv{XmÀ°-hn-¨m¸-kp-tXmw-K-\mbmw.

I¶n eáw
{kkvXmwk_mlpx þ thÀs]« / ZrVaÃm¯ tXmfp-Ifpw ssIIfpw
]c -hn-¯- tK-sslx kw]q-PytX þ aäpÅhcpsS [\hpw hoSpw sImv
am\n¡s¸Sp¶h³.
{]ntbmànx þ CjvSw ]d-bp-¶-h³
{hofm-e-km-£- þ eÖsImv Ae-k-amb I®p-ItfmSp
IqSnbh³
kp-c-X-{]n-bx- þ kpc-X-¯n {]nb-ap-Å-h³
imkv{XmÀ°-hnXv þ imkv{XmÀ°§fnÂ,imkv{XmÀ°-NÀ¨I-fnÂ,
hnZzm³,
A¸-kp-tXm þ a¡Ä Ipd-hv.

(7)
NeXvIr-imw-tKmf ¸-kp-tXm-fXn-`tàm
tZh-Zzn-Pm-\m-aSt\m Zzn\mam
{]mwipÝ Z£x {Ib-hn-{I-tbjp
[otcm f c (1)- b-kvXu-en\n a²y-hm-Zo.
(1) ]mT-t`Zw þ AZb, A`b

Xpemw eáw
Xu-en\n þ Xpemw eá-¯n P\n-¨-h³
NeÂIr-imw-tKm þ Nen-¡p-¶Xpw Iri-hp-amb
AwK-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³
A¸-kp-tXm þ a¡Ä Ipdªncn¡pw
 [270]

-AXn-`tàmtZh-Zzn-Pm-\mw þ tZh·-mcnepw -{_m-Ò-W-cnepw

hfsc
`ànbpÅh³
Zzn\mam þ cp t]cp-Åh³
{]mwipx þ s]m¡-ap-Å-h³
Z£x {Ib-hn-{In-tbjp þ I¨-h-S-¯n kaÀ°³
[otcm þ [oc³
a²y-hm-Zo þ XÀ¡-§-fn a²y-س.

(8)
hrt¯mcpPwLx ]rYpt\{X-h£m
tcmKo iniptXz Kpcp-Xm-X-lo\x
{Iqc-{Intbm cmP-Ip-em-`n-apJyx
IotS- f _vP-tc-JmMvInX]mWn-]m-Zx.

hrÝnIw eáw
IotS- þ hrÝnIeá-¯n P\n-¨-h³
hrt¯mcpPwL þ hr¯sam¯ XpSIfpw ap«p-Ifpw
]rYpt\{X-h£m þ ]rYp-hmb t\{X§fpw h£Êpw.,
(hen-b I®pIfpw hncnªamdpw)
tcmKo iniptXz þ ssii-h-¯n tcmKn (_m-em-cn-jvSp-IÄ)
Kpcp- Xm-X -lo\x þ Kpcphpw XmX\pw CÃm-¯-h³,
(]nXmhnsâ kwc£Wtam Kpcphnsâ in£Wtam e`n¡m¯h³)
{Iqc-{Intbm þ {Iqc-{]-hÀ¯n-IÄ sN¿p-¶-h³, ZpjvS³
cmP-Ip-em-`n-apJyx þ cmP-Ip-e-t¯mSv B`n-ap-Jy-ap-Å-h³,
(`cn¡p¶hcpsS klmbapÅh³)
A_vP-tc-JmMvInX]mWn-]m-Zx þ Xmac¸phnsâ ASbmfapÅ
ssIImepItfmSp IqSn-b-h³.
(9)
ZoÀLm-ky-IWvTx ]rYp-IÀ®-\mkx
IÀt½m-ZypXx Ip_vP-X-\pÀ\r-t]jvSx
{]mK-Ûy-`mIv XymK-bptXm f cnl´m
kmavss\-I-km-t²ym- f -izn-`thm _em-Vyx.
(1) ]mTt`Zw: {]mK-Ûy-hmIv

[\p eáw
 [271]

Aizn-`thm þ [\p eá-¯n P\n-¨-h³

ZoÀL Bky- IWvTx þ ZoÀL-amb apJhpw Igp-¯pw
]rYp -IÀ®- \mkx þ XSn¨ sNhnbpw aq¡pw.
IÀt½m-ZypXx þ {]hÀ¯-\-\n-c-X³.
{]mKÛy`mIv þ {]KÛ³
Ip_vP -X-\px þ Iq\pÅ icocw
\r-t]jvSx þ \r]\v CjvS-am-b-h³
XymK-bptXm þ XymK-io-e³
Acnl´m þ i{Xp-¡sf h[n-¡p-¶-h³
kmavss\-I-km-t²ym - þ \Ã hm¡pIsfs¡mp kzm[o\n¡mhp¶h³
_em-Vyx þ ià³.

(10)
A[x-Ir-i-x kXz-bptXm Krlo-Xþ
hmtIym f e-tk f K-ay-P-cmw-K-t\jvSx
[À½-²ztPm `mKy-bp-tXm- f S-\Ý
hmXmÀZntXm \{I-`thm hneÖx.

aIc eáw
\{I-`thm - þ aI-c-e-á-¯n P\n-¨-h³
A[x-Ir-i- þ Acbv¡p Xmsg saenª icocw
k-Xz-bptXm þ DÄ¡cpt¯mSp IqSn-b-h³.
(kÕz`mhn F¶pw ImWp¶p.)
Krlo-X hmtIym þ kzoI-cn-¡s¸Sp¶ hmt¡m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³,
P\k-½-X³
Aetkm þ Ae-k³, aSn-b³
AK-ay- P-cmw-K-\ CjvSx þ hr²Ifnepw {]m]n-¡m³ ]mSn-Ãm¯
kv{XoIfnepw Xm-¸cyap-Å-h³
[À½-²ztPm - [À½w sImSn-bSbmfam-bn-«p-Å-h³.
([À½w sImSnbn am{Xta ImWq. BÄ A[mÀ½nI\mbncn¡pw.)
`mKy-bp-tXm þ `mKy-ap-Å-h³
AS-\x þ tZim-S-\-¡m-c³
-hmXmÀ±ntXm - þ hmX-tcm-Kn.
hneÖx þ eÖ-bn-Ãm-¯-h³, \mWw-sI-«-h³.

(11)
 [272]

{]Ñ-¶-]mt]m LS-Xp-ey-tZtlm
hnLm-X-Z-t£m f -²z-k-tlm f ¸-hn¯x
ep_v[x ]cmÀ°o £b-hr-²n-bptàm
LtSm-Ûhx kymXv {]nb-K-Ô-]pjv]x.

Ipw`w eáw
LtSm-Ûhx þ Ip`w eá-¯n P\n-¨-h³
{]Ñ-¶-]mt]m þ ad¨psh¨ ]m]-t¯m-Sp-Iq-Sn-b-h³.
LS-Xp-ey-tZtlm þ IpSw.t]m-epÅ ico-cw.
hnLm-X-Z-t£m þ XS椀 Dm-¡p-¶-Xn - k-aÀ°³.
A²z-k-tlm. . þ \o \S¯w kln¡p¶h³
A¸-hn¯x þ A[nIw [\-an-Ãm-¯-h³
ep_v[x þ ep_v[³, ]nip-¡³
]cmÀ°o þ A\ycpsS [\t¯mSpIqSnbh³
£b-hr-²n-bptàm þ DbÀ¨Ifpw Xmgv¨Ifpw DÅh³
{]nb-K-Ô-]pjv]x. þ hmk\Ifpw ]q¡fpw CjvSs¸Sp¶h³

(12)
AXyw-_p-]m-\-x k-a-Nm-cptZlx
kzZm-c-K-kvtXm-b-P-hn-¯-t`màm
hnZzm³ IrX-tÚm- f `n-`-h-Xy-an-{Xm³
ipt`-£tWm `mKy-bp-tXm- f ´y-cm-ti.

ao\w eáw
A´y-cmti þ ao\-e-á-¯n P\n-¨mÂ
AXyw-_p-]m-\ -þ hfsc shÅw IpSn-¡p-¶-h³
k-a-Nm-cptZlx þ kahpw Nmcp-hp-amb tZlw.
(Nmcp þ `wKnbpÅ, kaw þ XpeyXbpÅ, GIcq]amb, ), Cc«bmb (i_vZXmcmhen)
kzZm-c-K þ kz´w `mcy-tbm-Sp- (am{Xw) _Ôw
]peÀ¯p¶-h³
tXm-b-P -hn-¯- t`màm þ Pe-hpamtbm Pehn`h§fpamtbm _Ôs¸«
hcpam\w. A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h³
hnZzm³ þ ]ÞnX³
IrX-tÚm þ \µn-bp-Å-h³
-A`n-`-h-Xn A-an-{Xm³ þ i{Xp-¡sf Pbn-¡p-¶-h³
 [273]

ipt`-£tWm þ hiyamb I®pItfmSpIqSnbh³

`mKy-bp-tXm þ `mKy-hm³.

(13)
cmtix kz`m-hm-{i-b-cq-]-hÀ®m³
ÚmXzm-\p-cq-]mWn ^em\n Xky
bpàym htZZ{X ^ew hnetá
b¨-{µ-e-tá f ]n XtZh hmNyw

^e§Ä Nn´nt¡ hn[w

cmtix kz`m-h B-{i-b- cq-] -hÀ®m³ÚmXzm- þ
cmin-bpsS kz`m-hw, B{i-bw, cq]w, hÀ®w F¶nh Adn-ªn«v
A\p-cq-]mWn ^em\n Xky bpàym htZXv þ
A\p-cq-]-amb ^e§Ä bpàn-]qÀhw ]d-bWw.
A{X ^ew hnetá b¨-{µ-e-tá A]n XtZh hmNyw þ
Cu ^e§Ä eáwsh¨pw N{µ-eáw (PmXI¯n N{µ³ \n¡p¶ cmin) sh¨pw
]cn-tim-[n-¨p ]dbWw.

(14)
{Ktl kXn \ntPm-¨tK `hXn cXv\-KÀ`m-[nt]m
alo-]-Xn-Ir-X-kvXp-XnÀa-ln-X-k-¼-Zm-am-ebx
DZm-c-Kp-W-kw-bptXm PbXn hn{I-amÀt¡m bYm
\tb bikn hn{Ita hnX-ctW [rXu Iui-te.

{Kl-§Ä D¨-¯n \n¶m-ep-Å -^ew

{Ktl kXn \ntPm-¨tK `hXn þ P\-\-¯n-¦Â {Kl-§Ä kz´w
D¨-cm-in-I-fn-emsW-¦nÂ
cXv\-KÀ`m-[nt]m þ `qanbpsS A[n]³
alo-]-Xn-Ir-X-kvXp-Xnx þ cmPm-hn-\m kvXpXn-¡-
s¸-Sp-¶-h³
a-ln-X-k-¼-Zm-am-ebx þ henb k¼-¯nsâ Ccn-¸n-Sw
DZm-c-Kp-W-kw-bptXm þ HuZm-cy-io-e³
\tb bikn hn{Ita hnX-ctW [rXu Iui-teþ
\bw, bi-Êv, hn{Iaw, Zm\w, _p²n, Iuiew XpS-§n-b-h-sImv
 [274]

PbXn hn{I-amÀt¡m bYm þ hn{I-am-Zn-Xy-s\-t¸mepw Pbn-

¡pw.

-(15)
kza-µn-c-KtX {Ktl {]`p-]-cn-{K-lm-Zm-bXnw
{]`p-Xz-a]n hm Krl-Øn-Xn-a-N-©emw {]m]v\p-bmXv
\hw `h-\-apÀh-cm-£n-Xn-ap-ss]Xn Imte kztI
Pt\ _lp-aXnw ]p\-x- kI-e-\-jvS-hkvXq\y-]n.

{Kl-§Ä kzt£{X-¯n \n¶m-ep-Å -^ew

kza-µn-c-KtX {Ktl þ
{Kl-§Ä kzt£-{X-§-fn \n¡pt¼mÄ P\n¨mÂ
{]`p-]-cn-{K-lm-Zm-bXnw þ {]`p-¡-fnÂ\n¶p k½m\§ÄIn«p¶h\pw
{]`p-Xz-a]n hm þ AsÃ-¦n {]`pXzwXs¶ (e`n¡p¶h\pw)
Krl-Øn-Xn-wAN-©emw þ Cf¡w X«m¯ Krl-hmkw
{]m]v\p-bmXv \hw `h-\-w DÀh-cm-£n-Xn þ
]pXnb hoSpw ^e-`q-bn-jvT-amb IrjnØehpw k¼mZn¡pw
Imte kztI þ kz´w (Cu {Kl¯nsâ Zi-bnÂ)
Pt\ _lp-aXnw þ P\-§fpsS _-lp-am\w e`n¡pw
]p\x kI-e-\-jvS-hkvXq\y-]n.þ
\jvS-s¸-« hkvXp¡sf-Ãmw Xncn¨pIn«pIbpw sN¿pw.

(16)
{Kl-x kp-lr-Xvt£-{X-K-Xx k-p-lrÛnx
Imcyky kn²nw \h-ku-lrZw N
kp(k-Xv)]p-{X-Pm-bm-[-\-[m-\y-`mKyw
ZZm-Xybw kÀh-P-\m-\pIq-eyw.

{Kl-§Ä an{Xt£{X-¯n \n¶m-ep-Å -^ew

{Klx kplr-Xvt£{X KX þ
{Kl-§Ä an{X-t£-{X-¯n \n¡p-t¼mÄ P\n¨mÂ
kp-lrÛnx Imcyky kn²nw þ
kplr-¯p-¡-fm / _Ôp¡sfs¡mp Imcy-§Ä km[n¡pw
\h-ku-lrZw N þ]pXnb kplrXv_Ô-§Ä Øm]n¡pw
kp]p-{X -Pm-bm -[-\
 [275]

\Ã a¡Ä, `mcy, [\w, [m\yw `mKyw F¶nh DmIpw

.kÀh-P-\m-Iq-eyw þ FÃm-h-cpw A\pIqen¡p¶h\pw Bbncn¡pw.

(17)
KtX {Ktl i{Xp-Krlw \nIr-jvSXmw
]cm-¶-hr¯nw ]c-a-µn-c-ØnXnw
AIn-©\Xzw cn]p-]o-U\w kZm
kv\nKvt[m]n Xkym-Xn-cn-]p-Xz-am-]v\p-bm-Xv.

{Kl-§Ä i{Xpt£{X-¯n \n¶m-ep-Å -^ew

KtX {Ktl i{Xp-Krlw þ
{Kl§Ä i{Xp-t£-{X-¯n \n¡pt¼mÄ P\n¨mÂ
\nIr-jvSXmw þ \nIr-jvSamb, No¯, IÀ½§Ä sN¿p¶h\pw
]cm-¶-hr¯nw þ A\y³ Xcp¶ `£WwsImp Pohn¡p¶h\pw
]c-a-µn-c-ØnXnw þ A\ysâ ho«n Xmakn¡p¶h\pw
cn]p-]o-U\w kZm þ Ft¸mgpw i{Xp-ieyw A\p`hn¡p¶h\pw
kv\nKv[ A]n Xky A-Xn-cn-]p-Xzw B--]v\p-bm-Xvþ
an{X§Ä t]mepw Ahsâ i{Xp-¡-fm-Ipw.

(18)
\oN-Kr-tl-f [x-]-X\w kzhr-ss¯Àþ
ssZ\yw Zpcm-Nm-c-ar-Wm-]vXn-amlpx
\oNm-{ibw IoI-S-tZ-i-hmkw
`rXy-Xz-a-²z-ma-\À°-Im-cyw.

{Kl-§Ä \oN-¯n \n¶m-ep-Å -^ew

\oN-Kr-tl- -þ {Kl-w \oN-cminbn \n¡pt¼mÄ P\n¨mÂ
A[x-]-X\w kzhr-ss¯x þ
kz´w {]hÀ¯n-IÄsImv / kz´w sXmgnenÂ\n¶v A[-]-X\w
ssZ\yw þ Zo\X
Zpcm-Nm-cw- þ Zpjv{]hÀ¯nIÄ
EWm-]vXn- þ IS_m²yXIÄ
\oNm-{ibw þ ZpÀÖ\§sf B{ibnt¡n hcpI.
IoIStZihmkw þ KpWw]nSn¡m¯, Zcn{Zamb, tZi§fnÂ
Pohnt¡n hcpw
`rXy-Xz- þ Zmky-the sN¿pw
 [276]

A²z-\y³ þ hgn \S¶p hnj-an-¡p-w

A\À°-Im-cyw þ A\À°-§-fn sN¶pNmSpw.

(19)
{Ktlm auVyw {]m]vtXm ac-W-a-Nn-cmXv kv{Xokp-X-
[ss\x
{]lo-WXzw hyÀt° Ie-l-a-]-hmZw ]cn-`hw
kaÀ£Øx tJtSm \ Ie-bXn sshti-jn-I-^ew
kpJw hm ZpxJw hm P\-bXn bYm-]qÀh-a-N-ew.

{Kl¯n\p auVy-aps¦nÂ
{Ktlm auVyw {]m]vtXm þ {Kl¯n\p auVy-aps¦nÂ
ac-Ww ANn-cm þ acWw thK¯nÂ, A¸mbpÊv
kv{Xokp-X-[ss\x{]loWXzw þ `mcy, a¡Ä, [\w apX-embhbpsS
{]loWXzw.
{]loWw þ XyPn¡¸«Xv. Ch CÃm¯h³ F¶À°w.
hyÀt° Ie-lw- þ shdpsXbpÅ hg¡pIÄ
A-]-hmZw þ No¯t¸cv
]cn-`hw þ Aham\w Ch ^ew.

{Kl-§Ä ka-t£{X¯n \n¶m-ep-Å -^ew

kaÀ£Øx tJtSm þ
P\\¯n ka-t£-{X-¯n \n¡p¶ {Klw
\ Ie-bXn sshti-jn-I-^ew þ (Xsâ Zim]lmc§fnÂ) hnti-j-ambn H¶pw
sN¿p-¶n-Ã, Hcp amähpw hcp¯p¶n-Ã.
kpJw hm ZpxJw hm P\-bXn bYm-]qÀh-a-N-ew þ
kpJ-am-bmepw ZpJ-am-bmepw, ]-g-b-Xpt]m-se, amä-an-Ãm-sX
XpScpw.
(sXm«pap¼v A\p`hn¨ Zim^ewXs¶ kat£{X¯nÂ
\n¡p¶ {Kl¯nsâ Zibnepw XpScpw F¶À°w.)

(20)
h{Iw KtX tkzm¨-^ew hnZ-ZymXv
k]Xv\\oNÀ£-K-tXm f ]n tJSx
hÀt¤m-¯-amw-i-ØnXtJN-tcm]n
kzt£-{X-K-tkym-à-^-em\n XZz-Xv.
 [277]

{Kl-§Ä h{IKXnbn BsW¦n ^ew

k]Xv\\oNÀ£- -K-X A]n tJSx þ
i{Xp-t£-{Xw, \oNw F¶nhbn \n¡p¶ {Kl-§ÄIqSn
h{Iw KtX tkzm¨-^ew hnZ-ZymXv þ
h{I-KXn-bn-em-sW-¦n D¨-¯n \n¶m-epÅ ^ew \ÂIpw.

hÀt¤m-¯a^ew
hÀt¤m-¯-amw-i-ØnXn tJN-tcm]n þ hÀt¤m-¯-a-¯n-epÅ {Klw
kzt£-{X-K-tkym-à-^-em\n XZz-Xv þ kzt£-{X-¯n \n¡p¶
{Kl-¯nsâ ^ew \ÂIpw.

A²ymbw 10 þþ Ggmw `mhNn´

Ggmw`mhw, Ggmw`mhm[n]³, Ggmw`mhImcI³, ip{I³ F¶nh

ASnØm\am¡nbmWv ]pcpjPmXI¯n If{Xkw_Ôamb Imcy§Ä þþ
`mcybpsS BbpÊv, kz`mhKpWw, kXv]p{X·msc \ÂIm\pÅ tbmKw
F¶nh þþ km[mcW Nn´n¡p¶Xv.

(1)
ip`m[n]bptX£ntX kpXIf{Xt` eátXm
hnt[mc]n Xtbmx ip`w XznXcYm \ kn²nkvXtbmx
knXmZvhybkpJmjvSssKx JcJssKck·²ytK
kntX f ]yY ipt`Xtc£nXbptX N Pmbmh[x.

eátXm hnt[m A]nþ eámtem N{µmtem,

kpXIf{Xt` þ A©v(]p{X), Ggv(If{X) `mh§fnÂ,
 [278]

ip`m[n]bptX£ntXþ ip`{KlØnXntbm `mhm[n]ØnXntbm

ChcpsS ZrjvSntbm DmbmÂ,
Xtbmx ip`w þ Ah cpw (5,7) ip`Icambncn¡pw.
CXcYm þ adn¨v, A§ns\bsænÂ,
\ kn²nx Xtbmx þ Ah cn\pw ^ekn²n DmhpIbnÃ.

knXmXv þ ip{ImÂ, -
hybkpJmjvSssKx þ 12, 4, 8 `mh§fnÂ,
JcJssKx þ ]m]{ Kl§fpmhpI,
AkXv a²ytK kntX þ ip{IØnXn ]m]cpsS CSbv¡mhpI,
ipt`Xc Cu£nX bptX þ ip{I\p ]m]ZrjvSntbm ]m]tbmKtam
DmhpI, F¦nÂ
Pmbmh[x þ `mcy acn¡pw.

]pcpjPmXI¯n eámepw N{µmepw, A©v þ Ggv `mh§fnÂ

ip` {KlØnXn, `mhm[n]ØnXn, ip`{KlZrjvSn, `mhm[n]ZrjvSn F¶nh
`mh ]pjvSn¡p ImcWamIp¶p. Cu _e§fpÅ Ggmw`mhw
`mcymKpWhpw A©mw`mhw ]p{X KpWhpw \ÂIp¶p .CXn\p
hn]coXambn Cu `mh§fn --]m] ØnXnbpw ]m] ZrjvSnbpw D-
mbm ^ew {]XnIqehpambncn¡pw.If{X `mhw ip{Imepw Nn
´n¡Ww. ]pcpjPmXI¯n ip{Im 4þ8þ12 `mh§fn ]m]{Kl§fpmhpI,
ip{IØnXn ]m]a²y¯nemhpI, ip{I\p ]m]ZrjvSn tbm ]m]tbmKtam D-
mhpI. F¶nh Aip`IcamWv. ip{I\p hcp¶ _e¡pdhp IÄ¡\pkcn¨p `À¯mhv
Ccnt¡ `mcybpsS acWwhsc kw`hn¡mw.

(2)
Zmtcti kpXtK {]WjvSh\ntXmf -þ
]pt{Xm f Yhm [oiztcm
Zyqt\ hm \n[t\iztcm f ]n IpcptX
]Xv\ohn\miw {[phw
£otWµu kpXtK hybmkvXX\pssKx
]mss]cZmcmßPx
kv{XokwKm²\\mi\w aZKtbmx
kzÀ`m\p `mt\zmÀhtZXv.

Zmtcti þ Ggmw`mhm[n]³,
 [279]

kpXtK þ A©mw`mh¯n --\n¶mÂ,

{]\jvS h\nXx þ `mcy \jvSamIpw.
A]p{X AYhm þ Asæn ]p{X·mÀ CÃm¯ht\m BIpw.
[oiztcm Zyqt\ hm \n[t\iztcm þ A©mw`mhm[n]Xntbm F«mw ]
`mhm[n]Xntbm Ggn \n¶mÂ,
IpcptX ]Xv\ohn\miw {[phw þ XoÀ¨bmbpw ]Xv\nbpsS\miw sN¿pw.
£otWµu kpXtK þ A©n £oWN{µ\pw,
hyb AkvX X\pssKx ]mss]x, þ
]{´v, Ggv, eáw Chbn ]m]·mcpw \n¶mÂ,
AZmcmßPx þ `mcybpw a¡fpw CÃm¯h\mbn `hn¡pw.

aZKtbmx kzÀ`m\p `mt\zmx þ

kqcy\pw cmlphpw (cpw) Ggn \n¶mÂ,
kv{XokwKmXv [\\mi\w htZXv þ
kv{XokwKwsImp [\\miw ]dbWw.

1.]pcpjPmXI¯n Ggmw`mhm[n]Xn
A©mw`mh¯n --\n¡p¶Xpw
2.A©mw`mhm[n]Xntbm F«mw`mhm[n]Xntbm
Ggn \n¡p¶Xpw
3.A©n £oWN{µ\pw 1þ7þ12 `mh§fn -- ]m]·mcpw --
\n¡p ¶Xpw tZmjamWv.
4.Ggn kqcy\pw cmlphpw tNÀ¶p -\n¶mÂ
kv{XokwKwsImp [\\miw DmIpw.

(3)
ipt{I hrÝnItK atZ arXh[qx Imta hrjtØ _pt[
kv{Xo\mikvXzY \oNtK kpcKpcu Zyq\m[ncqtV XYm
Pmant{X QjtK i\u kXn XYm `uta f Yhm kv{XoarXnþ
Ý{µt£{XktbmÀatZ f ÀInIpPtbmx ]Xv\o kXo tim`\m.

hrÝnItK atZ þ Ggmw`mhw hrÝnIamhpIbpw, AXnÂ

ipt{I þ ip{I³ \n¡pIbpw sNbvXmÂ,
arXh[qx þ `mcy acn¡pw
 [280]

Imta hrjtØ þ Ggmw`mhw CShamIpIbpw, AXnÂ

_pt[ þ _p[³ \n¡pIbpw sNbvXmÂ,
kv{Xo\mix þ `mcym \miw.

\oNtK kpcKpcu þ \oN\mb Kpcp,

Zyq\m[ncqtV þ Ggn --\n¶mepw,
XYm þ A{]ImcwXs¶.
.
Pmant{X QjtK þ Ggmw`mhw ao\amhpIbpw
i\u kXn XYm `utaAYhm þ
i\ntbm IpPt\m AXn \n¡pIbpwsNbvXmÂ
kv{XoarXn þ`mcym\miapmIpw.

Ggmw`mhw Nne {]tXyIcminIfn -- hcnIbpw Nne {]XyI

{Kl§Ä AXn -- \n¡pIbpw sNbvXm -- `mcybpsS acW apmImw.
`mhw cmin {Klw
7 hrÝnIw ip{I³
7 CShw _p[³
7 aIcw Kpcp
7 ao\w i\n / IpP³
N{µt£{XKtbmx atZx þ Ggmw`mhw IÀ¡SamhpIbpw AXnÂ
AÀ¡nIpPtbmx þ i\nbpw IpP\pw Hcpan¨p
\n¡pIbpw sNbvXmÂ,
]Xv\o kXo tim`\mþ -- `mcykÕz`mhnbpw kpµcnbpambncn¡pw.

(4)
AkvtX hmkvX]XmhkZv{KlbptX ZrjvtS f ]yk·²ytK
\oNmcmXnKrtl f ÀIIm´y`nltX {_qbmXv If{XnypXnw
Imta hm kpX`mKytbmÀhnIeZmtcm f ku k]mt] `rKu
ipt{I hm IpPaµhÀKklntX ZrjvtS ]ckv{XocXx.

AkvtX hm AkvX]mXv þ Ggmw `mh¯nt\m Ggmw`mhm[n]t\m,

AkXv {KlbptX, ZrjvtS A]nþ ]m]tbmKtam ]m]ZrjvSntbm
AkXv a²ytK þ ]m]a²yØnXntbm,
\oNmcmXnKrtl þ \oNt£{XØnXntbm,i{Xp£{X ØnXntbm,
AÀ¡Im´n A`nltX þ auVytam DmbmÂ,
 [281]

{_qbmXv If{XNypXnw þ If{X\mis¯ ]dbWw.

`rKu k]mt] þ ip{I³ ]m]{KltbmKt¯msS,

Imta kpX `mKytbmx þ Ggntem A©ntem H¼Xntem \n¶mÂ,
hnIeZmtcm þ `mcy sshIeyapÅhfmbncn¡pw.

ipt{I þ ip{I³
IpPaµhÀKklntX þ
i\nbptStbm IpPtâtbm hÀ¤¯n \n¡pItbm,
ZrjvtS þ Ahcm t\m¡s¸SpItbm sNbvXmÂ,
]ckv{XocXx þ ]ckv{XocX\mbn `hn¡pw.

Ggmw`mh¯nt\m Ggmw`mhm[n]t\m ]m]tbmKtam, ]m]ZrjvSntbm, ]

m]a²yØnXntbm, \oNt£{XØnXntbm, i{Xpt£{XØnXntbm, auVytam
Dmbm If{X\mis¯ ]dbWw.

ip{I³ ]m]{KltbmKt¯msS Ggntem A©ntem H¼Xntem \n¶mÂ

`mcybv¡v AwKsshIeytam, kz`mhsshIeytam, amdmtcmKtam Fs
´¦nepw Hcp XIcmdv Dmbncn¡pw.

ip{I³ i\nbptStbm IpPtâtbm hÀ¤¯n \n¡pItbm AhcmÂ

t\m¡s¸SpItbm sNbvXm AbmÄ A\ykv{XoIfpambn _ÔapÅ
h\mbncn¡pw.

(5)
`uamÀIykvtX `rKpPiint\mÀZmclot\m f kptXm hm
¢ot_m f kvtX hm `hXn `hKu Zzu {Klu kv{XoZzbw kymXv
ZzµzÀ£mwti aZ]XnknXu Xky PmbmZzbw kymþ
¯m`ymw bpssàÀKK\\nessbx* ZmckwJymw hZ´p.

`rKpP iint\mAkvtX þ ip{IN{µ·mcpsS Ggmw`mh¯nÂ,

`ua AÀ¡n þ IpPt\m i\ntbm \n¶mÂ,
Zmclot\m AkptXm hm þ `mcytbm a¡tfm CÃm¯h\mIpw.
¢ot_m AkvtX þ (ChcpsS) Ggn ¢o_{Klw (_p, a)
\n¶mÂ,
AkptXm þ a¡fpw DmInÃ.
 [282]

`hXn `hKu tZz {Klu þ ]Xns\m¶mw`mh¯n cp {Klw\n¶mÂ,

kv{XoZzbx kymXv þ cp `mcyamÀ DmIpw.

aZ]Xn knXu þ Ggmw`mhm[n]\pw ip{I\pw,

ZzµzÀ£mwti þ bpÜcminbn \n¡pItbm
Awin¡pItbm sNbvXmÂ,
Xky PmbmZzbw kymXv þ AbmÄ¡p cp `mcyamÀ DmIpw.

Xz`ymw bpssàx* þ AhtbmSp (Ggmw`mhm[n]³, ip{I³) IqSnb,

ZmckwJymw hZ´p þ ({Kl§sfs¡m)v `mcyamcpsS F®w
]dbWw.

1 ip{IN{µ·mcpsS Ggn IpPt\m i\ntbm \n¶mÂ

`mcy (`mcymKpWw) DmInÃ.
2. ip{IN{µ·mcpsS Ggmw`mh¯n ¢o_{Klw \n¶mÂ
a¡fpw DmInÃ.
3. ]Xns\m¶mw`mh¯n cp {Klw \n¶m cp `mcyamÀ D-
mIpw.
4. Ggmw`mhm[n]\pw ip{I\pw bpÜcminbn \n¡pItbm
Awin¡pItbm sNbvXmepw cp `mcyamÀ DmIpw.
5. Ggmw`mhm[n]³, ip{I³ ChtcmSpIqSnb {Kl§sf
s¡mv `mcyamcpsS F®s¯ ]dbWw.
* Xm`ymw bpssàx KK\\nessbx F¶Xnse KK\\nebs¯¡pdn¨p
hymJym\§fn H¶pw ImWp¶nÃ. tPymXnj¯n -- KK\\nebw ]
¯manSamWv.

(6)
kv{XokwJymw aZssKÀ{KsslÀarXnakXv
tJssSÝ kÛnx ØnXnw
Zyqt\ti k_te ipt` kXn h[qx
km[zo kp]p{Xm\znXm
]mt]mf]n kz{Krlw KXx ip`Icx
]Xv\ymÝ ImaØnXm
lnXzm jUvhybc{Ô]m·Z\Kmx
kuaymkvXp kuJymhlmx
 [283]

kv{XokwJymw aZssKx {Ksslx þ

Ggmw`mh¯nÂDÅ {Kl§sf s¡mp `mcyamcpsS F®hpw,
arXnw AkXv tJssSx N þ ]m]{Kl§sfs¡mp BbpÊp
Ipdª`mcyamcpsS F®hpw,
kXv`n x þ ip`{Kl§sfs¡mv BbpÊpÅ
`mcyamcpsS F®hpw Nn´n¡Ww.

Zyqt\ti k_te ipt` þ Ggmw`mhm[n]³ _ehm\mb

ip`\msW¦nÂ,
h[q km[zo kp]p{Xm\znXm þ `mcy ]Xn{hXbmIpw. \Ã
]p{X·mcpw DmIpw.
]m]x A]n þ ]m]\msW¦nepw
ImaØnXx þ Ggn \n¡p¶ {Klw
kz{Krlw KXx ]Xv\ymÝ þ Ggmw`mhm[n]XnbmsW¦nÂ
ip`Icx þ ip`s¯ sN¿pw.
lnXzm jU vhyb c{Ô]m þ 6, 12, 8 `mh§Ä Hgn¨pÅ `mh§fpsS
A[n]XnIfpw,
kuaymx Xp þ ip`·mcpamb {Kl§fmW,v
aZ\Km þ Ggmw`mh¯n \n¡p¶sX¦nÂ, --
kuJymhlmx þ kuJy{]ZamWv.

1. Ggmw`mh¯n -- DÅ {Kl§sfs¡mp `mcyamcpsS F®w ]

dbWw.AXn ]m]{Kl§sfs¡mv acn¨pt]mIp¶ `mcyamcpsS
F®hpw ip`Kl§sfs¡mv BbpÊpÅ `mcyamcpsS F®hpw Nn
´n¡Ww.
2. Ggmw`mhm[n]³ _eapÅ ip`\msW¦n `mcy ]Xn {hXbmbpw
\Ã ]p{X·mtcmSpIqSnbhfmbpw `hn¡pw.
3. Ggn \n¡p¶ {Klw ]m]\msW¦nepw Ggmw `mhm[n]Xn
bmsW¦n ip`s¯ sN¿pw.
4. 6þ8þ12 `mhm[n]cÃm¯ ip`·mÀ Ggmw`mh¯n \n¶m \Ã
^ew DmIpw.

(7)
`mcym\mikvXzip`klnXu ho£nXu hmÀ°Imau
 [284]

X{X {]mlpkvXzip`^eZm {IqcZrjvSnw hntijmXv –

Ghw ]Xv\ym A]n kXn atZ NmjvSta hmkvXn tZmjx
kussayÀZrjvtS kXn ip`bptX Z¼Xo `mKyh´u.

AÀ°Imau þ 2, 7 `mh§fnÂ
Aip`klnXu ho£nXmx þ ]m]ØnXntbm ]m]ZrjvSntbm hcpInÂ
`mcym\mi þ `mcym\miapmIpw.
Aip`^eZm {IqcZrjvSnw hntijm --þ {IqcZrjvSn hntijn¨pw
tZmjIcamWv.
Ghw ]Xv\ym A]n kXn atZ NmjvSta hmkvXn tZmjx þ
kv{XoPmXI¯n --7, 8 `mh§fn --C§s\
h¶mepwþþ]m]·mÀ \n¡pItbm t\m¡pItbm sNbvXmepw þþ
tZmjamWv.
kussayx ZrjvtS kXn ip`bptX Z¼Xo `mKyh´u þ
(Cu`mh§fnÂ) kuay·mÀ t\m¡pItbm \n¡ptbm sNbvXm --
Z¼XnamÀ `mKyimenIfmIpw.

HcmfpsS PmXI¯n cnepw Ggnepw ]m]{Kl§Ä \n¡p¶Xpw c-

ntebv¡pw Ggntebv¡pw ]m]{Kl§Ä t\m¡p¶Xpw tZmjIcam Wv. ]
m]ZrjvSn hntijn¨pw tZmjamWv.

`mcybpsS PmXI¯n -- 7, 8 `mh§fn --]m]·mÀ \n¡pItbm

t\m¡pItbm sN¿p¶Xpw tZmjIcamWv.

`À¯mhnsâ PmXI¯n 2, 7 `mh§fnepw `mcybpsS PmXI¯nÂ

7, 8 `mh§fnepw kuay·mÀ \n¡pItbm t\m¡pItbm sNbvXmÂ
Z¼XnamÀ `mKyapÅhcmbn `hn¡pw
. (8
Nt{µ katµ aZtK ]p\À`q-þ
]XnÀ`thZzm]ykptXm hnZmcx
\oNmcn`ssØcipss`ÀatZ kv{Xoþ
]pwtkmÀarXnx kym¶n[t\ [t\ hm.

Nt{µ katµaZtK þ N{µ³ i\ntbmSpIqSn Ggn \n¶mÂ,

]p\À`qx ]Xnx `thXv þ ]p\ÀhnhmlnXbpsS `À¯mhmIpw.
A]n AkptXmhnZmc þ Asæn a¡fpw `mcybpw CÃm¯h\pamImw.
 [285]

Aipss`\oNmcn`ssØ þ ]m]{Kl§Ä \oN¯ntem i{Xpt£

{X¯ntem \n¡pIbpw B cmin
atZ \n[t\ [t\ hmþ 7, 8, 2 `mh§fn H¶mhpIbpw sNbvXmÂ
--kv{Xo]pwtkmÀarXnx þ `mcybpw / `À¯mhpw acn¡pw.

N{µ³ i\ntbmSpIqSn Ggn \n¶m `mcybptSXv ]p\Àhnhml

ambncn¡pw. a¡Ä DmInÃ. Nnet¸mÄ `mcybpw a¡fpanÃm¯
h\pamImw.

]m]{Kl§Ä 2, 7, 8 `mh§fn \n¡pIbpw B `mhw B

{Kl¯nsâ \oNcmintbm i{Xpcmintbm BhpIbpw sNbvXm AXp
kv{Xo¡pw ]pcpj\pw tZmjIcamWv. -(Cu AhØ `À¯mhnsâ
PmXI¯nemsW¦n `mcybv¡pw . `mcybpsS PmXI¯nemsW¦nÂ
`À¯mhn\pw tZmjw.)

(9)
eámXv --If{X`ht\ kacminkwtÚ
`mhm[nt] f ]n N XssYh KtX f kptctVy
kqcym`nX]vXclntX kpXZmc\mtY
hocym\zntX Xp P\\w kkpXw If{Xw.

eám --If{X`ht\kacminkwtÚþ eám Ggmwcmin

kacminbmhpI;
`mhm[nt]]n .... kptctVy þ ip{I\pw Ggmw`mhm[n]\pw
kacminbn --\nÂ--¡pI
kqcym`nX]vXclntX kpXZmc\mtY þ
A©mw`mhm[n]\pw Ggmw `mhm[n]\pw auVyanÃmXncn¡pI,
hocm\zntX þ _eapÅhcmIpI; F¦nÂ
kkpXw If{Xw þ a¡fpw `mcybpw DÅh\mIpw.

HcmfpsS PmXI¯nÂþþ –
1. eám Ggmwcmin kacminbmhpI;
2. ip{I\pw Ggmw`mhm[n]\pw kacminbn -- \nÂ--¡pI;
 [286]

3. A©mw`mhm[n]\pw Ggmw`mhm[n]\pw
auVyanÃmXncn¡pI;
4. A©mw`mhm[n]\pw Ggmw`mhm[n]\pw _eapmhpI;
þþ F¦n -- AbmÄ¡p -- `mcymkpJhpw ]p{XKpWhpw e`n¡pw.
(kkpXw If{Xw F¶Xns\ ]p{X`mKyt¯mSpIqSnb `mcy F¶pw
hymJym\n¨p ImWp¶p).
(10)
IpSpw_Zmchybcmin\mYmx
Poth£nXmx tImWNXpjvSbØmx
ZmtcizcmZzn¯If{Xemt`
kuaymx If{Xw kkpXw kpJmVyw.

IpSpw_ Zmc hyb cmin\mYm þ 2, 7, 12 `mhm[n]À

Poth£nXmx þ hymgZrjvSntbmsS
tImWNXpjvSbØmxþ {XntImW¯ntem tI{µ¯ntem
\n¶mepw,
ZmtcizcmXvhn¯If{Xemt`kuaymx þ Ggmw`mhm[n]\nÂ\n¶pw 2, 7,
11
`mh§fn ip`·mÀ \n¶mepw
If{Xw kkpXw kpJmVyw þ \Ã If{Xhpw ]p{X·mcpw DmIpw.

(1). 2, 7, 12 `mhm[n]À¡p hymgZrjvSn;

(2) .2, 7, 12 `mhm[n]À {XntImW¯ntem tI{µ¯ntem ØnXn;
(3). Ggmw`mhm[n]\nÂ\n¶pw 2, 7, 11 `mh§fn kuay·mÀ \n¡pI
þþ Ch H¯p h¶m `mcymkpJhpw ]p{XKpWhpw e`n¡pw.

(11)
eámkvX\mYØnX`mwitImtW
\otNm¨t` kv{XoP\\w N ]Xypw
N{µmjvShÀtK f [nI_nµpcmiu
If{XPt·Xn XYm [\ky

1 ]Xypx eámXv þ `À¯mhnsâ eáhimÂ,

AkvX\mYØnX`mwi þ Ggmw`mhm[n]Xn \n¡p¶ cminbptStbm
\hmwi¯ntâtbm,
tImtW \otN D¨t` þ {XntImWcmintbm Ggmw`mhm[n]sâ
 [287]

\oNcmintbm Bbncn¡pw,
kv{XoP\\w þ `mcybpsS P·cmin.

2.N{µmjvShÀtK A[nI_nµpcmiuþ N{µmjvShÀ¤¯n A[nIw

_nµp¡Ä DÅ cminbpw,
XYm [\ky þ A{]Imcw (eámÂ) cmw`mhcminbpw,
If{XPt·Xn - þ `mcybpsS P·cminbmIpw.

`À¯mhnsâ PmXI¯n þþ
Ggmw `mhm[n]³ \n¡p¶ cminbpsStbm \hmwi¯nsâtbm
{XntImWcmin, Ggmw`mhm[n]sâ D¨cmin / \oNcmin, N{µm
jvShÀ¤¯n A[nIw _nµp¡Ä DÅ cmin, eám cmw `mhw
þþ CXn H¶mbncn¡pw `mcybpsS P·cmin.

(12)
ImaØImam[n]`mÀKhm\mþ
ar£w Zniw iwkXn Xky ]Xv\ymx
ipt{Im f kvXt]m hm X\p\mY`mwi
{XntImWambmXn XZm hnhmlx
ImaØImam[n]`mÀ¤hm\mw E£w þ Ggmw `mh¯nencn¡p¶ {Klw,
Ggmw`mhm[n]³, ip{I³ (ChcpsS) cmin,
Xky ]Xv\ymx Zniw iwkXn þ `mcybpsS Zn¡p kqNn¸n¡p¶p.
ipt{ImAkvXt]m þ ip{It\m, Ggmw `mhm[n]t\m,
X\p\mY` Awi þ eám[n]sâ AwiI¯nsâ
{XntImWw þ {XntImW¯nÂ
--BbmXn þ hcpt¼mgmbncn¡pw
XZm hnhmlx þ hnhmlw.

]pcpjPmXI¯n --Ggn --\n¡p¶ {Klw, Ggmw `mhm[n]³,

ip{I³ Chcn IqSpX _eapÅ {Kl¯n\v B[n]XyapÅ cminkqNn¸n ¡p¶
Xmbncn¡pw `mcybpsS Zn¡v.Nmchim ip{It\m
Ggmw`mhm[n]t\m, eám[n]³ \n¡p¶ cminbpsS \hmwi¯nsâ
{XntImWcminbneqsS IS¶p t]mIpt¼mÄ hnhmlw \S¡pw.

(13)
 [288]

If{XkwØky If{XZrjvtSÀþ
ZimKta hmY If{X]ky
bZm hneám[n]Xnx {]bmXn
If{X`w X{X If{Xem`x.

If{XkwØky þ Ggmw`mh¯nÂ\nev¡p¶{Kl¯nsâtbm,
If{XZrjvtSx þ Ggntebv¡p t\m¡p¶ {Kl¯nsâtbm,
If{X]ky þ Ggmw`mhm[n]sâtbm,
imKta þ Zibn --
bZm hneám[n]Xnx {]bmXn If{X`w þ eám[n]Xn Ft¸mÄ
--If{XØm\¯p hcp¶pthm.
X{X If{Xem`x þ At¸mÄ `mcymem`w DmIpw.
Ggmw`mh¯n \n¡p¶ {Klw/Ggntebv¡p t\m¡p¶ {Klw/Ggmw
`mhm[n]³ ChcpsS ZiIfn eám[n]Xn (tKmNchimÂ) --GgnÂ
hcpt¼mÄ. hnhmlw \S¡pw.

(14)
If{X\mYØnX`mwitIitbmx
knX£]m\mbItbmÀ_eobkx
ZimKta Zyq\]bpà`mwiIþ
{XntImWtK tZhKpcu Ic{Klx.

If{X\mY .... ZimKta þ

Ggmw`mhm[n]Xn \n¡p¶ cminbpsS \mY³, AwiI\mY³, ip{I³, N{µ³
Chcn _ew IqSpXepÅ {Kl¯nsâ ZibnÂ,
Zyq\]bpà ....tZhKpcuþ Ggmw`mhm[n]Xn \n¡p¶ cminbpsStbm
AwiI¯nsâtbm {XntImW¯nÂ, hymgw hcp¶ kab¯,v
Ic{Klx. þ ]mWn{KlWw þ hnhmlw \S¡pw.

Ggmw`mhm[n]Xn \n¡p¶ cminbpsS \mY³ /Ggmw `mhm

[n]XnbpsS \hmwi\mY³/ip{I³/N{µ³ Chcn _ew IqSpXepÅ {Kl¯nsâ
ZibnÂ, Ggmw`mhm[n]Xn \n¡p¶ cminbpsS {XntImW¯n hymgw
(NchimÂ) hcpt¼mÄ hnhmlw \S¡pw.
 [289]

(15)
If{X\mtY cn]p\oNkwtØ
aqtV f Yhm ]m]\nco£ntX hm
If{Xt` ]m]bptX f Y ZrjvtS
If{Xlm\nw {]hZ´n k´x.

If{X\mtY þ Ggmw`mhm[n]Xn,
cn]p\oNkwtØþ i{Xpcminbntem \oNcminbntem
\n¡pItbm,
aqtV AYhm þ auVys¯ {]m]n¡pItbm,
]m]\nco£ntX hm þ ]m]{Kl§fm --t\m¡s¸SpItbm
sNbvXmepw,
If{Xt` ]m]bptXY ZrjvtS þ If{X`mh¯n --]m]nIÄ \n¡pItbm
t\m¡pItbm sNbvXmepw,
If{Xlm\nw {]hZ´n k´x. þ `mcym\miw ]dbp¶p.

Ggmw`mhm[n]Xn i{Xpcminbntem Xsâ \oNcminbntem \n¡pI;

Ggmw `mhm[n]\p auVyw;
Ggmw `mhm[n]\p ]m]ZrjvSn;
Ggn --]m]nIÄ \n¡pItbm, Ggntebv¡p t\m¡pItbm sN¿pI
þþCsXÃmw If{Xlm\n (`mcymacWw) kqNn¸n¡p¶p.

A²ymbw 11 þþ kv{XoPmXIw
(1)
bZyXv ]pw{]kth £aw XZJnew
kvXoWmw {]ntb hm htZþ
·mwKeyw \n[\mXv kpXmwÝ \hamþ
Ãám¯t\mÝmcpXmw
 [290]

`À¯mcw kp`KXzakvX`h\mXv
kwKw kXoXzw kpJmXv
k´kvtXjp ip`{]ZmkvXzip`Zmx
{IqcmkvXZoiw hn\m.

bZyXv ]pw{]kth £aw XZJnew þ

]pcpjP·¯n\p ]dª \nba§fpw tbmK§fpw ^e§fpsaÃmw
kvXoWmw {]ntb hm htZXv þ kv{XoP·¯n\pw ]dbWw.

kv{Xo¡p _m[IaÃm¯ Imcy§Ä kv{XoPmXI¯neps¦n AXp

`À¯mhns\s¡mp ]dbWw. Ahbv¡p ]pdta, hntijn¨v
amwKeyw \n[\mXv þ kv{XoPmXI¯n F«mw`mhwsImv
amwKeyhpw (`À¯mhnsâ BbpÊpw)
kpXmwÝ \hamXv þ H¼Xmw`mhwsImv ]p{XKpWhpw
eám¯t\mÝmcpXmwþ eáwsImv cq]kuIpamcyhpw (kuµcyhpw)
`À¯mcw kp`KXzakvX`h\mXv þ Ggmw`mhwsImv
Zm¼XyKpWm\p`hw, kp`KXzw Chbpw
kwKw kXoXzw kpJmXvþ \memw`mhwsImv ]mXn{hXyhpw (Nn
´n¡Ww).

k´x tXjp ip`{]Zmx Xp ip`Zmxþ

Cu `mh§fn ip`·mÀ \n¶m ip`^ehpw
{Iqcmx XXv Cuiw hn\mþ `mhm[n]\Ãm¯ ]m]·mÀ \n¶mÂ
Aip`^ehpw DmIpw. (`mhm[n]³ ]m]\msW¦nepw Xsâ `mh¯n\p
tZmjw sN¿nÃ.)

(2)
DZblnaIcu Zzu bpÜKu kuayZrjvSu
kpX\b]Xn`qjmk¼ZqXvIrjvSioem
Aip`klnXZrjvSu tNmPKu ]pwkz`mhm
IpSneaXnchiym `ÀXrcq{Km Zcn{Zm.
 [291]

DZblnaIcu Zzu bpÜKu kuayZrjvSu þ eáhpw N{µ\pw cpw

bpÜcminIfn --ip`ZrjvSntbmsS \n¶mÂ--þ
kpX\b ]Xn `qjm k¼Xv DXvIrjvSioemþ \à a¡Ä, `À¯mhv,B`cW§Ä,
[\w, \Ã kz`mhw Ch DÅhfmIpw
Aip`klnXZrjvSu N HmPKu þ Aip`ØnXn, Aip`ZrjvSn F¶nhItfmsS
eáhpw N{µ\pw HmPcminbn \n¶mÂ
]pwkz`mhm IpSneaXn Ahiym`À¯r D{Km Zcn{Zm ]pcpjkz`mhw,
h{I_p²n, `À¯mhnsâ hcpXn¡p \n¡m¯hÄ, D{Kkz`mhn, Zcn{Z Ch
^ew.
(3)
k{ZmiywibptX atZ ZypXnbtimþ
hnZymÀ°hm³ XXv]XnÀþ
hyXykvtX IpX\pÀPUÝ (1) InXthm
\ntkzm hntbmKkvXtbmx
BtássbÀaZ\ØnssXÝ hn[hm
anss{ix ]p\À`qÀ`thXv
{Iqtcjzmbpjn `À¯rl{´y]n [t\
k´x kzbw kv{XoarXnx.
]mTt`Zw : PfÝ

kXvcmin Awi bptX atZ -þ (kv{XoPmXI¯nÂ) Ggmw`mhw ip`cmin

bmbpw ip`mwiIambpw ip`{Kl¯mSpIqSnbpw Ccp¶mÂ,
ZypXn bix hnZy AÀ°hm³ XXv]Xnx þ AhfpsS `À¯mhv Im´n, biÊv,
hnZy, [\w F¶nhbpÅh\mbncn¡pw

hyXykvtXþ (CXnÂ\n¶pw) hyXykvXambn (Ggn Cu aq¶pw Aip`

ambn) Ccp¶mÂ
IpX\p PUxN InXthm \ntkzm þ (`À¯mhv) hncq]\pw aqV\pw
NXnb\pw Zcn{Z\pw Bbncn¡pw
hntbmKkvXtbmx þ AhÀ X½n hntbmK¯n\pw km²yXbpv.

BtássbÀaZ\ØnssXÝ hn[hmþ Ggn Btá-b-{K-l-§-Ä

(]m]·mÀ) \n¶m -- ssh[hyw.
Btáb{Kl§Ä: kqcy³, IpP³, tIXp.
]m]·mÀ F¶pw Hcp ]£w. (tPym.\n)
 [292]

anss{ix ]p\À`pÀ`thXv þ an{iambncp¶m (ip`cpw ]m]cpwIqSn

\n¶mÂ) ]p\Àhnhmlw.
4.{IqtcjpBbpjn`À¯rl{´y]nþ
F«n ]m]³ \n¶m `À¯mhp acn¡pw.
5.[t\ k´x kzbw kv{XoarXnx. þ
cn ip`³ \n¶m `mcy BZyw acn¡pw.

(4)
kpXtØ f fnkv{XotKmlcnjp lnaKu Nm¸X\bm
bamcm(]vXy)wiÀt£ aZ\kZt\ km f ab`Km
kptJ ]mss]Àbptà `hXn IpeSm aµIpPtbmÀþ
Krtl f wti etáµp `rKpc]n N ]pwÝey`nlnXm.

1.. kpXtØAfn kv{Xo tKm lcnjp lnaK N A¸X\bm

þ A©mw`mhw hrÝnIw, I¶n, CShw, Nn§w CXnsem¶mbn AXnÂ
N{µ³ \n¶m a¡Ä Ipdhmbncn¡pw.
2. ba Bc B]vXn AwiÀt£ aZ\kZt\ Bab `Km -
þ i\n, IP³ ChÀ Ggn \n¡pItbm Awin¡pItbm sNbvXm kvXo
KplytcmKapÅhfmIpw.
3.kptJ ]mss]x bptà `hXn IpeSm þ \men ]m]{Kl§Ä \n¶mÂ
IpeS/]mXn{hXyw CÃm¯hÄ
4. etáµp `rKpx A]n N ]pwÝen A`nlnXm
þ eáhpw N{µ\pw ip{I\pw \n¡p¶ cmintbm \hmwitam i\nbptStbm
sNmÆbptStbm cmin Bbm hy`nNmcnWn BIpw

(5)
ip`t£{Xmwti f kvtX(tY) kp`KPL\m awKfhXo
hnt[mx kÕw_tÔm f ]ypZbkpJtbmx km[zo AXnKpWm
{XntImtW kuaymtÝXv kpJkpXk¼Xv KpWhXo
_tem\mx {IqcmtÝZyZn `hXn hÔym arXkpXm.

ip`t£{Xmwti tX kp`KPL\m awKfhXo þ (kv{Xo PmXI¯nse Ggmw

`mhw) ip`{Kl¯nsâ cmintbm \hmwitam BsW¦n kpµcamb Ac
s¡t«mSpIqSnbhfpw awKeyhXnbpw BIpw.

hnt[mx þ N{µ\v
 [293]

A]n DZb kpJtbmx þ AsænÂeá¯nt\m \memw`mh¯nt\m

kÕw_Ô þ ip`{Kl_Ôw (Ds¦nÂ)
km²zn AXnKpWm - þ km²znbpw KpWhXnbpw Bbncn¡pw.
{XntImtWkuaymtÝXvþXntImW`mh§fn ip`{Kl§fpmbmÂ
kkpJ kpX k¼Xv KpWhXoþkpJhpw k´m\hpw k¼¯pw \Ã
KpW§fpw DmIpw.
_tem\mx {Iqcm tNXv bZn þ {XntImW§fn ZpÀºecmb
]m]·mÀ \n¶mÂ
`hXn hÔym arXkpXm. þ{]khn¡m¯htfm a¡Ä acn¡p¶htfm BIpw.

(6)
Nt{µ `uaKrtl IpPmZnIYnXþ
XnwimwitIjp {IamZv
ZpjvSm ZmkykXo kpioe hn`hm
ambmhn\o ZqjWo
ip{IÀt£ _lpZqjWm\y]XnKm
]qPym kp[oÀ hn{ipXm
ÚÀt£ OmQhXo \]pwkIkam
km²zo KpWmtVymÕpIm.
(7)
kzѵm `ÀXrLmXn\rXnalnXKpWm
inev]n\o km[phr¯m
Nt{µm ssPth KpWmVym hncXncXnKpWþ
Úm in¸mXnkm²zo
atµ Zmky\ykàm {inX]XnckXo
\njv{]PmÀ°mÀ¡t` kymZvþ
ZpÀ`mjm lo\hr¯ [cWn]Xnh[qx
]pwhntNjvSm\ykàm.
(8)
iineákambpssàx ^ew {XnwimwissIcnZw
_em_ehnIÂt¸\ Xtbmtchw hnNn´tbXv.

N{µ³ kv{XoPmXI¯n --A©p Xmcm{Kl§fptSbpw cminIfpsS

{Xnwimwi §fn --\n¶mepÅ ^e§fmWv C\n ]dbp¶Xv.
({Xnwimwi\mY{Iaw : IpP³, aµ³, Kpcp, _p[³, ip{I³)
Nt{µ `uaKrtl þ N{µ³ IpPsâ cminIfn (taSw, hrÝnIw)
 [294]

IpPmZn IYnX {XnwimwitIjp {IamZvþIpP³ XpS§nbhcpsS

{XnwimwiI§fn \n¶m (^ew) {Ia¯n : --þþ
ZpjvSm Zmkn AkXo kpioe hn`hm ambmhn\o ZqjWo---þ
{XnwimwiI\mY³
{Klw ^ew
IpP³ ZpjvSm þ ZpjvS,
i\n Zmkn AkXoþ Zmkn, ]Xn{hXbÃm¯hÄ
Kpcp kpioe hn`hmþ kpioe, [\nI
_p[³ ambmhn\o þ ambmhn\o (ab¡p¶hÄ)
ip{I³ ZqjWo--- þ ZqjWn (Zpxkz`mhn)

ipt{I _lpZqjWm\y]XnKm ]qPym kp[oÀ hn{ipXm þ N{µ³ ip{Isâ cmin

Ifn (CShw, Xpemw) Xmcm{Kl§fpsS {Xnwimwi§fnÂ,
-- \n¶mepÅ ^ew
{XnwimwiI\mY³ ^ew
IpP³ þ _lpZqjWmþ henb Zpkz`mhn
i\n þ A\y]XnKm ]c]pcpj_ÔapÅhÄ
Kpcp þ ]qPym BZcn¡ss¸tShÄ
_p[³ þ kp[o _p²nimen
ip{I³ þ hn{ipX {]kn²

ÚÀt£ OZvahXo \r]pwkIkam km²zo KpWmtVymÕpImþþ

N{µ³ _p[sâ cminIfn (anYp\w, I¶n) Xmcm{Kl§fpsS
{Xnwimwi§fnÂ, -- \n¶mepÅ ^ew.
{XnwimwiI\mY³ ^ew
IpP³ þ OZvahXo þ I]Sthj¡mcn
i\n \]pwkIkam þ BWpws]®pwsI«hÄ
Kpcp km[zo ]Xn{hX
_p[³ þ KpWmVy KpWk¼¶
ip{I³ þ DÕpIm DÕmln

kzѵm `ÀXrLmXn\rXnalnXKpWm inev]n\o km[phr¯m þ kzt£

{X¯n (IÀ¡S¯nÂ) \n¡p¶ N{µ³ IpPmZnIfmb {Kl§fpsS
{Xnwimwi§fn \n¶mÂþþ
{XnwimwiI\mY³ ^ew
IpP³ kzѵm þ X¶njvS¡mcn
 [295]

i\n `ÀXrLmXo þ `À¯rLmXIn

Kpcp alnXKpWm þ KpWk¼¶
_p[³ in¸n\o þ sIm¯p]WnsN¿p¶hÄ
ip{I³ km[phr¯m þ kZvkz`mhn

Nt{µm ssPth KpWmVym hncXn cXnKpWm

ÚmXin¸mXnkm²zo þhymgt£{X¯n ([\p, ao\w) \n¡p¶ N{µ³
IpPmZnIfmb {Kl§fpsS {Xnwimwi§fn \n¶mÂþþ
{XnwimwiI\mY³ ^ew
IpP³ KpWmVyþKpWhXn
i\n hncXn þcXnbn Xm¸cyanÃm¯hÄ)
Kpcp AXnKpWhXn þkZvKpWk¼¶
_p[³ ÚmXin¸m þ(in¸the Adnbmhp¶hÄ)
ip{I³ AXnkm²zo * þ]Xn{hX
* ]mTt`Zw:
Akm²zo þ ]mXn{hXyanÃm¯hÄ þ sImSp§ÃqÀ ]Xn¸v.
(CXp icnbÃ. N{µ\pw hymghpw ip{I\pw ip`·mcmWtÃm.)

atµ Zmky\ykàm {inX]XnckXo\njv{]PmÀ°þ i\nt£{X¯nÂ

(aIcw,Ipw`w) \n¡p¶ N{µ³ IpPmZnIfmb{Kl§fpsS {Xnwimwi
§fn \n¶mÂþþ
{XnwimwiI\mY³ ^ew
IpP³ Zmkn
i\n A\ymkàmþ ]c]pcpjmkànbpÅhÄ
Kpcp {inX]Xnþ `À¯mhns\ B{ibn¡p¶hÄ
_p[³ AkXn þ ]Xn{hXbÃm¯hÄ
ip{I³ \njv{]PmÀ° þ a¡fpw [\hpw CÃm¯hÄ

ZpÀ`mjm lo\hr¯m [cWn]Xnh[qx ]pwhntNjvSm A\ykàmþ kqcyt£

{X¯n (Nn§¯nÂ) \n¡p¶ N{µ³ IpPmZnIfmb {Kl§fpsS
{Xnwimwi§fnÂ\n¶mÂþ

{XnwimwiI\mY³ ^ew
IpP³ ZpÀ`mjm þ No¯ hm¡pIÄ ]dbp¶hÄ
i\n lo\hr¯þ lo\{]hÀ¯nIÄ sN¿p¶hÄ
Kpcp [cWn]Xnh[qx þcmÚn
 [296]

_p[³ ]pwhntNjvSm þ]pcpjs\t¸mse

s]cpamdp¶hÄ
ip{I³ A\ykàm þ]c]pcpjmkànbpÅhÄ

iineákambpssàx ^ew {XnwimwissIcnZw þeá¯nsâ {XnwimwiI ^ew

N{µtâXp t]mse¯s¶bmWv .eáw,N{µ³ Chbn --_ew IqSn bXns\s¡mp
^ew ]dbWw.

(9)
tPyjvT{`mXcaw_nIm© ]nXcw
`ÀXpx I\njvTw {IamXv
tPyjvTmlymkpciqÀ¸PmÝ h\nXm
Lv\´oXn XÚm hnZpx
Nn{XmÀ{Zm`pPKkzcmSvOX`njMv
aqemánXntjymÛhm
hÔym hm hn[hm f Yhm arXkpXm
Xyàm {]ntbWmYhm.

tPyjvT{`mXmaw_nIm© .... XZvÚm hnZpxþXrt¡«, Bbneyw, aqew,

hnimJw Cu \mep \mfpIfn kv{Xo P\n¨m `ÀXr_Ôp¡Ä¡p
tZmjamWv / amcIamWv.
\£{Xw _m[n¡s¸Sp¶ _Ôp
tPyjvTm þtI«. > tPyjvT{`mXcwþ `À¯mhnsâ tPyjvT³
Aln þ Bbneyw. > Aw_nI þ `À¯mhnsâ amXmhv
Akpc þ aqew > ]nXcw þ `À¯mhnsâ ]nXmhv
iqÀ¸w þhnimJw > `À¯pI\njvTwþ `À¯mhnsâ A\pP³.

Nn{XmÀ{Zm`pPK .... Xyàm {]ntbWmYhm.

Nn{X þ Nn¯nc,
BÀZm þ XncphmXnc,
`pPK þ Bbneyw
Xrt¡«
iX`nj þ NXbw,
aqew, þaqew
Aán þ ImÀ¯nI,
Xnjyw þ]qbw þþ Cu \mfpIfn P\n¨ kv{XoIÄ
 [297]

hÔym þ {]khn¡m¯hÄ,
hn[hm þ `À¯mhp acn¨hÄ
arXkpXm þ a¡Ä acn¨hÄ,
Xyàm {]ntbW þ `À¯mhv Dt]£n¨hÄ
(ChÀ¡p `À¯rkpJhpw ]p{XkpJhpw Ipdhmbncn¡pw F¶p kmcw.)

(10)
N{µmkvtXmZb`mKy]mx kl ipss`x
kpØm\Km `mkzcmx
]qPym _Ôpjp ]pWyIÀaIpiem
kuµcy`mKym\znXm
`ÀXpx {]oXnIco kp]p{XklnXm
IeymWioem kXo
XmhZv`mXn kpawKeo N kpX\pÀ-þ
bmhÑp`mtVy f jvSta.

N{µmkvtXmZb`mKy]Êl ipss` þ N{µ³, Ggmw`mhm[n]Xn,

eám[n]³, `mKym[n]³ ChÀ ip`kw_Ôt¯msS
kpØm\Km `mkzcmx þ ip`Øm\§fn auVyanÃmsX
\n¶mÂ
]qPym _Ôpjp þ _Ôp¡fm ]qPn¡s¸Sp¶hÄ,
]pWyIÀ½Ipiem þ ]pWyIÀ½§fn kaÀ°bmbhÄ
kuµcy`mKym\znXm þ kuµcyhpw `mKyhpw DÅhÄ
`À¯p {]oXnIcm þ `À¯mhn\p {]oXn Dm¡p¶hfpw
kp]p{XklnXm þ \Ã a¡tfmSpIqSnbhfpw
IeymWioem kXo þ \Ã kz`mhapÅhfpw ]Xn{hXbpw
Bbncn¡pw.
XmhZv`mn kpawKeo N kpX\pÀbmhmOvip`mtVyjvSta.þ F«mw`mhw
CXp t]mse ip`Icambncp¶m kpawKenbpw kpX\phpw (kpµcnbpw)
Bbncn¡pw.

(11)
ioXtPymXnjn tbmjntXm f \p]Nbþ
 [298]

Ømt\ IptPt\£ntX
PmXwKÀ`^e{]Zw Jep cPþ
kym\yYm \njv^ew
ZrjvtS f kvan³ KpcpWm \ntPm]NbtK
Ipcym¶ntjIx ]pamþ
\XymtPy katb ip`m[nIbptX
]qÀhmZnImtemPvQntX.

ioXtPymXnjn tbmjntXm\p]NbØmt\ þ N{µ³ kv{XobpsS eá¯nsâ

A\p]NbØm\§fn (2þ4þ5þ7þ8þ9þ12þ1) GXnse¦nepw \n¡pIbpw
IptPt\£ntX þ IpP³ t\m¡pIbpw sN¿pt¼mÄ
PmXw KÀ`^e{]Zw þ DmIp¶ KÀ`w ^e{]ZamIpw.
Jep cPky\yYm \njv^ewþ AÃm¯t¸mÄ DmIp¶ cPÊv
\njv^eambnt¸mIpw. (KÀ`apmhnÃ.)
ZrjvtS Akvan³ KpcpWm \ntPm]NbtK Ipcym¶ntjIx ...
þ]pcpj³ KÀ`m[m\w sN¿p¶Xp kv{XobpsS eá¯nsâ D]Nb Øm\§fnÂ
(3þ6þ10þ11) \n¡p¶ N{µs\ hymgw t\m¡p¶ kab ¯mbncn¡Ww.
AXymtPy katb ip`m[nIbptX ]qÀhmZnImtemPvQntX. þ CXp
XymPyZnhkamhcpXv, KpWm[nIyapÅXmhWw, Cu hnjb¯nse
aäp \nba§Ä¡v A\pkrXhpamhWw.


A²ymbw 12 þ ]p{XNn´

(1)
kpØm hneáiint\mx kpXt`iPohmx
kpØm\\mY ip`ZrjvSnbptX kpXÀt£
eámß]u bZn bpXu N anYx kpZrjvSu
t£t{X ]ckv]cKXu bZn ]p{Xkn²nx.

hneá iint\mx þ eámepw N{µmepw,

kpXt`i Pohmx þ A©mw `mhm[n]Xnbpw hymghpw,
kpØm þ kpØm\§fn \n¶mepw,
 [299]

kpØm\\mY ip`ZrjvSn bptX þkpØm\\mY·mcpsStbm ip`cpsStbm

ZrjvSntbm tbmKtam
kpXÀt£- þ A©mw`mh¯n\pmbmepw
eámß]u bZn bpXu þ eám[n]\pw A©mw`mhm[n]\pw
Hcpan¨p \n¶mepw
anYx kpZrjvSu þ ]ckv]cw t\m¡nbmepw
t£t{X ]ckv]cKXu bZn ]ckv]cw cminamdn¶mepw
]p{Xkn²nx5. þ ]p{XcpmIpw

kpXt`i³ þ A©mw `mhm[n]Xn : ]p{X`mh¯nsâ \mY³

Poh³ þ hymgw þ ]p{XImcI³
kpØm\§Ä: ZpØm\§Ä (6þ8þ12) Hgn¨pÅh.
ip`·mÀ: Kp, ip (N, _p hyhØItfmsS)
anY : ]ckv]cw

(2)
eámatcUyiin\mw kpXt`jp ]mss]Àþ
bptà£ntXjzY ipss`cbptX£ntXjp
]mt]m`tbjp kpXt`jp kptXiztcjp
ZpxØm\tKjp \ `h´n kpXmx IY©nXv.

eámatcUyiin\mw - þeáw, Kpcp, N{µ³ ChcpsS

kpXt`jp þA©mw`mh¯nÂ
]mss]xbptà þ]m]·mÀ \n¡pItbm
Cu£ntXjp þ t\m¡pItbm sNbvXmepw
ipss` AbptX£ntXjp þ Cu Øm\§fn ip`·mÀ \n¡pItbm t\m¡pItbm
sN¿mXncp¶mepw
]m] D`tbjp kpXt`jpþ ChbpsS Ccphi¯pw ]m]{Kl§Ä
\n¶mepw
kptXiztcjp ZpØm\tKjpþ ]p{XØm\m[n]³ ZpØm\§fnÂ
\n¶mepw
\ `h´n kpXmx IY©nXvþ Hcp Xc¯nepw ]p{X·mcpmInÃ.

(3)
]mt] kzˣKtX kptX X\b`mIv
 [300]

Xkvan¶]mt] ]p\x
]p{Xmx kypÀ_lpemx ipt`m kz`ht\
tkmt{K kptX ]p{Xlm
kwÚm©mev]kpXÀ£anXyfnhrjþ
kv{Xoknwlm`m\mw hnZpþ
kvX{ZmiukpX`mKtKev]kpXhm³ Imemþ
´tc kn²yXn..

]mt] kptX þ ]p{XØm\¯p \n¡p¶Xp ]m]\msW¦nepw

kzÀ£KtX þ AXv B {Kl¯nsâ kzt£{XamsW¦nÂ
--X\b`mIv þ ]p{XcpmIpw.
Xkvan³ A]mt] ]p\x þ ]m]\p ]Icw A]m]\mWv C§ns\ \n¡p¶sX¦nÂ
thsd ]dtbXptm ?
ipt`m kz`ht\þ ip`·mÀ kz£{X¯n --(A©nÂ) \n¶mÂ
]p{Xmx kypx _lpemx þ At\Iw ]p{XcpmIpw.

tkmt{K kptX ]p{Xlm þ A©nse ]m]³ ]p{Xs\ l\n¡pw.

kwÚmw AÂ--]kpXÀ£anXn þ A¸kpXt£{X§fmb
Afn hrj kv{Xo knwlm`m\mw þ hrÝnIw, CShw, I¶n, Nn§w
XXv cmiu kpX`mKtK þ Cu cminIÄ A©mw`mhambn
h¶mÂ
AÂ]kpXhm³ þ a¡Ä Ipdhmbncn¡pw.
Imem´tc kn²yXn .þDmIp¶Xn\v kabsaSp¯psh¶pw hcmw
(4)
kqtcy Nm¸kpXÀ£tK \n[\tK atµ IptP eátK
eámjvShybssKx i\oUycp[nsscÝm¸mßPÀt£ kptX
Nt{µ em`KtX KpcpØnXkpXØmt\ k]mt] `thXv
etá f t\IJKm\zntX X\b`mIv Imem´tc bXv\Xx.

1kqtcy A¸kpXÀ£tK þ kqcy³ A¸kpX cminIfnÂ

\n¶mepw
2\n[\tK atµ F«n --i\n \n¶mepw,
3IptP eátK eá¯n IpP³ \n¶mepw
4eá AjvS hybssKx þ eáw, F«v, ]{´v `mh§fnembn
i\n CuUy cp[nssc i\n, Kpcp, IpP³ F¶nhÀ \n¶mepw
5 A¸mßPÀt£ kptX þ A¸]p{XØm\§Ä kpX`mhambn
 [301]

h¶mepw
6Nt{µ em`KtX þ N{µ³ ]Xns\m¶mw `mh¯n –
\n¶mepw
7KpcpØnX kpXØmt\ k]mt] `thXv þKpcp \n¡p¶ cminbpsS
A©n -- ]m]n \n¶mepw
8etá At\I JKm\zntX þ eá¯n At\Iw {Kl§Ä --\n¶mepw
X\b`mIv Imem´tc bXv\Xx. þ Imem´c¯nÂ, bXv\wsImv
(]cnlmcIÀ½§ÄsImv) a¡fpmIpw.
(5)
kqtcy \m\ybptX kpXÀ£klntX N{µky tKtl ØntX
`uta hm `rKptP f ]n hm kXn kpX{]m]vXnw ZznXobkv{Xnbmw
atµ hm _lp]p{XhmwÑin\n hm kutaym]n hm¸mßtPm
tZthtUy _lpZmcnIm iinKrtl XZzXv kpXm[njvTntX.

kqtcy \ A\ybptX kpXÀ£ klntX N{µky tKtl ØntX

þIÀ¡Sw A©mw`mhambn kqcy³ AXn Häbv¡p \nÂ--¡pI, AsænÂ
`uta hm `rKptPm]n hm kXn þ
IpPt\m ip{It\m A§ns\ \nÂ--¡pI,
kpX{]m]vXnw ZznXobkv{Xnbmw þ
F¶m cmw`mcybn a¡fpmIpw.,
atµ hm _lp]p{Xhmw þ
i\n C§s\ Häbv¡p \n¶m hfsc ]p{XcpmIpw.

iin\n hm kutaym]n hm A¸mßtPm þ N{µt\m _p[t\m CXpt]mse

Häbv¡p \n¶m a¡Ä Ipdbpw,
tZthtVy _lpZmcnIm iinKrtl XZzXv kpXm[njvTntX. þ N{µt£{Xamb
A©mw`mh¯n --Kpcp \n¶m hfsc ]p{XnamÀ DmIpw. (ZmcnI þ ]
p{Xn)

(6)
kpJmkvXZiaØnssXcip`ImhyioXmwip`nÀþ
hybmjvSX\tbmZtbjzip`tKjp hwi£bx
atZ IhnhnZu aXu KpcpckÛncw_pØnssXx
kptX iin\n ss\[\hybX\pØ]mss]c]n.

kpJ AkvX Zia ØnssXx Aip` Imhy ioXmwip`nx þ

 [302]

\men ]m]³, Ggn ip{I³, ]¯n N{µ³

hyb AjvS X\b DZtbjjp Aip`tKjp þ 12, 8, 5, eáw ChIfnÂ
]m]·mÀ
hwi£b þ Cu ØnXn hwi\miw kqNn¸n¡p¶p.
.atZ Ihn hnZu þ Ggn ip{I\pw _p[\pw
Kpcp AkÛn Aw_pØnssX þ \men hymgw ]m]tcmSpIqsS
kptX iin\n þ A©n N{µ³
ss\[\ hyb X\pØ ]mss]x þ 7, 12, 1 `mh§fn --]m]nIÄ
þþ CsXÃmw hwi\miw kqNn¸n¡p¶p.

(7)
]mt] etá eát] ]p{XkwtØ
[oti hotcy thiva\oµmh]p{Xx
HmPÀt£ þ wti ]p{XtK kqcyZrjvtS
Nt{µ ]p{Xt¢i`mIv kymZkq\px.

]mt] etá - þ ]m]³ eá¯n --

eát] ]p{XkwtØ þ A©n eám[n]Xn
[oti hotcy þ A©mw`mhm[n]Xn aq¶nÂ
thiva\oµm þ \men N{µ³
A]p{Xx þ CsXÃmw
A]p{XtbmK§fmWv.
HmPÀt£ Awti ]p{XtK Nt{µ þ ]p{XØm\w HmPcmiywiambncn
¡pIbpw AXn N{µ³ \n¡pIbpw
kqcyZrjvtS þ kqcy³ t\m¡pIbpw sNbvXm --
]p{Xt¢i`mIv kymXv þ ]p{Xt¢iw AsænÂ
Akq\px A]p{XXzw ^ew.

(8)
amµw kpXÀ£w bZn hm f Y_u[w
amµyÀI]p{Xm\znXho£nXw tNXv
Z¯ßPx kymZpZbmkvX\mYþ
Êw_Ôlot\m hn_ex kptXix.

amµw kpXÀ£w þ A©mw`mhw i\nbpsS cminbmhpI,

bZn hm AY _u[w þ Asæn _p[sâ cminbmhpI
 [303]

amµnAÀ¡]p{Xm\znX þ (AXn\p) KpfnI³, i\n ChcpsS

tbmKtam
ho£nXw tNXv þ ZrjvSntbmtbm DmhpI;
hn_ex kptXix þ A©mw`mhm[n]\v _eanÃmXncn¡pI;
DZbmkvX\mY (AXn\p) eám[n]\pw
Ggmw`mhm[n]\pambn
kw_Ôlot\m kw_ÔanÃmXncn¡pI
Z¯ßP kymXv Ch Z¯p]p{XtbmK§fmWv.

(9)
\oNmcnaqtVm]KtX kptXti
cnx^mcn c{Ôm[n]kwbptX hm
kpXky\mix IYntXm f {X XssÚx
ipss`cZrjvtS kpXt` kptXti.

kptXti - þ A©mw`mhm[n]Xn
\oN Acn aqV D]KtX þ \oN¯ntem i{Xpt£{X¯ntem
auVyt¯mSpIqSntbm \n¡pI
hm þ AsænÂ
cnx^ Acn c{Ô A[n]kwbptX þ 12, 6, 8 A[n]cpsS IqsS
\n¡pI;
kpXt` þ A©mw`mh¯n\pw
kptXti þ A©mw`mhm[n]Xn¡pw
ipss`x AZrjvtS þ ip`ZrjvSn CÃmXncn¡pI.
kpXky\mix Cu ØnXnIÄ ]p{X\mis¯
kqNn¸n¡p¶psh¶p
IYntXmA{X XssÚx þ AdnhpÅhÀ ]dbp¶p.

(10)
kpX\mYPohIpP`mkvItcjp ssh
]pcpjmwitIjp N KtXjp Ip{XNnXv
ap\tbm hZ´n _lp]p{XXmw XZm
kpX\mYhocyhiXx kp]p{XXmw.

kpX\mY Poh IpP `mkvItcjp sshþ

 [304]

A©mw`mhm[n]³, Kpcp, IpP³, chn ChÀ

]pcpjmwitIjp N KtXjp Ip{XNnXv-þ
\n¡p¶ \hmwiw ]pcpjcminbmbmÂ
ap\tbm hZ´n _lp]p{XXmw XZmþ
hfsc ]p{XcpmIpsa¶p ap\namÀ ]dbp¶p.
kpX\mYhocyhiXx þ A©mw`mhm[n]sâ _ea\pkcn¨p
kp]p{XXmw. þ ]p{Xsâ kz`mhKpWhpw ]dbmw.

(11)
]pwcmiywti [oiztc ]pw{Ktlss{µÀþ
bptà ZrjvtS ]pw{Ktl ]pw{]kqXnx
kv{Xocmiywti kv{Xo{KsslxcypàZrjvtS
kv{XoWmw P· kymXv kpXÀt£ kptXti.

[oiztc þ A©mw`mhm[n]Xn
]pwcmiywti þ ]pcpjcminbn / \hmwi¯n \n¡pI;
AXn\p
]pw{Ktlss{µx bptà þ]pcpj{Kl§fpsS tbmKtam
]pw{Ktl ZrjvtSþ ZrjvSntbm DmhpI (F¦nÂ)
]pw{]kqXnx þ B¬Ip«nbmIpw.

kv{Xocmiywti -þ (A©mw`mhm[n]Xn) kv{Xocminbntem

kv{Xo\hmwi¯ntem \n¡pI; AXn\p
kv{Xo{Ksslx bpàZrjvtS þkv{Xo{Kl§fpsS tbmKtam
ZrjvSntbm DmhpI, F¦nÂ
kv{XoWmw P· kymXv þs]¬Ip«nbmIpw.
kpXÀt£ kptXti.þ A©mw`mhwsImpw A©mw`mhm[n
]Xnsbs¡mpw (C§s\ Nn´n¡Ww.)

(12)
_ebpàu kzKlmwtiþ
jzÀ¡knXmh]NbÀ£Ku ]pwkmw
kv{XoWmw hm IpPN{µu
bZm XZm kw`hXn KÀ`x.

AÀ¡ knXm þ chnip{I·mÀ

 [305]

_ebpàu þ _ehm·mcmbn
kzKrlmwtijp þ kzt£{X\hmwi§fnÂ
D]NbÀ£Ku þ D]NbØm\§fn \n¡pt¼mÄ
]pwkmw þ ]pcpj\pw (AXmbXv, ]pcpj³
_Ôs¸Sp¶ kv{Xo¡pw)
IpPN{µu þ IpP\pw N{µ\pw (CXpt]mse
\n¡pt¼mÄ)
kv{XoWmw þ kv{XoIÄ¡p
kw`hXn KÀ`x þ KÀ`w DmIpw.

(13)
Ai{Xp\oNmcn\hmwissIÊptX
kptXibpssàc]n ssXkvXYmhnss[x
kpXÀ£ssKÀhm Kpcp`mZn\mwiImXv
kptX ^ssex ]p{XanXnÀhnNn´ytX.

kptX þ A©n \n¡p¶Xpw

Ai{Xp\oNAcn \hmwissIx i{Xpt£{XØnXntbm \oNmhØtbm
i{Xp\hmwiIØnXntbm CÃm¯Xpamb
{Kl§fpsS F®wsImtm
kptXibpssàc]n A©mw`mhm[n]sâ IqsS
ssXkvXYmhnss[x þ \n¡p¶ {Kl§fn i{Xpt£{XØnXn
apXembh CÃm¯ {Kl§fpsS F®wsImtm
Kpcp`m þ hymgw \n¡p¶
cminbnÂ\nt¶m
Zn\mwiImXv þ kqcy³ \n¡p¶ \hmwi¯nÂ\nt¶m
kpXÀ£ssKÀhm þA©n \n¡p¶ {Kl§fpsS
AjvSIhÀ¤_nµp¡sfs¡mtm
kptX þ ]p{XkwJy ]dbWw.

(14)
Pothµp£nXnPkv^pssSIy`ht\
bptÜ N bpÜmwitI
kv{XoWmw t£{X^ew hZ´n kpXZw
ant{i {]bmkmXv ^ew
`mkzXvip{IKpcpkv^pssSIy`ht\f-
 [306]

t]ymPmwitI f t]ymPt`
]pwkmw _oP_ew kpX{]Zanaw
ant{i Xp an{iw htZXv.

Poh Cµp £nXnP kv^pS þ (kv{XoPmXI¯nÂ) Kpcp, N{µ³,

IpP³ ChcpsS kv^pS§Ä
sFIy`ht\ þ Iq«nbm In«p¶Xv
bptÜ N bpÜmwitI þ bpÜcminbn bpÜmwiambn h¶mÂ
kv{XoWmw t£{X^ew kpXZwþ kv{XoIÄ¡p ]p{Xkn²n¡p th
t£{X^eamIpw.
ant{i {]bmkmXv ^ew þ CXp an{iambncp¶m ^e{]m]vXn¡p
{]bmkapmIpsa¶pw (]cnlmc§Ä thnhcpsa¶pw)
hZ´n þ (BNmcy·mÀ) ]dbp¶p.

`mkzXvip{I Kpcp kv^pSssSIyþ(]pcpjPmXI¯nÂ) chn, ip{I³, Kpcp

ChcpsS kv^pS§Ä Iq«nbm In«p¶Xv
`ht\t]ymPmwitIt]ymPtI þ HmPcminbpw HmPAwiIhp ambn
cp¶mÂ
]pwkmw _oP_ew kpX{]Zanaw þ]p{Xkn²n¡v Bhiyamb
_oP_eamIpw.
ant{i Xp an{iw htZXv þ an{iambncp¶m {]bXv\w (]cnlmc {InbIÄ)
sImv ^ew DmIpsa¶pw ]dbWw.

(15)
]©Lv\mÑin\x kv^pSmZnjp lXw
`m\pkv^pSw tim[tbþ
¶oXzm X{X XnYnw kntX ip`XnYu
]pt{Xm f kvXybXv\mZ]n
IrjvtW \mkvXn kpXØntXx _ehimXv
{_qbmZztbmx ]£tbmx
ZÀti On{ZXnYu N hnjvSnIctW
\ kymXv ØncmtJy kpXx.

]©Lv\mÑin\x kv^pSmZnjp þ
A©psImv KpWn¨ N{µkv^pS¯nÂ\n¶pw
 [307]

lXw `m\pkv^pSw tim[tb¶oXzm X{X XnYnw þ A©psImv KpWn¨

kqcykv^pSw Ipd¨m k´m\XnYnkv^pSw In«pw.
CXns\ XnYn{]amWw (720 Ie) sImp lcn¨p XnYn ImWWw
.X{X XnYnw kntX ip`XnYu ]pt{Xm f kvXn AbXv\mZ]nþ Cu XnYn
shfp¯ ]£¯nse ip`XnYnbmsW¦n km[mcW KXnbn¯s¶ ]p{X·mÀ
DmIpw.
IrjvtW \mkvXn... þ Idp¯]£XnYnbmsW¦n {]bXv\w IqSmsX
(]cnlmcw sN¿msX) ]p{XcpmInÃ.
kpXØntXx _ehimXv {_qbmXv Zztbmx ]£tbmxþ CXv GXp ]
£¯nembmepw, A©n \n¡p¶ {Kl¯nsâ _ew IqSn t\mt¡Xpv.
ZÀti On{ZXnYu N hnjvSnIctW \ ØncmtJy kpXx.
On{ZXnYnItfm hnjvSnIcWtam, ØncIcWtam hcp¶psh¦nÂ, ]p{Xcp-
mhpIbpanÃ.

On{ZXnYnIÄ:
NXpˡn, jjvTn. AjvSan, \han, ZzmZin, NXp˱in.
hnjvSnIcWw:
shfp¯]£¯nÂ: AjvSan, hmhv ChbpsS ]qÀhm²w
NXpÀ°n, GImZin ChbpsS D¯cmÀ²w
Idp¯]£¯nÂ: k]vXan, NXpÀ±in ChbpsS ]qÀhmÀ²w
XrXob, Zian ChbpsS D¯cmÀ²w
ØncIcWw:
]pÅv, \m¡men, ]m¼v, ]pgp.(ChsbÃmwXs¶
FÃm \à Imcy§Ä¡pw Hgnhmt¡hbmWv.)

(16)
hnjvSnx Øncw hm IcWw bZn kymXv
IrjvWw btPXv ]ucpjkqà ass{´x
jjvTymw Kplmcm[\a{X Imcyw
btP NXpÀ°ymw Ine \mKcmPw.

hnjvSnx Øncw hm IcWw bZn kymXv þ

k´m\XnYnbn hnjvSntbm ØncIcWtam BWv hcp¶sX¦nÂ
IrjvWw btPXv ]ucpjkqàass{´xþ
]pcpjkqàwsImv IrjvWs\ Bcm[n¡Ww.
 [308]

jjvTymw Kplmcm[\w A{XImcywþ

(AXpt]mse) jjvTnbn kp{_ÒWyt\bpw
btP NXpÀ°ymw \mKcmPw.þ
NXpÀ°nbn \mKcmPmhns\bpw ]qPn¡Ww.

(17)
cmambWky {ihWw \haymw
bZyjvSao tNXv {ihWw {hXw N
NXp˱io tNZyZn cp{Z]qPm
kym±zmZio tNXv kvarXa¶Zm\w.
cmambWky {ihWw \haymw þ (k´m\XnYn) \hanbn BsW¦nÂ
cmambWw tIÄ¡Ww ({ihWw)
bZyjvSao tNXv {ihWw {hXw N þ AjvSanbn -- {ihWhpw {hXhpw
NXpÀ±io tNXv bZn cp{Z]qPm þ NXpÀ±inbn -- cp{Z]qP
ZzmZio tNXv kvarXa¶Zm\w. þ ZzmZinbn -- Du«v.

(18)
Xr]vXnw ]nXrWmanl ]©Ziymw
- IrjvtW Ziaymw ]ctXm f XnbXv\mXv
]£{Xn`mtKjz]n \mKcmPw
kvIµ© tkthX lcnw {ItaW.

Xr]vXnw ]nXrWmanl ]©Ziymw þ (k´m\XnYn) ]©ZinbnÂ

(hmhp--¶mfnÂ) BsW¦n ]nXr¡sf Xr]vXns¸Sp¯Ww
IrjvtW Ziaymw ]ctXm AXnbXv\mXv -þ (k´m\XnYn) IrjvW]£ Zian¡p
tijamsW¦n AXn{]bXv\w (IqSpX ]cnlmcw) sImp am{Xta k´Xn
DmIq.
ChIqSmsX k´m\XnYn tZmj]cnlmc¯n\v
]£{Xn`mtKjz]n \mKcmPw kvIµ© tkthX lcnw {ItaW þ
Hcp ]£s¯ aq¶p `mKam¡nbm þþ
BZy`mK¯msW¦n (1þ5 XnYnIÄ) þ \mKcmPmhv,
cmaXp `mK¯msW¦n (6þ10 XnYnIÄ) þ kvIµ³ (kp{_ÒWy³),
aq¶mw `mK¯msW¦n (11þ15 XnYnIÄ) þ lcn (hnjv Wp)
þþF¶ {Ia¯n ]qPn¡bpw thWw.

(19)
 [309]

]pt{Xtim cn]p\oNtKm f kvXabtKm

cnx^mjvSamcnØnXþ
kvXZzXv]p{XKrlØntXm f ]n bZn hm
ZpØm\]kvXZzimXv
]p{Xm`mh\nZm\tah IYtbþ
¯XvtJNcm{Im´`x
t{]mssàÀssZhX`qcpsslc]n arssKx
k´m\tlXpw htZXv.

]pt{Xi cn]p \oN AkvXabtKm, cnx^m AjvSa AcnØnXþ

A©mw`mhm[n]Xn,i{Xpt£{X¯ntem \oN¯ntem auVy¯ntem, 12þ8þ6
`mh§fntem \n--¶mepw
XZzXv ]p{XKrl ØnX A]nþAXpt]mse A©mw`mh¯nÂ
\n¡p¶ {Klw C{]Imcw \n¶mepw
ZpØm\]kvXZzimXvþ B {Klw (A©mw `mhm[n]Xn /
A©mw`mh¯n \n¡p¶ {Klw) ZpØm\m[n]³ Bbncp--¶mepw
]p{X A`mh \nZm\tah IYtbXv þ]p{X·mÀ Csöpw (AXn\p
ImcWhpw) ]dbWw.

XXv tJNc B{Im´`xþ B {Klw \n¡p¶ cmin/\£{Xw sh¨v

t{]mssàx ssZhX `qcpssl A]n arssKx k´m\tlXpw htZXvþ
tZhX, hr£w, arKw XpS§nb k´m\ (tZmj) ImcW§Ä ]dbWw.
(AXp hgn F´nsâ tIm]w / im]w aqeamWv a¡Ä DmIm¯sX¶p Is-
¯pIbpw AXn\p ]cnlmcw sN¿pIbpw sN¿mw.)

(20)
t{ZmlmÑw`p kp]À®tbmÀ\ln kpXx
im]mXv ]nXrWmw cthþ
cntµmÀamXrkphmkn\o `KhXoþ
tIm]m·t\mtZmjXx
kz{KmaØnXtZhXmKplcn]pþ
ÚmXyp°tZmjmXv IptP
im]mXv _meIrXmZv _nemf (_nUme) h[Xx
{iohnjvWptIm]mXv _pt[.

(21)
 [310]

]mc¼cykpc{]nbZznPKpcpt{ZmlmXv ^emVy{Zpaþ
tÑZmXv tZhKpcu XYm kXn `rKu ]pjv]{ZpatÑZ\mXv
km[zo tKmIpePmXtZmjhitXm b£ymZn Imta\ km
atµ - iz°h[m{Zpjm ]nXr]tXx t{]ssXx ]nimNmZn`nx.

(22)
kzÀ`m\u kpXtK kptXiklntX
kÀ]ky im]m¯Ym
tIXu {_mÒWim]XÝ KpfntI
t{]tXm°im]w htZXv
ipt{Iµq KpfnIm\znXu bZn h[qþ
tKml¯namlpÊptX
Pothm hmY inJo kamµncnl tNXv
`qtZhlXym f kpXx

.kpXtK kptXiklntX þ
(ZpÀºe\mb) A©mw`mhm[n]³/A©n -- \n¡p¶ {Klw
kqNn¸n ¡p¶ k´m\tZmjImcW§Äþþ
cth --þ kqcy\msW¦nÂ
t{ZmlmXv iw`p kp]À®tbmx im]mXv ]nXrWmw þ
inh³, KcpU³, ]nXmhv / ]nXr¡Ä ChcpsS tIm]w/im]w
Ctµmx þ N{µ\msW¦nÂ
amXr kphmkn\o `KhXo tIm]m·t\mtZmjXxþ
amXmhv, kpawKen, `KhXn ChcpsS tIm]w/im]w
IptP þ IpP\msW¦nÂ
kz{KmaØnXtZhXm Kpl co]p ÚmXyp°tZmjmXv þ {KmatZhX,
kp{_ÒWy³, i{Xp¡Ä, _Ôp¡Ä ChcpsS tIm]w/im]w
_pt[. þ _p[\msW¦nÂ
im]mXv _meIrXmXv _nUmeh[Xx {iohnjvWptIm]mXv
þ_meim]w, amÀÖmch[w, hnjvWptIm]w
tZhKpcu þ hymgamsW¦nÂ
]mc¼cykpc{]nbZznPKpcpt{ZmlmXv^emVy{ZpatÑZmXv þ
[À½ssZhw, {_mÒW³, Kpcp ChcpsS tIm]w/im]w,
^ehr£§Ä apdn¨Xnsâ ]m]w.
 [311]

`rKu þ ip{I\msW¦nÂ
]pjv] {Zpa tÑZ\mXv km[zo tKmIpePmXtZmjhitXmb£mZn Imta\ þ ]
q¡p¶ ac§Ä apdn¨Xnsâ tZmjw, t{ijvTkv{Xoim]w, ]ipt{Zml ]m]w,
b£n KÔÀh D]{Zh§Ä
atµ þ i\nbmsW¦nÂ
Aiz°h[m{Zpjm ]nXr]tXx t{]ssXx ]mimNmZn`nx þ
Acbm apdn¨Xnsâ tZmjw, [À½tZh (ba) tIm]w,
t{]X]nimNp¡fpsS D]{Zhw.
kzÀ`m\u þ cmlphmsW¦nÂ
kÀ]ky im]w þ \mKim]w
tIXu þ tIXphmsW¦nÂ
{_mÒWim]XÝ þ {_mÒWim]w
KpfntI þ KpfnI\msW¦nÂ
t{]tXm°im]w þ t{]Xim]w

ipt{Iµq KpfnIm\znXu bZn h[qtKmlXy..þ ip{I\pw N{µ\pw KpfnI\pw

IqSn CXpt]mse \n¶m kv{Xoh[ tKmh[ ]m]§Ä
Pothm inJo kamµncnl tNXv þ hymgw, tIXp, KpfnI³
C{]Imcw \n¶mÂ. `qtZhlXy þ {_ÒlXym]m]w.

(23)
Ghw ln P·katb _lp]qÀhP·þ
IÀ½mÀÖnXw ZqcnXaky hZ´n XÖvRmx
X¯Zv {KtlmàP]Zm\ip`{Inbm`nþ
kvXt±mjim´nanl iwkXn ]p{Xknss²y.

_lp ]qÀhP· IÀ½ BÀÖnXw ZqcnXaky þ ap³P·§fn sNbvX IÀ½

§fpsS ^eambn DmIp¶ (k´m\anÃmbva XpS§nb) ZpcnX§Ä
Ghw ln P·katb hZ´n XÖvRmxþ C{]ImcamWv, P\\kabs¯
{Kl\nebn¡qSn kqNn¸n¡s¸Sp¶sX¶v AdnhpÅhÀ ]dbp¶p.

Xt±mjim´nw Cl ]p{Xknss²yþ
a¡fpmIp¶Xn\v Cu tZmj§fpsS im´n¡mbn
X¯Zv {Ktlmà þ Hmtcm {Kl¯n\pw ]dªn«pÅ
P]Zm\ ip`{Inbm`nx þ
P]w, Zm\w, XpS§nb ip`{InbIÄ (]cnlmcambn sN¿Ww)
 [312]

iwkXn þ F¶pw ]dbs¸«ncn¡p¶p.

(24)
tkXpkv\m\w IoÀ¯\w k¡Ymbmw
]qPmw iwt`mx {io]tXx kZv{hXm\n
Zm\w {im²w IÀa \mK{]XnjvTmw
IpcymtZssXcm]v\pbmXv k´Xow kx.

tkXpkv\m\w þ kap{Zkv\m\w,
IoÀ¯\w k¡Ymbmw þ (]pcmWmZn) kXv¡YIfpsS IoÀ¯\w
(]mcmbWw)
]qPmw iwt`mx {io]tXxþ inh]qP, hnjvWp]qP, Chcpambn
_Ôs¸« {hX§Ä,
Zm\w {im²w IÀa \mK{]XnjvTmwþ Zm\w, {im²IÀ½§Ä,\mK{]XnjvT
IpcymXv GssX þ(XpS§nb ]cnlmc{InbIÄ) sNbvXmÂ
B]v\pbmXv k´Xow.þ k´m\apmIpw.

(25)
eámkvX]p{X]XnPohZim]lmtc
]pt{X£Iky kpXKky N ]p{Xkn²nx
]pt{XicminaYhm baIIÀ£w
Poth KtX X\bkn²ncYmwit` hm.

eáþAkvXþ]p{X]Xn Poh þ 1 , 7, 5 `mhm[n]XnIÄ, Kpcp ChcpsS

Zim]lmtc þ Zim]lmc§fntem
]pt{X£Iky kpXKky Nþ A©n \n¡pItbm A©ntebv¡p
t\m¡pItbm sN¿p¶ {Kl§fpsS (Zim]lmc§fntem)
]p{Xkn²nx þ ]p{XcpmIpw.
]pt{Xicminw AYhm baIIÀ£wþ (AsænÂ) A©mw`mhm[n]Xntbm
baIIt\m \n¡pItbm Awin¡pItbm sN¿p¶ cminbnÂ
Poth KtX þ --(NmchimÂ) Kpcp hcp¶ kab¯pw
X\bkn²nx þ ]p{XcpmIpw.

(26)
eám[oix ]p{X\mtY\ tbmKw
tkzmt¨ kzÀt£ NmcKXym ktaXn
 [313]

]p{X{]m]vXnx kym¯Zm eá\mYx

]p{XÀ£w hm bmXy[oim]vX`w hm.

eám[oix ]p{X\mtY\ tbmKw þ

eám[n]Xn A©mw`mhm[n]XntbmSpIqSn
tkzmt¨ kzÀt£ NmcKXym ktaXn þ
D¨¯ntem kzt£{X¯ntem Nmchim hcpt¼mÄ
]p{X{]m]vXnx þ ]p{XcpmIpw. --
kymXv XZm eá\mYx ]p{XÀ£w hm A[oim]vX`w bmXn...þ eám[n]Xn
C{]Imcw A©ntem A©mw`mhm[n]Xn \n¡p¶
cminbntem hcpt¼mgpw (]p{XcpmIpw.)

(27)
hneáImamßP\mbIm\mw
tbmKmXv kam\ob Zimw almJymw
kpXØZzo£IXXv]Xo\mw
Zim]lmtcjp kptXmÛhx kymXv.

hneáImamßP\mbIm\mw...ZimwalmJymwþ
eám[n]Xn, Ggmw`mhm[n A©mw`mhm[n]Xn ChcpsS ZibnÂ
(ChcpsS {Klkv^pS§Ä Iq«n \£{XZi hcp¯nbXnÂ)
kpXØ ho£I XXv]Xo\mw Zim]lmtcjpþ
A©n \n¡pItbm A©ntebv¡p t\m¡pItbm sN¿p¶ {l¯nsâtbm
A©mw`mhm[n]tâtbm Zim]lmc§fnÂ
kptXmÛhx þ ]p{XcpmIpw.

(28)
kpX]XnKpÀthmcYhm
XZypàcmiywiIm[n]m\mw hm
_eklnXky Zimbmþ
a]lmtc hm kpX{]m]vXnx

kpX]Xn KpÀthm þ A©mw`mhm[n]Xn, Kpcp,

AYhm XZypà... þ
 [314]

Asæn A©mw`mhm[n]Xntbm Kpcpthm (\n¡p¶)

cmiywiIm[n]m\mw hm þ cminbpsS \mY³, AwiI\mY³ (ChcnÂ)
_eklnXky Zimbma]lmtc hm þ
_etadp¶ {Kl¯nsâ Zim]lmc§fnÂ
kpX{]m]vXnx þ ]p{XcpmIpw.

(29)
Poth Xp PohmßP\mY`mwiIþ
{XntImWtK ]p{XP\oÀ`th¶rWmw
AYm\yimkvt{XW N P·IetXm
\ncq]tbXvk´Xne£Ww _p[x.

PohmßP\mY`mwiI þ (P\\kab¯p) hymgw \n¶ cminbptStbm

A©mw`mhm[n]Xn \n¶ cminbptStbm AwiI¯nsâ
{XntImWtK þ {XntImW¯n --
Poth þ hymgw hcpt¼mÄ
]p{XP\oÀ`th¶rWmw þ ]p{X³ P\n¡pw.
AYm\yimkvt{XW N P·ImetXm \ncq]tbXv k´Xne£Ww _p[x. þ
A\yimkv{X§sfs¡mpw P\\kabs¯ k´Xn e£Ww \ncq]n¡Ww.

(30)
P·\£{X\mYky {]XycÀ£m[n]ky N
kv^pStbmKw KtX Poth {XntImtW hm kptXmÛhx

P·\£{X\mYky þ P·\£{Xm[n]tâbpw
{]XycÀ£m[n]ky N þ A©mw\£{Xm[n]tâbpw
kv^pStbmKw þ kv^pStbmK¯nsâ
{XntImtW hm þ {XntImW¯nÂ
KtX Poth þ Kpcp hcpt¼mÄ
kptXmÛhx þ ]p{XcpmIpw

(31)
\ntjIeám±n\]kvXrXotb
cmiu bZm NmchimZpss]Xn
B[m\eámZYhm {XntImtW
chu bZm P· htZ¶cmWmw.
 [315]

\ntjIeámXv XrXotb cmiu þ \ntjIeá¯nsâ aq¶nÂ

AYhm þ AsænÂ
B[m\eámXv {XntImtW þ B[m\eá¯nsâ {XntImW¯nÂ
Zn\] NmchimXv Dss]Xn þ kqcy³ NmchimÂ\n¡p¶psh¦nÂ
P· htZXv \cmWmw þ AXp a\pjyP·amsW¶p ]dbWw.
(\ntjIw þ tkIw : hnhmltijw BZyambn _Ôs¸Sp¶Xv.B[m\w : KÀ`m[m\w)

(32)
B[m\eámXv kpXt`iP·þ
`tKy f ]n hm ]pWyhim¨ hmNyw
B[m\etá ip`ZrjvSntbmtK
ZoÀLmbpsscizcybptXm \cx kymXv.

B[m\eámXv kpXt`i þ B[m\eá¯nsâ A©mw`mhm[n]³

P·`tKyf]n hm þ
P·¯ntem (1) `mKy¯ntem (9) \n¡pIbmsW¦nÂ
]pWyhimXv N hmNyw þ ]pWywsImpÅ P\\amsW¶pw ]dbWw.
B[m\etá ip`ZrjvSntbmtK þ B[m\eá¯n\p ip`sâ tbmKtam ZrjvSntbm
Ds¦nÂ
ZoÀLmbp sFizcybptXm \cx kymXv. þZoÀLmbpÊpw sFizcyhpw
DÅh\mIpw.

(33)
XXvImteµp ZzmZimwti tajm¯mhXn t` f]n hm
Xkvam¯mhXn t` hm f]n P·N{µw htZZv _p[x.

XXvImteµp þ B[m\kabs¯ N{µsâ

ZzmZimwti þ ZzmZimwiw
tajm¯mhXn t`f]n hm þ taSwapXÂF{Xmas¯ cminbnemtWm
Xkvam¯mhXn t` .. þ A{Xmas¯ cminbnembncn¡pw
P·N{µw þ PmXI¯nse N{µ³
htZXv þ F¶p ]dbWw.
 [316]

(34)
{]iv\mßP kzoIctWm]\oXnþ
I\ym{]Zm\m f `n\hmÀXthjp
B[m\Imte]n N P·Xpeyw
^ew htZÖ·hneáXÝ.

{]iv\w þ {]iv\w
BßP kzoIcW þ ]p{XkzoIcWw,
D]\oXn þ D]\b\w,
I\ym{]Zm\ þ I\yImZm\w,
A`n\h BÀ¯thjp þ BZyEXp apXembhbnepw
B[m\Imte A]n þ B[m\Ime¯nepw
P·Xpeyw þ PmXI¯n sN¿p¶Xpt]mse
P·hneáXx N þ eámepw N{µmepw Nn´n¨p
^ew htZXv þ ^ew ]dbWw.

A²ymbw 13 þ BbpÀ\nÀ®bw
(1)
PmtX Ipamtc kXn ]qÀhamsscy-þ
cmbpÀhnNn´yw ln XXx ^em\n
hnNmcWob KpWn\n ØntX XZvþ
KpWmx kakvXmx Jep e£WssÚx.

PmtX Ipamtc þ Hcp inip P\n¨mÂ

]qÀhamsscyx þ BZyambn sNt¿Xv
Bbpx hnNn´yw þ BbpÀNn´bmWv.
ln XXx ^em\n þ AXn\ptijw thWw ^eNn´.
KpWn\n ØntX þ (P\\kabs¯ {Kl\nebnÂ)
 [317]

KpWIcamb {KlØnXn ImWp¶psh¦nÂ

--KpWmx kakvXmx þ (ZoÀLmbpÊp XpS§nb) kIeKpW^ehpw
e£WssÚx. (]cnNbk¼¶\mb) ssZhÚ\mÂ(am{Xw)
hnNmcWob þ Nn´n¡s¸SWw

(2)
tINnZyYm[m\hneáat\y
ioÀtjmZbw `q]X\w ln tINnXv
tlmcmhnZtÝX\Imbtbmt\ymÀ
hntbmKImew IYb´n eáw.

tINnXv bYm B[m\hneáw þ NneÀ B[m\kabs¯ eáhpw

At\y ioÀtjmZbw þ NneÀ intcmZÀi\hpw (incÊp
shfnbn ImWp¶) kabs¯ eáhpw
`q]X\w ln tINnXv þ aäp NneÀ `q]X\hpw (Ip«n
amXricocw hn«v Xmsg hogp¶) kabs¯ eáhpw
tNX\Imbtbmx hntbmKImewþ C\n NneÀ s]m¡nÄsImSn apdn¨v
Ip«n XnI¨pw kzX{´amIp¶ kabs¯ eáhpw P·eáamsbSp¡p¶p.

CXn GXmWv --icnbmb P\\kabw G¶Xv C¶pw

XÀ¡ hnjbamWvv. intcmZÀi\amWv ChnsS {][m\ambpw ]n
´pScp¶Xv.

(3)
BZzmZim_vZm¶ctbm\nP·\mþ
ambpjvIem \nÝbnXpw \ iIytX
am{Xm N ]n{Xm IrX]m]IÀaWm
_me{KsslÀ\miapss]Xn _meIx.

PmXI{]Imcw [mcmfw BbpÊp ImWmsa¦nepwþþ

BZzmZim_vZm³ \ctbm\nP·\mw þ
]{´p hbÊp XnIbp¶Xp hsc HcmfpsS
BbpjvIem \nÝbnXpw \ iIytX þ
bYmÀ° BbpÊv ]dbm³ km²yaÃ.
am{Xm N ]n{Xm IrX]m]IàaWm þ
 [318]

(ImcWw,)amXm]nXm¡ÄsN¿p¶ ]m]IÀa§fpsS ^eambpw

_me{Kssl þ _me{Kl]oUIÄ (_memcnjvSXIÄ) sImpw
\miw Dss]Xn _meIx .þ Ip«n(t\ct¯) acn¨p t]msb¶p hcmw.

(4)
BtZy NXpjvtI P\\o IrXmssLÀþ
at²y N ]n{XmÀÖnX ]m]kwssLx(1)
_mekvXZ´ymkp NXpx icXvkp
kzIobtZmssjx kapss]Xn \miw.
(1) ]mTt`Zw: ]m]kwssJy, kwssK

Cu ]{´p hbÊnÂ
BtZy NXpjvtI P\\o IrX AssLx þ
BZys¯ \mep hbÊp hsc (1þ4) A½bpsS ]m]§fmepw
at²y N ]nXr BÀÖnX ]m]kwssLx þ
]n¶s¯ \mep hbÊv (4þ8) AÑsâ ]m]§fmepw
XXv A´ymkp NXpx icXvkp þ Ahkm\ \mep hÀjw (9þ12)
kzIobtZmssjx þ kzIÀ½tZmj¯mepw
_mex kapss]Xn \miw. þ Ip«n acn¨p t]msb¶p hcmw.
(5)
Xt±mjimss´y {]XnP· Xmcþ
amZzmZim_vZw P]tlma]qÀhw
BbpjvIcw IÀahn[mb XmtXm
_mew NnInÕmZn`ntch ct£Xv.
XXv tZmjimss´y þ A¯c¯nepÅ
tZmj§fpsSim´n¡mbns¡mv
BZzmZim_vZw þ ]{´v hbÊp XnIbp¶Xphsc
{]XnP· Xmcw þ FÃm ]nd¶mfn\pw
P]tlma]qÀhw þ P]tlma§tfmsS
BbpjvIcw IÀahn[mb þ ZoÀLmbpÊn\p thnbpÅ
IÀ½§ÄsNbvXpw
_mew NnInÕmZn`ntch þ _metcmK§Ä¡pÅNnInÕ \ÂInbpw
XmtXm ct£Xv þ Aѳ Ip«nsb (tZmj§fn \n¶pw)
c£n¡Ww.
(6)
AjvSu _memcnjvSamZu \cmWmw
 [319]

tbmKmcnjvSw {]mlpcmhnwiXnkymXv
AÂ]w NmZzm{XnwiXw a[yambpxþ
Ýmk]vXXymx ]qÀ®ambpx iXm´av.

AjvSu _memcnjvSw BZu \cmWmw þ

Ip«nIÄ¡v BZys¯ F«p hbÊphsc _memcnjvShpw (1þ8)
tbmKmcnjvSw {]mlpx BhnwiXn kymXv
Ccp]Xp hbÊphsc tbmKmcnjvShpw (9þ20)
AÂ]w Nm Zzm {XnwiXwþ ap¸¯ncp hbÊphsc AÂ]mbpÊpw(21þ32)
a[yambpx Bk]vXXymxþ Fgp]Xp hbÊphsc a[ymbpÊpw (32þ70)
]qÀ®w Bbpx iXm´x. þ \qdp hbÊphsc ]qÀ®mbpÊpw (71þ100)
BIp¶p.

(7)
\rWmw hÀjiXw lymbpkvXkvanwkvt{X[m hn`PytX
AÂ]w a²yw ZoÀLmambpcntXyXXv kÀhk½Xw

(Cu k{¼Zmb¯nÂ--)
\rWmw hÀjiXw ln Bbp þ a\pjyÀ¡v \qdphÀjamWv BbpÊv.
XkvXn³ t{X[m hn`PytXþ AXns\ aq¶mbn `mKn¨m --
AÂ]w a²yw ZoÀLmambpx CtXyXXv þ AÂ]w, a²yw, ZoÀLw F¶n§s\
aq¶p hn[w BbpjvIme§Ä In«pw.
kÀhk½Xw þ Cu hn`P\w kÀhk½XamIp¶p.

(8)
arXypx kym±n\arXypcpKznjLSoþ
Imte f Y Xnjym f w_pt`
XmXmw_m(1) kpXamXpem³ ]Zhimþ
²kvtX N l\ym¯Ym
aqeÀt£ ]nXramXrhwihnebw(2)
Xkym´y]mtZ {inbw
kÀt¸ hykvXanZw ^ew \ ip`kwþ
_Ôw hneáw bZn.
]mTt`Zw: (1) PmXmw_m (2) \nebw

Zn\arXyp cpKv hnjLSoImte þ

 [320]

Zn\arXyp, ZnhmtcmKw, hnjLSnI Chbn P\n¨mÂ

arXypx kymXv þ
acWamIp¶p. (Ip«n¡v BbpÊp Ipdbpw)

Xnjy, Aw_p...]ZhimXv ltkvXþ

]qbw, ]qcmSw, A¯w \mfpIfn P\n¨m ]mZ{Ia¯nÂ
XmX Aw_m kpX amXpem³
]nXmhv, amXmhv, PmXI³, amXpe³ Chsc
l\ym¯Ym þl\n¡pw

AÀ°w
Xnjyw, ]pjyw = ]qbw.
Aw_p`w þ Aw_p \£{Xw þ ]qcmSw.
lkvXw -= A¯w

\£{X]mZtZmj§Ä:
]mZw 1 2 3 4
]qbw PmXI³ amXmhv Aѳ A½mh³
]qcmSw amXmhv Aѳ A½mh³
PmXI³
A¯w Aѳ A½mh³* PmXI³ A½
* A¯w \£{X¯nsâ cmw]mZ¯n P\n¨m A½bv¡pw \memw ]
mZ¯n --P\n¨m A½mh\pw arXyp kw`hn¡pw.

aqeÀt£ ]nXr amXr hwihnebw Xkym´y]mtZ {inbw

aqew ]mZw 1 2 3 4
]nXm\miw amXm\miw hwi\miw sFizcyw
kÀt¸* hykvXanZw þ Bbney¯n -- CXn\p hn]coXw
Bbneyw ]mZw 1 2 3 4
sFizcyw hwi\miw amXm\miw ]nXm\miw
^ew \ ip`kw_Ôw hneáw bZn þ eáw ip`_Ôt¯mSp IqSnbncp¶m Cu
tZmj^e§Ä DmIpIbnÃ.
N{µ³ ip`{Klt¯mSpIqSn \n¶m Zn\arXyphn\pw
ZnhmtcmK¯n\pw ]cnlmcambn.
 [321]

2. N{µ³ ip`mwi¯n \n¡pItbm ip`{Kl§Ä N{µs\ t\m¡pItbm N{µ³

ip`{Kl§tfmSp tNcpItbm hymgw tI{µ {XntImW§fn \n¡pItbm
sNbvXm --hnjLSnIbv¡pw tZmjanÃ.

Zn\arXyp ZnhmtcmKw
\mÄ ]mZw \mÄ ]mZw
A¯w 1 AizXn 1
Ahn«w 1 Bbneyw 1
XncphmXnc 2 `cWn 2
hnimJw 2 aqew 2
Bbneyw 3 D{Xw 3
D{X«mXn 3 XncpthmWw 3
`cWn 4 aIbncw 4
aqew 4 tNmXn
4
ZnhmtcmK§fn AizXnþ1\p ]Icambn Nne {KÙ§fn D{X«mXn þ
1 ImWp¶pv.

3. hnjLSnI
Hmtcm \mfnepapÅ tZmjIcamb \mgnIIÄ (\mfpIÄ¡p
t\scImWn¨n«pÅ kabwapXÂ \mep \mgnI).

\mÄ hnjLSnI \mÄ hnjLSnI \mÄ hnjLSnI

AizXn 50 aIw 30 aqew 20
`cWn 24 ]qcw 40 ]qcmSw 24
ImÀ¯nI 30 D{Xw 18 D{XmSw 20
tcmlnWn 40 A¯w 22 XncpthmWw10
aIbncw 14 Nn{X 20 Ahn«w 10
XncphmXnc 11 tNmXn 14 NXbw 18
]pWÀXw 30 hnimJw14 ]qcqcp«mXn 16
]qbw 20 A\ngw10 D{X«mXn24
Bbneyw 32 Xrt¡« 14 tchXn 30

t]cp kqNn¸n¡p¶Xpt]mse Cu kab§sfÃmwXs¶ ip`Imcy §Ä¡p

hÀÖyamWv. Cu kab¯pÅ P\\w BbpÊn\pw tZmj IcamWv.
 [322]

(9)
]m]m]vtX£nXcminkÔnP\t\ ktZym hn\miw {[phw
KÞmt´ ]nXramXrlm iniparXnÀ PothZyZn £vam]Xnx
PmXxkÔnNXpjvStb f]yip`kwbptà£ntXkvYm\parXnÀþ
artXymÀ`mKKtX N kwkZn hn[u tIt{µ f jvSta hm arXnx.

]m] B]vX þ ]m]·mÀ \n¡p¶Xpw

Cu£nX þ t\m¡p¶Xpamb
cminkÔn P\t\ þ cminkÔnbn P\n¨mÂ
ktZym hn\miw {[phw - þ DS³ acWw Dd¸v.
KÞmt´ ]nXramXrlm iniparXn þKÞm´¯n P\n¨m ]nXmhn\pw
amXmhn\pw Ip«n¡pw \miw.
PothXv bZn £vam]Xnx þ Pohn¡p¶psh¦nÂ
cmPmhmIpw.
PmXx kÔn NXpjvStb A]n þ tI{µkÔnIfnse P\\¯n\v
Aip`kwbptà£ntX þ
Aip`·mcpsS tbmKZrjvSnIfps¦nÂ
kymXv arXnx þ acWapmIpw.--

cmin-kÔnIfpw \£{XkÔnIfpw
cmin-k-Ôn- * \£-{X- k-Ôn
IÀ¡Sw þ Nn§w B-bneyw þ aIw kÔn 120w
hrÝnIw þ [\p Xr-t¡« þ aq-ew 240w
ao\w taSw tc-hXn þ Aiz-Xn 360w
*cmin-IÄ tNcp-¶n-S-s¯Ãmw kÔn-bp-s¶pw A`n-{]m-b-ap-v.

KÞm´w
N{µ³ kÔn IS-¡p-t¼m-gmWv KÞm´w. KÞm´w aq¶p hn[-ap-v.:
cminK-Þm-´w, \£-{X-K-Þm-´w, XnYn-K-Þm-´w.

KÞm´ tZmjw:
GXp KÞm´¯n --P\n¨mepw P\\w kÔyIfnembm --P\n¨ Ip«n¡pw
cm{Xnbnembm --amXmhn\pw ]Iembm -- ]nXmhn\pw BWv
tZmjw _m[n ¡p¶Xv. þþ tPymXnj\nLÞp
 [323]

(10)
Nm{µw cq]w temIiptcm hcÚx
IptUy Nn{Xw `mKy temtI apJm\mw
tat\ cmPyw arXyp`mKmx {]ZnjvSm
tajmZo\mw hÀWkwssJyÀlnamwtimx

arXyp`mKIÄ (NµmÂ)
(IS]bmZn A£ckwJybnÂ) --
taSw CShw anYp\IÀ¡ Nn§w I¶n Xpe hrÝn [\p aIcw Ipw`w ao\w
Nm{µ cq]w temI ipc hc Ú IpUy Nn{X `mKy temtI apJm tat\ cmPyw
62 21 31 52 42 11 62 41 31 52 50 21
26 12 13 25 24 11 26 14 13 25 5
12
hÀWkwssJyx þ (Ch) A£ckwJybn --
tajmZo\mw þ taSw XpS§nb cminIfnse
lnamwtimx. þ N{µsâ
arXyp`mKmx {]ZnjvSm þ arXyp`mKIfmIp¶p.
N{µ³ Cu `mKIfn \n¡pt¼mÄ P\n¨m --BbpÊpmhnÃ.

(11)
Zm\w t[t\m cp{Z cu{Zo aptJ\
`mtKym `m\p tKm{XPmbm \tJ\
]p{Xo \nXyw arXyp `mKmx {ItaW
tajmZo\mw tXjp PmtXm KXmbpx.

arXyp`mKIÄ (eámÂ)
taSw CShw anYp\ IÀ¡ Nn§wI¶n Xpe hrÝn [\p aIcw Ipw`w ao\
Zm\w t[t\m cp{Z cu{Zn aptJ\`mtKym `m\p tKm{X Pb \tJ\ ]
p{Xo \nXy
80 90 22 22 52 41 40 32 81 20
12 01
8 9 22 22 25 14 4 23 18 2
21 10
tajmZo\mw {ItaWþ (Ch) {Ia¯n -- taSw XpS§nb cminIfpsS
arXyp `mKmx þ arXyp `mKIfmIp¶p.
 [324]

tXjp PmtXm KXmbpx.þ Cu cmin`mK§Ä DZn¡pt¼mÄ P\n¨mepw

BbpÊpmhnÃ.

(12)
ct{Ô tIt{µjp ]mss]cpZb\n[\ssKÀþ
hmY eámkvXtbmÀhm
etá f_vtP thm{Kat²y hybarXncn]ptK
ZpÀ_te ioX`m\u
£otWµu km ipt` hm X\paZKpcp[o-þ
`mPn c{ÔmkvXtKmss{KÀþ
arXypx kymZmip tIt{µ \ bZn (1) ip`JKmx
kZypXnx ho£Ww hm.
]mTt`Zw: X]kn þ H¼Xnepw
1.ct{Ô tIt{µjp ]mss] þ F«nepw tI{µ§fnepw ]m]·mÀ \n¡pI;
2DZb \n[\ssK þ eá¯nepw F«nepw ]m]·mÀ \n¡pI;
3 hm AY eá AkvXtbmxþ Asæn eá¯nepw Ggnepw
]m]·mÀ \n¡pI;
4etá A_vtP D{Kat²yþ eá¯ntâbpw N{µtâbpw
Ccphihpw ]m]À \n¡pI;
5 hybarXncn]ptK ZpÀ_te ioX`m\uþ ZpÀºe\mb N{µ³ 12þ8þ6
`mh§fn \n¡pI;
6 £otWµu þ £oWN{µ³
k Aipt` þ ]m]{Kl§tfmSpIqSn
X\p aZ Kpcp [o`mPn þ 1þ7þ9þ5 Cu `mh§fn \n¡pI;
7 c{Ô AkvXtKmss{Kx þ 8þ7 `mh§fn ]m]·mÀ \n¡pI;
arXyp kymXv Bip þþ ChsbÃmw inipacWw kqNn¸n¡p¶hbmWv.
F¶mÂþþ
tIt{µ bZn ip`JKmx þ tI{µ§§fn --(H¼Xnepw?) ip`{Kl§Ä
\n¡pItbm
2kZypXnx ho£Ww hm þ(eáw, N{µ³, ]m]{Klw Chbv¡p) ip`ZrjvSn D-
mhpItbm sNbvXmÂ-- þ C§s\ kw`hn¡pIbnÃ

.(13)
Pt·tim f Y hneát]m bZn `th±pkvtYm f_tem hÕsscþ
kvX{Zmin {]anssXÝ amcbXn X·msskÀZrKmWm[n]x
Awtitim ZnhsskkvXYm bZn arXnÀ Zzn{XymZntbmKm³ _lqþ
 [325]

\mtemNy {]htZXv kpXmjvSaKssXx ]mss]ccnjvSw intimx.

1Pt·i AY hneát]m þ N{µeám[n]³ / eám[n]³

bZn `thXv ZpØ A_e þ _elo\\mbn ZpØm\¯p(6--þ8-þ12)
\n¶mÂ
hÂksscXXv cmin {]anssXÝþ B ZpØm\cmin¡p Xpeyamb
hÕc¯n (hbÊnÂ) (taSw 1, CShw 2....F¶ þ{Ia¯nÂ)
amcbXn þ inip acn¡mw.
X·msskx ZrKmWm[n]x þ t{Z¡mWm[n]³ A{]Imcw \n¡pI
bmsW¦n B cmin¡p Xpeyamb
amk¯nepw
Awtitim Znhsskx XYm þ AwiI\mY³ A§s\bmsW¦nÂ
B cmin¡p Xpeyamb Znhk¯nepw
arXnx þ inip acn¡mw.

Zzn{XmZntbmKm³ _lq³ þ (Ip«nbpsS P\\¯nÂ) Cu tbmKw

ctm aqt¶m AXne[nItam ImWp¶psh¦nÂ
BtemNy {]htZXv þ AXn\\pkcn¨p Nn´n¨p ]dbWw.
kpX AjvSa KssXx ]mss]x AcnjvSw intimx.þ
A©nepw F«nepw ]m]·mÀ \n¶m Ip«n¡v AcnjvSapmIpw.

(14)
etátµmkvXZ[oitbmc]n antYm etáict{ÔitbmÀþ
t{Z¡mWmXv kz\hmwiImZ]n anY kvXZzmZimwimXv
{IamXv
BbpÀZoÀLkamÂ]Xmw Nc\KhywssKÝtc f YØntc
{_qbm±zµNcØnssXcp`bt`ZØmkv\p ZzntZlmSss\.

eáw, N{µ³ XpS§nbhbpsS NcþØncþD`b cminIfnse ØnXn A\pkcn¨v

ZoÀLþkaþAÂ] BbpÊpIÄ
etátµm -XZ[oitbmx A]n anYx eám[n]\pw N{µeám[n]\pw --
t{Z¡mWmXv kz\hmwiImXv t{Z¡mW¯nepw \hmwi¯nepw
etái ct{Ôitbmx eám[n]\pw AjvSam[n]\pw
XXv ZzmZimwimXv ZzmZimwi¯nepw (\n¶mÂ)
{IamXv {Ia¯nÂ
ZoÀL ka AÂ]Xmw Bbpx þ (1) ZoÀL (2) ka (3) A¸ BbpÊpIÄ
 [326]

Nc \K ... NcþØncþD`bcminIÄ¡\pkcn¨p ]dbWw.

Cu tÇmIw ZpÀ{KlambXn\memsW¶p tXm¶p¶p, CXnsâ

hymJym\w \mep ]pkvXI§fn \mepXc¯nemWv ImWp¶Xv. AhbnÂ
--s]mXphmbn ImWp¶Xv aq¶p \nba§fmWv:
eám[n]³ \nÂ--¡p¶ t{Z¡mWhpw N{µeám[n]³ \n¡p¶ t{Z¡mWhpw
X½nepÅ NcþØncþD`b _Ôw,
eám[n]³ \nÂ--¡p¶ \hmwihpw N{µeám[n]³ \nÂ--¡p¶ \hmwihpw
X½nepÅ NcþØncþD`b _Ôw,
eám[n]³ \nÂ--¡p¶ ZzmZimwihpw AjvSam[n]³ \nÂ--¡p¶
ZzmZimwihpw X½nepÅ NcþØncþD`b _Ôw.
CXp sh¨v, Hcp Ip«nbpsS BbpÊv ZoÀLtam, a²ytam, AÂ--¸tam
F--¶dnbp¶Xn\v Xmsg sImSp¯n«pÅ ]«nI D]tbmKn¡mw

eám[n]³ N{µeám[n]³ ^ew

\n¡p¶ \n¡p¶
t{Z¡mWw/ t{Z¡mWw/
\hmwiw \hmwiw
1. Ncw Ncw ZoÀLmbpÊv
Ncw Øncw a²ymbpÊv
Ncw D`bw AÂ]mbpÊv
2. Øncw D`b ZoÀLmbpÊv
Øncw Ncw a²ymbpÊv
Øncw Øncw Aev]mbpÊ
3. D`bw Øncw ZnÀLmbpÊv
D`bw D`bw a²ymbpÊv
D`bw Ncw Aev]mbpÊv

DZmlcWw (t{Z¡mWØnXn)
eát{Z¡mWw Ncw + N{µt{Z¡mWw Ncw =
ZoÀLmbpÊv
+ N{µt{Z¡mWw Øncw = a²ymbpÊv
+ N{µt{Z¡mWw D`bw = A¸mbpÊv
eát{Z¡mWw Øncw +N{µt{Z¡mWw D`bw =
ZoÀLmbpÊv
 [327]

+ N{µt{Z¡mWw Ncw =
a²ymbpÊv
+ N{µt{Z¡mWw Øncw = A¸mbpÊv
eát{Z¡mWw D`bw + N{µt{Z¡mWw Øncw =
ZoÀLmbpÊv
+ N{µt{Z¡mWw D`bw = a²ymbpÊv
+ N{µt{Z¡mWw Ncw =
A¸mbpÊv

(15)
eám[oiip`mx {IamZv _lpkamÂ]mbpjn tI{µmZnKmx
ct{Ôtim{KJKmkvXYm bZn KXm hykvXw hnZ[ypx ^ew
Pt·imjvSa\mYtbmcpZb]Ñnt{ZitbmÀssa{XntXm
`mkzÃá]tbmÝncmbpclntX f ev]mbpx kta a[yax.

1eám[oi ip`mx {IamZv þ eám[n]Xnbpwip`·mcpw {Ia¯nÂþ

tI{µmZnKmx þ tI{µw XpS§nbhbn \n¶mÂ
_lp ka AÂ]mbpjn tI{µmZnKmx þ
ZoÀLmbpÊv. (tI{µw),
a²ymbpÊv (]W]cw),
AÂ]mbpÊv (Bt]m¢naw)
ct{Ôtim D{KJKmx kvXZm bZn KXmw þ
AjvSam[n]Xnbpw ]m]{Kl§fpw A§ns\ \n¶mÂ
hykvXw hnZ[ypx ^ewþ ^ewadn¨mbncn¡pw. AXmbXvþþ
tI{µ¯n \n¶m AÂ]mbpÊ,v ]W]c¯n \n¶mÂ
a²ymbpÊv., Bt]m¢na¯nÂ\n¶m ZoÀLmbpÊv
Pt·i AjvSa\mYtbm þ
N{µeám[n]\pw AXnsâ AjvSam[n]\pw X½nepw
DZb] Ont{Zitbmx ssa{XntXm þ
DZbeám[n]\pw AXnsâ AjvSam[n]\pw X½nepw
`mkzXv eá]tbm þ chnbpw eám[n]\pw X½nepw
ssa{XnX .. Nncmbp þ kplr¯p¡fmbncp¶m ZoÀLmbpÊpw
ssa{XnX .. clntX þ i{Xp¡fmbncp¶m A¸mbpÊpw
ssa{XnX .. kta þ ka·mcmbncp¶m a²ymbpÊpw ^ew.

(16)
 [328]

eám[nt]m eá\hmwi\mbtIm
Pt·iztcm P·\hmwi\mbIm
kzkzmjvStaimZyXn tNZv _em\zntXm
ZoÀLmbpjkypÀhn]coXa\yYm..

eám[nt]m þ eám[n]³
eá\hmwi\mbtIm þ eá\hmwim[n]³
Pt·iztcm þ N{µeám[n]³
P·\hmwi\mbtIm þ N{µ\hmwim[n]³
kz kz AjvStaimXv bZn tNXv _em\zntXm þ
ChÀ¡v AhchcpsS AjvSam[n]t\¡mÄ _eaps¦nÂ
ZoÀLmbpjkypx þ ZoÀLmbpÊmbncn¡pw.
hn]coXa\yYm. þ _eansæn ^ew hn]coXw
(A¸mbpÊv).
(17)
etáizcmZXn_eo \n[t\iztcm f ku
tI{\ØntXm \n[\cnx^KssXÝ ]mss]x
XkymbpcÂ]aYhm bZn a[yambpþ
cpÕmlk¦ShimXv ]cambtcXn.

etáizcmZXn_eo \n[t\iztcmku þ
eám[n]t\¡mÄ _eapÅ AjvSam[n]³
tI{\ØntXm tI{µ¯n \n¡pIbpw
\n[\cnx^KssXÝ ]mss]xþ eá¯nsâ F«nepw ]{´nepw
]m]nIÄ \n¡pIbpw sNbvXmÂ
Xky Bbp AÂ]w þ Ah\v AÂ]mbpÊmbncn¡pw.
AYhm bZn a[yambp -þ C\n AYhm
a²ymbpÊmsW¦nepw
DÕml k¦S himXv ]cambptcXn. þ DÕmlw, k¦Sw F¶nh sImÃmsX
ZoÀLmbpÊpmIp¶XÃ.
Bbp-Êp-m-hm³ þ DÕmlw, k¦Sw þ ]e `mjIÄ {]Nmc¯neps-
¦nepw --thZ\n¡p¶ a\Ênsâ s]mÅp¶ `mjtb Cuizc\nse¯q. s]mÅp¶ Cu
`mj kwPmXamIm\pÅ GIamÀ¤w s\©pcp¡p¶ ZpcnXm\p`hamWv.
thZ\bptSXpam{Xamb Cu A\p`hw `ànt¡m Úm\¯nt\m
ImcWamImw. \Ã `àt\ \Ã Úm\nbmIm³ Ignbp. cpw AhbpsS ]
mcayXbn --Xncn¨dn hnse¯n¡pIbpw sN¿pw. DÕmlw ]
 [329]

cn{iaamWv; k¦Sw thZ\m \p`hhpw. at{´izc³ tPymXnj]ÞnX³

am{Xambncp¶nÃ, XnIª Hcp XXzÚm\n IqSnbmbncp¶psh¶Xn\p
thsd sXfnhpIÄ BhiyanÃ.

(18)
\tcm f Â]mbpÀtbmtK {]Ya`KtW \iyXn it\Àþ
ZznXotb a²ymbpcyZn `hXn ZoÀLmbpjn kXn
XrXotb \ncymWw kv^pSPi\nKpÀhÀI lnaKq³
Zimw `qànw IjvSma]n hZXp \nÝnXy kpaXnx.

\cx AÂ]mbpÀtbmtK þ AÂ--]mbpÀtbmK¯n -- P\n¨m --

it\x {]Ya`KtW \iyXn þ i\nbpsS BZy`KW¯n -- acn¡pw.
ZznXotb a²ymbp blnZn`hXn þ a²mbpÊmsW¦n cmas¯
`KW¯nepw
ZoÀLmbpjn XrXotb \ncymWw þ ZoÀLmbpÊmsW¦nÂ
aq¶mas¯ `KW¯nepw acn¡pw.

kv^pSP i\n Kpcp AÀ¡ lnaKq³þ

kv^pSam¡nb i\n, hymgw, chn, N{µ³ ChcpsS ZiIÄ IrXyam¡n
Zimw `qànw IjvSma]n hZXn \nÝnXy kpaXnx. þ IjvSamb Zitbbpw
`pàntbbpw Adnªn«p thWw ssZhÚ³ C{]Imcw BbpÀ \nÀ®bw \S¯m³.

`KWw ChnsS -- cminN{I¯neqsSbpÅ {Klk©mcamWv.

i\nbpsS `KWw GItZiw ap¸Xp hÀjw hcpw. P\\kab¯p \n¶nS¯p Xs¶
i\n BZyambn Xncns¨¯p¶XmWv BZy`KWw. F¶m D¯tc´y³
hymJym\ §Ä {]Imcw i\n, hymgw, chn, N{µ³ ChcpsS {Klkv^pS§Ä
Iq«n¡n«p¶ cminbmWv `KWw.

(19)
k]mt]m etátim chnlXcpNnÀ\oNcn]ptKm
bZm ZpkvYmt\jp ØnXnap]KtXm tKmNchimXv
X\u hm XtZymtKm bZn \n[\amlpkvX\`rXmw
\hmwimt{Z¡mWmÑnincIceámZ]n htZXv.

k]mt]m þ ]m]tbmKw
chnlXcpNn \oN cn]ptKm þ auVyw, \oNØnXn, i{Xpt£{XØnXn
 [330]

XpS§nb _e£b§fpÅ
etátim þ eám[n]Xn
bZm D]KtXm tKmNchimXv þ tKmNc¯nÂ
ZpkvYmt\jp ØnXnw .. ZpØm\w (6þ8þ12), eáw,
eá\hmwiw,
eát{Z¡mWw, N{µeáw Chbn --
\n[\amlp þ (k©cn¡pt¼mÄ) acWw kw`hn¡pw
(20)
iio XZmcqV{Klm[n]Ý
eám[n\mYÝ bZm {Xtbm f ao
KpWm[nImx kZv{KlZrjvSnbpàm
KpWm[nIw Xw IYb´n Imew.

iio XZmcqV{Klm[n]Ý eám[n\mYÝ bZm {Xtbmao þ (PmXI¯nÂ)

N{µ³, N{µeám[n]³, eám[n]³ F¶o ap¶p {Kl§Ä¡pw
KpWm[nImx þ (ØnXnbnÂ) KpWm[nIyhpw (_ehpw)
kZv{KlZrjvSnbpà þ kZv{Kl§fpsS ZrjvSnbpw Ds¦nÂ
KpWm[nIw Xw Ieb´n Imew. þ
AXv (B Ip«nbpsS BbpÊn\pw) KpWIcamIp¶p.

(21)
eám[nt]m f Xn_ehm\ipss`cZrjvSx
tI{µØnXx ip`JssKchtemIyam\x
arXypw hnlmb hnZ[mXn kpZoÀLambpx
kmÀ²w KpssWÀ_lp`ncqÀÖnXcmPe£vaym.

Aipss` AZrjvS þ ]m]ZrjvSn CÃmsX

tI{µØnX þ tI{µØnXntbmsS
ip`JssK AhtemIyam\mx þ ip`ZrjvSntbmsS \n¡p¶
eám[n] AXn_ehm³ þ _ehm\mb eám[n]³
arXypw hnlmb þ (AIme) acWs¯ AIän
KpssW_lp`n þ hfsc KpWm\p`h§tfmsS
DuÀPPnX cmPe£vaym. þ sFiycyt¯msS
hnZ[mXn k ZoÀLambpx þ ZoÀLmbpÊp \Â-Ip¶p.

(22)
 [331]

kÀhmXnim¿Xn_ex kv^pcZwipPmtem
etá ØnXx {]iatbXv kpccmPa{´o
GtIm _lq\n ZpcnXm\n kpZpkvXcmWn
`àym {]bpà Ch N{I[tc {]Wmax.

kÀhmXnimbn kpccmPa{´o þ kÀhmXnimbnbmb tZhKpcp

AXn_ex þ _ehm\mbn
kv^pZwipPmtem þ sXfnª civanItfmsS
etá ØnXx þ eá¯n \n¶mÂ
`àym {]bpà Ch N{I[c {]Wma þ N{I[c\mb almhnjvWphns\
{]Wan¡p¶Xv F{]Imcw ^e{]ZamtWm, A{]Imcw
GtIm _lq\n ZpcnXm\n -kpZpkvXcmWn þ
Häbmtbm Iq«amtbm hcp¶ ZpÀLS§fmb ZpcnX§sfsbÃmw
{]iatbXv þ ian¸n¡p¶p.

(23)
aqÀt¯kv{XntImWmKaItIjp
choµpPohÀ£\hmwikwØx
kpIÀ½Ir¶nXyatijtZmjm³
apjvWmXn hÀ²njvWpc\pjvWcivanx.

A\pjvWcivanx aqÀt¯ þ N{µ³ eámÂ

{XntImWm BKa ItIjp þ {XntImW§fntem (5, 9) ]Xns\m¶ntem (11),
tI{µ§fntem (1, 4, 7, 10),
cho Cµpp PohÀ£ \hmwikwØx þ chn, N{µ³, Kpcp ChcpsS
cminIÄ (Nn§w, IÀ¡SIw, [\p, ao\w) \hmwiamtbm \n¶mÂ
apjvWmXn hÀ[njvWp þ
tZmj§sf CÃmXm¡n kÂ^e§sf hÀ²n¸n¡pw.

(24)
tI{µ{XntImW\n[t\jp \ bky ]m]m
eKv\m[n]x kpcKpcpÝ NXpjvSbØu
`pàzm kpJm\n hnhn[m\n kp]pWyIÀam
Poth¨ hÕciXw k hnapàtcmKx.
 [332]

tI{µ {XntImW \n[t\jp \ bky ]m]m þ BcpsS PmXI¯nemtWm--

tI{µ§fnepw {XntImW§fnepw AjvSa¯nepw ]m]·mÀ CÃm¯Xv;
eám[n]x kpcKpcpÝ NXpjvSbØu þ (BcpsS PmXI¯nemtWm)
eám[n]\pw hymghpw tI{µ¯n \n¡p¶Xv;
kp]pWyIÀam þ (CXp cpapÅ) ]pWyhm\mb Ah³
`pàzm kpJm\n hnhn[m\n þ hfsc kpJ§sf A\p`hn¨v
hnapàtcmK BtcmKyhm\mbn
PothXv hÕciXw þ \qdp hÀjw Pohn¨ncn¡pw.

(25)
{io]XypZocnXZim`ncYmjvShÀ¤mþ
ZyXv ImeN{IZitbmUpZim{]ImcmXv
kayIv kv^pSm`nlXtbm {Inbbm]vXhmIymþ
cmbpÀ_pt[m hZXp `qcn]co£bm N.

{io]Xn DZocnX Zim`nx þ {io]Xnbm ]dbs¸«n«pÅ

ZiIÄ
AjvShÀ¤mXv þ AjvShÀ¤Zi
ImeN{IZi þ ImeN{IZi
DUpZim {]ImcmXv þ \£{XZi XpS§nb Zimk{¼Zmb§Ä
kayIv kv^pSm`nlXtbm {Inbbmþ kv^pS{Inb (BbpÀ¤WnXw)
B]vXhmIymXv þ (Cu hnjb¯nepÅ)
B]vXhmIy§Ä
XpS§nbhsbÃmw ]cnKWn¨pw
`qcn]co£bm þ hfsc {i²n¨pw
Bbpx _pt[m hZXp þ _p[·mÀ BbpÊp ]dbWw.


 [333]

A²ymbw 14
tcmKw, acWw, Ignª P·w, ASp¯ P·w
(1)
tcmKky Nn´ma]n tcmK`mhþ
ØnssXÀ{KsslÀhm hybarXypkwssØx
tcmtKizcmWma]n XZ\znssXÀhm
Zzn{XymZn kwhmZhimZv hZ´p.

tcmK`mhØnssXx {Ksslx þ Bdn \n¡p¶ {Klw

hybarXypkwssØx þ ]{´,v F«v `mh§fn \n¡p¶
{Kl§Ä
tcmtKizcmWma]n þ Bdmw`mhm[n]³
XZ\znssXÀhm þ Bdmw`mhm[n]t\mSpIqSn \n¡p¶
{Kl§Ä
tcmKky Nn´ma]n þ (Chscs¡mp thWw) tcmKNn´
sN¿m³.
Zzn{XymZn kwhmZhimZv hZ´p.þ CXn¯s¶ ctm aqt¶m AXnÂ
¡qSpXtem, tcmKkm²yX kqNn¸n¡p¶ {Kl§fps¦n B {Ia ¯nepw
--tcmKNn´ sN¿Ww.

A²ymbw 1, tÇmIw 13 {]Imcw tcmKØm\w Bdmw

`mhamWv. AX\pkcn¨v, Bdmw`mhm[n]³, Bdmw`mhm[n]sâ
IpsS \nÂ--¡p¶ {Kl§Ä, 6þ8þ12 Ifn \n¡p¶ {Kl§Ä F¶nh
tcmKImcWamImw. Htcm {Klhpw AhbpsS [À½a\pkcn¨pÅ
tcmKs¯bmWv kqNn¸n¡pI.
(2)
]nt¯mjvWPzcXm]tZlX]\m(1)]kvamclrXvt{ImUP
hym[o\zàn chnÀZrKmÀXycn`bw XzKvtZmjaØn{kpXnw
ImjvTmáykv{XhnjmÀ¯n ZmcX\bhym]¨Xpjv]mZv`bw
tNmc£vam]Xn[ÀatZh^W`rZv`qtXi`qXw (2) `bw.
]mTt`Zw: (1) tZl]X\w (2) `qXmZv `bw

tcmKw / ZpcnXw kqNn¸n¡p¶ {Klw kqcy³ BsW¦nÂ:--þþ

 [334]

]nt¯mjvWPzcXm]tZlX]\m(1)]kvamclrXvt{ImUPhym[o³..
]n¯w
DjvWw
Pzcw þ ]\n
Xm]w þ DjvWw
tZlX]\w -þ Np«p\oäw
(tZl]X\w þ icocw hogvN þ kµÀ`¯n\p tbmPn¡p¶nÃ.)
A]kvamcw
lrXvt{ImUPhym[ nþ lrt{ZmKw,s\©ptcmKw (t{ImUwþs\©v)
2. ZrKmÀXycn`bw XzKvtZmjaØn{kpXnw...
ZrKmÀ¯n þ t\{XtcmKw -
Acn`bw þ i{Xpieyw
XzKvtZmjw þ XzIv tcmKw
AØn{kpXnw þ AØn{{khWw þ AØn{kmhw
3.ImjvTmáykv{XhnjmÀ¯n ZmcX\bhym]¨Xpjv]mZv `bw
ImjvT Aán Akv{X hnj BÀ¯n...þ acs¡m¼v, Aán, Akv{Xw
(Bbp[w), hnjw
Zmc X\b hym]Xv NXpjv]mZv`bwþ `mcy, a¡Ä, \m¡menIÄ
4. tNmc£vam]Xn[ÀatZh^W`rZv`qtXi`qXw `bw.
tNmc £vam]Xn [ÀatZh ^W`rZv `qtXi`qXw... þ IÅ·mÀ, cmPmhv,
[À½-ssZhw, \mK-tZ-h-X, inh³ / inh-`q-X-§Ä apXembhcpsS
im]w /tIm]waqew tcmKw/ZpcnXw/`bw A\p`hn¡pw.

(3)
\n{ZmekyI^mXnkmc]nSImx ioXPzcw N{µamx
{irwKy_vPmlXnaánamµyacpNnw(1) tbmjnZvhyYmw
Imanemw
tNXx {im´nakrKznImcapZImÛoXn© _me{KlmZv
ZpÀKmIn¶c[ÀatZh^W`rZy£ym¨ `oXnw (2) htZXv.
]mTt`Zw: (1) IriXm. (2) ]oUmw

tcmKw / ZpcnXw kqNn¸n¡p¶ {Klw N{µ\msW¦nÂ:--þþ

\n{ZmekyI^mXnkmc]nSImx ioXPzcw N{µamx
\n{Z þ Dd¡kw_Ô-amb tcmK§Ä
Bekyw
 [335]

I^w
AXnkmcw -þ hb-dn-f¡w
]nSI þ ]cp, Ipcp
ioXPzcw þ Hcp Xcw ]\n

{irwKy_vPmlXnaánamµyacpNnw(1) tbmjnZvhyYmw Imanemw...

irwKn A_vPmlXn þ sIm¼pÅ arK§fpw PeP´p¡fpw aqew
Aánamµyw þ Zl\¡pdhv
AcpNn þ cpNnbnÃmbva
tbmjnZv hyYmw þ kv{Xo kw_-Ô-amb ZpJ-§Ä
Imane aª-¸n¯w

tNXx{im´nakrKznImcapZImÛoXn©_me{KlmZvtNXx {im´n þ
a\Ên\p / _p²n¡p amµyw
AkrIv hnImc þ cà-ZqjywsIm-pÅ tcmK-§Ä
DZ-ImXv `oXn þ Pe`bw -- -
_me{KlmXv þ _me{Klw aqew
ZpÀKm In¶c [ÀatZh ^W`rXv b£ymXv .... ZpÀ¤, In¶c³, [À½
ssZhw, \mK tZhX, b£³. apXembhcpsS im]w / tIm]waqew tcmKw /
ZpcnXw/ `bw A\p`hn¡pw.

(4)
XrjvWmkrt¡m]]n¯Pzca\ehnjmþ
kv{XmÀXn IpjvTm£ntcmKm³
Kpevam]kvamcaÖmhnlXn]cpjXmþ
]manIm tZl`wKm³
`q]mcnkvtX\]oUmwklPkpXkplrþ
ssZzcnbp²w hn[s¯
ct£mKÔÀhtLmc{Kl`bah\oþ
kq\pÀ²zmwKtcmKw.

3.tcmKw / ZpcnXw kqNn¸n¡p¶ {Klw IpP\msW¦nÂ:--þþ

XrjvWmkrt¡m]]n¯Pzc....
XrjvWm þ AXnZmlw
AkrIv tIm]w þ càtZmjw
]n¯Pzcw þ ]n¯-kw-_-Ô-amb ]\n
 [336]

A\e hnj Akv{X BÀ¯n þ Aán, hnjw, Akv{Xw

IpjvT A£ntcmKm³ þ IpjvTw, t\{XtcmKw,
Kpevam]kvamcaÖmhnlXn]cpjXmþ
Kpevaw þ Kp·³ (DZctcmKw)
A]kvamcw,
aÖmhnlXn þ aÖm\miw
]cpjXm þ amÀ±-h-an-Ãmbva
]manIm þ sNmdn, Nnc§v
tZl`wKw þ AwK-`wKw
`q]mcnkvtX\]oUmw...
`q]³ þ cmPmhv,
Acn þ i{Xp,
kvtX\ þ Xkv¡c³
klP kpX kplrXv sshcnbp²wþ
ktlmZc³, a¡Ä, kplr¯p¡Ä (_Ôp¡Ä)
ct£m KÔÀh tLmc{Kl.... þ c£Êv,KÔÀƳ,
tLmc{KlwDuÀ²zmwKtcmKw. þ intcmtcmK§Ä
apXembhcpsS im]w / tIm]w aqewtcmKw / ZpcnXw/ `bw
A\p`hn¡pw.

(5)
{`m´nw ZpÀhN\w ZrKmabKf{LmtWm°tcmKw Pzcw
]n¯tÇjvakaocPw hnja]n XzKvtZmj]mÞzmabm³
Zpxkv]v\w N hnNÀNnImán]Xt\(1) ]mcpjy_Ô{iam³
KÔÀh£nXnlÀayhmln`n-c]n (2) tÚm hàn ]oUmw {Ksslx.
]mTt`Zw:
(1) hnNˬnImw \n]X\w
(2) KÔÀh£nXnlÀayhmkn`n-c`ntÚm

4.tcmKw / ZpcnXw kqNn¸n¡p¶ {Klw _p[\msW¦nÂ:--þþ

{`m´nw ZpÀhN\w ZrKmabKf{LmtWm°tcmKw
{`m´nw þ am\-kn-I-hn-{`m´n
ZpÀhN\w þ ZpÀ`mjWw
ZrKmabw þ t\{X-tcmKw
Kf{LmtWm° tcmKw þ Igp¯n\pw aq¡n\pw tcmKw,
 [337]

Pzcw þ ]\n,
]n¯tÇjvakaocPw hnja]n XzKvtZmj]mÞzmabm³
]n¯tÇjvakaocPw = ]n¯þI^þhmX ({XntZmj) tcmK§Ä
hnjw,
XzKvtZmjw þ Xzt{KmKw,
]mÞzmabw þ ]mptcmKw
Zpxkv]v\w N hnNÀNnImán]Xt\]mcpjy_Ô{iam³
Zpxkz]v\w
hnNÀNnI þ sNmdn, Nnc§v,
Aán]X\w þ Aán_m[, s]mÅÂ
]mcpjyw
_Ô\w
{iaw þ A²zm\w,

KÔÀh£nXnlÀayhmkabp`nx tÚm hàn ]oUmw {Ksslx.

CXp icn¡p a\-Ên-em-bn-Ã. hymJym-\-§fnepw hyXym-k-ap-v.
`qan-bnepw amfn-I-I-fnepw hkn-¡p¶ {Kl-§-fpsS ]oU þþ sImÃw]Xn¸v.
`qan-bn-epÅ lÀay-§-fn ([-\n-I-cpsS henb amfn-I-I-fnÂ)
]mÀ¡p¶ In¶-c{Kl-§Ä _m[n-¡pI þ sImSp§ÃqÀ]Xn¸v.
(6)
Kp·m{´PzctimItamlI^Pt{im{XmÀXn talmabm³
tZhØm\\n[n{]]oU\alotZthiimt]mXv`hw
tcmKw In¶cb£tZh^W`rZznZym[cmZypÛhw
Pohx kqNbXn kzbw _p[KpcpXvIrjvSm (1) ]NmtcmÛhw.
(1) ]mTt`Zw: _p[Kpcp IrjvWm]Nm-tcm-Ûhw

5.tcmKw / ZpcnXw kqNn¸n¡p¶ {Klw KpcphmsW¦nÂ:--þþ

Kp·m{´PzctimItamlI^Pt{im{XmÀXn talmabm³
Kp·w þ KpÂaw þ ¹ol hepXmIÂ --
B{´w þ B{´tcmKw, B{´hmbp, B{´ho¡w
Pzcw,
timIw,
tamlw - þ tamlm-e-kyw (t_m-[-£-bw)
I^P þ I^P\y tcmK§Ä,
t{im{XmÀ¯n þ sNhn / tIÄhn kw_Ôamb tcmK§Ä,
talmabm þ {]talw
 [338]

tZhØm\\n[n{]]oU\alotZthiimt]mXv`hw...
tZhkz kw_-Ô-amb {_mÒWim]w-aqew

In¶c b£ tZh ^W`rXv hnZym[cmZn...þ

In¶c³, b£³, tZh³, kÀ¸w, hnZym[c·mÀ
_p[KpcpXvIrjvSm]Nmc..þ Úm\n-IÄ, Kpcp\mY-·mÀ, DXvIr-jvS-
cm-b-hÀ ({]m-b-¡q-Sp-X-ep-Å-hÀ) apXembhcpsS im]w / tIm]w
aqew tcmKw / ZpcnXw/ `bw A\p`hn¡pw.

.IrjvWm]Nm-tcm-Ûhw F¶ ]mT¯nsâ hymJym\w: _p[³ A\n-jvS-

Øm-\-Øn-X-\m-bmepw hymgw A\n-jvS-Ø-\m-bmepw IrjvWs\ BN-
cn-¡m-¯-Xn-\mtem hn]-co-X-ambn BN-cn-¨-Xn-\mtem DÅ tZmjw
tcmK-I-c-W-am-Ip-¶p-sh¶p ]d-b-Ww.

(7)
]mÞp tÇjvaacpXv{]tIm] \b\hym]Xv {]talmabm³
Kplymkymab aq{XIr{O aZ\hym]¯n ip¢{kpXnw
hmckv{XoIrX (1) tZlIm´nhnlXw timjmabw (2) tbmKn\oþ
b£oamXrKWmZv`bw {]nbkplrÛwKw knXx kqNtbXv
]mTt`Zw: (1) hmkkv{XoIrjn (2) tim^mabw

6.tcmKw / ZpcnXw kqNn¸n¡p¶ {Klw ip{I\msW¦nÂ:--þþ

]mÞp tÇjvaacpXv{]tIm] \b\hym]Xv {]talmabm³
]mÞp þ ]mptcmKw, hnfÀ¨
tÇjva acpXv {]tIm]w þ I^ hmX tZmj§Ä
\b\ hym]Xv þ t\{XtcmKw
{]talmabm³ þ {]talw
Kplymkymabaq{XIr{OaZhym]¯nip¢{kpXnw
Kply Bky Bab þ KplytcmK§fpw apJ-tcm-K-§fpw
aq{XIr{Ow þ aq{X-X-SÊw
aZ\hym]¯n þ ssewKn-I- {]iv\-§Ä
ip¢{kpXnw þ ip¢{kmhw
hmckv{XoIrXtZlIm´n hnlXw þ thiymkwkÀ¤w-aqew tZlIm´n
\jvSs¸SpI
timjmabw - þ saen¨nÂ, £b-tcmKw
tbmKn\o b£o amXrKWmZ`bwþtbmKn\n, b£n, amXrKW§Ä
 [339]

{]nb kplrÛwKw þ {]nbkplr¯nsâ \jvSw, acWw

apXembh aqew tcmKw / ZpcnXw/ `bw A\p`hn¡pw.

]mTt`Z§Ä:
(1) hmkkv{XoIrjn þ hkv{X-§Ä Iodntbm atäm \in-¡p-Itbm
ImWm-Xm-hp-Itbm sNbvI, `mcym-\m-iw, Irj-n\jvSw
(2) tim^mabw -þ icocw \ocph¶p hoÀ¡pI
þþ {Klhpw kµÀ`-hpambn Ch cpw H¯p-t]m-Ip-¶n-Ã.

(8)
hmXtÇjvahnImc ]mZhnlXn hym]¯n X{µo {iam³
{`m´nw Ip£ncpK´cpjvW `qXI²zwkw N ]izmlXnw
`mcym]p{Xhn]¯nawKhnlXnw lr¯m]aÀImßtPm
hr£miva£Xnaml IivaeKssWx ]oUmw ]nimNmZn`nx.

7.tcmKw / ZpcnXw kqNn¸n¡p¶ {Klw i\nbmsW¦nÂ:--þþ

hmXtÇjvahnImc]mZhnlXnhym]¯nX{µo{iam³
hmX þ tÇjva hnImc þ hmX I^ tcmK§Ä
]mZhnlXn þ ]mZ\jvSw (]wKp HmÀ¡p-I)
hym]¯n þ B]-¯p-IÄ, A]-I-S-§Ä
X{µo {iam³ þ Bekyw, A²zm\w

{`m´nw Ip£ncpK´cpjvW `qXI²zwkw N ]izmlXnw

{`m´nw þ hn{`m-´n, {`m´v,
Ip£ncpIv þ hb-dp-th-Z\
A´cpjvW þ DĨqSv
`qXI²zwkw þ `r-Xy-\miw
]izmlXnw þ ]ip\miw
`mcym]p{Xhn]¯nawKhnlXnw lr¯m]..
`mcym ]p{X hn]¯n þ `mcybv¡pw a¡Ä¡pw B]¯v
AwKhnlXnw þ AwK`wKw
lr¯m] þ at\mthZ\
hr£ Aiva £Xnw þ acw / IÃpsImp apdnhv
IivaeKssWx ]oUmw ]nimNmZn`nx.þ ZpjvSiànIfptSbpw ]nim-Np-¡-
fp-tSbpw ]oU, D]-{Zhw
(9)
 [340]

kzÀ`m\p lrZnXm] (1) IpjvThnjahym[o³ hnjw Ir{Xnaw

]mZmÀ¯nw N ]nimN]¶K`bw `mcymX\qPm]Zw
{_Ò£{X (2) hntcm[i{XpP`bw tIXpkvXp kwkqNtbXv
t{]tXm°© `bw hnjw N KpfntIm tZlmÀ¯n (1) amiuNPw.
]mTt`Zw: (1) X\pXm] (2) {_Ò-t£{X (3) kÀ¸mÀ¯n

8.tcmKw / ZpcnXw kqNn¸n¡p¶ {Klw cmlphmsW¦nÂ:--þþ

lrZnXm]IpjvThnjahym[o³ hnjw Ir{Xnaw
lrZnXm]w þ at\m-Zp-Jw, DÅn Xo
IpjvTw
hnjahym[o³ þ hn-ja (H¶p asäm-¶n\p hncp²amb) tcmK§Ä,
hnjw Ir{Xnaw þ kzm`m-hn-I-a-Ãm¯ hnjw
]mZmÀ¯nw N ]nimN]¶K`bw `mcymX\qPm]Zw
]mZmÀ¯nw þ ]mZtcmKw,
]nimN]¶K`bw þ ]nimNp`bw, kÀ¸`bw,
`mcymX\qPm]Zw þ `mcybv¡pw a¡Ä¡pw B]¯v
9.tcmKw / ZpcnXw kqNn¸n¡p¶ {Klw tIXphmsW¦nÂ:--þ
{_Ò£{Xhntcm[i{XpP`bw...
{_Ò£{Xhntcm[w þ {_mÒWcpw £{XnbcpambpÅ hntcm[w,
i{XpP`bw þ i{Xp¡fnÂ\n¶p-apÅ `bw
10.tcmKw / ZpcnXw kqNn¸n¡p¶ {Klw KpfnI\msW¦nÂ:--þ
t{]tXm°© `bw hnjw N tZlmÀ¯namiuNPw
t{]tXm°w þ t{]X_m[
hnjw þ hnj`bw,
tZlmÀ¯n þ tcmK-§Ä
BiuNPw þ ]pe / hmembva
(th--s¸-«-h-cmtcm acn-¡p-sa¶pw kqN-\.)

(10)
aµmcm\znXho£ntX hyb[t\
N{µmcpWu Nm£ncpIvþ
iucymbmwKnctkm bamcklnXm
ZrjvSm bZn t{im{XcpIv
tkmt{K ]©at` `thZpZccpþ
{K{Ômcn \mYm\zntX
 [341]

XZzÕ]vXass\[t\ kKpZcpIv
ipt{I f Y Kplymabw.

aµ Bc A\znX ho£ntX þ
i\n, IpP³ ChcpsS tbmKtam ZrjvSntbm DÅ
hyb [t\ þ ]{´ntem cntem \n¡p¶
N{µ AcpWu þ N{µkqcy·mÀ
A£ncpIv þ t\{XtcmKw (kq-Nn-¸n-¡p-¶p).

iucyw Bbw þ aq¶,v ]Xns\m¶v `mh§fn \n¡p¶

BwKnck þ hymg¯n\v
ba Bc klnXmZrjvSm þ i\nIpP·mcpsS tbmKtam ZrjvSntbm
Dm-bmÂ
t{im{XcpIv þ IÀ®tcmKw

tkmt{K ]©at` `thXv DZccpIv þ A©mw `mh¯n ]m]{Kl§Ä \n¶mÂ

DZctcmKapmIpw.
c{Ô Acn \mYm\zntX þ F«mw`mhm[n]\pw Bdmw`mhm[n]\pw
k]vXa ss\[t\ þ ({I-a-¯nÂ) Ggnepw F«nepw \n¶mÂ
KpZcpIv þ KpZtcmKw

k]vXa ss\[t\ ipt{Iyþ ip{I³ C{]-Imcw Ggntem F«ntem \n¶mÂ

Kplymabw þ Kply-tcm-Kw.

(11)
jjvtT f Àt¡ f ]yYhmjvSta Pzc`bw
`uta N tItXm {hWw
ipt{I KplycpPw £bw kpcKpcu
atµ N hmXmabw
cmlu `ua(1) \nco£ntX N ]nSImw
tkµu i\u KpevaPw
£otWµu Pet`jp ]m]klntX
XÕvtY f w_ptcmKw £bw.
(1) ]mTt`Zw: aµ\nco£ntX

jjvtT AYhm AjvSta þ Bdntem F«ntem

 [342]

1 AÀt¡ Pzc`bw þ kqcy³ \n¶m Pzc`bw.

2`uta N tItXm {hWw þ IpPt\m tIXpthm \n¶mÂ
{hWw
3ipt{I KplycpPw þ ip{I³ \n¶m KplytcmKw
4£bw kpcKpcu þ hymgw \n¶m £bw
5atµ hmXmabw þ i\n \n¶m hmXtcmKw
6cmlu `ua\nco£ntX ]nSImw þ IpPZrjvSntbmsS
cmlp \n¶mÂ
Ipcp¡Ä
7kCµu i\u KpevaPw þ N{µt\mSpIqsS i\n \n¶mÂ
Kpevaw
8£otWµu Pet`jp ]m]klntXþ £oWN{µ³ ]m]tcmSpIqsS
PecminIfn \n¶mÂ
Aw_ptcmKw £bw þ PetZmjw, £bw.

(12)
PmtXm KÑXn tb\ tI\ acWw
ht£y f Y XXvImcWw
c{ÔssØkvXZth£ssIÀ_ehXm
XtkymàtcmssKÀarXnx
c{ÔÀt£màcpPmYhm arXn]Xnþ
{]m]vXÀ£tZmtjW hm
ct{Ôti\ Jc{Xn`mK]Xn\m
arXypw htZ¶nÝnXw.

1c{ÔssØx F«n -- \n¡p¶ {Klw

XXv Ath£ssI þ F«ntebv¡p t\m¡p--¶ {Klw
_ehXm þ Chbn tZmj_ew
IqSpXepÅ{KltatXm
Xky Dà þ AXn\p ]d-ªn-«pÅ
tcmssK arXn þ tcmKw acWImcWamIpw.
2c{ÔÀ£ Dà cpP þ F«n\p ]dª tcmKw
AYhm þ AsÃ-¦nÂ
arXn]Xn {]m]vXÀ£ þ F«mw`mhm[n]³ \n¡p¶
cmin¡p (cm-iym-[n-]-\p)
tZmtjW hm þ ]dª tcmKw sImv (a-c-Ww)
 [343]

ct{Ôti\ þ F«mw `mhm[n]\p ]dª tcmKwsImtm

Jc{Xn`mK]Xn\m þ Ccp]¯ncmw t{Z¡mWm[n]\p
]dª tcmKwsImtm
arXypw htZXv \nÝnXw þ acWw \nÝn-X-am-sW¶p ]d-bWw

(13)
{KtlW bptà (1) \n[t\ XZpàþ
tcmssKÀarXnÀhmY XZo£Iky (2)
{KsslÀhnaptà \n[t\ f Y (3) Xky
cmtix kz`mthmZnXtZmjPmXm.
]mTt`Zw: (1) ZrjvtS (2) XZm{inXky (3) \n[t\izcky

\n[t\ þ F«mw `mh¯nÂ

-{KtlW bptàm þ {Klw \n¡p¶ps¦nÂ
XZpàtcmssKx arXnx þ B {Klw kqNn¸n¡p¶
tcmKwsImp acWw (kw`hn¡mw.)
F«n {Kl-§-fn-sÃ-¦nÂ--þþ
XXv Cu£Iky þ F«ntebv¡p t\m¡p¶ {Kl¯nsâ
(tcmKhpw acWImcWamImw.)
Cu ]d-ª -hn-[-¯n-epÅþþ
{Ksslx hnapssàx \n[t\ þ {Kl-km-¶n-²y-sam-¶p-an-sÃ-¦nÂ
Xky cmtix kz`mthmZnXtZmjPmXw. þ B cmin¡v (F-«mw-`m-h
amb cmin-¡v)]dªn«pÅ tZmj-§ÄsImp (acWw kw`-hn¡mw.)

(14)
AáypjvWPzc]n¯ikv{XPan\Ýt{µm hnjqNyw_pcpþ
Ky£vamZn £nXntPm f krPm N Zl\ £p{Zm`nNmcmbpss[x
]mÞzmZn {`aPw _pt[m Kpcpc\mbmtk\ arXypw I^mXv
kv{XokwtKm°cpPw IhnkvXp acpXm hm k¶n]mssXx i\nx.

(15)
IpjvtT\ hm Ir{Xna`£WmZzm
cmlpÀhnjmZzmY akqcnImssZyx
IpcymÑnJo ZpÀacWw \cmWmw
cnt]mÀhntcm[mZ]n IoSImssZyx
 [344]

acWw kqNn-¸n-¡p¶ {Klhpw ImcWamtb¡mhp¶ tcmKhpw

1Ct\m Aán DjvWPzc ]n¯ ikv{XPw þ
kqcy³ : Aán, DjvWPzcw, ]n¯w, Bbp[w

2Nt{µm hnjqNyw_pcpIv b£vamZn þ

N{µ³ : hnjqNnI (tImfd),\oÀt±mjw, £bw
3£nXntPm AkrPm N Zl\ £p{Zm`nNmcmbpss[x þ
IpP³ càtZmjw,Aán-_m[ / DjvWtcmKw, B`nNmcw, Bbp[w
4]mÞzmZn {`aPw _pt[m þ
_p[³ : ]mÞptcmKw, Nn¯{`aw
5Kpcp A\mbmtk\ arXypw, I^mXvþ
Kpcp : acWw {]bm-k-an-ÃmsX,
I^tZmjw
vv6kv{XokwtKm°cpPw IhnkvXp þ
ip{I³ : ssewKnI-_Ôw aqeapmb tcmKw
7acpXm hm k¶n]mssXx i\nx. þ
i\n : hmXtcmKw, k¶n]mXPzcw
8IpjvtT\ hm Ir{Xna `£WmZzmcmlp hnjmZzmY akqcnImssZyxþ
cmlp : IpjvTw, Ir{Xna`£Ww, hnjw, hkqcn.
9 IpcymXv inJo ZpÀacWw \cmWmw cnt]mÀhntcm[mZ]n
IoSImssZyxþ
tIXp: i{Xp¡Ä, IoS§Ä aqeapmIp¶ ZpÀ½cWw

(16)
eámZjvSacmti kz`mhtZmtjmZv`hw htZ·rXypw hnZymXv
\n[t\iky \hmwiØnXcmin \nan¯tZmjP\nXw hm.

eámXv AjvSacmti kz`mhtZmtjmZv`hw arXnwþ eám F«mw `mh-

¯nsâ kz`mhtZmja\pkcn¨v acWw hcmw.
\n[t\iky \hmwiØnXcmin \nan¯tZmjP\nXw hm þ AsænÂ
F«mw`mhm[n]sâ \hmwicminbpsS tZmjwsImpw BImw acWw.

(17)
ss]XyPztcmjvssWÖTcmán\mtP
hrtj {XntZmssjÀ±l\m¨ ikv{XmXv
 [345]

bptÜ Xp Imkizkt\mjvWiqsseþ
cp·mZhmXmcpNn`nx Ipfotc.
(18)
arKPzckvt^mSPi{XpPw lcu
kv{Xnbmw kv{XnbmKplycpPm {]]mX\mXv
Xpem[tc [oPzck¶n]mXPw
¹olmfn]mÞp{KlWocpPmfn\o.
(19)
hr£mw_pImjvTmbp[Pw lbmwtK
artKXp iqemcpNn[o{`amssZyx
Ipwt` Xp ImkPzcb£vatcmssKÀþ
Pte hn]Zzm PetcmKtXm f t´y.

acWImcWw cminsImp Nn´n¡pt¼mÄ

1ss]Xy Pzc DjvssW PTcmán\m --AtP
taSw : ]n¯tIm]w, ]\n, DjvWm[nIyw, PTcmántZmjw
.hrtj {XntZmssjx Zl\mx N ikv{XmXv
CShw : {XntZmjw, Aán, Bbp[w
3.bptÜ Xp Imkizk\ DjvW iqsse
anYp\w: Imkizmkw, DjvWtcmKw, iqe (DZm: DZ-c-iq-e þ
hbdpthZ\)
4.D·mZ hmX AcpNn`nx Ipfotc.
IÀ¡Sw: Nn¯{`aw, hmXw, AcpNn,
5.arK Pzc kvt^mSP i{XpPw lcu
Nn§w : arK`bw, Pzcw, Ipcp, i{Xp]oU
6.kv{XnbmKplycpPm {]]mX\mXv
I¶n : kv{Xo, KplytcmKw, hogvN
7. Xpem[tc [o Pzc k¶n]mXPw
Xpemw :_p²n{`aw, Pzcw, k¶n]mXw
8.¹olmfn]mÞp{KlWocpPmfn\o.
hrÝnIw: ¹olmtcmKw,]mÞp,KWn
9.hr£ Aw_p ImjvT Bbp[Pw lbmwtK
[\p : hr£w, Pew, hndIv , Bbp[w,
10 artKXp iqemcpNn[o{`amssZyx
aIcw : iqe, AcpNn, _p²n{`aw
11. Ipwt` Xp ImkPzcb£vatcmssKÀþ
 [346]

Ipw`w :Imkw, Pzcw, cmPb£mhv (£bw),

12. Pte hn]Zzm PetcmKtXm f t´y.
ao\w : Pew ImcWambpÅ hn]¯,v \oÀt±mj§Ä

(20)
]m]À£bptà \n[t\ k]mt]
ikv{Xm\ehym{L`pPwK]oUmw (1)

At\ym\yZrjvSu Zzyip`u ktI{µu

tIm]mXv {]t`m ikv{XhnjmánssPÀhm.
]mTt`Zw: `pPwKamssZy

]m]À£ bptà \n[t\ - - AjvS-a`mhw ]m]-{K-l-¯n-sâ

cmin-bm-hp-Ibpw (F«n ]m]{Kl§Ä \n¡pIbpw F¶pw ImWp-¶p)
k]mt] þ AjvSam[n]Xn ]m]cpsS IqsS \n¡p-Ibpw sNbvXmÂ
ikv{X A\e hym{L `pPwK ]oUmw þ
Bbp[§Ä, Aán, ISph, kÀ¸w ChbpsS ]oU aqehpw
At\ym\y ZrjvSu Zzb Aip`u ktI{µuþ þ
tI{µ§fn \n¡p¶(cp) ]m]·mÀ ]ckv]cwt\m¡pIbmsW¦n --
tIm]mXv {]t`m ikv{XhnjmánssPÀhm þ
{]`p(cm-P)tIm]w, Bbp[w, hnjw, Aán Chaqehpw (a-c-W-ap-m-
Ipw.)

(21)
kuaymwitI kuayKrtl f Y kuayþ
kw_ÔtK hm £bt` £tbti
At¢iPmXw acWw \cmWmw
hykvtX XZm {IqcarXnw hZ´n.

£bt` £tbti þ
]{´mw `mh¯n\v / ]{´mw`mhm[n]Xn¡v
kuayKrtl þ ip`{Kl-¯nsâ cmin-bn ØnXntbm
kuaymwitI þ ip`{Kl-¯nsâ cmin-bn \hmwitam
kuaykw_ÔtK hm þ ip`{Klhpambn _Ôtam Ds-¦nÂ
At¢iPmXw acWw \cmWmw þ t¢ianÃmsX acn¡pw.
 [347]

hykvtX XZm þ CXn\p hn]-co-X-am-bmÂ

{IqcarXnw hZ´n þ Zb\obamb acWw ]d-bp-¶p.

(22)
tkzmt¨ kzant{X kXn kuayhÀt¤
hybm[nt] tNmÀ²zKXnw kkutay
hn]cytb f t[mKXntah tINnþ
ZqÀ²zmky ioÀtjmZbcmint`ZmXv.

hybm[nt] þ ]{´mw `mhm[n]\v

tkzmt¨ þ D¨w,
kzant{X þ an{Xt£{Xw,
kuayhÀt¤ þ ip`hÀ¤w,
kkutay þ ip`{KltbmKw XpS-§nb _e-§-fp-s-¦nÂ
DuÀ²zKXnw þ DuÀ²zKXnbpw
hn]cytb þ CXn\p hn]coXambmÂ
(ip`¯n\p ]Icw ]m]ambmÂ)
At[mKXnw Ghþ At[mKXnbpambncn¡pw.
tINnXv DuÀ²zmky ioÀtjmZbcmint`ZmXv.
NneÀ DuÀ²zapJþ ioÀtjmZbmZn cminIsfs¡mpw
(A.1, tÇm.8) CXp Nn´n¡mdpv.
DuÀ²z-KXn þ DbÀ¶ P·w / kzÀ¤w.
At[mKXn - þ Xmgv¶ P·w / \cIw

(23)
ssIemkw chnioXKp `rKpkpX kzÀ¤w alotPm alow
sshIpWvTw iintPm btam ba]pcw kp{_ÒtemIw Kpcpx

Zzo]m³ ssZXyhcx (1) inJo Xp \ncbw kw{]m]tbXv {]mWn\mw

kw_ÔmZvhyb\mbIky IYtb¯{Xm´ycmiywiXx.
]mTt`Zw: t`mKnhc

acWm\´cKXn
kw_ÔmZv hyb\mbIky IYtbXv X{Xm´ycmiywiXx.þ (kqcy³ XpS-§nb
{Kl-§Ä¡v) ]{´-mw-`m-hm-[n-]-\p-ambn _Ôw Dm-hp-Itbm, (AhÀ) ]
 [348]

{´ mw`mh-amb cmin-bn Awin-¡p-Itbm (Ah-cpsS \-hmwiw hcn-

Itbm) sNbvXmÂ, acWtijwþþ {Klw temIw
ssIemkw chnioXKpþ kqcy³, N{µ³ ssIemkw
alotPm alow þ IpP³ `qan
sshIpWvTw iintPmþ _p[³ sshIpWvTw
kp{_ÒtemIwKpcpx þ hymgw
{_ÒtemIw
`rKpkpX kzÀ¤w þ ip{I³ kzÀ¤w
btam ba]pcw i\n batemIw
Zzo]m³ ssZXyhcx þ cmlp Zzo]pIÄ
inJo Xp \ncbw þ tIXp \cIw
(F¶o temI-§fnÂ)
kw{]m]tbXv {]mWn\mwþ {]mWn-IÄ (a-\p-jyÀ) F¯p-¶p.

Ignª P·-¯nse / hcpw P·-¯nse

Imcy-§Ä Adn-bp-hm³

(24)
[Àt½iztcssWh ln ]qÀhP·þ
hr¯w `hnjyÖ\\w kptXimXv
XZoiPmXnw XZ[njvTnXÀ£þ
Zrim ln Xss{Xh XZoitZiw.

[Àt½iztcssWh ]qÀhP·hr¯wþ H¼Xmw`mhm[n]s\ s¡mv Ignª P·¯nse

Imcy§Ä ]-d-b-Ww;
`hnjyÖ\\w kptXimXv þ ASp¯ P·¯nse Imcy§Ä
A©mw`mhm[n]s\s¡mpw ]-d-b-Ww.
XZoiPmXnw þ B `mhm-[n-]sâ PmXn-sh¨v PmXn ]d-b-Ww.
(H¼Xmw `mhm[n]s\s¡mv IgnªP·¯nse PmXnbpw
A©mw`mhm[n]s\s¡mv hcpw P·¯nse PmXn-bpw ]d-b-Ww.)
XZ[njvTnX EÀ£ Zri ln Xss{Xh XZoitZiw.þ B {Klw (9/5 `mhm-[n-]-
Xn) \n¡p¶ cminbpsS tZi-tam,AXns\ t\m¡p¶ {Kl¯nsâ cmin-bpsS
tZitam sh¨v Øew ]dbWw.

(25)
tkzmt¨ bZoti kXn tZh`qanw
 [349]

Zzo]m´cw \oNcn]pKrltØ
kzÀt£ kplrZvt` kat` ØntX hm
kw{]m]v\pbmXv `mcXhÀjtah.

tkzmt¨ bZoti kXn tZh`qanw þ B {Klw (9/5 `mhm-[n-]³)

D¨¯nemWv \n¡p¶sX¦n --tZh`qan (kzÀ¤w)
Zzo (-Zo) ]m´cw \oNcn]pKrltØ þ\oN¯ntem i{Xpcminbntem
BWv \n¡p¶-sX-¦n Zo]m´cw
kzÀt£ kplrZvt` kat` ØntX hm kw{]m]v\pbmXv `mcXhÀjtah. þ B
`mhm-[n-]³ (9/5 `mhm-[n-]³) kzt£{Xw, an{Xt£{Xw, kat£{Xw
Chbnsem¶n-emWp \n¡p-¶sX¦n `mcXhÀjw (]p-Wy-`q-an)

Ccp-]-¯n-\memw tÇmIwapX hÀ¯-am\P·-¯n\v ]n¼pw

ap¼pw DÅ P·-§-fnse Imcy-§Ä ({]-[m-\-ambpw ASp¯ P·-¯nse hnti-
j-§Ä) Is-¯m-\pÅ amÀ¤§-fmWp ]d-bp-¶-Xv. B tÇmI-¯n XZoi /
XZ-[n-jvTnX F¶pw Cu tÇm-I-¯n bZoti F¶pw ]d-bp-¶Xv 5þ9
`mhm-[n-]-sc-¡p-dn-¨m-sW¶ Imcyw hyà-hp-am-Wv. F¶m Cu
tÇmI-¯nepw 27, 28, 29 tÇmI-§-fnepw ]d-bp¶Xv GXp {Kl-s¯-¡p-
dn-¨mWv F¶ Imcy-¯n A`n-{]mbhyXymkhpw ImWp¶pv. Cw¥ojv
hymJym-\-§-Ä {]Imcw AXv 5þ9 `mhm-[n-]-cm-Wv; F¶mÂ
sImSp§ÃqÀ ]Xn¸\pkcn-¨v -AXp ]{´mw `mhm-[n-]-\pw.
sImÃw]Xn¸n Ccp-]-¯n-b©mw tÇmI-¯nsâ hymJym-\-¯n ’]{´-
mw `mhm-[n]³’ F¶p ]d-bp-¶p-s-¦nepw ]n¶o-SpÅ tÇmI-§-fpsS
hymJym-\-¯n ’B A[n-]³’ Ft¶ ]d-bp-¶p-Åq.) BZyw ]d-ª- (5/9
`mhm-[n-]³) BWv kµÀ`-¯n\pw bpàn¡pw tNcpI F¶p tXm¶p-¶Xp-
sImv B ho£-W-KXn A\p-kcn¨mWv ChnsS AÀ°w sImSp-¡p-¶-Xv.

(26)
BcymhÀ¯w Kojv]tXx ]pWy\Zyx
ImthytµmÝ Úky ]pWyØem\n
]wtKmÀ\nµym t¾Ñ`qkvXo£`mt\m
ssiemcWyw IoISw `qanPky.

BcymhÀ¯w Kojv]tXx þ (B 5/9 `mhm-[n-]³) hymgamsW¦nÂ

BcymhÀ¯hpw
]pWy\Zyx ImthytµmÝþ ip{I³, N{µ³ ChÀ¡v ]pWy-XoÀ°-
 [350]

§fpw
Úky ]pWyØem\n _p[\v ]pWy-Ø-e-§fpw
]wtKmÀ\nµym þ i\n¡p \nµy-amb Øe-§fpw
t¾Ñ`qx Xo£vW`mt\m þ kqcy\p t¾Ñamb Øe-§fpw
ssiemcWyw IoISw `qanPky.þ IpP\p ae, ImSv, IoISw F¶n-h-bpw
(]-d-b-Ww.)
*IoIS = Zcn-{Z-am-b, IoISw þ aK-[-¯nsâ Z£n-W-`mKw (i-_vZ-Xm-cm-h-en)
(27)
Øntc Øncmwim[nKXx k]m]x
]rjvtTmZtb f t[mapJt` N kwØx
XZoiztcm hr£eXmZnP·
kymZ\yYm PohbpXx icocn.

XZoiztcm þ B `mh-\m-Y³
Øntc Øncmwim[nKXx þ Ønccminbntem / Ønc\hmw-i-
¯ntem
]rjvtTmZb At[mapJt` Nþ ]rjvtTmZbcmin-bntem /
At[mapJcmintem
k]m]x þ ]m]sâ IqsS
kwØx þ \n¡p-¶psh¦n (1+2+3)
(I-gnª P·w / ASp-¯- P-·w)
hr£eXmZnP· þ hr£w, eX XpS§nbhbmbncn¡pw.
kymXv A\yYm þ adn¨msW¦nÂ
(Ncw/ioÀtjm-Zbw/DuÀ²z-apJ/ip`)
PohbpXx icocn. þ ssNX-\y-apÅ Pohnbmbncn¡pw.
(28)
etáinXpx tkzm¨kplrÕztKtl
XZoiztcm bmXn a\pjyP· þ
kta arKmx kypÀhnlKmx ]ckvan³
t{Z¡mWcqss]c]n Nn´\obw.

XZoiztcm...etáinXpx * þ B (5/9) `mhm[n]³

tkzm¨kplrÕztKtl -þ eám-[n-]sâ D¨cminbntem
kz£{X¯ntem an{Xt£{X
¯ntem \n¡p¶psh¦nÂ
bmXn a\pjyP· þ AXp a\pjyP·w Bbn-cn-¡pw.
 [351]

kta arKmx þ kat£{X¯n -- arKP·hpw

]ckvan³ þ aäpÅhbnÂ]£nP·hpwBbncn¡pw
t{Z¡mWcqss]c]n Nn´\obw þ t{Z¡mWcq]wsImpw C§ns\
Nn´n¡mw.
(29)
XmthIcmiu P\\w kztZti
Xu Xpeyhocyu bZn Xpey PmXnx
hÀt®m KpWkvXky JKky Xpeyx
kwtÚmZnssXtch htZÕakvXw.

XmthIcmiu P\\w kztZtiþ

AhÀ cpt]cpw (A-©mw-`m-hm-[n-]\pw H¼Xmw`mhm-
[n-]\pw)* \n¡p-¶Xv Htc cminbnemsW-¦n P\\w
kztZi¯pXs¶bmbn-cn-¡pw.(* ]{´mw `mhm-[n-]\pw eám-[n-]\pw F¶p
sImSp§ÃpÀ]Xn¸v.)
Xu Xpeyhocyu bZn Xpey PmXnx
-AhÀ¡p Xpey_eamsW¦n XpeyPmXnbn¯s¶ P\n¡pw.
hÀ® KpW Xky JKky Xpeyxþ hÀ®hpw KpWhpw B {Kl¯nsâ
hÀ®þKpW§Ä¡p Xpey-am-bn-cn-¡pw.
kwtÚmZnssXtch htZÕakvXw.þ(C-§s\) kwÚIfnÂ
(cmin-`m-h-kwÚm þ A²ymbw 1, {KlkwÚm þ A²ymbw 2)
]dªn«pÅ Imcy-§sf-Ãmw-Xs¶ ka-\z-bn-¸n-¨p- ^ew ]d-bWw.


A²ymbw 15 þ `mh-Nn-´m-hn[n
(1)
`mhm-x kÀth ip`-]-Xn-bpXm ho£nXm hm ipt`ssix
X¯Zv `mhmx k--I-e-^-eZmx ]m]-Zr-tKym-K-lo\mx
 [352]

]m]mx kÀth `h-\-]-X-b-tÝ-Zn-lm-lp-kvX-ssYh

tJssS-x kÀssh-Èp-`-^-e-anZw \oN-aq-Vmcn loss\x.

ip` þ ip`-{Klw,
]-Xn þ `mhm-[n-]Xn,
hm þ AsÃ-¦nÂ
ipt`ssix þ ip`-`m-hm-[n-]Xn-
bpXm þ \n¡p-¶Xpw
ho£nXm þ ZrjvSn-sN-¿p-¶Xpw Bbhbpw
]m]Zr-Iv -tbm-Klo\m þ ]m]-{K-l-¯nsâ ZrjvSn, tbm-Kw
(Øn-Xn) Ch CÃm¯hbpw Bb
`mhmx kÀth k-I-e-^-eZmxþ kÀh`m-h-§fpw kIe (ip`)
^e-§fpw Xcp-¶p.-

]m]m-x kÀth þ ]m]-·mÀ

`h-\-]-XbtÝZn XssYh þ `mhm[n]cmIpt¼mgpw A§n-s\-¯s¶.
`mhm-[n-]Xn ]m]-{K-l-am-sW-¦nepw Cu \nbaw _m[-I-am-Wv.
`mhm-[n-]-\mb ]m]sâ ZrjvSn-tbm-K-§Ä `mh-¯n\p tZmj-I-c-a-Ã;.
`mhm-[n-]_Ôw `mh-¯n\p KpWta sN¿q F¶p XmÂ]-cyw.

tJssS-x kÀssh þ(1, 2 {]-Imcw ^e-{]-Z-§-fmb `mh-§-fp

ambn _Ô-s¸«) FÃm {Kl-§fpw
\oN- aq-V Acn loss\x þ \oNw, auVyw, i{Xp-t£-{X-ØnXn
Ch
CsÃ-¦nÂ
ip`-^-e-anZw þ ip`-^-ew \ÂIpw

(2)
.X¯Ûm-h-{Xn-tImtW kzkp-J-a-Z-\t`
Nmkv]tZ kuay-bptà
]m]m\mw ZrjvSn-lot\ `h-\-]-k-lnssXx
]m]-tJ-ssS-c-bptà
`mhm\mw ]pjvSn-am-lp-x k-I-e-ip-`-I-coþ
a\yYm tNXv {]Wmiw
an{iw anss{iÀ{K-tl-ss{µ-Ê-I-e-a]n XYm
aqÀ¯n-`m-hm-[n-Im-\mw.
 [353]

Hmtcm PmX-I-¯nepw `mh-§Ä¡p {Kl-§-fp-ambn hcp¶ _Ôw `mh-^-

es¯ F§ns\ kzm[o-\n-¡p-sa-¶mWv Ignª tÇmI-¯n ]d-ª-Xv. t\cn«
_Ôw-am-{X-a-Ã, `mh-§-fpsS tI{µ§fnepw
{XntImW§fnepw \n¡p¶ {Kl-§fpw `mh-^-es¯ _m[n-¡p-sa¶v Cu
tÇmI-¯n hyà-am-¡p-¶p.

X¯Ûm-h þ AXmXp `mh-¯nsâ -

{Xn-tImtW þ {XntIm-W-¯nepw (5,9)
kzkp-J-a-Z-\t` Nmkv]tZþkz (2), kpJ (4), aZ\ (7), Bkv]Z (10)
`mh-§-fnepw
kuay-bptà þ ip`-·mÀ \n¡pI
]m]m\mw ZrjvSn-lot\ þ ]m]-Zr-jvSn-bn-Ãm-Xn-cn-¡pI
`h-\-]-k-lnssXx þ `mhm-[n-]ØnXn Dm-hpI
]m]-tJ-ssS- Abptà þ ]m]-{K-l-§Ä CÃm-Xn-cn-¡pI
k-I-e-ip-`-I-co þ C§s\ kI-ew -ip-`-I-c-ambmÂ
`mhm\mw ]pjvSn-am-lp- þ `mh-]pjvSn ]d-bWw
A\yYm tNXv {]Wmiw þ A§ns\ AsÃ-¦n `mh-\miw.
an{iw anss{i þ an{i-am-sW-¦n an{i^ew.
aqÀ¯n-`m-hm-[n-Im-\mw þ eáw apX-emb `mh-§sf
{K-tl-ss{µx -k-I-e-a]n XYmþ(C§s\bpw){Kl-§-fp-ambn tNÀ¯p
Nn-´n-¡-Ww.

(3)
\mi-Øm-\-KtXm Znhm-I-c-I-sscÀþ
ep_v[kvXp bÛm-ht]m
\oNm-cm-Xn-Krlw KtXm bZn `thXv
kussay-c-bp-tà-£nXx
XÛm-hky hn\m-i\w hnX-\ptX
XmZr-Kzn [m-t\ym f kvXn-tNþ
¯Ûmthf ]n ^e-{]tZm \ln (1) ip`þ
tݶmi-ap-{K-{K-lx.
v (1) ]mT-t`Zw : \ ln
 [354]

Hcp PmX-I-¯nse ØnXn-sImv `mh-\m-Y-\mb {Kl-¯n\p hcp¶

_ehpw _e-¡p-dhpw `mhs¯ F§ns\ _m[n-¡p-sa-¶mWv Cu tÇmI-¯n ]
d-bp-¶-Xv.
Hcp `mh-\m-Y\v
1.\mi-Øm-\-KtXm þ \mi-Øm-\¯n (8-þÂ) ØnXn
Znhm-I-c-I-sscx ep_v[kvXp þ kqcy-c-ivan-I-sf-s¡mvad-hv(au-
Vy-w)
\oNm-cm-Xn-Krlw þ \oN¯ntem i{Xp-cm-in-bntem
ØnXn
kussay-x Abp-à Cu-£nXx þ kuay-{K-l-§-fpsS tbmK-Zr-jvSn-I-
fn-
ÃmXn-cn-¡pI (C§ns\ h¶mÂ)
XÛm-hky hn\m-i\w hnX-\ptX þ B (`mh-\mYsâ) `mh-¯n\p \miw
kw`-hn¡p¶p.
XmZr-Kznt[m At\ymkvXn -tN¯Ûmth A]n ^e-{]tZm þ
t\scadn-¨m-sW-¦n ^ehpw adn-¨m-bn-cn-¡pw. (ip-`-am-bn-cn¡pw.)
\ln ( \ ln) ip`tÝXv \mi-w D-{K-{K-lx. þ
ip`\msW-¦n ]m]-sâ A{X tZmjw sN¿pIbn-Ã.*

*sImÃw]Xn¸pam{Xta Cu AÀ°hpambn tbmPn¡pp¶pÅp.

(I]qdn sâ hymJym-\-¯n\p hyàX Ipd-hm-Wv. aäp cp hymJym-\-§fpw
C¡m-cy-¯n \nÈ-_vZhp-am-Wv.) AsX-´m-bm-epw, ]m]-·mcpw
ZpØm-\-§-fp-am-bpÅ _Ôw, ip`-·mcpw ZpØm-\-§-fp-am-bpÅ _Ô
t¯¡mÄ tZmj-I-c-am-sW¶v tÇmIw 19þ hyà-am¡p-¶p-v.

(4)
eám-Zn-`mhm{Zn]p-c-{Ô-cnxt^
]m]-{K-lm-kvXZv`--h-\m-Zn-\miw
kuaymkvXp \mXy-´-^-e-{]Zmx kyqÀþ
`mhm-[n-Im\mw ^e-ta-h-am-lpx.

eám-Zn-`mhmXv þ eáw XpS-§nb `mh-§-fnÂ\n¶v

cn]p-c-{Ô-cnxt^ þ 6þ8-þ12 `mh-§-fnÂ
]m]-{K-lmXv - þ ]m-]-·mÀ \n¶mÂ
-X-Xv `-h-\m-Zn-\miw þ B `mh-¯n\p \miw D-m-Ip-¶p.
kuaymkvXp þ ip-`{K-l§fm-Is«
 [355]

\mXy-´-^-e-{]Zmx kyq þ (A-hn-sS) A[nIw -^-e-{]Zcpa-Ã.

`mhm-[n-Im\mw þ `mh-§-fpsS
^e-ta-h-am-lpx þ ^ew C{]-Imcw ]d-b-Ww.
(tÇmIw 19 IqSn ImWpI).

(5)
bÛm-h-\mtYm cn]p-c-{Ô-cnxt^
ZpxØm-\t]m bÛ-h-\-ØntXm hm
XÛm-h-\miw IY-b´n XÚmx
ipt`-£n-X-kvX-Zv`-h-\ky kuJyw.

bÛm-h-\mtYm þ bmsXmcp `mh-\m-Y³

cn]p-c-{Ô-cnxt^ þ 6þ8-þ12 `mh-§-fn \n¡p¶pthm
hm þ AsÃ-¦nÂ
ZpxØm-\t]m þ ZpxØm-\ (6-þ8-þ12) \mY-·mÀ
bÛ-h-\-ØntXm þ bmsXmcp `mh-¯n \n¡p-¶pthm
XÛm-h-\miw þ B `mh-¯n\p \miw
IY-b´n þ ]d-bp-¶p.
ipt`-£n-X- þ ip`-Zr-jvSn-bp-Å
X-Û-h-\ky þ `mh-¯n\p
kuJyw þ kuJyw Dm-Ip-¶p.
Hcp `mh-¯n\p ip`-Zr-jvSnbp-s-¦n AXv AXnsâ ZpØm-\-_-Ô-¯n\p ]
cn-lm-c-am-Ip-sa¶p-am-{X-aÃ, ip`-I-c-hp-amIpw F¶p kqN-\.

(6)
`mhm-[oti N `mth kXn _e-c-lntX
N {Ktl Imc-ImtJy
]m]m-´tØ N ]mss]-c-cn-`n-c]n ktaþ
tXjn-tX \m\ytJssSx
]mss]-kvX-Zv_-Ôp-ar-Xyp-hy-b-`-h-\-K-ssXþ
kvX{Xn-tIm-W-Øn-ssXÀhm
hmNym XÛm-h-lm\nx kv^pS-an-l- `-hXn
Zzn{Xn-kw-hm-Z-`m-hmXv.

`mhm-[oti N `mth Imc-ImtJy þ

`mhm-[oi\pw `mh-¯n\pw Imc-I{Kl-¯n\pw
 [356]

1. _e-c-lntX N þ _e-an-Ãm-Xn-cn-¡p-I,
2. ]m]m-´tØ þ ]m]-a-²y-Øn-Xn,
3. ]mss]-x A-cn-`nx þ ]m]-·m-cp-sStbm i{Xp-¡-fp-sStbm
ktatX Cujn-tX þ tbmKtam ZrjvSntbm Dm-hp-I,
5. A\y tJssSx þ aäpÅ {Kl-§-fpsS (ip`-cpsStbm
an{X-§-fp- sStbm) tbmKtam ZrjvSntbm CÃm-Xn-cn-¡p-I
v6. ]mss] -þ ]m]-·mÀ
XXv _-Ôp- ar-Xyp- hy-b -`-h-\-K-ssX þ AXnsâ 4, 8, 12
`mh-§fn \n¡pI,
7. XXv {Xn-tIm-W-Øn-ssXx hm þ AsÃ-¦n AXnsâ 5, 9 `mh-
§-fn \n¡pI,
hmNym XÛm-h-lm\nxþ (Ch-sbÃmw) B `mhs¯ l\n-¡p¶Xmbn ]d-b-
s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p

l\n-¡pI F¶Xn\v ChnsS tZmj-I-camWv F¶ AÀ°w FSp-¯m aXn.

ImcWw Cu tZmj-§Ä Hmtcm¶pw Htcm Xc-¯-nemWv Hcp `mhs¯
_m[n-¡p-I. `mh-\m-Ysâ an{X-i-{Xp-¡Ä Xs¶-bmWv `mh-¯nsâ
an{X-i-{X-¡fpw.

Zzn {Xn kw-hm-Z-`m-hm-Xv kv^pS-anl `hXn þ ta¸-dª cp aq¶p

Imcy-§Ä H¯p-h-¶m `mh-\miw (tZm-j-^-ew) Dd-¸m-Wv.

(7)
X¯Zv `m--h-]-cm-`-th-iz-c-J-c-t{Z-¡m-W]m ZpÀ_em
`mhm-cy-jvS-a-Im-aKm \nP-Z-imbmw `mh-\m-i-{]Zmx
]m]m `mh-Kr-lmXv {Xni-{Xp-`-hKmx tI{µ-{Xn-tIm-tW
-ip`m
hocymVyx Jep `mh-\m-Y-kp-lrtZm `mhky kn²n-{]Zmx.

X¯-Ûm-h þ Hcp `mh-¯nsâ

-1.]-cm-`-th-iz-c þ AjvS-am-[n-]\pw
-J-c-t{Z-¡m-W]m þ 22-þmw t{Z-¡m-Wm[n]\pw
ZpÀ_em þ ZpÀºe-cm-bn
`mhmXv Acn AjvSa ImaKm þ B `mh-¯nsâ 6-, 8, 7 cminIfnÂ
\n¶mÂ
\nP-Z-imbmw þ Ah-cpsS Zi-bnÂ
 [357]

`mh-\m-i-{]Zmx þ B `mh¯n\p -tZmjw sN¿p-w.

]m]m `mh-Kr-lmXv {Xni-{Xp-`-hKmxþ
`mh-¯nÂ\n¶v 3, 6, 11 cmin-Ifn \n¡p¶ ]m]-·mcpw
tI{µ-{Xn-tIm-tW -ip`m hocymVyx þ _e-hm-·m-cmbn (`m-h-
¯nÂ\n-¶v) tI{µ§fntem (1,4,7,10) {Xn-tIm-W§fntem
( 1,5,9 ) \n¡p¶ ip`-·mcpw,
hocymVyx `mh-\m-Y kp-lrtZm þ `mh-\m-Yâ (_-e-hm-·m-cm-b)
an{X-§fpw (A-h-cpsS Zim-]-lm-c-§-fnÂ)
`mhky kn²n-{]Zmx þ
`mh-kn-²n¡p Imc-W-am-Ipw.(`m-h-¯nsâ KpW^ew A\p-`-h-s¸-Spw.)

(8)
cmtiymÀÖ-·-hn-e-á-tbmÀar-Xn-]-XnÀ (1) arXyp-Ø -X-Zzo-£tIm
aµ-{IqcZrKmWt]m Kpfn-I-]kvssXcpà-cm-iyw-i]x
cmlp-ssÝjp kpZpÀ_-e-x k P-\t\ `mth- f \-`o-jvtS- ØnXx
]m]m-tem-In-X-kw-bptXm \nP-Z-imbmw `mh-\m-im-hlx.
(1) ]mTt`Zw: [rXn]Xn (aq¶mw `mhm[n]Xn) *.
(2)
cmtiym -P-·- hn-e-á-tbmx þ N{µmtem eámtem
1 ar-Xn-]-Xnx * þ F«mw `mhm-[n-]Xn
2 arXyp-Ø þ F«n \n¡p¶ {Klw
-3 ho-£tIm þ F«n t\m¡p¶ {Klw
4 aµ þ i\n
5 -{Iq-cZrKmWt]m þ 22-þmwt{Z¡-Wm-[n-]³
6 Kpfn-I-]x þ Kpfn-I-³\n¡p¶ cmin-bpsS A[n-]³
7 ssXÀbpà-cm-iyw-i]xþ Cu {Kl-§Ä \n¡p¶ cminIfpsS
-\m-Y-·mcpw Awi-In¨ cmin-IfpsS \m-Y-·mcpw
8 cmlp-ssÝjp þ cmlphpw
P-\t\ kpZpÀº-e Ch-cn P\-\-k-a-b¯p ZpÀº-ecpw
`mth- A\-`o-jvtS -ØnXx tZmj-Øm-\-§-fn (e-ám 6þ8-þ12)
\n¡p-¶-hcpw
]m]m-tem-In-X- þ ]m]ZrjvSn-bp-Å-hcpw
]m]kw-bptXm þ ]m]-tbm-K-ap-Å-hcpw
\nP-Z-imbmw `mh-\m-im-hlxþ X§-fpsS Zi-I-fn `mh-\miw
sN¿pw.
 [358]

* cv D¯tc´y³ ]Xn¸pIfnepw arXn]Xn¡p ]Icw [rXn]Xn BWv

sImSp¯n«pÅXv. 3-þ6-þ11 `mh-§sf ZpØm-\-§-fmbn ImWp¶ ]cm-i-
c-tlmc XpS-§nb {KÙ-§Ä{]Imcw AXp icnbp-am-Imw. F¶m ^e-
Zo-]nI 1 : 17 {]Imcw 6þ8-þ12 `mh-§-fmWv ZpØm-\-§Ä. AXp-{]-
Imcw F«mw-`m-h-amWv kµÀ`-¯n\p tbmPn-¡p-I.

(9)
`mh-tkym-Z-b-]m-{in-Xky Ipiew
bÛm-h-t]-t\m-Z-bþ
kzmao XnjvTXn kwbp-tXm]n Ie-tb-þ
¯-Zv`m-h-PmXw ^ew
ZpØmt\ hn]-co-X-ta-X-Zp-ZnXw
`mthiztc ZpÀ_te
tZmtjm f Xoh `thXv _te\ klntX
tZmjm-Â]Xm PÂ]nXm.

1.`mh-ky D-Z-b-] B-{in-Xky Ipiew þ

eám-[n-]³ GXp `mh-¯n-encp-¶mepw B `mh-¯n\p Ipi-e-am-Wv.
2.bXv `m-h-t]-\ DZ-bkzman XnjvTXn kwbp-tXm]n þ
eám[n]³ GXp `mh-\m-Y-t\mSpIqsS \nev¡p-¶p-thm,
Ie-tb-Xv XXv -`m-h-PmXw ^ewþ B `mhw AXnsâ ^ew \Â-Ip-¶p.
3.ZpØmt\ hn]-co-X-ta-X-Zp-ZnXwþ (`m-hm-[n-]³ \n¡p-¶Xv)
ZpØm\¯m-sW-¦n (6-þ8-þ12) hn]-co-X-^ew ]d-b-Ww.
4.`mthiztc ZpÀ_te tZmjx A-Xoh `thXvþ
`mh-\m-Y³ ZpÀº-e-\m-sW-¦n AXohtZmjw `hn-¡pw.
5. _te\ klntX tZmjm-ev]Xm Pev]nXmþ
_e-hm-\m-sW-¦n tZmj-^ew Ipd-bpw F¶pw ]d-bs¸«n-cn-¡p-¶p.

(10)
bÛm-th-jz-ipt`m f]n tNmZ-b-]Xnx
XÛm-h-hr²nw ZntiZv
ZpxØm-\m-[n-]-Xnx k -tN-ZyZn Xt\mx
{]m_eya-\yky \
At{Xm-Zm-l-cWw IptP kpX-KtX
knwtl Qtj hm ØntX
]p{Xm]vXnw ip`-ho-£ntX QSnXn XXvþ
 [359]

{]m]vXnw hZ-´yp-¯-amx.

1.bXv`m-th-jp Aip`x A]n N DZ-b-]Xnx XXv `m-h-hr²nw ZntiXv

þ]m]-{K-lam-bn-cp-¶mepw eám-[n-]Xn Xm³ \n¡p¶ `mh-¯n\p
A`nhr²n \ÂIpw.
2.ZpxØm-\m-[n-]-Xn- kx -tN-Xv bZn Xt\mx {]m_eya-\yky eám-
[n-]\p ZpØm-\m-[n-]-Xyw-IqSn hcp¶ kµÀ`-§-fnepw- eám[n-]-Xy-
¯nsâA\p-Iqe-^-e-a-ÃmsX ZpØm-\m[n-]-Xy-¯nsâ tZmj-^ew -^ew
sN¿pIbn-Ã.
A{X DZm-l-cWw þ DZm-l-c-W-¯n\v
IptP kpX-KtX knwtl Qtj hm ØntX ]p{Xm]vXnw þ IpP³ A©nÂ,
Nn§¯n AsÃ-¦n ao\-¯nÂ, \n¶m ]p{X-P-\\w ]d-b-Ww. ({Kl-§-
fpsS eám-[n-]Xy_ew ZpØm\m[n-]-XytZmj-t¯-¡mÄ {]_-e-am-sW¶p
kmcw)
ip`-ho-£ntX QSnXn XXv {]m]vXnw hZ-´n D¯-amx. þ ip`-Zr-jvSn-
bp-s-¦nÂ, Xma-k-an-ÃmsX ]p{X-P-\-\-ap-m-Ip-sa¶v BNm-cy-·mÀ
]d-bp-¶p.

hni-Zo-I-cWw:
taSw eáw. eám-[n-]³ IpP³. IpP\v hrÝn-I-cm-in-bpsS B[n]Xyw
-Iq-Sn-bp--tÃm. hrÝnIw ChnsS F«mw-`mhamWv, F«mw-`mhw
ZpØm-\--am-b-Xn-\m IpP\p ZpØm-\m-[n-]-Xyw-IqSn Dv.
IpP³ \n¡p-¶Xv A©mw`mh-amb Nn§-¯nÂ. ZpØm-\m-[n-]-Xy-
apÅ ]m]-\m-b -Ip-Psâ ]p{X-`m-h-¯nse ØnXn a¡Ä Dm-Inà F¶m-
tWm kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv F¶ Hcp kwibw tXm¶mw. eám-[n-]sâ A©nse
A\p-IqeØnXn ]p{X-Kp-Wm-\p-`-h-amWp ImWn-¡p-¶-sX¶pw B
IpP\p ip`-Zr-jvSn-IqSn Ds-¦n ImeXm-aktam {]bm-ktam IqSmsX
thK-¯n ]p{X-·m-À DmIp-sa¶pw ]d-b-Ww. Hcp {Klw A\p-Iq-e-
am-bmÂam-{Xw- t]m-cm, A\p-Iq-e-^ew \ÂIm³ Bh-iy-amb {Kl-_-
ew-IqSn AXn-\p-m-I-Ww F¶XpIqSn ChnsS kqNn-¸n-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p.

(11)
ZznØm-\m-[n-]-Xn-Xz-akvXn bZn tNXv
·pJyw {XntIm-WÀ£Pw
XkymÀ²w kzKr-tl f Y ]qÀh-ap-`-tbmþ
cy¯±-imZu htZXv.
 [360]

]Ým-Zv`m-h-an-lm-]-cmÀ²-k-atb
bptÜ Krtl bpÜPw
tXzmPtØ kXn -tNm-P-`m-h-P-^ew
iwk´n tINn-Ö-\mx.

Ggp {Kl-§-fn A©p Xmcm-{K-l-§Ä¡pw Cucp hoXw cmin-I-fpsS

B[n-]-Xy-ap-v. B {Kl-¯nsâ Zi-bn Cu cp cmin-I-fn GXnsâ ^e-
amWv ][m-\-ambpw A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-I, GXnsâ ^eamWv BZy-ambn
A\p-`-h-s¸-SpI XpS-§nb kwi-b-§Ä¡pÅ adp-]-Sn-bmWv Cu tÇmI-
¯n ]d-bp-¶-Xv.

ZznØm-\m-[n-]-Xn-Xzw A-kvXn bZn tNXv þ cv `mh-§-fpsS

B[n-]-Xy-ap-Å {Kl-am-sW-¦n (AXnsâ Zi-bnÂ)
1.apJyw {XntIm-WÀ£`w þ apJy-ambpw (H¶mw Øm\-¯v) A\p-`-h-
s¸-SpI-. AXnsâ aqe{XntIm-W cminbmb `mh¯nsâ ^e§fmWv.
XkymÀ²w kzKr-tl þ AXnsâ ]IpXn (c-mw-Øm\¯v) kzt£-{Xwam{X-
amb `mh-¯nsâ ^ehpw A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-w.
2.]qÀh-w D`-tbmx bXv ZimZu htZXvþ Cu cp cmin-I-fpsS Zi-I-fnÂ
BZyw A\p-`-h-s¸-Sp-Ibpw ta¸-d-ª-Xnsâ (aq-e-{Xn-tIm-W-cmin-
bpsS) ^e-§-fm-Wv.
]Ým-Zv`m-hw C-l A]-cmÀ²-k-atb þ c-m-as¯ ]Ip-Xn-bn atä `mh-
¯nsâ ^e-§fpw A\p-`-h-s¸-Spw.
3.bptÜ Krtl bpÜPwþ (B {Klw \n¡p-¶Xv) bpÜ-cm-in-bn-em-sW-
¦n B cmin-bn hcp¶ `mh-¯nsâ ^ehpw
HmPtØ kXn-tNm-P-`m-h-P-^ew þ HmP-cm-in-bn-em-sW-¦nÂ
B cmin-bn hcp¶ `mh-¯nsâ ^ehpw
iwk´n tINn-Ö-\mx. þ BZyw hcp-sa-¶mWv Nne-cpsS A`n-{]m-bw.

(12)
bÛm-th-i-kym-Xn-i-{Xp-{Ktl hm
tbm hm tJtSm _nµp-iq-\yÀ£-bpàx
X¯Xv`mth aqÀ¯n-`m-hm-Zn-Im\mw
\miw {_qbm-ss±-hhnXv {]miv\nIw ln.

ØnXn-sImv XnI¨pw ZpÀº-ec-mb {Kl-§Ä, DZm-l-c-W-¯n-\v,

bXv `m-th-i-ky AXn-i-{Xp-{Ktl þ
 [361]

Xsâ AXn-i-{Xpt-£-{X-amb `mh-¯n \n¡p¶ {Klw (2: 23)

hm þ AsÃ-¦nÂ
tbm tJtSm _nµp-iq-\yÀ£-bpàx þ AjvS-I-hÀ¤-¯n X\n¡p
_nµp¡sfm¶pw CÃm¯ cminbn- \n¡p¶ {Klw
(A²ymbw 23, 24 Ch Ah-bpsS Zi-bnÂ
XXv XXv `m-th aqÀ¯n-`m-hm-Zn-Im\mwþ
(Ah \n¡p¶) eáw-Xp-S-§nb AXmXp `mh-§-fpsS
\miw {_qbm-Xv þ \miw sN¿p-sa¶p ]d-b-Ww.

(13)
tkzss¨x kp-lr-Xvt£-{X-K-ssXx {K-tlss{µx
jUv`n˼-ssex ap-Jy-^-em-\zn-tXm f ]n
kÔu ØnXx k-¶ -^-e-{]Zx kymþ
tZhw hnNn-´ym f -{X -h-tZ-Zzn-]-mtI.

Hcp `mh-¯n \n¡p¶ {Klw AXnsâ Zi-bn F{X-am{Xw

`mh-^ew \ÂIpw F¶-Xnsâ hni-Zo-I-cWw:þþ
kzD¨- kp-lr-Xvt£-{X -K-ssX {Ktlss{µx- þ {Kl-§Ä kz´w D¨-cm-in,
an-{X-t£{Xw XpS-§nbh-bn-Â \n¶mepw
jUv`nx _ssex ap-Jy-^-em- A\znX A]n þ jUv_e§-Ä XpS-§nb apJy^e-
ti-jn-IÄ Ccp-¶mepw
kÔu ØnX- þ `mh-k-Ôn-bn-emWp ØnXn-sb-¦nÂ
kx \ ^-e-{]-Zx þ H«pw- ^-e-{]-Z-cÃ. (AXp \n¡p¶ `mh-¯nsâ ^ew
Xcm³ AXn\p Xosc Ign-bp-I-bn-Ã.)
kymXv Ghw hnNn-´y A-{X- h-tZXv hn--]m-tIþ F¶ Imcyw-
IqSn
Nn´n¨p thWw ^e§Ä ]d-bphm³.
hn]mIw þ (IÀ½-^-e-¯nsâ) A\p-`-h-tbm-Ky-amb Ah-Ø. Cu kµÀ`-¯nÂ,
{Kl-Zi.

(14)
`mthjp `mh-kv^p-S-Xp-ey-`mKx
XÛm-hPw ]qÀ®-^ew hn[t¯
kÔu ^ew \mkvXn XZ-´-cmtf
Nnt´ym- f \p-]mXx Jep tJN-cm-Wmw.
 [362]

1.`mthjp `mh-kv^p-S-Xp-ey-`mKx þ {Kl-§fpsS `mh-§-fnse ØnXn

`mh-kv^p-S¯n\p -Xp-ey-amsW¦nÂ, `mh-kv^p-Shpw {Kl-kv^p-
Shpw H¶m-sW-¦nÂ,
XÛm-hPw ]qÀ®-^ew hn[t¯ þ B `mh-¯nse ØnXn-sImv B {Klw
\ÂtI ^ew ]qÀ®-ambpw \ÂIpw.
2kÔu ^ew \mkvXn þ `mh-k-Ôn-I-fn \n¡p¶ {Kl-§Ä Hcp KpWhpw
sN¿pIbn-Ã.
3XZ-´-cmtf Nn´y A-\p-]mXx Jep tJN-cm-Wmw þ `mh-a-²y-¯n\pw
`mh-k-Ôn¡pwCS-bn-epÅ {Kl-Øn-Xn¡v Cu A\p-]m-X¯n Nn´n¨p
^ew ]d-b-Ww.

(15)
kqcym-Zm-ß-]n-Xr-{]-`m-h-hn-cpPmw iànw {inbw Nn´-
tbþ
t¨tXm-_p-²n-\r-]-{]-km-Z-P-\-\o-k-¼XvIc-Ý{µax (1)
kXzw tcmK-Kp-Wm-\p-Pm-h-\n-cn-]p-Úm-Xo³ [cm-
kq-\p\m
hnZym-_-Ôp-hn-th-I-am-Xp-e-kp-lrZzm¡À½IrZv t_m[-\x.
]mTt`Zw: N{µXx
(16)
{]Úm-hn-¯-i-co-c-]pjvSnX\-b-Úm-\m\n hmKo-iz-cmXv
]Xv\o-hm-l-\-`q-j-Wm\n aZ\-hym-]m-c-kuJyw `rtKmx
BbpÀÖo-h-\-ar-Xyp-Im-c-W-hn-]Zv`rXymÝ aµm-Zz-tZXv
kÀt¸-ssWh ]nXm-a-l´pinJn\m amXm-alw Nn´-tb-Xv.

{Kl-§-sf-s¡mp Nn´n-t¡ hnj-b-§Ä

1kqcym-Xv þ kqcy-s\-s¡mv
Bß- þ Bßmhv
]n-Xr þ Aѳ
-{]-`m-h- þ- {]-`m-hw
hn-cpPmw þ BtcmKyw
iànw þ _ew
{inbw þ sFizcyw
Nn´-tbXv þ (F¶nh) Nn´n-¡-Ww.
 [363]

2 N{µakv (N{µXx) N{µ-s\-s¡mv

tNXx þ a\Êv
\r-]-{]-km-Z þ cmP{]oXn
-P-\-\o þ A½
-k-¼Xv¡c þ k¼¯v. (F¶nh Nn´n-¡-Ww.)

3 [cm-kq-\p\m þ IpP-s\-s¡mv
kXzw þ Icp¯v (im-co-cn-I-hpw -am-\kn-I-hp-amb
_ew)
tcmK þ tcmK-§Ä
-Kp-Wm- þ KpW-§Ä
A\p-P þ Cfb ktlm-Z-c³
A-h-\n þ `qan
cn-]p- þ i{Xp
Úm-Xo³ þ _Ôp-¡Ä (F¶nh Nn´n-¡-Ww.)

4t_m[-\x þ _p[s\s¡mv
hnZym þ hnZy-
_-Ôp-
hn-th-Iw-
am-Xp-e- þ A½m-h³
kp-lrXv þ Iq«p-ImÀ
hmIv þ hm¡v
IÀ½IrXv þ IÀ½w (F¶nh Nn´n-¡-Ww.)

5hmKo-iz-cmXv þ hymg-s¯-s¡mv
{]Úm þ {]Ú, hntij_p²n
-hn-¯w þ [\w
-i-co-c-]pjvSn
X\-b þ a¡Ä
Úm-\w þ Adnhv (F¶nh Nn´n-¡-Ww.)

.`rtKmx þ ip{I-s\-s¡mv
]Xv\n þ `mcy
hm-l-\-w
`q-j-Ww þ B`-cWw
 [364]

aZ\-hym-]m-cw- þ Ima-w
kuJyw þ kpJw (F¶nh Nn´n-¡-Ww.)

aµm-Xv þ i\n-sb-s¡mpv
Bbp þ BbpÊv
Po-h-\w- þ Pohn-XamÀ¤w, sXmgnÂ
ar-Xyp-Im-c-Ww- þ ac-W-Im-cWw
hn-]Zv þ B]¯v
`rXyÀ
htZXv þ (F-¶n-h) ]d-bWw.

8.kÀt¸-ssWh þ cmlp-hn-s\-s¡mv
]nXm-a-lw þ AÑsâ Aѳ
inJn\m þ tIXp-hn-s\-s¡mv
amXm-alw þ A½bpsS Aѳ
Nn´-tb-Xv þ (F-¶n-h-bpw) Nn´n-¡-Ww
.
(17)
Zypa-Wn-c-a-c-a-{´o- `q-kp-Xx -tkm-a-kuayu
Kpcp-cn-\-X-\-bmcu `mÀ¤thm `m\p-]p{X
Zn\-I-c-i-intPUyu Poh-`m-\p-Ú-a-µm
kpc-Kp-cp-cn-\-kq\px Imc-Im-x kypx hne-ám-Xv.

`mh-§-fpsS Imc-I-·mÀ

Imc-Im-x kypx hne-ám-Xv þ

eáw apX¡pÅ ]{´p `mh-§-fp-sSbpw ImcI-·mÀ
`mhw Imc-I-{Klw
eáw Zypa-Wn- þ kqcy³
2 A-a-c-a-{´o þ hymgw
3 `q-kp-X³ þ Ip-P³
-4. tkm-a –kuayu þ N{µ\pw _p[\pw
5 Kpcp þ hymgw
6 C\-X-\-b Bcu þ i\nbpw IpP\pw -
-7 `mÀ¤h³ þ ip{I³
 [365]

8 `m\p-]p{X³ þ i\n
9 Zn\-I-c- i-inP CuUyu þ kqcy\pw, _p[\pw, hymghpw
10 Poh -`m-\p- Ú aµm þhymghpw, kqcy\pw, _p[\pw,
i\nbpw.
11 kpc-Kp-cp þ hymgw
12 C-\-kq\px þ i\n

`mh-§-sf-s¡mp Nn´n-t¡ hnj-b-§Ä H¶mwA²ym-b-¯nepw {Kl-

§-sf-s¡mp Nn´n-t¡ hnj-b-§Ä cmw-A-²ym-b-¯nepw hnkvX-cn¨p ]d-
ªn-«p-v. ChnsS 15,16,17 tÇmI-§-fn ]d-ªXv AXnsâ Npcp-¡w-am-
{Xam-Wv. hmkvX-h-¯nÂ, FÃm {Kl-§Ä¡pw FÃm `mh-§-fnepw
kzm[o\w hcp-¶p-v. DZm-l-c-W-¯n\v Bß-Im-c-I³ kqcy-\m-sW-
¦nepw Bß-ku-Jy-¯nsâ Imcyw -h-cp-t¼mÄ aäv Bdp {Kl-§Ä¡pw
AXn kzm[o-\-ap-Å-Xmbn ImWmw. AXp-t]mse hc-hnsâ Øm\-
amb ]Xn-s\m-¶nsâ Imc-I³ hymg-am-sW-¦nepw aäp {Kl-§sfs¡mpw
C¡mcyw Nn´n-¡m-\p-v. AXm-b-Xv, kqcy-s\-s¡mv AÑ-\nÂ\n¶papÅ
[\-h-chpw N{µ-s\-s¡mv A½-Im-c-W-am-bn-«pÅ hchpw Nn´n-¡mw.
F¶m aä-pÅ {Kl-§-fp-sS-sbÃmw ap¼nÂ\n¶p {]hÀ¯n-¡pI `mh-
Im-c-I-\m-bn-cn-¡pw. Imc-I\p _e-¡p-dhv AsÃ-¦n Imc-I³ `mh-
¯n \n¡pI XpS-§-nb tZm-jm-h-Ø-I-fn AXp hcp-am-\-t{km-X-
Ên-s\-¯s¶ _m[n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pw.

(18)
kplr-Z-cn-]-c-Io-b-kzˣ-XpwKkvYnXm\mw
^e-a-\p-]-cn-Nn´yw eá-tZ-lm-Zn-`msshx
kap-]-N-b-hn-]¯nw kuay-]m-t]jp kXyx
IY-bXn hn]-coXw cnx^-j-jvTm-jvS-ta-jp.

eá-tZ-lm-Zn-`msshx þ eáw XpS-§nb `mh-§-fpsS

^e-a-\p-]-cn-Nn´yw þ ^ew ]d-bp-t¼mÄ B `mhhp-ambn _Ô-
s¸« {Kl-¯nsâ (Imc-I-sâ/`mhm-[n-]-sâ)
kplr-Z- þ an{X-t£{Xw
Acn- þ i{Xp-t£{Xw
]cIobw þ kat£{Xw
kzÀ£w þ kzt£{Xw
XpwK þ D¨-t£{Xw XpS-§nb Øm\-§-fnse
 [366]

kvYnXm\mw þ kvYnXn A\p-k-cn¨v {Kl-_-e-¯n\p

hcp¶ Gä-¡p-d-¨n-ep-IÄ ]cn-tim[n-¡Ww.

kap-]-N-b-hn-]¯nw þ `mh-§-fpsS hr²nbpw \mihpw

kuay-]m-t]jp þ ip`-þ-]m-]-{K-l-§-sf-s¡mvNn´n-¡-W-sa¶pw
cnx^ -j-jvTm AjvS-ta-jp þ (F-¶mÂ) 6þ8-þ12- `mh§-fnÂ
hn]-coXw þ ^ew hn]-coXamIp¶psh¶pw
kXyx IY-bXn þ kXym-Nm-cyÀ ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p.

(19)
]m]-{Klmx jjvT-ar-Xn-hy-bØmx
XÛm-h-hr²nw Ie-b´n tZmssjx
ip`mkvXp XÛm-h-ebw ln Xkvamþ
Ñ{Xm-Zn- `m-thm-°- ^-e-{]-Wm-ix. (1)
(1) ]mT-t`Zw : Z{Xm-cn-`m-hm-Zn-^-e-{]-Wmix

]m]-{Klm jjvT- ar-Xn- hy-bØmx þ

]m]-{Kl§Ä 6-, 8, 12 `mh-§-fn \n¶mÂ
XXv `m-h-hr²nw Ie-b´n tZmssjx þ B `mh-§Ä¡v X§fpsS tZmj §ÄsIm-
v hr²n sN¿pw. (]m-]-·mÀ ZpØm-\-§fn \n-¶m B `mh-§-fpsS
tZmj-^ew IqSpw F¶À°w).
ip`mx Xp XÛm-h-ebw þ ip`-·mÀ \n¶memIs«, B `mh-§Ä¡p (Zp-
Øm-\-§Ä¡p) \miw Dm-Ip-¶p.
XkvamXv A{X A-cn-`m-hmZn ^-e-{]-Wm-ix. þ (A-Xm-b-Xv) ip-`-
Øn-Xn-sImv Bdv XpS-§nb (6-þ8-þ12) `mh-§fpsS tZmj-^ew \in-¡p-
¶p.

hni-Zo-I-cWw:
1.]m-]-·mÀ ZpØm-\-§fn -\n-¶m B `mh-§-fpsS tZmj-^ew
IqSpw F¶Xp kmam\y\n-b-aw-am-{X-am-Wv. (Bdmw A²ym-b-¯nÂ
hnh-cn¨ lÀj-þ-k-c-f-þ-hn-a-e-tbm-K-§Ä ImWp-I.)
2.ip-`-Øn-Xn-sImv ZpØm-\-§-fpsS tZmjw Xocp-sa-¦nepw, AXv B
ip`-{K-l-¯nsâ _es¯ tZmj-ambn _m[n-¡p-¶p-ap-v. DZm-l-c-W-¯n\v
Bdnse hymgw i{Xp-¡Äs¡-Xnsc {]Xn-tcm-[-ambn \n¡p-¶p-sh-¦n-
epw, ZpØm-\-ØnXn hymgs¯ ZpÀº-e-\m-¡p-¶p-ap-v.
 [367]

`mhmXv `mh-Nn´
(20)
`mhky bsskyh ^ew hnNn´yw
`mhw N Xw eá-an-Xn -{]-Iev]y
Xkvam-Zz-tZ-±zm-Z-i-`m-h-Pm\n
^em\n X{Zq-]-[-\m-Zn-Im-\n.

`mhky bsskyh ^ew hnNn´ywþ GsXmcp `mh-¯nsâ

^eamtWm AdntbXv
`mhw N Xw eá-an-Xn- {]-Iev]y þ B`mhs¯ eá-ambn k¦-
ev]n-¨v
XkvamXv AXp-ap-XÂ-
cq-]-[-\m-Zn-Im-\n. þ cq]w (e-áw), [\w (c-mw-`m-
hw)
XpS-§n-
Zzm-Z-i-`m-h-Pm\n þ ]{´p `mh-§-fpsSbpw
^em\n þ ^e-§Ä
htZXv þ ]d-bWw. (Nn-´n-¡-Ww.)

Imc-ImXv ^e-Nn´

(21)
Ghw ln XXvIm-c-ItXm hnNn´yw
]nXpÝ amXpÝ ktlm-Z-cky
X·m-Xp-e-kym]n kpXky ]XypÀþ
`rXyky kqcymZn {Kl-Øn-XÀ£m-Xv.

Ghw ln kqcymZn {Kl-Øn-XÀ£m-Xv. þ C{]Im-cwXs¶ kqcy³ XpS-

§nb {Kl-§Ä \n¡p¶ cmin-Isfs¡mv (Im-c-I-·mÀ \n¡p¶ cminsb eá-
am-¡n)
XÂIm-c-ItXm hnNn´yw þ `mh-Im-c-I-·m-sc-s¡mpw Nn´n-¡-Ww.
AXm-b-Xv-þþ
]nXp þ AÑsâ Imcy§-f-dn-bm³ kqcy³ \n¡p¶ cmin-ap-X¡pw
amXp þ A½ þ N{µ³ \n¡p¶ cmin-ap-X¡pw
ktlm-Z-c þ ktlm-Z-c³ þ IpP³ \n¡p¶ cmin-ap-X¡pw
 [368]

am-Xp-e- þ A½m-h³ þ _p[³ \n¡p¶ cmin-ap-X¡pw

kpX þ ]p{X³ þ hymgw \n¡p¶ cmin-ap-X¡pw
]Xn þ If{Xw þ ip{I³ \n¡p¶ cmin-ap-X¡pw
`rXy þ the-¡m-c³ þ i\n \n¡p¶ cmin-ap-X¡pw
(Nn´n-¡-Ww.)
DZm-l-cWw: kqcy-s\-s¡mv AÑ-s\-¡p-dn¨p ]d-bp¶ hn[w
(22)
kqcy-kvYn-XÀ£mÖ-\-I-kz-cq]w
hr²nw Zzn-Xo-tb\ Xp XXv{]-Imiw
XZv{`m-Xcw Xky KpWw XrXo-bmþ
¯·m-Xcw Nm]n kpJw NXpÀ°m-Xv.
(23)
_p²nw {]kmZw kpX-`m¨ jjvTmXv
]oUmw ]nXpÀt±m-j-a-cnw N tcmKw
Imaw aZw Xky Xp k]vX-ta\
ZpxJw arXnw arXypKr-lm¯Zm-bpx.
(24)
]pWyw ip`w XXv]n-Xcw ipt`\
hym]m-c-a-sskyh ln IÀ½-`m-hmXv
em`w lyp]m-´ymXv £b-a-´y-`m-hmþ
¨{µm-Zn-Im\mw ^e-ta-h-am-lpx.
1.kqcy-kvYn-XÀ£m P-\-I-kz-cq]w –
þ kqcy³ \nev¡p¶ `mhwsImv AÑsâ cq]w
2.hr²nx Zzn-Xo-tb\ þ
AXnsâ ASp¯ `mhwsImv AÑsâ [\-hr-²nbpw
3.XXv {`m-Xcw Xky KpWw XrXo-bm þ
aq¶mas¯- `mhw-sImv AÑsâ ktlm-Z-c-·m-scbpw KpW-t¯bpw
4.X·m-Xcw N A]n kpJw NXpÀ°m-Xv þ
\memw`mhwsImv AÑsâ A½-tbbpw AÑsâ kpJt¯bpw-
5._p²nw {]kmZwkpX-`mXv N þ
A©mw `mhwsImv AÑsâ _p²nbpw {]kmZhpw
6.jjvTmXv ]nXpx ]oUmw tZm-jw Acnw N tcmKw þ
Bdmw-`mhwsImv AÑsâ D]-{Z-h-§Ä, tZmj-§Ä, i{Xp, tcmKw
7.Imaw aZw Xky Xp k]vX-ta\ þ
Ggmw-`m-hw-sImv AÑsâ Imaw, aZw
8.ZpxJw arXnw arXypKr-lmXv XZm-bpx.þ
 [369]

F«mw-`m-hw-sImv AÑsâ BbpÊ,v ZpxJw, arXn F¶n-hbpw

9.]pWyw ip`w XXv]n-Xcw ipt`\þ H¼Xmw-`m-hw-sImv AÑsâ ]
pWyw, ip`w F¶n-hbpw AÑsâ AÑ-t\bpw
10.IÀ½-`m-hmXvhym]m-c-w A-sskyh ln þ
]¯mw-`m-hw-sImv AÑsâ hym]m-chpw
11.em`w D]m-´ymXvþ
]Xns\m¶mw-`m-hw-sImv AÑsâ em`hpw
--12.£b-w A´y-`m-hmXv þ ]{´mw-`m-hw-sImv AÑsâ £bhpw
(\mi-hpw)Nn´n-¡-Ww.

N{µm-Zn-Im\mw ^e-w Gh-w B-lpxþ A½ XpS-§n-b-h-cpsS

Imcy- §Ä CXp-t]mse N{µ³ XpS-§nb Imc-I-{K-l-§-sf-s¡mp ]d-b-
Ww.

(25)
X¯-Ûm-hmXv Imc-Im-tZ-h-aqlyw
X¯-·m-Xr-{`m-Xr-]n-{Xm-ß-PmZyw
Xkvan³ `mth ImctI `mh-\mtY
hotcym-t]tX Xky `mhky kuJyw.

X¯-Ûm-hmXv þ AXmXv `mh-§sf-s¡mpw

Imc-Im-Xv þ Imc-I-{Kl-§-sf-s¡mpw-
X¯Xv þ PmX-Isâ
-am-Xr- þ A½
{`m-Xr þ ktlm-Z-c³
-]n-{X þ Aѳ
B-ß-PmZyw þ a¡Ä XpS-§nbhsbÃmw
Gh-w Dulyw þ C{]-Im-cw Nn´n¨p ]d-b-Ww.
Xkvan³ þ CXnÂ
`mth þ `mhw
ImctI þ Imc-I³
`mh-\mtY þ `mh-\m-Y³ (C-h-bnÂ)
hotcym-t]tX þ _e-apÅtXtXm
Xky þ AXnsâ
`mhky þ `mh-¯n\v
kuJyw þ kuJyw (^e-Zm-\-tijn) Dm-Ipw.
 [370]

(26)
[Àt½ kqcyx ioX-KpÀº-Ôp-`mth
iutcy `uax ]©ta tZh-a{´o
Imta ip{I-Ým-jvSta `m\p-]p{Xx
Ipcym-¯ky t¢i-anXymlpc-t\y.

[Àt½ kqcyx þ H¼-Xnse kqcy³

ioX-Kpx _Ôp-`mth þ \men N{µ³
iutcy `uax þ aq¶n IpP³
]©ta tZh-a{´o þ A©n hymgw
Imta ip{I þ Ggn ip{I³
AjvSta `m\p-]p{Xx þ F«n i\n
Ipcym-Xv Xky t¢iw þ Ch AXmXp `mh-§Ä¡p
t¢i-apm¡psa¶p
CXn Blpx At\y þ thsd NneÀ ]d-bp-¶p.
(Imc-I-{Klw `m-h-¯n \n¡p-¶Xp `mh--¯n\p \Ã-XÃ.)

(27)
etá-iztcm bÛ-h-t\-i-bptàm
bÛm-h-K-kvXky ^ew ZZmXn
`mth XZoti _e-`mPn tX\
`mth\ kuJyw hyk\w _tem-t\.

etá-izcx þ eám-[n-]³
bÛ-h-t\-i-bptàm þ GXp `mhm-[n-]-sâ-Iq-sS-bmtWm
\n¡p-¶Xv -(A-sÃ-¦nÂ)
bÛm-h-Kx- GXp `mh-¯n-emtWm \n¡p-¶Xv
Xky Xky AXm-Xnsâ (B `mhm[n]sâ/
`mh-¯nsâ)
^ew ZZmXn þ ^ew Xcp-¶p. (-_ew hÀ²n¸n-¡p-¶p.)
`mth XZoti þ B `mh-¯n\pw AXnsâ \mY\pw
_e-`mPn tX\ þ _eap-s-¦nÂ
`mth\ kuJyw þ B `mhw ip`-^ew (\ÂIp-¶p).
hyk\w _tem-t\. þ _e-an-sÃ-¦n hyk\w (Zp-J-^-e-hpw)
DmIp¶p.
 [371]

(e-ám-[n-]-_-Ôw-am{Xw t]mcm, kz´-amb ASn-Øm-\-_-ew-Iq-Sn-

th-W-sa-¶À°w.)

(28)
bÛm-h-{]-`pWm bptXm _e-hXm apJymw-KtKm eá]x
XXv`mhm-\p-`hw ip`w hnX-\ptX bÛm-h-K-kvXky N
kwbptàm _e-lo-\-`m-h-]-Xn\m \nµym-wK-`mPm ^ew
Ipcym-¯-Zzn-]-co-X-ta-h-ap-ZnXw kÀthjp `mth-jz-]n.

1apJymw-KtKm eá]x þ
eám-[n-]\v, AjvS-hÀ¤-_e-apÅ `mh-¯nsâ \m-Y³
`m-h-{]-`pWm bptXm _e-hXm þ
_e-hm-\mbn eám-[n-]-sâ-IqsS, \n¡p-¶p-sh-¦nÂ
XXv`mhm-\p-`hw ip`w hnX-\ptXþ B `mh-¯nsâ A\p-`hw
ip`-am-Ip-¶p.
2bXv `m-h-K-x Xky N þ GXp `mh-¯n-emtWm C§ns\ \n¡p-¶Xv,
AXn-sâ- A\p-`hhpw ip`-am-Ip-¶p.
3kwbptàm _e-lo-\-`m-h-]-Xn\m \nµym-wK-`mPm þ ZpÀº-e-\mb
`mhm-[n-]-sâ-IqsS AjvS-hÀ¤-_-e-an-Ãm¯ eám-[n-]³ \n¶mÂ
^ew Ipcym-Xv XXv hn-]-co-X-w G-hw -D-ZnXw þ ^ewhn]-co--
Xam-bn-cn-¡pw.
kÀthjp `mth-jp A]n. þFÃm `mh-§-sf-s¡mpw C§s\ Nn´n-¡-Ww

. (29)
ZpxØm-\-]-kvX-Zn-X-c-kz-Kr-l-Øn-X-tÝXv
kzt£-{X-`m-h-^-e-tah ItcmXn \m\yw
atµm artK kpX-Krtl bZn ]p{X-kn²nx
jjvTm-[n-]-Xy-Ir-X-tZm-j-^ew \ Nm{X.

ZpxØm-\-] X-Xv -C-X-c -kz-Kr-l- Øn-X-tÝXv þ ZpØm-\m-[n-]³ (6-

þ8-þ12 `mhm-[n-]³) Xsâ asämcp cmin-bmb kzt£-{X-¯n \n¡p-
t¼mÄ
kzt£-{X-`m-h-^-e-w Gh ItcmXn \ A\yw þ \n¡p¶ t£{X-¯nsâ ^e-a-
ÃmsX asä `mh-¯nsâ (ZpØm-\¯nsâ) ^ew \ÂIpIbn-Ã.

DZm-l-c-W-¯n-\v:--:þþ
 [372]

atµm artK kpX-Krtl bZn ]p{X-kn²nx þ i\n aI-c-¯nÂ, A©nÂ,

(\n¡p¶p) F¦n ]p{X-em`w (DmIpw);
jjvTm-[n-]-Xy-Ir-X-tZm-j-^ew \ N A{X þ
Bdmw `mhm-[n-]-Xyw- sImpÅ tZm-j^ew Dm-In-Ã.

I¶n eá-¯n\p aIcw A©mw`mhhpw Ip`w Bdmw`mhhpw BW-tÃm.

A©pw Bdpw `mh-§-fpsS A[n-]Xn Htc {Klw (i-\n) Xs¶.
A©n \n¡p¶ i\n A©mw `mhm-[n-]Xn F¶ \nebv¡pÅ \à ^ea-Ãm-
sX,
Bdmw `mhm-[n-]Xn F¶ \nebv¡pÅ tZmjw sN¿pIbn-Ã F¶p kmcw.

(30)
cmiu ØnXnÀ½ntYm tbmtKm
ZrjvSn tIt{µjp kwØnXnx
{XntImtW hm ØnXnx ]©þ
{]Imtcm _Ô Cucn-Xx.

1. cmiu ØnXnx antYm þ ]c-kv]cw cmin amdn \n¡pI

2. tbmtKm þ H¶n¨p \n¡pI,
3. ZrjvSn þ ]c-kv]cZrjvSn
4. tIt{µjp kwØnXn þ ]c-kv]cw tI{µ¯nÂ
\n¡pI,
5. {XntImtWØnXn þ ]c-kv]cw{XntIm-W-¯nÂ
ØnXn
]©{]Imtcm þ (C§s\) A©p {]Im-c-¯nÂ
_Ô Cucn-Xx þ {Kl-_Ôw ]d-b-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p.

A²ymbw 16 þ `mh^ew
 [373]

(1)
eá\hmwi]XpeyX\px kym-þ
ZzocybpX{KlXpeyX\pÀhm
N{µktaX\hmwi]hÀvWx
ImZnhneáhn`à`Km{Xx

icoc{]IrXn, \ndw,
AwK§-fpsS KpW-tZm-j-§Ä

eá\hmwi]XpeyX\pkymXvþ eá\hmwiw hcp¶ cmin-bpsS \mYs\

hocybpX{KlXpeyX\px hm þ Asæn PmX-I-¯nse _e-¡q-Sp-XepÅ
{Kl¯ns\ A\p-k-cn-¨m-bn-cn¡pw icoc {]IrXn.*
* asämcp hymJym\w: PmX-I\v eám-[n-]-sâtbm eá-\-hmw-im-[n-]-sâtbm
{]Ir-Xn-bv¡-\p-k-cn¨ tZl-am-Wpm-hp-I
N{µktaX \hmwi] hÀvWx þ N{µ\hmwiw hcp¶ cminbpsS \mY\p
]d-ªn-«p-Å-Xm-bn-cn¡pw \ndw.
ImZnhneáhn`àn`Km{Xxþ ImemwKmZn (1::4) hnhcW{]Imcw
Hmtcm cminbnepw \n¡p¶ {Kl§Ä¡\pkcn¨mbncn¡pw Ahbh§fpsS
KpWtZmj§Ä

(2)
etáti tI{µtImtW kv^pSIc\nItc
tkzm¨t` hm kzt` hm
tI{µmZ\y{X kwtØ \n[\`h\t]
kuaybptà hnetá
ZoÀLmbpjvam³ [\mtVym alnXKpWbptXm
`qan]me{]ikvtXm
e£ohm³ kpµcmwtKm ZrVX\pc`tbm
[mÀ½nIx kXvIpSpw_o.

eám[n]\pw eá-¯n\pw _e-ap-s-¦nÂ

etáti þ eám[n]³
tI{µ tImtW - þ tI{µ¯ntem, {XntImW¯ntem
kv^pSIc\nItc þ civan_et¯msStbm
tkzm¨t` hm kzt` hm þ D¨¯ntem kzt£{X¯ntem
 [374]

\n¡pIbpw
\n[\`h\t] þ F«mw`mhm[n]³
tI{µmXv A\y{X kwtØ þ tI{µaÃm¯ `mh-¯n \n¡pIbpw
kuaybptà hnetá þ eá¯n ip`{KlapmhpIbpw
sNbvXmÂ, ^ew:
ZoÀLmbpjvam³ þ ZoÀLmbpÊv
[\mtVym -þ [\nI³
alnXKpWbptXm þ hÀ²n¨ KpW§tfmSpIqSnbh³
`qan]me{]ikvtXm þ cm-Pm-hn-s\-t¸mse {]i-kvX-³
e£ohm³ þ sFizcyapÅh³
kpµcmwtKm þ kuµcyapÅh³
ZrVX\p þ Dd¨ icocapÅh³
A`tbm þ `banÃm¯h³
[mÀ½nI þ [mÀ½nI³
kXvIpSpw_o þ \Ã IpSpw_t¯mSpIqSnbh³

eám[n]sâ ØnXn A\p-k-cn-¨pÅ ^e-§Ä

(3)
kXvkw_ÔbptX Itf_c]Xu kZv{Kmahmtkm f Yhm
kXvkwKx {]_e{KtlW klntXm hnJymX`q]m{ibx
tkzm¨tØ \r]Xnx kzbw kzKrltK XÖ·`qau kvYnXnx
k©mcÝct` ØnXnx ØncKrtl Zzµw hncq]w ^ew.

(4)
hnJymXx InctWmPzte X\p]Xu kptØ kpJo hÀ²t\m
ZpxtØ ZpxJkZr£\oN`ht\ (1) hmtkm \nIrjvSØte
kzØw PohXn iànaXypZbt` hÀ²njvWpcqÀPkztem
\nÈàu \nltXm ZznjZv`nckIrXv Jnt¶m `thZmXpcx.
]mTt`Zw: aqV k]Xv\ \oN `ht\
Itf_c]Xu þ eám[n]³1,
kXvkw_ÔbptX ip`{KltbmKt¯msSbmWv\n¡p¶sX¦nÂ
kZv{Kmahmtkm þ \Ã tZi¯p hkn-¡p-¶-h-\pw
AYhm þ AsænÂ
 [375]

kXv kwKx þ \Ã-h-cp-ambn kl-hmkap-Å-h\pw Bbn-cn-

¡pw.
{]_e{KtlWklntXmþ_e-apÅ {Klt¯mSpIqsSbmWp
ØnXnsb¦nÂ
hnJymX`q]m{ibx þ {]kn²\mb cmPmhnsâ B{inX\mhpw.
kz D¨tØ \r]Xn þ D¨cminbnemWp ØnXn-sb-¦nÂ
cmPmhmIpw.
kzKrtl XXv P·`qau kvYnXnx þ kzt£{X¯nemsW¦nÂ
P·tZi¯pXs¶ Pohn¡pw.
k©mcÝct`ØnXnxþ NccminbnemsW¦n k©cn¡p¶h\mbpw
ØncKrtlþ ØnccminbnemsW¦n Øncambn HcnS¯p
Ignbp¶h\mbpw hcpw.
Zztµ Zzncq]w ^ew.þ D`bcminbnemsW¦n cp kz`mhhpw
ImWn¡pw.
hnJymXx InctWmPzte X\p]Xu þ eám[n]\p civan_eaps-
¦n hnJymX\mIpw.
kpØ kpJo hÀ²t\m þ kpØm\¯v (6-þ8-þ12 Hgn-sI-bpÅ `mh-
§-fnÂ) \n¶m kpJw A\p-`-hn-¡p-¶-h\pw A`n-hr²n-bp-Å-h\pamIpw.
ZpxtØ ZpxJ þ ZpØm-\ (6-þ8-þ12) -ØnXn : ZpxJw
\oN`ht\ hmtkm \nIrjvSØteþ
\oNcmin-ØnXn: \nIrjvSamb Øe§fn hkn¡p¶h³
iànaXypZbt` þ (e-ám-[n-]³) _ehm\mbn eá¯nÂ
\n¡p¶psh¦nÂ
hÀ²njvWp DuÀPkztemþ A`n-hr-²n-bp-Å-h-\mbn, DuÀP-kz-e-\mbn
kzØw PohXn þ kzØ-ambn Pohn-¡pw.
\nÈàu \nltXm ZznjZv`nckIrXv Jnt¶m `thZmXpcx. þ
eám[n]³ _e-c-lnX\msW¦n PmXI³ ]cm-Pn-X\pw
ZpJn-X\pw tcmKnbp-am-bn-cn-¡pw.

cmw`mhm[n]sâ ØnXn A\p-k-cn-¨pÅ ^e-§Ä

(5)
AÀ°kzman\n apJym`mhPpjn kÕzÀt° IpSpw_{inbm
kÀthmXvIrjvSKptWm [\o N kpapJx kym±qcZÀio \cx
kw_tÔ khnXpÀZznXob]Xn\m temtIm]Imc£amw
 [376]

hnZymaÀ°ahm]v\pbmZY it\x £p{ZmÂ]hnZymcXx

(6)
ssPth sshZnI[À½imkv{X\n]ptWm
_ut[f À°imkvt{X ]Spx
irwKmtcmàn]SpÀ`rtKmÀlnacptNx
In©nXvIemhnZv `thXv
IutP {IqcIem]SpÝ ]nipt\m
cmlu ØntX temlfx
tIXu `iyZfoIhmKv [\KssXx
]mss]Ý aqtVm f [\x.

AÀ°kzman\o –þ cmw`mhm[n]³
apJy`mhPpjn þ kpØm\§fn \n¶mepw
kÕp AÀt° -þ ip`·mÀ cn \n¶mepw
IpSpw_{inbm þ PmXI³ IpSpw_{iotbmsS
kÀthmXvIrjvSKptWm þ kÀthmXvIrjvSamb KpW§tfmSp
IqSnbh\pw
[\o kpapJx ZqcZÀio \cx þ [\nI\pw kpapJ\pw
ZoÀLZÀinbpambncn¡pw.
kw_tÔ þ cmw-`m-hm-[n-]\p kqcy³ XpS-§nb
{Kl-§-fp-ambn _Ôw (15-:30) h¶mÂþ
khnXpx temtIm]Imc£amw hnZymw AÀ°w Ahm]v\pbmXv þ
cmw`mhm[n]\p kqcy\pambn _Ôw h¶m temtIm]Imc
{]Zamb hnZybpw, [\hpw Dm-Ipw.
it\x £p{ZmÂ]hnZymcXxþ i\nbpambn _Ôw h¶m £p{Zhpw
\nÊm-chpamb hnZyIfn cX\mIpw
ssPth sshZnI[À½imkv{X\n]ptWm þ hymgt¯mSp _Ôw
h¶m thZ§fnepw [À½imkv{X§fnepw \n]pW\mIpw.
_ut[AÀYimkvt{X ]Spxþ
_p[\pambn _Ôw h¶m AÀ°imkv{X§fn kaÀ°³.
irwKmtcmàn]Spx `rtKmxþ
ip{I\pambn _Ôw h¶m irwKmcw ]dbp¶Xn kaÀ°³.
lnacptNx In©nXvIemhnZv `thXv þ
N{µ\pambn _Ôw h¶m IemImc³
IutP {IqcIem]SpÝ ]nipt\m þ
 [377]

IpP\pambn _Ôw h¶m Bkpcamb IeIfn kaÀ°³, {Iqc³

cmlu ØntX temlfxþ
cmw `mhm[n]\p cmlphpambn _Ôw h¶m sImª³ (hn¡³)
tIXu `iyZfoIhmKv þ
tIXphpambn _Ôw h¶m Ifhp ]dbp¶³.
[\KssXx ]mss]x aqtV A[\x.þ
]m]{Kl-§Ä cn \n¶m aqV\pw Zcn{Z\pw Bbncn¡pw.

aq¶mw `mhm[n]sâ ØnXn A\p-k-cn-¨pÅ ^e-§Ä

(7)
_tÔm bZn kym¯\piucy\mYtbmþ
ct\ym\ycminØnXtbmÀºemVytbmx
ss[cyw N iucyw klPm\pIqeXmw
{]m]vt\mXybw kmlkImcyIÀXrXmw.
(8)
iucyt] Xp _enkZv{Klbptà
ImctI f ]n ip``mhapt]tX
{`mXrhr²ncY hocyhnlot\
ZpxØntX `hXn tkmZc\miw.

(9)
AbpÜcmiu bZn ImctIiu
KpÀhÀI`qkq\p \nco£nXu tNXv
HmtPm Krlx kymZyZn hn{IamJyx
]pw{`mXckvXzwihimZv `thbpx.*

_emVytbmxþ þ _ehm·cmb
X\piucy\mYtbm þ eám[n]\pw aq¶mw`mhm[n]\pw
At\ym\ycminkvYnXtbmx þ ]ckv]cw cmin amdnbpÅ
_tÔm þ _Ôt¯msS (15-:30) \n¶mÂ
ss[cyw iucyw klPm\pIqeyXmw {]m]vt\mXybw
kmlkImcyIÀXrXmw. þ ss[cyw, iucyw, ktlmZcKpWw,
kmlk {]hÀ¯nIÄ Ch ^ew
.
 [378]

iucyt] Xp _en þ aq¶mw`mhm[n]³ _eimenbmbn,

kZv{Klbptàþ ip`cpambn _Ôt¯msS Ccn¡pIbpw,
ImctIA]n ip``mhapt]tXþ `mhImcI³ (IpP³) ip``mh¯nÂ
\n¡pIbpw sNbvXmÂ
`mXrhr²ncYþ ktlmZc§Ä¡v A`nhr²nbpmIpw.

hocyhnlot\, ZpxØnXu, þ aq¶mw`mhm[n]³ _eanÃmsX

ZpØm\¯p\n¶mÂ
`hXn tkmZc\miw.þ ktlmZc\miw ^ew.

ImctIiu AbpÜcmiuþ ImcI\pw aq¶mw`mhm[n]\pw

HmPcminbn -\n¡pI
Kpcp AÀ¡ `qkq\p \nco£nXþhymgw, kqcy³, IpP³ ChcpsS
ZrjvSn DmhpI
(3) HmtPm Krlx bZn hn{IamJyxþaq¶mw`mhw HmPcminbmhpI
(F¦nÂ)
]pw{`mXckvXp .. `thbpþ ktlmZc·mÀ DmIpw.

*Awi-h-imXv `thbpx F¶Xv cpXc-¯nÂhymJym-\n-¡-s¸-«n-«p-v.

ImcI\pw aq¶mw`mhm[n]\pw HmPcminbn -\n¡pIbpw
Awin-¡p-Ibpw thWw-
\hmw-iw- A-\p-k-cn¨v (sN¶ \hmw-i-w kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶{X) ktlm-Z-c-
·mÀ DmIpw

.\memw`mhm[n]sâ ØnXn A\p-k-cn-¨pÅ ^e-§Ä

(10)
ZpØmt\ kpJt] iin\y]n kXmw
tbmtK£ssWÀhÀPntX
]m]m´x ØnXnaXykZv{KlbptX
ZrjvtS P\\ymx arXnx
GXu Zzmh]n hocyKu ip`bpXu
ZpjvSu ipss`À_ÔpssKÀþ
½mXpx kuJyIcu hnt[mÝ kpJssKx
kussayÀhtZ¯ÕpJw.
(11)
etáti kpJtK f Yhm kpJ]Xu
 [379]

etá Xtbmco£tW
tbmtK hm iin\kvXYm bZn Itcmþ
Xy´ymw kzamXpx {Inbmw
At\ym\yw bZn i{Xp\oN`ht\
jjvTmjvSta hm XtbmÀþ
amXrÀt¶m f ]n ItcmXn \mikatb
_ÔkvXtbmÀhm \ tNXv.
(12)
amXr`mthmàhZzmNyw ]nXr{`mXrkpXmZnjp
`mhImcI`mthssiÀeáetáizsscÀ htZXv.
(13)
kpØu kptJi`rKpPu X\p_Ôpbpàmþ
hmtµmfnImw P\]tZizcXmw hn[¯x
kzÀWmZy\ÀLaWn`qjW]«i¿mþ
Imtam]t`mKIcWm\n N tKmKPmizm³.
(14)
ZptØ kptJti IpPkqcybptà
kptJ f ]n hm P·Krlw {]ZKv²w
PoÀ®w XtamaµbptX f cnbptà
]sscÀlrXw tKm£nXnhml\mZyw
ZpØmt\ kpJt] þ
\memw`mhm[n]³ ZpØm\¯p (6þ8-þ12) \n¡pI
iin\n A]n kXmw tbmK Cu£ssW hÀPntX
N{µ\v ip`cpsS ZrjvSntbm tbmKtam CÃmXncn¡pI
]m]m´xØnXhXykZv{KlbptX ZrjvtS þ
N{µ\v ]m]a²yØnXn, ]m]tbmKw, ]m]ZrjvSn Ch
P\\ymx arXnx þ amXracWw ^ew.

ae-bm-f-hym-Jym-\-§-fn CXns\ AXnAkZv{KlbptX ZrjvtS

Fs¶Sp¯vv AXn]m-]-tbm-Kw, AXn-]m-]-ZrjvSn F¶v AÀ°w sImSp-
¯n-cn¡p¶p. amXr-Im-c-I-\mb Nµ\v ]m]-_Ôw h¶m¯s¶ AXp
amXm-hn\p tZmj-am-Ipw. Xs¶-b-Ã, ]m]-s\-¶-ÃmsX AXn-]m-]s\¶
{]tbmKw km[mcWhpa-Ã.

apI-fn ]dª aq¶p Imcy-§Ä, shtÆsd F¶Ã Hcp-an¨v FSp-¯mepw,

amXr-a-cWw Dd¸n¨p ]d-bm-\m-hn-à F¶v Adn-bm¯ Bfà at{´-iz-c³.
 [380]

\memw-`m-hm-[n-]\pw amXr-Im-c-I\pw Hcp-t]mse Zp˼-e-cm-bn-

cp-¶m AXv amXr-Kp-W-t¯tbm, amXm-hnsâ Bbp-Ên-s\-¯-s¶tbm,
_m[n¡mw F¶-XmWv ASn-Øm\ Bi-bw.
GXu Zzmh]n þ \memw`mhm[n]\pw N{µ\pw
hocyKu ip`bpXu ZrjvSuþ _e-hm-·m-cmbn ip`-{K-l-tbmKt¯msS
ip`{KlZrjvSntbmsS \n¡pI
ipss` _Ôpss` þ \memw`mh¯n ip`{Kl§Ä
\n¡pI
amXpx kuJyIcu þ F¦nÂ, amXmhn\v kuJyamWv.
hnt[mÝkp`ssKx kussayxþ N{µ\nÂ\n¶p kpØm-\-§-fnÂ
ip`À \n¶mepw
htZXv XÕpJw þ amXmhnsâ kuJys¯ ]dbWw.
etáti kpJtK þ eám[n]³ \menÂ
AYhm kpJ]Xu etá þ Asæn \memw`mhm[n]Xn eá¯nÂ
Xtbmco£tW þ Ch-cpsS (]ckv]c) ZrjvSn,
tbmtK þ (Ch-À X½nÂ) tbmKw
hm iin\x XYmþ Asæn ChÀ N{µsâ IqsS
\n¡pI, F¦nÂ
ItcmXy´ymw kzamXpx {Inbmwþ amXmhnsâ A´y{InbIÄ sN¿pw.
At\ym\yw þ AhÀ (eám[n]\pw
\memw`mhm[n]\pw)
]ckv]cw
i{Xp\oN`ht\ þ i{Xpt£{X¯ntem \oNcminbntem
jjvTmjvSta hm Xtbmx Bdv, F«v Øm\§fntem \n¡pI
_Ôx Xtbmx hm \ tNXv .þ AhÀ X½n _Ôw CÃmXncn¡pI
C§s\ h¶mÂ
amXrx \ A]n ItcmXn \mikatbþ amXm-hnsâ ac-W-k-a-b¯p
tij-{In-b-IÄ sN¿m³ Ign-bp-I-bn-Ã.

amXr`mh DàhXv hmNym þamXr`mhs¯¡pdn¨p ]dªXpt]mse

]nXr `mXr kpXmZnjp þ]nXr`mhw, ktlmZc`mhw, ]
p{X`mhw
XpS§nbhbpw
`mh ImcI `mthssix þ `mhw, `mh-Im-c-I³, `mhm[n]³,
Chscs¡mpw (AhÀ¡p)
eáetáizsscÀ htZXv. eáhpw, eám[n]\pam-bpÅ _Ôw-
 [381]

]cn-K-Wn¨pw ]dbWw.
kptJi `rKpPu –þ \memw`mhm[n]\pw ip{I\pw
kpØu þ kpØm\§fn \n¶mepw
X\p_Ôpbpàm eá¯ntem \mentem \n¶mepw
BtµmfnImw P\]tZizcXmwþ ]áv, cmPXzw,
kzÀWmZnA\ÀLaWn`qjW]«i¿mþkzÀ®w XpS§nbh, hne]nSn¨
cXv\§Ä, B`cW§Ä, InS¡,
Imtam]t`mKIcWm\n N þ Imtam]t`mKhkvXp¡Ä,
tKmKPmizm³. ]ip¡Ä,B\IÄ,IpXncIÄ
XpS§nbh DmIpw.
ZptØ kptJti \memw`mhm[n]Xn ZpØm\¯v ØnXn
IpPkqcybptàþ Asæn IpP\pw kqcy\pambn
tbmKw
kptJ]n hmþ \men IpP\pw kqcy\pw \n¡pI
Chbps¦nÂ
P·Krlw {]ZKv²w þ P·Krlw I¯nt¸mIpw.
XtamaµbptX (\memw`mhm[n]Xn¡v) i\nþcmlp¡tfmSv _Ôw h¶mÂ
(P·Krlw) PoÀ®w þ P·-Krlw PoÀ®mhØbnepÅXmbn-cn-¡pw.
Acnbpt` þ (\memw`mhm[n]Xn)i{Xp¡tfmSpIqSn\n¶mÂ
tKm£nXnhml\mZywþ ]ip¡fpw `qanbpw hml\§fpsams¡
]sscÀlrXwþ hÃhcpw sImpt]mIpw.

A©mw`mhm[n]sâ ØnXn A\p-k-cn-¨pÅ ^e-§Ä

(15)
kuayÀ£mwti kuaybptà ]©ta hm XZoiztc
sshtijnImwti kZv`mth [oam¶njvI]So `thXv

]©ta þ A©mw-`mhw
kuayÀ£mwti þ ip-`-{K-l-¯nsâ cmin-tbm
kuaybptà þ ip`AwiItam
kuaybptà þ ip`t\mSpIqSntbm BhpI;
 [382]

hm þ AsÃ-¦nÂ
XZoiztc þ A©mw`mhm[n]³
sshtijnImwti þ sshtijnImwi¯nepw*
kZv`mth þ ip``mh§fnepw -\n¡pItbm
sNbvXmÂ
[oam³ \njvI]So `thXvþ_p²nimenbpw I]SanÃm¯h\pw
Bbn `hn¡pw.
* ^e-Zo-]nI aq¶mw A²ymbw Ggmw-tÇm-I-¯n ]d-bp¶ D¯-amwiw
XpS-§n-b-h-bmWv sshti-jn-Imw-i-§Ä.

Bdmw`mhm[n]sâ ØnXn A\p-k-cn-¨pÅ ^e-§Ä

(16)
ØnXnx ]m]m\mw hm ZznjZn _ebpàmcn]Xn\m
bptXm hm ZrjvtSm hm bZn cn]p{Ktl hm
Acoix tIt{µ hm]yip`JKkwho£nXbptX
cn]qWmw ]oUmw {ZmKv`ria]cnlcymw hnX\ptX.
(17)
jjvtTizcmZXn_en\ypZbm[n\mtY
kuay{KlmwiklntX ip`ZrjvSnbptà
kutJyiztc f ]n k_te bZn tI{µtImtWþ
jzmtcmKy`mKyklntXm ZrVKm{Xbpàx.
(18)
i{Xp\mtY Xp ZpxØmt\ \oNaqVmcnkwbptX
XkvamZv_emtVy etáti i{Xp\miw cn]u(1) ipt`.
]mTt`Zw: (1) chu ipt` þ H¼-Xn kqcy³
(19)
bZv`mthibptXm sshcn\mtYm bZv`mhkw{inXx
jjvTØntXm bZv`mthix kvtX `mhmip`Xmwbbpx.

]m]m\mw ZznjZn ØnXnxþ Bdn ]m]{Kl§Ä \n¡pI

X\p]Xnx _ebpà Acn]Xn\m bptXm ZrjvtSmþeám[n]\p
_ehm\mb Bdmw`mhm[n]sâ tbmKtam ZrjvSntbm DmhpI,
.cn]p{Ktl X\p]Xnx þ eám[n]³ Bdn \n¡pI,
Acoix tIt{µ þ Bdmw`mhm[n]³ tI{µ¯n \n¡pI
 [383]

Aip` JK ho£nX bptXm þ Bdmw`mhm[n]\v ]m]{Kl§fpsS

ZrjvSntbm tbmKtam DmhpI Ch-sb-Ãmw-Xs¶
cn]qWmw ]oUmw {ZmKv`ria]cnlmcymw þ ]cn-lm-c-an-ÃmsX
F¡m-
ehpw XpS-cp¶ i{Xp-i-eys¯ kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p.

DZbm[n\mtY eám[n]³
jjvtTizcmXv AXn_en\n Bdmw`mhm[n]t\¡mÄ
_eapÅh\mbncn¡pI
kuay{KlmwiklntX þ ip`{Kl§fpsS cminbn Awin¡pI
ip`ZrjvSnbptà þ ip`{Kl§fpsS ZrjvSntbm tbmKtam
DmhpI
.kutJyiztc k_te þ \memw`mhm[n]³ _ehm\mbn
tI{µtImtWjp þ tI{µ¯ntem {XntImW¯ntem
\n¡pI, F¦nÂ
BtcmKy`mKyklntXm ZrVKm{Xbpàx.þ BtcmKyw, `mKyw,
ZrVKm{Xw
Ch-bp-Å-h\mbncn¡pw
i{Xp\mtY ZpxØmt\ þ Bdmw`mhm[n]\p ZpØm\ØnXn,
\oNaqVmcnkwbptXþ \oNw, auVyw, i{Xp{KltbmKw
(XpS-§nb _e-¡p-d-hp-IÄ) DmhpI
XkvamXv _emtVy etáti þ etái\v Bdmw `mhm[n]t\¡mÄ
_eapm-hpI
cn]uipt` þ B-dn ip`·mÀ \n¡pI
i{Xp\miw þ Ch i{Xp-\m-is¯ kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p.
bZv`mthibptXm sshcn\mtYm þ Bdmw`mhm[n]sâ IqsS \n¡p¶
{Klhpw (B {Kl¯n\v B[n]-Xy-apÅ `mh-hpw)
bZv`mhkw{inXx þ Bdmw`mhm[n]³ \n¡p¶ B
`mhhpw
jjvTØntXm XZv`mthix þ Bdmw`mh¯n \n¡p¶p {Klhpw
(A-Xnsâ `mh-hpw)
tX `mhmip`Xmw bbpx. þAip`s¯ {]m]n¡p¶p. (ZpÀº-e-am-Ip-¶p.)

Bdmw-`mhw ZpØm-\-am-b-Xn-\m AXp-amtbm AXnsâ

`mhm-[n-]-\p-amtbm DÅ _Ôw aäp `mh-§-tfbpw Ahbp-ambn _Ôs¸«
{Kl-§-tfbpw Aip-`-I-c-am-¡p¶p F¶p Npcp-¡w.
 [384]

Ggmw`mhm[n]sâ ØnXn A\p-k-cn-¨pÅ ^e-§Ä

(20)
kXv kw_ÔbptX k]vXÀt£ XZoti _em\zntX
]Xn ]p{XhXo km[zo `mcym kÀhKpssWÀhyXm.

kXv kw_ÔbptX k]vXÀ£ þ Ggmw`mhw ip`{Klt¯msSbpw

XZoti _em\zntX þ Ggmw`mhm[n]³ _ehm\mbpw
Ccp¶mÂ
]Xn ]p{XhXo km[zo `mcym þ `mcy ]Xn{hXbpw ]p{XcpÅhfpw
kÀhKpssWÀhyXm. þ kÀhKpW k¼¶bpambncn¡pw.

F«mw`mhm[n]sâ ØnXn A\p-k-cn-¨pÅ ^e-§Ä

(21)
tI{µmZ\y{X ct{Ôti etáim±pÀ_te kXn
hym[nÀ¶ hnLv\w \ t¢iw \rWmambpÝncw `thXv.

tI{µmZ\y{X ct{Ôti þ F«mw`mhm[n]³ tI{µ§sfmgn¨pÅ

Øm\§fn \n¡pI;
etáimx ZpÀ_te kXnþ F«mw`mhm[n]\v eám[n]t\¡mÄ _ew
Ipdªncn¡pI; F¦nÂ
hym[nx \ hnLv\w \ t¢iwþ hym[nbpw hnLv\hpw t¢ihpw
DmInÃ.
\rWmambpÝncw `thXv þ a\pjy\p ZoÀLmbpÊv Dm-hp-I-bpw
sN¿pw

.
H¼Xmw`mhm[n]sâ ØnXn A\p-k-cn-¨pÅ ^e-§Ä

(22 – 26)
[Àta IptP hm kqtcy hm ZptØ X¶mbtI kXn
]m]a²yKtX hm f]n ]nXracWmamZntiXv.
 [385]

Znhm kqtcy \nim atµ kptØ ip`\nco£ntX

[Àtati _ekwbptà Nncw Po]Xn XXv]nXm.

i\nÀ`mKym[n]x kymt¨¨-ctØm ipt`-£nXx

kqtcym ZpØm-\-tK f -]y-\y - f]n-Xcw lyp]-Po-h-Xn.
aµmctbmx ioXcpNu N kqtcym
{XntImWtK XÖ\\o ]nXr`ymw
Xytàm `thÑ{I]ptcmlntX\
ZrjvtS X\qtP0 f kvXn kpJo Nncmbpx
[Àta XZoti hm aµbptà ZrjvtS f ]n hm Ntc
PmtXm Zt¯m `th¶q\w hytbti _eimen\n.

[Àta IptP hm kqtcy þ H¼Xn IpPt\m kqcyt\m

\n¡pItbm
hm ZptØ X¶mbtI kXn þ H¼Xmw`mhm[n]Xn ZpØm\¯p
{6-þ8-þ12)
\n¡pItbm
]m]a²yKtX hmþ H¼Xmw`mhm[n]Xn¡p ]m]a²yØnXn
hcpItbm (sNbvXmÂ)
]nXracWw BZntiXv .þ ]nXracWw ]dbWw.

Znhm kqtcy \nim atµ þ ]I P\\¯n kqcy\pw

cm{XnP\\¯n i\nbpw
kptØ ip`\nco£ntXþ ip`Øm\§fn ip`ZrjvSntbmsS
\n¡pIbpw
[Àtati _ekwbptà þ H¼Xmw`mhm[n]\p _eap-
mbncn¡pIbpwsNbvXmÂ
Nncw Po]Xn XXv]nXm. PmXIsâ ]nXmhn\p
ZoÀLmbpÊpmIpw

i\n `mKym[n]xNctØmþ i\nH¼Xmw`mhm[n]\mbn

NccminbnÂ,
\ ipt`£nXx þ ip`ZrjvSnbnÃmsX \n¡pI
kqtcym ZpxØm\tK þ kqcy³ ZpØm\¯p \n¡pI
A\y]nXcwlnD]PohXnþ F¦nÂ, A\y]nXmhns\
 [386]

B{ibnt¡nhcpw.

ioXcpNu N kqtcymþ N{\pw kqcy\pw

aµmctbmx XntImWtK þ i\nIpP·mcpsS{XntImW¯nÂ
\n¶mÂ
XÖ\\o ]nXr`ymw Xytàm `thXv þ amXm]nXm¡fmÂ
Dt]£n¡s¸Spw.
i{I]ptcmlntX\ ZrjvtS þ hymgZrjvSnbps¦nÂ
X\qP kpJo Nncmbpx AkvXn þ B ]p{X³ kpJnbmbpw
ZoÀLmbpÊmbpw Pohn¡pw

5[Àt½ XZoti hm aµbptà þ H¼Xmw`mh¯ntem H¼-Xmw-`m-hm-

[n-]-sâ- IqsStbm i\n- \n¡pI
ZrjvtS]n hm þ AsÃ-¦n Ah i\nbm t\m¡¸SpI
Ntc þ H¼Xmw`mhw NccminbmhpI
hytbti _eimen\n. þ ]{´mw`mhm[n]Xn
_ehm\mbncn¡pI , F¦nÂ
PmtXm Zt¯m `thXv \q\wþ PmX-I³ Z¯p]p{X\mIpw.

]¯mw`mhm[n]sâ ØnXn A\p-k-cn-¨pÅ ^e-§Ä

(27)
\`kn ip`JtKm hm XXv]Xu tIµtImtW
_en\n \nP{Ktlmt¨ IÀatK eát] hm
alnX]rYpbimx kym²À½IÀ½(1) {]hr¯nÀþ
\r]XnkZri`mKyw ZoÀLambpÝ Xky.
]mT-t`Zw : hr¯
(28)
DuÀPkzo P\hÃt`m ZiatK kqtcy IptP hm alXv
Imcyw km[bXn {]Xm]_lpew tJiÝ kptØm bZn
khvym]mchXow {Inbmw hnX\ptX kutayjp kNvÇmLnXmw
IÀatØjzlnaµtIXpjp `thZpjvIÀaImco \cx.

\`kn ip`JtKm hm þ ]¯n ip`{Kl§Ä \n¡pI

XXv]Xu þ ]¯mw`mhm[n]³
tI{µtImtW þ tI{µ¯ntem {XntImW¯ntem
\nP{Ktlmt¨ þ kzt£{X¯ntem D¨¯ntem
 [387]

_en\n þ _ehm\mbn \n¡pI

IÀatK eát] hm þ eám[n]³ ]¯n \n¡pI
AXm-b-Xv, ]¯mw-`m-h-¯n ip`{Kl-Øn-Xnbpw eám-
[n-]ØnXnbpw
]¯mw-`m-hm[n-]\p {Kl-_ehpw Ds-¦nÂ
alnX]rYpbimx þ PmXI³ hfsc bitÊmsS
kymXv [À½IÀ½{]hr¯nÀþ [mÀ½nI{]hÀ¯nIÄ sNbvXv
\r]XnkZri`mKyw þ cmPmhns\t¸mse `mKyhpw
ZoÀLambpx N Xky.þ ZoÀLmbpÊpw DÅh\mbn Pohn¡pw

ZiatK kqtcy IptP hmþ ]¯n kqcy³ AsÃ-¦n IpP³

\n¶mÂ
DuÀPkzo P\hÃt`m þ ià-\mb `c-Wm-[n-Im-cnbmIpw,
alXvImcyw km[bXn þ henb Imcy§Ä km[n¡pw.
tJiÝ kptØm bZnþ ]¯mw`mhm[n]³ kpØ\msW¦nÂ
{]Xm]_lpew {]Xm]nbmIpw.
kutayjpþ ip`-{K-l-§Ä \n¶mÂ
kZvhym]mchXow {Inbmw ip`IÀ½§Ä sN¿p¶h\pw
kXv ÇmLnXmw þ k¯p¡fmÂ
ÇmLn¡¸Sp¶h\pamIpw.

Aln aµ tIXpjp IÀatØjpþ]¯n i\ntbm cmlp-tI-Xp-¡tfm

\n¶mÂ
`th ZpjvIÀ½Imco \cx. þZpjvIÀ½§Ä sN¿p¶h\mIpw.

]Xns\m¶mw`mhm[n]sâ ØnXn A\p-k-cn-¨pÅ ^e-§Ä

(29)
emt`ti bZv`mh\mYbptàm bZv`mhtK f]n hm
em`w(1) XZ\pcq]ky hkvXpt\m em`ssKc]n.
]mTt`Zw: `mhw

emt`ti bZv`mh\mYbptàþ emt`i³ GXp `mh\mYsâ IqsS

\n¡p¶pthm
 [388]

bZv`mhtK]n hm emt`i³ GXp `mh¯n \n¡p¶pthm

em`ssKc]n.þ em`¯n GsXÃmw {Kl§Ä \n¡p¶pthm
XZ\pcq]ky hkvXpt\mþ AXn\\pkcn¨pÅ hkvXp¡fpsS
em`apmIpw.

]Xn-s\m-¶mw-`m-hhpw ]Xn-s\m¶mw`mhm-[n-]-\p-ambn _Ô-apÅ

{Kl-§fpw `mh-§fpw em`-¯n-sâ, hcp-am-\-¯nsâ, hgn-IÄ kqNn-¸n-
¡p-¶p.

]{´mw`mhm[n]sâ
ØnXn A\p-k-cn-¨pÅ ^e-§Ä

(30)
hybØntXm bZv`mthtim hytbtim b{X XnjvTXn
Xky `mhkym\pcq]hkvXpt\m \miamZntiXv.

hybØntXm bZv`mthtim þ ]{´n \n¡p¶ `mhm-[n-]\pw

hytbtim b{X XnjvTXnþ ]{´mw `mhm[n]³ \n¡p¶
`mhhpw A\pkcn¨v
Xky `mhky A\pcq]hkvXpt\m þ B `mh¯n\v A\pcq]amb
hkvXp¡fpsS
\miamZntiXv. \miw ]dbWw.
]{µn \n¡p¶ {Kl-¯n\v B[n-]-Xy-apÅ `mhhpw ]{´mw `mhm-[n-]³
\n¡p¶ `mhhpw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xm-bn-cn¡pw \mi-¯n-sâ, Nne-hnsâ,
hgn-IÄ.

`mhkn²nImew

(31)
`mthiØnX`mwitImWa]n hm `mhw Xp hm eát]m
etáiØnX`mwitImWapZbw hm bmXn `mhm[n]x
kwtbmtK f]n hntemIt\ f]n N XtbmkvXÛmhkn²nw XZm
{_qbmXv ImcItbmKXkvX\p]tXÀÃám¨ N{µmZ]n.

`mthi ØnX þ- `mh\mY³ \n¡p¶

 [389]

`mwi cminbptStbm AwiI¯ntâtbm

tImWa]n hm þ {XntImW¯ntem
`mhw þ `mh¯ntem
eát]m þ eám[n]³ hcp¶ kabt¯m
etáiØnX þ eám[n]³ \n¡p¶
`mwi þ cminbptStbm AwiI¯nsâtbm
tImWw þ {XntImW¯ntem
DZbw þ eá¯ntem
bmXn `mhm[n]x þ `mh\mY³ hcp¶ kabt¯m
Xtbm cp t]cpw
(e-ám-[n-]\pw `mh-\m-Y-\pw) X½nÂ
hntemIt\]n N þ tbmK-tam ZrjvSntbm hcp¶ ka-b¯pw
XXv `mhkn²nw XZm þ `mh-kn-²n-bp-mIpw.

ImcItbmKXxX\p]tXxþ `mh-Im-c-I\pw eám-[n-]\pw X½nÂ

_Ôw hcp-¶-X-\p-k-cn¨pw (Im-c-I³ tKmN-c-¯n eám-[n-]³
\n¡p¶ `mh-¯n hcp-t¼mgpw) `mh-kn-²n-bp-mIpw.
{_qbmXv eámXv N N{µmZ]n.þ eámepw N{µmepw ]d-b-Ww.
(CXp Nn-´n-¡-Ww.)

(32)
bZv`mthiØnXÀ£mwi{XntImWtØ KpcpÀ bZm
tKmNtc Xky `mhky ^e{]m]vXnw hn\n˱tiXv.

bXv `mthi ØnXx þ `mthi³ \n¡p¶

E£mwi {XntImWtØm þ cminbptStbm
AwiI¯ntâtbm {XntImW¯nÂ
Kpcpx bZm tKmNtc hymgw Nmchim hcpt¼mÄ
Xky `mhky ^e{]m]vXnw hn\nÀ±tiXv þB `mh¯nsâ ^e{]m]vXn
]d-b-Ww.

(33)
eámcn\mYtbmtK Xp etáim±pÀºte chu
XZm XZziKx i{XpÀhn]coXatXm f \yYm.

eámcn\mYtbmtKm Xp þ eám[n]\pw Bdmw-`m-hm-[n]\pw X½nÂ

 [390]

(tKmN-c-¯nÂ) tbmKapmhpIbpw
etáim±pÀºte chuþ chnbv¡p eám[n]t\¡mÄ _ew
Ipdªncn¡pIbpw sNbvXmÂ
XZm XZziKx i{Xpþ i{Xp¡Ä PmXIsâ A[o\XbnemIpw.
hn]coXatXmf\yYm. hn]coXambm PmXI³ ]cm[o\XbnepamIpw.

(34)
bZv`mh]ky X\p]ky `hXycnXzw
XXvImei{XphitXm f cnarXnkvYnXnÀhm
kv]À²mw XZm hZXp tX\ N tKmNcØþ
kvXZzXv kplrXza]n kwbpXnssa{XXÝ.

bZv`mh]ky X\p]ky `hXn AcnXzw XXvImei{XphiXx þ `mhm[n]\pw

eám[n]\pw (tKmN-c-¯nÂ) XXvImei{Xp¡fmIpI
AcnarXnkvYnXnÀhm þ AÃ-¦n (]ckv]cw) 6þ8 `mh§fnÂ
hcpI
kv]À²mw XZm hZXp tX\ N þF¦n B `mh-kw-_-Ô-ambn
hg¡pmIpsa¶p ]dbWw.
tKmNcÚkvXZzXv kplrXza]n kwbpXn ssa{XXx N. þ
ChcpsSkwtbmKhpw (XXvIme) ssa{Xnbpw aqew kulrZhpw
`hn¡pw.

(35)
etáibZv`mh]tbmkvXp tbmtKm
bZm XZm XXv^ekn²nImex
`mthihotcy ip`a\yYm\yþ
Ãám¨ N{µmZ]n Nn´\obw.

etái bXv `mh]tbmx tbmtKm þ

etái\pw `mhm[n]\pw X½n (NmchimXv) tbmKapmIpt¼mÄ
bZm XZm XXv^ekn²nImex þ B `mh¯nsâ ^ew e`n¡pw
`mthi hotcy ip`w, A\yYm\y þ
`mthi\p _eaps¦n ip`^ew. Csæn Aip`^ew.
eámXv N N{µmXv A]n Nn´\obw. þ
eámepw N{µmepw CXp Nn´n¡Ww.
 [391]

A²ymbw 17 þ \ncymW{]IcWw
(1)
X¯Zv`mhmZjvStaiØnXmwti XXv{XntImWtK
hytbiØnX`mwti hm atµ XZv`mh\mi\w.

`mh\miw hcp-¶-sX-t¸mÄ
X¯Xv `mhmXv þ GsXmcp `mh-¯n-sâbpw
AjvStaiØnXmwtiþ (AXnsâ) F«mw`mhm[n]³ \n¡p¶
cmin-bntem, Awi-I-¯ntem
XXv {XntImWtK þ {XntImW¯ntem
hm þ AsænÂ
hytbi ØnX `mwti þ ]{´mw`mhm[n]³ \n¡p¶
cmin-bntem, Awi-I-¯ntem (Ah-bpsS
{XntImW¯ntem)
atµ þ i\n -tKm-N-c-¯n hcp-t¼mÄ
XZv`mh\mi\w þ B `mh¯n\p \miapmIpw
(B `mh-s¯sIm-pÅ KpW-sam¶pw Dm-hp-I-bn-Ã.)
{]Xn-]m-Z-\-co-Xn-sImpw DÅ-S-¡w-sImpw Cu tÇmIw Ignª A²ym-
b-¯nse 31, 32 tÇmI-§-fpsS coXnbnepÅXmbXp-sImv AtX hn[-¯n-
emWv ChnsS AÀ°w ]d-ªn-«p-Å-Xpw.

(2)
ct{Ôtim KpfntIm aµx Jct{Z¡mWt]m f ]n hm
b{X XnjvTXn XZv`mwi{XntImtW chntP arXnx
i\n acWw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-sX-t¸mÄ
 [392]

ct{Ôtim þ AjvSam[n]Xn
KpfntIm þ KpfnI³
aµx þ i\n
Jct{Z¡mW] A]n hm þ Ccp]¯ncmw t{Z¡mWm[n]³
b{X XnjvTXn þ ChÀ FhnsS \n¡p¶pthm
XZv`mwi{XntImtW þ B cminbntem AwiI¯ntem
Ah-bpsS {XntImW¯ntem
chntP þ i\n hcp¶ kab¯p
arXnx acWapmIpw.

(3)
DZyZvZrKmW\mYky XYm c{Ôm[n]ky N
c{Ôt{Z¡mW]kym]n `mwitImtW Kpcu arXn
(4)
kzkv^pSZzmZimwti hm ct{ÔiØ \hmwitI
etáiØ\hmwti (1) hm X{¯ntImtW f ]n hm arXnx.
]mT-t`Zw : etáiØ\hmwtiÀtI

hymgw acWw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-sX-t¸mÄ

DZyXv ZrKmW\mYky þ eát{Z¡mW¯nâ \mYtâtbm
XYm c{Ôm[n]ky N þ AjvSam[n]tâtbm
c{Ôt{Z¡mW]kym]n þ Ccp-]-¯n-c-mw-t{Z-¡m-W-\mY-
tâtbm
`mwitImtW Kpcu arXnx. cminbntem AwiI¯ntem ChbpsS
{XntImW§fntem
kzkv^pSZzmZimwti þ hymg¯nsâ ZzmZimw¯ntem
ct{ÔiØ \hmwitI þ Ajvam[n]sâ \hmwi¯ntem
etáiØ\hmwti hm þ eám[n]sâ \hmwi¯ntem
X{¯ntImtW f]n hm arXnx.þ ChbpsS {XntImW§fntem
Kpcu arXnx. hymgw hcp¶ Ime¯v acWapmIpw.

N{µ³ acWw kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-sX-t¸mÄ

(5)
c{Ô{]t`mÀhm `mt\mÀhm `mwitImWw KtX hn[u
arXnw htZÕÀhtaXÃámXv¨{µmXv N Nn´tbXv
 [393]

c{Ô{]t`m hm þ AjvSam[n]sâtbm
`mt\zmÀhm þ kqcytâtbm
`mwitImWw þ cminbntem AwiI¯ntem
{XntImW¯ntem
KtX hn[u þ N{µ³ hcp¶ kab¯p
arXnw htZXv kÀhtaXXv. þ acWapmIpw
eámXv N{µmXv N Nn´tbXv þ CXp eáwsImpw
N{µs\s¡mpwNn´n¡Ww.

(6)
etái lo\ baII`mwitImWw
]m]vtX f Yhm i\nhnlo\ lnamwip`mwiw
bmtX Kpcu kzacWw XzY cmlplo\þ
`qkq\p`mwiIKpcu klP{]Wmix.

kza-c-Whpw ktlm-Z-c-a-c-Whpw
etáilo\ baII þ baIIkv^pS¯nÂ\n¶pw (26:3)
eám-[n]kv^pSw-
`mwitImWw {]m]vtX þ Ipd¨m In«p¶ cminbntem
AwiI¯ntem Ah-bpsS {XntImW§fntem,
Ayhm þ AsÃ-¦nÂ
i\nhnlo\ lnamwi þ N{µ-kv^p-S-¯nÂ\n¶pw i\nkv^pSw Ipd¨mÂ
In«p¶ cminbntem AwiI¯ntem Ah-bpsS {XntImW§fntem
bmtX Kpcu kzacWwþ Kpcp hcp¶ kab¯v PmXIsâ acWw kw`hn¡pw.

cmlplo\ `qkq\p`mwiIKpcu þ IpP-kv^pS¯nÂ\n¶pw cmlp

kv^pSw Ipd¨m In«p¶ cminbntem AwiI¯ntem Ah-bpsS
{XntImW§fntem, Kpcp hcpt¼mÄ
klP{]Wmix. þ ktlmZc³ acn¡pw

(7)
`mt\mx IIhÀPnXky `h\mwþ
ti hm {XntImtW Kpcu
XmtXm \iyXn ItIm\ KpfnIÀþ
£mwi{XntImtW i\u
 [394]

AÀt¡mt\µpKrlmwitImWKKpcu
Nt{µm\aµmßPþ
t£t{Xw f ti f ]yYhm {XntImWKrltK
atµ P\\ym arXnx.

AÑsâ acWw
`m\u IIhÀPnX þ kqcykv^pS-¯nÂ\n¶pw baIIkv^pSw
Ipd¨m hcp¶
`h\mwti hm {XntImtW þ cminbntem AwiI¯ntem AhbpsS
{XntImW§fntem
Kpcu þ hymgw hcp¶ kab¯v
XmtXm \iyXn þ Aѳ acn¡pw
ItIm\ KpfnI þ KpfnIkv^pS-¯nÂ\n¶pw ba-I-Ikv^pSw Ipd-
¨m In«p¶ cminbntem AwiI¯ntem
AhbpsS {XntImW§fntem
i\u þ i\n hcpt¼mgpw Aѳ acn¡pw.

A½bpsS acWw

.AÀt¡mt\µp þ N{µkv^pS¯nÂ\n¶pw kqcykv^pSw

Ipd-¨m In«p¶
KrlmwitImWK þ cminbntem AwiI¯ntem AhbpsS
{XntImW§fntem
Kpcu þ hymgw hcp-t¼mgpw
Nt{µm\aµmßP þ cmlpkv^pS¯nÂ\n¶pw
N{µkv^pSw Ipd-¨m In«p¶
t£t{X Awti þ cminbntem AwiI¯ntem AYhm
{XntImWKrltK þ AhbpsS {XntImW§fntem
atµ þ i\n hcp-t¼gpw
P\\ym arXnx. þ amXmhp acn-¡pw.

Cu tÇmI-¯nsâ hymJym-\-§-fn henb Bi-b-¡p-g¸w ImWp-¶p-v.

GXv GXnÂ\n¶pw Ipd-bv¡-W-sa-¶-XmWv {][m-\{]-iv\w. ChnsS
]dªXnsâ t\sc hn]coXamWv Cw¥ojv hymJym-\-§-fn ImWp-¶-Xv.
 [395]

ba-I--I-kv^p-Shpw Kpfn-I-kv^p-Shpw H¶n¨p Iq«-W-sa-¶mWv cp

ae-bm-f-hym-Jym-\-§fnepw ImWp¶Xv. IIDu\ sh¨p \mw Ipd-bv¡p-
I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv.
cmlp kv^pS¯nÂ\n¶pw N{µkv^pSw Ipd-bv¡-W-sa-¶Xn\v Hcp ]Xn-
¸n ImWp-¶Xv, N{µkv^pS¯nÂ\n¶pw hymg-kv^pSw Ipdbv¡W-
sa¶mWv.
]p{X\miw
(8)
htZXv {]Xyc\£{X\mYm¨ baIIw
Xyàym XZv`ht\ tImtW Kpcu ]p{Xhn\mi\w.

v{]Xyc\£{X\mYmXv þ{]Xyc\£{Xm[n-]-kv^p-S-¯nÂ\n¶pw
baIIw Xyàym þbaIIkv^pSw Ipd¨m In«p¶
XZv`ht\ tImtW þcminbntem(AwiI¯ntem) AhbpsS
{XntImW§fntem
Kpcu þ hymgw hcp-t¼Ä
]p{Xhn\mi\w htZXv þ ]p{Xsâ acWw kw`-hn-¡p-sa¶p ]d-b-Ww.

{]Xyc\£{Xw = P·-\-£-{X-¯nÂ\n¶pw A©mas¯ \£-{Xw.

\£-{X\m-Y³ = AizXn aIw aqew tIXp 7 F¶ ]«n-I-{]-Imcw hcp-¶
Zim-\m-Y-·mÀ Xs¶bmWv \£-{X-\m-Y-·mÀ.

(9)
eámÀ¡amµnkv^pStbmKcmtiþ
c[oiztcm bZv`ht\m]KkvXp
X{ZminkwtØ ]pcplqXhtµy
XXvtImWtK hm arXntaXn PmXx.

kz´w acWw
eá AÀ¡ amµn þ eáw, kqcy³, KpfnI³
kv^pS tbmK cmti A[oiztcm þ Cu aq¶p kv^pS§fpw Hcp-an¨p
Iq«nbm In«p¶ cminbpsS \mY³
bXv `h\ D]KkvXp þP\\kab¯v GXp cmin-bnÂ
\n¶ncp¶pthm
XXv cmin kwtØ þ B cminbntem
hm þ AsÃ-¦nÂ
 [396]

XXv tImWtK þ AXnsâ(Aw-i-I-¯n-tem) {XntImW¯ntem

]pcplqXhtµy þ hymgw hcpt¼mÄ
arXntaXn PmXx. þ PmXI\p acWw kw`hn¡mw.

(10)
amµnkv^ptS `m\pkpXw hntim[y
cmiywitImtW chntP arXnx kymXv
[qamZn ]©{Kl tbmKcminþ
t{Z¡mWbmtXÀ¡kptX N arXypx

amµnkv^ptS `m\pkpXw hntim[yþ

KpfnIkv^pS-¯nÂ\n¶pw i\nkv^pSw Ipd¨m In«p¶
cmiywitImtW þ cmin, AwiIw, {XntImWw ChbnÂ
chntP arXnx kymXv þ i\n hcp¶ kab¯p acWw DmIpw.
[qamZn]©{KltbmKcminþ [qamZn]©{Kl§fpsS (25-:1) kv^pS§sf
Hcpan¨p Iq«nbm In«p¶
t{Z¡mWbmtXÀ¡kptX N þ t{Z¡mW¯n i\n hcpt¼mgpw
arXypx þ PmXI³ acn¡mw.

`m\pkpXw F¶Xn\p cp aebmfw ]Xn¸pIfnepw BZnXysâ F¶

AÀ°amWv sImSp¯n«pÅXv.

(11)
hneáamµnkv^pStbmK`mwiw
\ncymWamkw {]hZ´n XÚmx
\ncymWNt{µm KpfntIµptbmtKm
eáw hneámÀ¡nkptXµptbmKw.

hneá amµn kv^pS tbmK `mwiwþ eákv^pShpw KpfnIk^pShpw

Iq«nbm In«p¶ cmintbm AwiItam, AXm-bX,v kqcy³ AhbnÂ
Nmc-him hcp¶ amkw, Bbncn¡pw \ncymWamkw {]hZ´n XÚmxþ
\ncymWamkw.
\ncymWNt{µmKpfntIµptbmtKmþ N{µkv^pShpw KpfnIkv^pShpw
Iq«nbm In«p¶ cminbn N{µ³ hcp¶Xmbncn¡pw \ncym-W-cmin
 [397]

eáw hneá AÀ¡nkpX CµptbmKw.þ eákv^pShpw KpfnIkv^pShpw

N{µ-kv^p-Shpw* Iq«nbm In«p¶Xmbn-cn¡pw \ncymWeáw
(*CXnse N-{µ-kv^p-Shpw F¶Xv ae-bm-f-hym-Jym-\-§-fnÂ
ImWp¶n-Ã.)

(12)
amµnkv^ptSmZnX\hmwiKtX f atctUy
X±zmZimwkklntX Zn\\mYkq\u
t{Z¡mWtImW`ht\ Zn\t] N arXpÀþ
ÃtáµpamµnbpXt`iKtXmZtb kymXv.

amµnkv^ptSmZnX\hmwiKtXatctUyþ
hymgw AXnsâ KpfnI\hmwi¯ntem
X±zmZimwiklntX Zn\\mYkq\uþ i\n KpfnIZzmZimwi¯ntem
t{Z¡mW tImW`ht\ Zn\t] N kqcy³ KpfnIt{Z¡mW¯ntem
AXnsâ {XntImW¯ntem
arXyp þ hcpt¼mgmbn-cn¡pw ac-Ww.
eá Cµp amµn bpXt`I þ eákv^pShpw N{µkv^pShpw
KpfnIkv^pShpw Iq«nbm In«p¶ cminbpsS \mY³
KX DZtb þ \n¡p¶ cminbpw \ncymWeá-
am-Imw.

(13)
KpfnIw chnkq\pw N KpWnXzm \hkwJybm
D`tbmsscIycmiywiKrltK chntP arXnx.

KpfnIw chnkq\pw N þ KpfnIs\bpw i\n-sbbpw *

KpWnXzm \hkwJytbm þ H¼XpsImp s]cp¡n
D`tbmsscIy þ cpw Iq«n-bm In«p¶
cmiywiKrltK cminbntem AwiIcminbntem
chntP þ i\n hcp¶ kab¯p
arXnx. acWw kw`hn¡mw.
 [398]

chn-kq\pw F¶-Xn\v Hcp aebmfw]Xn-¸n BZn-Xykv^pSw F¶

AÀ°-amWv sImSp-¯n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. cp-kv^p-S-§fpw Iq«n-bn«v
H¼-Xp-sImp KpWn-¡-W-sa-¶mWv ae-bm-f-hym-Jym-\-§Ä ]d-bp-
¶-Xv. D`tbm \n¡p¶ Øm\w sh¨p t\m¡p-t¼mÄ AXp icn-b-Ã.

(14)
kv^ptS hneá\mYky hntim[y baIIw
X{Zmin \h`mKtØ Poth arXypÀ \ kwibx.

kv^ptS hneá\mYky þeám[n]\nÂ\n¶pw

hntim[y baIIw -þbaIIs\ Ipd¨mÂ
XXv cmin \h`mKtØm þIn«p¶ cminbntem \hmwi¯ntem
Poth þ hymgw hcp¶ kab¯p
arXypx \ kwibx. acWw kw`hn¡pw.

(15)
jjvTmhkm\ct{Ôikv^pssSIy`h\w KtX
X{¯ntImtWm]tK hm f ]n atµ arXy`bw \rWmw.

jjvT Ahkm\ ct{Ôiþ 6þ12þ8 Cu `mhm[n]cpsS

kv^pssSIy`h\w KtX þkv^pS§Ä H¶n¨p Iq«nbm In«p¶
cminbntem
XXv {XntImtWm]tK hm]n þ AXnsâ {XntImW¯ntem (5, 9)
atµ þ i\n hcpt¼mÄ
arXy`bw \rWmw. a\p-jy\p acW`bw (a-c-Ww) DmIpw.

(16)
DZy±rKmW]Xn cminKtX kptctUy
Xky {XntImWa]n KÑXn hm hn\miw
c{Ô{Xn`mK]XnaµnctK f Y atµ
{]m]vtX {XntImWaYhmky hZ´n arXypw.

1DZy±rKmW]Xn cminKtX þeáw hcp¶ t{Z¡mW¯nsâ

A[n]Xn
cminKtX þ\n¡p¶ cmin-bntem
Xky {XntImWa]n þAXnsâ {XntIm-W-¯ntem
 [399]

kptctUy þhymgw
KÑXn þ(Nmc-h-imÂ) hcp-t¼mÄ
hn\miw þ acWw kw`-hn-¡pw.
c{Ô{Xn`mK]XnaµnctKþ AjvS-a-t{Z-¡m-W-]Xn*
\n¡p¶ cmin-bntem
{XntImWaY þ AXnsâ {XntIm-W-¯ntem
atµ þ i\n hcp-t¼mÄ
hZ´n arXypw þ acWw ]d-bp-¶p.

*AjvSat{Z¡mW¯n\v 1) F«m-as¯ t{Z¡m-W-sat¶m 2)

AjvSa`mhkv^pS-w hcp¶ t{Z¡m-W-sat¶m (3) AjvS-am-[n-]³ \n¡p¶
t{Z¡m-W-sat¶m Hs¡ AÀ°w ]d-bmw. ae-bm-f-hym-Jym-\-§Ä CXn-
s\-¸än H¶pw ]d-bp-¶n-Ã. Cw¥ojv hymJym-\-{]Imcw CXv AjvS-a-
`m-h-kv^pSw hcp¶ t{Z¡m-W-am-Wv. tcJmw-ikv^pS-§fpÅ eá-
¯n\pw {Kl-§Ä¡pw tlmc, t{Z¡m-Ww, \hmwiw XpS-§nb hÀ¤-§Ä
ImWp¶Xpt]mse `mh-§Ä¡p hÀ¤-§Ä ImWp¶ coXn km[m-c-W-a-Ã.
eám 22-þmw t{Z¡m-W-¯n\v Cu hnj-b-hp-ambn Hcp _Ô-ap-tÃm.
(17 :(2). B \nebv¡v AjvS-a-`m-h-kv^pSw hcp¶ t{Z¡mWw F¶
hymJym\w icn-bp-am-Wv.

(17)
hneáP·mjvSacmin\mYtbmx
Jc{Xn`mtKizctbmkvXtbmc]n
iim¦amtµymc]n ZpÀ_emwiI
{XntI0WtK kqcykptX arXnw `thX.v

hneá P·mjvSa cmin\mYtbmxþeámepw N{µmepw F«mw`mhm[n]³

Jc{Xn`mtKizctbmx Xtbmc]nþeámepw N{µmepw 22þw
t{Z¡mWm[n]³
iim¦ N{µ³
amµn Kpfn-I³
ZpÀ_e þ ChcnÂZpÀºe\mb {Kl-¯nsâ
AwiI {XntI0WtK þ \hmw-i-cm-in-bntem AXnsâ
{XntIm-W§fn-tem
kqcykptX þ i\n hcp-t¼mÄ
arXnw `thX.v þ acWw kw`-hn-¡pw.
 [400]

(18)
eám[n]ØnX\hmwiIcminXpeyw
c{Ôm[n]ky Krlam]XntX LtStix
Xkvan³ htZ·cWtbmKat\Iimkv{Xþ
kw£p®`n¶aXn`nx ]cnIoÀ¯nXw XXv.

eám[n]ØnX\hmwiIcminXpeywþ
eám-[n-]³ \n¡p¶ \hmw-i-cm-in¡p Xpey-amb Øm\¯v
c{Ôm[n]ky Krlam]XntX LtStix þ
F«mw-`m-hm-[n-]sâ cmin-bn i\n hcp-t¼mÄ
Xkvan³ htZXv acWtbmKwþ ac-W-tbm-K-am-sW¶v
kw£p®hn¶aXn`nx ]cnIoÀ¯nXw XXv.þÚm\n-IÄ ]d-ªn-«p-v.

(19)
iim¦kwbpàZrKmW]qÀhXx
Jc{Xn`mtKiKrlw KtX f ]n hm
{XntImWtK hm acWw icocnWmw
iin\yY kym¯\pc{Ôcnx^tK.

iim¦kwbpà ZrKmW N{µt{Z¡mW¯ntem

Jc{Xn`mtKiKrlw KtX A]n hm þ (N{µt{Z¡mW¯n \n¶pw)
Ccp]¯ncmw t{Z¡mWm[n]sâ cminbntem
{XntImWtK þAXnsâ {XntImW§fntem
X\pc{Ôcnx^tK. þ1þ8þ12 `mh§fntem
iin\n þN{µ³ hcpt¼mÄ
acWw icocnWmw þacWw DmIpw.

(20)
\n[t\izcKXcmiu `m\zmhnµu Xp `m\pKXcmiu
\n[\m[n]kwbptà \£t{X \nÀ±ntiXv acWw.

\n[t\izcKXcmiu`m\p kqcy³ AjvSam[n]Xn \n¡p¶

cminbntem
Cµu Xp`m\pKXcmiu þ N{µ³ kqcy³ \n¡p¶ cminbntem
\n[\m[n]kwbptà\£t{Xþ N{µ³ AjvSam[n]Xn \n¡p¶
 [401]

\£{X¯ntem hcp-t¼mÄ
\nÀ±ntiXv acWw. þ acWw ]d-b-Ww.

AjvSam-[n-]Xn \n¡p¶ cmin-bntem BZn-Xy-N-{µ-·m-

cntem BZn-Xy³ \n¡p¶ cmin-bntem AjvS-am-[n-]Xn tNcp¶ \£-{X-
¯n acWw kw`-hn¡pw F¶mWv sImÃw]Xn-¸nse hymJy-m\w.
sImSp-§-ÃqÀ ]Xn-¸n AXv AtX ]Sn ]IÀ¯n-sh-¨n-cn-¡p¶p!

(21)
tbm cminÀKpfntImt]Xx X{¯ntImWKtX i\u
acWw \ninPmXm\mw ZnhnPm\mw XZkvXtI.

acWw \ninPmXm\mw þ cm{Xn P\n-¨-h-cpsS acWw

tbm cminx KpfntImt]Xx þ (PmX-I-¯nÂ) Kpfn-I³
\n¡p¶ cmin GXmtWm
XXv {XntImWKtX i\u þ AXnsâ {XntIm-W-§fn i\n
(Nmc-h-imÂ) hcp-t¼mÄ kw`-hn-
¡pw.
ZnhnPm\mwþ ]IÂ P\n-¨-h-cpsS acWw
XZkvXtI þ Kpfn-I³ \n¡p¶ cmin-bpsS
Ggmwcminbn i\n hcpt¼mgmbn-cn-¡pw.

(22)
Kpcpcmlpkv^pssSIyky cminw bmtX Kpcu bZm
XZm Xp \n[\w hnZym{¯ntImWKtX f Yhm.

Kpcp cmlp kv^pssSIyky cminwþ hymgkv^pShpwcmlpkv^pShpw

Iq«nbm In«p¶ cminbntem
XXv {XntImWtK þ AXnsâ {XntImW§fntem
bmtX Kpcu þ hymgw hcpt¼mÄ
\n[\w þ acWw kw`hn¡pw.

(23)
AjvSaky {Xn`mKmwi]XnØnXKrlw i\u
XZoi\h`mKÀ£w KtX hm acWw `thXv.
 [402]

AjvSaky....þ
AjvSa¯nsâ (A-jvS-a-`m-h-kv^pSw hcp¶) t{Z¡mW¯nsâ
\hmwi¯nsâ \mY-\mb {Klw \n¡p¶ cminbntem
XZo-i... þAjvSam[n]sâ \hmwiw hcp¶
cminbntem
i\u þ i\n hcp¶ Ime¯p
acWw `thXv þ acWw kw`hn¡pw.

(24)
P·Imte i\u bky P·mjvSa]tXc]n
cmticwiIcmtiÀhm {XntImWtØ i\u arXnx

P·Imte i\u þ P\\ka-b¯p i\ntbm

P·mjvSa]tXc]n þ F«mw`mhm[n]Xntbm \n¶
cmti þ cminbntem
AwiIcmtiÀhm þ AwiIcminbntem Ah-bpsS {XntIm-
W-§-fntem i\n hcp¶ Ime¯v
arXnx þ acWw kw`hn¡pw.
i\nbpw AjvS-am-[n-]-\pw \n¶ cmin¡p ]pd-sa, Cw¥ojv hymJym-\-§-
fnÂ, P·w F¶ hm¡nsâ {]tXyIAÀ°w (P-·-cm-in) IW-¡n-se-Sp¯v, N{µ³
\n¶ cmin-bpsS A[n]-³ \n¶ cmin-IqSn ]d-bp-¶p-v.

(25)
ct{ÔizcmZymhXn t` amµnkvXmhXn t` XXx
i\ntÝ·cWw {_qbmZnXn kZvKpcp`mjnXw.

ct{ÔizcmZymhXn t` þ AjvSam[n]³ \n¡p¶ cminapXÂ

amµnkvXmhXn t` XXx þ KpfnI³ -\n¡p¶ cminhsc F{X
cminbptm Kpfn-I-\nÂ\n¶pw
A{Xmas¯ cminbnÂ
i\n tNXv acWw {_qbmXv þ i\n hcpt¼mÄ acWw ]d-bWw
CXn kZvKp-cp-`m-jnXw þ F¶v BNm-cy-·mÀ ]d-ªn-cn-
¡p-¶p.

(26)
P·Imeo\ `rKpPmXv Imai{Xphytb chu
 [403]

acWw \nÝnXw {_qbmZnXn kZvKpcp`mjnXw.

P·Imeo\ `rKpPmXv þ P\\ka-b¯p ip{I³ \n¶ cminbpsS

Imai{Xphytb chu þ 7þ6þ12 cminIfn kqcy³ hcpt¼mgpw
acWw \nÝnXw {_qbmXv þacWw ]d-bWw
kZvKpcp`mjnXw þ F¶v BNm-cy-·mÀ ]d-ªn-cn-¡p-¶p
.
(27)
XnjvT´yjvSacnx^jjvT]Xtbm
c{Ô{Xn`mtKiztcm
amµycyZv`ht\jp tXjz]n Krtl
jzmÀ¡oUykqtcyµhx
kÀth NmchimXv {]bm´n ln bZm
arXypkvXZm kym¶rWmw
tXjmawihimZzZ´p \n[\w
X¯Xv{XntImtW f]n hm.

AjvSa cnx^] jjvT]Xtbm þ 8þ12þ6 `mh§fpsS A[n]·mÀ

c{Ô{Xn`mtKiztcmþ AjvSat{Z¡mWm[n]Xn
(Ccp]¯ncmw t{Z¡Wm[n]³)
amµn þ Kpfn-I³
XnjvT´n /bZv`-h-t\jp tXjz]n þ F¶o {Kl-§Ä \n¡p¶
cminIfnepw
Awi-h-imXv þAwiIcminIfnepw
X¯Xv{XntImtW A]n hm. þAh-bpsS {XntImWcminIfnepw
AÀ¡n CuUy kqcy Cµh þi\n, hymgw,kqcy³, N{µ³
kÀth NmchimXv {]bm´n þChscÃmw tKmNchimÂ
hcpt¼mgpw
arXypkvXZm kym¶rWmw þacWw kw`hn¡pw

A²ymbw 18 þ Zzn{K-l-tbm-K^e§fpw
]{µ-s\ aäp {Kl-§Ä ZrjvSn-sN-bvXmep-Å ^e-§fpw aäpw
 [404]

tlmcm-im-kv{X-¯nse ]Xn-\memw A²ymb¯nepw (Zzn-{K-l-

tbm-K-{]-I-c-Ww), ]Xn-t\gmw A²ymb¯nepw (Zr-jvSn-{]-I-c-Ww)
hnh-cn-¨n-«pÅ hnj-b-§-fm Wv ^e-Zo-]nI Cu A²ym-b-¯n NÀ¨
sN¿p-¶-Xv.
tÇmIw 1þ5 : cp {Kl-§Ä Hcp cmin-bn \n¶m-epÅ ^e-§Ä. Cu
A©p tÇmI-§fpw tlmcm-imkv{Xw ]Xn-\memwA²ym-b-¯n \n¶p-
ap-Å-h-bm-Wv. A]qÀhw Nne hm¡p-IÄ¡p -am-{Xta amä-ap-Åq.
tÇmIw 6þ11 : taSw XpS-§nb ]{´p cmin-Ifn \n¡p¶ ]{µ-s\ aäp
{Kl-§Ä ZrjvSn- sN-bvXmep-Å ^e-§Ä. {]Xn-]m-Z-\-co-
Xnbpw tÇmI-§fpw tlmcm-imkv{X-¯nÂ\n-¶pw `n¶-am-Wv.
tÇmIw 12-þ15:. IpP³ XpS-§nb Ggp {Kl-§-fp-tSbpw Awi-§-
fn \n¡p¶ N{µ-s\ aäp {Kl-§Ä ZrjvSn-sN-bvXmep-Å ^e-§Ä.
tlmcm-imkv{Xw ]Xn-t\gmw A²ym-b-¯nse tÇmI-§Ä (5-þ8) Xs¶-
bm-Wv Ch.
tÇmIw 16: apI-fn ]dª Awi§Ä \hmw-i-§Ä Xs¶bmIp¶p.
tÇmIw 17: CjvS-I-jvS-^-e-§Ä.

Hcp cminbn cp
{Kl§Ä \n¶mepÅ ^ew
(1)
XnÜmwiqÀP\bXyptj (1) iklntXm b{{´mivaImcw \cw
`uta\mLcXw _pt[\ \n]pWw [oIoÀ¯nkuJym\znXw
{Iqcw hmIv]Xn\m\yImcy\ncXw ipt{IW cwKmbpss[Àvþ
e_v[kzw chntP\ [mXpIpiew `mÞ{]Imtcjp hm.
(1) ]mT-t`-Zw: P\-b-tY-µp-k-lntXm þ tlmcm.

kqcy\pw aäp {Kl§fpw

XnÜmwiqx DtjiklntXm þ kqcy\pw N{µ\pw tNÀ¶mÂ
b{´mivaImcw \cw þ b{´Imc³ :
b{´-§Ä Dm-¡p-Itbm D]-tbmKn¡p-Itbm sN¿p¶-h³
AivaImc³: Aivaw þ IÃv, I¸-Wn-¡m-ct\m, IÃn sIm¯p-]WnIÄ
sN¿p-¶-ht\m cXv\-§Ä an\p-¡p-¶ht\m BImw.
 [405]

`uta\ þ kqcy\pw IpP\pw

ALcXw þ ]m]IÀ½§Ä sN¿p-¶-h³
_pt[\ þ kqcy\pw _p[\pw
\n]pWw [o IoÀ¯n kuJyw þ kmaÀ°yw, _p²n, {]i-kvXn, kpJw
hmIv]Xn þ kqcy\pw hymghpw
{Iqcw A\yImcy\ncXw þ {Iqc³, A\ycpsS Imcy§fn \ncX³

ipt{IW þ kqcy\pw ip{I\pw

cwKmbpss[x e_v[kzw þ Ac§pw B-bp-[hpambn _Ô-s¸«
hcp-am-\-t¯m-Sp- Iq-Sn-b-h³

chntP\ þ kqcy\pw i\nbpw

[mXp Ipiew þ [mXp¡fp-amtbm tem-l-§-fp-am-tbm
_Ôs¸-« sXmgn-ep-I-fn kaÀ°³
`mÞ{]Imcwþ teml§fn ]m{X-§fpw aäpw
Dm¡p¶h³
(2)
IpSkv{XymkhIpw`]Wyainhw amXpx kh{Ix iio
kÚx {]{inXhmIyaÀ°\n]pWw ku`mKyIoÀXy\znXw
hn{Im´w IpeapJyaØncaXnw hnt¯izcw kmwKncm
hkv{XmWmw kknXx {IbmZnIpiew kmÀ¡nx ]p\À`qkpXw.

N{µ\pw aäp {Kl§fpw

kh{Ix iio þN{µ\pw IpP\pw
IpSw, kv{Xo Bkh Ipw` ]Wn þIqSw, kv{Xo, aZyw, IpSw Ch-bp-
ambn
_Ô-s¸« IS \S-¯p-¶-h³ / hym]mcw sN¿ph³
Ainhw amXpx þ amXmhn\v AawKfw / ZpJw Dm-¡p-¶-h³
kÚx þ N{µ\pw _p[\pw
{]{inXhmIyw þ hn\-b-t¯m-sS kwkm-cn-¡p-¶-h³
AÀ°\n]pWw þ km¼-¯n-I-Im-cy-§-fn kaÀ°³
ku`mKyIoÀ¯n A\znXwþ `mKyhpw IoÀ¯n-bp-ap-Å-h³.

kmwKncm þ kAwKncþ N{µ\pw Kpcphpw

hn{Im´w þ Io-g-S-¡p-¶-h³ / ]cm-{Ian
 [406]

IpeapJyw þ Ipe-]-Xn
ØncaXnw * þ Øn-c-_p²n
hnt¯izcw þ [\nI³.
* AØncaXn þ^eZo]nIbnepw tlmcmimkv{X¯nepw CXv AØncaXn
F¶p Xs¶bmWv.. F¶m a\Ênsâ ImcI\mb N{µ\v ip`\mb
hymghpambpÅ _Ôw Aip`^ew Dm¡ptam. AtX ka-bw, tlmcbv¡p
sXän F¶p ]d-bm\pw h¿.. .

kknXx þ N{µ\pw ip{I\pw

hkv{XmWmw {IbmZnIpiewþ hkv{Xhym]mc¯n kaÀ°³
kmÀ¡nx þ kAÀ¡n þ N{µ\pw i\nbpw
]p\À`qkpXw. þ ]p\ÀhnhmlnXbpsS ]p{X³
(3)
aqemZnkvt\lIqssSÀhyhlcXn hWnIv
_mlptbm²m kkutay
]pcy²y£x kPoth `hXn \c]Xnþ
{]m]vXhnt¯m ZzntPm hm
tKmt]m atÃm f Y Z£x ]cbphXnctXm
ZyqXIrXv kmkptctUy
ZpJmÀt¯m f kXykÔx kkhnXrX\tb
`qantP \nµnXÝ.

IpP\pw aäp {Kl§fpw

kkutay þ IpP\pw _p[\pw
aqemZn kvt\l IqssSx ...
hWnIv þthcv, F®, IqSw* XpS§nbh I¨hSw sN¿ph³
_mlptbm²m þ KpkvXn¡mc³
* IqSw : (18/2,3) IqS¯n\v i_vZXmcmhenbn sImSpapSn,
Im]Syw, Krlw, sIWn XpS§n 23 AÀ°§Ä sImSp¯n«p.v tlmcm FgpX
s¸«Xv 1500 hÀjw ap¼mWv. A¡mcywIqSn IW¡nseSpt¡Xpv.

kPoth þ IpP\pw Kpcphpw

]pcy²y£ þ \Kcm²y£³,
\c]Xn{]m]vXhnt¯mZzntPmhmþ Asæn cmPmhn \n¶pw
In«nb [\t¯mSpIqSnb {_mÒW³ **
 [407]

**ZzntPm : tlmcmhymJym\¯n “HcmfpsS ]p{X\pw asämcmfpsS

Z¯p]p{X\pw” (Asæn hfÀ¯paI\pw) F¶ AÀ°hpw sImSp ¯p
ImWp¶p. hymg¯n\p ]m]\mb IpPsâ _Ôw h¶XmWv ]
nXrKpWm\p`h¯n\v C§s\sbmcp am\w sImSp¯Xv. £{Xnb [\
{]Xm]apÅ {_mÒWs\¶ hymJym\hpw kµÀ`¯n\p tbmPn¡p
¶XpXs¶bmWv.

kAkptctUy -þ IpP\pw ip{I\pw

tKmt]m þ ]ip¡sf kwc£n¡p¶h³,
aó þ KpkvXn¡mc³
Z£³ þ kaÀ°³
]cbphXnctXm þ A\ykv{XoIfn Xev]c³
ZyqXIrXv þ NqXpIfn¡mc³
kkhnXrX\tb`qantP þ IpP\pw i\nbpw
ZpJmÀt¯m þ ZpJnX³
AkXykÔ þ kXykÔ\Ãm¯h³
\nµnXx N þ \nµnX³.
(4)
kutay cwKNtcm _rlkv]XnbptX
KoX{]ntbm \r¯hnþ
ZzmÜo `qKW]x kntX\ arZp\m
ambm]SpÀe¼Sx (1)
kZzntZym [\Zmchm³ _lpKpWx
ipt{IW bptà Kpcu
tÚbx iva{ipItcm f kntX\ LSIrXv
ÖmtXm (2) f ¶Imtcm f]n hm.

]mTt`Zw:(1)ewLIx(tlmcm) -þ
ewLIxþ Kpcphns\/ BNmc§sf ewLn¡p¶h³, [n¡mcn
(2) Zmtkm (tlmcm)

_p[\pw aäp {Kl§fpw

kutay _rlkv]XnbptX þ _p[\pw Kpcphpw
cwKNtcm þ Ac§n \r¯w, \mSIw apXembh
AhXcn¸n¡p¶h³
KoX{]ntbm þ Km\§Ä CjvSs¸Sp¶h³
 [408]

\r¯hnXv þ \À¯I³

kntX\ þ _p[\pw ip{I\pw

hmÜn þ hmÜn, {]`mjI³
`qKW]x þ `qhpSa, `cWm[nImcn

arZp\m þ _p[\pw i\nbpw

ambm]Spx þ I_fn¸n¡p¶h³,
e¼S³ þ hy`nNmcn.

hymghpw aäp {Kl§fpw

ipt{IW bptà Kpcu þ Kpcphpw ip{I\pw
kXv hntZym þ hnZymk¼¶³
[\Zmchm³ þ [\hpwZmc(Zm¼Xy)kpJhpapÅh³
_lpKpWx þ hfsc (\Ã) KpW§tfmSpIqSnbh³
(Zmc¯n\mWv _lpKpWw F¶ hymJym\hpapv.)
AkntX\ þ Kpcphpw i\nbpw
iva{ipItcm þ £pcI³,
LSIrXv þ IpSw (a¬]m{X§Ä) Dm¡p¶h³
Zmtkm þ the¡mc³
A¶Imtcm þ ASp¡f¡mc³.

(5)
AknXknXkamKta f Â]N£pÀþ
bphXnkam{ib (1) kw{]hr²hn¯x
`hXn N en]n ]pkvX(I)Nn{Xth¯m
IYnX^ssex ]ctXm hnIÂ]\obmx.(2)
]mTt`Zw: (1) bphXnP\m{ib þ tlmcm
(2) ]ctXm A]tc hnIÂ]ymx.þ tlmcm,

ip{I\pw i\nbpw
AknX knX kamKta þ i\nbpw ip{I\pw
AÂ]N£p þ ImgvNiàn Ipdhv
 [409]

bphXnkam{ibkw{]hr²hn¯x þ kv{XoklmbwsImv hÀ²n¨

[\t¯mSp IqSnbh³
`hXn N en]n ]pkvX(I)Nn{Xth¯m þ Fgp¯pIm³, Nn{XImc³

cne[nIw {Kl§fpsS tbmKw

IYnX^ssex ]ctXm hnIÂ]\obmx. þChnsS ]dbm¯h (cne[nIw {Kl§fpsS
tbmK^ew) CtX coXnbn Nn´n¨v AdnªpsImÅWw.

ZrjvSn^ew
(6)
`qt]m hnZzm³ `q]XnÀ`p]Xpeyx
Nt{µ tatj tamjtIm \nÀ²\Ý
\nkzx kvtXt\m temIamt\ym aloix
kzmVyx t{]jyÝm]n ZrjvtS IpPmssZyx (1)
(1)]mTt`Zw:kzmVyx t{]tjym KhyYmcmZnZrjvtS þ
sImSp§ÃqÀ ]Xn¸v.

taS¯n \n¡p¶ N{µ\v aäp {Kl§fpsS ZrjvSn h¶mÂ

IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n kqcy³
`qt]m hnZzm³ `q]Xn `p]Xpey tamjIm \nÀ²\
cmPmhv hnZzm³ cmPmhv cmPmhn\p Ių Zcn{Z³
ka³

CSh¯n \n¡p¶ N{µ\v aäp {Kl§fpsS ZrjvSn h¶mÂ

IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n kqcy³
\nkzx kvtX\ temIam\y aloix (kz)Bvy t{]jy
Zcn{Z³Ių _lpam\nX³ cmPmhv [\mVy³ `rXy³,

(7)
bpÜtØftbmPohn`q]Ú[rjvSmþ
Ýt{µ ZrjvtS X´phmtbm [\o N
kzÀ£ tbm[{]mÚkqcn£nXoim
temlmPothm t\{XtcmKo {ItaW.

anYp\¯n \n¡p¶ N{µ\v aäp {Kl§fpsS ZrjvSn h¶mÂ

 [410]

IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n kqcy³

AtbmPohn `q] Ú [rjvS X´phmb [\o
sImó cmPmhv Úm\n [oc³ s\bv¯p [\nI³
Imc³
IÀ¡SI¯n \n¡p¶ N{µ\v aäp {Kl§fpsS ZrjvSn h¶mÂ
IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n kpcy³
tbm[ {]mÚ kqcn £nXoi temlmPoh t\{XtcmKo
tbm²m hnZzm³ ]ÞnX³cmPmhv sImó t\
{XtcmKn

(8)
cmPm tPymXnÀhn²\mtVym \tct{µm
knwtl Nt{µ \m]nXx ]mÀ°nth{µx
Zt£m `q]x ssk\y]x I\yImbmw
\njvWmXx kymZv `qan\mYÝ `q]x.
Nn§¯n \n¡p¶ N{µ\v aäp {Kl§fpsS ZrjvSn h¶mÂ
IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n kpcy³
cmPm tPymXnÀhnXv [\mVy \tc{µ \m]nX ]mÀ°nth{µ
cmPmhv tPymXnj [\nI³ cmPmhv £pcI³ cmPmhv
]ÞnX³

I¶nbn \n¡p¶ N{µ\v aäp {Kl§fpsS ZrjvSn h¶mÂ

IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n kpcy³
Z£ `q] ssk\y] \njvWmX `qan\mY `q]
kaÀ°³ cmPmhv ssk\ym[n]³ kaÀ°³ cmPmhv cmPmhv

(9)
itTm \r]kvXuen\n cpIvaImc-þ
Ýt{µ hWnIv kymXv ]nip\x JeÝ
IotS \rt]m bpÜ]nXm (1) aloix
kymZzkv{XPoho hnIrXmwKhn¯x (2)
Xpem¯n \n¡p¶ N{µ\v aäp {Kl§fpsS ZrjvSn h¶mÂ
IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n kqcy³
iT \r] cpIvaImcx hWnIv ]nip\x Je
iT³ cmPmhv X«m³ I¨]Sw NXnb³ ZpjvS³
 [411]

hrÝnI¯n \n¡p¶ N{µ\v aäp {Kl§fpsS ZrjvSn h¶mÂ

IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n kqcy³
\rt]m bpÜ]nXm aloix hkv{XPohn hnIrXmwK \nkz
cmPmhv cmPmhv hkv{X hnIemwK³ Zcn{Z³
hym]mcw
AÀ°t`Zw : bpÜ]nXm -þ
1. Cc«¡p«nIfpsS Aѳ (Cw¥ojv hymJym\§Ä)
2. cp ]nXm¡fpÅh³ (aebmfw hymJym\§Ä)
]mTt`Z§Ä
hkv{XPohn þ i{XpPohn þ i{Xp¡sfs¡mp Pohn¡p¶h³
iva{ipPohn þ cPI³ (iva{ipPohn cPI\Ã, £pcI\mWv).
ip{I_ÔambXn\m hkv{Xw (2/6) BWv icnsb¶p tXm¶p¶p..

(10)
[qÀtXm lbmwtK kzP\w Pt\iw
\cuLam{inXy (1) iTx kZw`x
`qt]m \tc{ix £nXnt]m hn]Ýnþ
²\o Zcnt{Zm aItc lnamwssi.
(1) ]mTt`Zw : P\m{ibÝm]n

[\phn \n¡p¶ N{µ\v aäp {Kl§fpsS ZrjvSn h¶mÂ

IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n kqcy³
[qÀX (1) kzP\ (2) Pt\i \cuL. .(3) . iTx (4) kZw`x
[qÀ¯³ ….. cmPmhv … iT³

(1) [qÀ¯þ NXnb³, Ių, kq{Ximen, [qÀ¯Sn¡p¶h³ (i_vZ Xmcmhen)

(2) kzP\ þ kzP\§tfmSpIqSnbh\pw
(3) \cuLam{inXy/ P\m{ibÝm]n þ P\w B{ibn¡p¶h³ / P\s¯ B{ibn¡p¶h³
(N{µþKpcpþip{I_Ôw kÀÆip`abamsW¦nepw ip{I³ Kpcphnsâ
i{XphmWv; N{µ³ ip{Itâbpw.. B \yq\X sh¨p t\m¡pt¼mÄ cmas¯
AÀ°amWv icnsb¶p tXm¶p¶p.)
(4) iT³ þ imTyapÅh³, [qÀ¯³, NXnb³, a³, aSnb³ (i_vZXmcmhen)

aIc¯n \n¡p¶ N{µ\v aäp {Kl§fpsS ZrjvSn h¶mÂ

IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n kqcy³
`q] \tc{µx £nXn] hn]ÝnXv [\o Zcn{Z
 [412]

cmPmhv cmPmhv cmPmhv hnZzm³ [\nI³ Zcn{Z³

(11)
Ipwt` f \yZmc\ncXx £nXnt]m \tct{µm
thiym]XnÀ \r]htcm lnaKu \ram\yx
At´y f LIrXv ]SpaXnÀ\r]XnÝ hnZzm³
tZmssjIZrKvZpcnXIr¨ IpPmZn ZrjvtS.

Ipw`¯n \n¡p¶ N{µ\v aäp {Kl§fpsS ZrjvSn h¶mÂ

IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n kqcy³
A\yZmc\ncX £nXn] \tc{µ thiym]Xn \r]hc \ram\yx
]ckv{Xo cmPmhv cmPmhv thiybpsS cmPmh v
X¸c³ `À¯mhv
ao\¯n \n¡p¶ N{µ\v aäp {Kl§fpsS ZrjvSn h¶mÂ
IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n kqcy³
ALIrXv ]SpaXn \r]Xn hnZzm³ tZmssjIZrIv ZpcnXIrXv
]m]w _p²nam³ cmPmhv ]ÞnX³ tZmjwam{Xw
ZpcnXw
sN¿p¶h³ ImWp¶h³ sN¿p¶h³

IpP³ XpS-§nb Ggp {Kl-§-fp-tSbpw Awi-§-fn \n¡p¶

N{µ-s\ aäp {Kl-§Ä ZrjvSn-sN-bvXmep-Å
^e-§Ä.

(12)
Bc£tIm h[cpNnx Ipitem \nbpt²
`qt]m f À°hm³ IelIrXv £nXnPmwikwtØ
aqÀtJm\yZmc\ncXx kpIhnx(1) knXmwti
kXvImhyIrXv kpJ]tcm f \yIf{XKÝ.
(1) ]mTt`Zw: aqÀJm\yZmccXImhyhnZx þ tlmcm

£nXnPmwikwtØ þ N{µ³ P\\kab¯v IpPsâ \hmwi¯nÂ

(1 taSw, 8 hrÝnIw) aäp {Kl§fpsS ZrjvSnbn \n¶mepÅ ^ew
kpcy³ IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n
Bc£I h[cpNn Ipitem\nbpt² `q] AÀ°hm³ IelIrXv
 [413]

c£I³ h[n¡p¶Xn apjvSn bp²¯n cmPmhv [\nI³ hg¡mfn

X¸c³ kaÀ°³

knXmwti þ N{µ³ P\\kab¯v ip{Isâ \hmwi¯n (2 CShw, 7 Xpemw)

aäp {Kl§fpsS ZrjvSnbnÂ\n¶mepÅ ^ew
kpcy³ IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n
aqÀJ A\yZmc\ncX kpIhnx kXvImhyIrXv kpJ]c A\yIf{XK
hnUvVn ]ckv{Xo_Ôw Ihn kXvIhn kpJn¡p ]ckv{Xo
¶h³ _ÔapÅh³
(13)
_ut[ ln cwKNctNmcIho{µa{´oþ
tKbÚinev]\n]pWmx iin\o ØntXwti
kzmwti f ev]Km{X[\ep_v[X]kznapJyþ
kv{Xot]mjrIrXy\ncXmÝ \nco£amtW.

_ut[ þ N{µ³ P\\kab¯v _p[sâ \hmwi¯nÂ

(3 anYp\w, I¶n) aäp {Kl§fpsS ZrjvSnbn \n¶mepÅ ^ew
kpcy³ IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n
cwKNc tNmc Iho{µ a{´o tKbÚ inev]\n]pWmx
cwKIeIÄ Ių Ihn a{´n kwKoXÚ³ inev]n
AhXcn¸n¡p¶h³

kzmwti þ N{µ³ P\\kab¯v IÀ¡SI¯n (4) aäp {Kl§fpsS

ZrjvSnbnÂ\n¶mepÅ ^ew
kpcy³ IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n
Aev]Km{X [\ep_v[ X]kzn apJy kv{Xot]mjr IrXy\ncX
sNdnbicocw ep_v[³ X]kzn apJy³ kv{XoPnX³ IrXy§fnÂ
\ncX\mbh³

(14)
kt{Imt[m \c]Xnk½tXm \n[oix
knwlmwti {]`pckptXm f Xnlnw{kIÀ½m
ssPhmwti {]YnX_tem ctWm]tZjvSm
lmkyÚx kNnhhnImahr²ioemx.

knwlmwti þ N{µ³ P\\kab¯v Nn§w\hmwi¯n (5)

 [414]

aäp {Kl§fpsS ZrjvSnbn \n¶mepÅ ^ew

kpcy³ IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n
kt{Im[ \c]Xnk½X \n[oi {]`p AkpXAXnlnw{kIÀ½m
tIm]njvT³ cmPk½X³ [\nI³ {]`p a¡Ä {Iqc³
CÃm¯h³

ssPhmwti þ N{µ³ P\\kab¯v [\p (9) ao\w (12) \hmwi§fn aäp

{Kl§fpsS ZrjvSnbn \n¶mepÅ ^ew
kpcy³ IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n
{]YnX_e ctWm]tZjvSm lmkyÚ kNnh hnIma hr²ioemx.
_ehm³ bp²Imcy§fn kck³ a{´n Imaw hr²
.D]tZjvSmhv CÃm¯h³ klPw

(15)
Aev]m]tXym ZpJnXx kXy]n tkz
am\mkàx IÀ½Wn tkz f \pcàx
ZpjvSkv{XojvSx Ir]WÝmÀ¡n`mwti
Nt{µ `m\u XZzZnµzmZnZrjvtS.

N{µ³ P\\kab¯v aIcw (10) Ip`w (11) \hmwi§fn aäp {Kl§fpsS

ZrjvSnbn \n¶mepÅ ^ew
kpcy³ IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n
Aev]m]Xy ZpJnXx am\mkàx IÀ½Wn... ZpjvSkv{XojvSx Ir]W
k´XnIÄ ZpJnX³ Al¦mcn kzIÀ½ No¯ kv{XoIfnÂ
Ipdhv \ncX³ CjvSw

Nt{µ `m\u XZzZnµzmZnZrjvtS þ ta¸dª \hmwi§fn \n¡p¶ kqcys\

N{µ³ XpS§nb {Kl§Ä t\m¡nbmepÅ ^ehpw C§s\ ¯s¶bmWv

(16)
kqcymZntXm f {Xmwi^ew {]ZnjvSw
tÚbw \hmwiky ^ew XtZh
cmio£tW bXv ^eapàantµmþ
kvX±zmZimwiky ^ew ln hmNyw.
 [415]

kqcymZnX A{X Awi^ew {]ZnjvSw þ 12þ15 tÇmI§fn kqcy³

XpS§nb {Kl§fpsS Awi^esa¶v ]dªXv
tÚbw \hmwiky ^ew XtZh þ \hmwi^ewXs¶bmW
v F¶dnbpI
cmio£tW bXv ^ew Dàw Ctµm N{µ\v cminZrjvSnbn (6þ11)
bmsXmcp ^ew ]dªpthm
XXv ZzmZimwiky ^eky hmNyw.þ ZzmZimwi¯n\pw B ^ew
Xs¶ ]dbWw.
(17)
hÀt¤m¯akz]ctKjp ip`w bZpàw
XXv]pjvSa²yeLpXm f ip`apXv{ItaW
hocym\zntXm f wiI]XnÀ\ncpW²n ]qÀhw
cmio£Wky _eawi^ew ZZmXn.

hÀt¤m¯atKjp ip`w ]pjvS.. þhÀt¤m¯amwi¯n \n¡p¶

{Kl¯nsâ ip`^ew ]pjvSntbmSp IqSnbXmbncn¡pw.
kzþkzmwiI¯n \n¡p¶ {Kl¯nsâ ip`^ew a²yaambncn¡pw.
]ctKjp þ ]cmwiI¯n \n¡p¶ {Kl¯nsâ ^ew Aev]
ambncn¡pw.
Aip`apXv{ItaW þ Aip`^ew CXn\p hn]coXambncn¡pw.
hocym\znX AwiI]Xn ....þ AwiIm[n]Xn hocyhm\mIp¶psh¦nÂ
cminZrjvSn^es¯ XSp¡pIbpw
cmio£Wky _eawi^ew ZZmXn þ AwiIZrjvSn^es¯ sImSp¡pIbpw
sN¿p¶p.

A²ymbw 19 þ Zim-^ew
hnjbhnhcw
1. Zim{Iaw
2. hnw-tim-¯-cn (\£{X) Zi
3. injvSZi KWnXw
4. hÀjw IW¡m¡p¶ hn[w
5 Zim^ew (cNIp_pKpipakin {Ia¯nÂ)
6. hnwtim¯cnZim (cNIpkKpa_pinip) {Ia¯nÂ
 [416]

Cu A²ym-b-¯n \h-{K-l-§-fpsS Zim-Im-e¯v A\p`-h-s¸-Sp¶ ^e-§-

fmWv hnh-cn-¡p-¶-Xv. 5 apX 17 hsc tÇmI-§-fn cN-Ip-_p-Kp-
ip-a-kin F¶ km[m-c-W {Kl-{I--a¯nepw 18 apXÂ 27 hscbpÅ tÇmI-
§-fn cN-Ip-k-Kp-a-_p-inip F¶n-§-s\- hnw-tim-¯-cn-Z-im-{I-a-
¯nepamWv ^ew ]d-bp-¶p-Xv. {Klw A\pIqeamtWm
{]XnIqeamtWm, AXn\v Bhiyamb {Kl_eaptm XpS§nb Imcy§Ä
IqSn tNÀ¯p Nn´n-¡bpw th-Ww.

(1)
`àym tb\ \h-{Klm _lp-hn-ss[-cm-cm-[n-XmkvtX Nncw
k´pjvSmx ^e-t_m-[-tl-Xp-a-Zn-i³ km\p-{Klw \nÀ®bw
JymXm-w tX\ ]cm-i-tcW IYnXmw kwKrly tlmcm-K-amXv
kmcw `qcn-]-co-£-bm f Xn^enXmw ht£y almJymw Zimw.

`àym tb\ \h-{Klm _lp-hn-ss[- Bcm-[n-XmkvtX Nncwþ

Bcm Nnc-Imew `àn-]qÀhw ]e hn[-¯n Bcm-[n-¡-s¸«v
k´pjvSmx ^e-t_m-[-tl-Xp-a-Zn-i³ km\p-{Klw \nÀ®bw þ
k´p-jvS-cmbn \h-{K-l-§Ä ^e-t_m-[-tl-Xp A\p-{K-ln¨p
\ÂIntbm
JymXm-w tX\ ]cm-i-tcW IYnXmw kwKrly tlmcm-K-amXv kmcw þ
B ]cm-i-c-\m ]d-b-s¸-« tlmcm-K-akmcw
`qcn-]-co-£-bm AXn^enXmw ht£y almJymw Zimw.þ kzbw ]co-£n-¨-
dnªv hfsc ^e-h-¯m-sW¶p Iv AXnse \£{X (hnwtim¯cn) Zim-^ek{¼-
Zm-bw Rm³ Npcp¡n ]d-bpI-bm-Wv..

(2)
AáymZn Xmc-]-Xtbm chn-N-{µ-`ua
kÀ]m-a-tc-Uy-i-\n-N-{µ-P-tI-Xp-ip{Imx
tX, \mS, ssk\n (km\n), Pb, NmSp, [Sm-\p, kuay,
Ømt\, \Jm, \nK-ZnXm ic-ZkvXp tXjmw.

1.Zim{Iaw
AáymZn þ ImÀ¯n-I-ap-XÂ
 [417]

Xmc-]-Xtbm þ \£-{Xm-[n-]-·mÀ
{Klw ZimhÀjw
chn þ kqcy³, tX þ X þ6
N-{µ- þ N{µ³, \mS þ \S þ 01 þ 10
`ua þ IpP³, ssk\n þ k\ þ 70 þ 07
kÀ¸m- þ cmlp, Pb 81 þ 18
Aa-tc-Uy-þhymgw, NmSp þ NS þ 61 þ 16
i-\n-, [Sm-\p þ [S\ þ 910 þ 19
N-{µ-P þ _p[³,- kuay þ kb þ 71 þ 17
tI-Xp-, Ømt\ þ Y\ þ 70 þ 07
ip{I þ ip{I³, \Jm þ \J þ 02 þ 20
\nK-ZnXm ic-XkvXp tXjmw þ F¶n-§s\ Ah-bpsS Zim-
hÀj§Ä ]d-b-s¸-«n-cn-¡p-¶p.(IS-]-bmZn A£ckwJy D]-tbm-Kn-
¨mWv ChnsS {Kl-§-fpsS Zim-hÀjw ]d-bp-¶-Xv. AXv A\p_Ô¯nÂ
sImSp¯n«pv.)

2.hnw-tim-¯-cn (\£{X) Zi
\£{Xw \£-{Xm-[n-]³ ZimhÀjw
AizXn aIw aqew -þ tIXp 7
`cWn ]qcw ]qcmSw ip{I³ 20
ImÀ¯nI D{Xw D{XmSw kqcy³
6
tcmlnWn A¯w Xncp-thmWw N{µ³ 10
aI-bncw Nn{X Ahn«w IpP³ 7
Xncp-hm-Xnc tNmXn NXbw cmlp
18
]pWÀXw hnimJw ]qcq-cp-«mXn hymgw
16
]qbw A\ngw D{X-«mXn i\n 19
Bbneyw Xrt¡« tchXn _p[³ 17
BsI 120 hÀjw

HmÀ½n-¡m³ Hcp ae-bmfw tÇmIw:

BZn-Xy-\mdp iin ]¯p-sam-tcgp sNmÆ
]s¯«p ]m¼p ]Xn-\mdp _rl-kv]-Xoi
 [418]

]s¯m-¼tX i\n _p[³ ]Xn-t\gp ]ns¶

tIXq-s\m-tc-gn-cp-]-Xm-aXp ip{I-\-´yw.

(3)
E£ky Kaym LSnIm Zim-_vZþ
\nLv\m \Sm]vXm kzZim-_vZ-kwJym
cqss]À¶-ssK-x kwKp-W-tb-¶-tX\
lrXmkvXp amkm Znhkmx {Ita-W.

3 .injvSZim KWnXw
E£ky Kaym LSnIm ....þ \£{X¯n _m¡nbpÅ \mgnIIsf
ZimhÀjw sImp s]cp¡n, 60þsImp lcn¨m In«p¶Xp hÀjw. _m¡nsb
cqss], \ssK, \tX\...þ12, 30, 60 F¶nhsImp bYmhn[n {Inb sNbvXmÂ
{Ia¯n amkw, Znhkw, \mgnI F¶nh In«pw.

\£{Xw XpS-§p-t¼mÄ Xs¶ P\n-¨m-età Zim-hÀjw apgp-h³

In«q. AXp km[m-c-W-a-Ã. AXn-\m Hcp \mfnsâ CSbv¡p P\\w
h¶m injvS-Zi (KÀ`-in-jvS-Zi F¶pw ]d-bpw.) IW-¡m-¡p¶
coXnbmWv Cu tÇmI-¯n hnh-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.

P\\w tcmlnWn \£-{X-¯n-em-sW¶p Icp-Xp-I. Hcp Znhkw 60

\mgn-I-bm-b-Xn-\mÂ, tcmlnWnbpw km[m-c-W-K-Xn-bn 60
\mgn-I-bm-h-Ww. P\\w \S-¶Xv tcmlnWn 30 \mgnI Ign-ªn-«m-
sW¦nÂ, _m¡n 30 \mgn-Ibv¡p injvS-Zi F{X ImWpw?

P·\-£-{X-¯n _m¡n-bpÅ ka-bs¯ AXnsâ Zim-hÀjw-sImp

s]cp¡n Znh-kssZÀLyw-sImp lcn¨m In«p¶ ^ew hÀjw.. _m¡nsb 12
sImp s]cp¡n In«p-¶Xp amkw. AXnsâ _m¡nsb 30 tImp s]cp¡n In«p-
¶Xp Znh-kw. CXp-t]mse Adp-]XpsImp s]cp¡n _m¡n-bpÅ
\mgnIþhn\m-gn-I-I-sfbpw ImWmw.

DZmlcWw (B[p\nIcoXn):
 [419]

tcmlnWn\£{Xw : 40T apXÂ 53T 20’hsc

N{µkv^pSw : 1 þ 20T þ 33’. = 50Tþ-33’
\£{X¯n _m¡n 53T 20’þ=þ 50Tþ-33’ = 2T-þ47’= 107’
13Tþ20’ AYhm 800’\v N{µZi = 10 hÀjw
AXpsImv 2T -þ47’ AYhm 167’ \v N{µZi = ?
1. 10 x 167
800 = 2 . 0875 hÀjw
2 0875 x 12
10000 = = 1. .05 amkw

3 5 x30
1.05 Znhkw
injvSZi : 2 hÀjw 1 amkw 1 Znhkw 30 \mgnI N{µZi.

(4)
chn-kv^p-S-w- k(X)Ö-\t\ bZm-koXv
XYm-hn-[-tÝXv {]Xn-hÀj-aÀ¡x
Bhr-¯-bx- k´n Zim-_vZ-Im\mw
`mK{I-am-¯-±n-hkmx {]IÂ]ym.

4. hÀjw IW¡m¡p¶ hn[w

Hcm-fpsS P\-\-k-a-b¯v kqcy³ \n¡p¶ Øm\-¯p-Xs¶ kqcy³ ho-
pw hcp-t¼m-gmWv PmX-I\v Hcp hb-Êm-Ip-¶-Xv. CX-\p-k-cn-¨p-
thWw Zim-hÀjw IW-¡m-¡p-¶-Xpw. hÀj¯n\p XnIbmsX hcp¶
_m¡nsb s¡mv `mK{Iaw A\pkcn¨v (30 Znhkw = 1 amkw, 12 amkw
= 1 hÀjw) amkhpw Znhkhpw ImWWw.hÀjw F¶m F{X Znh-k-
amWv F¶Xp tPymXn-j-¯nse Hcp henb XÀ¡-hn-j-b-amWv.
AXn-\pÅ adp-]-Sn-IqSnbmWv Cu tÇmIw.
 [420]

5.Zim^ew (cNIp_pKpipakin {Ia¯nÂ)

(5)
`m\px ItcmXn Ielw £nXn-]m-e-tIm-]þ
amI-kvanIw kzP-\-tcm-K-]-cn-{`aw N
At\ym\ysshc-a-Xn-Zp-ÊlNn¯-tIm-]w
Kp]vXyÀ°-[m-\y-kp-X-Zm-c-Ir-im-\p-]o-Umw.

kqcyZi
`m\px ItcmXn þ kqcy³sN¿p¶p (kqcy-Z-i-bnÂ),
Ielw þ hg¡v
£nXn-]m-e-tIm-]w BI-kvanIw þ A{]-Xo-£n-X-amb cmP-
tIm]w,
kzP-\-tcm-Kw þ kz´¡mÀ¡p tcmK-§Ä,
]-cn-{`aw þ ]cn{`aw,
(]cn{`aWwþNpän¯ncn¨Â)
At\ym\ysshcw- þ ]c-kv]-c-i{XpX
AXn-Zp-Êl Nn¯-tIm-]w þ Ak-l\ob-ambam\-kn-I-t£m`w,
Kp]vXn * Hfnhn / XShn IgnbpI
AÀ°- [m-\y- kp-X -Zm-c- Ir-im-\p- ]o-Umw -þ
[\w, [m\yw, a¡Ä, `mcy. Aán. Ch- ImcWambpÅ ZpJw.
*Kp]vXyÀ°w þ clkyamb. [\w F¶pw ImWp¶p.

kqcy³ ZpØ\msW¦nepÅ ^e§fmWv Cu tÇmI¯nÂ]dªXv. ASp¯

tÇmI¯n kqcy³ kpØ\mbmepÅ ^e§Ä hnhcn¡p¶p.

(6)
{Iucym-[z-`qss]x Ie-sslÀ²-\m]vXnw
h\mZn-({Zn)-k-©m-c-a-Xn-{]-kn²nw
ItcmXn kptØm hnPbw Znt\-iþ
kvssX£vWyw ktZm-tZym-K-cXnw kpJw N

ItcmXn kptØm Znt\-i - þ kqcy\p kpØm\ØnXnbmsW¦nÂ,

{Iucym-[z-`qss]x Ie-sslÀ²-\m]vXnw-þ
{Iqc{]hÀ¯nIÄ,bm{X, cmPmhv, Ielw Ch hgn [\mKaw
h\m{Zn k©mcwþ Im«nepw aebnepapÅ bm{X.
 [421]

AXn{]kn²nw þ hfsc {]kn²n,

hnPbw,
ssXjvWyw þ Xo£vWX,
ktZmtZymKcXnw þ Ft¸mgpw {]hÀ¯\\ncX³
kpJw

(7)
a\x-{]-kmZw {]I-tcmXn N{µx
kÀhmÀ°-kn²nw kpJ-t`m-P\w N
kv{Xo]p-{X-`q-jmw-_-c-c-Xv\-kn²nw
tKmt£{X-em`w ZznP-]q-P\w N

N{µZi.
{]I-tcmXn N{µx þ N{µ³ sN¿p¶p (N-{µ-Z-i-bnÂ)
a\x-{]-kmZw þ Dt·jw, kt´mjw,
kÀhmÀ°-kn²nw þ FÃm DZy-a-§fnepw hnP-bw.,
kpJ-t`m-P\w þ kpJ-`-£Ww,
kv{Xo]p-{X-`q-jmw-_-c-c-Xv\-kn²nwþ `mcy, a¡Ä, B`-c-W§Ä,
hkv{X§Ä, cXv\§Ä ChbpsS e_v[n
tKmt£{X-em`w þ ]ip¡Ä, `qkz¯v ChbpsS em`w
ZznP-]q-P\w þ {_mÒ-W-]q-P.

(8)
_te\ kÀhw iin-\kvXp hmNyw
]qÀth Zimtl ^e-a{X a²yw
at²y Zimtl ]cn-]qÀ®-hocyw
XrXo-b-`m-tKf Â]^ew {Ita-W.

_te\ kÀhw iin-\x Xp hmNywþ

N{µ-Z-im-^ew N{µsâ _e-a-\p-k-cn¨p ]d-b-Ww
]qÀth Zimtl ^e-a{X a²yw þ
N{µ³ Nm{µ-am-k-¯nsâ -BZy `mK¯msW-¦n ^ew a²y-aw.
at²y Zimtl ]cn-]qÀ®-hocyw þ a²y-`m-K¯msW-¦nÂ]qÀ® ^ew.
XrXo-b-`m-tK A¸-^ew þAh-km-\-`m-K¯msW-¦nÂA¸-^ew.
 [422]

]{µsâ ]£-_ew:
(1)ip¢-]-£-{]-Xn-]ZwapXÂ ip¢-]-£-Z-ianhsc þBZy`mKw, ^ewa²y-aw.
(2)ip¢-]-£-GIm-ZinapXÂ IrjvW-]£]©anhsc þ a-²y-`m-Kw,]qÀ®^ew.
(3) IrjvW-]£ jjvTnapX Aam-hmknhsc þ A-h-km-\-`m-Kw, A¸-^ew.
(9)
`uaky kzZ-im-^-em\n lpX-`p-Kv
`q-]m-l-hm-ssZyÀ[\w
ss`j-Pym-\r-X-h-©-ss\Ý hnhnss[x
{IusscyÀ²-\-kym-Kax
]n¯m-kr-KvPz-c-_m-[n-XÝ kXXw
\oNmw-K-\m-tk-h\w
hntZz-jx kpX-Zm-c-_-Ôp-Kp-cp`nx
IjvtSm- f \y-`mtKy cXx.

IpPZi
`uaky kzZ-im-^-em\n þ IpP-Z-i-bnÂ,
lpX-`p-Iv `q-] Bl-h B-ssZyx [\wþ Aán, cmPm-hv, bp²w Ch-
hgn [\w
ss`j-Py*, A\r-X -h-©-ss\Ý hnhnss[x {Iusscyx [\-kym-Kaxþ
NXn*,-AkXyw,h©\,]e-hn[{Iqc{]hÀ¯n-IÄ Ch-bpw [\mK-
aamÀ¤w.,

* t`jP¯nsâ {][m\ AÀ°w, aäp hymJym\§fn sImSp¯n«p ÅXp t]mse,

Huj[w F¶msW¦nepw kµÀ`¯n\p tNcpI Cu A{][m\ AÀ°amWv.

]n¯Akr-Iv Pz-c- _m-[n-XÝþ ]n¯w, càZqjyw, ]\n XpS-§nb

tcmK-§Ä
\oNmw-K-\m-tk-h\w þ \oN-kv{Xo- tkh,
kp-X- Zm-c- _-Ôp- Kp-cp`nx hntZz-jw-þa¡Ä, `mcy, _Ôp-¡Ä,
Kpcp-\m-Y-·mÀCh-cp-ambn
hntZzjw,
IjvtSm- þ IjvS¸mSpIÄ
A\y-`mtKy cXx þ aäp-Å-h-cpsS `mKy¯n cX³
(IjvtSm- A\y-`mtKy cX þ A\y-·m-cpsS `mKyw-Iv kln-¡m³
 [423]

]mSn-Ãm-sX-bn-cn-¡p-I þ asämcp
hymJym\w.)

(10)
kuayx ItcmXn kplr-Zm-K-a-am-ß-kuJyw
hnZzXv{]-iw-kn-X-biÝ Kpcp-{]-kmZw
{]mK-Ûy-ap-àn-hn-jtbf ]n ]tcm-]-Imcw
Pmbm-ß-PmZn kplrZmw Ipi-ew al-Xzw.

_p[Zi
kuayx ItcmXn þ _p[-Z-i-bnÂ,
kplr-Zm-K-aw þ kplr-¯p-¡-fpsS/_Ôp¡fpsS BK-a\w-,B-ß-
kuJyw þ kpJw
hnZzÂ{]-iw-kn-XbiÝ þ hnZzm-·m-cpsS{]iwkaqeapmIp¶ biÊv,
Kpcp-{]-kmZw, þ BNmcysâ k´pjvSn
{]mK-Ûy-w D-àn-hn-jtb þ hmIvNm-Xpcyw,
]tcm-]-Imcw þ aäp-Å-hÀ¡v D]-Imcw sN¿pI
Pmbm-ß-PmZn kplrZmw Ipi-ew al-Xzw þ `mcy, a¡Ä, kplr-¯p-¡Ä
XpS-§n-b-hÀ¡v Ipi-ehpw al-Xzhpw.

(11)
[À½-{In-bm-]vXn-a-a-tc-{µ-KpcpÀhn-[t¯
k´m-\-kn-²n-a-h-\o-]-Xn-]q-P-\w N
ÇmLy-Xz-ap-¶-X-P-t\jp KPm-iz-bm-\þ
{]m]vXnw h[q-kp-X-kp-lr-Zyp-Xn-an-jvS-kn-²nw.

KpcpZi
A-a-tc-{µ-Kpcpx hn-[t¯ þ Kpcp-Z-i-bnÂ,
[À½-{In-bm-]vXn- þ [mÀ½nI {]hÀ¯n-IÄ,
k´m-\-kn-²n- þ k´m-\-em`w,
Ah-\o-]-Xn-]q-P-\w N þ cmP_lp-am\w,
ÇmLy-Xz-w D¶-X-P-t\jp þ D¶X hyàn-I-fpsS {]iwk,
KP A-iz- bm-\ {]m]vXnw þ B\,IpXn-c,hml\w Ch-bpsS e_v[n
h[q -kp-X -kp-lr-Zyp-Xn- þ `mcy, a¡Ä, kplr-¯p-¡Ä Ch-
cpsS
kmao]yw
 [424]

C-jvS-kn-²nw þ CjvSem`w
(12)
{IoUm-kp-tJm-]-I-c-Wm\n kphm-l-\m]vXnw
tKmc-Xv\-`q-j-W-\n-[n- {]-a-Zm-{]-tamZw
Úm\-{Inbmw ken-e-bm-\-ap-ss]Xn iu{Iymw
Ieym-W-IÀ½-_-lp-am-\-an fm-[n-\m-YmXv.

ip{I-Z-i
Dss]Xn iu{Iymw þ ip{I-Z-i-bnÂ,
{IoUm -kp-J- D]-I-c-Wm\n þ hnt\m-Z-¯n\pw kpJ¯n\pw th
D]-I-c-W§Ä, *
* {IoUm (Imahnt\mZw) kpJ¯n\p thsXÃmw þþasämcp hymJym\w)
kphm-l-\ B]vXnw þ \Ã hml\w ChbpsS e_v[n,
tKmc-Xv\`q-j-W- \n-[n {]-a-Zm -{]-tamZwþ ]ip-¡Ä, c-Xv\w, `q-j-
Ww-, \n[n kv{Xo ChaqeapÅ kt´mjw
Úm\-{Inbmw þ Úm\-k¼m-Z-\-¯n\p th {]hÀ¯n-IÄ,
ken-e-bm-\w- þ Pe-bm{X,
Ieym-W-IÀ½ - þ awK-f-IÀ½-§Ä,
_-lp-am-\w -C-fm-[n-\m-YmÂ. þ cmP-_-lp-am\w

(13)
]mtI f À¡-Pky \nP-Zm-c-kp-Xm-Zn-tcm-Km³
hmtXm-¯-cm³ Irjn-hn-\m-i-a-kXv{]-em]w
Ipkv{Xo-cXnw ]cn-P-ss\Àhn-bpXnw {]hm-kþ
amI-kvanIw kzP-\-`q-an-kp-JmÀ°-\m-iw.

i\nZi
]mtI AÀ¡-Pky þ- i\nZibnÂ,
\nP- Zm-c- kp-Xm-Zn -tcm-Km³ hmtXm-¯-cm³ þ X\n¡pw
`mcybv¡pw a¡Ä¡pw hmX-kw-_-Ô-amb tcmK-§Ä,
Irjn-hn-\m-iw- þ Irjn-\miw,
AkXv {]-em]w þ Ak-¯p-¡-fp-ambn hmt¡äw,
Ipkv{Xo-cXnw þ No¯ kv{XoI-fp-ambn _Ôw,
]cn-P-ss\ hn-bpXnw þ `rXy-\jvSw,
{]hmkw þ ]c-tZ-i-hmkw,
 [425]

BIkvanIw kzP-\- `q-an -kp-J AÀ° -\m-iwþ kzP-\w, `qan, kpJw, [\w
Ch- bpsS AhnNmcnXamb \jvSw.

(14)
Ipcym-Zlnx £nXn-]-tNm-c-hn-jm-án-ikv{Xþ
`oXnw kpXmÀ-¯n-a-Xn-hn-{`-a-_-Ôp-\miw
\oNm-]-am-\-\-a-Xn-{I-a-tXm-f]-hmZw
Øm\-NypXnw ]Z-lXnw IrX-Im-cy-lm-\nw.
(15)
hn[p-´ptZ ip`m-\zntX {]ikvX `mh-kw-bptX
Zim ip`-{]Zm XZm alo-]-Xp-ey-`q-Xn-Zm
A`o-jvS-Im-cy-kn-²tbm Krtl kpJ-Øn-XnÀ`-thþ
ZN-©-emÀ°-k-©bmx £nXu {]kn-²-IoÀ¯-bx.
(16)
I\ym-k-ao-\m-fn-K-Xky cmtlmÀþ
Zim-hn-]mtI aln-X© kuJyw
tZim-[n-]Xyw [\-hm-l-\m]vXnw
Zim-h-kmt\ kIew hn\m-iw.

cmlpZi
Ipcym-Zlnx þ cmlp Zi-bnÂ,
£nXn-] -tNm-c -hn-j Aán -ikv{X `oXnw þ cmPm-hv, IÅ-·mÀ, hnjw,
Xo,
Bbp[w Ch-bnÂ\n¶pw `bw,
kpXm-À¯n- þ ]p{X-ZpJw,
a-Xn-hn-{`-aw- þ _p²n-{`aw,
_-Ôp-\miw
\oN A-]-am-\-\w- þ \oN-cm A]-am\w
AXn-{I-a-w-,
A]-hmZw,
Øm\-NypXnw þ ]Zhn\jvSw,
]Z-lXnw * þ Øm\-\jvSw (Xcw Xmgv¯Â)
( * Imen\p `wKw F¶p asämcp hymJym\w)
IrX-Im-cy-lm\nw þ {]hÀ¯n-I-fn ]cm-P-bw
.
ip`m-\zntX þ ip`-{K-l-tbm-K-tam,
 [426]

{]ikvX `mh-kw-bptX þ ip-``mh-ØnXntbm DÅ

hn[p-´ptZ Zim þ cmlp-hnsâ Zi-
ip`-{]`m þ ip`^e§Ä \ÂIpw.
alo-]-Xp-ey-`q-Xn-Zm. þ cmPm-hn\p Xpeyamb sFiz-
cy-w Xcpw.
A§--s\-bpÅ cmlp-hnsâ Zi-bnÂ
A`o-jvS-Im-cy-kn-²tbm þ B{K-ln-¨-sXÃmw \S-
¡pw.
Krtl kpJ-Øn-Xnx `-th þ Krl-¯n kpJ-ap-m-Ipw.
AN-©-emÀ°-k-©bm þ Dd¨ [\-ØnXnbpw
£nXu {]kn-²-IoÀ¯-bx þ {]kn-²nbpw (DmIpw.)
I\ym k-ao-\ A-fn- K-Xky þ I¶n, ao\w, hrÝnIw Ch-bnÂ
\n¡p¶
cmtlmx Zim-hn-]mtI þ cmlp-hnsâ Zi-bnÂ,
aln-Xw N kuJyw þ al-¯zhpw, kpJhpw,
(henb kuJyw F¶pw
ImWp¶p.).
tZim-[n-]Xyw
[\- hm-l-\m]vXnw þ [\w, hml\w Ch-bpsS e_v[n.
Zim-h-kmt\ kIew hn\m-iw þ cmlp Zi t]mIp-¶-tXmsS
AsXÃmw t]mhp-Ibpw
sN¿pw.
(17)
tItXmÀZ-im-bm-a-cn-tNm-c-`qss]x
]oUmw N ikv{X-£-X-ap-jvW-tcmKw
an°ym-]-hmZw Ipe-Zq-jn-XXzw
htÓÀ`bw t{]mjWamß-tZ-imÂ.

tIXpZi
tItXmÀZ-im-bm-w þ tIXp-Z-i-bnÂ,
A-cn-tNm-c-`qss]x ]oUmw þ i{Xp-¡Ä, IÅ-·mÀ, cmPmhv Ch-
cnÂ
\n-¶pÅ k,ieyw,
ikv{X-£-Xnw þ Bbp-[w-sImp apdnhv,
DjvW-tcmKw,
 [427]

an°ym-]-hmZw þ ASn-Øm-\-an-Ãm¯ A]-

hmZw,
Ipe-Zq-jn-XXzw þ Ipe-w Zpjn-¡pI,
htÓx `bw þ Aán-`bw,
t{]mjWw Bß-tZ-imXv þ P\n¨ \mSp hn«p t]mtI-n-h-cpI.

hnwtim¯cnZim
(cNIpkKpa_pinip) {Ia¯nÂ

(18)
AY XcWn Zimbmw {Iucy-`q-]m-e-bp-ss²Àþ
[\-a-\-e-N-Xp-jv]m-Zv]o-U\w t\{X-Xm]w
DZ-c-Z-i-\-tcmKw ]p{X-Zm-cmÀ¯n-cp-ss¨Àþ
Kpcp-P-\-hn-clx kymZv `rXy-\m-timf À°-lm\n.

kqcyZi
AY XcWn Zimbmw þ kqcy-Z-i-bnÂ,
{Iucy-`q-]m-e-bp-ss²À[\ þ {Iqc{]-hÀ¯n-IÄsImpw,
cmPm-hn-\mepw, bp²w-sImpw [\-em`w,-
A\-e-N-Xp-jv]m-Zv]o-U\w þ
Xo,\m¡m-en-IÄChbpsSD]{Zhw
t\{X-Xm]w þ t\{X-tcmKw,
DZ-c-Z-i-\-tcmKw þ hb-dv, ]Ãv Chbv¡p
tcmKw
]p{X-Zm-cmÀ¯n-cp-ss¨À þ `mcybv¡pw a¡Ä¡pw
ZpJw
Kpcp-P-\ -hn-clw þ Kpcp-P-\-§-fpsS thÀ]mSv,
`rXy-\m-tim þ `rXy\miw,
AÀ°-lm\n þ [\-\jvSw.

(19)
inin-c-I-c-Z-imbmw a{´-tZ-h-Zzn-tPmÀhoþ
]XnP\n-X-hn-`qXnx kv{Xo[-\-t£-{X-kn²nx
Ipkp-a-h-k-\-`q-jm-K-Ô-\m-\m-c-km-]vXnÀþ
`hXn _en-hn-tcm[x kz£tbm hmX-tcmKx
 [428]

N{µ-Z-i
inin-c-I-c-Z-imbmw þ N{µ-Z-i-bnÂ,
a{´-tZ-h-Zzn-tPmÀho]XnP\n-X-hn-`qXnx þ a{´w, tZh-·mÀ,
{_mÒ-W·mÀ,
cmPm-hv F¶-nh-À ImcWw Dm-Ip¶ sFiz-cyw-,
kv{Xo[-\-t£-{X-kn²nx þ `mcy, [\w, `qan Ch-
bpsSem`w,
Ipkp-a-h-k-\-`q-jm-K-Ô-\m-\m-c-km-]vXnÀþ
]q¡Ä, hkv{Xw, B-`-c-W-§Ä, kpK-Ô{Z-hy-§Ä XpS§n,
\m-\m- c-km-]vXnx þ
]e-X-c-¯n-epÅ kpJ-t`m-K-§fpsS e_v[n,
`hXn _en hn-tcm[ þ _e-hm-·m-cp-ambn hntcm-
[w,
(]m-T-t`Zw þ `hXn Je-hn-tcm[ þ Je-cp-ambn hntcm-[w),
kz£tbm þ kz¯n\p £bw, [\-\miw,
hmX-tcmK þ hmXw F¶nh ^ew.,
(]m-T-t`Zw : hmcn-tcmKx - - þ PeP\yamb tcmK§Ä)

(20)
£nXn-X-\-b-Z-imbmw t£{X-ssh-cn-£n-Xo-iþ
{]Xn-P-\n-X-hn-`qXnx kymXv ]ip-t£-{X-em`x
kl-P-X-\-b-sshcw ZpÀÖ-\-kv{Xojp kànÀþ
±l-\cp-[n-c-]n-¯-hym-[n-cÀt°m-]-lm-\nx.

IpPZi
£nXn-X-\-b -Z-imbmw þ IpP-Z-i-bnÂ,
t£{X-ssh-c-£n-Xo-i{]Xn-P-\n-X-hn-`qXnx þ`qan, i{Xp, cmPm-hv,
Ch-
bm sFiz-cy-w
]ip- t£-{X -em` þ ]ip, `qan Ch-bpsS e_v[n,
kl-P- X-\-b –sshcw þ ktlm-Z-c-·mcpwa¡-fp-ambn sshcw,
ZpÀÖ-\-kv{Xojp kàn þ No¯-kv{Xo-I-fn Bkàn,
Zl-\ -cp-[n-c- ]n-¯-hym-[nx- þ DjvW cà- ]n¯ tcmK-§Ä,
 [429]

AÀt°m-]-lm-\n þ [\-\miw.

(21)
Akp-c-h-c-Z-imbmw Zpkz-`m-thm- f Yhm(1) kymþ
ZXn-K-l-\-K-ZmÀ¯nx kq\p-\m-tcymÀhn-\mix
hnj-`-b-a-cn-]oUm ho£-tWmÀ²zmw-K-tcm-Kx
kplrZpZnXhn-tcmt[m `q]-tXÀtZz-j-em-`x.
]mT-t`Zw þ ZpxJ-`mthm

cmlpZi
Akp-c-h-c-Z-imbmw þ cmlp-Z-i-bnÂ,
ZpÊz-`m-thm þ Zpkz-`mhw,
AXn-K-l-\-K-ZmÀ¯n þ ITn-\-amb tcmK-Zp-Jw,
kq\p- \m-tcymx hn-\mi þ aI³, `mcy Ch-cpsS \miw,
hnj-`-b þ hnj-`bw,
Acn-]oUm þ i{Xp-ieyw,
ho£-W DuÀ²zmw-K-tcm-K þ I®v, incÊv Ch-bv¡p tcmKw,
kplrZpZnX-hn-tcmt[m þ kplrXv hntcm-[w,-
`q]-tXx tZz-j-em-`x þ cmP-tIm-]w.

(22)
Aa-c-Kp-cp-Z-imbmaw_-cm-ZyÀ°-kn²nx
]cn-P-\-]-cn-hm-c-{]u-Vn-c-XyÀ°-am\x
kpX-[-\-kp-lr-Zm]vXnx km[p-hm-Zm-]vX-]qPm
`hXn Kpcp-hn-tbmKx IÀ®-tcmKx I^mÀ¯nx.

hymgZi
Aa-c-Kp-cp-Z-imbmw þ hymg-Z-i-bnÂ,
Aw_-cm-Zn AÀ°-kn²n þ hkv{Xw, [\w XpS-§nbhbpsS
e_v[n
]cn-P-\- ]-cn-hm-c -{]u-Vn- þ ]cn-Nm-c-ItcmSpw]cn-hm-
ct¯mSpw
IqSnb -{]uVn,
 [430]

AXyÀ°-am\w þ henb _lp-am\w,

kpX- [-\ -kp-lr-Xv B]vXn þ a¡Ä, [\w, kplr-¯p-¡Ä Ch-bpsS
{]m]vXn,
km[p- hm-ZmXv B]vX-]qPm þ km[p-hmb (i-cn-bm-b) hmZwsImv
B]vX-am-Ip¶ (e-`n-¡p-¶) ]qP (B-Z-c-hv) F¶v HcÀ°w.. k¡m-cy-§-
sf-¸-d-bp¶ tbmKy-·mcpsS ]qP F¶p asäm-cÀ°w.
(km[phmZm]vX]qP (\Ã hm¡pw tbmKy·mcpsS
]qPbpw F¶pw ImWp¶p.).
Kpcp-hn-tbmKw þ KpcpP\-§fpambn thÀ]mSv,
IÀ®-tcmKw þ sNhnbv¡v AkpJw,
I^mÀ¯n þ I^-tcm-Kw.

(23)
chnX\-b-Z-imbmw cmjv{S-]o-Um-{]lm-c(1)þ
{]Xn-P-\n-X-hn-`qXnx t{]jy-hr-²mw-K-\m]vXnx
]ip-a-ln-j-hr-jm]vXnx ]p{X-Zm-c-{]-]oUm
]h-\-I-^-Kp-ZmÀ¯nx ]mZ-l-kvXmwKXm-]x.
(1) ]mT-t`Zw þ A{K-lmc*

i\nZi
chnX\-b -Z-imbmw þ i\n-Z-i-bnÂ,
cmjv{S-]o-Um{]-lm-c {]Xn-P-\n-X -hn-`qXn þ cm-jv{Sob {]iv\-§Ä
(B`y´c Iem]§Ä), AXn{I-a§Ä (_e{]tbmK§Ä) Ch hgn sFizcyw,
t{]jy- hr-²mw-K-\ B]vXn þ Zmk-,- hr-²kv{Xo, {]m]vXn.
]ip- a-ln-j- hr-j B]vXn þ ]ip, Fcp-a, Imf Ch-bpsS e_v[n,
]p{X -Zm-c -{]-]oUm þ ]p{X³, `mcy ChÀ¡v D]-{Zhw,
]h-\ -I-^- Kp-ZmÀ¯n þ hmXw, I^w, AÀi-Êv,
]mZ- l-kvXmw-K- Xm-] þ ImÂ, ssI Np«p-\o-äw.
* {]lmc¯n\p ]Icw aebmfhymJym\§fn A{KlmcamWv
ImWp¶Xv .A{Klmcw kµÀ`¯n\p tbmPn¡p¶nÃ.

(24)
iin-X-\-b-Z-imbmw iiz-Zm-Nm-cy(1)-kn-²nÀþ
ZznP-P-\n-X-[-\m]vXnx t£{X-tKm-hm-Pn-em`x
a\p-h-c-kp-c-]qPm-hn-¯-kw-Lm-X-kn²nx
 [431]

{]`-hXn acp-Z-jvW-tÇ-jva-tcm-K-{]-]oUm.
(1)]mTt`Zw þ BNmc

_p[Zi
iin-X-\-b-Z-imbmw þ _p[-ZibnÂ,
iiz-Zm-Nm-cy-kn-²n þ BNmcye_v[n. (Kp-cp-hns\ e`n-¡p-Itbm
kzbw Kpcp-hm-IpItbm sN¿pw.),
ZznP- P-\n-X -[-\m]vXn þ {_mÒ-W-À hgn [\-em`w
t£{X -tKm -hm-Pn -em`w þ `qan, ]ip-¡Ä, IpXn-c-IÄ Ch In«pI,
a\p-h-c- kp-c -]qPm þ cmPþtZh]q-P-IÄ,
hn-¯ -kw-Lm-X -kn²n þ henb [\-e_v[n,
(a\p-h-c-kp-c]qPsImv hn¯kn²n F¶pw ImWp¶p¶p.)
acp-Xv D-jvW -tÇ-jvatcm-K -{]-]oUmþ hmbp-t£m-`w, DjvWw, I^-
tcmKw
Ch-bpsS ieyw

(25)
inJn-P-\n-X-Z-imbmw timI-tam-tlm f w-K-\m`nx
{]`p-P-\-]-cn-]oUm hn¯-\mtif -]-cm[x
{]`-hXn X\p-`mPmw t{]mjWw kzob-tZ-imþ
±i-\-N-c-W-tcmKx tÇjva-k-´m-]\w N.

tIXpZi
inJn-P-\n-X-Z-imbmw þ- tIXp-Z-i-bnÂ,
timI-tam-lw Aw-K-\m`n þ kv{XoI-fm timIhpw
tamlhpw
( hnclmZnIsfs¡mpÅ ZpJhpw X¶nan¯apÅ a\Ým©eyhpw
þþ asämcp hymJym\w)
{]`p-P-\ -]-cn-]oUm þ {]`p-¡-fpsS ieyw,
hn¯-\m-i þ [\-\miw
A]-cm[ þ A]-cm[w,
t{]mjWw kzob-tZ-imXv þ \mSp-hn-tS-n-h-cpI,
Zi-\- N-c-W- tcmK þ ]Ãv, Im Chbv¡v tcmKw,
tÇjva-k-´m-]\w þ I^-tcm-Kw. ChbpsS ieyw.

(26)
 [432]

`rKpX\bZimbmawK\mcXv\hkv{Xþ
ZypXn\n[n[\`qjmhmPni¿mk\m]vXnx
{IbIrjnPebm\ {]m]vXhn¯mKtam hm
`hXnKpcphntbmtKm _mÔhmÀ¯nÀat\mcpIv.

ip{IZi
`rKpX\bZimbmw þ ip{IZibnÂ,
AwK\m cXv\ hkv{X ZypXn \n[n [\ `qjm hmPn i¿ Bk\m]vXnxþ
kv{Xo, cXv\w, hkv{Xw, ZypXn, \n[n, [\w, B`cW§Ä, IpXnc,
InSbv¡, Ccn¸nSw, ChbpsS e_v[n
{Ib Irjn Pebm\ {]m]vXhn¯mKa þ
I¨hSw, Irjn, Pebm{X Ch hgn [\{]m]vXn
`hXn KpcphntbmtKm þ Kpcp\mYsâ/KpcpP\§fpsS thÀ]mSv,
_mÔhmÀ¯n þ _ÔpZpJw
at\mcpIv þ at\mthZ\.

A²ym-bw 20 þ `mhm-[n-]- Z-im-^ew

Hmtcm {Kl-§-fp-sSbpw KpW-§Ä¡-\p-kr-X-ambn Ah Ah-
bpsS Zim-]-lm-c-§-fn \ÂIp¶ (kq-Nn-¸n-¡p-¶) ^e§sf-bmWv Ignª
A²ym-b-¯n hnh-cn-¨-Xv. Ah `mhm-[n-]-sc¶ \ne-bn \ÂIp¶ ^e-
§ÄIqSn AXnsâ IqsS tNÀ¯p Nn´n-¡-Ww.-

(1)
`mth-iz-tcW {]_-te\ tb\
bZy-Xv^ew lo\-_-te\ tb\
 [433]

bZm-\p-t`m-à-hy-a-\\y kayIv
kwkq-N-bn-jy-XyY kw{K-tlW.

`mth-iz-tcW {]_-te\ tb\ þ _-e-apÅ `mhm[n]-scs¡m-pw,

bZy-Xv^ew lo\-_-te\ tb\ þ ZpÀº-e-cmb `mhm-[n-]-sc-s¡mpw
DÅ ^ew,
bZm-\p-t`m-à-hy-a-\\ykayIv þ Ft¸mÄ F§ns\ A\p-`-h-s¸Spw
F¶v
kwkq-N-bn-jy-XyY kw{K-tlW þ Npcp¡n ]d-bmw.

kpØ `mhm-[n-]- Z-im-^ew

(2)
etá _enjvtT PKXn {]`pXzw
kpJ-ØnXnw tZl-_ew kphÀ¨x
D]-cyp-]-cy-`yp-Z-bm-`n-hr²nw
{]m]vt\mXn _mte-µp-h-tZj PmXx.

eám-[n-]sâ- -Zi
etá _enjvtT þ eáw _e-ap-Å-Xm-bn-cp-¶mÂ
PKXn {]`pXzw þ temI-¯n {]`p-
Xzhpw,
kpJ-ØnXnw þ kpJmh-Øbpw,
tZl-_ew þ icoc_ehpw,
kphÀ¨ þ ico-c-Im´nbpw DmIpw
_mte-µp-hXv G-j PmXx þ PmX-I³ _me-N-{µ-s\-t¸mse,
D]-cn D-]-cn A`yp-±-b A`nhr²nwþ ta¡p-ta A`yp-±-bhpw
A`nhr-²nbpw
{]m]vt\mXn þ {]m]n-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pw.

(3)
]mtI f À°-\m-Yky IpSpw-_-kn²nw
kÂ]p-{Xn-Im]vXnw kpJ-t`m-P\w N
{]m]vt\mXn hmKvPohnIbm XZpànw
[\m\n hàm kZkn {]i-kvXmw.
 [434]

cmw-`m-hm-[n-]sâ- -Zi
]mtI AÀ°-\m-Ykyþ (_e-ap-Å) cmw `mhm-[n-]sâ Zi-bnÂ,
IpSpw-_-kn²nw þ IpSpw_w,
kÂ]p-{Xn-Im]vXnwþ kZvKp-W-apÅ s]¬a-¡Ä,
kpJ-t`m-P\w þ kpJ-`-£Ww,
hmKvPo-hn-Ibm þ hmIv D]-Po-h-\-amÀ¤-w,
XZpànw [\m\nþ B hmIvkm-aÀ°yw-sImp [\-em`w,
hàm kZkn {]i-kvXmwþ kZ-Êp-I-fn {]i-kvX-\mb hmÜn-
Ch ^ew.

(4)
iutcy khotcy kl-Pm-\p-Iqeyw
kt´m-j-hm-À¯m-{i-hWw N iucyw
tk\m-]-XnXzw e`tXf `nam\w
P\m-{ibw kZvKp-W-`m-P-\-Xzw.

aq¶mw-`m-hm-[n-]sâ- -Zi
iutcy khotcy þ _e-hm-\mb aq¶mw-`m-hm-[n-]sâ
Zi-bnÂ,
kl-Pm-\p-Iqeyw þ ktlm-Z-c-·m-cpsS klmbw.
kt´m-j-hm-À¯m-{i-hWw þ kt´m-j-hmÀ¯IÄ tIÄ¡pw.
iucyw,
tk\m-]-XnXzw,
A`nam\w,
P\m-{ibw
kZvKp-W-`m-P-\-Xzw þ \à Kp-W-§Ä¡v Ccn-¸n-Sw- Ch
^ew.

(5)
_Ôq]Imcw Irjn-IÀ½-kn²ow
kv{Xokw-Kaw hml-\-em-`-taXn
t£{Xw Krlw \qX-\-aÀ°-kn²nw
Øm\-{]-ikvXnw N kptJ Zim-bmw.(1)
]mT-t`Zw þ kptJi Zmtb.
 [435]

\memw-`m-hm-[n-]sâ- -Zi
kptJ Zim-bmw þ (_ehm\mb) \memw-`m-hm-[n-]sâ Zi-bnÂ,
_Ôq]Imcw þ _Ôp-¡-sf-s¡mv D]-Imcw.
Irjn-IÀ½-kn²owþ Irjnbn \n¶p t\«w.
kv{Xokw-Kaw þ kv{XokwKaw
hml-\-em-`w- þ hml-\-em`w.
t£{Xw Krlw \qX-\w AÀ°-kn²nw þ Irjn`qan, ]pXnb hoSv, [\w,
Ch-bpmIpw.
Øm\-{]-ikvXnwþ Øm\-am-\-§Ä e`n-¡pw.

(6)
]p{X-{]m]vXnw _Ôp-hn-emkw \r]-Xo\mw
kmNnhyw hm [o-i-Z-imbmw _lp-am\w
{]mssPyÀt`m-ssPyÀar-jvSanlm-iv\mXn ZZmXn
t{ib-kvImcyw kÖ-\-ikvXw k hnZ-²ym-Xv.
A©mw-`m-hm-[n-]sâ- -Zi
[o-i-Z-imbmw þ (_e-hm-\mb) A©mw-`m-hm-[n-]-sâ ZibnÂ
]p{X-{]m]vXnw þ ]p{X-P-\\w.
_Ôp-hn-emkw þ _Ôp-¡-fp-ambn BtLm-jw.
\r]-Xn\mw kmNnhyw þ a{´n-]Zw.
_lp-am\w þ _lp-a-Xn-IÄ.
]mssPyx t`m-ssPyx ar-jvS-an-lm-iv\mXn ZZmXnþ \à `£-W-§Ä Ign-
¡p-Ibpw aäp-Å-hÀ¡p sImSp-¡p-Ibpw sN¿pI.
t{ib-kvImcyw kÖ-\-ikvXwþ kÖ-\-§-Ä {]iwkn-¡p¶ t{ibÊv
Ch- ^-ew.

(7)
cn]q¶n-l´n kml-ssk-c-co-iz-cky hÕtc
Atcm-K-Xm-ap-Zm-c-Xm--a-[r-jy-Xm-a-Xn-{in-bw.
AhnLv\Xma`uaXmaXpey_mlphocyXmþ
akwibw ktaXytYm icoc]pjvSXma]n

Bdmw-`m-hm-[n-]sâ- -Zi
Aco-iz-cky hÕtc þ(_e-hm-\mb) Bdmw-`m-hm-[nsâ –
ZibnÂ.
cn]p-³ \nl´n kml-sskx- þ kml-kw-sImv i{Xp-¡sf h[n¡pw.
 [436]

Atcm-K-Xmw- þ BtcmKyw.
DZm-c-Xm--w þ Zm\-ioew.
A[r-jyX þ AP-¿X.
AXn-{inbw þ sFizcyw.
AhnLv\Xm þ hnLv\§fnÃmXncn¡pI. .
A`uaXm þ A`uaamb t\«§Ä.
AXpey_mlphocyXm þ AXpeyamb Ic_ew.
Cu tÇmI¯nse 3, 4 hcnIÄ sImSp§ÃqÀ ]Xn¸nÂ
am{Xta ImWp¶pÅp.

(8)
k¼mZy hkv{Xm-`-cWm\n i¿mw
{]otXm caWymw ca-tX-f Xn-hocyx
ItcmXn Ieym-W-a-tlm-Õ-hm-Zo³
kt´m-j-bm{Xmw N atZ-i-Zm-tb.

Ggmw-`m-hm-[n-]sâ- -Zi
atZ-i-Zm-tb - þ (_e-hm-\mb) Ggmw-`m-hm-[n-]sâ Zi-bnÂ,
hkv{X B-`-cmWm\n i¿mwk¼mZy{]otXm caWymw ca-tX A-Xn-
hocyþ
hkv{Xw, B`-c-Ww, InSbv¡ Ch k¼m-Zn¨v `mcysb {]oX-bm¡n
hÀ-²n-X-ho-cy-t¯msS can-¡pw.
ItcmXnIeym-W-a-tlm-Õ-hm-Zo³ þ Ieym-W-§fpw aäp atlm-Õ-hm-
Zn-Ifpw
kt´m-j-bm{Xmw þ DÃm-k-bm-{X-Ifpw aäpw \S¯pw.

(9)
EW-hn-tam-N-\-apOvdXn-am-ß\x
Ie-l-Ir-Xy-\n-hr-¯n-ap-ss]Xn kx
aln-j-]-iz-P-`r-Xy-P-\m-Kaw
hbkn c{Ô-]-tXÀ_-e-im-en-\x.

F«mw-`m-hm-[n-]sâ- -Zi
 [437]

hbknc{Ô-]-tXx_-e-im-en-\x _e-hm-\mb F«mw-`m-hm-[n-]sâ

ZibnÂ,
EW-hn-tam-N-\w IS¯n \n¶pw tamN\w,
DOvdXn-w B-ß\ þ taÂKXn,
Ie-l-Ir-Xy- \n-hr-¯n-ap-ss]Xnþ hg-¡p-IÄ¡p ]cn-lmcw,
aln-j- ]-ip AP- `r-Xy-P-\ B-Kawþ t]m¯v, ]ip, BSv, the-¡mÀ
Ch h¶p-tNcpw.
(10)
kv{Xo]p{X-]u-ss{XÊl _Ôp-hÀss¤x
`mKyw {inbw N A\p-`-h-Xy-P{kw
t{ibmwkn Imcym-Wy-h-\o-i-]qPmw
`mtKy-i-Zmtb ZznP-tZ-h-`-ànw.

H¼-Xmw-`m-hm-[n-]sâ Zi
`mtKy-i-Zmtb þ (_e-hm-\mb) H¼Xmw `mhm-[n-]sâ Zi-
bnÂ,
kv{Xo]p{X-]u-ss{Xx kl _Ôp-hÀss¤x þ
`mcy, a¡Ä, a¡-fpsS a¡Ä, _Ôp-¡Ä XpS-§n-b-h-cpsS -IqsS.
`mKyw {inbw N A\p-`-h-Xy-P{kwþ
`mKyhpw sFiz-cyhpw F¶pw A\p-`-hn-¡pw.
t{ibmwkn Imcym-Wn þ t{ib-kvI-c-amb Imcy-§Ä sN¿pw.
Ah-\o-i-]qPmw þ cmP-_-lp-am\w e`n¡pw
ZznP-tZ-h-`-ànw þ {_-Ò-Úm-\n-I-fn-epw tZh-·m-cnepw `àn
DmIpw.

(11)
bXvIm-cy-am-c-_v[-ap-ss]-Xy-t\\
Xsskyh kn²nw kpJ-Po-h\w N
IoÀ¯nw {]XnjvTmw Ipi-e-{]-hr¯nw
amt\m-¶Xnw IÀ½-]-tXÀZ-im-bmw.

]¯mw-`m-hm-[n-]sâ- Zi
IÀ½-]-tXÀZ-im-bmw þ (_e-hm-\mb) ]-¯mw-`m-hm-[n-]-sâ) Zi-bnÂ,
bXvIm-cy-am-c-_v[-ap-ss]-Xn A-t\\ Xsskyh kn²nwþ
XpS-§p-¶ Imcy-saÃmw hnP-bn¡pw,
kpJ-Po-h\w N þ PohnXw kpJ-{]Z-am-Ipw.
 [438]

IoÀ¯nw þ {]ikvXn
{]XnjvT þ kÂt¸cv.
Ipi-e-{]-hr¯n þ Ipi-e-amb {]hÀ¯n-IÄ
amt\m-¶Xnw þ Øm\am\§fn DbÀ¨.

(12)
sFiz-cy-a-hym-l-X-an-jvS-_-Ôpþ
kam-Kaw `rXy-P-\mwÝ Zmkm³
kwkm-c-ku-`m-Ky-a-tlm-Z-bÝ
et`X em`m-[n-]-tXÀZ-im-bmw.

]Xn-s\m¶mw- `m-hm-[n-]sâ- -Zi

em`m-[n-]-tXÀZ-im-bmw þ
(_e-hm-\mb) ]Xns\m¶mw `mhm-[n-]sâ Zi-bnÂ.
sFiz-cy-w- Ahym-l-Xwþ
sFizcyw XSÊanÃmsX hÀ²n¨psImtbncn¡pw
C-jvS-_-Ôpkam-Kaw þ th-s¸-«-h-cpambn kamKaw DmIpw
`rXy-P-\mw N Zmkm³ þ `rXycpw Zmk-·mcpw
kwkm-c- ku-`m-Ky -a-tlm-Z-bÝ þeuIn-Iamb FÃm `mKy-
§fpw,
e`tX þ e`n¡pw.

(13)
hytb-in-XpÀhb-kyXn hybw ItcmXn kÖt\
ALu-L-\m-in\nw ip`-{Inbmw alo-i-am-\y-Xmw
\r]{]nbXzam\ytX ]cnÑZmZn e`yXmþ
aZpÀÃ`matcmKXmw ]ZØnXnw XYm]v\pbmXv.

]{´mw- `m-hm-[n-]sâ- -Zi

hytb-in-Xpx hb-kyXn--þ
(_e-hm-\mb) ]{´mw-`m-hm-[n-]sâ-ZibnÂ,
hybw ItcmXn kÖt\ þ kÖ-\-§Ä¡p thn hybw sN¿pw.
ALu-L-\m-in\nw ip`-{Inbmwþ
]m]-\m-i-I§-fmbkXvIÀ½-§Ä sN¿pw.
alo-i-am-\y-Xmw þ cmP-_-lp-am-\w Dm-Ipw.
\r]{]nbXzam\ytX þ
 [439]

cmPmhnÂ\n¶p kvt\lhpw am\yXbpw e`n¡pw.

]cnÑZmZn e`yXm þ KmÀlntIm]IcW§fpsS e_v[nbpw.
AtcmKXmw þ BtcmKyhpw
]ZØnXn þ Øm\KpWhpw DmIpw
Ggmw tÇmI¯nset¸mse Cu tÇmI¯nsebpw 3, 4 hcnIÄ sImSp§ÃqÀ ]
Xn¸n am{Xta ImWp¶pÅp.

ZpØ `mhm[n] Zim-^-ew

(14)
h{I-Kky \nP-Xpw-K-kp-lr-Õ-Xvþ
Øm\-Kky Xp Zim-^-e-tahw
i{Xp-\o-N-Kr-l-au-Vy-j-U-´yþ
On{ZKky Xp ^em-\y]n ht£y.

h{I-Kky \nP-Xpw-K -kp-lr-Xv kXvØm\-Kky Xp Zim-^-ew- Ghw

þ h{I-w, D¨w, an{X-t£-{Xw, kpØm\w (6þ8-þ12 Hgn-¨p-Åh) Ch-
bn \n¡p¶ {Kl-§fpsS Zim-^ew, AXmbXv _eapÅ `mhm[n ]cpsS
Zim^ew, taÂ]-dªXp-t]msebmWv .i{Xp, \o-N-{Krl, au-Vy-, j-U-´y
On{ZKky ^em-\n A]n ht£y. þ i{Xp-t£-{Xw, Xsâ \oN-cminbnÂ
\n¡p-¶ -{Klw, auVy-apÅ {Klw, 6þ12-þ8 `mh-§fn \n¡p¶
{Klw XpS§nbhbpsS, -AXmbXv _eanÃm¯ `mhm[n]cpsS Zim^ew,
C\n ]d-bp-¶p.

(15)
ZpxtØ eá-]Xu \ntcm-[-\-ap-ss]-Xy-Úm-X-hmkw `bw
hym[ym-[n-\n-X-c-{In-bm-`n-K-a\w(1) Øm\-NypXnw Nm]Zw
PmUyw kwkZn hm¡p-Spw-_-N-e\w Zpjv]-{XnImw Zr{KpPw
hmKvtZmjw {Zhn-W-hybw \r]-`bw ZpxtØ ZznXo-bm-[n-t].
(1) ]mT-t`Zw þ hym[ym-[o-\-]-c-{In-bm-`n-K-a\w

ZpÀº-e-\mb eám[n]sâ Zi-bnÂ

ZpxtØ eá-]Xu þ eá-\m-[n-]³ ZpØ-\m-bmÂ,
\ntcm-[\w- Dss]-Xn þ hne¡pIÄ({]hr¯nIÄ¡p hne¡v)
AÚm-X-hmkw þ Hfnhn Ign-tb--Xmbpw hcpI,
`bw hym[n B-[n þ t]Sn, tcmKw, ZpJw,
 [440]

CX-c-{In-bm-`n-K-a\w þ CX-c-{In-b-Isf A`n-K-an-

¡p-I.
A`n-K-an-¡pI þ {]m]n-¡p-I, A\p-K-an-¡p-I.
Øm\-NypXnw N B]Zw þ Øm\-{`wihpw B]¯pw

-ZpxtØ ZznXo-bm-[n-t] þ ZpÀº-e-\mbcmw`mhm[n]sâ

Zi-bnÂ
PmUyw kwkZn þ kZ-Ên tim`n-¡msX hcpI
hmIv Ip-Spw-_-N-e\w þ hm¡p]men-¡m³ Ign-bmsX
hcpI,
hoSp-am-dpI
Zpjv]-{XnImw þ tZmj-I-c-amb I¯p-IÄ
Zr{KpPw þ ZrIv cpPw þ t\{X-tcmKw
hmKvtZmjw þ \mhp ]ng-bv¡pI,
{Zhn-W-hybw þ [\-\jvSw,
\r]-`bw þ cmP-tIm]w.

(16)
ZpÝn-XvIm-[n-]Xu ktlm-Z-c-arXnw Imtcy Zpcm-tem-
N-\mþ
a´È{Xp-\n-]o-U\w ]cn-`hw XZvKÀh -`wKw htZXv.
amXr-t¢-i-a-cn-jvS-an-jvS-kp-lrZmw t£{X-Kr-tlm-]-¹pXnw
]iz-izm-Zn-hn-\m-i\w Pe-`bw ]mXm-f-\m-tY f _-te.

ZpÝn-XvIm-[n-]Xu þ ZpÀº-e-\mb aq¶mw`mhm[n]sâ Zi-bnÂ,

ktlm-Z-c-arXn þ ktlm-Z-c-a-cWw,
Imtcy Zpcm-tem-N-\mwþ ZpÀÆn-Nmcw,
A´xi{Xp-\n-]o-U\w, ]cn`hw þ a\x-t¢-iw, i{Xp-]oU, ]cn-`hw
KÀh-`wKw þ Al-¦m-c-\miw

]mXm-f-\m-tY A-_-teþ ZpÀº-e-\mb \memw`mhm[n]sâ Zi-

bnÂ
amXr-t¢-i-w amXr-ZpJw
Acn-jvSw C--jvS-kp-lrZmw þ th-s¸-«-hÀ¡v AcnjvSw,
ZpJw t£{X- Kr-tlm-]-¹pXnwþ `qan¡pw hoSn\pw \miw,
 [441]

]ip Aizm-Zn -hn-\m-i\w þ ip-¡Ä, IpXn-c-IÄ Ch-b¡p

\miw, Pe-`bw.

(7)
hotcymt\ {]Xn-`m-]Xu kpX-ar-Xn _p-²n-{`aw h©\mw
A²zm-\w- lyp-Z-cm(PTcm)-abw \c-]tXx tIm]w kzi-àn-£bw
tNmcm-Xv `o-Xn A\À°-Zw N Za\w tcmKm³ _lq³ ZpjvIrXnw
`rXyXzw e`tX f h-am-\abix jjvtT-i-Zmtb {hWw.

hotcymt\ {]Xn-`m-]Xu þZpÀº-e-\mb A©mw`mhm[n]sâ Zi-bnÂ,

kpX-ar-Xn þ ]p{X-a-cWw,
_p-²n-{`aw þ {`m´v,
h©\,
A²zm-\w, -
D-Z-cm-abw þ hb-än\v AkpJw,
\c-]tXx tIm]w þ cmP-tIm]w,
kzi-àn-£bw þ _e-£-bw,

jjvtT-i-Zmtb þ ZpÀº-e-\mb Bdmw`mhm[n]sâ Zi-bnÂ,

tNmcm-Xv `o-Xn þ XkvI-c-`bw,
A\À°-Zw -- þ A\À°-§Ä,
Za\w þ Io-g-S-§Â / Iogvs¸SÂ,
tcmKm³ _lq³ þ tcmK-]oU,
ZpjvIrXnw þ ZpjvIÀ½-§Ä,
`rXyXzw þ ZmkXzw,
Ah-am-\w-
Abix þ ZpjvIoÀ¯n,
{hWw.

(18)
Pmam-XpÀhy-k\w If-{X-hn-clw kv{Xotl-Xz-\À°m-Kaw
Zyqt\ti hn_-en-\y-k-Xy-`n-cXnw Kplym-abw NmS\w
 [442]

ct{Ô-im-bpjn timI-tam-l-a-Z-\m-ÕÀÆm-`n-aqÀtÑm-
{OXnw
Zmcn{Zyw {`aWw htZ-Z-]-b-tim-hym-[o-\-hÚmw arXnw.

Zyqt\ti hn_-en-\n þ Ggmw-`m-hm-[n-]\p _e-an-sÃ-¦nÂ,

Pmam-Xpx hy-k\w þ aI-fpsS `À¯mhv aqew ZpJw,
If-{X-hn-clw þ `mcym-hn-clw,
kv{Xotl-Xp A\À°m-Kaw þ kv{Xo Im-cWw A\À°-§Ä,
Ak-Xn A-`n-cXnw þ ]ng¨ kv{XoI-fp-ambn _Ôw,
Kplym-abw þ Kply-tcmKw,
AS\w þ Ducp-Np-äÂ,

ZpÀº-e-\mb F«mw`mhm[n]sâ Zi
ct{Ô-im-bpjn þ ZpÀº-e-\mb F«mw `mhm-[n-]sâ Zi-bnÂ,
timI -tam-l -a-Z-\m-Xv kÀÆm-`n-aqÀtÑm-{OXnwþ
ZpJw, tamlw,-Imaw Ch-aqew {]iv\-§Ä,
Zmcn{Zyw,
{`aWw þ Id¡w, Ae-ªp-Xn-cn-bÂ,
A-]-b-tim- þ Zpjv-IoÀ¯n
hym-[o-³ þ tcmK-§Ä,
A-hÚmw þ \nµ
arXnw þ acWw,
(19)
]qÀthm-]m-knXtZh-tIm]aip`w Pmbm-X-\q-Pm-]Zw
ZujvIrXyw kzKptcmx ]nXpÝ \n[\w ssZ\yw ipt` ZpÀºte
bZyXv IÀ½ ItcmXn X¯-Z-^ew kym·m-\-`wKw \t`mþ
`mth ZpÀ¤p-WXmw {]hm-k-a-ip`w ZpÀhr-¯n-am-]-¶-Xmw.

ipt` ZpÀºteþ ZpÀº-e-\m-b H¼Xmw -`m-hm-[n-]sâ Zi-bnÂ,

]qÀthm-]m-knXtZh-tIm]wþap¼v D]m-kn-¨n-cp¶ tZh-X-bpsS
tIm]w,
Aip`w,
Pmbm- X-\q-P B-]Zw þ `mcybv¡pw a¡Ä¡pw B]¯v
vZujvIrXyw þ ZpjvIÀ½-§Ä
kzKptcmx ]nXpÝ \n[\w þ Kpcp-hn\pw AÑ\pw acWw
ssZ\yw þ Zo\X
 [443]

\t`m `mth þ ZpÀºe-\mb ]¯mw-`m-hm-[n-]-sâ Zi-bnÂ,

bZyXv IÀ½ ItcmXn, X¯-Xv A-^ewþ
sN¿p¶ IÀ½-§-sfÃmw \njv^-e-am-hpI,
am-\-`wKw,
ZpÀ¤p-WXmw þ ZpÀ¤p-W-§Ä,
{]hm-k-w þ A\y-tZ-i-hmkw,
Aip`w,
ZpÀhr-¯n- þ Zpjv{]-hÀ¯n-IÄ
B]-¶-Xmw þ B]-¯p-IÄ.

(20)
{ih-W-a-ip-`-hmNmw {`mXr-IjvSw kpXmÀ¯nw
`h-]-h-bkn ssZ\yw h©\w IÀ®-tcmKw
_lp-cp-P-a-]-am\w _Ô\w kÀh-k-¼Xv
£b-a-]-c-iio hm bmXn cnt^-i-Zm-tb.

`h-]-h-bkn þ ]Xn-s\m-¶mw-`m-hm-[n-]sâ Zi-bnÂ,

{ih-W-w A-ip-`-hmNm þ Aip-`-hmÀ¯-IÄ tI¡pw.
{`mXr-IjvSw þ ktlm-Z-c\p (tPyjvT\p) -IjvSw
kpXmÀ¯nw þ ]p{X-ZpJw
ssZ\yw, h©\w, IÀ®-tcmKw
cnxt^-i-Zm-tbþ ]{´-mw-`m-hm-[n-]sâ Zi-bnÂ
_lp-cp-Pw- þ hfsc tcmK-§Ä
A-]-am\w
_Ô\w
kÀh-k-¼Xv £b-w- A]-c-iio hm þ
Idp¯ ]£¯nse N{µs\t¸mse ]Sn]Snbmbn kIe k¼¯pw \in¡pw

.(21)
kwÚmbmw bZ-Km-¨ -ImcI-hn-[n-tÇm-tIjp bÖ¸nXw
IÀ½m-Po-h-\n-cq-]nXw ^e-anZw bt{Zm-K-Nn-´m-hn[u
bZy-tky-£-W-tbm-K-kw-`-h-^ew `mth-i-tbm-tKm-Ûhw
`mth-ssi-c-]n- `m-h-ssK-c-]n- ^ew hmNyw Zim-bm-an-l.

Zim^e{]hN\¯n {i²nt¡
 [444]

Nne {][m\ Imcy§§Ä

kwÚmbmw bZ-Km- N þkwÚm²ym-b-¯nepw (A²ymbw 1 )

ImcI-hn-[n-tÇm-tIjp bÖ¸nXw ImcIhn[n A²ymb¯nepw (A²ymbw
2)
IÀ½m-Po-h--\n-cq-]nXw þ IÀ½m--Po-h-{]-I-c-W-¯nepw,
( A²ymbw 5 )
bXv tcmK-Nn-´m-hn[u þ tcmK-Nn-´m-hn-[n-bnepw, (A²ymbw 14)
^e-anZw þ]d-ªn-«p-Å- ^e-§fpw,
bZy-ky -Cu£-W -tbm-K -kw-`-h-^ew þ{Kl-§-fpsS ZrjvSn, tbmKw
Ch-bpsS ^ew, (A²ymbw 18)
`mth-ssi- `m-h-ssK- `mthitbmtKm-Ûhw þ `mhm-[n-]cpsS
hnhn[ `mh§fnse ØnXn, tbmKw ChbpsS ^ew (A²ymbw 15, 1)
^ew hmNyw Zim-bm-an-l þ
XpS§nbhsbÃmwXs¶ ]cnKWn¨n«p thWw Zim^ew ]dbm³.

(22)
hÀt¤m-¯-amw-i-Ø-Zim ip`-{]Zm
anss{ih km NmkvX-antX N \oNtK
arXypÀhy-bm-co-i-Z-im-]-lm-c-tbmþ
kvX{X ØnX-kym-]y-ip`w ^ew `th-Xv.

hÀt¤m-¯-amw-i-Ø- Zim ip`-{]Zmþ

hÀt¤m-a-Øn-Xn-bpÅ{Kl-¯nsâ Zi ip`-{]-Z-am-Ipw.
anss{ih km N AkvX-antX N \oNtK þ
B {Kl¯n\p auVytam \oN-tam h¶m an{i-^ew,
arXypx hy-b A-co-i - þ 8þ12-þ6 `mhm-[n-]-cpsSbpw
X{X ØnX-ky A-]n þ B `mh-§-fn \n¡p¶ {Kl-§-fpsSbpw
Z-im-]-lm-c-tbmx þ Zim]lmc§Ä
A-ip`w ^ew `th-Xv þ Aip`^e-{]-Z-§-fm-bn-cn-¡pw.

(23)
{Iqc-{K-l-sskyh Zim-]-lmtc
{Xn]-©-k-]vXÀ£-]-tXÀhn-]mtI
XssYh P·m-jvSa\m-Y-`pàu
tNmcm-cn-]oUmw e`-tX f f Xn-Zpx-Jw.
 [445]

{Iqc-{K-l-sskyh Zim-]-lmtc þIqc-{K-l-§-fpsS Zim-]-lm-c-§-

fnepw,
{Xn ]-©- k-]vXÀ£]-tXx hn-]mtI
þ3þ5-þ7 \£-{Xm-[n-]-cpsS ZimIme-§-fnepw,
XssYh þ AXp-t]mse,
P·m-jvSa\m-Y-`pàu þ F«mw-`m-hm-[n-]sâ A]-lm-c-Im-e¯pw,
tNmc A-cn -]oUmw þ IÅ-·mÀ, i{Xp-¡Ä Ch-cpsS D]-{Z-
hhpw,
A-Xn-Zpx-Jw þ - ZpJhpw DmIpw.
(24)
it\-Ý-XpÀ°o N KptcmkvXp jjvTo
Zim IpPmtlymÀbZn ]©ao km
IjvSm `th-{Zm-iy-h-km-\-`m-Kþ
ØnXky ZpxØm-\-]-tX-kvX-ssY-h.

it\-x N-XpÀ°o þ i\nbpsS Zi \mem-a-Xmtbm

KptcmkvXp jjvTo þ hymg-¯nsâ Zi Bdm-a-Xmtbm
Zim IpPmtlymx bZn ]©ao þ IpPsâbpw cmlphntâbpw Zi
A©maXmtbm h¶mepw
km IjvSm þ B Zi IjvS^e-{]Z-am-Ipw.
cm-iy-h-km-\-`m-KØnXkyþ cmin-bpsS Ah-km-\-`mKbnÂ
\n¡p¶ {Kl¯nsâ Zibpw
ZpxØm-\-]-tX-x þ ZpØm\]XnbpsS Zibpw
X-ssY-h þ A{]-Imcw Xs¶ (tZm-j-I-c-am-Wv.)
,
(25)
DuÀ²zm-ky-Xpw-K-`-h-\-Øn-X-`q-an-Pky
IÀ½m-b-Kky ln Zim hnZ-[mXn cmPyw
PnXzm cn]q³ hn]p-e-hm-l-\-ssk-\y-bpàmw
cmPy-{inbw hnX-\p-tX- f [n-I-a-¶-Zm\w.

DuÀ²zm-ky- -þ DuÀ²z-ap-J-cm-inbn-tem,
Xpw-K-`-h-\- þ D¨-cm-in-bntem,
IÀ½m Bb-Kky þ ]¯v ]Xn-s\m-¶v `mh-§fntem \n¡p¶,
`q-an-Pky Zim þ IpPsâ Zi-bnÂ,
 [446]

PnXzm cn]q³ þ i{Xp-¡sf Pbn¨v,

hn]p-e- hm-l-\ -ssk-\y- bpàmw þ
hfsc hml-\-§fpw ssk-\y-§fpapÅ,
cmPyw hnZ-[mXnþ cmPyw t\Sp-¶p.,
cmPy-{inbw þ cmPy{io DmIp¶p.
hnX-\p-tX-A[n-I-a-¶-Zm\wþ
[cm-f-ambn A¶-Zm\w sN¿p-Ibpw sN¿p-¶p.

(26)
tkzm¨-ØntXm `rKp-kptXm hyb-IÀ½tKm hm
emt` f ]n hm f kvX-c-lntXm \ N ]m]-bpàx
Xkym-_vZ-]m-I-hn-jtb _lp-c-Xv\-]qÀt®m
[oam³ hnim-e-hn-`thm PbXn {]i-kvXx.

`rKp-kptXm tkzm¨-ØntXm þ ip{I³ D¨-¯ntem B ØnXn

hyb- IÀ½tKm hm emt` A]n þ ]{´-ntem, ]¯ntem,]Xn-s\m-¶ntem,
AkvX-c-lntXm þ auVy-tam,
\ N ]m]-bpà þ ]m]tbm-Ktam C--ÃmsX \n¶mÂ,
Xky A_vZ-]m-I-hn-jtb þ B ip{Isâ Zim-]-lm-c-§fnÂ,
_lp-c-Xv\-]qÀt®m þ hfsc cXv\-§fpÅh\pw
[oam³ þ _p²n-am\pw,
hnim-e-hn-`thm þ hn`-h-k¼-¶-\pw,
{]i-kvX –þ {]i-kvX-\pw BIpw.

(27)
\oNm-cn-j-jvT-hy-b-kw-{inXm ln
ip`mx {]b-Ñ-´yip-`m\n kÀth
ipt`-X-cm-tlyjp KXm {]bÝ
´ytam-L-Zpx-Jm\n Zimkp tXjmw.

\oN Acn- j-jvT- hy-b- kw-{inXm ln þ

\oNw, i{Xp-t£{Xw, 6þ12 `mh-§Ä Ch-bn \n¡p¶
ip`m {]b-Ñ-´n Aip-`m\n kÀth þ
ip`·mÀ Aip-`-^-e-§Ä \ÂIp-¶p.
ipt`-X-cm-tlyjp KXm {]bÝ´n þ
]m]-·mÀ¡mWv C¯cw ZpØnXn-bp-Å-sX-¦nÂ
 [447]

Atam-L- Zpx-Jm\n Zimkp tXjmw.

Ah-bpsS Zi-bn AXy´w ZpJs¯ sN¿p¶p.

(28)
Zti-i-i-t{Xm-c-cn-tK-l-`mtPm
etá-i-i-t{Xm-c]n hmfY `pàu
it{XmÀ`bw Øm\-`(e)bx XZmky
kv\nKvt²m f ]n i{Xp-Xz-ap-ss]Xn \q\w.

Zti-i- i-t{Xm-x þ Zim-\m-Ysâ i{Xp-hn-sâbpw,

Acn-tK-l-`mtPm þ Bdmw-`m-h-¯nÂ\n¡p¶{Kl-¯n-sâbpw,
etá-i- i-t{Xm-x þ eám-[n-]sâ i{Xp-hn-sâbpw,
`pàu þ A]-lm-c-¯nÂ,
it{Xmx `bw þ i{Xp-`bw,
Øm\(`bw)Ne\w þ Øm\-N-e\w,
kv\nKvt[m]n i{Xp-Xz-w Dss]Xn þ
_Ôp-¡ÄIqSn i{Xp-¡fmIpI F¶n-h ^ew.

(29)
bÛm-hKx ]mI-]-XnÀ±-ti-imþ
¯Ûm-h-Pm-Xm\n ^em\n IpcymXv
hn]-£cnx^mjvSa-`m-h-K-tÝXv
ZpxJw hnZ-[rm-Zn-X-c{X kuJyw.

bÛm-hKx ]mI-]-XnÀ±-ti-im þ Zim-\m-Y\nÂ\n¶pw F{Xm-as¯ `mh-

¯nemtWm A]-lmc\m-Y³ \n¡p-¶pXv-,
XÛm-h-Pm-Xm\n ^em\n IpcymXv þB `mh-¯n\v A\p-kr-X-am-b –
^-e-§-fmWv B {Klw (A]-lm-c-\m-Y³) \ÂIpI.
hn]-£ cnx^ AjvS-a -`m-h-K-tÝXv ZpxJw þ Zim-\m-Y\nÂ\n¶pw
6þ8-þ 12 `mh-§-fn \n¡p¶ A]-lm-c-\m-Y³ ZpJhpw
hnZ-[r-Zn-c{X kuJyw þ AX-Ãm¯ `mh-§-fn \n¡p¶ A]-lm-c-\m-Y³
kpJhpw Xcpw.

(30)
tkzm¨-{Xn-tIm-W-kz-ln-Xm-cn-\otN
]qÀ®w {Xn]m-ZmÀ²-]-Zm¸ iq\yw
 [448]

{IamÑp`w tNZ-ip`w hntem-amÂ

aqtV {Ktl \oN-^ew kaw(1) kymXv.
(1) ]mTt`Zw: \oNkaw ^ew

tkzm¨- {Xn-tIm-W- kz-ln-X A-cn- \otN þ

D¨w, aqe{XntIm-Ww, kzt£{Xw, _Ôpt£{Xw, i{Xpt£{Xw, \oNw
Ch-bn \n¡p¶ {Kl-§Ä,
]qÀ®w {Xn]m-Z AÀ² - ]-Z A¸ iq\yw þ
]qÀ®w, ap¡mÂ, Ac, Imev, A¸w, iq\yw
{Iam ip`w tNXv þ F¶n-§-s\ {Ia-¯n ip`^ehpw
A-ip`w hntem-am þ hntem-a-ambn Aip-`-^ehpw \ÂIpw.
aqtV {Ktl \oN-^ew kaw kymXv þ auVyapÅ {Kl¯nsâ ^ew
\oN-apÅ {Kl-¯nsâ ^e¯n\p kaamWv. (iq\yw)..

(31)
aµ-am-µy-ln-J-tc-i-c-{Ô]m
kvX¶-hmw-i-]-X-tbm f -]n tb {Klmx
tXjp Zp˼-e-Zim arXn-{]Zmx
IjvSt` NcXn kqcy-\-µ-t\.

aµ -am-µn A-ln- J-tc-i -c-{Ô]m þ i\n, Kpfn-I³, cmlp, 22-

þmw--t{Z¡m-W A[n-]³, AjvS-am-[n-]³ Chcpw
X¶-hmw-i-]-X-tbm A]n tb {Klmxþ Ch-cpsS \hmw-im-[n-]-·m-
cpw Bb {Kl-§-fnÂ,
tXjp ZpÀº-e-Zim þ ZpÀº-e-\mb {Kl-¯nsâ Zi-bnÂ,
IjvSt` NcXn kqcy-\-µ-t\ þ
i\n (Nm-c-h-imÂ) ZpØm-\¯p hcp-t¼mÄ,
arXn-{]Zm þ ac-W-Im-c-W-am-Ipw.

(32)
arXo-i-\m-Y-Øn-X-`mw-i-tI-itbmx
Jc-{Xn-`m-tK-iz-c-tbmÀÆ_eo-bkx
Zim-Kta arXyp-]-bp-à-`mw-i-Iþ
{XntIm-WtK tZh-Kpcu X\p-£bx
 [449]

arXo-i- \m-Y -Øn-X -`mw-i-tI-itbmx - þ AjvS-am-[n-]³, B

{Klw \n¡p¶ cmin-bpsS A[n-]³, Awi-In¨ cmin-\m-Y³,*
Jc-{Xn-`m-tK-iz-c-tbmx þ 22-þmwt{Z¡m-Wm-[n-]³,
_eo-bkx Zim-Kta þ Ch-cn _e-hm\mb {Kl-¯nsâ Zi-bnÂ,
arXyp-]-bp-à-`mw-i-I {XntIm-WtK tZh-Kpcp þ hymgw AjvS-a-
¯ntem AXnsâ {XntIm-W-¯ntem Nmc-h-im hcp¶ ka-b¯v,
X\p-£bx þ tZl\miw (acWw) kw`-hn-¡pw.
* ar-Xo-i³ \n¡p¶ cmin-bpsS \mY³ \n¡p¶ \hmw-i-¯nsâ \mY³ F¶pw
ImWp¶p.

(33)
NXpjvS-bØm Kpcp-P-·-e-á]m
`h´n at[y hb-kx kp-J-{]Zmx
{ItaW ]rjvtSm-`b akvX-tIm-Zb
ØntXm- f ´yya-²y-{]-Y-tajp ]mI-Zx.

NXpjvS-bØm Kpcp-P-·-e-á]m –þ
hymgw, P·-cm-iym-[n-]³, eám-[n-]³ ChÀ
NXpjvS-bØm þ tI{µ-¯n \n¶mÂ
`h´n at[y hb-kx kp-J-{]Zmxþ a²y-h-b-Ên kpJ-{]-Z-am-Ipw.

]rjvtSm-Zb D`-tbm-Zb akvX-tIm-Zb ØnX- þ ]rjvtSm-Z-bw, D`-tbm-

Z-bw, þ ioÀtjm-Zbw F¶n-h-I-fn \n¡p¶ {Kl-§Ä,
{ItaW A´y a-²y -{]-Y-tajp ]mI-Zx þ
{Ia-¯n Ah-km-\w, a²yw, BZy`mK-§-fn ^ew \ÂIpw.

(34)
bZv`m-htKm tKmN-ctXm hne-ámXv
Zti-izcx tkzm¨-kp-lr-ZvKr-lØx
XZv`mh-]pjvSnw IpcptX XZm\nw
_em-\zn-XtÝÖ\-t\ f]n Xky.

_em-\zn-XP\-t\]n ...Zti-izcx þ PmXIm _e-hm-\mb Zim-\m-Y³,

bÛm-htKm tKmN-ctXm þ Nmc-h-imÂ
 [450]

tkzm¨- kp-lr-ZvKr-lØ þ kzt£-{Xw, D¨w, an{X-t£{Xw

XpS§nb
_eapÅ Øm\§fn hcpt¼mÄ,
XÛm-h-]pjvSnw IpcptX XZm\nwþ B `mh§fpsS ]pjvSnsb¡qSn -
sN¿p-¶p..(\Ã ^ew \ÂIp-¶p.) (cN\bnepÅ {]tXyIX sImmImw Cu
tÇmI¯n\p ]e hymJym\§fp-v.)

(35)
_tem-\ntXm P·\n ]mI-\mtYm
auVyw kz\oNw cn]p-a-µncw hm
{]m]vXÝ bÛm-h-ap-ss]Xn NmcmXv
XÛm-h-\miw IpcptX XZm-\nw.

auVyw kz\oNw cn]p-a-µncw hm {]m]vXÝ þ

auVyw, \oNw, i{Xp-t£{Xw Ch-bnse ØnXnsImv
_tem-\tXm P·\n ]mI-\mtYm þ
PmXIm _e-lo-\-\mb Zim-\m-Y³
bÛm-h-ap-ss]Xn Nmcm þ
Nmc-h-im GXp `mh¯n hcp-¶pthm,
XÛm-h-\miw IpcptX XZm-\nw þ
At¸mÄ B `mh-¯n\p \mis¯ sN¿p-¶p.

(36)
Zti-iky XpwtK kplr-tÛ -Z-ti-iþ
{XnjvS-I-À½-em-`-{Xn-tIm-Wm-kvX-t`jp
bZm Nmc-KXym kam-bmXn N{µx
ip`w kwhn-[-t¯- f \yYm tNZ-cnjvSw.

Zti-iky XpwtK kplr-tÛ þ Zim-\m-Ysâ D¨-cmin, an{X-t£-{Xw,

{Xn jvS -I-À-½ -em-` -{Xn-tIm-W A-kvX-t`jpþ
Zti-isâ 3þ6-þ10-þ11, {XntImWw (5, 9 ), 7 Ch-bnÂ
bZm Nmc-KXym kam-bmXn N{µx þ N{µ³ Nmch-im hcp-t¼mÄ,
ip`w kwhn-[-t¯ þ ip`-^ew \ÂIp-¶p.
A-\yYm tNXv Acn-jvSw þ AsÃ-¦n tZmj-^-ew.

(37)
 [451]

]mI-{]-`pÀtKm-N-cXx kz\oNw
auVyw bZm bmXn hn]-£`w hm
IjvSw hnZ-[ymXv kzKrlw kzXpwKw
h{Iw KtX kuJy-^ew XZm-\ow.

]mI-{]-`px tKm-N-cXx þ Zim\m-Y³ Nm-c-h-imÂ,

kz\oNw auVyw hn]-£`w bmXn XZm þ \oNw, auVyw, i{Xp-t£{Xw
Ch-bn Ft¸mÄ hcp-¶pthm At¸mÄ,
IjvSw hnZ-[ymXv þ IjvS-^ew DmIp¶p.,
kzKrlw kzXpwKw h{Iw KtX þ
kzt£-{Xw, D¨w, h{Iw Ch-bn hcp-t¼mÄ,
kuJy-^ew XZm-\ow. þ kpJ-^-ehpw Xcp-¶p.

(38)
]mtI-iky ip`-{]-Zky `h\w
XpwKw {]]t¶ bZm
kqtcy XÂ^-e-kn-²n-taXn Kpcp-Wm f þ
t]yhw ^ew Nn´-tbXv

\oNw IjvS-^-eky Xky N Zim-þ

\m-Yky sshcnKrlw
{]m]vtX `mkzXn tKmN-tcW e`tX
Xsskyh IjvSw ^ew.

]mtI-iky ip`-{]-Zky `h\w XpwKw þ

ip`{]Z\mb Zim\mYsâ D¨-cm-in-bnÂ
{]]t¶ bZm kqcyþ
Ft¸mÄ kqcy³ hcp-¶pthm A-t¸mÄ,
XÂ^-e-kn-²n-taXn þ
B ip`-^ew A\p-`-h-¯n hcpw.,
Kpcp-Wm A]n Ghw ^ew Nn´-tbXv þ
hymg-hpw C{]-Imcw ip`-^ew Xcpw.,
IjvS-^-eky Xky N Zim-\m-Yky þ
IjvS-^ew Xcp¶ Zim-\m-Ysâ
\oNw sshcn-Krlw þ \oN-cm-in-bnepw i{Xp-t£-{X-¯nepw,
{]m]vtX `mkzXn tKmN-tcW þ kqcy³ Nmc-h-im hcp-t¼mÄ,
 [452]

e`tX Xsskyh IjvSw ^ew þ IjvS-^-ehpw A\p-`-h-am-Ip-¶p

(39)
tb\ {KtlW klntXm `pP-Km-[n-\mYþ
kvXXvtJ-S-Pm-X-Kp-W-tZm-j-^-em\n IpcymXv
kÀ]m-\zn-Xx k Xp JK-Èp-`-tZm]n IjvSw
ZpxJw Zim-´y-k-atb IpcptX hnti-jmXv.

tb\ {KtlW klntXm `pP-Km-[n-\mY þ

cmlp GXp {Kl-¯nsâ IqsS-bmtWm \n¡p-¶Xv,
XÂtJ-S-Pm-X-Kp-W-tZm-j-^-em\n IpcymXv þ
B {Kl-¯n\p ka-am-b Kp-W-tZm-j-^-e§Ä \ÂIpw.
kÀ¸m-\zn-X JK- ip-`-tZm]nþ
cmlp-hn-sâ-IqsS \n¡p¶ {Klw ip`-^-e-Z-\m-sW-¦n¡qSn
Zim-´y-k-atbþ Zi-bpsS A´y-`m-K¯p
hnti-jm þ hntij^eambn
IjvSw, ZpxJw IpcptX þIjvShpw ZpJhpw Xcp-¶-XmWv.

(40)
ZzmhÀ°-Im-am-hnl amc-ImJyu
kvXZo-iz-c-kvX-{X-KtXm _emVyx
l´n kz]mtI \n[-t\iztcm hm
hytb-iztcm hm]y-Xn-ZpÀº-e-tÝXv

ZzmhÀ°-Im-am-hnlþ AÀ°w (2) Imaw (7) F¶o cp `mh-§fpw,

amc-ImJyu þ amcI§sf¶v Adnb-s¸-Sp-¶p
XZo-iz-c -.. _emVyxþ Ah-bpsS _eim-en-Ifmb A[n-]-·mcpw
X-{X-KtXm þ Ah-bn \n¡p-¶ (_e--apÅ) {Kl§fpw
l´n kz]mtI þ X§-fpsS Zibn h[n¡p¶p.
\n[-t\iztcm hm hytb-iztcm hm A]n þ F«mw-`m-hm-[n-]-Xnbpw
]{´mw `mhm-[n-]-Xnbpw
A-Xn-ZpÀº-e-tÝXv þ hfsc ZpÀº-e-cm-bn-cp-¶mepw
(A§ns\ kw`hn¡pw.)
(41)
 [453]

tIt{µ-iky ktXm - f ktXm ip`-ip`u Ipcy-±-im- tIm-W]mx

kÀtÆ tim`-\Z kv{Xossh-cn-`-h]m bZy]y\À°-{]Zmx--
ct{Ô-tim – f ]n -hn-e-át]m bZn ip`w Ipcym-{Z-hnÀhm iio
btZyhw ip`Zx ]cm-i-c-aXw X¯-±-imbmw ^ew.

tIt{µ-iky ktXm- AktXm ip`-ip`u þ

tI{µm[n]XyapÅ Aip`³ ip`^ehpw ip`³ Aip`^ehpw Xcpw.
Zim-tIm-W]mx kÀtÆ tim`-\Z þ
{XntImWm[n]cmb {Kl§Ä (AhÀ ip`cmbmepw ]m]cmbmepw)
ip`^ew sN¿pw.
{Xo ssh-cn- `-h]m A\À°-{]Zmþ
3, 6, 11 `mhm-[n-]À (ip`-cm-bmepw) Ah-cpsS Zi-bn A\À°-§Ä
sN¿pw.
ct{Ô-tim A-]n- hn-e-át]m bZn ip`w... þ
AjvS-am-[n-]\p eám-[n-]Xyw IqSn Ds¦n ip`-^-ew \ÂIpw.
c-hnx hm iio bZn Ghw þ
kqcyt\m N{µt\m C{]-Im-c-am-sW-¦n¡qSn
(A-jvS-am-[n-]-Xy-ap-s-¦nepw)
ip`Zx ]cm-i-c-aXw X¯-±-imbmw ^ewþ
Ah-cpsS Zi-bn ip`-^ew Xcp-sa¶v ]cm-i-c-a-Xw. (kqcy-N-
{µ·mÀ¡v AjvS-am-[n-]XytZmj-an-Ã.)
(42)
tImWm-[oix tI{µKx tI{µt]m hm
tImW-ØÝ Zzu N tbmK-{]Zu Xu
Zzmh-t]yXu `pàn-Imte Zimbmþ
at\ym\yw Xu tbmKZu tkm]-Im-cu

tImWm-[oix þ {XntIm-Wm-[n-]À (1,5,9 `mhm-

[n-]À),
tI{µt]m þ tI{µm-[n-]-Xn-IÄ (1-þ4-þ7-þ10 `mhm-
[n-]À)
tI{µKx þ tI{µ-§fn \n¡p-¶-hÀ,
tImW-ØÝ þ {XntIm-W-§-fn \n¡p-¶-hÀ,
Zzu N tbmK-{]Zu Xu þ CXn cp-t]À (tI{µw + {XntImWw)
tNÀ¶m tbmK-{]-Z-cm-Ipw
Zzu A-]n GXu `pàn-Imte Zimbmw þcp-t]cpw AhcpsS
 [454]

Zim]lmc Ime§fnÂ
At\ym\yw Xu tbmKZu tkm]-Im-cu þ ]-c-kv]cw tbmK{]Zcmb
D]-Im-cn-IfmIpw.

43 apX 54 hscbpÅ tÇmI§Ä ]cmictlmcbnÂ\n¶p

apÅhbmWv PmXIN{µnI, eLp]cmicn, DUpZmb{]Zo]w F¶o
eLp{KÙ§fn Cu tÇmI§Ä kamlcn¨n«papv.

(43)
\ Znti-bpÀ{K-lm-x kÀth kzZ-imkp kz`p-ànjp
ip`m-ip-`-^ew \rWm--amß-`m-hm-\p-cq-]Xx.

{K-lm-x kÀth þ FÃm {Kl§fpw

kzZ-imkp kz`p-ànjp þ
kz´w Zi-Ifn kz´w A]-lm-c-Im-e-¯v
ip`m-ip-`-^ew \rWm--amß-`m-hm-\p-cq-]Xx.
X§-fpsS kz`mha\pkcn¨pÅ ip`m-ip-`^es¯
\ Znti-bp þsN¿p-¶n-Ã.
(]qÀÆZim\pcq]amb ^ew XpScpsa¶p Xm¸cyw F¶p IrjvW\mim³)

(44)
Bß-kw-_-Ônt\m tb N tb tb \nP- k-[À½nWx
tXjm-a-´ÀZim-tkzh Zni´n kzZ-im-^-ew.

Bß-kw-_-Ônt\mþ (Zim-\m-Y-·mÀ) Bß-kw-_-Ôn-Ifpw

\nP- k-[À½nWxþ k-[À½n-Ifpw Bb {Kl-§-fpsS
tXjm-a-´ÀZim-tkzhþ A]lmcIme§fnemWv
Zni´n kzZ-im-^-ew.þ kzZ-im-^-e-§sf \ÂIpI.

Bß-kw-_ÔnIÄ :
tbmKw, ZrjvSn apXembh hgn X\n¡p _ÔapÅ-hÀ.(15/30)
k[À½n-IÄ: ip`À¡p ip`cpw ]m]À¡p ]m]cpw

(45)
tI{µ-{Xn-tIm-W-t\-Xmcu tZmj-bp-.àm-h]n kzbw
 [455]

kw_-Ô-am-{XmZv _en\u `thXmw tbmK-Im-c-Iu.

tI{µ -{Xn-tIm-W -t\-Xmcu þ

tI{µw (1-þ4-þ7-þ10), {XntImWw (5-þ9)Ch-bpsS A[n-]-Xn-IÄ
tZmj-bp-àm-h]n kzbwþ Ah kzbw tZmj-ap-Å-h-cm-bn-cp-
¶mepw
kw_-Ô-am-{XmXv _en\u þ ]ckv]c_-Ôw-sImp _eapÅhcmbn
`th Xmw tbmK-Im-c-Iu þ tbmK-Im-c-IcmIpw.

{KltZmjw tbmK-Im-c-I-Xz-¯n\p XS-Ê-amhnà F¶À°w. cp

`mh-§-fpsS B[n-]Xyw hcp¶ {Kl§Ä¡v Hcp `mhw -ip`IcamsW-¦nepw
aäXp tZmj-apÅXmsW¶p hcm-a-tÃm. DZm: Nn§w eá¯n\v hymgw.
(5, 8)

(46)
{XntIm-Wm-[n-]-tbmÀat²y kw_tÔm tb\ tI\ NnXv
tI{µ-\m-Yky _ent\m `th-ZyZn ktbmK-Ir-Xv.

{XntIm-Wm-[n-]-tbm at²yþ Hcp {XntIm-Wm-[n-]-Xn-¡v

tI{µ-\m-Yky _ent\mþ _eapÅHcp tI{µm[n]Xnbpambn
kw_tÔm tb\ tI\ NnXvþ _Ôw h¶mÂ
`th-ZyZn ktbmK-Ir-Xv. þ tbmKImcI\mIpw.

(47)
tI{µ-{Xn-tIm-Wm-[n-]-tbm-ssctIy Xu tbmK-Im-cIu
A\y-{Xn-tIm-W-]-Xn\m kw_tÔm bZn Inw ]p\x.

tI{µ-{Xn-tIm-Wm-[n-]-tbm-ssctIy þ
tI{µm-[n-]\pw {XntIm-Wm-[n-]\pw Htc {KlamsW¦n¯s¶
Xu tbmK-Im-cIu þ tbmK-Im-c-I-\m-Ipw.
A\y-{Xn-tIm-W-]-Xn\mþ B \nebv¡v asämcp {XntIm-Wm-
[n-]\pambn
kw_tÔm bZn Inw ]p\x þ _Ôw h¶m DÅ ^ew {]tXyIw ]d-tb-
XnÃtÃm.
(Cu tÇmI¯nse Xu Bib¡pg¸w Dm¡p¶pv. DUpZmb{]Zo]¯n AXp
Xncp¯nbXmbn ImWp¶p:
 [456]

tI{µ-{Xn-tIm-Wm-[n-]-tbm- GItXz tbmK-Im-cnXm

A\y-{Xn-tIm-W-]-Xn\m kw_tÔm bZn Inw ]cw.

(48)
tbmK-Im-c-I-kw-_-ÔmXv ]m]n-t\m f ]n {Klmx kzXx
X¯-Zv`p-ày-\p-km-tcW ZntbibpÀbu-KnIw ^ew.

]m]n-\A]n {Klmx kzXxþ kzXth ]m]·mcmb {Kl§fpw

tbmK-Im-c-I-kw-_-ÔmXv tbmK-Im-c-I-_ÔwsImv
X¯-Ûp-ày-\p-km-tcWþAh--c-h-cpsS A]-lm-c-Im-e-§-fnÂ
ZntbibpÀbu-KnIw ^ew.þ tbmK-^ew \ÂIpw.
tbmKImcI_ÔapÅ ]m]·mcpw X§fpsS ZiIfn hcp¶ tbmKImcI `pànIfnÂ
tbmK^es¯ {]Zm\w sN¿psa¶p Xm¸cyw þ IrjvW\im³, PmXIN{µnI

(49)
kzZ-imbmw {XntIm-tWtim `pàu tI{µ-]tXx ip`w
Znti-Xv tkm]n XYmt\m tNXv A-kw_-tÔ\ ]m]-Ir-Xv.
kzZ-imbmw tI{µ-]tXx þ tI{µm[n]À kzZiIfnÂ
{XntIm-tWtim `pàu þ {XntIm-Wm-[n-]-cpsS A]lmc§fnÂ
ip`w ZntiXv þ ip`w sN¿pw.
k A]n XYm þ (AXpt]mse¯s¶) {XntIm-Wm-[n-]-
cpsS Zi-I-fnÂtI{µm[n]cpsSA]-lm-c-§fnepw
t\m tNXv A-kw_-tÔ\ ]m]-Ir-
kw_ÔwsImp]m]cmIp¶nsæn KpWw sN¿pw

{XntImWm[n]XnbpsS almZi \S¡pt¼mÄ ]m]_ÔanÃm¯ tI{µm[n ]XnbpsS

A]lmcw ip`ambncn¡pw.... AXpt]mse tI{µm[n]cmb ]m]·mcpsS Zi \S¡p
t¼mÄ (ip`·mÀ¡nXv _m[IaÃ) ]m]_ÔanÃm¯ {XntImWm[n]XnbpsS A]
lmchpw ip`ambncn¡pw. þþap¯pkzman

(50)
tI{µm-[n-]-Xy-tZm-jkvXp _e-hm³ Kpcp-ip-{Itbmx
amc-I-tXz f]n N XtbmÀam-c-I-Øm-\-kw-Øn-Xnx.
(51)
_p[-kvX-Z\p Nt{µm f]n `th-¯-Z\p XZzn[x
]m]m-tÝXv tI{µ-]-Xbx ip`-Zm-tÝm-¯-tcm-¯-cw.
 [457]

tI{µm-[n-]-Xy-tZm-jkvXp tI{µm-[n-]-Xyw-aqew ip`-·mÀ¡p

hcp¶ tI{µm[n]Xy-tZmjw
_e-hm³ Kpcp-ip-{Itbmx Gähpw IqSpXÂ hymg-¯n-\pw
]ns¶ ip{I-\pamWv.
XtbmÀam-c-I-Øm-\-kw-Øn-Xnx. amc-I-Øm-\-ØnXnbn (2,7)
amc-I-tXz]n N þ ChÀ ià-cmb amc-I-cp-am-
Ipw.

_p[-kvX-Z\p Nt{µm]n `th-¯-Z\p XZzn[x þ (tI{µm-[n-]-Xy-tZmjw

ip{I-t\-¡Ä) _p[\pw _p[-t\-¡mÄ N{µ\pw Ipd-hm-Ip-¶p.
]m]m-tÝXv tI{µ-]-Xbx þ ]m]-·mÀ¡vtI{µm-[n-]Xyw h¶m Ah
D-¯-tcm-¯-cw.þ ]m]Xz{Iaw A\p-k-cn¨v H¶v aä-Xn-t\-
¡mÄ ip`^ew sN¿pw.

kqcy³, IpP³, i\n F¶o ]m]·mÀ¡p tI{µm[n]Xyw h¶m Gähpw

IqSpXÂ ]m]iànbpÅ i\nbmWv Gähpw ip`w sN¿pI. i\ntb¡mÄ Ipdhv
IpP\pw IpPt\¡mÄ Ipdhv kqcy\pw KpWw sN¿pw.

(52)
bZn- tI-t{µ -{Xn-tImtW hm \nh-tkXmw Xtam-{Klu
\mtY-\m-\y-X-c-sskyh kw_ÔmtZymK-Im-c-Iu.

Xtam-{Klu þ cm-lp-tI-Xp-¡Ä
bZn- tI-t{µ -{Xn-tImtW hm \nh-tkXmw þ
tI{µ-¯ntem {XntIm-W¯ntem \n¡pIbpw
\mtY-\m-\y-X-c-sskyh kw_ÔmXv þ Ahbn H¶nsâ (tI{µw /
{XntImWw) \mY\pambn _Ôw hcpIbpw sNbvXmÂ
tbmK-Im-c-Iu .þ tbmKImcIcmIpw.

(53)
Xtam-{Klu ip`m-cqVu Akw_Ôu N tI\NnXv
A´À²im\p-cq-t]W `thXmwtbmK-Im-c-Iu.

Xtam-{Klu ip`m-cqVu -þ
cmlp-tI-Xp-¡Ä ip`{Kl§fpsS cminIfn \n¡p-Ibpw
kw_Ôu tb\ tI\NnXvþ
 [458]

Bcpambn _Ô-anÃmXncn¡pIbpw sNbvXmÂ

A´À²im\p-cq-t]W þ
Ah-cpsS A]-lm-c-Ime¯p tbmK-Im-c-I-^ew\Âipw

DZmlcWambn _p[ip{I·mÀ tbmKImcIcmbn«pÅ Hcp PmXI¯nÂ

cmlp anYp\¯n A\y{Kl§fpambn tbmKtam ZrjvSntbm CÃmsX
ØnXnsNbvXm cmlpZibn hcp¶ _p[m]lmc¯nepw ip{Im ]
lmc¯nepw tbmK^ew A\p`hn¡pw.. þþap¯pkzman

]mTt`Zw
Xtam-{Klu ip`m-cqVu kw_Ôu tb\tI\NnXv
A´À±im\p-cq-t]W `thXmw tbmK-Im-c-Iu.
BtcmsS¦nepw kw_Ôs¸SpIbpw sNbvXm þ aebmfw hymJym\§Ä
BtcmSpw _Ôs¸Sp¶nsæn þ Cw¥ojv hymJym\§Ä

(54)
Bcwt`m cmP-tbm-Kky `th·mc-I-`p-ànjp (1)
{]Y-b´n Xam-c_v[w {Iaix ]m]-`p-à-bx.
]mTt`Zw: `thXvImc-I-`p-ànjp

tbmKImcI{Kl§fpsS ZibnÂ
amc-I-`p-ànjp þ amc-I-{K-l-§-fpsS (2,7) A]-lm-c-§fnemWv
cmP-tbm-Kky Bcwt`m `thX vþ cmP-tbm-K-¯nsâ Bcw`w F¦nÂ
Xam-c_v[wþ A§ns\ Bcw`n¡s¸« cmPtbmKw
{]Y-b´n {Iaix ]m]-`p-à-bx. þ ]m]cpsS A]lmcIme¯pw
tZmjs¯ ]n´Ån tbmK^ew {Ia¯n A\p`h¯n hcpw.
cmPtbmKImcIZiIfn `pàn\mY·mcpsS ]m]Xzw \nan¯apÅ tZmj¯n\p
{]kànbnsöp Npcp¡w. þþIrjvW\mim³

hymJym\t`Zw
1. Bcw`w {ItaW ]m]n-I-fpsS `pànbn am{Xta ^en-¡p-I-bp-Åp
2.I]qÀ amc-I-\p-]-Icw Imc-I³ F¶mWp sImSp¯n-cn-¡p-¶-Xv.
3.amcIm[n]XyapÅ {Kl§Ä cmPtbmK¯n\p `wKw sN¿pIbnÃ
F¶pam{XaÃ, AhÀ tbmK{]Z·cmbn hÀ¯n¡psa¶p kmcw
(55)
c{ÔØ ct{Ô-£I c{Ô-\mY
 [459]

c{Ô-{Xn`mKm-[n-]-am-µn-t`imx (1)
ZpJ-{]-Zm-kvtX-jz]n ZpÀ_-tem -bx
k \mi-Imco kzZ-im-]-lm-tc.
(1) ]mTt`Zw: ZrKmWm[n]am-µn-t`imx

1. c{ÔØþ F«mw `mh-¯n \n¡p¶ {Klw,

2. ct{Ô-£Iþ F«mw `mh-¯n t\m¡p¶ {Klw,
3. c{Ô-\mYþ F«mw `mhm[n-]Xn,
4. c{Ô-{Xn`mKm-[n-]þ 22þmw t{Z¡mWm[n]³
5. am-µn-t`imxþ Kpfn-I³\n¡p¶ cmin-bpsS A[n-]³
ZpJ-{]-Zm-x þ ChÀ ZpxJ-{]-Z-cm-Ip-¶p.

tX-jp A]n ZpÀ_-tem bx þ

Ch-cn GsXmcp {Klw ZpÀº-e-\m-bn-cn-¡p¶pthm
k þ B {Kl-w
\mi-Imco kzZ-im-]-lm-tc.þ
Xsâ Zi-bntem A]-lm-c-¯ntem \miImcnbmIpw. (amcI\mIpw.)

(56)
{`jvSky XpwKm-Z-h-tcm-ln-kwÚm
a²ym `thÕm kplr-Zp-¨-`mwti
Btcm-lnWo \nav\-]-cn-Nyp-Xky
\oNm-cn-`mw-ti-jz-[-am -`-th-Õm.

{`jvSky XpwKm-Xv A-h-tcm-ln-kwÚm þD¨-¯nÂ\n¶pw \oN-

¯n-te-bv¡n-d-§p¶ {Kl-¯nsâ Zi Ah-tcm-lWn-Z-i.
a²ym `thÕm kplr-Zp-¨-`mwti þ A§s\ \oN¯ntebv¡p t]mIp¶ {Klw
an{X-\-hmw-i-¯ntem D¨-\-hmwi-¯ntem \n¶m Dm-Ip¶ Zi a²y-Z-i-
Btcm-lnWo \nav\-]-cn-Nyp-Xky þ \oNwhn«v D¨-¯n-tebv¡p t]mIp¶
{Kl¯nsâ Zi Btcm-l-Wn-Z-i-
\oNm-cn-`mw-ti-jz-[-am -`-th-Õm.þA§ns\ t]mIp-t¼mÄ i{Xp-\-
hmw-i-¯ntem \oNmw-i-¯ntem \n¶m B{Kl¯nsâ Zi A[-a-Z-i.-

(57)
ikvXKrtl f ikvXmwti
 [460]

\otN cn]p-t` f kvX-kw-ØntX hm f ]n

Xky Zim an{i- ^em
(Zim)]cmÀt° ^e-{]Zm tÚbm.

ikvXKrtl – AikvXmwti þ ip`-{K-l-§Ä Aip-`mw-i-¯nepw

\otN cn]p-t` AkvX-kw-ØntX hm A]n \oNw þ \oNw, i{Xp-t£{Xw
Ch-bnepw \n¡p-Itbm auVyw {]m]n-¡p-Itbm sNbvXmÂ
Xky Zim an{i-^-em þ
B {Kl¯nsâ Zi an{i-^-e-¯m-Sp -Iq-Sn-bXm-bn-cn-¡pw.
(Zim)]cmÀt° ^e-{]Zm tÚbm. þ
Zi-bpsS cmw ]IpXn ip`^e-{]-Z-amIpw..

(58)
X¯-Zv`m-hm-Zvhy-bØky X¯-Zv`m-h-hy-b-]ky N
hocy-lo-\ky tJSky ]mtI arXyp-a-hm-]v\p-bm-Xv.

X¯-Zv`m-hm-Zvhy-bØkyþ
AXmXp `mh-§-fpsS ]{´mw `mh-¯n \n¡p¶ {Kl-¯nepw
X¯-Zv`m-h-hy-b-]ky Nþ ]{´mw `mhm-[n-]-Xn-bnepw
hocy-lo-\ky tJSky þ _ew Ipdª {Klw GtXm AXnsâ
]mtI þ ZibnÂ
arXyp-a-hm-]v\p-bm-Xv .þ acWw kw`-hn-¡pw.

Zim]lmc^e§fn Nmc-KXnbpsS kzm[o\w

(59)
Zim-]-XnÀÃ-á-KtXm bZn kymþ
{¯nj-UvZ-ssi-Im-Z-i-KÝ eámXv (1)
XÕ-]vX-hÀtK- f]yY XÕp-lrZzm
etá ipt`m hm ip`Zm Zim- kym-Xv.
]mTt`Zw: (1) NmcmXv þ

Zim-]-Xn eá-KtXm bZn kymX vþZim[n]³ (NmchimÂ) eá¯ntem

 [461]

{Xn j-Uv Z-i- GIm-Z-i-KÝ þ eá¯nsâ 3, 6, 10, 11 `mh-§-

fntem
XÕ-]vX-hÀtK- A]yY þ AXnâ k]vXhÀ¤§fntem hcpItbm
XÕp-lrZzm etá ipt`m hm þZim\mYsâ kplrt¯m ip`t\m
eá¯n hcpItbm sNbvXmÂ
ip`Zm Zim- kym-Xv.þ B Zi -ip`-^-es¯ sN¿p-w.

(60)
bmh´n hÀjmWn Zim N km kymþ
¯mh´n hÀjmWn Zim-]-Xnx kx
b{X ØnX-kvX-Û-h-\m-±z-tbm-kvXp
ØnssXx {]IÂ]yw kZ-kXv^ew ln.

kmcmwiw a\-ÊnemIm¯Xn\m aäp hymJym\§sf B{ibn¡p¶p.

F{X hÀj--Imet¯bv¡p Zi \n¡p-¶pthm A{Xbpw hÀj-§Ä¡p Zim-]Xn
N{µmepw eámepw bmsXm-cn-S-¯n-cn-¡p-¶pthm B cmin apX¡pÅ
ZzmZ-i-`m-h-§sf-s¡mp ip`mip-`-^e§sf ]d-b-Ww

Zim-]-lm-c-\m-Y-·mÀ Nmc-h-im ip`Øm\-§fn hcp-t¼mÄ ip`^ehpw

Aip`Øm\§fn hcpt¼mÄ Aip`^ehpw Xcp-w ZimIme¯p Zim\mY³
N{µ\nÂ\n¶p Nmchim GtXXp `mh§fn k©cn¡p¶pthm B `h\¯ntâbpw
`mh¯ntâbpw ip`mip`Xza\pkcn¨pÅ ^es¯ {]Zm\w sN¿pw.

(61)
Zim-[n-\m-Yky kplr-Zv{K-l-Øþ
kvXZp-¨tKm hmf Y Zim-[n-\m-YmXv
kvac-{Xn-tIm-tWm]Ntbm-]-KÝ
ZZmXn N{µx Jep kZv^-em-\n.

N{µx Zim-[n-\m-Yky -þ N{µ³ (Nmc-h-imÂ) Zim-\m-

Ysâ
kplr-Zv{K-l-Ø þ an{X-t£{Xw,
kvXZp-¨tKm D¨w Ch-bn hcp-t¼mgpw
Zim-[n-\m-YmX vþ Zim-\m-Y\nÂ\n¶pw
 [462]

kvac-{Xn-tIm-tWm]Ntbm-]-KÝþ
kvacw (7) {XntImWw (5, 9), D]Nbw (3, 6, 10, 11) Cu `mh-§-fnÂ
hcp-t¼mgpw
ZZmXn N{µx Jep kZv^-em-\n .þ \Ã ^e-§sf sImSp¡pw.
(^ew ]dbpt¼mÄ N{µ³ Hcp cmin-bn F{X Znhkw ImWpw F¶Xpw
HmÀ½ thWw.)

(62)
Dtàjp cminjp KXky hnt[mx k cminx (1)
kymÖ-·-Im-e-`-h-aqÀ¯n-[-\mZn `mhx
X¯-Zz-hr-²n-Ir-Zku IYntXm \cmWmw
XÛm-h-lm\n IrZ-tY-X-c-cm-in-kw-Øx.
]mTt`Zw: P· - þ

Dtàjp cminjp KXky hnt[mx þ

N{µ³ taÂ]-dª Øm\-§-fn Nm-c-h-im hcp-t¼mÄ
k cminx kymXv P·-Im-e-`-h- aqÀ¯n -[-\mZn `mhx þ
AXp eáw, ,[\w XpS§n GXp `mhamtWm-
X¯-Zz-hr-²n-Ir-Zku IYntXm \cmWmw þ
B `mh¯n\p hr²nbpw
XÛm-h-lm\n IrZ-tY-X-c-cm-in-kw-Øx.
þaäp cminIfn hcp-t¼mÄ AXn\p lm\ntbbpw sN¿pw.

(63)
kmcm-h-eow DUp-Zimw N hcm-l-tlm-cmw
BtemIy PmX-I-^ew {]h-tZ-Xv\cmWmw
{]ivt\m-Z-b-{K-l-h-im-Z-Yhm kzP·þ
cmiym-Zn\m hZXp \mkvXy-\-tbmÀhn-ti-jx.

kmcm-h-eow DUp-Zimw N hcm-l-tlm-cmw þ

kmcm-h-en, \£-{X-Z-i, tlmcm-imkv{Xw
BtemIy PmX-I-^ew {]h-tZ-Xv \cmWmwþ
Ch t\m¡n -thWw PmX-I-^ew ]d-bm³.
 [463]

{]ivt\m-Z-b-{K-l-h-im-ZYhm þ {]ivt\m-Z-b-{K-lw-sImpw
kzP·cmiym-Zn\m þ P·cmin XpS§nbhsImpw
hZXp þ (C-Xp-t]mse) ^ew ]d-bmw.
\mkvXy-\-tbmÀhn-ti-jx .þ AXv GXm-bmepw ^e-w Hcp-t]m-en-
cn-¡pw.

A²ymbw 21 þ A-]-lm-c-^-ew

hnwtim-¯cnZim-k-{¼-Zm-b-¯n Hmtcm {Kl-¯nsâbpw `c-

W-Im-es¯ Zi (hÀjw), A]-lm-cw (am-kw), On{Zw (Zn-h-kw),
kq£vaw (aWn-¡qÀ), {]mW³ (an\näv) F¶n-§s\ kq£va-am-¡n-bn-«p-v.
DZm-l-c-W-¯n\v kqcy-Z-i 6 hÀjw FSp¡mw. kqcy- Zibnse
kqcym-]-lm-c-¯nse kqcyOn{Z-¯nse kqcykq£va ¯nse kqcy {]mW-
§Ä CXp-t]mse Xs¶ IW-¡m-¡-mw.. At¸mÄ Hcp kw`hw C¶ hÀjw, C¶
amkw, C¶ Znh-kw, C{X aWn¡mWv kw`-hn-¡pI F¶p IrXy-ambn ]d-
bm\pw Ign-bpw.

(1)
]mtIim_vZ-ltX Zti-iz-c-kam t\{Xm-´-`-àm-x k-amþ
ÈnjvSm cq]-lXm \cm-¦-hn-lrXm amkm (kam) \ssKÀhm-kcmx
On{Zm-Zn-jz]n ssNh-tah Ietb ]mI-{I-am-t¨-±-imþ
\mYmZymx ]p\-c-´-cm-´-cm-Z-im-kvXXv ]mI-\m-Y-{I-amx.

1.. A]lmcImew ImWp¶ coXn

Zim-\m-Ysâ hÀjs¯ A]-lm-c-\m-Ysâ hÀjw-sImp s]cp ¡nbmÂ
In«p¶Xns\ 120þsImp lcn-¨m hcp¶ ^ew hÀjw. _m¡nsb 12, 30, 60
Ch-sImp s]cp¡nbm hcp¶ ^ew {Ia-¯n amkw, Znh-kw,- \m-gnI
Ch-bm-Ip-¶p.
 [464]

DZm-l-c-W-¯n\v kqcy-Z-i-bn kqcym-]-lm-cw.

ZiIÄ BsI 120 hÀjw..
kqcyZi 6 hÀjw,
A]lmc\mYsâ ]¦pw 6 hÀjwXs¶
(1) (2) (3)
hÀjw amkw Znhkw
6x 6 =0 36 x 12 = 36 = 3.6 amkw
120 120 10
6-þs\ Znhkam¡Ww. 6 x 30 = 180 = 18 Zn
AXpsImv kqcy-Z-i-bn kqcym-]-lmcw
= 0 hÀjw 3 amkw 18 Znh-
kw.

Cuhn-[-¯n FÃm {Kl-§fpsSbpw Zi-IÄ, A]-lm-c-§Ä-,

On{Z§Ä XpS-§n-bh IW-¡m-¡n-sb-Sp-¡mw. F¶m Ct¸mÄ AXn-sâ-
sbm¶pw Bhiy an-Ã. an¡hmdpw FÃm ]©mw-K-§-fnepw Ah-
sImSp¯ncn¡pw.

kqcy-Z-i-bnse A]-lm-c-§Ä
(2)
alo-iz-cm-Zp-]-e-`-ttXm f [nIw btim
h\m-N-e-Ø-e-h-kXnw [\m-Kaw
Pztcm-jvW-cp-KvP-\-I-hn-tbm-KPw `bw
\nPmw Zimw {]hn-iXn XojvW-Zo-[n-Xu.

\nPmw Zimw {]hn-iXn XojvW-Zo-[n-Xu þ

kqcy-Z-i-bnse kzm]-lmc¯nÂ,
alo-iz-cm-Xv D]-e-`-tbXv A[nIw btimþ
cmPIr]-bm A[nIw biÊ,v

h\ AN-e -Ø-e- h-kXnw þ

ImSv, ae Ch-I-fn hmkw,
[\mKaw,
Pztcm þ ]\n,
D-jvW-cp-Iv þ DjvW-tcm-K-§Ä
P-\-I-hn-tbm-KPw þ ]nXmhnÂ\n¶pw thÀ]mSv, `bw.
 [465]

(3)
cn]p-£tbm hyk-\-itam [\m-Kax
Irjn-{Inbm Krl-I-cWw kplr-ZypXn
£bm-\n-e-{]-Xn-l-Xn-cÀ¡-Zm-bIw
iio bZm lcXn Ptem-Ûhm cpPx.

iio bZm lcXn kqcy-Z-i-bnse N{µm-]-lmcw

cn]p-£tbm þ i{Xp-\miw,
hyk-\-itam þ ZpJ-\miw,
[\m-Ka þ [\m-Kaw,
Irjn-{Inb þ ImÀjn-I-{]-hÀ¯n-IÄ,
Krl-I-cWw þ Krl-\nÀ½mWw,
kplr-ZypXn þ an{X-em`w
£b A-\n-e -{]-Xn-l-Xn þ £bw, hmXw XpS§nb tcmK§fpw
Ptem-Ûhm cpP þ Pe-kw-_-Ô-amb tcmK-§fpw DmIpw.
(4)
cpPm-Kax ]Z-hn-c-tlm f cn--]o-U\w (1)
{htWm-Ûhx kzIp-e-P-ss\Àhn-tcm-[nXm
alo`rtXm `hXn `bw [\-NypXnÀþ
bZm IptPm lcXn XZmÀ¡-h-Õ-cw.
(1) ]mTt`Zw : Ducp ]oU\w

bZm IptPm lcXn AÀ¡-h-Õcw þ kqcy-Z-i-bnse IpPm-]lmc¯nÂ,

cpPm-Kax þ tcmKw hcpI,
]Z-hn-c-lntXm þ Øm\-{`wiw,
Acn-]o-U\w þ i{Xp-ieyw,
{htWm-Ûhx þ {hW-§Ä Dm-hpI,
kzIp-e-P-ss\x hn-tcm-[nXm þ kzP\hntcm[w
alo`rtXm `bw þ cmP-`bw,
[\-NypXnx þ [\-\jvSw

(5)
cn]q-Ztbm [\-lr-Xn-cm-]-Zp-ZvKtam
hnjm-Zv`bw hnj-P-hn-aq-VXm ]p\x
 [466]

intcm-Zr-tim-c-[n-I-cp-t-Kh tZln-\mþ
alu `th-Z-ln-a-I-cm-bp-c-´-tc.

kqcy-Z-i-bnse cmlpA-]lmcw
cn]q-Ztbm þ i{Xp-ieyw,
[\-lr-Xn þ [\-\jvSw,
B-]-Zp-ZvKtam þ B]-¯p-IÄ,
hnjm-Xv `bw þ hnj-`bw,
hnj-P-hn-aq-VXm þ hn-j-_m[sImpÅ hnaqVX, ]I¸v
intcm- Zr-tim -A[n-I-cpIv þ intcm-tcm-K§fpw t\{X-tcmK-§fpw.

(6)
cn]p-£tbm hnhn-[-[-\m-]vXn-c-\zlw
kpcmÀ¨\w ZznP-Kp-cp-_-Ôp-]q-P\w
{ih-{itam `hXn N b£va-tcm-KXm
Kncmw-]Xu {]hn-iXn tKm]tX˱imw.

kqcy-Z-i-bnse KpcpA-]lmcw
cn]p-£tbm þ i{Xp-\miw,
hnhn-[ -[-\ B-]vXn- A-\zlw þ ]e-hn-[-¯n-Â, apS-§m-sX, [\w-h-ch,v
kpcmˬ\w tZh]qP
ZznP- Kp-cp- _-Ôp ]q-P\wþ {_mÒW³,Kpcp,_Ôp
Chsc BZ-cn-¡Â,
{ih-{itam þ sNhn-tcmKw
b£va-tcm-KXm þ £b-tcmKw

(7)
[\m-lXnx kpX-hn-clx kv{Xntbm cptPm
Kpcqhybx k]Zn ]cn-Ñ-Z-NypXnx

aem-àXm(1) `hXn I^-{]-]o-U\w

iss\-Ý-tc -k-hn-Xr-Z-im-´cw KtX.
(1) ]mT-t`Zw þ aen-jvTXm.

kqcy-Z-i-bnse i\nA-]lmcw
iss\-Ý-tc -k-hn-Xr-Z-im-´cw KtXþ kqcy-Z-i-bnse i\n
 [467]

A]-lm-c-¯nÂ,
[\m-lXnx þ [\-\miw,
kpX-hn-clx þ ]p{X-hn-clw,
kv{Xntbm cptPm þ `mcy¡p tcmKw,
Kpcp-hybw þ henb Nn-e-hp-IÄ
(Death of an elderly person, preceptor etc. F¶pw)
]cn-Ñ-Z-NypXn _Ôp-¡-fp-ambn
thÀ]mSv
aem-àXm þ aen-\X,
I^ -{]-]o-U\w þ I^-ieyw

(8)
hnNˬn--Im-]n-S-I-k-Ip-jvT-Imanem
hnI-°\w(1) PT-c-I-Sn-{]-]o-U\w
alo-£-bx- kv{Xo-K-Z-`tbm `th-¯Zm
hnt[m-x kptX NcXn cth-c-Ym-_vZIw
(1) ]mT-t`Zw þ hniÀ[\w

kqcy-Z-i-bnse _p[A-]lmcw
hnNÀ¨n--Im- þ sNmdn, Nnc§v,
]n-S-I- þ Ipcp, ]cp,
k-Ip-jvT- þ IpjvTw,
Imanem þ aª-¸n¯w,
hnI-°\w þ \nµm-kvXpXn,
PT-c- I-Sn -{]-]o-U\w þ DZ-c-thZ\, Ac-s¡-«p-th-Z\,
alo-£-bþ `qan-\miw,
{Xn-K-Z þ hmX-]n-¯-I-^-tZm-j-§Ä,
`tbm þ `bw.

(9)
kplr-Zvhybx kzP-\-Ip-Spw-_-hn-{Ktlm
cnt]mÀ`bw [\-l-cWw ]Z-NypXnw
KptcmÀK-Z-Ý-c-W-in-tcm-cp-Kp-¨-ssIþ
ÈnJn bZm hniXn Zimw hnh-kz-Xx.

kqcy-Z-i-bnse tIXpA-]lmcw
 [468]

kplr-Zvhybx þ kulmÀ±-\miw (_Ôp-\m-iw),

kzP-\ -Ip-Spw-_ -hn-{Ktlm-þ
kzP\§fpwIp-Spw_mwK-§-fp-ambn hntcm[w,
cn]p`bw þ i{Xp-`bw,
[\-l-cWw þ [\-tam-jWw,
]Z-NypXnw þ Øm\-\jvSw,
Kptcmx K-Z þ Kpcp-hn\p tcmKw,
N-c-W- in-c -cp-Iv þ (X\n¡p) Imen\pw inc-Ên\pw tcmKw.

(10)
intcm-cpPm -PTcKp-ZmÀ¯n-]o-U\w (1)
Irjn-{In-bm-Kr-l-[-\-[m-\y-hn-NypXnw
kpX-kv{Xn-tbm-c-kp-J-a-Xoh tZln\mw
`rtKmx kptX NcXn cth-c-Ym-_vZ-Iw.
]mTt`Zw : PTcK-ZmÀ¯n-]o-U\w

`rtKmx kptX NcXn cth-c-Ym-_vZ-Iw.þ kqcyZibnse

ip{Im]lmc¯nÂ
intcm-cp-Pm þ intcm-tcmKw,
P-Tc-Kp-ZmÀ¯n-]o-U\w þ hb-dp-th-Z\, KpZ-tcm-Kw.
(KpZw þ ae-Zzm-cw.)
Irjn-{In-bm- Kr-l- [-\ -[m-\y hn-NypXnwþ Irjn, hoSv, [\w, [m\yw
Chbv¡p \miw,
kpX- kv{Xn-tbm- A-kp-J-a-Xoh þ ]p{X\pw `mcybv¡pw Akp-Jw.

N{µZ-i-bnse A]-lm-c-§Ä
(11)
kv{Xo{]-Pm-]vXn-c-a-emw-ip-Im-Ktam
`qkp-tcm-¯-a-k-am-Ktam `thXv
amXp-cn-jvS-^-e-aw-K-\m-kpJw
kzmw Zimw hniXn ioX-Zo-[n-Xu.

kzmw Zimw hniXn ioX-Zo-[n-Xu.þ N{µZibnse kzm]lmc¯nÂ

kv{Xo{]-Pm]vXn þ ]p{Xo-P-\\w (`mcybpw ]
p{X·mcpw )
 [469]

A-a-emw-ip-Im-Ktamþ \Ã hkv{X-w e`n¡pw, .

`qkp-tcm-¯-a-k-am-Ktam þ {_Ò-Úm-\nIfpambn- kam-Kaw
amXp-cn-jvS-^-ewþ amXmhnÂ\n¶p-w CjvS^ew
Aw-K-\m-kpJw -þ kv{Xokp-Jw.

(12)
]n¯-h-Ón-cp-[n-tcm-Ûhm cpPx
t¢i-Zp-J-cn-]p-tNm-c-]o-U\w
hn¯-am-\-hn-l-XnÀ`-thXv IptP
ioX-Zo-[n-Xn-Z-im-´cw KtX.

IptPioX-Zo-[n-Xn-Z-im-´cw KtX.þ N{µZibnse IpPm]lmc¯nÂ

]n¯- h-Ón -cp-[n-tcm-Ûhm cpPx þ ]n¯w, Aán, càw Ch- kw_-Ô-
amb tcmK-§Ä,
t¢i- Zpx-Jþ t¢iw, ZpJw
-cn-]p tNmc -]o-U\w ,þ i{Xp, Ių Ch-cpsS D]-{Z-hw,
hn¯ -am-\- hn-l-Xn þ [\-\-jvSw, am\-lm-\n.

(13)
Xo{h-tZm-j-cn-]p-hr-²n-_-Ôp-cp-Mvþ
amcp-Xm-l-Xn-`-bmÀ¯n-cp-Kv`-thXv(1)
A¶-]m-\-P-\n-X-Pz-cm-Z-bmþ
Ý{µ-hXvkc-hn-lm-c-tI- f ]y-lu.
(1) ]mT-t`-Zwþ amcp-Xm-i\n `bmÀ¯n-cp-Zv`-thXv
þ Cw¥ojv hymJym\§Ä *
N{µ-hXvkc-hn-lm-c-tI- A]n A-lu.
N{µZibnse cmlpA]lmc¯nÂ
Xo{h-tZm-j þ ITn-\-amb tZmj-§Ä,
cn-]p- hr-²n þ i{Xp-hÀ²\,
_-Ô-pcp-Iv þ _Ôp-¡Ä¡v tcmKw,
amcp-Xm-l-Xn- `-bmÀ¯n- cp-Kv þ hmX-tcmKw,
A¶- ]m-\ -P-\n-X -Pz-cm-Z-bm þ
`£-WtZmj-kw-_-Ô-am-bp-mIp¶ ]\n XpS-§n-bh
* amcp-X A-i\n`b BÀ¯nx- DZv`-thXv þ sImSp-¦m-äv, CSn-an-¶Â
Chaqe-apÅ `bw, .
 [470]

(14)
Zm\-[À½-\n-c-X-Êp-tJm-Ztbm
hkv{X-`q-j-W-kp-lr-Ö-\m-Kax
cmP-k-XvIr-Xn-c-Xoh PmbtX
ssIc-h-{]n-b-h-tbm-ltc Kpcu.

ssIc-h-{]n-b-h-tbm-ltc (KtX) Kpcu. þ

N{µZibnse Kpcp A]lmc¯nÂ
Zm\- [À½ -\n-c-Xx þ Zm\-[À½-§-fn \nc-X³, apgp-In-b-
h³,
kp-tJm-Ztbm kpJm\p-`hw,
hkv{X- `q-j-W- kp-lr-Ö-\m-Ka þ
hkv{Xw,B`-c-Ww, kplr-¯p-¡Ä, ChbpsS- e_v[n,
cmP- k-XvIr-Xn-x A-Xoh þ hf-sc- cmPIob _lp-a-Xn-IÄ.
(15)
ss\I-tcm-KI-Z\w(1) kplr-Xv kp-Xþ
kv{Xocp-Pm -hy-k-\-kw-`thm alm³
{]mW-lm-\n-cYhm `th-Ñ\u
amc-_-Ôp -h-b-tkm- f ´-cw- KtX.
(1) ]mT-t`Zw þ ss\I-tcm-K-hn-lXn

i\u amc-_-Ôp -h-b-tkm- A´-cw- KtX.þ

N{µZibnse i\nA]lmc¯nÂ
ss\I-tcm-K þ \ GI-tcmKþIZ\wþ ]e-hn[ tcmK-§Äaqew ZpJw.
-kplr-Xv kp-X kv{Xo cp-Pm þ _Ôp-¡Ä, a¡Ä, `mcy ChÀ¡v tcmKw,
--h,y-k-\-kw-`thm alm³ þ henb ZpJ-kw`-h-§Ä,
{]mW-lm-\n- þ ac-Ww.

. (16)
kÀhZm [\-K-Pm-iz-tKm-Ip-eþ
{]m]vXn-cm-`-c-W-ku-Jy-kw-]Zx
Nn¯-t_m[ CXn PmbtX hnt[mþ
cmbpjn {]hn-itX bZm _p[x.

hnt[mcmbpjn {]hn-itX bZm _p[x. þ

 [471]

N{µZ-i-bnse _p[m]-lm-c¯nÂ
kÀhZm [\ -K-P A-iz- tKm-Ip-e {]m]vXn-xþ
Ft¸mgpw [\w, B\, IpXn-c, ]ip-¡Ä Ch-bpsS e_v[n,
B-`-c-W þ B`-cWw,
ku-Jy- þ kpJw,
kw-]Zx þ k¼¯v,
Nn¯-t_m[ þ _p²n {]Im-in-¡pI

(17)
Nn¯-N-©-e-\-aÀ°-hn-Nyp-XnÀ(1)þ
_Ôp-lm\nc]n tXmbPw `bw
Zm\-`r-Xy-l-Xn-ckvXn tZln\mw
tIXptI lcXn Nm{µ-a-_vZIw
]mT-t`Zw þNn¯-lm\n-c-]n- k-¼ZNyp-XnÀ.

tIXptI lcXn Nm{µ-a-_vZIw þ

N{µZibnse tIXpA]lmc¯nÂ
Nn¯-N-©-e-\-w þ a\-Ým-©eyw, at\m-ZpJw,
AÀ°-hn-Nyp-Xn þ [\-\miw,
_Ôp-lm\n þ _Ôp-\jvSw,
XmbPw `bw þ Pew-Im-c-W-amb `bw,
Zm\ -`r-Xy -l-Xn- þ Zm\w, `rXyÀ Chbv¡p lm\n.

(18)
tXmb-bm-\-h-kp-`q-j-Wmw-K-\mþ
hn{I-b-{I-b-Ir-jn-{In-bm-Zbx
]p{X-an-{X-]-ip-[m-\y-kw-bp-Xnþ
Ý{µ-Zm-b-l-c-tWm-·ptJ `rKu.

N{µ-Zm-b-l-c-tWm-·ptJ `rKþ
N{µZibnse ip{Im]lmc¯nÂ
tXmb-bm-\ þ
Pe-hm-l-\-§Ä, * * Pekw_ÔambpÅ [\w þþ F¶pw
h-kp þ k¼¯v,
`q-j þ B`-c-W-§Ä,
Aw-K-\m þ kv{XoIÄ (`m-cy),
 [472]

hn{I-b-{I-b- þ I¨-hSw,
Ir-jn-{In-b þ Irjn,
]p{X- an-{X -]-ip -[m-\y -kw-bp-Xn þ
]p{X-·mÀ, an{X-§Ä, ]ip-¡Ä, [m-\yw Ch-bpsS e_v[n.

(19)
cmP-am-\-\-a-Xoh iqcXm
tcmK-im-´n-c-cn-]-£-hn-NypXnw
]n¯-hm-X-cp-Knt\ KXm XZm
kymÑim¦-]-cn-h-Õ-cm-´-cw.

kymXv iim¦-]-cn-h-Õ-cm-´-cw. þ N{µZibnse kqcym]lmc¯nÂ

cmP-am-\-\ þ cmP-_-lp-am\w,
A-Xoh iqcXm þ hfsc iucyw,
tcmK-im-´n þ tcmKia\w
Acn-]-£-hn-NypXnw þ i{Xp-]-£-¯n\p \miw,
]n¯- hm-X -þ ]n¯-hm-X-tcm-K-§Ä.

IpP-Z-i-bnse A]-lm-c-§Ä
(20)
]nt¯m-jvW-cp-Kv{h-W-`bw kl-ssPÀhn-tbmKw
t£{X-{]-hm-Z-P-\n-XmÀ°-hn-`qXnkn²nx
ÚmXy-án-i-{Xp-\r-]-tNm-c-P-ss\Àhn-tcmt[m(1)
-[m{Xo-kptXm lcXn tNÑ-cZw kzIo-bw.
(1) ]mTt`Zw: hnjmtZm

[m{Xo-kptXm lcXn tNÑ-cZw kzIo-bw. þ IpPZibnse

kzm]lmc¯nÂ
]nt¯mjvW-cp-Iv þ ]n¯ DjvW tcmK-§Ä, {hW-`bw,
kl-ssPx hn-tbmKw þ ktlm-Z-c·mcpsS -thÀ]mSv,
t£{X -{]-hm-Z -P-\n-X AÀ°- hn-`q-Xnkn²n þ `qankw_Ùamb XÀ¡w
Pbn¨p mIp¶ km¼¯nIt\«§fpw sFizcyhpw
ÚmXn Aán -i-{Xp -\r-] -tNm-c-P-ss\- hn-tcmt[mþ
_Ôp-¡Ä, Aán, i{Xp, cmPm-hv, IÅ-·mÀ Ch-cpsS hntcm[w
 [473]

(21)
ikv{Xm-án-tNm-c-cn-]p-`q-]-`bw hnjmÀ¯nx
Ip£y-£n-ioÀj-P-KtZm Kpcp-_-Ôp-lm\nx
{]mWhy-tbmY bZn hm hn]p-em-]-tZm(1) hm
h{Im-bp-c-´-c-KtX `pP-Km-[n-\m-tY.
]mT-t`Zw þ hn]p-em-]hmtZm

h{Im-bp-c-´-c-KtX `pP-Km-[n-\m-tY.þIpPZibnse cmlpA]lmc¯nÂ

ikv{X A-án -tNm-c -cn-]p -`q-]-`bw þ Bbp-[w, Xo, Ių, i{Xp,
cmPmhv
Ch-cnÂ\n¶p `bw,
hnjmÀ¯n þ hnj-`bw,
Ip£n A£n -ioÀj-P- KtZm þ hbÀ, I®v, incÊv Ch-bv¡-kpJw,
Kpcp- _-Ô-plm\n þ Kpcp -_-Ôp- ChcpsS \jvSw,
{]mW-hy-tbm þ {]mW-\jvSw
hn]p-em-]-tZm þ (AsænÂ) henb B]¯pIÄ.

(22)
ZznP-Kp-cp-_p-[-]qPm(1) XoÀ°-]p-Wym-\p-tkhm
kX-X-a-Xn-Yn-]qPm ]p{X-an-{Xm-`n-hr²nx
{ihW-cp-K-Xn-am{Xw tÇjva-tcm-tKmZv`thm hm
`hXn IpP-Z-im´-Êw-KtX hmK-[o-ti.
]mT-t`Zw þ ZznP-hn-_p-[-k-aÀ¨m

`hXn IpP-Z-im´-Êw-KtX hmK-[o-ti. þ

IpPZibnse Kpcp A]lmc¯nÂ
ZznP- Kp-cp- _p-[ -]qPm þ
{_ÒÚm\n, Kpcp, hnZzm³ Ch-cpsS ]qP,
XoÀ° -]p-Wym A\p-tkhm þ XoÀ°-kv\m\w, A-Xn-Yn-]qP,
]p{X -an-{X A-`n-hr²n þ ]p{X-·mÀ¡pw an{X§Ä¡pw
A`n-hr²n,
{ih-Wcp-K-Xn-am{Xw þ IÀ®-tcmKw,
tÇjva-tcm-K þ I^-tcmKw

(23)
D]-cn-]-cn-hn-\mix kzmß-P-kv{Xo-Kp-cq-Wmþ
 [474]

aK-Wn-X-hn-]-Z-´w ZpxJ-aÀt°m]lm\nx
hkp-l-c-W-a-cn-t`ym -`o-Xn-cp-jvWm-\n-em-ánÀþ
`hXn IpP-Z-im-bm-aÀ¡tP kw{]-bm-tX.

`hXn IpP-Z-im-bm-aÀ¡tP kw{]-bm-tX. þ IpPZibnse

i\nA]lmc¯nÂ
kzBß-P- kv{Xo -Kp-cq-Wmw þ a¡Ä, `mcy, Kpcp ChÀ¡,v
D]-cn-]-cn-hn-\mix þ hfsc tZmj§fpw
AK-Wn-X -hn-]-Z´w þ ]ehn[ B]-¯p-Ifpw, ZpxJw-,
AÀt°m]lm\nx þ [\-\jvSw,
hkp- l-c-Ww þ [\m-]-l-cWw,
A--cn-t`ym -`o-Xn- þ i{Xp-`bw,
DjvW A-\n-e A-án `hXn þ DjvW, hmX kw_-Ô-amb
tcmK§Ä.
(24)
Acn-`-b-ap-cp-tNm-tcm-]-{Z-thmÀYmÀY-lm\nx
]ip-K-PXp-c-KmWmw hn¹-thm- f an-{X-tbmKx
\r]-Ir-X-]-cn-]oUm iq{Z-ssh-tcm-Zv`thm hm
ZniXn hniXn kutay(1) hniz-[m-{Xo-kp-Xm-bpx.
(1) ]mT-t`Zw þ hniXn iin-X-\qtP

ZniXn hniXn kutay(1) hniz-[m-{Xo-kp-Xm-bpx.þ

IpPZibnse _p[m]lmc¯nÂ
Acn-`-bw- þ i{Xp-`bw,
tNm-tcm-]-{Zh þ IÅ-·m-cpsS ieyw,
AÀ°-lm\n þ [\-\jvSw,
]ip- K-P -Xp-c-KmWmw hn¹-thm- þ ]ip,B\, IpXnc Chbv¡p tZmjw,
Aan-{X-tbmKx þ i{Xp-_Ôw,
\r]-Ir-X- ]-cn-]oUm þ cmP-tIm]w,
iq{Z-ssh-tcm-Ûthm þ iq{Z-cpsS hntcm[w

(25)
Ai-\n-`-b-a-I-kvam-Z-án-i-kv{X-]oUm
hnK-a-\-aY tZimZzn¯-\m-tim f -Y-hm -kymXv
Ah-K-a-\-a-kpt`ym tbmjntXm hm hn\mix
 [475]

{]hn-iXn bZn tIXu {Iqc-t\-{Xm-bp-c´w.

{]hn-iXn bZn tIXpx {Iqc-t\-{Xm-bp-c´wþ

IpPZibnse tIXp A]lmc¯nÂ
Ai-\n-`-b- þ CSn-an-¶Â `bw,
A-I-kvam-Xv þ A{]-Xo-£n-X-amb
A-án -i-kv{X- {]]oUm þ Aán aqehpw Bbp-[w aqehpw- `bw,
hnK-a-\-aY tZim þ hntZ-i-K-a\w,
hn¯-\m-i þ [\-\miw,
Ah-K-a-\w- A-kpt`ym þ (X\n¡p) {]mW\jvSw
tbmjntXm hm hn\mix þ Asæn `mcymacWw

(26)
bp[n P\n-X-hn-am\w hn{]-hmkx kztZ-imXvþ
hkp-lr-Xn-c]n tNmsscÀhm-a-t\-t{Xm-]-tcm[x
]cn-P-\-]-cnlm\nÀÖm-btX am\-hm-\mþ
a]-l-cXn bZm-bpÀ`q-anPw `mÀ¤-th{µx.

BbpÀ`q-anPw `mÀ¤-th{µx. þ IpPZibnse ip{Im]lmc¯nÂ

bp[n P\n-X- hn-am\w * þ bp²wImcWapmIp¶ -am\t¡Sv
hn{]- hmkx kztZ-imXv þ A\y-tZ-i-hmkw,
hkp-lr-Xn- A]n tNmsscx þ IÅ-·mÀ [\w -sIm-p-t]mIpw,
hm-a-t\-{X D]-tcm[ ** þ CS-Xp-I-®n\v AkpJw,
]cn-P-\ -]-cnlm\n þ `rXy-\miw
*bp²¯nepÅ PbwsImp-mIp¶ am\hpw F¶p aebmfw hymJym\§Ä.
Cw¥ojvhymJym\§fn AXp bp²¯nepÅ tXmÂhn Xs¶bmWv.
** kv{XoP\§Ä¡p tcmKhpw F¶pw

(27)
\r]-Ir-X-]-cn-]qPm bp²-e_v[{]`mhx
]cn-P-\-[-\-[m-\y-{io-a-Z-´x-]p-cw N
AXn-hn-e-kn-X-hr¯nw kml-km-Zm-]vX-e-£vaoþ
kvXnan-c-`nZn IpPm-bp˱m-b-kw-lm-c-Wo-Xn.

\r]-Ir-X-]-cn-]qPm þ cmP-_-lp-am\w,
bp²-e_v[{]`mhx þ bp²w -(bp-²-P-bw) sIm-p-m-Ip¶ {]Xm]w,
 [476]

]cn-P-\ -[-\ -[m-\y -{io-aXv A--´x-]p-cw N þ

`rXyÀ, [\w, [m\yw, sFizcyw,A´-]pcw Ch-Ifpw,
AXn-hn-e-kn-X-hr¯nw þ B\µ-{]-Z-amb {]hÀ¯n-Ifpw,
kml-km-Xv B-]vX- e-£vao þ kml-kw-sImv e`n¨ kz¯pw.

(28)
hnhn-[-[-\-kp-Xm-]vXnÀhn-{]-tbmtKmcn f hÀss¤Àþ
hk-\-i-b-\-`q-jm-c-Xv\-k-¼Xv {]kqXnx
`hXn Kpcp-P-\mÀ¯nÀKpÂa-]n-¯-{]-]o-Um
[c-Wn-X-\-b-hÀjw ioXKu kw{]-bm-tX.

[c-Wn-X-\-b-hÀjw ioXKu kw{]-bm-tX. þ

IpPZibnse N{µm]lmc¯nÂ
hnhn-[ -[-\- kp-Xm-]vXnx þ ]ehn[ [\em`w, ]p{Xem`w,
hn-{]-tbmtKm AcnhÀss¤x þ i{Xp¡Ä \ncp]{Zhw
(The enemies will not be able to cause sufferings or loss.)*
hk-\- i-b-\ -`q-jm- c-Xv\ k-¼Xv {]kqXnxþ
hkv{Xw, InS-¸v, B`-c-W-§Ä, cXv\w, k¼¯v Ch-bpsS e_v[n,
Kpcp-P-\mÀ¯n þ Kpcp-P-\-§Ä¡p ZpJw,
KpÂa -]n-¯ -{]-]o-Um þ Kpeva]n¯-tcm-K-§Ä
* i{Xp]oUsImv A\ytZihmkw F¶p aebmfw hymJym\§Ä

cmlp-Zibnse A]-lm-c-§Ä
(29)
hnjmw-_p-cp-Kv Zp-jvS-`p-Pw-K-ZÀi\w (1)
]cm-_-em-kw-bp-Xn-cn-jvS-hn-NypXnx
A\n-jvS-hm-Kv Zp-jvS-P-\-hyYm `thXv
hn[p-´p-tZ-\m-]-lrtX kzh-Õ-tc.
(1) ]mTt`Zw: ZÀi\w

hn[p-´p-tZ-\m-]-lrtX kzh-Õ-tc.þ cmlpZibnse kzm]lmc¯nÂ

hnj Aw-_p-cp-Kv þ hnjw, Pew Ch-bp-ambn _Ô-s¸« tcmK-§Ä,
Zp-jvS-`p-Pw-K-ZÀi\w þ hnj¸m¼pIfpsS ZÀi\w
]cm-_-em-kw-bp-Xn þ ]c-kv{Xo-_Ôw,
C-jvS-hn-NypXn þ _Ôp-\miw
A\n-jvS-hm-Kv þ A{]n-b-`m-jWw,
 [477]

Zp-jvS-P-\-hyYm þ ZpjvS-cm ZpJw.

(30)
kptJm-]-\o-Xn-Êp-c-hn-{]-]q-P\w
hntcm-KXm hma-Zrimw kam-Kamx
kp]p-Wy-im-kv{XmÀ°-hn-Nm-c-kw-`-hþ
Êpcm-cn-Zm-bm-´-ctK _rl-kv]-Xu.

kpcm-cn-Zm-bm-´-ctK _rl-kv]-Xu.þcmlpZibnse Kpcp A]lmc¯nÂ

kptJm-]-\o-Xn- þ kpJm\p-`hw,
kpc -hn-{] -]q-P\wþ tZh-{_m-ÒW]qP,
hntcm-KXmþ BtcmKyw,
hma-Zrimw kam-Kam þ þ kpµcokamKaw
kp]p-Wyþ ]pWy-IÀ½-§Ä,
im-kv{XmÀ° -hn-Nm-c- kw-`-hþ imkv{XmÀ°w
apXembh.

(31)-
kao-c-]n-¯-{]-KZx £Xn-kvXt\m
X\q-P-tbm-jn-Õ-l-ssPÝ hn{Klx
kz`r-Xy-\m-iÝ ]Z-Nyp-XnÀ`-thþ
±nXn-{]-Pmbpx {]hn-i-Xy-YmÀ¡-tP.
ZnXn-{]-Pmbpx {]hn-i-Xy-YmÀ¡-tP.þ cmlpZibnse
i\n]lmc¯nÂ
kao-c -]n-¯ -{]-KZx þ hmX-]n-¯-tcm-K-§Ä,
£Xn- X\u þ tZl¯p apdnhv,
X\q-P -tbm-jnX k--l-ssP N hn{Klx þ
a¡Ä,`mcy, ktlm-Z-cÀ, Ch-cp-ambn hg¡v,
kz`r-Xy\m-iÝ þ `rXy-\miw,
]Z-Nyp-Xn þ Øm\-{`wiw

(32)
kpX-kz-kn-²n-x kp-lrZmw kam-Ktam
at\m-hn-\-µ-Xz-a-Xoh PmbtX
]Sp-{In-bm-`q-j-W-Iu-i-em-Ztbm
`pPw-K-kw-h-Õ-c-lm-cn-Wo-µptP.
 [478]

cmlpZibnse _p[m]lmcw
`pPw-K-kw-h-Õ-c-lm-cn-Wo-µptP.þcmlpZibnse _p[m]lmc¯nÂ
kpX -kz- kn-²n- þ ]p{X-þ-[-\-em`w,
kp-lrZmw kam-Ktam þ kplr-Zvkam-Kaw,
at\m -hn-\-µ-Xz þ a\Êt´mjw
]Sp-{In-bm þ \à {]]À¯n-IÄ,
`q-j-W- þ B`-c-W§Ä,
Iu-i-em-Ztbm þ Iuiew XpS-§n-bh
* at\m -hn-þ\-µ-Xz þ at\mhnjaw F¶pw ImWp¶p. .
(feeling of inferiority in an acute form )
kµÀ`w t\m¡pt¼mÄ kt´mjamWv tbmPn¡p¶Xv.

(33)
Pzcm-án-i-kv{Xm-cn-`bw intcm-cptPm
ico-c-I¼x kzkp-lrZv Kpcp-hyYm
hnj-{h-WmÀ¯nx Ielw kplr-Ö-ss\þ
clo-{µ-Zm-bm-´-ctK inJm-[-tc.

Alo-{µ-Zm-bm-´-ctKinJm-[-tc. þ cmlpZibnse tIXpA]lmc¯nÂ

Pzc A-án- i-kv{X Acn -`bw þ ]\n, Xo, Bbp-[w, i{Xp Ch-bmÂ
`bw,
intcm-cptPm þ intcm-tcmKw,
ico-c-I¼x þ tZlw hnd-bv¡Â,
kz kp-lrZv Kpcp -hyYm þ X\n¡pwkplr-¯p-¡Ä¡pwKpcp-
hn\pw
ZpJw,
hnj- {h-W BÀ¯nx þ hnjw, apdnhv Ch-tImp hnjaw,
Ielw kplr-Ö-ss\ þ kplr-¯p-¡-fp-ambn Ielw.

(34)
If-{X-e-_v[n-Èbt\m-]Nm-cXm
Xpcw-K-am-Xw-K-a-lo-k-am-Kax
I^m-\n-emÀ¯nx kzP-ss\Àhn-tcm-[Xm
`thZv `pPw-Km-bp-cp]m-lrtX `rKu.

`pPw-Km-bp-cp]m-lrtX `rKu. þ cmlpZibnse ip{Im]lmc¯nÂ

 [479]

If-{X- e-_v[n- þ `mcym-em`w,

ibt\m-]Nm-cXm þ ib-\-kpJw,
Xpcw-K -am-Xw-K -a-lo- k-am-Kax þ IpXn-c, B\, `qan Ch- em`w,
I^ A\n-e BÀ¯nx þ I^-hm-X-tcm-K-§Ä,
kzP-ss\Àhn-tcm-[Xm þ _Ôp-hn-tcm[w

(35)
Acn-hyYm kymZ-Xn-]o-U\w ZrtimÀþ
hnjm-án-i-kv{Xm-l-Xn-cm-]-Zp-ZvKax

(?) h[q-kp-Xm-À¯n(1) \r-]-tXÀa-lm-`bw

`pPw-K-hÀtj Xnan-cm-cnWm lrtX.
]mTt`Zw: h[qkp[m]vXn þ “`mhIpXqlew”

`pPw-K-hÀtj Xnan-cm-cnWm lrtX.cmlpZibnse kqcym]lmc¯nÂ

Acn-hyYm þ i{Xp-ZpJw,
A-Xn-]o-U\w Zrtim þ t\{X-tcmKw,
hnj Aán- i-kv{Xm -l-Xn -B-]-Zp-ZvKax þ
hnjw, -A-án,- B-bp[w ChaqeapÅ B]¯pIÄ
h-[q-kp-XmÀ¯n þ`mcym]p-{XZp-Jw. (`mcybv¡pw ]p{X-·mÀ¡pw ZpJw.
AsÃ-¦n `mcybpw ]p{Xcpw aqew ZpJw.)
\r-]-tXÀa-lm-`bw þ cmP-`bw

(36)
h[q-hn-\mix Ietlm at\m-cpPx
Irjn-{Inbm hn¯-]-ip-{]-Pm-£bx
kplr-Ö-\mÀ¯nx(1)- ken-em-Ûbw `thXv
hn[u Zim-t`m-àcn tZh-hn-Zzn-jx.
]mT-t`Zw þ kplr-Zzn-]-¯n.

hn[u Zim-t`m-àcn tZh-hn-Zzn-jx.þcmlpZibnse N{µm]lmc¯nÂ

h[q-hn-\mix þ `mcym-\miw,
Ietlm þ Ielw,
at\m-cpPx þ at\m-th-Z-\-IÄ
Irjn -{Inbm hn¯ -]-ip -{]-Pm£bxþ
 [480]

Irjn, [-\w, ]-ip, a¡Ä/{]P-IÄ þ Chbv¡p \miw,

kplr-Ö-\ BÀ¯n- þ _Ôp-¡Ä¡p ZpJw,
k-en-em-Xv `bw þ Pe-`bw.

(37)
\r]m-án-tNm-cm-kv{X-`bw ico-cnWmw
ico-c-\mtim bZn hm alm-cpPx
]Z-{`aw lr¶-b-\-{]-]o-U\w (1)
bZm{X kÀ¸m-bpjn k©-tcXv IpPx
(1) ]mT-t`Zw þ lr¶n[\w {]hoU\w

kÀ¸m-bpjn k©-tcXv IpPx þ cmlpZibnse IpPm]lmc¯nÂ

\r] A-án -tNm-c A-kv{X-`bw ico-cnWmwþ cmPmhv, Xo, I-Å·mÀ,-
Bbp[§ÄChaqeapÅ `bw
ico-c-\mtim þ tZl-\miw,
bZn hm þ AsÃ-¦nÂ,
alm-cpPx þ alm-tcmKw,
]Z-{`aw þ Øm\-N-e\w,
lr¶b-\-{]-]o-U\w þ lrt{ZmKw, t\{XtcmKw
(lr¶n[\w þ at\m-`w-Kw þ aebmfw hymJym\§Ä)

KpcpZibnse A]lmc§Ä

(3-8)
ku`m-Ky-Im-´n--c-Xn-am-\-Kp-tWm-Zbx kymXv
kXv]p-{X-kn-²n-c-h-\o-]-Xn-]q-P\w N
BNm-cy-km-[p-P-\-kw-bp-Xn-cn-jvS kn²nx
kwh-Õcw lcXn tZh-Kpcu kzIo-bw.

kwh-ÕcwlcXntZh-KpcukzIo-bw.þKpcpZibnse kzm]lmc¯nÂ
ku`m-Ky- þ `mKyw,
Im-´n --, þ tZlIm´n
A-Xn-am-\-Kp-tWm-Zbx þ hfsc _lp-am-\hpw
KpW^e§fpw
kXv]p-{X-kn-²n- þ kXv]p-{X-em`w,
 [481]

A-h-\o-]-Xn-]q-P\w þ cmP-_-lp-am\w,
BNm-cy -km-[p-P-\- kw-bp-Xn- þ BNm-cy-·mÀ, kÖ-\-§Ä
Ch-cp-ambn tNcpI,
C-jvS kn²nx þ CjvSImcykn²n

(39)
thiymw-K-\m-a-Z-IrXmanX(1)-tZm-j-kwKx
k¡Àa-(2)ku-Jy-k-Ip-Spw-_-]-ip-{]-]oUmx
AÀ°-hy-tbm-cp-`b-a-£n-P-cp-Iv kp-XmÀ¯nÀþ
ssPho-Zimw hniXn ssZ\-Itc \cm-Wmw.
]mT-t`Zw þ (1) a-Z-IrZmkh-tZm-j-kwKx (2) D-XvIÀj

ssPho-Zimw hniXn ssZ\-Itc \cm-Wmw.þ

KpcpZibnse i\nA]lmc¯nÂ
thiymw-K-\m- a-Z-Ir-X AanXtZm-j-kwKx þ
thiym-kwKhpw aäpw aqeapÅ tZm-j^e§Ä,
k¡Àa- ku-Jy þ -kXvIÀ½w, kuJyw,
-Ip-Spw-_- ]-ip- {]-]oUmxþ þIp-Spw-_w -]-ip- Chbv¡p ]oUIÄ
(kXv{]hr¯nIÄsImp kuJyhpw F¶pw )
AÀ°-hy-tbm þ [\-hybw,
D`b-a-£n-P-cp-Iv þ t\{X-tcmKw,
kp-XmÀ¯n þ ]p{X-ZpJw.

(40)
kv{XoZyq-X-a-Zy-P-a-lm-hy-k\w {XntZmssjx
tINn-Zzn-Z-´y]n N tIh-e-aw-K-fm]vXnx
tZh-Zzn-PmÀ¨-\-kp-XmÀ°-kp-J-{]-tbm-ssKÀþ
KoÀhm-W-]q-Pn-X-Z-im-lrZn N{µ-kq-\u.

KpcpZibnse _p[m]lmcw –þ
KoÀhm-W-]q-Pn-X Z-im-lrZn N{µ-kq-\u. þKpcpZibnse
_p[m]lmc¯nÂ
kv{Xo Zyq-X -a-Zy-P -a-lm-hy-k\w þ kv{XoIfpambpÅ (hgnhn«)
_Ô§fpw, NqXm«hpw aZy]m\hpw aqew, hfscb[nIw ZpJ§fpw
 [482]

{XntZmssj þ
hmX ]n-¯ I-^-§Ä tIm]n¨XpsImpÅ tcmK§fpw ^ew.
tZh -Zzn-P AÀ¨-\ þ tZh-{_m-Ò-W-]qP
kp-X AÀ°- kp-J -{]-tbm-ssKx þ ]p{X [\ kpJ {]m]vXn (XpS§nb)
tIh-e-aw-K-fm]vXnx þ awKfamb ^e§fp#Ipsa¶p
tINnXv hZ´n A]n þ aäp Nne-cpw ]d-bp-¶p.
]ckv]chncp²amb Cu cpXcw ^e§Ä¡pw AhbptSXmb ImcWapv.
ip`\mb hyg¯nsâ Zibn asämcp ip`\mb _p[sâ A]lmcw hymg¯nsâ
ImcIXz§fnÂs¸Sp¶ ]p{X³, [\w, kpJw, tZh{_mÒW]qP XpS§nb \Ã
^e§Ä sImp htcXmWv. F¶m hymg¯nsâ ss\kÀ¤nIi{Xp F¶ \nebv¡v
kv{XoIÄ, aZyw, NqXm«w Ch hgn hymg¯nsâ [\ImcIXzs¯
ZpÀºeam¡n, {XntZmj tIm]¯n\nSbm¡n, hymgw Xtc
[hkpJwt]mepw ]mgm¡pIbmWv A\pIqe\Ãm¯ _p[³ sN¿pI
(41)
ikv{X-{htWm `hXn `rXy-P-ss\À\n-tcm-[þ
Ýn¯-hyYm X\-b-tbm-jn-Zp-]-{Z-hÝ
{]mW-Nyp-XnÀKp-cp-kp-lr-Ö-\-hn-{]-tbmtKm
tZth-Uy-am-bp-c-]-lrXy ZZmXn tIXpx.

tZth-Uy-am-bp-c-]-lrXy ZZmXn tIXpx þ KpcpZibnse tIXp

A]lmc¯n .ikv{X-{htWm `hXn þ Bbp-[w-sImp apdnhv,
`rXy-P-ss\x hn-tcm-[ þ `rXy-cp-ambn hntcm[w,
Nn¯-hyYm þ at\m-ZpJw,
X\-b- tbm-jn-X D-]-{Z-hÝ þ a¡Ä¡pw `mcybv¡pw
D]{Zhw,tcmKw
{]mW-Nyp-Xn þ acWw,
Kp-cp -kp-lr-Ö-\ -hn-{]-tbmtKm þ KpcpP\§fptSbpw
_Ôp¡fptSbpw, -thÀ]mSv
(42)
\m\m-hn-[mÀ°-]-ip-[m-\y-]-cn-ÑZkv{Xoþ
]p{Xm-¶-]m-\-i-b-\mw-_-c-`q-jWm]vXnx
tZh-Zzn-PmÀ¨-\-ap-]m-k-\-X-Xv]-c-Xzþ
ambpcyZm lcXn ssPh-a-Ym f- kp-tcUyx.

Bbp bZm lcXn ssPh-a-Y -Akp-tcUyx.þ

KpcpZibnse ip{Im]lmc¯nÂ
 [483]

\m\m-hn-[ þ ]e-hn[¯nepw
AÀ° -]-ip -[m-\y-]-cn-OZþ [\w, ]ip¡Ä, [m\yw, ]cnhmc§Ä
kv{Xo ]p{Xþ `mcy, a¡Ä
A-¶- ]m-\ i-b-\ þ `£Ww, ]m\obw, ib\w
Aw-_-c -`q-j-W þ hkv{X§Ä, B`-c-W-§Ä
B]vXnx þ Ch e`n-¡pw.
tZh-Zzn-P AÀ¨-\ þ tZh {_mÒW ]qP,
D--]m-k-\ -X-Xv]-c-Xzw þ D]m-k-\- ChIfnÂ
X¸c\mIpw.

(43)
it{XmÀPbx £nXn-]-am-\-\-IoÀ¯n-em`x
kym¨WvUXm \c-Xp-cw-K-a-hm-l-\m]vXnx
t{iWy-{K-lm-c-]p-c-cm-jv{S-k-a-kvX-k-¼þ
Zpss¨-cp-N°y-k-l-Pm-bp-cp-]m-lr-tX f- Àt¡.

DN°yklP Bbp D]mlrtX AÀt¡ þ

KpcpZibnse kqcym]lmc¯nÂ
it{XmÀPbx þ i{Xp-Pbw,
£nXn-]-am-\-\- þ cmP_lp-am\w,
IoÀ¯n-em`x þ {]ikvXn,
NWvUXm þ ]cm-{Iaw,
\c- Xp-cw-K-a- hm-l-\ B]vXnx þ ]Ã-¡v, tXcv apX-em-b hml\§fpw
t{iWnA{K-lm-c-]p-c -cm-jv{S -k-a-kvX -k-¼Xv þ
sXcp-hv, A{K-lm-cw, \K-cw, cmPyw XpS§n kI-e-k-¼-¯p-Ifpw
({Ia¯nÂ) Dm-Ipw.

(44)
tbmjn-Zv_-lp-Xza-cn-\m-i-\-aÀ°-em`w
IrjyÀ°-h-kvXp-]-c-tam-¶-X-IoÀ¯n-em`w
tZh-Zzn-Pmˬ-\-]-c-Xz-a-Xoh ]pwkmw
kRvPm-btX Kpcp-Z-im-lrXn iÀh-co-ti.

Kpcp-Z-im-lrXn iÀh-co-ti þ KpcpZibn N{µm]lmc¯nÂ

tbmjn-Xv _-lp-Xzw þ hfsc `mcy-amÀ,
A-cn-\m-i-\w- þ i{Xp-\miw,
 [484]

AÀ° -em`w þ [\-em`w,

Irjn AÀ°- h-kvXp- þ Irjn, [\w,
]-c-tam-¶-X- IoÀ¯n-em`w þ Gähpw henb {]ikvXn Ch e`n¡pw.
tZh- Zzn-P AÀ¨-\-]-c-Xz-w AXoh... þ tZh-{_m-Ò-W-]q-P-I-fnÂ
AXoh XmÂ]cyw DmIpw.

(45)
_Ôq-]-tXm-j-W-a-cn-{h-P-tXm f-- À°-em`x
kpt£-{X-k-XvIr-Xn-cnl {]Yn-X-{]-`mhx
CujXv Kpcq-]-l-Xn-co-£-W-kp-£-XnÀhm
£nXym-ßtP lcXn hÕ-c-am-cy-Pm-Xw.

£nXym-ßtP lcXn hÕ-c-am-cy-Pm-Xw þ

KpcpZibnse IpPm]lmc¯nÂ
_Ôq]-tXm-j-W-w þ _Ôp-¡Ä¡p kt´mjw,
Acn-{h-P-tXm AÀ°-em`x þ i{Xp-¡-fnÂ\n¶v AÀ°-em`w,
kpt£-{X þ `qanem`w
k-XvIr-Xn þ kXv{]-hr¯nIÄ,
{]Yn-X-{]-`mhx þ {]`mhhÀ²\,
CujXv Kpcq-]-l-Xn þ Kpcp-hn\v A\À°w
Cu-£-W-kp-£-Xn þ t\{X-tcmKw
(46)
_Ôq-]-X-]vXn-cp-cp-am-\-k-cp-¤-ZmÀ¯nþ
tÝmcm-Ûbw Kpcp-KtZm PTtcmÛthm hm
cmtP--{µ-]o-U-\-a-cn-hy-k\w kz\miw
k¼ZytX lcXn kqcn-Zimw kpcm-cu.

kqcn-Zimw kpcm-cu þ KpcpZibnse cmlpA]lmc¯nÂ

_Ôq-]-X-]vXn- þ _Ôp-¡Ä¡p ZpJw
(_-Ôp-¡-sf-s¡mp ZpJw F¶pw)
Dcp-am-\-k- þ a\x-{]-bmkw,
cp-¤-ZmÀ¯n þ tcmK-Zp-J-§Ä,
tNmcm-Ûbw þ tamjW`oXn
Kpcp-KtZmPTtcmÛthm hm þ Kpcp-Xcamb, _Ôamb, {]iv\§Ä
cmtP--{µ-]o-U-\ þ cmtPm-]-{Zhw,
A-cn-hy-k\w þ i{Xp-ieyw,
 [485]

kz\miw þ [\-\miw

i\n-Z-i-bnse A]-lm-c§Ä

(47)
Irjn-hr-²n-`r-Xy-a-ln-jm-`yp-Zbw
]h-am-\-cpIKvhrj-e-Pm-Xn-[\w
Øhn-cmw-K-\m-]vXn-c-e-k-Xz-aLw
\nP-h-Õ-cm-´-c-KtX chn-tP.
\nP-h-Õ-cm-´-c-KtX chn-tP.þ i\nZibnse kzm]lmc¯nÂ
-Irjn-hr-²n- þ Irjn-¡v A`n-hr²n,
`r-Xy -a-ln-j A`yp-Zbw þ `rXy-·mcpw, t]m¯pIfpw hÀ²n¡pw.
]h-am-\-cpIv þ hmX/hmbp-tcmKw,
hrj-e-Pm-Xn-[\w þ Zmk-·mÀ hgn [\m-K-aw,
Øhn-c Aw-K-\ B-]vXn þ hr²kv{Xo_Ôw,
Ae-k-Xz-w þ Ae-kX,
ALw þ ]m]w

(48)
kp`-K-Xz-a-kvXn-kp-JnXm h\nXm
\r]-em-f\w hnP-b-an-{X-bpXnx
{XnKtZmÛhx kl-P-]p-{X-cpPm
i\n-Zm-b-lm-cnWn iim-¦-kp-tX.

i\nZibnse _p[m]lmcw
i\n-Zm-b-lm-cnWn iim-¦-kp-tX-þ i\nZibnse _p[m]lmc¯nÂ
kp`-K-Xz-w- þ kuµcyw,
kp-JnXm h\nXm þ kv{XokpJw,
\r]-em-f\w þ cmPkt´mjw
hnP-bw-,
an-{X-bpXn þ kplrXv kwKaw,
{XnKtZmÛhx þ {XntZm-j-§Ä,
kl-P- ]p-{X -cpPm þ ktlm-Z-cÀ¡pw ]p{XÀ¡pw tcmK-§Ä
 [486]

(49)
acp-Z-án-]o-U-\-a-cn-hy-k\w
kpX-Zm-c-hn-{K-l-bp-Xn-Ê-XXw
Aip-`m-h-tem-I-\-a-tlÝ `bw
arZp-h-Õ-cm³ lcXn tIXp-]-Xu. (1)
]mTt`Zw: i\nhÕcm²cXn tIXp]Xu þ `mhIpXqlew

acp-Z-án-]o-U-\w þ hmX-/hmbptcm-Kw, Aán-

`bw,
Acn -hy-k\w þ i{Xp-¡Äaqew ZpJw,
kpX- Zm-c- hn-{K-l - þ a¡fpw `mcybp-ambn hg¡v,
Aip-` Ah-tem-I-\- þ Aip-`-I-c-am-bh ImWpI
a-tlÝ `bw þ kÀ¸`bw.

(50)
kplr-Zw-K-\m-X-\b kuJy-bpXnx
Irjn-tXm-b-bm-\-P-\n-XmÀ°-Nbx
ip`-IoÀ¯n-cp-Û-hXn tZl-`rXmw
ba-Zm-b-lm-cnWn `rtKmkvX\-tb.

ba-Zm-b-lm-cnWn `rtKmkvX\-tb. þ
i\nZibnse ip{Im]lmc¯nÂ
kplr-Xv Aw-K-\m- X-\b kuJy-bpXnx þ _Ôp-þ`mcyþ-]p{X kpJw,
Irjn -tXm-b-bm-\ -P-\n-X AÀ°-kwNbx þ
Irjn, Pe-bm{X Chaqew k¼¯v
ip`-IoÀ¯n-x- þ {]ikvXn.

(51)-
a-c-W-´p hm cn]p-`bw kXXw
Kpcp-hÀ¤-cp-KvP-T-c-t\-{X-cpPm
[\-[m-\y-hn-Nyp-Xn-cnl {]`-thXv
chn-Pm-bp-cm-hn-iXn Xo{h-I-tc.

chn-Pm-bp-cm-hn-iXn Xo{h-I-tc.þ i\nZibnse kqcym]lmc¯nÂ

 [487]

a-c-W-w Xp hm þ acWw AsÃ-¦nÂ,

cn]p-`bw kXXw þ Ft¸mgpw i{Xp-`bw
Kpcp-hÀ¤ -cp-Kv þ Kpcp-P-\-§Ä¡v AkpJw,
P-T-c- t\-{X-cpPm þ DZct\{XtcmK§Ä,
[\ -[m-\y -hn-Nyp-Xn -þ [\ [m\y \miw

(52)
h\n-Xm-l-XnÀa-c-W-tah \rWmw
kplrZmw hn]-¯n-c-Xn-tcm-K-`bw
Pe-hm-XPw `b-a-Xoh `thþ
{Zhn-Pm-bp-cm-hn-iXn cm{Xn-I-tc.

i\nZibnse N{µm]lmcw
chn-Pm-bp-cm-hn-iXn cm{Xn-I-tcþ i\nZibne N{µm]lmc¯nÂ
h\n-Xm-l-Xnx þ `mcym-a-cWw,
ac-W-tah \rWmw þ X\n¡p acWw,
kplrZmw hn]-¯n þ kplr-¯p-¡Ä¡v/_-Ôp-¡Ä¡v B]-¯p-IÄ,
AXn-tcm-K`bw þ henb tcm-K-`-b-w,
Pe-hm-XPw `b-a-Xoh `thXv þ PeP\yhpw hmXkw_Ôhpamb
tcmK§Ä

(53)
kz]-Z-NypXnx kzP-\-hn-{K-l-cpKv
Pzc-hÓnikv{Xhn-j-`o-c-Yhm
Acn-hr-²n-cm-{´-P-cp-K-£n-`bw
chn-Pm-bp-cm-hn-iXn `qan-kp-tX.

i\nZibnse IpPm]lmcw
chn-Pm-bp-cm-hn-iXn `qan-kp-tX. þ i\nZibnse IpPm]lmc¯nÂ
kz]-Z-NypXn þ Øm\-N-e\w,
kzP-\-hn-{K-l- þ _Ôp-hn-tcm[w,
cpIv Pzc --hÓn ikv{X hn-j- `o-Xn þ tcmKw, ]\n, Aán, Bbp-[w, hnjw
Ch-bpsS `bw,
Acn-hr-²n- þ i{Xp-hÀ²\
B-{´-P-cp-Kv- þ B{´-tcmKw (Hernia),
 [488]

A£n-`bw - þ t\{X-tcmKw

(54)
A]-amÀ¤-bm-\-a-kp-`nÀhn-clw
XzYhm {]ta-l-Kp-cp-Kp-·-`bw
Pzc-cp-Iv £-Xn-xkXX-tah \rWmþ
akn-Xm-´cw hniXn t`mKn-]-Xu.
Akn-Xm-´cw hniXn t`mKn-]-Xuþ i\nZibnse cmlpA]lmc¯nÂ
A]-amÀ¤-bm-\w þ A]-Y-k-©mcw-,
Akp-`nÀhn-clw þ Poh-\m-iw
{]ta-l -Kp-cp-Kp-· -`bw þ {]ta-lw, Kpcp-X-c-amb Kp·³
(Enlargement of spleen) XpS§nb tcmK-§-Ä,
Pzc-cp-Iv þ ]\n,
£-Xn- þ £Xw, apdnhv

(55)
Aa-cmÀ¨\w(1) ZznP-KWm-`n-cp-NnÀþ
Krl-]p-{X-Zm-c-hn-lr-XnkvXp `thXv
[\-[m-\y-hr-²n-c-[nIm ln \rWmw
KX-h-Xy-Ym f À¡n-h-b-ko-{µ-Kp-cu.
(1) ]mT-t`Zw þ tZhmÀ¨\w

AÀ¡n-h-b-ko-{µ-Kp-cu. þ i\nZibnse Kpcp A]lmc¯nÂ

Aa-cmÀ¨\w þ tZh-]qP,
ZznP-Kp-Wm-`n-cp-Nn þ {_mÒ-W-`àn,
Krl- ]p-{X- Zm-c -hn-l-Xn þ hoSv, ]p{X³, `mcy
Chbv¡p \miw,
[\- [m-\y -hr-²n -A[nIm þ [\-[m-\y-hÀ²\

_p[-Z-i-bnse A]-lm-c-§Ä
(56)
[À½-amÀ¤-\n-c-Xn-Àhn-]-ÝnZmw
kwKtam hna-e-[oÀ[\w ZznPmXv
hnZybm _lp-biÊpJw kZm
N{µtP lcXn hÕcw kzIw.
 [489]

N{µtP lcXn hÕcw kzIw.þ _p[Zibnse kzm]lmc¯nÂ

[À½-amÀ¤-\n-c-Xnþ [mÀ½n-I-Im-cy-§fn Xm¸cyw,
hn-]-ÝnXmw kwKtamþ hnZzm·mcpambn kwK-aw.
hna-e-[o þ \nÀ½-e-_p²n,
[\w ZznPmXv -þ {_mÒ-W-cm [\m-Kaw,
hnZybm _lp-bix þ hnZy-sImv hfsc biÊv,
kpJw kZm þ Ft¸mgpw kpJw.

(57)
ZpxJ-tim-I-I-e-lm-Ip-eXzXm
Km{X-I-¼\aan-{X-kw-bpXnx
t£{X-bm-\-hn-bp-XncyZm `thXv
tkma-kq-\p-i-cZw KXx inJo.
tkma-kq-\p-i-cZw KXx inJo. þ _p[Zibnse tIXp A]lmc¯nÂ
ZpxJ þ ZpJw,
tim-I þ timIw,
I-e-l þ hg¡v
vB-Ip-e-XzXm þ `bw
Km{X-I-¼\w þ icocw hnd-bv¡Â
Aan-{X-kw-bpXn þ i{Xp¡fpambn kwtbmKw,
t£{X- bm-\ hn-bp-Xnx þ `qan, hml\w Ch \jvSw.

(58)
tZh-hn-{]-Kp-cp-]q-P-\-{Inbm
Zm\-[À½-]-cXm kZm-Kax
hkv{X-`q-j-W-kp-lr-Zyp-XnÀ`-thXv
t_m[-\m-bpjn kam-lrtX kntX.

.t_m[-\m-bpjn kam-lrtX kntX.þ_p[Zibnse ip{Im]lmc¯nÂ

tZh- hn-{] -Kp-cp- ]q-P-\-{Inbm þ
tZh·mÀ, -{_m-ÒWÀ, Kpcp-P-\-§Ä Chsc ]qPn-¡Â,
Zm\-[À½-]-cXm þ Zm\-[À½-§Ä,
kZm-Kax þ kÕwKw,
hkv{X- `q-j-W- kp-lr-ZypXn þ hkv{Xw, B`-cWw _Ôp-¡Ä
Ch-bpsS hÀ²\.
 [490]

(59)
tla-hn-{Zp-a-Xpcw-K-hm-c-Wþ
{]mhrXw `h-\-a-¶-]m-\-bpIv
`q]-tX-c]n N ]qP\w `thXv
`m\p-am-en\n _p[m-_vZ-Im³ KtX.

`m\p-am-en\n _p[m-_vZ-Im³ KtX.þ_p[Zibnse kqcym]lmc¯nÂ

tla- þ kzÀ®w,
hn-{Zp-a- þ ]hngw,
Xpcw-K- þ IpXnc,
hm-c-W þ B\,
A¶-]m-\-bpIv þ Xn¶m\pw IpSn-¡\ww thh.
{]mhrXw `h-\ þ Ch kar-²-amb hoS,v
`q]-tX-x A]n ]qP\w `thXv þ cmPm-hp-IqSn am-\n-¡pw.

(60)
akvX-I-hy-k-\-a-£n-]o-U\w
IpjvT-Z-{Zp-_-lp-I-WvT-]o-U\w
{]mW-kw-i-b-bp-XnÀ\rWmw `thXv
Úm\-bpjw {hPXn ioX-Zo-[n-Xu.

Úm\-bpjw {hPXn ioX-Zo-[n-Xu.þ_p[Zibnse N{µm]lmc¯nÂ

akvX-I-hy-k-\-w þ Xe-th-Z\,
A-£n-]o-U\wþ t\{X-tcmKw,
IpjvT- þ IpjvTw
Z-{Zp-_-lp þ h«-s¨mdn,
I-WvT-]o-U\w þ IWvT-tcm-Kw,
{]mW-kw-i-b-bp-Xn þ {]mW-`-bw.

(61)
Aán-`o-Xn-c]n t\{XPm cpPm
tNmcPw `b-a-Xoh ZpxJnXm
Øm\-lm-\n-cY hmX-tcm-KnXm
 [491]

Úmbpjw lcXn taZn-\o-kp-tX.

Úmbpjw lcXn taZn-\o-kp-tX.þ_p[Zibnse IpPm]lmc¯nÂ

Aán-`o-Xn- þ Aán-`bw,
t\{XPm cpPm þ t\{X-tcmKw,
tNmcPw `b- þ Xkv¡-c-`bw
AXoh ZpxJnXm þ Xo{h-ZpJw,
Øm\-lm-cn-þ Øm\-\jvSw,
hmX-tcm-KnXm þ hmX-tcmKw

(62)
am\-lm-\n-c-Y-hm f -{i-b-NypXnx
kz£-tbm- f án-hn-j-tXm-bPw `bw
akvX-Im-£n-P-T-c-{]-]o-U\w
ioX-c-ivan-P-Zimw KtX f kp-tc.

ioX-c-ivan-P-Zimw KtXAkp-tc.þ_p[Zibnse cmlp A]lmc¯nÂ

am\-lm-\n þ am\-lm\n-
B{i-b-NypXnx þ B{i-b-an-Ãm-Xm-hpI,
kz£-tbm- þ kz¯p-\m-iw
Aán- hn-j -tXm-bPw `bw þ Aán, hnjw, Pew Ch-
Imc-W-ambp-mIp¶`bw,
akvX-I A-£n- P-T-c -{]-]o-U\w þincÊv, I®v, hbÀ Ch-bv¡p
tcmK-]o-U-IÄ-.
(63)
hym[n-i-{Xp-`-b-hn-Nyp-XnÀ`-thXv
{_Ò-kn-²n-c-h-\o-i-k¡rXnx
[À½-kn-²(1)X-]kmw kap-ZvKtam
tZh-a-{´nWo hntZm Zimw KtX.
(1) ]mT-t`Zw þ [À½-kn²n

tZh-a-{´nWo hntZm Zimw KtX. þ_p[Zibnse hymgm]lmc¯nÂ

hym[n -i-{Xp- `-b- hn-Nyp-XnÀ`-thXv þ
tcmKw, i{Xp,- `bw Ch-bn-Ãm-Xmhpw,
{_Ò-kn-²n- þ {_Ò-Úm\kn²n,
A-h-\o-i-k¡rXnx þ cmP-_-lp-am\w,
 [492]

[À½-kn-²X-]kmw kap-ZvKtam þ [À½-hÀ²-\-bm Xt]m-hr¯n

Bcw-`n-¡p-w

(64)
AÀ°-[À½-]-cn-ep-]vXn-cp-¨ssIx
kÀh-Im-cy-hn-^-e-Xz-aw-Kn\mw
tÇjva-hm-X-P-\n-tXm-cp-cp-Kv`thm
t_m[-\m-bpjn kam-lr-tX f - -kn-tX.

t_m[-\m-bpjn kam-lr-tX AknX-x.þ_p[Zibnse i\n A]lmc¯nÂ

AÀ°- [À½- ]-cn-ep-]vXn D-¨ssIxþ AÀ°w, [À½w Ch \jvS-amIpw,
kÀh-Im-cy-hn-^-e-Xzw- þ FÃm Imcy-§-fnepw ]cm-Pbw
tÇjva- hm-X-P-\n-X cp-Kv`thmþ I^-hmXkw_-Ôn-I-fmb tcmK-
§Ä.

tIXp-Z-i-bnse A]-lm-c-§Ä
(65)
cn]p-P-\-I-elw kplr-Zzn-tcm-[þ
kvXzip`hNx {ihWw Pzcmw-KZmlw
Ka-\-a-]-c-[mav\n hn¯-\miw
inJn\n et`X Zimw KtX kzIobmw.

inJn\n et`X Zimw KtX kzIobmw.þ tIXpZibnse kzm]lmc¯nÂ

cn]p-P-\-I-elw þ i{Xp-¡-fp-ambn hg¡v,
kplr-Zzn-tcm-[kvXp þ _Ôp-hn-tcm[w,
Aip`hNx {ihWw þ Aip-`-hmÀ¯-IÄ tIÄ¡pI,
Pzcmw-KZmlw þ ]\nbpw Np«p\odepw
Ka-\w A-]-c-[mav\n þ A\y-Kr-l-hmkw,
hn¯-\miw þ [\-\jvSw.

(66)
ZznP-h-c-I-elw kv{Xnbm hntcm[w
kzIp-e-P-ss\-c]n I\y-Im-{]-kqXnx
]cn-`-h-P-\\w ]tcm-]-Xmt]m
`hXn kntX inJn-h-Õ-cm-´-cm-tf.
 [493]

`hXn kntX inJn- h-Õ-cm-´-cm-tf.þ

tIXpZibnse ip{Im]lmc¯nÂ
ZznP-h-c-I-elw þ {_mÒ-W-Ielw
kv{Xnbm hntcm[w þ `mcym-hntcm[w
kzIp-e-P-ss\-c]n þ kzP\hntcm[w
I\y-Im-{]-kqXnx þ ]p{XoP\\w,
]cn-`-h-P-\\w þ ]cn-`hw,
]tcm-]-Xmt]m þ aäp-Å-hÀ¡p ZpJapm¡p¶
Imcy§Ä sN¿pI.

(67)
Kpcp-P-\--a-cWw Pzcm-h-Xmcx
kzP-\-hn-tcm-[-hn-tZ-i-bm-\-em`w
\r]-`bIelw(1) I^m-\n-emÀ¯nÀþ
hniXn chu inJn-h-Õ-cm-´-cm-fw.
(1) ]mT-t`Zw þ \r]-Ir-X-I-elw

chu inJn-h-Õ-cm-´-cm-fw.þtIXpZibnse kqcym]lmc¯nÂ

Kpcp-P-\-\-a-cWw þ Kpcp-P-\-§-fpsS acWw,
Pzcm-h-Xmcx þ ]\n,
kzP-\-hn-tcm-[-w,
hn-tZ-i-bm-\-em`w þ hntZ-i-bm{XsIm-p- [\em`w
\r]-`b þ cmP`bw
Ielw þ hntcm[w,
I^m-\n-emÀ¯n þ I^-hm-X-tcm-K-§Ä

(68)
kpe-`-_-lp-[\w XssY-h- lm\nx
kpX-hn-ctlm _lp-Zpx-J-`mIv {]kqXnx
]cn-P-\-bp-hXn{]Pm-{]-em]x (1)
iin-\n bZm inJn-Zm-b-a-`yp-t]tX.

iin-\n inJn-Zm-b-a-`yp-t]tXþtIXpZibnse N{µm]lmc¯nÂ

kpe-`-_-lp-[\w þ {]bm-k-s¸-SmsX Xs¶ hfsc [\w- e`n-¡pw.,
 [494]

XssY-h- lm\nx þhcp¶Ffp-¸-¯nÂXs¶Aht]mIp-Ibpw sN¿pw.

kpX-hn-ctlm þ ]p{X-hn-clw,
_lp-Zpx-J-`mIv {]kqXnx þ hfsc ZpJ-ap-m-¡p¶ a¡-fpsS P\\w,
]cn-P-\ -bp-hXn {]Pm- {]-em] þ`rXyÀ¡pw`mcybv¡pwa¡Ä¡pw ZpJw

. (69)
kzIpeP-I-elw kz_-Ôp-\mtim
`b-a]n ]¶-KPw hZ´n tNmcmXv
lpX-h-l-`-b-a{Xi{Xp]oUm
{hPXn IptP [zP-\m-a-tJ-N-cm-bpx.

{hPXn IptP [zP-\m-a-tJ-N-cm-bpx. þ

tIXpZibnse IpPm]lmc¯nÂ
kzP-\-I-elw - þ kz´-¡m-cp-ambn hg¡v,
kz_-Ôp-\mtim þ _Ôp-¡Ä¡p \miw,
`b-a]n ]¶-KPw hZ´n tNmcm þkÀ¸-`-bw, XkvI-c-`bw,
lpX-h-l-`-b- þ Aán-`bw,
i{Xp-]oUm þ i{Xp-¡-fpsS D]-{Zhw

(70)
Acn-KXI-etlm \r]m-án-tNm-sscÀþ
`b-a]n ]¶-KPw hZ´n XÚmx
Je-P-\-h-N\w Zpcn-jvS-tNjvSm
Xakn KtXf{X inJo-{µ-Zm-b-am-lpx.

Xakn KtXA{X inJo-{µ-Zm-b-am-lpx.þ

tIXpZibnse cmlp A]lmc¯nÂ
Acn-K-X-I-etlm þ i{Xp-¡fp-ambn hg¡v,
\r] A-án -tNm-sscx ]¶-KPw `bw- þ
cmPm-hv, Xo, IÅ-·mÀ,kÀ¸-§Ä Ch-cnÂ- \n¶p `bw,
Je-P-\-h-N\w þ ZpÀÖ-\-§-fp-ambn hmKzmZw,
Zpcn-jvS-tNjvSm þ CjvS-a-Ã-¯ {]hÀ¯nIÄ

(71)
kpX-h-c-P-\\w kptc-{µ-]qPm
[c-Wn-[-\m-]vXn-cp-]m-b-\m-À-°-kn²nx
 [495]

[\-NbP\\w alo-i-am\w
KX-hXn tZh-Kpcu ioJo-{µ-Zm-bw.

tZh-Kpcu ioJo-{µ-Zm-bw. þ tIXpZibnse hymgm]lmc¯nÂ

kpX-h-c-P-\\w þ kXv]p-{X-em`w,
kptc-{µ-]qPm þ tZh-]qP,
[c-Wn- [-\ B]vXn þ `qan, [\w F¶nh DmIpw
D-]m-b-\m-À-°-kn²nx þ ImgvN-{Z-hy-§Ä e`n-¡pw
alo-i-am\w þ cmP-_-lp-am\w. kn²n¡pw.

(72)
- ]cn-P-\-hn-lXnx ]tcm-]-Xm]w
cn]p-P-\-hn-{K-l-aw-K-`w-KXmw N
[\-]-Z-hn-bpXnw XYm-lp-cmcym
KX-hXn kqcy-kptX inJm-[-cm-bpx.

kqcy-kptX inJm-[-cm-bpx. þ tIXpZibnse i\nA]lmc¯nÂ

]cn-P-\-hn-lXnx þ `rXy-\miw
]tcm-]-Xm]w þ henb ZpJ§Ä
cn]p -P-\ -hn-{K-lw- þ i{Xp-¡-fp-ambn hg¡v
Aw-K-`w-KXmw þ AwK-`wKw,
[\ -]-Z-hn- bpXnw þ[\w, Øm\w ChbpsS- \miw

(73)
kpX-h-c-P-\\w {]`p-{]-ikvXnx
£nXn-[-\-kn-²n-c-co-iz-c-{]-]oUm
]ip-Ir-jn-hn-l-XnÀ`-th¯p ]pwkmw
hniXn _pt[ inJn-h-Õ-cm-´-cm-fw.

_pt[ inJn-h-Õ-cm-´-cm-fw.þ tIXpZibnse _p[m]lmc¯nÂ

kpX-h-c-P-\\w þ kXv]p-{X-P-\\w,
{]`p-{]-ikvXnx þ {]`p-¡-·mcpsS AwKo-Imcw,
£nXn- [-\- kn-²n þ `qan,- [-\-em`w,
A-co-iz-c -{]-]oUm þ i{Xp-ieyw,
]ip -Ir-jn -hn-l-Xnx þ ]ip-¡Ä, Irjn Chbv¡p \miw.
 [496]

ip{I-Z-i-bnse A]-lm-c-§Ä

(74)
hk-\-`q-j-W-hm-l-\-N-µ-\mþ
Zy\p-`hx {]a-Zm-kp-J-kw-]Zx
ZypXn-bp-h(c]n)-£n-Xn-]m-²-\-e-_v[tbm
`rKp-kptX kzZimw {]hn-iXy-]n.

`rKp-kptX kzZimw {]hn-iXn þ ip{IZibn kzm]lmc¯nÂ

hk-\ -`q-j-W -hm-l-\ -N-µ-\mZn A\p-`h þ
hkv{Xw, B`-c-Ww, hml-\w, Nµ\mZnhmk\{Zhy§Ä
XpS-§n-b-h-bpsS A\p-`hw,
{]a-Zm-kp-Jw- þ kv{XokpJw
kw-]Zx þ k¼¯v,
ZypXn þ tZl-Im´n,
bp-h-£n-Xn-]m-Xv [-\-e-_v[tbm þ bph-cm-Pm-hnÂ\n¶pw [\-e_v[n

(75)
\b-\-Ip-£n-I-t]m-e-K-tZm-Ûhx
£nXn-]-`oÝ kZmf]n(1) ico-cnWmw
Kpcp-Ip-tem-Û-h-_m-Ô-h-]o-U\w
`rKp-kp-Xm-bpjn `m\p-aXn ØntX.
(1) ]mT-t`Zw þ £nXn-`rtXm `b-akvXn
`rKp-kp-Xm-bpjn `m\p-aXn ØntX.þip{IZibn kqcym]lmc¯nÂ
\b-\- Ip-£n -I-t]m-e -K-Z D-Ûhxþ t\{Xw,DZ-cw, IhnÄ Ch-bv¡-
kpJw,
£nXn-] -`ox þ cmP-`-bw
Kpcp- Ip-e D-Û-h- _m-Ô-h- ]o-U\wþ
Kpcp-P-\-§-fnÂ\n¶pw _Ôp-¡-fnÂ\n¶pw D]-{Zhw
(76)
\J-in-tcm-cZ-\-£-Xn-cp-¨ssIx
]h-\-]n-¯-cp-KÀ°-hn-\m-i\w
{Kl-Wn-Kp-eva-I-b-£va-I-]o-U\w
knX-h-tbm-lrXn X{X lna-Xz-jn.
 [497]

3 ip{IZibn N{µm]lmcw
knX-h-tbm-lrXn lna-Xz-jn.þ ip{IZibn N{µm]lmc¯nÂ
\J -in-c cZ-\- £-Xn-x D¨ssIx þ \Jw, inc-Êv, ]Ãv Chbv¡p \miw,
]h-\ -]n-¯- cp-Kv þ hmX]n¯-tcm-K-§Ä,
AÀ°-hn-\m-i\w þ [\-\jvSw,
{Kl-Wn-Kp-eva-I -b-£va-I -]o-U\wþ{KlWn, Kp·³,£bw Ch-bpsS
ieyw.

(77)
cp[n-c-]n-¯-K-ZmÀ¯n-k-am-{ibx
I\-I-Xm-{a-N-tbm f h-\n-kw-{Klx
bph-Xn-Zq-j-W-ap-Zy-a-hn-Nyp-XnÀþ
hrj-`-h-Ã-`-h-Õ-ctK IptP.

hrj-`-h-Ã-`-h-Õ-ctK IptP. þ ip{IZibn IpPm]lmc¯nÂ

cp[n-c- ]n-¯ -K-Z BÀ¯n -k-am-{ibxþ cà ]n¯ tcmK§Ä
I\-I- Xm-{a -N-tbm Ah-\n-kw-{Klw þ kzÀ®w, sN¼v, `qan Ch-bpsS
k¼m-Z\w,
bph-Xn-Zq-j-Ww- þ kv{XoIsf Zqjn-¡Â
D-Zy-a-hn-Nyp-Xnþ {ia-§-sfÃmw ]cm-P-b-
s¸-Sp-I.

(78)
\n[n-`-h-Êp-X-e-_v[n-c-`o-jvS-hmIv
kzP-\-]q-P-\-a-]y-cn-_-Ô\w
Zl-\-tNm-c-hn-tjm-Ûh ]oU\w
Xpe-[-tc-izc hÕ-c-tK-f kptc.

Xpe-[-tc-izc hÕ-c-tK-Akptc.þip{IZibn cmlpA]lmc¯nÂ

\n[n-`-h \n[nem`w,
kp-X-e-_v[n- þ ]p{X-P\\w,
A`o-jvS-hmIv þ CjvS-hm-¡p-IÄ,
kzP-\ -]q-P-\w -A-]n þ kz´-¡mÀ IqSn _lp-am-\n-¡pw.,
A-cn-_-Ô\w þ i{Xp-¡sf Xfbv¡pw
Zl-\ -tNm-c -hn-j DÛh ]oU\w þ Xo, IÅ-·mÀ, hnjw ChbpsS D]-
{Zhw
 [498]

(79)
hnhn-[-[À½-kp-tci \a-kv{Inbm
`hXn Nmß-P-hm-a-Zr-Km-Kax
hnhn-[-cm-Py-kpJw N ico-cnWmw
Ihn-Z-im-lrXn ImÀ½p-I-\m-b-tI.

Ihn-Z-im-lrXn ImÀ½p-I-\m-b-tI.þ ip{IZibn hymgm]lmc¯nÂ

hnhn-[- [À½ þ ]e-hn[ [mÀ½nI
{]hÀ¯n-IÄ,
kp-tci \a-kv{Inbm þ tZh-]qP,
Bß-P- hm-a-Zr-Iv BKax þ hnhm-lw,- ]p-{X-P-\\w,
hnhn-[ -cm-Py -kpJw þ cmPy-m[nIm-c-a-
S¡w ]e- kpJ-t`m-
K-§fpw e`n¡pw.
(80)
\K-c-\m-Y-\r-t]m-Û-h-]q-P\w
{]h-c-tbm-jn-Z-hm-]vXn-c-YmkvXn hm
hnhn-[-hn-¯-]-cn-Ñ-Z-kw-bp-XnÀþ
±nXn-P-]q-Pn-X-Zm-b-KtX i\u.
ip{IZibn i\nA]lmcw
±nXn-P-]q-Pn-X-Zm-b-KtX i\u.þ ip{IZibn i\nA]lmc¯nÂ
\K-c-\m-Y- \r-] D-Û-h -]q-P\w þ \K-cm-[n-]³,cmPmhvXpS-§n-
b-
hcpsS BZ-chv,
{]h-c -tbm-jn-X -Ahm-]vXn- þ kZvKp-W-h-Xn-bmb`mcysb
In«pw,
hnhn-[-hn-¯-]-cn-Ñ-Z-kw-bp-Xnx þ [\hpw aäp kpJkuIcy§fpw
DmIpw.
(81)-
X\-b-ku-Jy-k-am-K-a-k-¼Zmw
\nN-b-e-_v[n-c-Xn-{]-`pXm bix
]h-\-]n-¯-I-^mÀ¯n-c-cn-Nyp-XnÀþ
±\p-P-a-{´n-Z-im-lrXn N{µ-tP.
±\p-P-a-{´n-Z-im-lrXn N{µ-tP. þ ip{IZibn _p[m]lmc¯nÂ
X\-b- ku-Jy- þ ]p{X-kpJw,
 [499]

k-am-K-a -k-¼Zmw þ km¼-¯nIm`nhr²n

A-Xn-{]-`pXm þ {]`pXzw,
bix þ biÊv
v]h-\ -]n-¯ -I-^ BÀ¯n þ hmX ]n¯ I^ {]iv\-§Ä,
Acn-Nyp-Xn þ i{Xp-\miw.

(82)
kpJ-kp-Xm-Zn-_-lnx-Øn-Xn-a-ánPw
`b-a-Xo-h-X-cm-]-Z-aw-K-cpIv
A]nN hmc-h-[q-P-\-kw-bp-Xnw
inJn\n bmXy-e-au-i-\kow Zimw.
inJn\n bmXn --Di-\kow Zimw.þ ip{IZibn tIXpA]lmc¯nÂ
kpJ- kp-X B-Zn- _-lnx-Øn-Xn þ kpJw, ]p{X-³ Ch CÃmXmhpI,
A-ánPw `b-w þ Aán`bw,
AXo-h -X-c B-]-Z- þ henb B]-¯p-IÄ,
Aw-K-cpIv þ imco-cn-Im-kzm-Øy-§Ä,
hmc-h-[q-P-\ -kw-bp-Xn þ thiymkw-kÀ¤w.

Zim^e{]hN\¯nÂ
{i²nt¡ Imcy§Ä
(83)
Zim-]-lm-tcjp ^ew bZpàw
hÀ®m-[n-Im-cm-\p-KpWw hZ´p
Ont{Zjp kq£vta-jz]n XXv^-em-]vXnÀþ
NvOmbm-¦-hmÀ¯m-{i-h-Wm\n hm kypx.
Zim-]-lm-tcjp ^ew bZpàw þ Zim-]-lm-c-§-fn F´p ^e-amtWm
Dàambn«pÅXv, B ^e-w Hmtcm-cp-¯-cp-tSbpw,
hÀ® A[n-Im-c A-\p-KpWw hZ´pþ hÀ®w (PmXn), sXmgnÂ,
KpWw
ChIqSn A\p-k-cn¨p ]d-b-Ww.
Ont{Zjp kq£vta-jz]n XXv^-em-]vXnx . þ
On{Zw, kq£vaw Ch-I-fnse ^e{]m]vXnbv¡p
Ombm-¦-hmÀ¯m-{i-h-Wm\n hm kypx þ
Omb, AS-bm-fw, hmÀ¯m{ihWw Chbpw ]cn-K-Wn-¡-Ww.
 [500]

sImïp\n¶pw Fkv. än. sdUymÀ B³Uv k¬kv {]kn²oIcn¨ Hcp

{KÙ¯n A]lmc^e§Ä hnhcn¡p¶ Cu 81 tÇmI§fpw CtX]Sn ImWp¶p-
v.

A²ymbw 22 þ BbpÀ±mbZiIÄ
1.ImeN{IZi
1 .ImeN{IZi 2. ImeN{IZi ImWp¶ hn[w 3. \£{X]mZ§fnÂ
cminIfpsS hn\ymkw 4 .khyA]khy\£{X§Ä
5. ImeN{IZibn {Kl§fpsS ZimhÀjw
6. Zim{Iaw
(1) AizXnþImÀ¯nI KW§Ä
(2) `cWn KWw
(3) tcmlnWn KWw
(4) aIbncwþXncphmXnc KW§Ä
7 ImeN{IZibv¡v ASnØm\amb \mep \£{XKW§Ä
8. injvSZi ImWp¶ hn[w
9 Zim{Ia¯nse Nne {]tXyIKXnIÄ
(1) knwlmhtemI\KXn (2, 3) AizhcþaÞqI KXnIÄ
10.A]lmc§Ä ImWp¶ coXn
11.\£{X]mZ ]cambpÊv
12.Zim^ew

2. DXv]¶ B[m\ almZiIÄ

3. \nkÀ¤Zi
4. AwiIZi
1. AwiIZi ImWp¶ hn[w
2. AwiIZi -þ KWnXw
3. h{I¯nepw D¨¯nepw aäpw \nÂ--¡p¶
{Kl§fpsS ZimhÀj¯n hcp¶ hÀ²\
 [501]

4. \oNauVylcWw
5. ZriymÀ²lcWw
6. i{Xpt£{XlcWw
7. eámbpÊv
5.]nÞZi (D¨\oNZi)
1. ]nÞZimhÀj§Ä
2. lcW§Ä
3.{IqtcmZblcWw
4. eáZi
5.\oNlcWw hyàam¡p¶p
6.A`n{]mbw
6. PohiÀ½Zi
7. ]pcpjmbpÊv F{X?
8. Zim{Iaw
9. Cu ZiIÄ Nn´nt¡sXt¸mÄ
10. ]cambpÊv
11. ]cambpÊv BÀ¡p In«pw ?

tlmcmimkv{X¯nse Ggma²ymbw BbpÀ±mbs¯¡pdn ¨pÅ

XmWv. D¨\oNZi, PohiÀ½obZi, AwiIZi F¶o aq¶v BbpÀ ±mbZiIÄ
AhnsS hnhcn¡p¶pv. ^eZo]nI Ccp]¯n cmw A²ymb ¯nepw Cu
hnjbamWv ssIImcyw sN¿p¶Xv. ImeN{IZi (tÇmIw 1þ15),
D¸¶mZm\almZiIÄ (tÇmIw 16), \nkÀ¤Zi (17), AwiIZi (tÇmIw
18þ20), D¨\oNZi (tÇmIw 21þ24), PohiÀ½obZi (tÇmIw 25)
F¶n§s\ Bdp ZiIfmWv ChnsS Cu kµÀ`¯n hnhcn¡p¶Xv. ChbnÂ
ImeN{I ZibmWv {]XyI]cnKW\ tbmsS BZyw hnhcn¡p¶Xv. tIcf
¯nse PmXI§fn ASp¯ Imewhsc hnwtim¯cn¡p ap¼v ImeN{IZi
FgpXp¶ ]Xnhpmbncp¶p.

ImeN{IZi
hnwtim¯cnZibnset¸mse ImeN{IZibnepw ZiIÄIW¡m ¡p¶Xv \
£{X§sf ASnØm\am¡nbmWv. F¶m hnwtim¯cnbn N{µ³ \n¡p¶ \
 [502]

£{XamWv BZyZibpw injvSZibpw \nÝbn ¡p¶sX¦n ImeN{IZibnÂ

Chbv¡Sn Øm\w N{µ³ \n¡p¶ \£{X]mZamWv. cmiym[n]cmWv
ImeN{IZibnse Zim\mY·mÀ. taS¯n\p IpP³, CSh¯n\p ip{I³,
anYp\¯n\p _p[³ F¶ {Ia¯n --Xs¶bmWv CXp hcp¶Xv.^eZo]nI
sImÃw]Xn¸n ImeN{IZisb¡pdn¨p ]¯p tÇmI §tf ImWp¶pÅq. D¯tc
´y³ ]Xn¸pIfn ]Xn\©p tÇmI§fpv; sImSp§ÃpÀ]Xn¸n ]Xnt\
gptÇmI§fpw. .Cu hnjb ¯n PmXI]mcnPmX¯n ^e`mKhpw
hniZmwi§fpw AS¡w 112 tÇmI§fpv. Cu A²ymb¯nse hnjbw
BbpÀKWnXambXn\m AXn\v Bhiyamb KWnX`mKw am{Xta
^eZo]nIbpsS IÀ¯mhv ChnsS hnhcn¡p¶pÅq.

ImeN{IZi ImWp¶ hn[w: :

1. BZyambn P\\kabs¯ \£{X]mZw ImWpI.
2. \£{X]mZwsh¨v P\\kabs¯ cminZi ImWpI.
cmin\mY³Xs¶bmWv Zim\mY³.
144 ZiIfn GXp ZibnemWv P\\w hcp¶sX¶p ImWm³ 3 apX --7
hsc tÇmI§fn -- Bhiyamb hnhc§Ä Xcp¶pv. CXpsh¨vv GXp
cminZibn BWv P\\sa¶pw ZimhÀjw F{XbmsW¶pw Ffp¸¯n Is-
¯mw.

(1)
Z{kmZnXx ]mZhti\ tajmþ
·o\mwiIm´w {Iatim f ]khyw (1)
IoSm²bm´w KWtb¨ khyþ
amÀtKW(2) ]mZ{Iatim f PXmcmÂ.
]mTt`Zw : (1) {IatimY Z£X (2) hmaamÀt¤W
\£{X]mZ§fn cminZiIfpsS hn\ymkw
( tajmXv ao\mwiIm´hpw IoSm²bm´hpw )
A]khyw þ A]khyamb
Z{kmZnXx þ AizXn apXemb \£{X§fpsS
(AizXn, `mcWn, ImÀ¯nIKW§fpsS)
]mZhti\ ]mZ§Ä¡\pkrXambn.
tajmXv ao\mwiIm´w {Iaixþ taSw apXÂ ao\whscbpÅ cminIÄ
{Ia¯nepw
IoSm²bm´w þhrÝnIw apX¡p [\phscbpÅ
 [503]

cminIÄ ]ndtIm«pw F¶ {Ia¯nÂ

KWtbXv N þZiIÄ KWn¡Ww.
khyamÀtKW þ khyamb
APXmcm þtcmlnWn apXemb \£{X§fpsS
Imcy¯nepw (tcmlnWn, aIbncw, XncphmXnc KW§Ä)
.]mZ{Iatim þC§s\ ]mZ{Ia¯n ZiIÄ KWn¡Ww.
(AhnsS cminIfpsS {Iaw CXn\p
hn]coXamWv.)
Hcp \£{X¯n\v \mep ]mZ§Ä. Hcp ]mZ¯n\v H¼Xp ZiIÄ.
CXp {]Imcw Hcp \£{X¯n\v 36 ZiIÄ hcpw. 36 ZiIÄ h«sa¯m³ ]{´p
cminIÄ aq¶p h«w BhÀ¯n¨p hcWw. CXn BZys¯ ]{´s®w taSw
apXÂ ao\w hsc F¶p km[mcW {Ia¯nepw ]ns¶ ]{´s®w hrÝnIw
apXÂ -- [\phsc F¶p hn]coX{Ia¯nepw ASp¯ ]{´s®w taSwapXÂ
ao\whsc F¶ km[mcW {Ia¯nepw BhÀ¯n¨p hcpw. (CXp hyàambn
a\ÊnemIm³ tÇmI§Ä 5þ9 IqSn ImWWw).

A]khy khy \£{X§Ä

( Z{kmZnX.....APXmcmXv )
A]khyw (heXv) khyw (CSXv)
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
AizXn `cWn ImÀ¯nI tcmlnWn aIbncw XncphmXnc
]pWÀXw ]qbw Bbneyw aIw ]qcw D{Xw
A¯w Nn{X tNmXn hnimJw A\ngw Xrt¡«
aqew ]qcmSw D{XmSw Xn.thmWw Ahn«w NXbw
]qcqcp«mXn D{X«mXn tchXn

(2)
Ghw `qbm¨m]khyw N khyw
`m\n {XoWn ({XoWn) hnZymXv{ItaW
X{Zmioit{]màhÀssjÀZim kymþ
tZhw {]mlpx ImeNt{I alm´x.

Ghw `qbmXv N A]khyw N khyw ... C{]Imcw A]khyhpw

khyhpamb \£{X§Ä
`m\n {XoWn ({XoWn) hnZymXv{ItaW... (ta¸dªXpt]mse) ap¶p
hoXapÅ \£{XKW§fmIp¶p
 [504]

XXv cmioi t{]mà hÀssj Zim kymXvþ (AhbpsS ]mZ§Ä¡\p kcn¨p

hcp¶) cmin\mY·mÀ¡p ]dªn«pÅXmIp¶p AhbpsS ZimhÀj§Ä.

apIfn ]dª Bdp \£{XKWfn AizXn, `cWn, ImÀ¯nIbpw

Ahbv¡p XmsgbpÅhbpw Hcp hn`mKhpw (A] khyw) tcmlnWn,
aIbncw, XncphmXncbpw Ahbv¡p XmsgbpÅ hbpw asämcp
hn`mKhpw (khyw) BWv. F¶mÂ, \£{XKW§Ä Bsd® aps¦nepw
ImeN{IZibn AizXn, `cWn, tcmlnWn, aIbncw F¶n§s\ \mep
KW§Ät¡ cminZimhn\ymkw hcp¶pÅp. (C¡mcyw tÇmIw GgnÂ
hyàam¡p¶pv.) AXp sImv, Hcp \£{X¯n\v \mep ]mZ§Ä sh¨v 27 \£
{X§Ä¡v 108 ]mZ§fps¦nepw ChnsS ZibpsS Imcy¯n 4 KWw 4 ]
mZw = 16 ]mZ§tf ]cnKWn¡p¶pÅp. F¶m Cu 16 ]mZ§Ä¡pw
H¼XphoXw {Kl§fpsS Zi hcp¶pv. AXnsâ {Iahpw {Kl§fpsS
ZimhÀjhpamWv C\n ]dbp¶Xv.

(3)
a\px ]cx k\nÀ[\nÀ\r]kvXt]m ht\ {IamXv
ZnhmIcmZn hÕcmx ip`mip`m]vXntlXhx.
ImeN{IZibn {Kl§fpsS ZimhÀj§Ä
cmin Nn§w IÀ¡Sw taSw anYp\w [\p CShw aIcw
hrÝnIw I¶n ao\ Xpemw
Ipw`w
cmiym[n] c N Ip _p Kp ip a
a\p ]c k\n [\n \r] X] h\
50 12 70 09 01 61 40
5 21 7 9 10 16 4=
72
{IamXv þ C§s\ {Ia¯n --
ZnhmIcmZn hÕcmx þ kqcy³ XpS§nbhcpsS ZimhÀjw BIp¶p.
ip`mip`m]vXntlXhxþ (Ah) ip`hpw Aip`hpw Bb ^e§Ä¡v
tlXphmIp¶p.
(IS-]-bmZn A£-c-kwJy A\p_Ôambn sISp¯n«pv.)

(4)
Zim]lmcmZnIImeNt{I
hmIym\n Z{kmZn]ZmZnPm\n
 [505]

h£yman hÀss®À¶h`nÀ`amss\þ
cmioihÀssjx ]cambpc{X.

Z{kmZn ]ZmZnPm\n þ AizXn apXemb \£{X§fpsS ]mZ§fpsS.

Zim]lmcmZnIcminNt{Iþ ImeN{Izibnse ZiIfpw A]lmc§fpw.
hmIym\n þ hm¡pIfnÂ,
hÀss® \h`nx þ H¼Xp hÀ®§fnÂ, A£ckwJyIfnÂ.
h£ymanþ Rm³ ]dbp¶p.

AizXn XpS§nb \£{X§fpsS ]mZ§Ä¡v \nÝbn¨n«pÅ H¼Xp hoXapÅ

cminIsf IS]bmZn A£ckwJyIfn hnhcn¡p¶p.

\mep \£{XKW§Ä. Hmtcm¶n\pw \mep ]mZ§Ä. Hcp ]

mZ¯nsâ Iogn 9 cminIÄ. AXmbXv Hcp \£{XKW¯n\v BsI 36
cminIÄthWw. CXp icnbm¡m³ taSwapX¡v ao\whscbpÅ ]{´p
cminIÄ aq¶ph«w BhÀ¯n¨p hcWw. Cu BhÀ¯\w cp hn[¯nemWv.
BZyw taSwapXÂ ao\w hsc {Ia¯nÂ. ]n¶oSv hrÝnIw apXÂ [\phsc ]
ndtIm«v

(5)
]ucw Kmthm anX kwZnKv[w \£t{Xµpx k Xp `qiqew
cqt]{X£¶n[tbmcwtK hmWo NØw Z[n\£{X
(6)
ZmkXthtim Kuco]p{Xw £¶n[nImtcm tKm`qtijw
kuZ[n\£t{Xlmkt´m `uaKpcpx ]p{Xmt£m\m[n.

\£{X{Kq¸pIfpsS ImeN{IZim{Iaw
A£ckwJyIfn –

(1, 2) AizXn , ImÀ¯nI KW§Ä

]u cw Km thm an X kw Zn
Kv[w
]mZw 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
8 9
\ £ t{X µp k Xp `q iq ew
 [506]

]mZw 2 10 11 12 >< 8 7 6 4*
5 3
cq t] {X £ ¶n [ tbm cw tK
]mZw 3 2 1 12 11 10 9 >< 1
2 3
hm Wo N Øw Z [n \ £ {Xw
]mZw 4 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12

(3) `cWn KWw

>< Zm k X th tim Ku co ]p {X
]mZw 1 8 7 6 4 5 3 2
1 12
£ ¶n [n Im tcm tKm `q ti j
]mZw 2 11 10 9 >< 1 2 3 4
5 6
k Z [n \ £ t{X lm kt´m
]mZw 3 7 8 9 10 11 12 >< 8
7 6
`u a Kp cp ]p {Xm t£ \m [n.
]mZw 4 4 5 3 2 1 12 11
10 9

(7)
hmIymt\yXm\yiznbmayÀ£tbmÀtbmþ
\yizn\ymZym\yán`kym]kthy
Kthy f tPtµzmÀh£yamtWjp hmtIyþ
jzntµmÀhmIymt\yh cu{Zky `qbx.

hmIym\n GXm\n þ Cu hmIy§Ä.

Aizn bman E£tbm þAizXn, `cWn \£{X§fpsS
(AizXnþ`cWn{Kq¸pIfpsS) \mep ]mZ§fpsS cminIÄ
(Zim{Iaw) BIp¶p.
Aizn\ymZym\nAán`ky A]kthy þ A]khy \£{X§fn AizXn
XpS§nbhbpsS (AizXn{Kq¸nsâ) hmIy§Ä Xs¶bmWv ImÀ¯nI
{Kq¸ntâXpw.
 [507]

Kthy AtPtµzm þ khy\£{X§fn tcmlnWn, aIbncw

\£{X§Ä¡p (tcmlnWnþaIbnc {Kq¸pIÄ¡p)
h£yamtWjp hmtIyjpþ C\n ]dbm³ t]mIp¶ hmIy§fnÂ.
Ctµm hmIym\n Gh þ aIbnc¯nsâ hmIy§ÄXs¶
cu{Zky `pb þ XncphmXncbv¡pw hcp¶p.

tcmlnWn, aIbncw {Kq¸pIfpsS ]mZ§fpsS cminIÄ Xmsg ]

dbp¶p.. CXn aIbncw{Kq¸n\pw XncphmXnc{Kq¸n\pw Htc hmIy
§Ä Xs¶bmIp¶p.

(8)
t[\px t£t{X ]pctKm ip`pþ
kvXmkmw P{Xp £¶n[n Zmko
NÀamt`mKo cmb[n\m£þ
kv{Xn ]ucmwtKm inhXoÀ°m_vtP.

tcmlnWn KWw
]mZw
t[ \px t£ t{X ]p c tKm iw`p
1 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 5 4
kv{X kmw P {Xp £ ¶n [n Zm ko
2 6 7 8 * 12 11 10 9 8 7
NÀ am t`m Ko cm b [n \m £
3 6 5 4 3 2 1 * 9 10 11
kv{Xn ]u cmw tKm in h XoÀ°m _vtP.
4 12 1 2 3 5 4 6 7 8

(9)
{X£\n[nÀZm kqNoiwt`m
Kucb[o \£{Xw ]mcw
tKmioh XoÀtY Zm{Xo£þ
t¶m [olknXmwipÀt`mKo caym.
 [508]

(5, 6) aIbncw, XncphmXnc KW§Ä

{X £ \n [nÀ Zm kq No iw t`m
1 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4
Ku c b [o \ £ {Xw ]m cw
2 3 2 1* 9 10 11 12 1 2
tKm io h \oÀ tY Zm {Xn £ t¶m
3 3 5 4 6 7 8* 12 11 10
[o l kn Xmw ipÀ t`m Ko c aym.
4 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

(10)
\£{X]mssZjyLSokap°m
]qÀhm Zim XXv]XnhÀjPmXm
]qÀthmà]mZ{Iatim f {X hnZymXv
tIjmwNntZhw aXamlpcmcymx.

\£{X]mssZ LSokap°m þ P\\kabs¯ \£{X]mZ¯nse \mgnIsh¨,v

N{µ³ \n¡p¶ \£{X]mZ¯nsâ _m¡n sh¨v,
]qÀhm Zim XXv ]Xn hÀjPmXm þ BZys¯ cminZi, injvSZi, B cmiy
[n]sâ ZimhÀj¯n ImWWw.

]qÀthmà]mZ{Iaix þ
t\cs¯ ]dª ]mZ{Ia¯n XpSÀ¶pÅ ZiIfpw ImWWw.
tIjm©ntZhw aXamlp Bcymþ CXmWv BNmcy·mcpsS A`n{]mbw

injvSZi ImWp¶ coXn

DZmlcWPmXIw. tcmlnWn \£{Xw
tcmlnWn . \£{XKXw 47þ28 1/ 2 . \memw]mZw
\£{X]mZw: \memw]mZw
Zimcmin ao\w. Zim\mY³ Kpcp. ZimhÀjw 10 hÀjw

{Inb:--
\£{XssZÀLyw 60 \mgnI. \£{XKXw 47þ281/2
 [509]

_m¡n (60 þþ 47 1/2) = 12þ301/2 _m¡n

10 x 12þ30 1/2 = 10 x 12 x 30 = 3600 x 7515=
8.35 hÀjw
4. 2 amkw
6 Znhkw
P\\injvSZi 8 hÀjw 4 amkw 6 Znhkw Qjm[n] KpcpZim.

\£{Xw 60 \mgnI F¶ IW¡v CS¡me¯psh¨p amdn bXn\mÂ

Ct¸mÄ Hmtcm Znhkt¯bpw \£{X\mgnI {]tXyIw t\mt¡Xpv. ]
mc¼cycoXnbnse kabm[njvTnXamb KWnX¯nte Cu
_p²nap«pÅp .Øem[njvTnXamb B[p\nI KWnX¯n N{µ kv^pSw
sh¨v Cu {Inb Ffp¸w sN¿mw.

DZmlcWwþþ
N{µkv^pSw 1þ20þ33 =50þ33
AXp hcp¶ \£{X]mZw =50þ00 þþ 53þ20
(tcmlnWn \memw ]mZw)
Zimcminbpw Zim\mY\pw =ao\w. Kpcp. 10 hÀjw
\£{X]mZ¯n _m¡n 53þ20 þþ 50þ33 = 2þ47
3þ20 \£{Xw = 10 hÀjw
2þ47 \£{Xw ?
10 x 167 = 8.35 hÀjw = 8 hÀjw 4 amkw 6 Znhkw
200
Cu KWnXw IqSpX Ffp¸¯n sN¿m³ tS_nfpw e`yamWv.

XpSÀ¶pÅ ZiIÄ ImWp¶ coXn

DZmlcWw
tcmlnWn {Kq¸v ]mZw 4
12 1 2 3 5* 4 6 7 8
ao\w taSw CShw anYp\w Nn§ IÀ¡Sw I¶n Xpemw
hrÝnIw
Kp Ip ip _p c N _p ip Ip
 [510]

8þ4þ6 7 16 9 5 21 9 16 7

(11)
Z{kmZn]mZ{]`rXo\n `m\mw
hmIym\n bm\y£c]wànPm\n
tXjmw {ItassWh Zim {]Iev]ym
hmIy{Iaw km[znXn tINnZmlpx

Z{kmZn]mZ{]`rXo\n `m\mw þ
AizXn XpS§nb \£{X§fpsS ]mZ§Ä¡p
hmIym\n bm\n A£c]wànPm\n þ A£ckwJyIfn ]dªn«pÅ
tXjmw {ItassWh Zim {]Iev]ym þ {Ia¯n ZiIÄ ]dbWw.
hmIy{Iaw km[p CXn þ hmIy{IaamWvkm[phmbn«pÅXv F¶p
tINnZmlpx.. þ NneÀ ]dbp¶p .

(12)
hmIy{Ita IÀIyfnao\kÔu
aÞqIKXyizhc¹pXnÝ
knwlmhtemIkv{Xnhn[m XZm\ow
Zim´cw ZpJ^e{]Zw kymXv.

Zim{Ia¯nse Nne {]tXyI cminKXnIÄ

(aÞqI XpcK knwlmhtemI\ KXnIÄ)
hmIy{Ita þ hmIy{Ia¯nÂ.
IÀ¡n Afn ao\ kÔu þ IÀ¡nSw, hrÝnIw, ao\w ChIfpsS
kÔnIfnÂ.(km[mcW A\ptema {]XntemaKXnIÄ¡p ]pdsa
ZimcminIÄ¡v) aÞqIKXn Aizhc¹pXn N knwlmhtemIx {Xnhn[m þ
aÞqIKXn, XpcKKXn, knwlmhtemI\w F¶o aq¶p Xcw {]tXyI
KXnIÄIqSn Dv.
XZm\ow Zim´cw ZpJ^e{]Zw kymXvþ
A¯cw ZiIÄ tZmj^ew sN¿pw.

knwlmhtemI\KXn
AizXn {Kq¸nÂ, taSwapXÂ ao\whscbpÅ ]{´p cmin IfpsS Hcp ]
cnhr¯n ]qÀ¯nbm¡n, ASp¯ ]{´p cminIfpsS ]cnhr¯n Bcw`n¡p¶Xv
 [511]

hrÝnI¯nemWtÃm. ao\¯nÂ\n¶pw hrÝnI ¯ntebv¡pÅ Cu Nm«amWv

knwlKXn. CXpt]mse ]{´p cminIfpsS Hcp ]cnhr¯n ]qÀ¯nbm¡n
ASp¯Xv Bcw`n ¡pt¼msgÃmw knwlKXn BhÀ¯n¡p¶Xmbn
ImWmw. knwlKXnþþ

(1) knwlKXn.
\£{X{Kq¸v ]mZw ]mZw
AizXn 2 ao\wþhrÝnIw, 3 [\pþtaSw
`cWn 2 [\pþtaSw, 3 ao\wþhrÝnIw
tcmlnWn 2 hrÝnIwþao\w. 3 taSw þ[\p
aIbncw 2 taSwþ[\p, 3 hrÝnIwþao\w

DZmlcWw
]mZw 2 10 11 12 8 7 6 4 5 3
]mZw 3 2 11 2 11 10 9 1 2 3

(2, 3) Aizhc (aÀ¡So) aÞqI KXnIÄ

1.Hä cminIÄ am{XapÅ IÀ¡SIþNn§§fnemWv Cu KXnIÄ hcp¶Xv.
2.AizXnþ`cWn {Kq¸pIfn cmin{Iaw ]ndtIm«p t]mIpt¼mgpw
tcmlnWnþaIbnc{Kq¸pIfn apt¶m«v t]mIpt¼mgpamWv Cu cp
KXnIfpmhpI.
3.ImeN{IZibn Zim{Iaw Hcp cminsb adnIS¶v (NmSn¡S¶v) ASp¯
cminbntebv¡p t]mIp¶XmWv aÞqInZi.
4.C§s\ NmSn¡S¶ Zi hopw ]ndtIm«p h¶p ]gb
KXn XpScp¶XmWv aÀ¡SoZi.
DZmlcWw cminIÄ
1. AizXn {Kq¸v ]mZw 2 6þ4þ5
2. `cWn {Kq¸v ]mZw 1 6þ4þ5
3. tcmlnWn{Kq¸ v]mZw 1 3þ5þ4
]mZw 4 3þ5þ4
4. aIbncw {Kq¸v ]mZw 3 3þ5þ4
sImSp§ÃpÀ ]Xn¸n Cu aq¶p {]tXyIKXnIsf hnhcn¡p¶ cp
tÇmI§ÄIqSn ImWp¶p.v. XmXv]cyw CXpXs¶.

(13)
XZzmIyhÀW{Iatim f ]lmcþ
 [512]

hÀjmltX XXv]cambpcm]vtX
XZm Zimbma]lmchÀj
kwJymÝ amkmµnhkm³ htZbpx.

A]lmc§Ä ImWp¶ coXn

ZimhÀjs¯ A]lmc\mYsâ hÀjwsImp KpWn¨v ]cambpÊp sIm-
p lcn¨m -- A]lmcImew In«pw. hÀjw Ign ªp hcp¶Xns\ ]{´psImp
s]cp¡nbm amkhpw, amkw Ignªphcp¶Xns\ ap¸Xp sImp s]cp¡nbmÂ
Znhkhpw In«pw. ]cambpÊns\¸än ]dbp¶Xv ASp¯ tÇmI¯nemWv.

(14)
hmtIyjp bmhOcZmw {]amWw
hZ´n XmhXv ]cambpc{X
tajmZ\oIw aZ\w KtP\
Xpµx ]p\ssÝhapZocnXw XXv.
\£{X]mZ ]cambpÊv
hmtIyjp....þ (Xmsg) hmIy§fn {]amWambn ]dªn«pÅ hÀj§fmWv
Hmtcm \£{X]mZ¯nsâbpw ]cambpÊv.
tajmXv þ taSw XpS§nb cminIÄ¡v
A\oIw aZ\w KtP\ Xpµx
001 58 38 68
= 100 85 83 86
Cu {Iaw AizXn, `cWn {Kq¸pIfptSXmWv.

]p\x N Ghw DZocnXw XXvþ

tcmlnWn, aIbncw {Kq¸pIÄ¡v CXp hn]coXambn hcpw.
\£{X]mZw \£{X{Kq¸pIÄ \£{X{Kq¸pIÄ
AizXnþ`cWn tcmlnWnþaIbncw
ImÀ¯nI XncphmXnc
]mZw 1 100 86
]mZw 2 85 83
]mZw 3 83 85
]mZw 4 86 100
 [513]

Hcp \£{X]mZ¯nsâ Zimcw`w km[mcW KXnbn -- cminIfpsS

CSbv¡mWp hcpI. AXp ImcWw ]cambpÊv XnIbmsX hcpw.
At¸mÄ ASp¯ ]mZ¯nsâ Zim{Ia¯nse BZycminsb XpSÀ¨ cminbmbn
FSp¡Ww. AtX \£{X]mZ¯nsâ cminIÄ BhÀ¯n¨p hcpw F¶
A`n{]bhpw \nehnepv.

Zim^ew
(15)
almZimkp bXv^ew {]IoÀXnXw abm ]pcm
XtZh tbmPtbXv _pt[m Zimwkp ssNhamZnjp.

almZimkp þ hnwtim¯cnZib¡v
(19, 20, 21 A²ymb§fnÂ)
bXv ^ew þ bmsXmcp ^eamtWm,
{]IoÀ¯nXw abm ]pcm þ F¶m t\cs¯ ]dbs¸«Xv,
XXv Gh þ AXpXs¶,
Zimwkp N Ghw BZnjp þ Cu ZiIÄ¡pw,
tbmPtbXv þ tbmPn¸n¨p ]dbWw.

ImeN{IZimk{¼Zmb¯nse BbpÀKWnX`mK¯nsâ Hcp

kw{Klw am{XamWvv ChnsS \ÂInbn«pÅXv. hnkvXcn¨ ^e {]hN\
¯n\v hnwtim ¯cnZibv¡p ]dª ^e§Ä tNÀ¯p Nn´n¡mhp¶ XmWv.
IqSpX -- hnhc§Ä¡pw hnkvXcn¨ ^e`mK ¯n\pw PmXI]mcnPmXw,
{io ap¯pkzmanbpsS ImeN{IZi XpS§nb {KÙ §Ä klmbn¡pw.

ImeN{IZibnse Zim\mY]«nI

1. AizXn þ ImÀ¯nI {Kq¸v

(AizXn, ImÀ¯nI, ]pWÀXw, Bbneyw, A¯w,
tNmXn, aqew, D{XmSw, ]qcpcp«mXn, tchXn)
5 +5 = 10 \£{Xw

]mZw 1 (] þ ]c-
am-bp)
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
 [514]

taSw CShw anYp\w IÀ ¡ Nn§w I¶n Xpemw hrÝn [\p

Ip ip _p N c _p ip Ip Kp ]
7 16 9 21 5 9 16 7 10 100

]mZw 2
10 11 12 8 7 6 4 5 3
aIcw Ipw`w ao\w hrÝn Xpemw I¶n IÀ¡ Nn§w
anYp\w
a a Kp Ip ip _p N c _p
4 4 10 7 16 9 21 5 9 85

]mZw 3
2 1 12 11 10 9 1 2 3
CShw taSw ao\w Ipw`w aIcw [\p taSw CShw
anYp\w
ip Ip Kp a a Kp Ip ip _p
16 7 10 4 4 10 7 16 9 83

]mZw 4
4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
IÀ¡ Nn§w I¶n Xpemw hrÝn [\p aIcw Ipw`w
ao\w
N c _p i Ip Kp a a Kp
21 5 9 16 7 10 4 4 10
86

2. `cWn{Kq¸v
(`cWn, ]qbw, Nn{X, ]qcmSw, D{X«mXn) þ 5 \£{Xw)
]mZw 1
8 7 6 4 5 3 2 1 12
 [515]

hrÝn Xpemw I¶n IÀ¡S Nn§w anYp\w FShw

taSw ao\w
Ip ip _p N c _p ip Ip Kp
7 16 9 21 5 9 16 7 1
100

]mZw 2
11 10 9 1 2 3 4 5 6
Ipw`w aIcw [\p taSw CShw anYp\w IÀ¡ Nn§w I¶n
a a Kp Ip ip _p N c _p
4 4 10 7 16 9 21 5 9 85

]mZw 3
7 8 9 10 11 12 8 7 6
Xpemw hrÝn [\p aIcw Ipw`w ao\w hrÝn Xpemw
I¶n
ip Ip Kp a a Kp Ip ip _p
16 7 10 4 4 10 7 16 9 83
]mZw 4
4 5 3 2 1 12 11 10 9
IÀ¡ Nn§w anYp\w CShw taSw ao\w Ipw`w aIcw
[\p
N c _p ip Ip Kp a a Kp
21 5 9 16 7 10 4 4 10 86

3. tcmlnWn{Kq¸v
(tcmlnWn, aIw, hnimJw, XncpthmWw) þ 4 \£{Xw
]mZw 1
9 10 11 12 1 2 3 5 4
[\p aIcw Ipw`w ao\w taSw CShw anYp\ Nn§w IÀ¡Sw
Kp a a Kp Ip ip _p c N
10 4 4 10 7 16 9 5 21 86
]mZw 2
6 7 8 12 11 10 9 8 7
I¶n Xpemw hrÝn ao\w Ipw`w aIcw [\p hrÝn
Xpemw
 [516]

_p ip Ip Kp a a Kp Ip ip
9 16 7 10 4 4 10 7 16 83

]mZw 3
6 5 4 3 2 1 9 10 11
I¶n Nn§w IÀ¡Sw anYp\w CShw taSw [\p aIcw
Ipw`w
_p c N _p ip Ip Kp a a
9 5 21 9 16 7 10 4 4 85

]mZw 4
12 1 2 3 5 4 6 7 8
ao\w taSw CShw anYp\w Nn§w IÀ¡ I¶n Xpemw
hrÝnIw
Kp Ip ip _p c N _p ip Ip
10 7 16 9 5 21 9 16 7 100

4. aIbncwþXncphmXnc {Kq¸pIÄ
(aIbncw, XncphmXnc, ]qcw, D{Xw,
A\ngw, Xrt¡«, Ahn«w, NXbw.)
(4 + 4 = 8 \£{Xw)
]mZw 1
12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4
ao\w Ipw`w aIcw [\p hrÝnIwXpem I¶n Nn§w IÀ¡Sw
Kp a a Kp Ip ip _p c N
10 4 4 10 7 16 9 5 21 86

]mZw 2
3 2 1 9 10 11 12 1 2
anYp\w CShw taSw [\p aIcw Ipw`w ao\w taSw
CShw
_p ip Ip Kp a a Kp Ip ip
9 16 7 10 4 4 10 7 16
83
 [517]

]mZw 3
3 5 4 6 7 8 12 11 10
anYp\w Nn§w IÀ¡ I¶n Xpemw hrÝn ao\w
Ipw`w aIcw
_p c N _p ip Ip Kp a a
9 5 21 9 16 7 10 4 4 85

]mZw 4
8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
[\p hrÝn Xpemw I¶n Nn§w IÀ¡ anYp\w
CShw taSw
Kp Ip ip _p c N _p ip Ip
10 7 16 9 5 2 1 9 16
100

DXv]¶ B[m\ almZiIÄ

(\£{XZiIÄ)

(16)
P·À£mXv ]cXkvXp ]©a`hm f tYmXv]¶ kwÚm Zim
kymZm[m\Zim f ]ytXm f jvSa`hmXv t£am·lmJym Zim
Bkmtah Zimhkm\katb arXyp{]Zm kym¶rWmw
kzÂ]m\Â]kambpjmw(1) {Xnh[]©Àt£ Zimbm´nta.
(1) ]mTt`Zw þ kmÂ]w ZoÀLkambpjmw

P·À£mXv ]cXkvXp þ P·\£{X¯nÂ\n¶pw

]©a `hmXv D¸¶kwÚm Zim þ
A©mas¯ \£{X¯nsâ Zi D¸¶ F¶p t]cmb ZibmIp¶p.
B[m\Zim AjvSa`hmXv þF«mw \£{X¯nsâ Zi B[m\Zi.
t£amXv almJym Zim. þt£aw þ kpJw þ \mev.
\memw \£{X¯nsâ Zi almZi.
 [518]

Zimhkm\katb arXyp{]Zx kymXv \rWmw þ Cu ZiIfpsS Ahkm\ kabw

(ZimkÔnIÄ) a\pjyÀ¡p amcIamWv.
kzÂ] A\Â] ka Bbpjmw þ A¸mbpÊv, ZoÀLmbpÊv,
a²ymbpÊv F¶n§s\bpÅ aq¶v BbpÀKW¯nÂs¸«hÀ¡v
.{Xn h[ ]©Àt£ Zimbm´nta. þ ({Ia¯nÂ) aq¶v, Ggv, A©v F¶o \£
{X§fpsS ZiIfpsS A´yw arXyp{]ZamWv.

\£{X BbpÀ±iIÄ
\£{X§Ä 5 8 4 3 7 5
t]cv D¸¶ B[m\ alm A¸ ZoÀL a²y

\nkÀ¤Zi
(17)
GIw tZz \hhnwiXnÀ[rXnIrXnx ]©mitZjmw {Iamþ
¨{µmtcµpPip{IPohZn\Irss±hmIcoWmw kamx
sskzsskzx(1)]pjvS^em\nkÀKP\nssXx]wànÀZimbmx{Iamþ
Zt´ eáZim ipt`Xn bh\m t\Ñ´n tINn¯Ym.
(1) ]mTt`Zw þ tkz tkz
GI tZz \h hnwiXnx [rXn IrXnx ]©miXv GXmx {IamXv
1 2 9 20 18 20 50 = (120)
Cu {Ia¯nÂ
N{µ Bc CµpP ip{I Poh Zn\IrXv ZnhmIcoWmw
N Ip _p ip Kp c a þ
XpS§nbhcpsS
kamx þ (Zim) hÀj§Ä BIp¶p.
tkz tkz ]pjvS^em\n....þ Zim\mY·mÀ¡p _eaps¦nÂ
AhchcpsS Zibn ip`^e§Ä DmIpw.
At´y eáZim ipt`Xn bh\m þ eáZibpsS Ahkm\`mKw
ip`sa¶mWv bh\mNmcycpsS A`n{]mbw.
\ CÑ´n tINnXv XYm þ NneÀ CXnt\mSp tbmPn¡p¶nÃ.

\nkÀ¤ZiIÄ
{Klw ZimhÀjw hbÊv (hÀjw)
N{µ³ 1 1
 [519]

IpP³ 2 2þ3
_p[³ 9 4þ12
ip{I³ 20 13þ32
Kpcp 18 33þ50
chn 20 51þ70
aµ³ 50 71þ120
eáZi ..5 Znhkw
BsI 120 hÀjw 5 Znhkw
\nkÀ¤ZimhÀjhpw Zim{Iahpw FÃmhÀ¡pw Hcpt]msebmWv.
Cu ZimhÀj§Ä ]qÀ®_eapÅ AYhm ]ctam¨·mcmb {Kl§Ä¡pÅ
XmWv. AXp{]Imcw {Klw \oN¯nemsW¦n ZimhÀjw CXnsâ ]Ip
Xntb hcq. Nne Ipdbv¡ epIÄ (lcW§Ä) IqSn sN¿m\pv. AXp
sNbvXm PohiÀ½ Zit]mse hcpw. eá¯n IpP³ \n¶m apgph³
BbpÊpw t]mIpw. N{µ³ \n¶m ]¯nsem¶p t]mIpw.

ZnÃn]Xn¸pIfn ChnsS sNdnb hyXymkw ImWp¶pv. eáZi

A´y¯n ip`amIpsa¶Xn\p ]Icw i\nbpsS A¼Xp hÀj¯n eá¯nsâ
ZiIqSn DÄs¸Sp¶psh¶ ImcyamWv bh\mNmcycpsS A`n {]mbambn
sImSp¯n«pÅXv. AsX´m bmepw, aäp ]e {KÙ§fnepw C¯cw ZiIfnÂ
þþ \nkÀ¤Zi, D¨\oNZi (]nÞZi), PohiÀ½obZi XpS§nbhIfn þþ
{Kl§fpsS ZimhÀjw ]dbp¶nS¯v eá¯nsâ ZimhÀjw ImWp¶
coXnIqSn sImSp¯n«pv.

AwiIZi
BbpÀ±mbKWnX¯nse Hcp {][m\ZibmWv AwiZi. hcml
anlnc³ hfsc _lpam\n¨ncp¶ kXymNmcycptSXmWv Cu Zi. tlmcm
imkv{X¯n GgmwA²ymb¯n (tÇmIw 9 apX 13 hsc) AwiIZi
hnkvXcn¨p ]dbp¶pv. kqcyN{µ·mtc¡mÄ eám[n]\p _eaps¦n Cu
ZimcoXnbmWp tbmPn¡pI F¶mWv A`n{]mbw.

(18)
en]vXoIrXy `tPXv {Klw JL\ss\kvXÑnjvSambpjvIem
BimJmiznlrXm_vZamkZnhkmx ktXymZntXw f imbpjn
h{InWyp¨KtX {XnkwKpWanZw kzmwi{Xn`mtKm¯ta
ZznLv\w \oNKtX f À[a]yY Zfw autVy knXmÀ¡o hn\m.
 [520]

AwiIZi ImWp¶ hn[w

en]vXoIrXy `tPXv {Klw JL\ss\kvXÑnjvSambpjvIem.....
ktXymZntX Awimbpjn þ kXymNmcy³ ]dª AwiIZibnÂ
{Klw þ {Klkv^pSs¯.
en]vXoIrXy þ IeIfm¡n.
`tPXv JL\ss\.
J L \ ss\
2 4 0 0 = 2400þsImplcn¨mÂ
XXv injvSambpjvIem þ In«p¶. injvSw (lcW^eaÃ, _m¡n hcp¶
kwJy) IeIfnepÅ BbpÊmIp¶p

BimJmizn (BImimizn) lrXm_vZamkZnhkmx ktXymZnXw

Awimbpj nþ ta¸dª IeIfnepÅ BbpÊns\ 200 sImp lcn¨m hÀjhpw
_m¡n sb 12 sImp KpWn¨v 200 sImp lcn¨m amkhpw
AXn _m¡n h¶Xns\ 30 sImp KpWn¨v 200sImp lcn¨m Znhkhpw
In«pw.
(C§s\ FÃm {Kl§fptSbpw BbpÀhÀjw ImWWw.)

tlmcbnse {Kl`pà\hmwicminXpeyw.... F¶ hmIya\pkcn¨v

AwiIZibn Hmtcm {Klhpw \ÂIp¶ BbÊv B {Klw `pPn¨ (]n¶n«)
\hmwiI¯n\p XpeyamWv. Hcp \hmwi¯n\v Hcp hÀjw F¶XmWv
IW¡v.
Hcp \hmwiw -= 3--þ20 = 200. 200 (\hmwiw) sImpw 12
(cminN{Iw) sImpapÅ cp lcW§sf tNÀ¯mWv ^eZ]nIbn 2400þsIm-
p lcn¡Wsa¶p ]dªncn¡p¶Xv. {Klkv^pS¯n F{X \hmwi§fpv
F¶dnbm\mWv 200 sImp lcn¡p¶Xv.

Hcp \hmwiaÞes¯ AYhm AwiIN{Is¯bmWv 12 kqNn¸n

¡p¶Xv. H¶ne[nIapÅ aÞe§sf IeIfnepÅ {Kl kv^pS¯nÂ\n¶pw
\o¡m\mWv CXv. AXnsâ Xm¸cyanXmWv. 200 IeIÄ hoXapÅ 12
AwiI§Ä tNcpt¼mÄ Hcp aÞeamIpw. (3þ20 $ 12 = 40 `mK). 360
`mKbpÅ cminN{Is¯ H¼Xp `mKam¡p t¼mÄ 40 `mKbmWtÃm
In«pI. AXmbXv, cminN{Is¯ H¼Xnsem¶m¡nbm \hmwiaÞew.
\hmwi aÞes¯ H¼Xnsem¶m¡nbm \hmwiw.
 [521]

{Klkv^pSs¯ IeIfm¡n, IeIsf 200 sImp lcn¨v, 12þ-sâ

KpWnX§Ä \o¡w sNbvXmÂ, Asæn 2400þsImp lcn¨mÂ, In«p¶
injvSw Ie IfnepÅ BbpÊmWv. CXns\ Hcp \hmwi¯n\v Hcp hÀjw F¶
IW¡n hÀjþamkþ Znhk§fm¡Ww.

AwiIZi : KWnXw
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse kqcykv^pSw: = 1þ25þ31
{Klkv^pSs¯ (1 cmin 25 `mK 31 Iesb) IeIfm¡pI
1 x 30 = 30 + 25 = 55 x 60 = 3300 + 31 = 3331 Ie
AXnse 2400þIÄ FÃmw \o¡w sNbvXv injvSw ImWpI
3331þs\ 2400 sImp lcn¡pt¼mÄ 1 (2400) In«pw. CXns\
Dt]£n¨v injvSwsImv {Inb XpScWw.injvSw (3331 þþ 2400 ) =
931 Ie
injvSw h¶ 931 Iesb Hcp \hmwi¯n\v Hcp hÀjw F¶ IW¡n hÀjam¡Ww
Hcp \hmwiw 3 `mK 20 Ie = 200 Ie
931 / 200 = 4.655 = 4
hÀjw
_m¡n .655 s\ 12 sImp s]cp¡n amk§fm¡Ww
(655 / 1000) 12 = 7.86 = 7 amkw
_m¡n . 86 s\ 30 sImp s]cp¡n Znhk§fm¡Ww
(86 / 100) $ 30 = 25.8 = 26 Znhkw
(.8 s\ 24 sImp s]cp¡n aWn¡qtdm, 60 sImp s]cp¡n \mgnIItfm B¡mw.
ChnsS .5 t\¡mÄ IqSpXembXn\m 1 Bbn FSp¯p.)

h{I¯nepw D¨¯nepw aäpw \n¡p¶ {Kl§fpsS

ZimhÀj¯n hcp¶ hÀ²\

h{InWyp¨KtX {XnkwKpWanZw kzmwi{Xn`mtKm¯ta ZznLv\w ....

h{InWyp¨KtX...... þ
h{I¯ntem D¨¯ntem DÅ {Kl§fpsS BbpÀhÀjs¯.
{XnkwKpWanZw þ
 [522]

aq¶psImp s]cp¡Ww. (aq¶nc«nbm¡Ww)

kzmwi{Xn`mtKm¯ssax ZznLv\w þ
kz´w \hmwiw, kz´w t{Z¡mWw, hÀt¤m¯aw Chbn \n¡p¶
{Kl§fpsS BbpÀhÀjs¯ cpsImp s]cp¡Ww. (Cc«nbm¡Ww).

ZimhÀj hÀ²\þþ
1. D¨w, h{Iw 3 (+)
2. kzt£{Xw, kzt{Z¡mWw,
kz\hmwiw, hÀt¤m¯a\hmwiw $ 2 (+)

\oNauVylcWw
\oNKtX fÀ[a]yY Zfw autVy knXmÀ¡o hn\m.\oNKtXx AÀ².... \oNKtX
AÀ[þ \oN¯nepÅ {Kl¯nsâ ]IpXn Ipdbv¡Ww.
Zfw autVy knX AÀ¡o hn\m. þ ip{I³, i\n Chsbmgn¨pÅ {Kl§Ä¡v
auVy¯n ]IpXn Ipdbv¡Ww.
\oN¯nepw auVy¯nepw \n¡p¶ {Kl§fpsS ZimhÀj¯nÂ
hcp¶ Ipdhvþþ
\oNw, auVyw (ip, a HgnsI) þ 1/2 (-- þþ)

(19)
kÀhmÀ²{XnIrtXjp(1)j×nXeh{lmtkm fkXmapXv{IamXv
cnx^mXv kXvkp Zfw XZm lcXn _teytIm _lptjzIt`
{Xywtim\w cn]pt` hn\m £nXnkpXw ktXym]tZti Zimþ
eákymwikam _en\ypZbt` f kym{Xm]n Xpeym]n N..
(1) ]mTt`Zw: civanXehm{²mtkm

ZriymÀ²lcWw.
cn^mXv þ 12 apXemb `mh§fn \n¡p¶
AkXm þ ]m]{Kl§fpsS AwiIZibn \n¶p
DXv{IamXv þ {Ia¯nÂ
kÀhmÀ²{XnIrtXjpj×nXeh{lmtkm þ apgph³, ]IpXn, 1/3, 1/4, 1/5,
1/6 F¶ {Ia¯n BbpÊp Ipdbv¡Ww.
 [523]

kXvkp Zfw.... þ Cu `mh§fn \n¡p¶Xp ip`{Kl§fmsW¦n Cu ]

dªXnsâ ]IpXnhoXw Ipd¨m aXn
_lpjp GIt` þ Hcp cminbn ]e {Kl§fps¦n IqSpX _eapÅ Hcp
{Kl¯nsâ hÀj¯n am{Xta Ipdhp
sNt¿XpÅq.

cnx^w apX¡pÅ `mh§fn (ZriymÀ²¯nÂ) ]m]·mÀ \n¶mÂ

BbpÀhÀj¯n hcp¶ Ipdhv
`mhw 12 11 10 9 8 7
Ipdbvt¡Xv apgph³ 1/2 1/3 1/4 1/5 1/6
ZriymÀ²¯n ip`·mÀ \n¶m ]m]·mÀ¡p ]dªXn ]IpXn
Ipdbv¡Ww
`mhw 12 11 10 9 8 7
Ipdhv 1/2 1/4 1/6 1/8 1/10 1/12

Hcp cminbn H¶ne[nIw {Kl§Ä¡p ZriymÀ²lcWw hcp¶psh¦nÂ

IqSpXÂ hcp¶Xv (lcWw A[nIapÅ Hcp {Kl¯nsâ BbpÊnÂ) am{Xta
Ipdhp hcpt¯XpÅp

i{Xpt£{XlcWw
{Xywtim\w cn]pt` hn\m £nXnkpXw IpP³ HgnsIbpÅ {Kl§Ä i{Xpt£
{X¯n \n¶m 1/3 Ipdbv¡Ww.

AwiIZibnse sam¯w Iq«epw Ipdbv¡epw:

1. hÀ²\IÄ: D¨w, h{Iw, kzt£{Xw, kzt{Z¡mWw,
kz\hmwiw, hÀt¤m¯a\hmwiw
2. lcW§Ä: \oNlcWw, auVylcWw, ZriymÀ²lcWw
i{Xpt£{XlcWw

Iq«epw Ipdbv¡epw þ GXv BZyw thWw?

Cc«n¡epIÄ BZyw sN¿tWm, lcW§Ä BZyw sN¿tWm Fs¶mcp
kwibw hcmw. lcW§Ä Ign¨p _m¡nbpÅXns\ Cc«n ¡pIbmWv thXv.
AXmbXv, ZimhÀjw Iv, \mep lcW§fpw sNbvXn«p thWw
h{InWyp¨ KtX....bn ]dbp¶ hÀ²\IÄ sN¿phm³.

eámbpÊv (AwiIZibnse eáZi)

 [524]

eákymwikamx þ eá¯n sN¶ \hmwi¯n\v XpeyamWv

eámbpÊv,
_en\n DZbt`... þ eá¯n\mWv A[nIw _esa¦nÂ, F{X
cminbmtWm IgnªXv, A{Xbpw hÀjamWv eámbpÊv.
(Hcp \hmwiw Hcp hÀjw / Hcp cmin Hcp hÀjw)

1.eácminsb¡mÄ _ew eácmiywiI¯n\msW¦nÂAwiI¯n\p

Xpeyambncn¡pw BbpÊv. AYhm eá¯nsâ \hmwiIm[n]\v eám[n]t\
¡mÄ _ew IqSppsa¦n eá kv^pS¯n se cmin Ifªv _m¡nsb IeIfm¡n 200
sImp lcn¡Ww. BZyw In«p¶Xp hÀjw. _m¡nsb 12þepw 30þepw
s]cp¡n 200þsImp lcn¨p amkhpw Znhkhpw ImWWw.

2.AwiI¯nt\¡mÄ A[nIw _ew eá¯n\msW¦n cmin¡p XpeyamWv

BbpÊv. AYhm eá\hmwiIm[n]t\¡mÄ eám[n]\p _ew IqSpsa¦nÂ
eákv^pSs¯ cminbS¡w IeIfm¡n (200 $ 9) 1800 sImp lcn¡Ww.
lcW^ew hÀjw. tijn¨Xns\ amkhpw Znhkhp am¡Ww.k]vX{Kl§
fptSbpw eá¯nsâbpw ZiIÄ Hcpan¨p Iq«nbXmWv AwiI Zibnse ]
cambpÊv.

(20)
ktXym]tZix {]htcm f {X In´p
IpÀh´ytbmKyw _lphÀ¤Wm`nx
BNmcyIw Xz{X _lpLv\Xmbmþ
taI´p bZv`qcn XtZh Imcyw.

ktXym]tZix þ
kXymNmcycpsS D]tZiw (aäpÅhcptSXt]£n¨v)
{]hcx A{X þ {]hcamWv, t{ijvTamWv.
In´p þ F¶mÂ.
IpÀh´n AtbmKyw _lphÀ¤Wm`nx þ (F¶m NneÀ) _lphÀ¤Ww
(series of multiplications) sImv CXns\ AtbmKyam¡p¶p.

BNmcyIw Xp A{X þ ktXym]tZiw A\pkcn¨v .

_lpLv\XmbmwGI´p bZv`qcn XXv Gh Imcyw þ ]e Iq«epIÄ
hcp¶psh¦n AXn Gähpw A[nIapÅXpam{Xw FSp¯m aXn.
 [525]

Cu tÇmIw tlmcmimkv{Xw GgmwA²ymb¯n \n¶papÅXmWv. (7-

þ-12) AhnsS ]nÞZi (D¨\oNZi), PohiÀ½Zi, AwiIZi F¶o aq¶v
BbpÀ±mbZiIfpw hnhcn¨Xn\p tijamWv Cu tÇmIw hcp¶Xv. aäp cp
ZiIsf At]£n¨v AwiIZibmWv IqSpXÂ IrXyambn ImWp¶Xv. F¦nepw
NneÀ KWnXw sXämbn sNbvXv AXnsâ KpWw Ifbp¶Xn\mÂ
icnbmb coXn hyàam¡pIbmWv ChnsS.

BbpÀ±mbKWnX¯n kXymNmcysâ Cu AwiIZi Xs¶

bmWv t{ijvTambn«pÅXv. ]t£, A\mhiyamb s]cp¡ epIÄsImv NneÀ
AXnsâ KpWw Ifbp¶p. AXmbXv, Hcp {Klw \n¡p¶Xv Htc kabw
AXnsâ kzt£{X¯nepw D¨¯nepw h{I¯nepw BsW¦n BbpÀ±mbw
BZyw Cc«n¡pI, ]ns¶ aq¶nc«n B¡pI, F¶n§s\ ]e {InbIÄ sN¿p¶p.
A§ns\ ]mSnÃ. aq¶nc«nbm¡pI F¶ Hä {Inb sNbvXm aXn
(IqSpXÂ KpWn¡epIÄ hcpt¼mÄ Gähpw A[nIapÅ Hcp KpW\w
am{Xw aXn F¶À°w.) Ipdbv¡ensâ Imcy¯nepw Cu coXnX¶bmWv
thXv. DZmlcW¯n\v, i{Xpt£{X ØnXnbpw auVyhpw H¯p
hcp¶psh¦n auVy¯nsâXp am{Xw, AXmbXv ]IpXn am{Xw,
Ipd¨m aXn.

]nÞZi (D¨\oNZi)
(21)
t[bw iqc itI {inbw kvab ]tc \n{Zmx kam `mkvIcmXv
]nÞmJymbpjn ]qÀhh¨ lcWw kÀhw hnZ[ymZnl
etá ]m]n\n `w hnt\mZbesshÀ\nÀ²m \XmMvssKx lrXw (1)
XymPyw kuay\nco£ntXÀf²arWa{Xmbpjy`nÚm hnZpx.
(1) ]mTt`Zw þ hnt\mZbesshÀhnLv\w \XmwtK lrXw.

]nÞZimhÀj§Ä
t[bw....]nÞmJymbpjnþ kqcy³ XpS§nbhcpsS ]nÞmbpÀ±mbw:
t[bw iqc itI {inbw kvab ]tc \n{Zmx kam `mkvIcmXv
c N Ip _p Kp ip a þ F¶ {Ia¯nÂ
91 52 51 21 51 12 02
 [526]

19 25 15 12 15 21 20 þ F¶n-§s\ 127
hÀj§Ä kqcymZn {Kl§Ä \ÂIp¶, A\p{Iaambn«pÅ, ]nÞmbp
hÀj§fmWv.

{Klw D¨w hÀjw \oNw hÀjw

chn taSw þ 10 19 Xpemw þ10 9 1/2
Nµ³ CShw þ 3 25 hrÝnIwþ 3 12 1/2
IpP³ aIcw þ 28 15 IÀ¡Siwþ 28 7 1/2
_p[³ I¶n þ 15 12 ao\wþ 15 6
Kpcp IÀ¡Sw þ 5 15 aIcwþþ5 7 1/2
ip{I³ ao\w 27 21 I¶n 27 10 1/ 2
aµ³ Xpemw 20 20 taSw 20 10

lcW§Ä
]qÀhhXv N lcWw kÀhw hnZ[ymZnlþ t\cs¯ AwiImbpÀ±mb¯n\p ]dª
FÃm lcW§fpw ]nÞmbpÀ±mb¯nepw sN¿Ww. {Kl§Ä AXyp¨¯nÂ
(kqcy³ taSw 10T XpS§nbh) \n¶memWp taÂ{]dª ZimhÀj§Ä
e`n¡pI. CXnÂ\n¶p hyXykvXambn \oNØnXn, i{Xp t£{XØnXn,
auVyw, ZriymÀ²ØnXn, eá¯n ]m]ØnXn F¶o A©p kµÀ`§fnÂ
ZimhÀj§fn amäw hcpw. Chbn \mep lcW§Ä þþ \oNlcWw,
auVy lcWw, ZriymÀ²lcWw, i{Xpt£{XlcWw F¶nh þþ
AwimbpÀ±mb¯n\p ]dªXpt]mse¯s¶sN¿Ww. A©mat¯Xmb
{IqtcmZblcWw C\n ]dbp¶p.

{IqtcmZblcWw
etá ]m]n\n `w... þ
eá¯n ]m]{Kl§Ä (c, Ip, a) \n¡p¶ps¦nÂþþ
eákv^pS¯nse cminsb \o¡n `mKIeIsf IeIfm¡pI. AXpsImv Hmtcm
{Klhpw \ÂIp¶ BbpÀ±mbhÀjs¯ s]cp¡pI. AXns\ (A§ns\ In«p¶ ^es¯)
\XmwtK lrXw þ \ X K þ 063 þ 360T sImv AYhm 360w x 60’=
21600’ sImp) lcn¡pI. lcW^ew eá¯n \n¡p¶ ]m]{Kl¯nsâ
 [527]

(IeIfnepÅ) lcWamWv. CXns\ Htcm {Klhpw \ÂIp¶ BbpÊn \n¶pw

Ipd¨m IrXyamb ZimhÀjw (ip²mbpÊv) In«pw.
kuay\nco£ntXm...þ eá¯n\p ip`ZrjvSnbps¦n ]IpXn
Ipd¨m aXn.

(22)
eáZimawikamw _ehXywti hZ´n ss]ÞymtJy
_ebpàw bZn eáw cminkssahm{X (1) \mwtim°m.
(1) ]mTt`Zw : Ztimàm.

eáZi
eáZim ss]ÞmtJy þ ]nÞmbpÀ±mb¯nse eáZi
_ehXn Awti Awikamwþ eá¯nsâ AwiIw (eá\hmwiw) _et¯mSp
IqSnbXmsW¦n AwiI¯n\p kam\amb hÀjw.
_ebpàw bZn eáw cminkaw þ eáw _et¯mSp IqSnbXmsW¦nÂ
cmin¡p Xpeyamb hÀjw.

eá¯nsâ \hmwiIm[n]\v eám[n]t\¡mÄ _ew IqSppsa¦n eákv^p S¯nse

cmin Ifªv _m¡nsb IeIfm¡n 200 sImp lcn¡Ww. BZyw In«p¶Xp hÀjw.
_m¡nsb 12þepw 30þepw s]cp¡n 200þsImp lcn¨p amkhpw Znhkhpw
ImWWw. eám[n]\p eá\hmwiIm[n]t\¡mÄ _ew IqSpsa¦nv eá
kv^pSs¯ cminsb AS¡w IeIfm¡n 200 x 9 = 1800 lcn¡Ww. lcW^ew
hÀjw. tijn¨Xns\ amkhpw Znhkhpam¡Ww. cmiym[n]\pw \hmwi
Im[n]\pw _ew Xpeyambn h¶m cmaXp ]dª hn[w.)

(23)
lcWw \otNÀf²arWw kymXv
k¼qÀ® t{]màhÀjap¨Krtl
ss]ÞymZu Zzy´ctK
{]mssÚkvss{XcminIw Nn´yw.

\oNlcWw hyàam¡p¶p
lcWw \otN AÀ²w... {Kl§Ä D¨¯nemsW¦nemWv ta¸dª hÀj§Ä In«pI.
{Kl§Ä \oN¯nemsW¦n CXn ]IpXn Ipdbpw. D¨¯n\pw \oN ¯n\pw
 [528]

CSbnepw \oN¯n\pw D¨¯n\pw CSbnepapÅ ØnXn¡v BbpÀhÀjw

ImWm³ ss{XcminIw sN¿Ww .

(24)
ss]ÞymJyambpÀ{_phtX {][m\w
aWn°NmWIyabmZbÝ
GX¶ km[znXyhZZv`Zt´m (1)
hcmlkqcyky XtZh hmIyw.
]mTt`Zw: almt´m þ alm·mÀ

A`n{]mbw
ss]ÞymJyw Bbpx {_phtX {][m\w þ ]nÞmbpÀ±mbw (D¨\oNZi)
D¯aamsWam¶mWv aWnÙ³, NmWIy³, ab³ F¶o BNmcy·mcpsS
A`n{]mbw.
GXXv \ km[p CXn AhZXv `Zt´m þ F¶m Cu Zimk{¼Zmbw
IpäaäXÃ F¶p `Z´³ ]dªn«pv
hcmlkqcyky XtZh hmIyw þ hcmlanlncsâ A`n{]mbhpw
CXpXs¶bmbncp¶p .(`Z´³ þ _u²k\ymkn / kXymNmcy³).

PohiÀ½Zi
(25)
kqcymZnIm\mw kzatX\ Pohþ
iÀ½m kzcmwiw ]cambptjm f {X
Akym]n kÀhw lcWw hnt[bw
]qÀthmàhÃáZima]ol.

kzatX\ PohiÀ½m þ PohiÀ½ F¶ BNmcysâ A`n{]mb¯nÂ

kqcymZnIm\mw þ kqcy³ XpS§nb k]vX{Kl§fpsS
Bbp˱mbw
kzcmwiw ]cambpj A{X þ ]cambpÊns\ Ggmbn`mKn¨XmWv.
Akym]n kÀhw lcWw hnt[bwþ CXpw t\cs¯ ]dªþþ ]nÞZibv¡p ]dªþþ
FÃm lcW§Ä¡pw hnt[bamWv.
 [529]

]qÀthmàhÃáZima]olþ eáZibpw t\ct¯ ]dªXpt]mse þþ ]nÞZibv¡p ]

dªXpt]mse¯s¶.

Cu ZimcoXnbnÂ, \nkÀ¤ZibnteXpt]mse, ]cambpÊv 120

hÀjw 5 ZnhkamWv. CXns\ Ggmbn `mKn¨Xv þþ 17 hÀjw 1 amkw
22 Znhkw þþ BWv Hmtcm {Kl¯nâbpw Zi. 17 hÀjw 1 amkw 22
Znhkw 8 \mgnI -34 hn\mgnI $ 7 = 120-þ5 ]nÞZibv¡p ]dª FÃm
lcW§fpw CXn\pw thWw.eáZi bpw CXpt]mse¯s¶.

]pcpjmbpÊv F{X?
(26)
\rWmw ZzmZihÕcm ZilXm Bbpx {]amWw ]sscþ
cmJymXw ]caw iss\kv{Xn`KtWm bmhÖss\cocnXw
tINn¨{µkl{kZÀi\anl t{]màw Ieu In´p bþ
tZzmtZmàw icZÈXw ln ]cambpÀ±mbamN£vatl.

\rWmw ZzmZihÕcm ZilXm Bbpx {]amWw þ Nne hnZzm·mcpsS

A`n{]mb¯n a\pjycpsS BbpÊv \qäncp]Xv hÀjamWv
]ssc BJymXw ]caw iss\x {Xn`KtWm bmhXv Pss\x CucnXw þ F¶mÂ
aäp NnecpsS A`n{]mb¯n i\nbpsS aq¶p `KWImew
( 30 x 3) BWv ]cambpÊv.
tINnXv N{µkl{kZÀi\anl t{]màw þ Bbncw ]qÀ®N{µs\
ImWp¶XmWv ]qÀ®mbpÊv F¶pw ]£apv.
Ieu In´p bXv thtZmàw icZÈXw ln ]cambpÀ±mbamN£vatl þ F¶mÂ
thZw ]dbp¶Xv IenbpK¯n a\pjymbpÊv \qdp hÀjw BsW¶mWv.
\½fpw AXnt\mSp tbmPn¡p¶p.

Zim{Iaw

(27)
eámZntXyµpIm\ma[nI_ehXx
kym±imZu XtXm f \ym
XXvtI{µmZnØnXm\manl _lpjp ]p\Àþ
hocytXm hocykmtay
_lzmbpÀhÀjZmXpx {]Yaan\himþ
 [530]

t¨mZnXkym_vZkmtay
hocyw InwXz{X kÔnÀ{KlhnhclXw
`mhkÔy´cm]vXw.

eá BZnXy Cµp`m\mw A[nI_ehXx kymXv ZimZu þ eáw, BZnXy³,

N{µ³ Chcn A[nIw _eapÅ {Kl¯nsâ ZibmWv BZyw hcpI.
XXx A\ym XXv tI{µmZn ØnXm\mw Clþ cmaXmbn tI{µ¯n \n¡p¶
{Kl¯nsâ Zi hcpw
_lpjp ]p\x hocytXm þ tI{µ¯n A[nIw {Kl§Ä Ds¦n AhcnÂ
_etadnbhsâ Zi FSp¡Ww.
hocykmtay _lzmbpx hÀjZmXpxþ _ewsImp XpeymhØtbmSp IqSnb
{Kl§Ä tI{µ¯n Dmbm A[nIw BbpÀhÀjw Xcp¶ {Kl¯nsâ Zi
FSp¡Ww.
{]Yaw C\hti\ DZnX kymXv…BbpÀhÀj¯nepw {Kl§Ä¡p kmayw
h¶m kqcy_Ô¯nÂ\n¶pw BZyw ]pd¯p hcp¶ {Kl¯nsâ Zi BZyw
hcpw.
hocyw Inw Xp A{X.... þ C\n AYhm hocyw, ZimhÀjw,
kqcytbmK¯n\p tijw BZyw DZn¡pI F¶nhsbÃm¯nepw
H¯phcnIbmsW¦n ASp¯ Øm\¯pÅ {Kls¯s¡mp Nn´n¡Ww.

Cu ZiIÄ Nn´nt¡sXt¸mÄ

(28)
AwtimÛhw eá_emXv{]km[yþ
ambpÝ ]ntÞmÛhaÀ¡hocymXv
ss\kÀ¤nIw N{µ_emXv {]km[yw
{_qbmXv {XbmWma]n hocykmtay.
(29)
tXjmw {XbmWmanl kwbpXnkvXp
{Xn`nÀlrXm sskh Zim {]IÂ]ym
hocyw ZztbmsscIyZfw Xtbmx kymXv
tNÖohiÀambpcao _tem\mx.

1. eá¯n\mWv _ew IqSpXse¦n AwimbpÊpw

 [531]

2. kqcy\mWp _esa¦n ]nÞmbpÊpw

3. N{µ\mWp _esa¦n \nkÀ¤mbpÊpw FSp¡Ww.
4. ap³]dª aq¶nepw _ekmayw hcpIbmsW¦nÂ,
aq¶phn[ BbpÊpw Hcpan¨pIq«n aq¶psImp lcn¡Ww.
5 cs®¯n\p Xpey_ew hcnIbmsW¦n cpw X½n Iq«n cpsImp
lcn¡pI.
6 aq¶n\pw _eansænÂ, PohiÀ½obcoXn A\pkcn¨p
Zi ImWpI.

(30)
ImeN{IZim tÚbm N{µmwtiti _em\zntX
kZm \£{XamÀt¤W Zim _ehXo kvarXm.

N{µmwtiti _em\zntX ImeN{IZim tÚbm þ

N{µsâ \hmwi¯nsâ \mY\v _eaps¦n ImeN{IZi A\pkcn¨p ^ew
AdnbWw.
\£{XamÀt¤W Zim kZm _ehXo kvarXmþþ \£{XZi (hnwtim ¯cn) þþ
Ft¸mgpw, FÃm kµÀ`§fnepw,^ew ImWn¡p¶XmWv.

(31)
kamx jjvSnÀZznLv\m a\pPIcnWmw ]©ô N \nim
lbm\mw Zzm{XnwiXv JcIc`tbmx ]©IIrXnx
hncq]m km XzmbpÀhrjalnjtbmÀZzmZi iq\mw
kvarXw OmKmZo\mw ZiIklnXmx jSv N ]caw.

]cambpÊv
jjvTnÀZznLv\m a\pPIcnWmw...
a\pjyÀ¡pw B\IÄ¡pw \qänbncp]XphÀjw 5 Znhkw
lbm\mw Zzm{XnwiXvþ
IpXncbv¡v ap¸¯ncp hÀjw
JcIc`tbmx ]©IIrXnx þ
H«I¯n\pw IgpXbv¡pw Ccp]¯nb©p hÀjw
hncq]mkm]ymbpxhrjalnjtbmþ
Imfbv¡pw t]m¯n\pw Ccp]¯n\mep hÀjw
ZzmZi iq\mwþ \mbbv¡p ]{´p hÀjw
 [532]

OmKmZo\mw ZiIklnXmx jSv þ BSn\p ]Xn\mdp hÀjw

(Cu tÇmIw tlmcmimkv{X¯n --\n¶papÅXmWv. (7þ5) )

]cambpx
Pohn hÀjw
a\pjy³, B\ 120
IpXnc 32
H«Iw, IgpX 25
Imf, t]m¯v 24
\mb 12
BSv 16

(32)
tb [À½IÀ½\ncXm hnPntX{µnbmÝ
tb ]°yt`mP\cXm ZznPtZh`àmx
tb am\hm Z[Xn tb Ipeioekoamw
tXjmanZw IYnXambpcpZmc[o`nx.

]cambpÊv BÀ¡p In«pw ?

1.tb [À½IÀ½\ncXm þ [À½IÀ½§fn \ncXcmbn,
2.hnPntX{µnbmÝ - þ hnPntX{µnbcpambn
3.tb ]°yt`mP\cXm þ ]°y t`mP\¯n cXcmbn
4.ZznPtZh`àmx tb am\hm Z[Xnþ {_mÒWtZh`àcmbn
5.tb Ipeioekoamw þ Ipeioe§Ä A\pkcn¨v Ignbp¶thm
tXjmanZw þ B a\pjyÀ¡mWv Cu BbpÊv ]dbp¶Xv.
CXpw tlmcbnepÅ tÇmIamWv. PmXI]mcnPmXhpw CXv
D²cn¡p¶pv.

C¶s¯ `mcXob ^etPymXnj¯nsâ ASnØm\ {KÙsa¶dn bs¸Sp¶

tlmcmimkv{Xw AYhm _rlÖmXIw hnhcn¡p¶Xv D¨\oNZi, Poh
iÀ½Zi, AwiIZi F¶o aq¶p Zimk{¼Zmb§Ä am{XamWv. Ah
BbpÀ\nÀ®b¯n\p am{Xaà s]mXphmb ^e{]hN\ ¯n\pw
D]tbmKn¡m³ th amÀ¤\nÀt±i§fpw AhnsS \Âip ¶pv. F¶mÂ
 [533]

GItZiw \m\qdp hÀj§Ä¡ptijw kamlcn¡s¸« ]cmictlmcbn 28

ZiIsf¸än ]dbp¶pv. Chbn hnwtim¯cn bv¡p sX¡pw AjvtSm¯cnbv¡p
hS¡pw C¶p IqSpX -- {]Nmcapv. BbpÀ\nÀ®b ¯n\pw
km[mcWKXnbn C¶v Chsb¯s¶ B{ibn¡p¶p.

A²mbw 23 þ AjvSIhÀ¤w
hnjbhnhcw
1.AjvSIhÀ¤KWnX¯n\v Hcp DZmlcWPmXIw
2.IS-]-bmZn A£-c-kwJy 3. `n¶mjvShÀ¤w
4 kqcymjvShÀ¤w 5.N{µmjvShÀ¤w 6.IpPmjvShÀ¤w
7 _p[mjvShÀ¤w 8 hymgmjvShÀ¤w 9 ip{ImjvShÀ¤w
10 i\n AjvShÀ¤w 11.AjvShÀ¤a\pkcn¨v {Kl§fpsS
CjvScminIfpw A\njvScminIfpw 12. AjvShÀ¤ ^ew
13 D¯aw,a²yaw, A[aw 14 ^ew ]dtb coXn
15.{]kvXmcmjvSIhÀ¤w 16 {Kl§Ä AjvShÀ¤{]Imcw
ip`^ew \ÂIp¶sXt¸mÄ?
17 ]m]{Kl§fpsS KpWtZmj^e§Ä

KWnX¯n\v DzmlcWPmXIw
മീനം മേടം ഇടവം മിഥുനം
e Ipip cN_p ak
കുംഭം കർക്കിടകം
മാ ….

മകരംþ ചിങ്ങം
 [534]

…. Kp
ധനു വൃശ്ചികം തുലാം കന്നി
in …. …. ….

Cu A²ymb¯nepw A¡§Ä¡p]Icw A£ckwJyIfmWv

D]tbmKn¨n«pÅX.v AXv A\p_Ô¯n sImSp¯n«pv

`n¶mjvShÀ¤w
F«nsâ hÀ¤amWv AjvShÀ¤w. k]vX{Kl§fpw eáhpw tNÀ¶XmWv
Cu F«v. (kqcy³, N{µ³, IpP³, _p[³, Kpcp, ip{I³, i\n, eáw.) k]vX
{Kl§Ä¡p am{Xta AjvShÀ¤appÅq. eá¯ns\ IW¡n\p ]cnKWn¡p ¶ps-
¦nepw {KlaÃm¯Xn\mÂ, AjvShÀ¤anÃ. (Ds¶ A`n{]mb apÅhcpw D-
v. sImSp§ÃpÀ]Xn¸n eámjvShÀ¤apv.). PmXI¯nse ØnXn sh¨v,
Ggp {Kl§Ä¡pw X§fnÂ\n¶pw aäp {Kl§fnÂ\n¶pw eá¯nvÂ\n¶pambn
In«p¶ _e¯ntâXmb _nµp ¡fmWv AjvS hÀ¤ _nµp¡Ä.
DZmlcW¯nv\v kqcy\v Xm³ \n ¡p¶ cmin bpsS 1, 2, 4, 7, 8, 9, 10,
11 Øm\§fn Hmtcm _nµphoXw BsI 8 _nµp¡Ä In«p¶pv. CXp
t]mse aäp {Kl§fpw kqcy\p _nµp¡Ä \ÂIp¶pv. AXp {]Imcw BsI
kqcymjvShÀ¤w 48 BIpw.
(1)
tKmNc{Klhim·\pPm\mw
bÑp`mip`^em`yp]e_vss[y
AjvShÀKanXn b·lZpàw
XXv{]km[\anlm`nhtZ flw.

tKmNc{KlhimXv a\pPm\mwþ
tKmNc¯nÂ,NmchimÂ, a\pjyÀ¡p, ({Kl§fmÂ)
bXv ip` Aip` ^ew D]e_vss[y þ
Fs´Ãmw ip`mip`^e§fpmIpsa¶dnbp¶Xn\v,
AjvShÀKanXn bXv alZpàwþ
alm·mcm ]dbs¸« AjvShÀ¤w F¶ k{¼Zmbw GXmtWm
XXv {]km[\w Cl A`nhtZ Alwþ
AXnsâ {]km[\w Rm³ ChnsS \nÀhln¡p¶p.

(2)
 [535]

BenJy kayKv`phn cminN{Iw

{KlØnXnw XÖ\\{]hr¯mw
X¯Zv {KlÀ£mXv {Iatim f jvShÀ¤w
t{]màw ItcmXy£hn[m\a{X.

BenJy kayIv `phn cminN{Iw þ \ne¯p cminN{Iw hc¨v

{KlØnXnw XXv P\\{]hr¯mw
(AXnÂ) P\\kabs¯ {KlØnXn FgpXn
X¯Xv {KlÀ£mXv {Iatim AjvShÀ¤w
t{]màw ItcmXn A£hn[m\w A{X..... þAXmXp {Kl§fpsS
cminIfnÂ\n¶pw {Ia¯n A£§Ä (_nµp¡Ä, ]cepIÄ) C«v AjvShÀ¤w
ImWp¶ coXn hnhcn¡p¶p..

(3)
]p{Xohkmln[\ntI f À¡IpPmÀ¡tPt`ym
apàmftI kpcKptcmÀ`rKpPm¯Ym{iox
ÚmZvtKmaXo[\]cm chncnjvStZm f _vPmþ
áotXm¶tb]ypZb`mÃLpXm¶]mt{X.

kqcymjvShÀ¤w
AÀ¡ IpP AÀ¡tPt`ym þ (1) kqcy³, (2) IpP³, (3) i\n F¶nhcnÂ\n¶pw.
(kqcy\p In«p¶) AjvShÀ¤w
hmIyw ]p {Xo -h km ln [ \n I
A£cw ] c h k l [ \ I
_nµp¡Ä 1 2 4 7 8 9 10 11 8

N{µ\nÂ\n¶pw kqcy\p In«p¶Xv

Ko tXm ¶ tb
K X \ b
3 6 10 11 4

ÚmXv þ _p[\nÂ\n¶pw kqcy\p In«p¶Xv

tKm a Xo [ \ ] cm
K a X [ \ ] c
3 5 6 9 10 11 12 7
 [536]

kpcKptcm þ hymg¯nÂ\n¶pw kqcy\p In«p¶Xv

ap àm f tI
a X f I
5 6 9 11 4
`rKpPmXv þ ip{I\nÂ\n¶pw kqcy\p In«p¶Xv
X Ym {io
X Y c
6 7 12 3
DZb`mXv þ eáwapX kqcymjvShÀ¤w (6 _nµp¡Ä)
e Lp Xm ¶ ]m t{X.
e L X \ ] c
3 4 6 10 11 12 6

DZmlcWPmXI¯n kqcysâ AjvShÀ¤w.

ao\w taSw CShw anYp\w

5 4 3 4
Ipw`w IÀ¡SIw
6 (48) 4
aIcw Nn§w
6 2
[\p hrÝnIw Xpemw I¶n
5 2 4 3

CXp{]Imcw kqcysâ 48 _nµp¡Ä taSw 4, CShw 3, anYp\w 4....., F¶

{Ia¯n hcp¶p. AXp{]Imcw At©m AXne[nItam _nµp¡ fpÅXv [\p,
aIcw, Ipw`w, ao\w cminIfn am{XamWv. \nba{]Imcw NmchimÂ
Cu \mep cminIfn hcpt¼mgmWv kqcy³ Xsâ `mhm[n]Xyw,
ImcIXz§Ä F¶nh A\pkcn¨pÅ \à ^ew \ÂIpI. Cu PmXI¯n kqcy³
CSh¯nemWv. At¸mÄ aIcw H¼Xv. AXp{]Imcw kqcy³
aIcwcminbn hcpt¼mÄ H¼Xmw`mh¯nsâ KpW§fmb `mKyw
XpS§nbh \ÂIWw.

N{µmjvShÀ¤w
 [537]

(4)
KoXmku P\tI cthx IenXkm¶njvtI XpjmcZyptXx
`uam{OoKpWntX [\ky bpKh·mkm_vZ\ntXy _p[mXv
PohmXv IuchkÖ\ky `rKpPmZvKqVmßkn²mÚbm
aµmZvKWNtb X\oÀKXn\tb N{µx ipt`m tKmNtc.

cthx þ N{µmjvShÀ¤w kqcy\nÂ\n¶pw

Ko Xm ku P \ tI
K X k P \ I
3 6 7 8 10 11 = 6
XpjmcZyptXx N{µmjvShÀ¤w N{µ\nÂ\n¶pw
I en X km ¶n jvtI
I e X k ¶ I
1 3 6 7 10 11 = 6
`uam þ N{µmjvShÀ¤w IpP\nÂ\n¶pw
{io Kp Wn tX [ \ ky
c K W X [ \ b
2 3 5 6 9 10 11 7

_p[mXv þ N{µmjvShÀ¤w _p[\nÂ\n¶pw

bp K h ·m km _vZ \n tXy
b K h a k Z \ b
1 3 4 5 7 8 10 11 = 8

PohmXv þ N{µmjvShÀ¤w hymg¯nÂ\n¶pw

Iu c h k Ö \ ky
I c h k P \ b
1 2 4 7 8 10 11 = 7

`rKpPmXv þ N{µmjvShÀ¤w ip{I\nÂ\n¶pw

aq Vm ß kn ²m Ú bm
a V a k [ R b
3 4 5 7 9 10 11 = 7

aµmXv þ N{µmjvShÀ¤w i\nbnÂ\n¶pw

 [538]

K W N tb
K W N b
3 5 6 11 = 4

N{µmjvShÀ¤w eá¯nÂ\n¶pw
K Xn \ tb
K X \ b
3 6 10 11 = 4
N{µx ipt`m tKmNtc. þ N{µ³ tKmNc¯n ip`^ew \ÂIp¶p.

(5)
Xo£vWmwtimÀKWnXm\tI iinctKmÃmþ
£mb`qtaÊpXmbv
]p{XohmkP\mb NµcX\bmXv
tKmtaZtI Kojv]tZx

XmImcnknXm¯Zm Icpit\x
tImhmkZmt[\ptIm
eámXXv kzmXv IenXw \tbXv £nXnkpXx
t£a{]tZm tKmhtc.

IpPmjvShÀ¤w
Xo£vWmwtim þ kqcy\nÂ\n¶pw
K Wn Xm \ tI
K W X \ I
3 5 6 10 11 = 5

iin þ N{µ\nÂ\n¶pw
tKm £m b
K j b
3 6 11 = 3

`qtaÊpXmXv þ IpP\nÂ\n¶pw
]p {Xo hm k P \m b
] c h k P \ b
 [539]

1 2 4 7 8 10 11 =7

N{µX\bmXv þ _p[\nÂ\n¶pw
tKm ta Z tI
K a Z I
3 5 6 11 =4

Kojv]tZx þ KpcphnÂ\n¶pw
X ¶m Im cn
X \ I c
6 10 11 12 =4

knXmXv þ ip{I\nÂ\n¶pw
I cp i t\x
I c i \
6 8 11 12 = 4

i\nbnÂ\n¶pw
tIm hm k Zm t[ \p tIm
I h k Z [ \ I
1 4 7 8 9 10 11 =7

eámXXv kzmXv þ eá¯nÂ\n¶pw

IenXw \tbÂ
I e X \ b
1 3 6 10 11 =5

(6)
kuaymtZymKiXw [ss\x IpcpcthÀtajm[nI{ioKptcmx
tXtPm b{X bamctbmx ]pchkw ZnKvt[ \tb `mÀKhmXv
]pt{Xm KÀ`almÔtI ]c`rXmw Zm\mb eámÕp[mþ
aqÀtXx {]mhrjn Pm\Io iinkpXkvXz{X ØnXtÝÑp`x.

_p[mjvShÀ¤w
cthx þ kqcy\nÂ\n¶v
ta jm [n I {io
 [540]

a j [ I c
5 6 9 11 12 5
N{µ\nÂ\n¶v
{]mhrjn P\Io
c h j P \ I
2 4 6 8 10 11 6

ba Bctbm þ IpP\nÂ\n¶pw
]p c h k Zn Kvt[ \ tb
] c h k Z [ \ b
1 2 4 7 8 9 10 11 8,

kuaymXv þ _p[\nÂ\n¶v
tbm K i Xw [ ss\x Ip cp
b K i X [ \ I cp
1 3 5 6 9 10 11 12 =8

Kptcmx þ hymg¯nÂ\n¶v
tXtPmb{Xbamctbm
X P b c
6 8 11 12
4
`mÀKhmXv þ ip{I\nÂ\n¶v
]p t{Xm K À` a lm Ô tI
] c K ` a l [ I
1 2 3 4 5 8 9 11 8

ba Bctbm þ i\nbnÂ\n¶pw
]p c h k Zn Kvt[ \ tb
] c h k Z [ \ b
1 2 4 7 8 9 10 11 =8, 8

eámXv þ eá¯nÂ\n¶v
]c`rXmw Zm\mb
] c ` X Z \ b
1 2 4 6 8 10 11 7
 [541]

(7)
amÀ¯mÞmXv Icem`kÖ[\ntI N{µm{ZptajmfntI
`uamXv Inw{]`pkqZ\mb IchÈn£m[\mtVy _p[mXv
]p{XoKÀ`kZm\tI kpcKptcmx kzÀãvan Nt{µ it\x
{ioat´m [\nImx knXmXv Icnhntijkn²n\nXyw Xt\mx

hymgmjvShÀ¤w
amÀ¯mÞmXv þ kqcy\nÂ\n¶v
I c em ` k Ö [ \n tI
I c e ` k P [ \ I
1 2 3 4 7 8 9 10 11 =9
N{µmXv þ N{µ\nÂ\n¶v
cp ta jm fn tI
c a j f I
2 5 7 9 11 =5

`uamXv þ IpP\nÂ\n¶v
Inw {] `p kq Z \m b
I c ` k Z \ b
1 2 4 7 8 10 11 =7

_p[mXv þ _p[\nÂ\n¶v
I c- h- Èn- £m- [- \m tVy
1 2 4 5 6 9 10 11 8

kpcKptcmx þ hymg¯nÂ\n¶v
]p{XoKÀ`kZm\tI
] c K ` k Z \ I
1 2 3 4 7 8 10 11 8

knXmXv þ ip{I\nÂ\n¶v
{ioat´m [\n-ImXv
c a X [ \ I
2 5 6 9 10 11 = 6
it\x þ i\nbnÂ\n¶v
 [542]

e £va N t{µ
3 5 6 12
4
Xt\mx þ eámXv
Icnhntijkn²n\nXyw
I c h i j k [ \ X
1 2 4 5 6 7 9 10 11
9
BsI 56
(8)
PmXymw {iokvXp cthÀhnt[mx ]pcKhmatµmf]pt{X Xt\mx
]utc em`aZmfntI Ipcpehw tamtl [t\tVy `rtKmx
tem`kvXmfn]tc IpPm{ZhnkpXm KÀ`w alm_v[u \tb
Úmf£vaoNpftI KptcmÀaZ[XmtVym f ku `rKpkuJyZ.

ip{ImjvShÀ¤w
cth þ kqcy\nÂ\n¶v
Pm Xymw {iokvXp
P b X
8 11 12 3

hnt[mx þ N{µ\nÂ\n¶v
]pcKhmatµmfn]pt{X
] c K h a Z f ] c

1 2 3 4 5 8 9 11 12 9

IpP þ IpP\nÂ\n¶v
tem`Ømfn]tc
e ` Y f ] c
3 4 6 9 11 12 6

ÚmXv - -þ _p[\nÂ\n¶v
e£vao NpftI
e a N f I
 [543]

3 5 6 9 11
5

Kptcm þ KpcphnÂ\n¶v
aZ[m\mtVy
a Z [ \ b
5 8 9 10 11
5
`rtKm þ ip{I\nÂ\n¶v
Ipcpehw tamtl [t\tVy
I c e h a l [ \ V
1 2 3 4 5 8 9 10 11 =9
chnkpXmXv þ i\nbnÂ\n¶v
KÀ`w alm_v[u \tb
K ` a l [ \ b
3 4 5 8 9 10 11 7

Xt\m þ eá¯nÂ\n¶v
]utc em`aZmfntI
] c e ` a Z f I
1 2 3 4 5 8 9 11 =8

(9)
cthÀbm{XmhoYn P\b iint\m e£b it\x
KptWkvXptXym `uamXv KWnX\nItcm f ku ip`Icx
iXmImtc Pohm¯Z[\]tc ÚmZpZb`mXv
Iem`qXm\tay `rKpP NbtJ kqcyX\b.

i\n AjvShÀ¤w
cth þ kqcy\nÂ\n¶v
bm{XmhoYn P\b
b c h Y P \ b
1 2 4 7 8 10 11 7

iint\m þ N{µ\nÂ\n¶v
e£b
 [544]

e j b
3 6 11 3
it\x þ i\nbnÂ\n¶v
KptWkvXtXym
K W X b
3 5 6 11 4
`uamXv þ IpP\nÂ\n¶v
KWnX\nItcm
K W X \ I c
3 5 6 10 11 12 6

iXmImtc
i X I c
5 6 11 12 4
PohmXv þ KpcphnÂ\n¶v

X[\]tc
X Z [ \ ] c
6 8 9 10 11 12 6
ÚmXv þ _p[\nÂ\n¶v

DZb`mXv þ eá¯nÂ\n¶v
Iem`qXm\tay
I e ` X \ b
1 3 4 6 10 11 6

`rKpP þ ip{I\nÂ\n¶v
N b tJ
6 11 12 3
kqcyX\b þ i\nbpsS AjvShÀ¤w

(10)
CXn \nKZnXanjvSw t\jvSa\yZzntijmþ
Z[nI^ehn]mIw P·n\mw X{X ZZypx
D]NbKrlan{Xtkzm¨ssKx ]pjvSanjvSw
Xz]NbKrl\oNmcmXnssKÀt\jvSk¼Xv.
 [545]

AjvShÀ¤a\pkcn¨v {Kl§fpsS
CjvScminIfpw A\njvScminIfpw
CXn \nKZnXw CjvSw þ C§s\ {Kl§fpsS CjvScminIÄ (AjvShÀ¤
{]Imcw _eapÅ cminIÄ) ]dbs¸«ncn¡p¶p.
\ CjvSa\yXv þ tijn¨h (C§s\ _nµpp¡Ä CÃm¯h)
A\njvS§fpamIp¶p.
hntijmXv A[nI^ehn]mIw P·n\mw X{X ZZypx þ
AhnsS (A[nIw _nµp¡fpÅ cminIfnÂ) AXmXp {Kl§Ä
A[nIamb ^ehpw Xcp¶p..
D]NbKrl an{X tkzm¨ssKx ]pjvSanjvSwþ {Kl§fpsS Cu
CjvScminIÄ¡v D]Nbw, an{Xt£{Xw, D¨cmin XpS§nb _e§Ä
IqSnbps¦n Ah IqSpX ^ew Xcp¶p.. ^e]pjvS§fmIp¶p.
A]NbKrl\oNmcmXnssKÀt\jvSk¼Xv þF¶m AXn\p ]Icw A]Nbw,
\oNcmin, i{Xpt£{Xw F¶nhbmsW¦n ^ew AXn\\p kcn¨p Ipdbp¶p.
(11)
IrXzmjvShÀKw ZypkZmw {InbmZnþ
jzss£Àhnlot\ arXntcI_ntµmx
\mtim hytbm `oXy`bmÀ°\mcoþ
{iocmPykn²nx {Iaix ^em\n.

12. AjvShÀ¤ ^ew

IrXzmjvShÀ¤w...þ
AjvShÀ¤¯n In«nb _nµp¡Ä {]Imcw, Hmtcm {Klhpw AXmXp
cminIfn¡qSn IS¶pt]mIpt¼mÄ, DmIp¶ ^ew.
Ass£Àhnlot\ arXn -þ _nµp¡Ä H¶pwXs¶ Csæn arXn
GI_ntµmx \mtimhytbm ....
1. Hcp _nµpth DÅqsh¦n þ \miw
2. cp _nµp¡tf DÅqsh¦n þ hybw
3. aq¶p _nµp¡tf DÅqsh¦n þ `bw
4. \mep _nµp¡Ä Ds¦n þ A`bw
5. A©p _nµp¡Ä Ds¦n þ [\w
6. Bdp _nµp¡Ä Ds¦n þ kv{XokpJw
7. Ggp _nµp¡Ä Ds¦n þ sFizcyw
8. F«p _nµp¡fpw Ds¦n þ cmPykn²n
 [546]

13 D¯aw, a²yaw, A[aw

At©m AXne[nItam _nµp¡fps¦n D¯aw, \mep _nµp ¡Ä
a²yaw, \men\p Xmsg A[aw F¶ \nbaamWv CXn\SnØm\w.Cu ^e§Ä
A£cmÀ°¯n FSpt¡XnÃ. Nmchim kqcy³ X\n¡p _nµp¡Ä H¶pw
In«m¯ cminbn¡qSn IS¶p t]mIpt¼mÄ Hcmsf sImÃpsat¶m F«p
_nµp¡fpw In«nb cminbn hcpt¼mÄ cmPm hm¡psat¶m
CXn\À°anÃ. PmXImepÅ ^e§fpsS kq£vakab \nÀ®b¯n\p
Nmc^e§Ä klmbn¡p¶psh¶v FSp¯m aXn.

(12)
X¯Xv{Klm[njvTnXkÀhcmiow
XÕwÚnXw eáanXn {]IÂ]y
tX`yx ^em\yjvShn[m\n `qbmþ
kvX¯X v{KlmXv `mhhimZzZ´p.

^ew ]dtb coXn

X¯Xv{Klm[njvTnXkÀhcmiow þ{Kl§Ä \n¡p¶ cminIsf
XÕwÚnXw eáanXn {]IÂ]yþeáambn FSp¯v AhnSwapXÂ
XX v{KlmXv `mhhimXvþ B {Kl¯nsâ `mhhimepÅ
tX`yx ^em\n AjvShn[m\n þ AjvShÀ¤^ew
hZ´p. þ ]dbWw.

PmXImepÅ `mh§Ä sh¨v ^ew ]dbp¶ coXnbmWv s]mXp th bpÅXv.

Cu tÇmI¯n {Klw \n¡p¶ cminsb eá amsbSp¯v ^ew ]dtb coXn
AhXcn¸n¡p¶p. tÇmIw 14þÂ hnjbw XpScp¶pv.

(13)
X¯v{KlÀ£mwiIXpey`mwiw
ØnXzm {KlmÝmchimZnZm\ow
XssYh XÛmhkap°nXm\n
^em\n IpÀh´n ip`mip`m\n.

X¯v{KlÀ£mwiIXpey`mwiw ØnXzm {KlmÝmchimZnZm\ow.....

þ{Kl§Ä PmXI¯n ØnXn sN¿p¶ cmin\hmwi§Ä¡p Xpeyambn
 [547]

Nmchim hcpt¼mÄ AXmXp `mh§Ä¡\pkrXamb ip`tam Aip`tam

Bb ^e§Ä sN¿p¶p

. (14)
IrtX f jvShÀKw kXn ImcIÀ£mXvþ
bZv`mhapàm¦apss]Xn tJSx
XZv`mh]pjvSnw kipt`m f ipt`m hm
ItcmXy\ptà hn]coXtah.

IrtX AjvShÀKw kXn ImcIÀ£mXv bZv`mhapàm¦ apss]Xn tJSx þHcp

{Kl¯nsâ AjvShÀ¤w C«p Ignªm GXp cminbnemWv A[nIw
_nµp¡Ä h¶n«pÅsX¶p t\m¡pI. {Klw \n¡p¶ cminsb eáambn Iv, B
CjvScmin F{Xmw`mhambmWv hcp¶ sX¶pw t\m¡pI.
XZv`mh]pjvSnw kipt`m Aipt`m hm ItcmXy\ptà hn]coXtah.þHcp
{Klw (ip`\mbmepw Aip`\mbmepw) B CjvS cmibn¡qSn IS¶p
t]mIpt¼mÄ B `mh¯nsâ ^ew ]pjvSns¸Sp¯p¶p. AXpt]mse _nµp¡Ä
IpdhpÅ cminbn¡qSn IS¶p t]mIpt¼mÄ AXn\\p krXambn ^ehpw
Ipdbp¶p.

(15)
GI{X `mth _lthm bZm ln
apàm¦KmÝmchimZv{hP´n
]pjvW´n XZv`mh^em\n kayIv
XXvImcIm¯¯\p]pÀh`mtK.

_nµp_eapÅ H¶n¡qSpX {Kl§Ä Hcp `mh¯n¡qSn Htc kabw

IS¶p t]mIpIbmsW¦n AXmXp `mh¯n\p ]pjvSn A\p`hs¸Spw.

DZmlcWw (1)
PmXIm NmchimÂ
Kpcp Nn§w taSw (9)
i\n anYp\w taSw (11)
taS¯n / taS¯n\v AjvShÀ¤_eaps¦n Kpcp H¼Xmw `mh¯n sâbpw
i\n ]Xns\m¶mw `mh¯ntâbpw ip`^ew \ÂIpw.

DZmlcWw (2)
 [548]

kÀhmjvShÀ¤¯n _nµp_eapÅ taSw PmXIm ]Xns\m¶mw

`mhamsW ¶ncn¡s«. Nmchim AhnsS hcp¶ {Kl§sfÃmw
ip`^ew \ÂIpw.(^e ¯nsâ kz`mhw ImcIXzhpw B[n]Xyhpw
A\pkcn¨ncn¡pw.)

(16)
_nµu ØntX XXv^ekn²nIme
hn\nÀWbmb {]lntX f jvShÀtK
`m\yjvS[m X{X hn`Py I£ymx
{ItaW tXjmw ^eamlpct\y.

AjvShÀ¤¯n _nµp¡Ä Ds¦n ^ekn²n Imes¯ \nÀ®bn

¡p¶Xn\v B cminsb F«mbn `mKn¨p I£ym{Ia¯n\p AXnsâ ^es¯ ]
dbWw F¶mWv NnecpsS A`n{]mbw

{]kvXmcmjvSIhÀ¤w
(17)
BenJy N{Iw \h ]qÀhtcJmx
bmtaym¯cØm Zi N {XntcJmx
{]kvXmcIw jWvWhXn{]tImjvTw
]¦XyjvSIw NmjvSIhÀKPw (1) kymXv.
(1) ]mTt`Zw þ ]ÀÖ\yI©mjvSIhÀ¤Pw kymXv.

Ing¡p ]Snªmdv H¼Xp hcbpw sX¡phS¡v ]Xnaq¶p hcbpw

hc¨m 96 IÅnIÄ In«pw. CXnemWv hniZamb AjvShÀ¤w tcJs¸Sp
t¯Xv. apIfnÂ\n¶p Xmtgm«v F«p IÅnIfnembn Ggp {Kl§fpw
eáhpw. CS¯p\n¶pw het¯m«v ]{´p IÅnIfnembn ]{´p cminIÄ þþ
CXmWv Dt±in¡p¶Xv.

(18)
tlmcmiiot_m[\ip{Ikqcyþ
`uamatc{µmÀNnX`m\p]p{Xmx
bmaymZn]¦XyjvSI(1)cmin\mYmx
{ItaW XZv_nµp^e{]Zmx kypx.
]mTt`Zw þ ]ÀÖ\y
 [549]

Hcp cminsb F«m¡nbXn Htcm IÅn¡pw B[n]Xyw eáw, N{µ³, _p[³,

ip{I³, kqcy³, IpP³, Kpcp, i\n F¶nhbv¡mWp hcpI.

(19)
cmiyjvS`mK{]YamwiImte
i\nÀZznXotb Xp Kpcpx ^emb
I£ym{ItassWhanlm´y`mKþ
Imte hneáw ^eZw {]ZnjvSw.

BZys¯ IÅnbn i\n, AXn\p Xmsg Kpcp, Gähpw Xmgs¯

IÅnbn eáw Cu {Ia¯nemWv IÅnIfpsS B[n]Xyw hcpI. Hcp cminsb
F«p `mKam¡nbm Hcp `mK¯nsâ ssZÀLyw 3 `mK 45 Ie. taSw
cmin FSp¡mw. Cu \nbaamWv AjvShÀ¤¯n {Kl§sf ]ckv]cw
_Ôs¸Sp¯p¶Xpw IrXyamb ^e{]hN\¯n\p klmbn¡p¶Xpw.

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse BsI {]kvXmcmjvSIhÀ¤w.

N c _p ip Ip Kp a BsI
taSw 1 4 6 6 2 2 2 23
CShw 5 3 3 4 3 6 2 26
anYp\w 3 4 5 5 2 5 4 28
IÀ¡Sw 5 4 5 4 5 3 2 28
Nn§w 6 2 3 4 1 6 4 26
I¶n 2 3 3 4 4 5 2 23
Xpemw 4 4 5 3 4 4 3 27
hrÝnIw 5 2 2 2 2 6 2 21
[\p 5 5 5 5 2 3 4 29
aIcw 3 6 6 5 4 6 4 34
Ipw`w 6 6 5 3 4 5 4 33
ao\w 4 5 6 7 6 5 6 39
BsI 49 48 54 52 39 56 39 337

DZmlcWPmXI¯nÂ, kqcymjvShÀ¤¯nÂ, taS¯n F«p

`mK§fpÅXn 1, 2, 3, 6 `mK§fn kqcy\p _nµp¡fpv. kqcy³ taS¯nsâ
Cu `mK§fn hcpt¼mÄ kabw A\pIqeambncn¡pIbpw sN¿pw.
kqcysâ \o¡w t\m¡n IrXyw XnbXnIfpw Is¯mw.
 [550]

(20)
kÀh{KlmWmw {]lntXm f jvShÀtK
XXvImecminØnX_nµptbmtK
AjvSm£kwJym[nI_nµhtÝXv
ip`w XZqt\ hyk\w {ItaW.

kÀh{KlmWmw {]lntXm AjvShÀtK þ FÃm {Kl§Ä¡pw

(ta¸dªXpt]mse) \nÝbn¡s¸« AjvShÀ¤§fnÂ
XXvImecminØnX_nµptbmtK þ
P\\kabs¯ {Kl ØnXn A\pkcn¨pÅ _nµp¡fn«XnÂ
AjvSm£kwJym[nI_nµhtÝXv ip`w þ
AjvShÀ¤ _nµpkwJy A[nIaps¦nÂ
ip`w þ ip`^eapmIpw.
XZqt\ hyk\w þ A§ns\bsæn hyk\w þ tZmj^ew.

FÃm {Kl§fpsSbpw {]kvXmcmjvSIhÀ¤an«n«v Hmtcm

{Kl ¯n\pw Hmtcm cminbnepw F{X _nµp¡fp¶p IW¡m¡Ww.
Nmchim Hcp {Klw Hcp cminbn k©cn¡pt¼mÄ B cminbn B
{Kl¯n\v At©m AXne[nItam _nµp¡fp¦n ip`amWv.

kÀhmjvShÀ¤w
FÃm {Kl§fpsSbpw AjvShÀ¤w tNÀ¶Xv kÀhmjvSIhÀ¤w
DZmlcWPmXI¯nse kÀhmjvSIhÀ¤wþþ

ao\w taSw CShw anYp\w

39 23 26 28
Ipw`w IÀ¡SIw
33 28
aIcw (337) Nn§w
34 25
[\p hrÝnIwXpemw I¶n
29 21 27 24

BsIbpÅ 337 _nµp¡sf 12 cminIÄsImp lcn¡pt¼mÄ 28 In«pw.

AXp{]Imcw Ccp]s¯t«m AXne[nItam _nµp¡Ä hoWn«pÅ cminIÄ
ip`Icambncn¡pw. _nµp¡Ä IqSpw tXmdpw ^ehpw IqSpw.
 [551]

AXpt]mse Ccp]s¯«n \n¶pw Ipdbpw tXmdpw ^ehpw Ipdbpw.

kÀhmjvSI hÀ¤ambXn\m CXv FÃm {Kl§Ä¡pw Hcpt]mse bmWv.
AXmbXv, Cu PmXI¯n ao\w cminbn Nmchim FÃm {Kl§fpw
s]mXpsh A\pIqeambncn¡pw.

(21)
bmh´pkvXpln\cptNx ip`m¦kwØm
bmh´x ip``ht\ lnaZyptXÀhm
C°w XZznZnXanlm[ntI N tX`yx (1)
kvXkvXyqt\ hn]ZnXn kqNnXw ]tcjmw.
(1) ]mTt`Zw þ NXpÀ`n

{Kl§Ä AjvShÀ¤{]Imcw
ip`^ew \ÂIp¶sXt¸mÄ?

bmh´pkvXpln\cptNx ip`m¦kwØm þ
N{µ³ AjvShÀ¤ _et¯msS \n¡pI
bmh´x ip``ht\ lnaZyptXÀhmþ
N{µ³ (AjvShÀ¤ _et¯msS) ip``h\¯nÂ\n¡pI
C°w XZznZnXanlm[ntI N tX`yxþ
Cu ØnXnIÄ H¶ns\m¶p ip`IcamWv
kvXkvXyqt\ hn]ZnXn kqNnXw ]tcjmw.þ
CXn\p hn]coX ambncp¶m ^ehpw hn]coXambncn¡pw.
kqNnXw ]tcjmw.þ F¶p NneÀ kqNn¸n¡p¶p.

(22)
IÀ¯px kzP·kabmhkY{KlmWmw
IrXzmjvShÀKIYnXm£hn[m\a{X
_lz£tbmKhiXx ip`cminamkþ
`mh{KlØnXnjp IÀaip`w hnZ[ymXv.

IÀ¯px kzP·kabmhkY {KlmWmw þ

P\\kabs¯ {Kl\nebpm¡n
IrXzmjvShÀKIYnXm£hn[m\a{X þ
 [552]

AjvShÀ¤¯n ]dbp¶ _nµp¡fnSpt¼mÄ

_lz£tbmKhiXx þ In«p¶, IqSpXÂ _nµp¡fpÅ,
ip`cminamk`mh{KlØnXnj pþ ip`Icamb, cminþamkþ`mh§fnÂ
IÀaip`w þ IÀaKpWw, {]hÀ¯nhnPbw
hnZ[ymXv. þ DmIpsa¶dnbpI..

AjvShÀ¤¯n [mcmfw _nµp¡fpÅ cminþamk§fn hcpt¼mÄ {Kl§Ä

ip`^ew \ÂIp¶p.

(23)
]mt]m f ]n kzKrlØtÝXv
`mhhr²nw ItcmXyew
\oNmcmXnKrlØtÝXv
IpcymXv `mh£bw {[phw.

]m]{Kl§fpsS KpWtZmj^e§Ä
]mt]m A]n kzKrlØ tNXv þ ]m]cmbncp¶mepw {Kl§Ä
(NmchimÂ) kzt£{X¯n hcpt¼mÄ
`mhhr²nw ItcmXyew þ `mhhr²nsb sN¿p¶p.
\oNmcmXnKrlØtÝXvþ \oNcminbntem i{Xpt£{X¯ntem
BsW¦nÂ
IpcymX v `mh£bw {[phw. - `mh£bhpw sN¿p¶p.

(24)
tkzm¨tØm]n ipt`m `mhlm\nw ZpØm\t]m bZn
kpØm\]tÝXv tkzm¨Øx ]m]o `mhm\ypIqeIrXw.

ZpØm\t]m bZn þ Hcp {Klw ZpØm\m[n]\msW¦nÂ

ipt`m þ ip`\msW¦nepw
tkzm¨tØm]n þ D¨Ø\msW¦nepw
`mhlm\nw þ `mhs¯ \in¸n¡p¶p.
]m]o þ Hcp {Klw ]m]nbmsW¦nepw
kpØm\]tÝXv tkzm¨Ø þ kpØm\m[n]\pw D¨Ø\pamsW¦nÂ
`mhm\ypIqeIrXw. þ `mhs¯ ]pjvSns¸Sp¯p¶p.
 [553]


A²ymbw 24 --AjvSIhÀ¤w (XpSÀ¨)
1.\nÀÆN\§Ä
AjvShÀ¤w, `n¶mjvSIhÀ¤w, {]kvXmcmjvSIhÀ¤w, {XntImWtim[\bpw
GIm[n]Xytim[\bpw, ip²]nÞw 2 Nne {][m\ AjvShÀ¤^e§Ä .
kqcymjvShÀ¤^ew (]nXrt¢iw), {XntImW\£{X§Ä, tim[y]nÞw, tim[y hpw
timjhpw., N{µmjvShÀ¤^ew (amXrlm\n), IpPmjvShÀ¤^ew (ktlmZ
cKpWw), _p[mjvShÀ¤^ew (_ÔpKpWw), hymgmjvShÀ¤^ew
(]p{XKpWw), ip{ImjvShÀ¤^ew (If{XKpWw), aµmjvShÀ¤^ew (PmXIsâ
arXn) 3.{Xn tImWtim[\ 4.GIm[n]Xytim[\ 5.DzmlcWPmXI¯n k]vX
{Kl§fpsS AjvShÀ¤w,tim[\IÄ¡p ap¼pw ]n³]pw 6. tim[y]nÞw
7.cminKpWImc§Ä 8.{KlKpWImc§Ä 9.ImeN{IZimKW\ 10 lcW§Ä 11.
kapZmbmjvShÀ¤w 12. kapZmbmjvShÀ¤^ew

\nÀÆN\§Ä

AjvShÀ¤w
Hcp cminsb F«p `mK§fm¡nbpw eáhpw k]vX{ Kl§fpw
tNÀ¶ F«ns\ _Ôs¸Sp¯nbpw BWv AjvS hÀ¤w ImWp¶Xv. AjvSI
hÀ¤¯n Hcp cminbn hcmhp¶ Gähpw henb kwJy F«mWv.
.kqcym jvShÀ¤w, N{µmjvShÀ¤w, IpPmjvShÀ¤w,
_p[mjvShÀ¤w, KpÀhm jvS hÀ¤w, ip{ImjvShÀ¤w,
aµmjvShÀ¤w, eámjvShÀ¤w. F¶nhbmWv AjvS hÀ¤w..
{Kl§fpsS AjvShÀ¤ _ew ImWp¶Xn\v D]tbmKs¸Sp¯p¶p s-
¦nepw, eámjvShÀ¤w eá¯nsâ ^e{]hN\¯n\p hcp¶nÃ. .

`n¶mjvSIhÀ¤w
AjvShÀ¤anSpt¼mÄ cminN{Iw hc¨v AXmXv A£§Ä¡v
AXmXp {Kl§fpsS t]scgpXp¶XmWv `n¶mjvShÀ¤w. Hmtcm
cminbnepw BcpsS sbÃmw A£amWp hoWncn¡p¶sX\p a\Ên¡m³
CXv D]Icn¡pw.
 [554]

{]kvXmcmjvSIhÀ¤w
k]vX{Kl§fpw eáhpw F«pw Hmtcm cminbptSbpw 1/8
`mK¯nsâ ]XnIfmWv. GXp I£ybnemtWm A£w hngp¶Xv, B
`mK¯p k©cn¡p t¼mgmWv B AjvShÀ¤\mY³ Xsâ ImcI Xz§Ä
A\pkcn¨pÅ ^ew \ÂIp¶Xv. (Hcp `mKw 30/8 = 3.45 Un{Kn)

{XntImWtim[\bpw GIm[n]Xytim[\bpw
AjvShÀ¤¯n Hmtcm {Kl§fpsSbpw A£§Ä C«p Ignªm ]
ns¶ D]cnKWnX¯n\pthn Ahsb {Ias¸Sp¯n FSp¡p¶XmWv Ch. c-
pw \¶mep Xc¯n sN¿m\pv

ip²]nÞw
AjvShÀ¤¯n {XntImWtim[\bpw GIm[n]Xytim[\bpw Ign¨v
tijapÅ A£§sf AXmXp cminIfptSbpw AhnsS \n¡p¶ {Kl§fp tSbpw
KpWImcwsImv KpWn¨v FÃmwIqSn Iq«n¡n«p¶XmWv ip²]nÞw.

tlmcmimkv{Xw H¼Xma²ymbw AjvShÀ¤{]IcWamWv.

AXn BsI F«p tÇmI§tf DÅq þþ Ggp tÇmI§fn Ggp {Kl§fpsS
AjvS IhÀ¤§fpw F«mas¯ tÇmI¯n Ah ^ehn]mIs¯ F§s\ kzm[o
\n¡p¶psh¶pw hnhcn¡p¶p. (Cu tÇmIw Ignª A²ymb¯n ]¯mw
tÇmIambn h¶n«pv.) Cu F«p tÇmIfpsS hnjbs¯bmWv ^e Zo]nI c-
²ymb§fnembn 68 tÇmI§fn hnhcn¨n«pÅXv. BZyIme¯v Nmc^ew
kq£vaam¡m³ D]tbmKn¨ncp¶ AjvSIhÀ¤w C¶v ^e{]hN\¯n\pÅ Hcp
{]tXyI imJbmbn¯s¶ (Ashtakavarga system of Prediction) hfÀ¶n«pv.

^eZo]nI Ignª A²ymb¯n `n¶mjvShÀ¤w, {]kvXmcm

jvShÀ¤w, kÀhmjvShÀ¤w, F¶nh {]Xn]mZn¨p. Cu A²ymb¯nÂ
AjvShÀ¤s¯ Iptd¡qSn kq£vaam¡m\pÅ {InbIfmb {XntImW tim[\,
GIm[n]Xy tim[\ F¶nhbpw B tim[\IÄ¡ptijapÅ AjvShÀ¤w
D]tbmKn¨pÅ ^e{]hN\coXnbpw hnhcn¡p¶p

Nne {][m\ AjvShÀ¤^e§Ä .

]nXrt¢iw (kqcymjvShÀ¤^ew)

(1 þ 3)
AÀ¡ØnXky \htam cminx ]nXrKrlx kvarXx
 [555]

X{Zmin^ekwJym`nÀhÀ²tbtÑm[y]nÞIw.
k]vXhnwilrXmÃ_v[w \£{Xw bmXn `m\ptP
Xkvan³ Imte ]nXrt¢tim `hnjyXn \ kwibx.
XXv {XntImWKtX hm f ]n ]nXrXpeyky hm arXnx
kwtbmKx tim[ytimjmWmw tim[y]nÞ CXn kvarXx.

AÀ¡ØnXky \htam cminx þ

kqcy³ \n¡p¶ cminbpsS H¼Xmwcmin.
]nXrKrlx kvarXx þ ]nXr`mhamWv
XXv cmin^ekwJym`n þ B cminbpsS kwJysImv
hÀ²tbXv tim[y]nÞIw þ tim[y]nÞs¯* s]cp¡n AXns\
k]vXhnwilrXme_v[w þ 27 sImp lcn¡pt¼mÄ In«p¶\£{Xw
þ \£{X¯n¡qSn
bmXn `m\ptP þ i\n k©cn¡pt¼mÄ
Xkvan³ Imte ]nXrt¢tim `hnjyXn þ ]nXrt¢iw DmIpw.
XXv {XntImWKtX hm]n þ
AXnsâ {XntImW \£{X§fnÂ** hcpt¼mÄ
]nXrXpeyky hm arXnxþ AÑ\p Xpey\mb BÄ¡v
(DZm: ]nXrktlmZc\v) acWw kw`hn¡mw.
** {XntImW\£{X§Ä

1 10 19
AizXn aIw aqew
`cWn ]qcw ]qcmSw
ImÀ¯nI D{Xw D{XmSw
tcmlnWn A¯w XncpthmWw
aIbncwNn{X Ahn«w
XncphmXnc tNmXn NXbw
]pWÀXw hnimJw ]qcqcp«mXn
]qbw A\ngw D{X«mXn
Bbneyw Xrt¡« tchXn

KWnXw
DZmlcWPmXI¯n kqcy³ CSh¯nÂ. CSh¯n \n¶pw H¼Xmw
cmin aIcw. B cminbpsS kwJysImv (kqcymjvShÀ¤¯n aIc
¯nse _nµp¡ÄsImv.) AYhm BdpsImv tim[y]nÞs¯ s]cp¡Ww.
 [556]

tim[y]nÞw þ 84 (tim[y]nÞw F´msW¶pw 84 F¶ kwJy F§ns\

In«p¶psh¶pw hgntb hnhcn¡p¶pv.)
= 84 x 6 = 504, 504 s\ -27sImv lcn¡pt¼mÄ
AizXnbnÂ\n¶pw ]Xns\«mas¯ \£{Xw = Xrt¡«.

i\n Xrt¡«bn¡qSn k©cn¡pt¼mÄ B kab¯v ]nXrt¢iw DmIpw. i\n

AXnsâ (Xrt¡«bpsS) {XntImW\£{X§fmb tchXn, Bbneyw
Chbn \n¡pt¼mÄ AÑ\p Xpey\mb BÄ¡v (]nXr ktlmZc\v) acWw
kw`hn¡mw.

* tim[y]nÞw
kwtbmKx tim[ytimjmWmw tim[y]nÞ CXn kvarXx þ tim[yw, timjw
ChbpsS kwtbmKamWv tim[y]nÞw. (timj¯n\p ]Icw tijw F¶pw
ImWp¶p.)

tim[yhpw timjhpw.
AjvShÀ¤¯nse bYmÀ°kwJybpw GIm[n]Xytim[\,
{XntImWtim[\ F¶nhbv¡p tijapÅ kwJybpw BWv Chsb¶m Wv Nne
hymJymXm¡fpsS A`n{]mbw. aäp NnecpsS A`n{]mbw CXv Xmsg
23 apX 26 hscbpÅ tÇmI§fn ]dbp¶, BbpÀ±mb ¯nsâ kµÀ`¯nÂ
hnhcn ¡p¶, kwJybmWv F¶mWv. kµÀ` hpambn IqSpXÂ
tbmPn¡p¶Xv AXmIbm B coXnbmWv ChnsS kzoIcn¨n«pÅXv.
tUm.. _n. hn. cma\pw Cu coXnXs¶bmWv ]n´pSÀ ¶n«pÅXv.

Ccp]t¯gv \£{XkwJybmW.v Ccp]t¯gp \£{X§Ä tNcp t¼mÄ

Hcp aÞeamIpw. (13þ20 x 27 = 360). tim[y]nÞs¯ AjvShÀ¤w sImp
s]cp¡pt¼mÄ In«p¶ D¯cw km[mcW 360 Un{Knbn IqSpX
embncn¡pw. AXpsImmWv AXns\ Ccp]¯n tbgpsImp lcn¡p¶Xv.
AXpt]mse lcW^eaà injvSw hcp¶ kwJybmWv \ap¡mhiyw. ChnsS
Hcp Imcyw {]tXyIw Adnbm\pv. Cu {InbsNbvXp \ap¡p In«p¶ hÀjw
 [557]

Nm{µhÀjamWv. AXns\ kuchÀjam¡Wsa¦n 324 (27 x 12) sImp

s]cp¡n 365 sImp lcn¡Ww.

tKmNc¯n i\n IS¶p t]mIpt¼mÄ AÑsâ BbpÊn\v tZmj

Icamb Hcp \£{Xwam{XamWv Ct¸mÄ In«nbn«pÅXv. kwKXn
Ipd¨p IqSn hyàamIWsa¦n aäp Ipsd Imcy§ÄIqSn (AÑsâ PmXI¯nse
BbpÀ±mbw, acWkabw, Zim]lmc§Ä, tbmK§Ä XpS§nbhbpw A½
Pohn¨ncn¸ps¦n AhcpsS PmXI¯n ssh[hytbmKaptm Ds¦n AXnsâ
kabw XpS§nbhbpw) ]cnKWn¡m\pv. ]nXrktlmZcsâ Imcy¯nepw
C¯cw ]cntim[\ IÄ BhiyamWv.

(4)
eámXv kptJizcmwtiiZimbmw N ]nXr£bx
kpJ\mYZimbmw hm ]nXrXpeyarXnw htZXv.

]nXracWw
eámXv þ eá¯nÂ\n¶pw.
kptJizcmwtiiZimbmw þ \memw`mhm[n]³ \n¡p¶
\hmwiI¯nsâ \mYsâ Zibnepw.
]nXr£bx þ ]nXracWapmImw.
kpJ\mYZimbmw]nXrXpeyarXnw þ\memw`mhm[n]sâ ZibnÂ
]nXrXpeycpsS acWapmImw.

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse eáw ao\w. eá¯nÂ\n¶pw \memw `mhw

anYp\w. anYp\¯nsâ A[n]³ _p[³. _p[³ AwiIn ¨ncn¡p ¶Xv anYp\¯nÂ.
_p[Zibn ]nXr t¢iapmIw. AXpt]mse \memw `mhm[n]sâ ZibnÂ
(_p[ZibnÂ) ]nXrXpeycpsS acWhpw kw`hn¡mw.

(5, 6)
kwtim[y ]nÞw kqcyky c{Ôamt\\ hÀ²tbXv
ZzmZti\ lrXmtÑjcminw bmtX ZnhmItc.
XXv {XntImWKtX hm f ]n acWw Xky \n˱ntiXv
Ghw {KlmWmw kÀthjmw Nn´tb·Xnam¶cx.

kwtim[y ]nÞw kqcyky þ kqcysâ AjvShÀ¤w tim[n¨v.

 [558]

c{Ôamt\\ hÀ²tbXv þ (AXns\) F«psImp s]cp¡n.

ZzmZti\ lrXm þ ]{´p sImp lcn¡pt¼mÄ.
tijcminw bmtX ZnhmItc þ _m¡n hcp¶ cminbnÂ
kqcy³ hcpt¼mÄ.
]nXr£bx þ ]nXracWapmImw.
XXv {XntImWKtX hm A]n þ B cminbpsS {XntImW
cminbn kqcy³ hcpt¼mgpw.
acWw Xky \nÀ±ntiXv þ AÑsâ acWw ]dbWw.
Ghw {KlmWmw kÀthjmw þ C{]Imcw FÃm {Kl§sf
s¡mpw
Nn´tbXv aXnam³ \cx þ Nn´n¡Ww.

kqcys\s¡mv AÑs\¡pdn¨p Nn´n¡p¶Xpt]mse aäp {Kl§sfs¡mp aäp

_Ôp¡sf¡pdn¨pw Nn´n¡Ww.

DZmlcWw/hniZoIcWw:;
1. kqcysâ tim[y]nÞs¯ F«psImp s]cp¡pI.
84 x 8 = 672.
CXns\ ]{´psImp lcn¡pI.
672 / 12 = 56. _m¡n 0.

AÑsâ acW¯n\p km[yXbpÅ \£{Xw (\mÄ), cmin (amkw) F¶nh \ap¡v

GItZiw C§s\ KWns¨Sp¡mw. (A]arXyp CXn s]SnÃ.)
F«psImp s]cp¡Ww F¶p ]dªXv hÀ²tbXv F¶ kwkvIrXw
hm¡nsâ ASnØm\¯nemWv. H¶mw tÇmI¯nepw Cu
AÀ°wXs¶bmWv sImSp¯n«pÅXv. F¶m Cu tÇmI¯nsâ Nne
hymJym\§fn s]cp¡Ww F¶Xn\p ]Icw Iq«Ww F¶mWp ImWp¶Xv.
^eZo]nIbn¯s¶, CtX {Inb ]dbp¶ aäp tÇmI§Ä Cu hymJym\¯n\v
(Iq«en\v) A\pIqeasöp ImWmhp¶XmWv.

2 .amXrlm\n (N{µmjvShÀ¤^ew)
(7)
N{µmÕpJ^ssex ]nÞw lXzm kmcmhtijnXw
i\u bmtX amXrlm\nx {XntImWÀ£KtX f ]n hm.
(8)
N{µmXv kpJmjvStaimwi{XntImtW Znhkm[nt]
 [559]

amXpÀhntbmKw X·mtk \nÀ±ntiÃáXx ]nXpx

N{µmXv kpJ^ssex ... ....þ N{µm \men DÅ AjvShÀ¤

_nµp¡sfs¡mp tim²y]nÞ s¯ s]cp¡n Ccp]t¯gpsImp lcn¨m hcp¶
injvSs¯ AizXn apX¡pÅ \£{Xambn F®nbm In«p¶ \£{X¯nÂ.

i\u bmtX þ i\n hcp¶ kab¯p.

cmXrlm\nx þ amXmhnsâ acWw
kw`hn¡mw.
{XntImWÀ£KtX A]n hm þ AXsæn AXnsâ {XntImW \
£{X¯n i\n hcpt¼mgpw CXp kw`hn¡mw.

N{µmXv kpJmXv þ N{µm \mensâ.

AjvStai þ F«mw `mhm[n]³
Awi þ AwiIn¨ cminbpsS \mYsâ.
{XntImtW þ {XntImW¯nÂ.
Znhkm[nt] þ kqcy³ hcp¶.
X·mtk þ amk¯nÂ
amXpÀhntbmKw \nÀ±ntiXv þ amXmhnsâ acWw ]dbWw.
eáXx ]nXpx þ C{]Imcw eás¯s¡mp ]nXmhnsâ acWt¯bpw
Nn´n¡Ww.

(9)
`uam¯rXobcminØ^sseÀ{`mXrKpWw `thXv
_p[m kpJ^sseÀºÔpKpWw hm amXpeky N.

ktlmZcKpWw (IpPmjvShÀ¤^ew)
`uamXv XrXob cminØ ^ssex þsNmÆbnÂ\n¶pw aq¶mw cminbnepÅ
AjvShÀ¤_nµp¡ÄsImp.
{`mXrKpWw `thXv þ ktlmZcKpWw DmIpw.

_ÔpKpWw (_p[mjvShÀ¤^ew)
_p[m kpJ^ssex þ _p[sâ \men DÅ AjvShÀ¤
_nµp¡Ä sImv.
_Ôp KpWw þ _ÔpKpWhpw / kplrXv KpWhpw
amXpeky N. amXpeKpWhpw ]dbWw.
 [560]

(10)
KpcpØnXkpXØmt\ bmhXmw hnZytX ^ew
i{Xp\oN{Klw(1) Xyàzm tijmx XkymßPx kvarXmx.
(1) ]mTt`Zw: Krlw

5. ]p{XKpWw (hymgmjvShÀ¤^ew)
KpcpØnXkpXØmt\ þ hymg¯nsâ A©nÂ.
bmhXmw hnZytX ^ew þ DÅ _nµp¡fnÂ\n¶pw.
i{Xp\oN{Klw Xyàzm þ i{Xp{Klw, \oN¯nepÅ {Klw
F¶nhbpsS _nµp¡sf Ipd¨mÂ.
tijmx Xky BßPmx þ _m¡n hcp¶ _nµp¡Ä
kqNn¸n¡p¶Xmbncn¡pw a¡fpsS kwJy.

(11)
KptcmcjvSIhÀt¤jp tim[y injvS^em\n ssh
{Iqccmin^ew Xyàzm tijmx XkymßPmx kvarXmx.

a¡fpsS kwJy
Kptcmx AjvSIhÀt¤ þ Kpcphnsâ AjvShÀ¤s¯.
tim[y injvS^em\n þ tim[n¨m _m¡n In«p¶
_nµp¡fnÂ\n¶pw.
{Iqccmin^ew Xyàzm þ ]m]{Kl§fpsS (Ip,a) _nµp¡Ä
Ipd¨mÂ.
tijmx Xky BßPmx kvarXmx þ_m¡n hcp¶Xmbncn¡pw
a¡fpsS kwJy.
(12)
^em[nIw `rtKmÀb{X X{X `mcym P\nÀbZn
Xky hwim`nhr²nx kymZÂt] £oWmÀ°k´Xnx.

If{XKpWw (ip{ImjvShÀ¤^ew)
^em[nIw `rtKmx b{X þ ip{ImjvShÀ¤¯nÂA[nIw _nµp¡fpÅ
cminbmWv.
X{X `mcym P\nx bZn þ `mcybpsS P·cminsb¦nÂ.
Xky hwim`n hr²nx kymXv þ hwiw A`nhr²ns¸Spw.
AÂt¸ þ adn¨,v AXv _nµp¡Ä IpdªXmsW¦nÂ.
 [561]

£oWmÀ°k´Xnx þ [\hpw k´Xnbpw Ipdªncn¡pw.

(13)
tim[y]nÞw it\Àeám²Xzm c{Ô^ssex kpssJx
lrXzmhtij`w bmtX atµ Poth f ]n hm arXnx.

PmXIsâ arXn (aµmjvShÀ¤^ew)

it\x þ i\nbpsS.
eám²Xzm þ eám F«nse
c{Ô^ssex þ AjvShÀ¤_nµp¡ÄsIm v
tim[y]nÞw lrXzm þ tim[y]nÞs¯ s]cp¡n
Ccp]t¯gpsImp lcn¨mÂ
Ahtij`w þ In«p¶ injvSw AizXnapXÂ
F®nbm In«p¶ \£{X¯nÂ
bmtX atµ Poth A]n hm þ i\n Asæn Kpcp hcpt¼mÄ.
arXnx þ acWw DmImw.

(14)
eámZnaµm´^sseIykwJymþ
hÀtj hn]¯nkvXp XYmÀ¡]p{XmÂ
bmhZzneám´^em\n Xkvanþ
¶mtim ln XtZymKkam\hÀtj.

eámZnaµm´ þ eáw apX i\n \n¡p¶ cminhsc DÅ

^sseIykwJym ... AÀ¡]p{Xm þ i\nbpsS AjvS hÀ¤_nµp¡Ä
Iq«nbm In«p¶
XtZymKkam\hÀtj. þ F®¯n\p Xpeyamb hÀj¯nÂ
hn]¯nx þ B]¯pmImw.
bmhXv hneám´ ^em\n þ AXpt]mse i\n \n¡p¶ cmin apX eáw
hscbpÅ cminIfn BsI F{X _nµp¡Ä Dtm.
XtZymKkam\hÀtj þ AXn\p Xpeyamb hÀj¯nepw
Xkvan³ \mtim þ \miapmImw.

(15)
AjvSaØ^sseÀÃámXv ]nÞw lXzm kpssJÀ`tPXv
^eambpÀhnPm\obmXv {]mKztZzfm´p Iev]tbXv.
 [562]

BbpÊv
AjvSaØ^ssex eámXv þ eámÂv F«nepapff
AjvShÀ¤wsImv.
]nÞw lXzm þ tim²y]nÞs¯ s]cp¡n.
kpssJx `tPXv þ Ccp]¯ntbgp ( kþ7, Jþ2) sImp
lcn¨mÂ
.^ew Bbpx hnPm\o bmXvþ In«p¶ ^ew (_nµp¡Ä)
BbpÀssZÀLyamsW¶dnbpI.
{]mKztZzfm´p Iev]tbXv. þ acWkabw t\cs¯ ]dªXpt]mse
.
eám F«nepÅ AjvShÀ¤s¯ AXmXp {Kl¯nsâ tim[y ]
nÞwsImp s]cp¡n Ccp]¯ntbgpsImp lcn¡pt¼mÄ _m¡n hcp¶hsb
Iq«nbm In«p¶Xp ]cambpÊmWv. acWkabw tÇmIw ]Xnaq¶n ]
dªXpt]mse.

{XntImWtim[\
(16, 17)
{XntImtWjp Xp bZyq\w X¯peyw {Xnjp tim[tbXv
GIkvan³ `ht\ iqt\y X{¯ntImWw \ tim[tbXv.
`h\Zzbiqt\y Xp tim[tbZ\yaµncw (1)
katXz kÀhtKtljp kÀhw kwtim[tb¯Zm.
(1) `h\Zzbiqt\y \ tim[tbZ\yaµncw

{XntImtWjp Xp bZyq\w X¯peyw {Xnjp tim[tbXv þ Hcp

{XntImW¯nse aq¶p cminIfnvepw Htc hn[¯neà _nµp¡Ä ImWp
¶sX¦nÂ, GXnemtWm _nµp¡Ä Gähpw Ipdhv, B kwJy aq¶n \n¶pw
Ipd¨v _m¡n \nÀ¯Ww

GIkvan³ `ht\ iqt\y XXv {XntImWw \ tim[tbXv þþ Hcp {XntImW

¯nse Hcp cminbn _nµp¡Ä Csæn B {XntImWw tim[nt¡XnÃ.
{XntImWcminIÄ:
taSw Nn§w [\p
CShw I¶n aIcw
anYp\w Xpemw Ipw`w
IÀ¡Sw hrÝnIw ao\w
 [563]

`h\Zzbiqt\y Xp tim[tbZ\yaµncw þþ Hcp {XntImW¯nse cp cminIfnÂ

_nµp¡Ä Csæn aq¶ma¯Xpw iq\yam¡pI.

]mTt`Zw: (1) `h\Zzbiqt\y \ tim[tbZ\yaµncw þþ Cu ]mThpw AXnsâ

hymJym\hpw aäp hymJym\§fpamtbm tUm.cmasâ Cu hnjb¯nepÅ ]
pkvXIhpamtbm tbmPn¡p¶nÃ.

katXz kÀhtKtljp kÀhw kwtim[tb¯Zm þþHcp {XntImW ¯nse aq¶p

cminIfnsebpw _nµp¡Ä Hcpt]mse bmsW¦n aq¶pw iq\yam¡Ww.

GIm[n]Xytim[\
cp cminIfpsS B[n]XyapÅ {Kl§fpsS ( Ip, _p, Kp, ip, a)
_nµp¡Ä hopw sNdpXm¡n FSp¡p¶XmWv Cu {Inb. Hcp cmin bpsS
am{Xw B[n]XyapÅ {Kl§fpsS (c, N) _nµp¡Ä¡p amäanÃ.

(18 þ 22)
{XntImWtim[\mw IrXzm ]ÝmtZIm[n]XyIw
t£{XZztb ^em\n kypkvXZm kwtim[tbÕp[nx (¶c)x
{Klbptà ^te lot\ {Klm`mth ^em[ntI
Dut\\ kZri´zkvan³ tim[tbZv{KlhÀÖntX
^em[ntI {KsslÀbptà Nm\ykvan³ kÀhapÕrtPXv
k{Klm{KlXpeytXz kÀhw kwtim[ya{KlmXv.
D`m`ymw {Kllo\m`ymw katXz kIew XytPXv
D`tbmÀ{Klkwbptà \ kwtim²yw IZmN\.
GIkvan³ `ht\ iqt\y \ kwtim²yw IZmN\
Zzmh{Klu tNZy¶q\w X¯peyw timZtb±ztbx.

{XntImWtim[\mw IrXzm……
{XntImWtim[\bv¡ptijw GIm[n]Xytim[\ sN¿Ww.
t£{XZztb ^em\n kyp XZm kwtim[tbXv þþ Hcp {Kl¯nsâ cp
cminIfnepw _nµp¡Ä Ds¦nte GIm[n]Xytim[\ thXpÅq. (cp
cminIfpsS B[n]XyapÅ {Kl§fpsS AjvSIhÀ¤¯nt\ Cu tim[\ DÅq.)
 [564]

{Klbptà ^te lot\ -{Klm`mth ^em[ntI tim[tbXv {Kl hÀÖntXþþ (Hcp

{Kl¯nsâ cp cminIfn H¶n {KlØnXn DmhpIbpw aäXnÂ
CÃmXncn¡pIbpw sNbvXmÂ) {KlapÅ cminbn _nµp¡Ä
Ipdhmbpw {KlanÃm¯ cminbn IqSpXembpw Ccp¶mÂ
{KlanÃm¯ cminbnse IqSpXÂ _nµp¡sf.
Dut\\ kZriw Xp þþ {KlapÅ cminbnse _nµp¡Ä¡p Xpeyam¡Ww.

^em[ntI {KsslÀbptà A\ykvan³ kÀhapÕrtPXv þþ

t\scadn¨v, {Klw \n¡p¶ cminbn _nµp¡Ä IqSpX embpw {Kl
anÃm¯ cminbn Ipdhmbpw Ccp¶m B Ipdª _nµp¡sf
]q˨ambpw IfbWw.

k{Kl A{Kl XpeytXz kÀhw kwtim[yw A{KlmXv þ AXÃ

{Klt¯mSpIqSnb cminbnepw AXnÃm¯ cminbnepw _nµp¡Ä
kaamsW¶p h¶m {KlanÃm¯ cminbnse _nµp¡sf ]msS Dt]£n¡Ww.

D`m`ymw {Kllo\m`ymw katXz, kIew XytPXv þþC\n AXpaÃ, cp

cminIfnepw {Kl§Ä CÃmXncn¡pIbpw cnepw _nµp¡Ä Xpeyam
bncn¡pIbpw sNbvXmÂ. cp cminIfnsebpw _nµp¡sf XyPn¡Ww.

D`tbmx {Klkwbptà \ kwtim²yw IZmN\ þþ cnepw {Kl§Ä Ds¦nÂ. Cu

tim[\ thXnÃ.

GIkvan³ `ht\ iqt\y \ kwtim²yw IZmN\ þþ cp cminIfn HcpcminbnÂ

_nµp¡Ä CÃmXncp¶mepw tim[\ BhiyanÃ.

Zzu A{Klu tNXv \q\w , X¯peyw tim[tbXv Zztbx þþ cp cminIfnepw

{Kl§Ä CÃmXncn¡pIbpw cnsebpw _nµp¡Ä kaaÃmsXbpw Ccp
¶mÂ,. IpdªXntebv¡v _nµp¡Ä {Ias¸Sp¯Ww.

GIm[n]Xytim[\ Npcp¡¯nÂ
cnepw {KlapÅXv þþ amäanÃ.
H¶nÂam{Xw {KlapÅXv þþ
{KlapÅXv {KlanÃm¯Xv
_nµp¡Ä Ipdhv _nµp¡Ä IqSpXÂ
þþ cpw IpdªXn\p Xpeyam¡Ww
 [565]

_nµp¡Ä IqSpXÂ _nµp¡Ä Ipdhv

þþ IpdhpÅXv IfbWw ….
cpw kaw ... þþ {KlanÃm¯Xp IfbWw

cnepw {KlanÃm¯Xvþ
cnepw _nµp¡Ä XpeyamsW¦n þþ cpw IfbWw
H¶n _nµp¡Ä IqSnbpw aäXn Ipdªpw Ccp¶mÂ
þþ IpdªXv FSp¡Ww.
H¶nÂam{Xw _nµp¡Ä DÅXv þþ amäanÃ

DZmlcWPmXI¯n {Kl§fpsS AjvShÀ¤w,

(tim[\IÄ¡p ap¼pw ]n³]pw)

kqcymjvShÀ¤w {XntImWtim[\ GIm[n]Xytim[\

bv¡ptijw bv¡ptijw
5 4 3 4 3 2 0 0 0 2 0 0
6 4 0 2 2 2
2 2 1 0 2 0
5 2 4 3 3 3 0 0 0 0 0 0

kp`nx anYp\mfnt` þ anYp\hpw hrÝnIhpw F«psImpw

hWnMv taju N ap\n`nx þ Xpemhpw taShpw GgpsImpw
I\yIm aItc isscx. þ I¶nbpw aIchpw A©psImpw
KpWn¡Ww._m¡nbpÅ,
IÀ¡o Nm] LSo Qjmx þ IÀ¡SIw, [\pÊv, Ipw`w, ao\w Chsb,
kz\maKpWnXmx þ AhbpsS t]cp (cminN{I¯nse
kYm\w) sImpw KpWn¡Ww
(IÀ¡Sw þ 4, [\p þ 9, Ipw`w þ 11, ao\w þ
12)
GtX cminKpWmx t{]màmx þ ChbmWv cminKpW Imc§Ä
]rYKv {KlKpWmx ]rYIv þ {KlKpWImc§Ä thsdbmWv.

cminKpWImc§Ä
taSw CShw. anYp\w IÀ¡SIw Nn§w I¶n Xpemw hrÝnIw [\p aIcw Ipw`w ao\w
7. 10. 8 4 10. 5. 7. 8. 9 5 11 12
 [566]

(26)
Pohmcip{Ikuaym\mw
Zihkpk]vtX{µnssbx {IamZv KpWnXm
_p[kwJym tijmWmw
cminKpWmXv {KlKpssWx ]rY¡mcymx.

{KlKpWImc§Ä
Poh Bc ip{I kuaym\mw þ Kpcp, IpP³, ip{I³, _p[³ Chsb
Zihkpk]vtX{µnssbx {IamXv þ 10, 8, 7, 5 F¶ {Ia¯nepw
_p[kwJym tijmWmw þ tijn¨hbv¡p (kqcy³, N{µ³, i\n)
_p[sâ kwJybpw (5) {KlKpWImcI§fmIp¶p.
cminKpWm {KlKpWx ]rY¡mcyx. þ (tim[\IÄ Ignª AjvShÀ¤s¯)
cminKpWImckwJysImpw {KlKpWImc kwJysImpw shtÆsd
s]cp¡Ww.

{KlKpWImcw.
kqcy³ N{µ³ IpP³ _p[³ Kpcp ip{I³ i\n
5 5 8 5 10 7 5

Cu \nba§Äsh¨psImv DZmlcWPmXI¯nse kqcysâ tim[y]nÞw

ImWmw.

cminKpWImcw.
(_nµp¡fpÅ cminIÄ¡pam{Xta CXp _m[IamIp.)
cminKpWImcw x kqcymjvShÀ¤w
taSw 7 x 2 = 14
CShw 10 þ þ
anYp\w 8 þ þ
IÀ¡SIw4 2 8
Nn§w 10 þ þ
I¶n 5 þ þ
Xpemw 7 þ þ
hrÝnIw 8 þ þ
[\p 9 þ þ
aIcw 5 2 10
Ipw`w 11 2 22
 [567]

ao\w 12 þ þ
BsI 54
{KlKpWImcw. (_nµp¡fpÅ cminIfn \n¡p¶ {Kl§Ä¡p am{Xta Cu
hÀ²\hpÅq. Hcp cminbn H¶ne[nIw {Kl§fp s¦n FÃmän\pw
KpWImcw H¶pXs¶).

{KlKpWImcw x kqcymjvShÀ¤w
kqcy³ 5 þ þ þ
N{µ³ 5 þ þ þ
IpP³ 8 x 2 16
_p[³ 5 þ þ þ
hymgw 10 þ þ þ
ip{I³ 7 x 2 14
i\n 5 þ þ þ
BsI 30
tim[y]nÞw 54 + 30 = 84.

CXmWv kqcysâ tim[y]nÞw. CXpt]mse aäp {Kl§fpsS tim[y]nÞhpw

ImWWw.

ImeN{I ZimKW\
(27)
Ghw KpWnXzm kwtbmPy k]vX`nÀKpWtbXv ]p\x
k]vXhnwilrXmÃ_v[hÀjmWy{X `h´n ln.
(28)
ZzmZimZv KpWtbÃ_v[m amkmlÀLSnImx kvarXm
({IamXv)
k]vXhnwiXn hÀjmWn aWvUew tim[tbZv ]p\x. (1)
(1) ]mTt`Zw þ _p[x

1. Ghw KpWnXzm kwtbmPy þ C{]Imcw KpWn¨p In«p¶ cp

kwJyIfpw Iq«n (CXp Xs¶bmWv XpS¡¯n ]dª tim[y]nÞw)

2. k]vX`nÀKpWtbXv ]p\x k]vXhnwilrXmx

GgpsImp KpWn¨v. Ccp]¯ntbgpsImp lcn¨mÂ.
e_v[ hÀjmWn A{X `h´n ln þ In«p¶Xp hÀjw.
 [568]

3. ZzmZimZn KpWtbXv e_v[m amk Al LSnImx ({IamXv) þ

_m¡nbpÅXns\ ]{´p sImp s]cp¡n Ccp]t¯gp sImp lcn¨mÂ
In«p¶Xp amkw. AXnsâ _m¡nsb 30 sImp s]cp¡n
Ccp]t¯gpsImp lcn¨m In«p¶Xp Znhkw. C§s\ \mgnIbpw
ImWmw. (A§ns\ In«p¶ hÀjs¯ AXv Ccp]t¯gnÂ
IqSpXemsW¦nÂ)

4. k]vX hnwiXn hÀjmWn aWvUew tim[tbXv

þ Ccp]t¯gp hÀjwsImv B aÞes¯ tim[n¡Ww.

GgpsImp s]cp¡n Ccp]¯ntbgpsImp lcn¡Â.

Cu A²ymb¯n ]ebnS¯pw Cu KWnXw hcp¶pv. Hcp
{Kl¯nsâ AjvShÀ¤w hmkvXh¯n BsIbpÅ Xnsâ (Ggp {Klw = 360
Un{Kn) Ggn Hcp `mKta BIp¶pÅq. Ccp]t¯gv \£{X kwJybmW.v
Ccp]t¯gp \£{X§Ä tNcpt¼mÄ Hcp aÞeamIpw. (13þ20 x 27 = 360).
tim[y]nÞs¯ GgpsImp s]cp¡pt¼mÄ In«p¶ D¯cw km[mcW 360
Un{Knbn IqSpX embncn¡pw. AXpsImmWv AXns\
Ccp]¯ntbgpsImp lcn ¡p¶Xv. AXpt]mse lcW^eaà injvSw hcp¶
kwJybmWv \ap¡m hiyw. ChnsS Hcp Imcyw {]tXyIw Adnbm\pv.
Cu {InbsNbvXp \ap¡p In«p¶ hÀjw Nm{µhÀjamWv. AXns\ kuchÀj
am¡Wsa¦n 324 (27 x 12) sImp s]cp¡n 365 sImp lcn¡Ww. CXv
{InbbpsS Ahkm\w sNbvXm aXn. ImcWw Cu hÀj§Ä¡v GXm\pw
IrXyam¡epIÄIqSn _m¡nbpv.

ChnsS aäp aq¶p ]Xn¸pIfnepw ImWm¯ Hcp tÇmIw

sImSp§ÃqÀ ]Xn¸n ImWp¶pv.
XZqÀt²z `qan`nx tim²yw XytPZv `qanw XZqÀ²ztI
IpPm[ntI `thZy{X P\ImtÑm[tb¯Ym.
AÀ°w: AjvShÀ¤mbpÊv C{]Imcw IW¡m¡nbm Ccp]t¯gn
\I¯msW¦n A{Xbpw Xs¶ kzoIcn¡Ww. Ccp]t¯gn A[nI amsW¦nÂ
A¼¯n\menÂ\n¶p Ipdbv ¡Ww. A¼¯n\mene[nI ambm A¼¯n\mep
Ipdbv¡Ww. F¬]s¯m¶ne[nIambm \qsä«nÂ\n¶p Ipdbv¡Ww.

10 lcW§Ä
 [569]

(29)
At\ym f \yaÀ²lcWw {Klbptà Xp ImctbXv
\otN f À²akvX(tK)tI f ]yÀ²lcWw tXjp ImctbXv.

At\ym\yw AÀ²lcWw {Klbptà Xp ImctbXv þ Hcp cminbnÂ

H¶ne[nIw {Kl§fps¦n Hmtcm¶ntâbpw ]IpXn hoXw Ipdbv¡Ww.
\otN AÀ²akvX(tK)tI A]n AÀ²lcWw tXjp ImctbXv þ
\oNhpw auVyhpapÅ {Kl§Ä¡pw ]IpXn hoXw IfbWw.

(30)
i{Xpt£t{X {Xn`mtK\ ZriymÀ²lcWw XYm
{Xywtim\lcWw `wtK kqtcytµzmx ]mXkw{ibmXv.

i{Xpt£t{X {Xn`mtK\ þ i{Xpt£{X¯n aq¶n H¶v.

ZriymÀ²lcWw XYm þ ZriymÀ²lcWhpw thWw.
(A²ymbw 22. tÇmIw 19 ImWpI)
{Xywtim\lcWw cW`wtKþ bp²¯n tXmä {Klw þ 1/ 3 `mKw
Ipdbv¡Ww. kqtcytµzmx ]mXkw{ibmXv þ kqcyN{µ·mÀ ]
mX¯n emsW¦n 1/ 3 Ipdbv¡Ww. (]mXw þ {KlWw.)
DZmlcWPmXI¯n CXp cpanÃ.
DZmlcWPmXI¯n cNIp_pip ChbpsS ]IpXn Ipdbpw.
\oNw þ CÃ. auVyw þ _p.1/2
i{Xpt£{XØnXn þ kqcy³ þ 1/3
Zriyw þ CÃ.
{Klbp²w þ CÃ.
{KlWw þ CÃ.

(31)
_lptXz lctW {]m]vtX ImctbXv _eh¯cw
]ÝmXv XXv kIem³ IrXzm hcmwtKW hnhÀ²tbXv.
(32)
amXMvKe_v[w ip²mbpÀ`hXoXn \ kwibx
]pÀhh±namkm_vZm³ IrXzm Xky Zim `thXv.
 [570]

_lptXz lctW {]m]vtX ImctbXv _eh¯cw þ Hcp {Kl¯n\p ]e lcW§Ä

hcp¶ps¦n Gähpw A[nIapÅXam{Xw Ipdbv¡pI. (H¶ne[nIw kwJy
Ipdbv ¡m\ps¦n Gähpw IqSpXepÅXpam{Xw Ipdbv ¡m³ \nÀ¯n
_m¡nsbÃmw IfbWw.) DZm. kqcy\v 1/2, 1/3 F¶n §s\ cp
lcW§fpÅXn 1/2 am{Xw Ipd¨m aXn
.
]ÝmXv XXv kIem³ IrXzm þ ]ns¶ Ahsb FÃmw Iq«n
hcmwtKW hnhÀ²tbXv þ h c K 4 2 3 þ 324 sImp KpWn¨v
amXMvKe_v[w þ amXwK þ a X K 563 , 365 sImp lcn¨mÂ
ip²mbpx `hXn þ IrXyamb BbpÊv In«pw
CXn \ kwibx þ kwibw th .
(Nm{µhÀjs¯ kuchÀjam¡m\pÅ {InbbmWnXv) .
(33)
Ghw {KlmWmw kÀthjmw Zimw Ipcym ]rYIv ]rYIv
AjvShÀKZimamÀKx kÀthjmap¯tam¯ax

Ghw {KlmWmw kÀthjmw þ C§s\ FÃm{Kl§fpsSbpw

Zimw Ipcym ]rYIv ]rYIv þ Zi (BbpÊv) thsd thsd
ImWWw.
{Inbm{Iaw:
1. AjvSIhÀ¤w ImWpI
2. {XntImWþGIm[n]Xytim[\IÄ sN¿pI
3. _m¡n hcp¶Xns\ cminþ{KlKpWImc§ÄsImp s]cp¡n, FÃmw
Iq«n tim²y]nÞw ImWpI. (DZmlcWPmXI¯nse kqcysâ
tim²y]nÞw 84 (t]Pv 549 ImWpI)
4 CXns\ GgpsImp s]mcp¡n Ccp]t¯gpsImp lcn¡pI.
84 x 7 / 27 = 21.78
5 CXv kqcysâam{Xw AjvShÀ¤mbpÊmWv. AXpsImv
CXpt]mse aäv Bdp {Kl§fpsS IqSn BbpÀhÀjw Ip Iq«pI
6. Cu BbpÊns\ apIfn ]dª \mep lcW§Ä \S¯n ip²am¡pI.
C§ns\ In«p¶ hÀj§fmWv AjvShÀ¤ ]cambpÊv.

tim[y aÞew
{Klw ]nÞw {Inb D¯cw tim[\ _m¡n lcWw _m¡n
kqcy³ 84 x7/27 21.78 þ 21.78 1/2, 1/3 10.89
N{µ³ 206 53.41 27 26.41 1/2 13,20
 [571]

IpP³ 90 23.33 þ 23.33 1/2 11.66

_p[³ 135 35. 27 8. þ 1/2, 1/2. 4. þ
hymgw 163 42.25 27 15.25 15.25
ip{I³ 104 26.96 þ 26.96 1/2 13.48
i\n 111 28.78 27 1. 78 1.78
70.26 Nm{µhÀjamWv. CXns\ kuchÀjam¡Ww.
(CXvv FÃm {Kl§fpsSbpw Zi tNÀ¶XmWv.)

AjvShÀKZimamÀKx kÀthjmap¯tam¯ax þ Cu AjvShÀK ZimcoXn

aäv FÃm BbpÀ±mbKWnX k¼Zmbt¯¡mfpw D¯aamWv.

.1. kapZmbmjvShÀ¤w
(34)
_mtem _enjvtTm ehWmKtam kptcm
cmKo apcmcnx inJco{µKmYbm
`utam KtWt{µm eLp `mhXmw kptcm.
tKmIÀ®càm Xp ]pcmWssaYneo.
(35)
cp{Z ]cw Klzcss`chØeo
cmKo _eo `mkzcKoÀ`KmNemx
Kncu hnhkzm³ _ehZznh£bm
iqeo aa {]oXnItcm f {X XoÀ°IrXv.

_mtem _enjvtTm ehWmKtam kptcm

33 332 345 35 72 (cþ43)
cmKo apcmcn inJco{µKmYbm
23 522 522 2 3 7 1 (Nþ36)
`utam KtWt{µm eLp`mhXmw kptcm.
45 352 34 4 4 6 72 (Ipþ49)
tKmIÀ®càm Xp ]pcmWssaYneo
3 1 5 2 6 6 1 2 5 573 (_pþ46)
cp{Z ]cw Klzcss`chØeo
2 2 1 2 34242473 ( Kpþ36)
cmKo _eo `mkzcKoÀ`KmNemx
2 3 3 3 4 4 23 4363 (ipþ40)
Kncu hnhkzm³ _ehZznh£bm
 [572]

32 444 334 44 6 1 (aþ42)

iqeo aa {]oXnItcm{X XoÀ°IrXv.
53 552 6 1 2 2 671 (eþ 45)

DZmlcWPmXI¯nse kapZmbmjvShÀ¤w
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
c 2 3 3 3 3 2 3 4 5 3 5 7 43
N 1 2 3 5 2 2 5 2 2 2 3 7 36
Ip 4 5 3 5 2 3 4 4 4 6 7 2 49
_p 3 3 1 5 2 6 6 1 2 5 5 7 46
Kp 2 4 7 3 2 2 1 2 3 4 2 4 36
ip 2 3 3 3 4 4 2 3 4 3 6 3 40
i 6 1 3 2 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 4 42
e 3 5 5 2 6 1 2 2 6 7 1 5 45
BsI 23 26 28 28 25 24 27 21 29 34 33 39
337
Ignª A²ymb¯n sImSp¯ kÀhmjvShÀ¤hpw ChnsS ]dbp¶
kapZm bmjvShÀ¤hpw X½nepÅ hyXymkw BZyt¯X v{Kl ]chpw
CXp cmin]chp amsW¶XmWv. BZyt¯Xn k]vX {Kl§fpsS _nµp¡Ä
48, 49, 39, 54, 56, 52, 39 F¶ {Ia¯nemsW¦n CXn 43, 36, 49, 46,
36, 40, 42, 45 F¶ {Ia¯nemWv hcp¶Xv.

DZmlcWwþþ
c N Ip _p Kp ip a e BsI
kÀhmjvShÀ¤w
48 49 39 54 56 52 39 þþ 337
kapZmbmjvShÀ¤w
43 36 49 46 36 40 42 45 337

aäp hn[¯n ]dªmÂ, BZyt¯Xv {Kl§Ä¡p X§fnÂ\n¶pw aäp

{Kl§fnÂ\n¶pw Hmtcm cminbnepw In«p¶ _nµp¡fmWv. cmat¯Xv
{Kl§Ä X§Ä¡pw aäp {Kl§Ä¡pw sImSp¡p¶, Hmtcm cminbnepw
hogp¶, _nµp¡fmWv. Cu hyXymksamgn¨m _m¡nsbÃmw H¯p
t]mIpw.

(36)
kÀhIÀa^temt]Xw AjvShÀKIapNytX
 [573]

A\yYm _ehnÚm\w ZpÀtÚbw KpWtZmjPw.

kÀhIÀa^temt]Xw AjvShÀKIapNytX þ FÃm IÀ½^e§fpw kq£va
ambn ImWn¡p¶XmWv AjvSIhÀ¤k{¼Zmbw
A\yYm þ asämcp hn[¯nepw
KpWtZmjPw þ KqWtZmj^e§sf ImWn¡p¶.
_ehnÚm\w þ {Kl_ehpw cmin_ehpw
ZpÀtÚbw þ CXpt]mse Adnbm³ Ignbnà ..
kapZmbmjvShÀ¤^ew

(37)
{Xnwim[nI^em tb kyq cmibkvtX ip`{]Zmx
]©hnwimXv]cw a²yw IjvSw XkvamZ[x ^ew.

{Xnwim[nI^em þ ap¸Xn A[nIw _nµp¡fpÅ.

cmibx ip`{]Zmx þ cminIÄ ip`^e{]ZamWv.
]©hnwimXv]cw a²yw þ Ccp]¯nb©v þ ap¸Xp _nµp¡Ä
a²yaw.
IjvSw XkvamXv A[x ^ew þ Ccp]¯nb©n IpdªmÂIjvS^ew.

(38)
a[ymXv^em[nIw emt` em`mXv £oWXtc hytb
bky hybm[ntI etá t`mKhm\ÀYhm³ `thXv.

a[ymXv ^em[nIw emt` þ ]Xns\m¶mw `mh¯n ]

¯mw`mh¯nt\ ¡mÄ IqSpXÂ _nµp¡Ä DmhpI.
em`mXv £oWXtc hytb þ ]{´mw`mh¯n ]Xns\m¶mw
`mh¯nt\¡mÄ _nµp¡Ä Ipdhmbncn¡pI
bky hybm[ntI etá þ eá¯n ]{´mw `mh¯nt\¡mÄ A[nIw _nµp¡Ä
DmhpI. C§s\ h¶mÂ.
t`mKhm³ AÀYhm³ `thXv þ kpJ§Ä A\p`hn¡p¶h\pw
[\nI\pw BIpw.
(39)
aqÀXymZn hyb`mhm´w ZrjvSzm `mh^em\n ssh
A[ntI tim`\w hnZym²ot\ tZmjw hn\nÀZtiXv.

aqÀXymZn hyb`mh´w ZrjvSzm þeáwapXÂ ]{´mw `mhwhsc.

 [574]

hnebncp¯nbn«v.
A[ntI tim`\w hnZymXv þ _nµp¡Ä IqSpXepÅ `mh§Ä
tim`\ambncn¡psa¶pw.
lot\ tZmjw þ _nµp¡Ä IpdhpÅ `mh§Ä
tZmjIcambncn¡psa¶pw.
`mh^em\n þ `mh^ew.
hn\nÀZtiXv þ \nÀt±in¡Ww.

(40)
jjvTmjvSahybmwkvXyàzm titjtjzh {]Iev]tbXv
t{ijvTcminjp kÀhmWn ip`ImcymWn ImctbXv.

kÀhmWn ip`ImcymWn þ FÃm ip`Imcy§fpw.

jjvTmjvSahybmw Xyàzm þ 6þ8þ12 `mh§Ä Ign¨v.
titjjp þ _m¡nbpÅhbnÂ,
t{ijvT cminjp þ _nµp¡Ä IqSpXepÅcminIfnÂ.
ImctbXv þ sN¿Ww.
(41)
eámXv{]`qXn (1) aµm´taIoIrXy ^em\n ssh
k]vX`nÀKpWtbX v]ÝmXv k]vXhnwilrXmX v^ew.
(1) ]mTt`Zw þ {]`rXn
(42)
XÕam\KtX hÀtj ZpxJw hm tcmKam]v\pbmXv
Ghw aµmZn eám´w `uamcmtlzmkvXYm ^ew.

eámXv{]`qXn aµm´w þ eáwapXÂ i\nhscbpÅ

GIoIrXy ^em\n ssh þ _nµp¡sf Iq«n.
k]vX`nx KpWtbXvv þ GgpsImp s]cp¡n.
k]vXhnwi lrXmXv ^ewþ Ccp]¯ntbgpsImp lcn¡pt¼mÄ
In«p¶ kwJybpsS.
kam\KtX hÀtj þ Xpeyamb hÀj¯nÂ.
ZpxJw hm tcmKw B]v\pbmXvþ ZpJw Asæn tcmKw DmIpw.
Ghw aµmZn eám´w þ C§s\ i\n apXÂ eáwhscbpw
sN¿Ww.
`uam cmtlzm XYm ^ew þ i\nsbs¡ms¶t]mse IpPs\s¡mpw
cmlphns\s¡mspw C§ns\ {Inb sNbvXp Nn´n¡Ww.
 [575]

(43)
ip`{KlmWmw kwtbmKx kam\m_vtZ ip`w `thXv
]p{Xhn¯kpJmZo\n e`tX \m{X kwibx.

ip`{KlmWmw kwtbmKx kam\m_vtZ ip`w `thXvþ C§s\ ip`scs¡mp

{Inb sNbvXp In«p¶Xn\p Xpeyamb hÀj ¯n ip`^eapmIpw.
]p{Xhn¯kpJmZo\n e`tX \m{X kwibx.þ ]p{X³, hn¯w, kpJw F¶nh
e`n¡pw. kwibw th.

(44)
kw{KtlW abm t{]màajvShÀ^ew Xznl
XssÚÀhnkvXcXx t{]màa\y{X ]Sp_p²n`nx.

kw{KtlW abm t{]màw AjvShÀK^ew þ

C§s\ AjvShÀ¤^ew F¶m Npcp¡¯n ]dbs¸«p.
XXv ssÚx hnkvXcXx t{]màw A\y{X ]Sp_p²n`nx þ
Cu hnjbw [njWmimenIfm AhcpsS {KÙ§fn hnkvXcn¨p ]
dbs¸«n«pv.

A²ymbw 25. D]-{K-l§Ä

1. KpfntImZbw 2 AjvSmwikabcoXn 3 AjvSmwikab`mK§fpsS

{Klm[n]Xyw 4 KpfntImZbw 5 Iednse KpfnIImew
 [576]

XpS§nbhbnse Aimkv{XobX (1) KpfnIImew (2.) baIIImew

(3).cmlpImew
2 .KpfnIs\t¸mse DZn¡p¶ aäv D]{Kl§Ä
1.baII³ 2. AÀ²{]lmc³ 3.Ime³
3 .kqcykv^pSw ASnØm\am¡nbpÅ D]{Kl§Ä
1. [qaw 2. hyXo]mXw 3.]cnthjw (]cn[n)
4. C{µ[\pÊv 5.D]tIXp
4 amµn ]{´p `mh§fn \n¶mepÅ ^ew
amµn aäp {Kl§fpsS IqsS \n¶mepÅ ^ew
5 D]{Kl§fpsS KpWtZmj^e§Ä
6 [qamZn D]{Kl^ew
7 ^eZm\kabw
8 D]tIXp eáw XpS§nb ]{´p `mh§fn \n¶mepÅ ^ew.

(1)
v \aman amµnw baIImJyþ
aÀ²{]lmcw `phn ImekwÚw
[qahyXo]mX]cn[r`nJymþ
\p]{Klm\n{µ[\pÝ tIXq³.

amµnw þ amµn AYhm KpfnI³

baIImJyw þ baII³
AÀ²{]lmc þ AÀ²{]lc³
ImekwÚw þ Ime³
[qa hyXo]mX ]cn[r`nJym³þ [qaw, hyXo]mXw, ]cn[n
C{µ[\pÝ tIXq³ þ C{µ[\pÊv, (D])tIXp (F¶o)
D]{Klm\n þ D]{Kl§sf
\aman þ Rm³ \akvIcn¡p¶p

{Klw D]{Klw
1. kqcy³ Ime
2. N{µ³ ]cn[n (]cnthjw)
3. IpP³ [qa
4. _p[³ AÀ²{]lmc
 [577]

5. Kpcp baII
6. ip{I³ C{µNm]w (C{µ[\pÊv, tImZÞ)
7. i\n KpfnI³ (amµn)
8. cmlp hyXo]mXw (]mX)
9. tIXp D]tIXp (inJn)

Cu D]{Kl§Ä H¶n\pwXs¶ imkv{XZrjvSym AkvXnXzanÃ.

cmlp tIXpIÄ¡v AhImis¸Smhp¶ \ngensâ ASnØm\w t]mepanÃ.
hmkvXhsa´msW¶psh¨m Ch GXm\pw KWnX^e §Ä am{XamWv.
CXn KpfnI³, baII³, AÀ²{]lmc³, Ime³ F¶nhsb AjvSmwi kabcoXn
A\pkcn¨pw [qaw, hyXo]mXw, ]cn[n, C{µNm]w, D]tIXp F¶nhsb
kqcykv^pSw ASnØm\am¡nbpamWv KWns¨Sp¡p¶Xv.
HcpImcywIqSn. AjvSmwicoXnbn kqcysâ kab ¯mWv
DZn¡p¶sX¦n ¡qSn ^eZm\hnjb¯n Ime³ cmlphns\ t¸msebmWv.

(2)
Ncw cp{ZZmkyw LSw \nXyXm\w
J\nÀamµn\mVyx {ItaWmÀ¡hmcmÂ
AlÀ½m\hr²n£bu X{X Imcyu
\nimbmw Xp hmtcizcmXv ]©amZymx.
amµn (KpfnI³)
KpfntImZbw
Ncw cp{Z Zmkyw LSw \nXy Xm\w J\nx
62 22 81 41 01 60 20 AXmbXv
26 22 18 14 10 6 2
Cu \mgnI {Ia¯nÂ
amµn\mVyx {ItaW AÀ¡hmcm þ amµnbpsS AYhm
KpfnIsâ RmbdmgvN apXÂ GgpZnhk§fnsebpw DZbw.
AlÀ½m\hr²n£bu X{X Imcyu - þ (KpfntImZbw IW¡m¡pt¼mÄ)
Zn\am\¯nsâ Gä¡pd¨nepIÄ IqSn ]cnKWn¡Ww.
\nimbmw Xp hmtcizcmXv ]©amZymx þ ]Iet¯Xnsâ
A©mas¯ Znhkt¯Xmbncn¡pw. cm{Xnbnse KpfntImZbw

AjvSmwikabcoXn
kqcy³ apXemb k]vX{Kl§Ä¡p kabw ]¦psh¨p \ÂIp¶ Hcp
coXnbmWnXv. 60 \mgnI ssZÀLyapÅ Hcp Znhks¯ BZyw ]IÂkab
 [578]

sa¶pw cm{Xnkabsa¶pw cmbn hn`Pn¡p¶p. ]n¶oSv Hmtcm

`mKt¯bpw F«mbn `mKn¡p¶p. kqcy³, N{µ³, IpP³, _p[³, Kpcp, ip{I³,
i\n F¶ {Ia¯n Hmtcm `mKhpw k]vX{Kl§fptSXmWv. F«mas¯
`mKw A\mYamWv. (NneÀ CXv F«mas¯ {Klamb
cmlphn\p \ÂIp¶papv. AXmWv cmlpImew.)

]IÂ kqtcymZb¯nÂ\n¶pw Bcw`n¡p¶p. ]Iensâ BZy`mKw

hmcm[n]tâXmWv. AXpt]mse cm{Xn kqcym kvXa\¯n \n¶pw
Bcw`n¡p¶p. BZy`mKw A©mw hmcm[n]âXpw. DZmlcW ¯n\v,
i\nbmgvN ]I i\n bn \n¶pw cm{Xn _p[\nÂ\n¶pw XpS§p¶p.
(kuIcy¯n\pthn C§s\bpÅ kab`mK§Ä¡p aqÀ¯nXzw k¦Â¸n¨v Hmtcm
t]cp sImSp¯XmWv Cu D]{Kl\ma§Ä.)
AjvSmwi kab`mK§fpsS {Klm[n]Xyw
`mKw 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
\mgnI 2 6 10 14 18 22 26 30
RmbÀ c N Ip _p Kp ip a -þ
Xn¦Ä N Ip _p Kp ip a c þ
sNmÆ Ip _p Kp ip a c N
_p[³ _p Kp ip a c N Ip
hymgw Kp ip a c N Ip
_p
shÅn ip a c N Ip _p Kp
i\n a c N Ip _p Kp ip

i\nbmgvN ]IÂ KpfntImZbw. þ a

i\nbmgvN cm{Xn KpfntImZbw.
(A©mwhmcm[n]³) þ _p
AjvSmwi¯n i\nbpsS kab`mKamWv KpfnI\p hcpI.

KpfntImZbw : ]IÂ / cm{Xn

KpfntImZb\mgnI
]IÂ cm{Xn
RmbÀ 26 10
Xn¦Ä 22 6
sNmÆ 18 2
_p[³ 14 26
 [579]

hymgw 10 22
shÅn 6 18
i\n 2 14

KWnXw
DZmlcWw þ KpfntImZbw i\nbmgN ]IÂ. ]Iensâ \ofw ]{´p
aWn¡qdmsW¶p IcpXpI. ]Iens\ F«p sImp lcn¨p F«p `mKam¡pI. Hcp
`mKw H¶c aWn¡qÀ hcpw. BZys¯ `mKw hmcm[n]\mWv.
i\nbmgvNbmbXn\m ChnsS AXp i\n¡mWv. ASp¯Xv RmbdmgvN
bpsS {Klw kqcy\v. ]ns¶ Xn¦ fmgvNbpsS {Klw N{µ\v. Cu {Ia¯nÂ
Xs¶ aäpÅhbpw. F«mas¯ `mKw iq\yw.

Iednse KpfnIImew
XpS§nbhbnse Aimkv{XobX

IeÀ t\m¡nbm i\nbmgvNIfn aq¶pXcw kab§Ä ImWmw.

1. cmlpImew 9 þ 10.30
2. KpfnIImew 6 þ 7.30
3. baIIImew 1.30 þ 3.
CsX§ns\bmWp hcp¶sX¶p t\m¡mw.

Zn\am\w 30 \mgnI (12 aWn¡qÀ) BsW¦n F«p `mK§fpsSbpw

ssZÀLyw
`mKw 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
30þ4 4þ8 8þ12 12þ16 16þ20 20þ24 24þ28 28þ2
(\mgnI)
D]{Kl§fpsS DZb\mgnI AYhm AjvSmwi¯nsâ a²y`mKwþþ2
6 10 14 18 22 26 30 4
aWn¡qdnemIpt¼mÄ 1 `mKw H¶c aWn¡qÀ
DZbw 6 aWn¡mIpt¼mÄþþ
i\nbmgvN Hmtcm kab`mKhpw Bcw`n¡p¶Xvþþ
6 AM 7.30 AM 9AM 10.30AM 12AM 1.30PM 3 PM
4.30 PM
 [580]

A[n]À a c N Ip _p Kp ip þþ
-þ
i\nbmgvN BZy`mKw i\n¡v AYhm i\nbpsS D]{Klamb KpfnI\v.
AXpsImv i\nbmgvN ]Iense KpfnIImew 6 AM … 7.30 AM
baIIImew
AXpt]mse i\nbmgvNbnse Bdmas¯ `mKw hymg ¯nsâ AYhm hymg
¯nsâ D]{Klamb baIItâXmWv. A§s\ A¶p 1.30 apXÂ 3 hsc baI-
IImeambn.

cmlpImew
iq\yw hcp¶ F«mas¯ `mKw F«mas¯ {Klamb cmlphn\p sImSp¯mÂ
cmlpImeambn. F¶m Iednse coXn CXÃ.

BgvN coXn 1 coXn 2RmbÀ

8þmas¯ `mKw8þmas¯ `mKw
Xn¦Ä 7 ,, 2 ,,
sNmÆ 6 ,, 7 ,,
_p[³ 5 ,, 5 ,,
hymgw 4 ,, 6 ,,
shÅn 3 ,, 4 ,,
i\n 2 ,, 3 ,,
cmas¯ coXn ]ctZinbmWv. AXmWv Iedn sImSp¡p¶Xv.
CXp{]ImcamWv i\nbmgvN 9 apXÂ 10.30 hsc cmlpImew
hcp¶Xpw.

`mcXob tPymXnj¯nsâ ASnØm\{KÙamb tlmcmimkv{X

¯n A]qÀhambmWv cmlp {]Xy£s¸Sp¶XpXs¶. AXpw Hcp kl\Ssâ
tdmfn am{Xw. Xs¶bÃ, 6 aWn¡v DZbw hcpI hncen F®mhp¶
Znhk §fn am{XamWpXm\pw. Npcp¡¯n Iednse 6 aWn¡v DZbw
ASn Øm\am¡nbpÅ cmlpImew Akw_ÔamWv.
 [581]

KpfnIs\t¸mse DZn¡p¶ aäv D]{Kl§Ä

(Ch cm{Xnbpw ]Iepw IrXykab§fn DZn¡p¶p.)

(3)
Znhym LSo \nXyX\px J\o\mw
Nt{µ cpcpx kymZyaIIky
AÀ²{]lmcky `Sm \tS\
kvX\u J\o N{µJcu PbÚx.

baII³
baIIky þ baIIsâ DZb\mgnIIÄ
RmbÀ Xn¦Ä sNmÆ _p[³ hymgw shÅn
i\n ({Ia¯nÂ)
Znhym LSo \nXy X\px J\o\mwNt{µ cpcp

81 41 01 60 20 62 22 AXmbXv
18 14 10 6 2 26 22

AÀ²{]lmc³
AÀ²{]lmcsâ DZb\mgnIIÄ
RmbÀ Xn¦Ä sNmÆ _p[³ hymgw shÅn i\n
{Ia¯nÂ
`Sm \tS\ X\u J\o N{µ Jcu Pb
41 01 60 20 62 22 81 AXmbXv
14 10 6 2 26 22 18

(4)
Imeky t^\w Xcpcp{ZZnhyw
htµym \SkvssXc\p kqcyhmcmXv
Gjmw kaw amµnhtZhX¯þ
¶mVym kv^pSw eáhZ{X km²yw.
Ime³
Imeky þ Ime³ F¶ D]{Kl¯nsâ DZbw
t^\w Xcp cp{Z Znhyw htµym \S tX
 [582]

20 62 22 81 41 01 6 AXmbXv
2 26 22 18 14 10 6 Cu {Ia¯nÂ
RmbÀ Xn¦Ä sNmÆ _p[³ hymgw shÅn i\n Znhk§fnÂ
\nimbmw Xp hmtcizcmXv ]©amZym F¶ \nbaw Chbv¡pw
_m[IamWv.

kv^pSw ImWp¶ coXn

DZmlcWw i\nbmgvN cm{Xn P\\w. CShamkw
DZbw 6þ03. AkvXa\w 6þ46. Øew XriqÀ.
CShamkambXn\m Zn\am\w IqSpXepw cm{Xn
Ipdhpambncn¡pw. aWn an\näv
AkvXa\w 6þ46 PM AYhm 18 46
DZbw 6 03
]Iensâ \ofw 12 43
]I IqSpXepÅ kabw (43 an\näv) cm{Xnbn Ipdbpw.
ASp¯ DZbw 6þ03 AYhm 18 03
AkvXa\w 6 48
cm{XnbpsS ssZÀLyw 11 17
11 aWn¡qÀ 17 an\näv F¶p ]dªm 677 an\näv. CXns\ F«psImp
lcn¡p t¼mÄ 84 an\näpw Ipd¨p sk¡âpw AXmbXv 1 aWn¡qÀ 24
an\näp hcpw. \½psS P\\w i\nbmgvNbmbXn\m A©mas¯
hmcm[n]³ AXmbXv _p[â kabamWv BZyw hcpI.

1) i\nbmgvN cm{Xn BZykab`mKw 6þ46 + 1þ24 = 8þ10 hsc.

{Klw _p[³. (]Iensâ, i\nbmgvNbpsS, A©mwhmc¯nsâ, _p[\mgvN
bpsS A[n]³). _p[sâ D]{Klw AÀ²{]lmc³. 6-þ-46sâ eáw ImWpI..
hrÝnIw In«pw. hrÝnIcminbnembncn¡pw At¸mÄ AÀ²{]lmcsâ
ØnXn.

2) cmas¯ kab`mKw 8þ10 + 1þ24= 9.34 hsc. _p[³ Ignªm ASp¯

{Klw Kpcp. Kpcphnsâ D]{Klw baII³. 8þ10sâ eáw [\p. baIIØnXn
[\phnÂ.

3) aq¶mas¯ kab`mKw 9þ34 + 1þ24 = 10þ58 hsc.

{Klw ip{I³ (ip{Isâ D]{Klw [qamZn ]©kv^pS¯nemWp hcp¶Xv.)
 [583]

4) \memas¯ kab`mKw 10þ58 + 1þ24 = 12 þ22 hsc. {Klw i\n.

D]{Klw KpfnI³. 10þ58sâ eáw aIcw. KpfnI³ aIc¯nÂ.

5) A©mas¯ kab`mKw 12 þ22 + 1þ24 = 1.46 hsc. {Klw chn.

D]{Klw Ime³. 12þ22sâ eáw Ipw`w. Ime³ Ipw`¯nÂ.

amµnbpw KpfnI\pw
^eZo]nIbn amµnbpw KpfnI\pw H¶mWv. {Klsa¶
\nebv¡p \nehnepÅ kv^pSwsh¨p {Inb sN¿pt¼mÄ DzmlcWPmX
I¯nse amµnkv^pSw Ip`w 15þ45 BWp In«pI. F¶m D]{Klsa¶
\nebv¡p i\nbpsS AjvSmwi kabw sh¨p IW¡p sN¿pt¼mÄ CXp
aIc¯n hcpw.

(5)
[qtam thZKrsslkv{XtbmZi`nþ
c]ywssiÊtatX chu
kym¯kvan³ hyXn]mXtIm hnKfntX
N{ImZYmkvan\yptX
jUv`nÀss`x ]cnthj C{µ[\pcnþ
Xykvan³ NyptX aÞemþ
ZXyjvSywibptX f {X tIXpcY
Xss{XIÀ£bptàm chnx.

kqcykv^pSw ASnØm\am¡nbpÅ D]{Kl§Ä

_m¡nbpÅ A©v D]{KlfpsS tcJmwiw ([qamZn ]©kv^pSw) ImWp¶
coXnbmWv Cu tÇmI¯n ]dbp¶Xv.

1. [qaw
thZKrssl þ 4 cmin
{XtbmZi`n A]n Awssi þ 13 `mK (20 Iebpw)
ktatX chu þ IqSnb kqcy³ (kqcykv^pSw)
[qtam þ [qakv^pSw BIp¶p.

DZmlcWw
kqcykv^pSw 1þ25þ31 = 55þ31
+ 4þ13þ20 133þ20
 [584]

6þ8þ51 188þ51
([qaw Xpem¯nÂ)
2. hyXo]mXw
Xkvan³ hyXn]mXtIm hnKfntX N{ImXv þ
AXns\ N{I¯n (12 cmin / 360 Un{KnbnÂ)\n¶pw Ipd¨mÂ
hyXo]mXw.
DZmlcWw
360 þ 188þ51 = 171þ9 (hyXo]mXw I¶nbnÂ)

3. ]cnthjw (]cn[n)
Xkvan³ bptX jUv`nÀss`x ]cnthj þ
hyXn]mXt¯mSv 6 cmin Iq«nbm ]cnthjw (]cn[n)
DZmlcWw
171þ9 + 180 = 351þ9 (]cnthjw ao\¯nÂ)

4. C{µ[\pÊv
C{µ[\px CXn Akvan³ NyptX aÞemXv þ AXns\ 12 cminbn \n¶pw
Ipd¨m C{µ[\pÊv
DZmlcWw
360 þþ 351þ9 = 8þ51 (C{µNm]w taS¯nÂ)
5. D]tIXp
AXyjvSywibptX A{X tIXp AY þ
AXnt\mSp 17 `mKIÄ (16þ40 IrXyw) tNÀ¯m D]tIXp (5)
DZmlcWw
8þ51 + 16þ40 = 25þ31 = D]tIXp taS¯nÂ

X{X GIÀ£ bptàm chnx þ

AXnt\mSv Hcp cmin tNÀ¯m kqcy³
DZmlcWw
25þ31 + 30 = 55þ31. = kqcy³ CSh¯nÂ

(6)
`mhm[ymtb ]qÀhtah abm t{]màw kap¨bw
apàm\mw b¯tZhm{X hmNyw `mh^ew ZrVw.
 [585]

{Kl§Ä `mh§fn \n¶mepÅ ^ew ap¼v `mhm²ymb¯nÂ,

hnhcn¨n«pv. D]{Kl§Ä¡pw AX\pkcn¨p ]dbmw. AXmbXvþþ
{Kl§fpw D]{Kl§fpw
i\n þ KpfnI³
hymgw þ baII³
_p[³ þ AÀ²{]lc³
cmlp þ Ime³

(7)
XYm]n KpfnImZo\mw hntitjm f {X \nKZytX
]qÀhmNmsscyÀbZmJymXw XÕwKrly atbmZnXw.

F¶ncp¶mepw, KpfnI³ apXembhbpsS hntij ^e§Ä ]

qÀhmNmcy·mcmÂ, ]dbs¸«Xv Rm³ Npcp¡n hnhcn¡mw.

(1) amµn ]{´p `mh§fn \n¶mepÅ ^ew

tNmcx {Iqtcm hn\-b-c-lntXm thZ-im-kv{XmÀ°-lot\m

\mXn-Øqtem \b-\-hn-IrtXm \mXn[oÀ¶-mXn-]p{Xx
(1)\mÂ]m-lmco kpJ-hn-c-lntXm e¼tSm \mXn-Poho

iptcm \ kymZ]n PU-aXnx tIm]t\m amµn -e-tá.

(1) ]mT-t`Zw þ
\m¸m-lmco \ t`mKo _lp-hn-j-b-]tcm \mXn-Poho \ iqtcm
t\mhn-Zzm³ \nXy-tIm]o Ie-l-Ir-Z-\niw aµ-]pt{X hne-tá (sImÃw)
1. amµn eá¯nÂ
aµ-]pt{X hne-tá þ amµn eá-¯n \n¶mÂ
tNmcx þ Ių,
{Iqtcm þ {Iqc³,
hn\-b-c-lntXm þ hn\-b-an-Ãm-¯h³,
thZ-im-kv{XmÀ°-lot\m þ thZhpw im-kv{XmÀ°-§fpw ]Tn-¡m-¯-h³,
\ AXn-Øqtem þ A[nIw XSn-bn-Ãm-¯-h³,
\b-\- hn-Ir-Xnx þ t\{X-ssh-Ieyw,
\ A-Xn-[ox þ A[nIw _p²n-bn-Ãm-¯-h³,
\ A-Xn-]p{Xx þ A[nIw a¡-fn-Ãm-¯-h³,
\ A¸m-lmco þ Ipd-¨p-am{Xw `£Ww Ign-¡p-¶-h-\-Ã,
\ t`mKo þ kpJ-t`m-K-§Ä¡p `mKy-an-Ãm-¯-h³,
 [586]

_lp-hn-j-b-]tcm þ hfsc hnjb (kp-J) X¸-c³,

\ AXn-Poho þ A[nIw Pohn-¡m-¯-h³ (A¸m-bp-Êv),
\ iqtcm þ iqc-\-Ãm-¯-h³,
\ hn-Zzm³ þ A¸-Ú³,
\nXy-tIm]o þ Øncw ipWvTn¡m-c³,
Ie-l-Ir-Xv A-\niw þ Ft¸mgpw hg-¡p-m-¡p-¶-h³.

(9)
\ NmSp-hmIyw Ie-lmbamt\m
\ hn¯-[m-\yw ]c-tZ-i-hmko
\ hmM v\ kq£vamÀ°-hn-hmZ-hmtIym
Znt\-i-]ut{X [\-cmin kwtØ.

2. amµn cnÂ
Znt\-i-]ut{X [\-cmin kwtØ þ amµn cn \n¶mÂ,
\ NmSp-hmIyw þ hmIvkm-aÀ°y-an-Ãm-¯-h³,
Ie-lmbamt\m þ hg-¡mfn,
\ hn¯-[m-\yw þ [\hpw [m\yhpw CÃm-¯-h³,
]c-tZ-i-hmko þ A\y-\m-«n Pohn-¡m³ hn[n-¡-s¸-«-h³,
\ hmMv þ \ncÀ°-hmZn
(hm-¡p-]m-en-¡m-¯-h³ F¶pw ImWp-¶p.),
\ kq£vamÀ° -hn-hm-Z- hmtIym þ kq£vamÀ°w a\-Ên-em-¡msX
hmZ-{]-Xn-hm-Z-¯n\p apXn-cp-¶-h³. (shdpsX XÀ¡n¡p¶h³)

(10)
hnc-l-KÀh-a-Zm-Zn- K(Kp)ssWÀbpX
{]Np-c-tIm-]-[-\mÀÖ-\-kw-{`ax
hnK-X-tim-I-`-bÝ hntkm-Ztcm
Kpfn-I-\m-a\n tkmZ-c-kw-Øn-tX.(1)
(1) ]mTt`Zw þ kl-P-[m-a\n aµ-kptXm bZm.

3. amµn aq¶nÂ
Kpfn-I-\m-a\n tkmZ-c- kw-Øn-tX þ amµn aq¶n \n¶mÂ,
hnc-l -KÀh- a-Zm-Zn- KpssWx bpX þ KÀhw, aZw XpS-§n-b-
 [587]

hbpÅh³,
{]Np-c-tIm-]- þ henb tZzjy-¡m-c³,
[-\mÀÖ-\-kw-{`ax þ ]W-ap-m-¡³ ]mSp-s]-Sp-
¶-h³,
hnK-X- tim-I- `-bx N þ ZpJhpw `b-hp-an-Ãm-¯-
h³,
hntkm-Ztcm þ ktlm-Z-c-·m-cn-Ãm-¯-h³.

(11)
kplrZn i\n-kptX kymXv _Ôp-bm-\mÀ°-lo-\þ
Ýe-a-Xn-c-h-_p-²nÀ¶m¸-Poho (1) \ ]p{Xx
_lp-cn-]p-K-W-l´m `qX-hn-Zym-hn-t\mZo
cn]p-KX KpfntI kt{i-jvT-]p-{X-Êp-iq-cx.
(1) ]mTt`Zw : kz¸-Poho

4. amµn \menÂ
kplrZn i\n-kpX kymXv þ amµn \men \n¶mÂ,
_Ôp- bm-\ AÀ°- lo-\ þ _Ôp-¡Ä, hml-\-§Ä
F¶nh CÃm-¯-h-\m-Ipw.,
5. amµn A©nÂ
]pt{X þ amµn A©n \n¶mÂ,
Ne-a-Xnx- þ a\Êv Dd¨p \n¡-m¯-h³,
A-h-_p-²nx þ ZpÀºp²n,
A¸-Poho þ A¸m-bpÊv
\ ]p{Xx þ ]p{X-`mKyw CÃm-¯-h³,

6. amµn BdnÂ
cn]p-KX KpfntI þ amµn Bdn \n¶mÂ,
_lp -cn-]p- K-W-l´m i{Xp-K-Ws¯ \in-¸n-¡p-¶-h³,
`qX-hn-Zym-hn-t\mZo þ `qXhn-Zy-bn (PmehnZybnÂ)
ckn¡p-¶-h³.
kt{i-jvT- ]p-{X- þ t{ijvT-cmb ]p{X-tcmSp-Iq-Sn-b-h³,
kp-iq-cx þ iucy-ap-Å-h³.
 [588]

(12)
If-{X-kwtØ KpfntI Ielo _lp-`m-cyIx
temI-tZzjo IrX-Lv\Ý kz¸Úx kz¸-tIm-]-\x.

7. amµn GgnÂ
If-{X-kwtØ KpfntI þ amµn Ggn \n¶mÂ,
Ielo þ hg-¡mfn,
_lp-`m-cyIx þ _lp-`m-cyXzw,
temI-tZzjo þ temIs¯ shdp-¡p-¶-h³,
IrX-Lv\ þ \µn-sI-«-h³,
kz¸Úx þ A¸-Úm\n,
kz¸-tIm-]-\x þ \nÊmcImcy§fnÂt¸mepw
tIm]n¡p¶-h³
(13)
hnI-e-\-b-\-ht{àm {lkz-tZ-tlm- f jvS-atØ
Kpcp-kp-X-hn-bptXm f `q²À½-kwtØ f À¡]p-t{X. (1)
\ ip-`-Z-^-e-IÀ½m(2) IÀ½-kwtØ hnZm-\#x
kpJ-kp-X-a-Xn-tXPx Im´n-am³ em`-kw-tØ.
]mT-t`Zw
(1) Kpcp-kp-X-hn-bp-XÊym²À½-kwtØ hnjmtJy
(2) Aip-`-Z-^-e-IÀ½m

8. amµn F«nÂ
AjvS-atØ þ amµn F«n \n¶mÂ,
hnI-e- \-b-\- ht{àm þ hnI-e-amb (hn-cq-]-am-b) I®pIfpw
apJhpw,
{lkz- tZ-tlm- þ \ofw Ipdª tZlw (D-b-c-an-Ãm-¯-h³),

9. amµn H¼-XnÂ
[À½-kwtØ hnjmtJy þ amµn H¼-Xn \n¶mÂ,
Kpcp- kp-X -hn-bp-X kymXv þ Kpcp, ]p{X³ Ch CÃm-¯-h³,

10. amµn ]¯nÂ

IÀ½-kwtØ hnjmtJy þ amµn IÀ½-¯n (]-¯nÂ) \n¶mÂ,
Aip-`-Z-^-e-IÀ½m þ Aip`-IÀ½-§sf sN¿p-¶-h³,
hnZm-\ þ Zm\IÀ½w sN¿m-¯-h³,
 [589]

11. amµn ]Xns\m¶nÂ

em`-kw-tØ þ amµn em`-¯n \n¶mÂ,
kpJ -kp-X -a-Xn- tXPmx Im´n-am³ þ kpJw, kpX³, _p²n, tXPÊv,
tZ-l-Im-´n Ch-bp-m-Ipw.
(14)
hnj-b-(hn)c-lntXm Zot\m _lp-hybx
kymZvhytb Kpfn-I-kwtØ
Kpfn-I-{Xn-tIm-Wt` hm
P· {_qbm-¶-hmwti hm.

12. amµn ]{´-nÂ

hytb Kpfn-I-kwtØ þ amµn ]{´-n \n¶mÂ,
hnj-b-c-lntXm þ hnjbw (kp-J-t`m-Kw) CÃm-¯-h³,
Zot\m þ Zo\³,
_lp-hybx kymXv -þ hfsc Nnehp sN¿p-¶-h³ BIpw.

KpfnIs\s¡mv P-\-\-k-abw
IrXy-am-¡m-\p-Å -\nbaw.

Kpfn-I-{Xn-tIm-Wt` hm P· {_qbm-¶-hmwti hm þ Kpfn-I³ \n¡p¶

cmin-bpsS {XntIm-W-¯ntem Kpfn-I³ \n¡p¶ \hmw-i-¯ntem Bbn-
cn¡pw P\-\w. (P-\-\-k-abw IrXy-am-¡m-\p-Å-XmWv Cu \nbaw)

amµn aäp {Kl§fpsS IqsS \n¶mepÅ ^ew

(15)
chn-bptà ]nXr-l´m amXr-t¢io \nim-]-kw-bptà
{`mXr-hn-tbm-K-Ê-IptP _p[-bptà aµtP N tkm·m-Zo.

chn-bptà ]nXr-l´m þ amµn chn-tbm-Sp-IqSn \n¶m ]nXracWw,

amXr-t¢io \nim-]-kw-bptà þ N{µ-t\m-Sp-IqSn \n¶m amXr-t¢iw,
{`mXr-hn-tbm-K-Ê-IptP þ IpP-t\m-Sp-IqSn \n¶m ktlm-Z-c-hn-
tbmKw,
_p[-bptà aµtP N tkm·m-Zo þ _p[-t\m-Sp-IqSn \n¶m D·m-Z-ap-Å-
h³ (am-\-kn-I-tcm-K-ap-Å-h³).
 [590]

(16)
Kpcp-bptà ]mjmWvUo Ihn-bptà \oN-Im-an-\o-kwKx
i\n-bptà i\n-]pt{X IpjvT-hym-[o-bp-XÝ tkm f ¸m-bpx.

i\n-]pt{X Kpcp-bptà ]mjmWvUo þ

amµn hymg¯nsâ IqsS \n¶m \nco-iz-c-hmZn,
Ihn-bptà -\oN-Im-an-\o-kwKx þ
ip{Isâ IqsS \n¶m \oN-kv{Xo-I-fp-ambn _Ôw.,
i\n-bptà IpjvT-hym-[o-bp-Xx N AÂ]m-bpx. þ
i\n-bpsS IqsS \n¶m IpjvT-tcm-Kw, A¸m-bp-Êv.

(17)
hnj-tcmKo cmlp-bptX
inJn-bptà hÓn-]o-UntXm amµu
Kpfn-I-Xym-Py-bp-X-tÝþ
¯kvan³ PmtXm \rt]m f ]n `n£mio.

amµu hnj-tcmKo cmlp-bptX þ cmlp-hn-sâ-IqsS \n¶m hnj-tcmKn,

inJn-bptà hÓn-]o-UntXm þ tIXp-hn-sâ-IqsS \n¶m Aán-`-bw.,
Kpfn-I -Xym-Py- bp-X- tNXv Xkvan³ PmtXm \rt]m A]n `n£mio þ
Kpfn-I³ XymPy-t¯m-Sp-IqSn \n¶mÂ,cmPm-hm-bn P\n-¨m-
epw,]n¨sXpw F¶p Npcp-¡w. (XymPyw þ XymP-K-W-§fpw
XymPy-ap-lqÀ¯-§fpap-v. AXv ChnsS hnh-cn¡m³ Øe-]-cn-anXn
A\p-h-Zn-¡p-¶n-Ã.)

(18)
Kpfn-Iky Xp kwtbmtK tZmjm³ kÀh{X \nÀ±n-ti-Xv
baIIkwtbmtK kÀh{X IYtbÑp`w.

Kpfn-I³ GXp {Kl-¯nsâ IqsS \n¶mepw GXp `mh-

¯n \n¶mepw tZmj-^-e-am-bn-cn-¡pw XcpI. KpfnI\p ]Icw baII\m
sW¦n ip`^eambncn¡pw.

(19)
tZmj{]Zmt\ KpfntIm _eobm³
ip`{]Zmt\ baIIx kymXv
 [591]

At\y N kÀth hyk\{]Zmt\

amµypàhocymÀ²_em\znXmx kypx.

D]{Kl§fpsS KpWtZmj^e§Ä
tZmj{]Zmt\ KpfntIm _eobm³ þ tZmj^ew sImSp¡p¶XnÂ
KpfnI\mWv ap¼³
ip`{]Zmt\ baIIkymXv þ ip`^ew \ÂIp¶XnÂ
baII\pw.
At\y N kÀth hyk\{]Zmt\ þ aäpÅh (AÀ²{]lc\pw Ime\pw) hyk\w
sImSp¡p¶hbmWv. ; F¦nepw
amµypà hocymÀ² _em\znXmx kypx. Þ
tZmjiàn amµn¡p (KpfnI\p) ]dªXnsâ ]IpXntb Chbv¡pÅq.

(20)
i\nhZvKpfntI t{]màw KpcphZyaItI
AÀ²{]lmtc _p[hXv ^ew Imte Xp cmlphXv.

i\nhXv KpfntI t{]màw þ amµn i\nsbt¸msebpw,

KpcphXv baII þ baII³ Kpcphns\t¸msebpw,
AÀ²{]lmtc _p[hXv þ AÀ²{]lmc³ _p[s\t¸msebpw,
Imte Xp cmlphXv þ Ime³ cmlphns\t¸msebpw,
^ew þ ^ew (\ÂIp¶p).

(21)
ImekvXp cmlpÀKpfnIÝ arXypÀþ
PohmXpIx kymZyaItIm f ]n
AÀ²{]lmcx ip`Zx ip`m¦þ
bptàm f \yYm tNZip`w hnZ[ymXv.

ImekvXp cmlpx þ Ime³ cmlphns\t¸msebpw,

KpfnIkvXp arXyp þ KpfnI³ acWhpw,
PohmXpIx kymXv baII A]n þ
baII³ arXkRvPoh\nbmbpw, ^ew \ÂIp¶p .
AÀ²{]lmcx ip`Zx ip`m¦bpà þ
 [592]

AÀ²{]lmc³ (_p[s\t¸mse) ip`tcmSp tNÀ¶m ip`^ew,

A\yYm tNXv Aip`w hnZ[ymXv þ
Aip`tcmSp tNÀ¶m Aip`hpw ^ew.
ip`m¦bpà³ F¶p ]dªm ip`_nµp¡tfmSpIqSnbh³ F¶mWv AÀ°w.
_p[s\t¸msebmbXn\m `mhmÀ°w sImSp¯p.

6 [qamZn D]{Kl^ew

(22)
BßmZtbm f [nss]Àbpàm [qamZn{KlkwbpXmx
tX `mh\miXmw bm´n hZXoXn ]cmicx.

BßmZb A[nss] bpàm [qamZn{KlkwbpXm þ eáw XpS§nb

`mh§fpsS \mY·mÀ¡p [qamZn D]{Kl_Ôw h¶mÂ,
tX `mh\miXmw bm´n þ Ah `mh\miw sN¿pw
hZXoXn ]cmicx þ F¶p ]cmic³.

(23)
[qta k´XapjvWw kymZán`oXnÀat\mhyYm
hyXo]mtX arK`bw (1) NXpjv]m·cWw Xp hm.
(1) ]mTt`Zw þ arXn`bw

1. [qa^ew
[qta k´Xw DjvWw kymXv Aán`oXn at\mhyYm þ
NqSpsImpÅ hnja§Ä, Aán`bw, at\mZpJw F¶nh [qa^ew,

2.hyXo]mX^ew
hyXo]mtXarK`bw NXpjv]m·cWwþ
arK`btam \m¡menIġp \mitam hyXo]mX^ew

(24)
]cnthtj Pte `ocpÀPetcmK© _Ô\w
C{µNmt] inemLmXx £Xw ikvss{Xc]n NypXnx.

3. ]cnthj^ew
]cnthtj Pte `ocp PetcmKw N _Ô\w þ
 [593]

Pe`bw, PeP\ytcmK§Ä, _Ô\w Ch ]cnthj^ew,

4. C{µNm]^ew
C{µNmt] inemLmXx £Xw ikvss{Xc]n NypXnx
þ IÃpsImpÅ BLmX§Ä, Bbp[§ÄsImpÅ £X§Ä, NypXn (\miw /
A]am\w) Ch C{µNmN^ew.
(25)
tIXu ]X\LmXmZyw Imcy\mtim f it\À`bw
GtX bZv`mhklnXmkvX±imbmw ^ew htZXv.

5. D]tIXp ^ew
tIXu ]X\LmXmZyw Imcy\miw Ait\À`bw
þ hogvN, BLmXw, Imcy\miw, CSnan¶Â`bw Ch D]tIXp^ew,

^eZm\kabw
GtX bXv `mhklnXmx þCu D]{Kl§Ä GsXmcp `mh
\mYsâ IqsSbmtWm \n¡p¶Xv,
X±imbmw ^ew htZXv þ B `mh\mYsâ Zibn ^ew ]dbWw.
D]{Kl§fpsS ^ew Ft¸mÄ A\p`hs¸Spw F¶ tNmZy¯n\pÅ D¯camWv
CXv.

(26)
A¸mbpx IpapJx ]cm{IaKptWm
ZpxJo N \jvSmßPx
{]Xyˡnˣp`ntXm hnio˨aZt\m
ZpÀ½mÀKarXypw KXx
[À½mZn{]XnIqetXm f S\cpNnÀþ
Ãm`m\zntXm tZmjhmþ
\ntXyhw {Iatim hneá`h\mXv
tItXmx ^ew IoÀ¯tbXv.

8 D]tIXp eáw XpS§nb ]{´p `mh§fn \n¶mepÅ ^ew.

`mhw ^ew
1. A¸mbp þ A¸mbpÊv
2. IpapJx þ ZpÀ½pJ³ (sshcq]yapÅ apJw)
3. ]cm{IaKpWo þ ]cm{Ian
 [594]

4. ZpJo þ ZpJnX³
5. \jvSmßPx þ a¡Ä \jvSs¸«h³
6. {]XyÀ°n £p`ntXm þ i{Xp¡tfmSp t£m`w
7. hnioÀ®aZt\m þ \in¨ Imat¯mSpIqSnbh³
8. ZpÀ½mÀKarXypw KXx þ ZÀ½cWw
9. [À½mZn {]XnIqeXm þ A[mÀ½nI³
10. AS\cpNnx þ k©mcn
11. em`m\zntXm þ em`t¯mSpIqSnbh³
12. tZmjhm³ þ tZmjn(tZmjkz`mh§fpÅh³)
CtXyhw {Iatim hneá`h\mXv tItXmx ^ew IoÀ¯tbXv þ C§s\ {Ia¯nÂ
eáwapX¡v D]tIXphnsâ ^ew ]db s¸«ncn¡p¶p

(27)
A{]Imimx k©c´n [qamZymx ]©tJNcmx
IzNnXv IZmNnXv Zriyt´ temtIm]{ZhtlXth.
A{]Imim k©c´n [qamZym ]©tJNcmþ
[qamZn ]©D]{Kl§Ä AZriycmWv,
IzNnXv IZmNnXv Zriyt´ temtIm]{ZhtlXthþ
Ft¸msg¦nepw Ah ZriyamIp¶psh¦n AXp temtIm]{ZhtlXphpamWv.
[qamZnIsf ImWp¶Xp ZpÀ¶nan¯amsW¶p kmcw.

(28, 29)
[qakvXp [qa]Sex ]pÑÀ£anXn tIN\
D¡m]mtXm hyXo]mXx ]cnthjkvXp ZriytX.
temtI {]kn²w b±rjvSw XtZth{µ[\px kvarXw
tIXpÝ [qatIXpx kymXv temtIm]{ZhImcIx.
[qakvXp [qa]Sex þ [qaw ]pI]SeamWv,
]pÑÀ£anXn tIN\ þ hmÂ\£{Xsa¶pw NneÀ ]dbp¶p.
D¡m]mtXm hyXo]mXx þ hyXo]mXw sImÅnao³
hogvNbmWv.
]cnthjkvXp ZriytX þ kqcyN{µ·mcpsS NpäpapÅ {]Imi
hebamb ]cnthjw ZriyamWv.
temtI {]kn²w bXv ZrjvSw þ temI{]kn²ambXpw Zriyhpamb
XXv Gh C{µ[\px kvarXw þ aghnÃmWv C{µNm]w.
tIXpÝ [qatIXpx kymXv temtIm]{ZhImcIx. þ
tIXphpw [qatIXphpw temI¯n\v D]{ZhIcamWv.
 [595]

(PohPme§Ä¡p tZmjIcamWv.)

(30)
KpfnI`h\\mtY tI{µtK hm {XntImtW
_en\n \nPKrlkvtY tkzm¨an{XØntX hm
cYKPXpcKmWmw \mbtIm amcXpteym
alnX]rYpbimÊymt·Zn\oaÞte{µx.
KpfnI`h\\mtY þ KpfnI³ \n¡p¶ cminbpsS A[n]\mb {Klw
_en\n þ _ehm\mbn
tI{µtK hm {XntImtW þtI{µ¯ntem {XntImW¯ntem \n¡pIbpw
\nPKrlkvtY tkzm¨an{XØntX hm þ AXp kzt£{Xw, Xsâ
D¨cmin, an{Xt£{Xw Chbnsem¶mhpIbpw sNbvXmÂ
cY KP XpcKmWmw \mbtIm amcXpteym þ tXcpIÄ, B\IÄ, IpXncIÄ
ChbpsS \mbI\pw ImatZhs\t¸mse kpµc\pw,
alnX]rYpbim kymXv taZn\oaÞte{µx. þ
hÀ²n¨ bi tÊmSpIqSnb cmPmhpambncn¡pw.
KpfnIØnXnbpÅ `mh¯nsâ A[n]\p _eaps¦nÂ, B _e¯n \\pkcn¨p,
cmPtbmKwhsc {]Xo£n¡msa¶p Npcp¡w.

D]{KlkvXpXntbmsS Bcw`n¨v, awKfmiwkItfmsS Ahkm

\n¡p¶psh¶Xv Cu A²ymb¯nsâ Hcp khn tijXbmWv. at{´izc³ Cu
hnjb¯n\v F{Xam{Xw {]m[m\yw sImSp¯ncp¶p sh¶v CXp
ImWn¡p¶p. aplqÀ¯ {KÙ§fn Hfnªpw sXfnªpw InS¶ncp¶ D]{Kl§sf
{Kl§fpsS IqsS tNÀ¯p hmbn¨p ^e{]hN\coXn Ipsd¡qSn IpäaäXm¡n
F¶XmWv CXnsâ bYmÀ° ta·. DZmlcWPmXIw ImWpI. Hä t\m«
¯n \nÀt±mjsa¶p tXm¶p¶ `mh§fpsS \nPØnXn shfns¸Sp¯p ¶XnÂ
D]{KlØnXn hnPbn¨p sh¶pXs¶bmWv A\p`h km£y]{Xw.


 [596]

A²ymbw 26 - Nmc-^ew

hnj-b-hn-hcw
1.tKmNc^eNn´bn N{µeá¯nsâ {]m[m\yw 2 {Kl§fpsS ip`Øm\ §Ä3
ip`Øm\§fpsS th[Øm\§Ä 4 {Kl§Ä Nmc-h-im Hmtcm `mh-¯nepw \n¶m-
epÅ ^ew 5. \£{XtKmNcw 6. Nne {]tXyI^e§Ä 7.AwK\£{X§fpw AhbnÂ
{Kl§Ä \n¶mepÅ ^e§fpw 8 AjvShÀ¤^ew 9 e¯m\£{X§fpw AhbnÂ
{Kl§Ä \n¶mepÅ ^e§fpw 10 th[§Ä¡v kÀÆtXm`{ZN{Ihpw {]amWamIp¶p

PmX-Imepw Nmc-h-imepw
P\-\-k-a-bs¯ cmin-N-{I-¯nsâ Nn{X-amWv PmX-Iw. Ignª
P·mhkm\w _m¡n \n¡p¶ IÀ½¯nÂ, Cu P·w A\p-`-hn¨p XoÀt¡
IÀ½-^-e-¯nsâ þ {]mc-_v[-IÀ½-¯nsâ þ IW-¡mWv CXp ImWn-¡p-I.
(P\-\-k-a-bw-ap-X PmXIw t\m¡p¶ ka-bw-h-sc-bpÅ IÀ½-¯nsâ IW-
¡-dn-bm³ {]iv\w - sImt ]äq.)

PmX-I-{]-Im-c-apÅ Imcy-§Ä Ft¸mÄ A\p-`-h-¯n hcp-sa-¶-

dn-bm³ Zim-]-lm-c^e-§-fpsS IqsS Nmc-^ew IqSn tNÀ¯p Nn´n-¡-
Ww. Nmc^ew F¶p ]d-ªm tKmN-c-{]-Imcw þ {KlKXn-¡-\p-k-cn-
¨v A-h-bpsS Ct¸m-gs¯ ØnXn{]Imcw þ DÅ ^e-am-Wv. AXmbXv,
P· cminbn (P\n¨ IqdnÂ) \n¶pw {Kl§Ä Hmtcm cminbn (`mh
¯nÂ) hcpt¼mgpmIp¶ ^eamWv Nmc^ew AYhm tKmNc^ew.

Cu `qap-Js¯ sam¯w a\p-jy-cm-insb ]{´-m¡n Xncn-¨pÅ hmc-

^ew hyàn-KXZim-]-lm-c-^-e-§-fpambn H¯p-t\m-¡msX Hcp Xocp-
am-\-¯n-epw F¯m³ ]mSn-à F¶ Imcyw {]tXyIw HmÀ¡Ww.

tKmNc^eNn´bnÂ
N{µeá¯nsâ {]m[m\yw
(1)
kÀthjp etá-jz]n kXvkp N{µþ
eáw {][m\w Jep tKmN-tcjp
Xkvam-¯-Zr-£m-Z]n hÀ¯-am-\þ
 [597]

{Ktl-{µ-Nmsscx IY-tbXv ^em\n.

tKmN-tcjp þ tKmN-c-¯nÂ
kÀthjp etá-jp A]n þ FÃm eá-§-fnepw sh¨v
N{µeáw {][m\w Jep þ N{µ-e-á-am-Wv {][m\w.
Xkvam-Xv þ AXp-sImv
XXv E£m-Z]n þ B cmin- (P-\-\-k-a-b¯pN{µ³
\n¡p-¶ cmin) apX¡v
hÀ¯-am-\ þ Ct¸m-gs¯
{Ktl-{µ-Nmsscx þ {Kl\o¡¯n\\pkcn¨v
^em\n þ ^e-§Ä (Nmc-^ew)
IY-tbXv þ ]d-b-Ww.

PmXI¯n N{µ³ \n¡p¶ cminbmWv P·-cmin AYhm N{\eáw.

AhnsS\n¶p thWw Nmc^e¯n\v F®n¯pS§m³.

{Kl§fpsS ip`Øm\§Ä
(2)
kqcym-x j-Sv{Xn-Z-i-Øn-X-kv{XnZijSv þ
k]vXm-ZyX-Ý-{µamx
Poh-kvXz-kvX-X-t]m-Zzn-]-©-a-KtXm
h{ImÀ¡Pu jSv{XnKu
kuaym-j-Svkz-N-Xp˱-im-jvS-a-KXm
kÀth-]yp-]m-´y-ØnXmx
ip{Ix JmkvX-cn-]q³ hnlmb ip`-Zþ
- kvXn-ÜmwiphZvt`mKn-\x.

1.. kqcymx j-Sv {Xn Z-i- þ kqcy³ 6þ3þ10

`mh§fnepw
2.. N-{µamx Xn Zi jSv k]vX BZyK- þ N{µ³ 3þ10þ6þ7þ1 `mh-§-
fnepw,
3.. Poh-x A-kvX X-] Zzn ]-©-a þ hymgw 7-þ-9-þ2þ-5
`mh-§-fnepw,
4,5 h{I AÀ¡Pu jSv {Xn þ IpP\pw i\nbpw 6-þ3
`mh-§fnepw
 [598]

6. kuaym-x j-Sv kz- N-Xp Z-i A-jvS-a þ _p[³ 6þ2þ4þ10þ8 `mh-§-

fnepw,
7. ip{Ix J AkvX cn-]p hnlmbþ ip-{I³ 10þ7þ6 Hgn-¨p-Å-h-bnepw,
AXmb-Xv, 1þ2þ3þ4 þ5þ8þ9þ11þ12 `mh-§-fnepw,
kÀth A]n D]m´ ØnXmx þ FÃm {Kl-§fpw ]-Xn-s\m-¶nepw,
ip`-Z-kvXn þ ip`-^ew \ÂIp-¶p.
ip`Øm\§fpsS th[Øm\§Ä

-(3)
em`-hn-{I-a-Jm-cnjp kpØnXx
tim`t\m \nK-ZntXm Znhm-Icx
tJN-ssc-Êp-X-X-t]m-P-em-´y-ssKþ
hmÀ¡n-`nÀbZn \ hn²ytX XZm.

kqcy³
em` -hn-{I-a J A-cnjp þ 11-þ3-þ10-þ6 `mh-§-fnÂ
kpØnXx Znhm-Icx þ kpØ\mb ZnhmIc³
tim`t\m \nK-ZntXm þ ip-`-^-e-{]-Z-\mWv F¶p
]d-bp¶psh-¦nepw
kp-X X-t]m P-e A´y- þ 5--þ9þ4þ12 `mh-§-fnÂ
tJN-ssc-x hm AÀ¡n-`nx bZnþ i\n-sbm-gn¨pÅ {Kl-§Ä Ds-
¦nÂ
\ hn²ytX XZm þ ^e-an-Ã.

kqcy\p 3þ6-þ10þ11 `mh-§Ä ip`-Øm-\-§fpw 4þ5-þ9-þ12

`mh-§Ä th[-Øm-\-§fpw BsW¶p Npcp-¡w. kqcy\pw i\nbpw X½nÂ
th[-an-Ãm-¯--Xn-\m 4þ5-þ9-þ12 `mh-§-fn i\n \n¶m tZmjanÃ.

(4)
Zyq\-P-·-cn-]p-em-`-J-{XnKþ
Ý{µ-am-Èp-`-^-e-{]-Z-ÊZm
kzmß-Pm-´y-ar-Xn-_-Ôp-[À½-ssKÀþ
hn²ytX \ hn_p-ss[-cyZn {Kssl

N{µ³
 [599]

Zyq\ -P-· -cn-]p -em-` -J -{Xn þ 7þ1þ6þ11þ10þ3 `mh-§-fnÂ

\n¡p¶,
N{µ-am- ip-`-^-e-{]-Zx- kZm þ N{µ³ ip`^e-{]Z-\m-Wv. F¶mÂ
kz Bß-P A´y ar-Xn -_-Ôp- [À½ þ 2þ5þ12þ8þ4þ9 `mh-§-fnÂ,
hn²ytX \ hn_p-ss[x b-Zn {Kssl þ _p[s\m-gn-¨pÅ {Kl§Ä
\n¶m ip`-^-e-an-Ã.
(N{µ³ þ _p[³ th[-an-Ã.)

(5)
hn{I-am-bcn-]pKx IpPx ip`Êym
¯-Zm-´y-kp-X-[À½ssKx JssKx
tN¶ hn² C\-kq-\p-c-]yku
In´p [À½-Lr-Wn\m \ hn²y-tX.

IpP³, i\n
hn{I-a B-b cn-]pK -þ 3þ11þ6 `m-h-§-fn \n¡p¶
IpPx ip`x kymXv þ IpP³ ip`-\m-Ip¶p. F¶m At¸mÄ
A´y- kp-X [À½ ssKx JssKxþ
12þ5þ9 `mh-§-fn {Kl-§-Ä Ds¦n B ip`^ew e`n¡pIbnÃ.
\ hn² C\-kq-\px- A]n Aku
i\nbpsS Imcyhpw CXpXs¶.(3þ11þ6 / 12þ5þ9)
In´p [À½-Lr-Wn\m \ hn²y-tX þ
F¶m kqcy\v CXp _m[IaÃ.
(i\n þ chn th[anÃ.)

(6)
kzmw_pi{XparXnJmbKx ipt`m
ÚkvXZm \ Jep hn²ytX kZm
kzmßP {XnX-]- B-Zy-ss\-[-\þ
{]m]vX-ssKÀ-hn-[p-`n-cyZn {Ksslx.

_p[³
kz Aw_p i{Xp arXn J BbKx Ú þ
2þ4þ6þ8þ10-þ11 `mh§fn \n¡p¶ _p[³
ipt`m þ ip`\mWv. F¶mÂ
 [600]

kzmßP {Xn X-] -B-Zy -ss\-[-\ {]m]vXssK 5þ3þ9þ1þ8þ12 `mh-§-

fnÂ
hn-[p-`n- bZn {Ksslx.þ
N{µ-s\m-gn-¨pÅ {Kl-§Ä Ds¦n ip`-^ew Dm-hn-Ã.

(7)
kzmb-[À½-X-\-bm-kvX-kw-kvYntXm
\mI-\m-b-I-]p-tcm-lnXx ip`x
cn^-c-{Ô-J-P-e-{Xn-ssKÀbZm
hnZytX KK-\-Nm-cn-`n˦-ln.

hymgw
kz Bb- [À½ -X-\-bm-x AkvX- þ 2þ11þ9þ5þ7 `mh-§-fnÂ
kw-kvYntXm \mI-\m-b-I-]p-tcm-lnXx þ tZ-th-{µsâ Kpcp (hymgw)
\n¶mÂ,
ip`x þ ip-`-amWv. F¶mÂ
cn^, c-{Ô- J- P-e- {Xn- þ 12þ8þ10þ4þ3 `mh-§-
fnÂ
bZm hnZytX KK-\-Nm-cn-`nx \-ln þ {Kl-§Ä ]mSn-Ã.

(8)
Bkp-Xm-jvS-a-X-t]m-hy-bm-btKm
hn² Bkv^p-Pn-Z-tim-`\x kvarXx
ss\[-\m-kvX-X-\p-IÀ½-[À½-[oþ
em`-ssh-cn-k-l-P-Øte Nsscx.

ip{I³
Bkp-X A-jvS-a- X-t]m- hy-b B-b 1þ2þ3þ4þ5þ8þ9þ12þ11 `mh-
§-fnÂ
\n¡p¶
Bkv^p-Pn-¯vv -tim-`\x kvarXx þ ip{I³ ip`-s\-¶-dn-bp-I.
F¶m At¸mÄ
ss\[-\ AkvX- X-\p-IÀ½- [À½- [o em`- ssh-cn -k-l-PØte þ-
8þ7þ1þ10þ9þ5þ11þ6þ3 Ch-bn {Kl-§Ä Dm-
hcpXv.
 [601]

ip`Øm\§fpw th[Øm\§fpw
kqcy³ ip`w 3 6 10 11
th[w 9 12 4 5
N{µ³ ip`w 1 3 6 7 10 11
th[w 5 9 12 2 4 8
IpP³ ip`w 3 6 11
th[w 12 9 5
_p[³ ip`w 2 4 6 8 10 11
th[w 5 3 9 1 8 12
hymgw ip`w 2 5 7 9 11
th[w 12 4 3 10 8
ip{I³ ip`w 1 2 3 4 5 89 11 12
th[w 8 7 1 10 9 5
11 3 6
i\n ip`w 3 6 11
th[w 12 9 5

.{Kl§Ä Nmc-h-im Hmtcm

`mh-¯nepw \n¶m-epÅ ^ew

(9)
P·-\ym-bm-k-Zm-Xm- £-]-bXn hn`hm³
t{Im[-tcm-Km-²z-ZmXm(1)
hn¯-{`wiw (2) ZznXotb ZniXn \ kpJtZm
h©-\m-am-{Kl©- (3)
Øm\-{]m]vXnw XrXotb [\-\n-N-b-apZm
Iey(4)Ir-¨m-cn-l´m
tcmKm³ Zt¯ NXpÀt° P\-bXn N aplpx
{kKv²-cm-tcm-K-hnLv\w
. ]mT-t`Zw (1) Xm]w (2) Nn¯-{`wiw (3) h©-\m{Zm-¤r-l© (4)
I¸

(10)
 [602]

Nn¯-t£m`w kpXtØ hnX-cXn _lptim

tcmK-tam-lm-Zn-ZmXm
jjvtT f Àt¡m l´n tcmKm³ £]-bXn N cn]q³
timI-tam-lm³ {]amÀjvSn
A²zm\w k]vX-atØm PT-c-KZ-abw
ssZ\y-`m-hÝ Xkvssa
cpIv{km-hmZy--jvSaØx Ie-bXn Ielw
cmP-`oXnw N Xm]w.

(11)
B]-ss±\yw X]kn hnclw Nn¯-tN-jvSm-\n-tcm[w
{]m]vt\m-Xyp{Kmw Zi-a-Kr-ltK IÀ½-kn²nw Znt\ti
Øm\w am\w hn`-h-a]n ssNIm-Zti tcmK-\miw
t¢iw hn¯-£-b-a]n kplr-ssZz-c-at´y Pzcw N.

kqcy³
P·-\n Bbm-k-Zm-Xm- £-]-bXn hn`hm³
t{Im[-tcm-Km-²z ZmXm
P·\n þ P·cminbnÂ
Bbm-kw þ {]bmkw,
£-]-bXn hn`hm³ þ hn`-h-§sf \in¸n¡p¶p .
t{Im[w,
tcmKw,
A²z-ZmXm / A-²z-Xm]w þ hgn \S-¶pmIp¶ t¢i-§Ä

hn¯-{`wiw ZznXotb ZniXn \ kpJtZm h©-\m-am-{Kl©-

ZznXotb þ (N{µmÂ) cnÂ
hn¯-{`w-iw þ [\-\jvSw,
(Nn¯-{`wiw kµÀ`-¯n\p tbmPn-¡p-¶n-Ã).
\ kpJtZm þ kpJanÃmbva
h©\m.. þ h©\bv¡ncbmhpI

Øm\-{]m]vXnw XrXotb [\-\n-N-b-apZm Iey Ir-¨m-cn-l´m

XrXotb þ aq¶nÂ
Øm\-{]m]vXn,
 [603]

[\\nNbw þ [\{]m]vXn
apZm þ kt´mjw,
Ieyw þ kpJw, BtcmKyw
Acnl´m þ i{Xp-¡sf \in¸n¡p¶h³.

tcmKm³ Zt¯ NXpÀt° P\-bXn N aplpx{kKv²-cm-tcm-K

hnLv\w
NXpÀt° þ \menÂ
tcmKm³ þ tcmK§Ä
{kKv²-cm- tcm-KhnLv\w þ tcmKw tlXphmbn kv{Xokp-J-¯n\p
XSÊw.

Nn¯-t£m`w kpXtØ hnX-cXn _lptim

tcmK-tam-lm-Zn-ZmXm
kpXtØ þ A©nÂ
Nn¯-t£m-`w þ a\Êv AkzØamhpI
tcmK þ tcmK§Ä
tamlmZn þ AÔmfn¸v

jjvtT AÀt¡m l´n tcmKm³

£]-bXn N cn]q³ timI-tam-lm³ {]amÀjvSn
jjvtT þ BdnÂ
l´n tcmKm³ þ tcmK-\m-iw,
£]bXn c]q³ þ i{Xp-\miw
timItamlm³ {]amÀjvSnþ ZpJ§tfbpw Bi¦Itfbpw CÃmXm¡p¶p.

A²zm\w k]vX-atØm PT-c-KZ-abw ssZ\y-`m-hÝ Xkvssa

k]vX-atØm þ GgnÂ
A²zm-\w þ t¢iIcamb bm{XIÄ
PT-c-K-Z-abw þ DZctcmK§Ä
ssZ\y`mhw
(]mTt`Zw: KpZmabw þ KpZtcmKw)

cpIv{km-hmZy--jvSaØx Ie-bXn Ielw cmP-`oXnw N

Xm]w.
AjvSaØ þ F«nÂ
 [604]

cpIv þ tcmKw,
Ie-lw,
cmP-`oXnw þ cmP-`-bw,
Xm]w þ ZpJw.

B]-ss±\yw X]kn hnclw Nn¯-tN-jvSm-\n-tcm[w

X]kn þ H¼XnÂ
B]-Xv þ B]-¯v,
ssZ\yw þ Zo\-X,
hnc-lw,
Nn¯-tN-jvSm-\n-tcm[w þ _p²n {]hÀ¯\clnXamhpI,
AÔmfn¸v,

{]m]vt\m-Xyp{Kw Zi-a-Kr-ltK IÀ½-kn²nw Znt\ti

Zi-a-Kr-ltK þ ]¯nÂ
IÀ½-kn²nw þ IÀ½-hnPbw
Øm\w am\w hn`-h-a]n ssNIm-Zti tcmK-\miw.
GImZti þ ]Xns\m¶nÂ
Øm\w am\w þ Øm\am\_v[n,
hn`-h-a]n þ hn`-h-em`w,
tcmK-\miw.

t¢iw hn¯-£-b-a]n kplr-ssZz-c-at´y Pzcw N.

At´y þ ]{´nÂ
t¢iw þ IjvS¸mSpIÄ
hn¯-£-b- þ hn¯-\m-iw,
kplr-ssZz-c þ kplrZvhntcm-[w,
Pzcw þ ]\n.

N{µ³
(12)
{ItaW `mtKym-Z-baÀ°-lm-\nÀþ
Pbw `bw timI-a-tcm-KXmw N
kpJm-\y-\njvSw KZ-an-jvS-kn²nw
tamZw hybw N {]Z-ZmXn N{µx.
 [605]

`mhw ^ew
1 `mtKym-Z-bw - þ `mKyw
2 AÀ°-lm-\n - þ [-\-\-jvSw
3 Pbw
4 `bw
5 timIw
6 -Atcm-KXmw þ B-tcm-Kyw
7 kpJm-\n þ kpJw
8 -A\njvSw
9 KZ - þ tcm-Kw
10 C-jvS-kn²n
11 tamZw þ k-t´m-jw
12 hybw þ NnehpIÄ.

(13)
A´-tÈmIw kzP-\-hn-clw cà-]n-t¯m-jvW-tcmKw
etá hnt¯ `b-a]n Kncmw-tZm-j-aÀ°-£-b©
ss[tcy `utam P\-bXn Pbw kzÀ®`qjm {]tamZw
Øm\-{`wiw cpP-ap-Z-cPmw _Ôp-ZpJw NXp-À-t°.

(14)
Pzc-a-\p-Nn-X-Nn´mw ]p{XtlXphyYmw hm
Ie-bXn Ielw sskzx ]©ta `qan-]p{Xx
cn]p-I-e-l-\n-hr¯nw tcmK-im´nw N jjvtT
hnP-b-aY [\m]vXnw kÀÆ-Im-cym-\p-Iq-eyw.
(15)
If-{X-I-e-lm-£n-cp-KvP-T-c-tcm-K-Ir-Õ-]vXta
Pzc-£-X-P-cq-£ntXm hnK-X-hn-¯-am-t\m f jvSta
IptP \h-a-kwØntX ]cn-`-thm f À-°-\m-im-[n-`nÀþ
hnfw-_n-X-K-XnÀ`-h-Xy-_-e-tZ-l-[mXp-£-ssb. (1)
]mT-t`Zw þ [m-Xp-{I-ssax.
(16)
ZptÝjvSmw hm IÀ½-hnLv\x {iax tJ
{Zhym-tcm-Ky-t£{X hr²nÝ emt`
 [606]

`uax tJtSm tKmNtc ZzmZ-itØm

{Zhy-tÑZkvXm]-ap-jvWm-a-bm-ssZyx.

.IpP³
`mhw ^ew
1 A´-tÈmIw kzP-\-hn-clw cà-]n-t¯m-jvW-tcmKw etáþ
1 Zp-Jw, kzP-\-hn-clw, cà-]n-¯DjvW-tcmKw
2 hnt¯ `b-a]n Kncmw-tZm-j-aÀ°-£-b© þ
`bw-, hm-IvtZm-jw, [-\-\m-i-w
3 ss[tcy `utam P\-bXn Pbw kzÀ®`qjm {]tamZw þ
Pbw, kzÀ®m-`-c-W-§Ä, k-t´m-jw
4 Øm\-{`wiw cpP-ap-Z-cPmw _Ôp-ZpJw NXp-À-t°.þ
Øm\- {`wiw, DZ-c-tcm-Kw, _Ôp-ZpJw.
5 Pzc-a-\p-Nn-X-Nn´mw ...... þ ]\n, DNnXaÃm¯ Nn´IÄ,
a-¡Ä Imc-W-amb ZpJw, _Ôp¡fpambn Ielw
6 cn]p-I-e-l-\n-hr¯nw ....þ i-{Xp-¡-fpambpÅ hg-¡n\p ia-\w,
tcmK-im-´n, hnP-bw, [\hc-hv, FÃm Imcy-§fpw A\p-Iq-
eamhpI.
7 If-{X-I-e-l A£n-cp-Kv .....þ `m-cy-bp-ambn hg-¡v, t\{X-
tcm-Kw, D-Z-c-tcm-Kw
8 Pzc- £-X-Pcq-£ntXm ....þ ]-\n, -ap-dnªp càw t]mIp-I,
[\hpw am\hpw \jvS-amIpw.
9 IptP \h-a-kwØntX ...þ A-]-am-\w, [-\-\m-iw, [mXp£bw
aqeapÅ _e¡pdhpaqew thKw \S¡m³IqSn
h¿mXmhpI.
10 ZptÝjvSmw hm IÀ½-hnLv\x....þ ZpjvIÀ½§Ä, IÀ½-hnLv\w,
{iaw (X-fÀ¨, £oWw).
11 {Zhym-tcm-Ky-t£{Xhr²nÝ emt`þ{Zhyw, Btcm-Kyw, -t£{Xw
(`q-an)
C-h-bn A`n-hr-²n
12 `uax tJtSm tKmNtc ....þ {Zhy-\-jvSw, D-jvWtcm-
K§Ä
apX-em-b-h-sImp Xm]w, Zp-
Jw.
 [607]

(17)
hn¯-£bw {inb-a-cm-Xn-`bw [\m]vXnw
`mcym-X-\q-P-I-elw hnPbw hntcm[w
]p{XmÀ°-em-`-aY hnáLv\a-ti-j-kuJyw
]pjvSnw ]cm-`-h-`bw {]I-tcmXn Nm{µnx.

_p[³
`mhw ^ew
1 hn¯£bw þ [-\-\m-iw
2 -{inbw þ sF-iz-cyw
3 AcmXn`bw þ i-{Xp-`-bw
4 [\m]vXn þ [-\-em-`w
5 `mcym-X-\q-P-I-elw þ `m-cybpw a¡-fp-ambn
hntcm[w
6 hnPbw
7 hntcm[w
8 ]p{XmÀ°-em-`-w þ ]p{X\pw [\hpw DmIpw.
9 hnLv\w-
10 AtijkuJyw þ kp-Jw
11 ]pjvSn þ ]p-tcm-K-Xn
12 ]cm`h`bw þ A-]-am-\-`-bw

(18)
Poth P·\n tZi-\nÀK-a-\-a-þ
]yÀ°-NypXnw i{XpXmw
{]m]vt\mXn {ZhnWw IpSpw-_-kp-J-a-þ
]yÀt° kzhm-Nm-w ^ew
ZpÝnXvtI ØnXn-\m-i-an-jvShn-bpXnw
Imcym-´-cmbw cpPw
ZpssJÀº-Ôp-P-t\m-Û-sshÝ ln_ptI
ssZ\yw NXpjv]mZv`bw
(19)
]pt{Xm¸-¯n-ap-ss]Xn kÖ-\bpXnw
 [608]

cmPm-\p-Iqeyw kptX
jjvtT a{´nWn ]oU-b´n cn]hx
kzÚmXtbm hym[bx
bm{Xmw tim`-\-tl-Xth h\n-Xbm
kuJyw kpXm]vXnw kvatc.
amÀ¤-t¢i(1)-a-cn-jvS-a-jvS-a-KtX \jvSw
[ss\x IjvS-Xmw.
]mT-t`Zw þ arXyp-t¢-i
(20)
`mtKy Poth kÀÆ-ku-`m-Ky-kn²nw
IÀ½-WyÀ°-Øm-\-]p-{Xm-Zn-]oUmw
emt` ]p{X-Øm-\-am-\mZn em`w -
cnxt^ ZpxJw km²zkw {Zhy-tl-tXmx.

hymgw
`mhw ^ew
1 Poth P·\n tZi-\nÀK-a-\-a-]yÀ°-NypXnw i{XpXmw
tZi-\nÀK-a-\w- þ \mSphnSÂ
AÀ°-NypXnw þ [\-\jvSw,
i{XpXmw þ i{XpX
2 {]m]vt\mXn {ZhnWw IpSpw-_-kp-J-a-]yÀt° kzhm-Nm-w
^ew
{]m]vt\mXn {ZhnWw þ -- [-\-em-`w,
IpSpw-_-kp-Jw,-
kz(kp)hm-Nm-w ^ew þ hm¡v A\zÀ°am-Ipw
(]dbp¶Xp ^en¡pw.)

3 ZpÝnXvtI ØnXn-\m-i-an-jvShn-bpXnw Imcym-´-cmbw cpPw

ØnXn-\m-iw -þ Øm-\-\-jvSw,
C-jvShn-bpXn -þ th-s¸-«-hcpsS thÀ]mSv,
Imcym-´-cmbw þ Im-cy-X-S-Êw
cpPw þ tcm-Kw

4 ZpssJÀº-Ôp-P-t\m-Û-sshÝ ln_ptI ssZ\yw NXpjv]mZv`bw

ZpssJx _-Ôp-P-t\m-Û-sshx --- þ _Ôp-¡Äaqew ZpJw,
 [609]

ssZ\yw þ Zo-\-X,
NXpjv]mXv `bw þ \m¡en `bw.

5 ]pt{Xm¸-¯n-ap-ss]Xn kÖ\bpXnw cmPm\pIqew kptX

]pt{Xm¸-¯n þ ]p-{X-P-\-\w, -
kÖ-\bpXnw þ k-Ö-\-kw-Kw,
cmPm-\p-Iqeyw,

6 jjvtT a{´nWn ]oU-b´n cn]hx kzÚmXtbm hym[bx

]oU-bXn cn]hx kzÚmXtbm þ i{Xp]oU, _Ôp¡fpsS D]{Zhw
hym[bx þ tcm-K-§Ä

7 bm{Xmw tim`-\-tl-Xth h\n-Xbm kuJyw kpXm]vXnw kvatc.

bm{Xmw tim`-\-tl-Xth þ ip`-IÀ½-§Ä¡p-thn bm{X
h\n-Xbm kuJyw þ `mcymkp-Jw,
kpXm]vXnw þ ]p{X-em`w

8 amÀ¤-t¢ia-cn-jvS-a-jvS-a-KtX \jvSw [ss\x IjvS-Xmw.

amÀ¤t¢iw þ bm{Xmt¢iw
(]mT-t`Zw arXyp-t¢-iw- þ a-c-W-Zp-Jw)
A-cn-jvSw þ ZuÀ`mKyw
\jvSw [ss\x þ [-\-\jvSw,
IjvS-Xmw þ I-jvS-X

9 `mtKy Poth kÀÆ-ku-`m-Ky-kn²nw

kÀÆ-ku-`m-Ky-kn²n þ FÃm ku`mKy§fpw DmIpw.

10 IÀ½-Wn AÀ°-Øm-\-]p-{Xm-Zn-]oUmw
AÀ° -Øm-\- ]p-{Xm-Zn- ]oUmw þ [-\w, Øm\w, a¡Ä Ch-
bv¡p-tZmjw---

11 emt` ]p{X-Øm-\-am-\mZn em`wþ ]p{XP\\w,- Øm-\-

am-\§fpsS e_v[n

12 cnxt^ ZpxJw km²zkw {Zhy-tl-tXmx.

ZpxJw,
 [610]

km²zkw {Zhy-tl-tXmx. þ [\kw_Ôamb `bw

(21)
AJn-e-hn-j-b-t`mKw hn¯kn²nw hn`qXnw
kpX-kp-lr-Z-`n-hr²nw ]p{X-e_v[nw hn]¯nw
ZniXn bphXn]oUmw k¼Zw hm kpJm]vXnw
Ie-l-a-`-b-aÀ°-{]m-]vXn-cn-{µmcn a-{´n.

ip{I³
1 AJn-e-hn-j-b-t`mKw þ FÃmkpJt`mK-§fpwA\p-`-h-
amIpw.
2 hn¯kn²n þ [-\-em-`w
3 hn`qXn þ sF-iz-cyw
4 kpX- kp-lr-Zv A-`n-hr²n þ a¡Ä¡pw _Ôp¡Ä¡pw
A`nhr²n
5 ]p{X-e_v[n
6 hn]¯n þ B-]-¯pIÄ
7 bphXn]oUmw þ `mcym-ZpJw
8 k¼Zw þ k-¼-¯v
9 kpJm]vXnw þ kp-Jm-\p-`-hw
10 Ielw
11 A`-bw þ `-b-an-Ãm-bva
12 AÀ°-{]m-]vXn- þ [-\-em-`w

(22)
tcmKm-iu-N-{In-bm]vXnw [\-kp-X-hn-lXnw
Øm\-`r-XymÀ°-em`w
kv{Xn_-ÔzÀ°-{]-Wmiw {Zhn-W-a-Xn-kpXþ
{]NypXnw kÀhkuJyw
kv{Xntcm-Km-²zm-h-`oXnw kzkp-X-]-ip-kplr
Zzn¯-\m-im-a-bmZnw
P·m-tZ-c-jvS-am´w ZniXn ]Z-h-tiþ
\mÀ¡-kq\px {Ita-W.
(23)
Zmcn{Zyw [À½-hnLv\w ]nXr-k-a-hn-ebw
\nXy-ZpxJw ip`tØ
 [611]

ZpÀhym-]m-c-{]-hr¯nw Ie-bXn Zita

am\-`wKw cpPw hm
kuJym-t\y-Im-Z-imtØm _lp-hn-[-hn-`hþ
{]m]vXn-apÂIr-jvS-IoÀ¯nw
hn{im´nw hyÀ°-Im-cymXv kplr-Z-b-a-cn`nx
kv{Xokp-X-hym-[n-a-t´y.
i\n
1tcmKw þ tcmKw,
iu-N-{In-bm]vXnwþacWm-\-´-c-{In-b-IÄ sN¿nhcp-I.
2[\ -kp-X- hn-lXnw þ [-\-\m-iw,- ]p-{X-\m-iw
3Øm\- `r-Xy AÀ°- em`w þ ]-Z-hn, `rXyÀ, [\w Ch e`n¡pw-.
4kv{Xo _-Ôp AÀ° -{]-Wmiwþ
`m-cy, _Ôp-¡Ä, [\w Chbv¡p \miw
5{Zhn-W- a-Xn -kpX {]NypXnw þ [-\w, _p²n, a¡Ä Chbv¡p \miw
6kÀhkuJyw
7kv{Xotcm-Kw þ kv{Xobv¡p (`m-cy-bv¡-p)
tcmKw,
A²zm-h-`oXn þ bm{Xm-t¢-i-`o-Xn.
8kzkp-X -]-ip -kplrZv hn¯-\m-iw þ
a¡Ä, ]ip, kplr-¯p-¡Ä, [\w Chbv¡p \miw,
B-a-bmZnw þ tcmKw XpS-§n-b-h.
9Zmcn{Zyw,
[À½-hnLv\w, þ [mÀ½nIIÀ½§Ä¡p apS¡w
]nXr-k-a-hn-ebw þ ]n-Xr-Xp-ey-cpsS \miw,
\nXy-ZpxJw
10ZpÀhym-]m-c-{]-hr¯n, þ ZpjvIÀ½§Ä
am\-`wKw,
cpPm þ tcm-Kw
11kuJym\n þ kp-J-§Ä,
_lp-hn-[-hn-`h{]m]vXn,þ ]e hn[¯nepÅ [\{]m]vXn
DÂIr-jvS-IoÀ¯n, þ {]ikvXn
hn{im´nw hyÀ°-Im-cym þ thm¯ Imcy-§-fnÂ
CS-s]-Sm-Xn-cn-¡pI,
kplr-Z-b-a-cn`nx þ i{Xp-¡-Ät]mepw an{X-§-fm-
Ipw.
12kv{Xo kp-X -hym-[n- þ `mcybv¡pw a¡Ä¡pw tcmKw.
 [612]

(24)
tZl-£bw hn¯-hn-\m-i-ku-Jv.#u
ZpxJmÀ°\miu kpJ-\m-i-ar-Xyq³
lm\nw N em`w kp`Kw hybw N
Ipcym-¯-tam- P·KrlmXv {Ita-W.

8. cmlp
1 tZl-£bw þ A-\m-tcm-Kyw / acWw
2 hn¯-hn-\m-iw- þ [-\-\-jvSw
3 ku-Jyw
4 ZpxJw
5 AÀ°-\miw
6 kpJw-
7 \m-iw
8 -ar-Xyp
9 lm\n þ \-jvSw, D]-{Z-hw
10 em`w þ h-c-hv
11 `mKyw, kpJw, kt´mjw
12 hybw þ Nn-e-hv

tKmNc¯n {Kl§Ä
^ew \ÂIp-¶-sX-t¸mÄ

(25)
£nXn-X-\-b-]-XwKu cmin-]qÀh-{Xn-`mtK
kpc-]-Xn-Kp-cp-ip{Iu cmin-a-²y-{Xn-`mtK
Xpln-\-In-c-W-aµu cmin ]mÝm-Xy-`mtK
iin-X-\-b-`p-PwKu ]mIZu kÀh-Im-te.
 [613]

£nXn-X-\-b -]-XwKu cmin-]qÀh-{Xn-`mtK þ

IpP\pw chnbpw cmin-bpsS BZy-`m-K¯pw
kpc-]-Xn -Kp-cp- ip{Iu cmina-²y-{Xn-`mtK þ
Kpcphpw -ip-{I\pw cmin-bpsS a²y-`m-K¯pw
Xpln-\-In-c-W- aµu cmin ]mÝm-Xy-`mtK þ
N{µ\pw i\nbpw cmin-bpsS Ah-km\-`m-K¯pw
iin-X-\-b -`p-PwKu ]mIZu kÀh-Im-te. þ
_p[\pw cmlphpw FÃm-bvt¸mgpw ^ew \ÂIp-¶p.

1 apX 8 hscbpÅ tÇmI§fn {Kl§fpsS ip`Øm\ §fpw

th[Øm\§fpw, 9 apX 24 hscbpÅ tÇmI§fn {Kl§Ä NmchimÂ
Hmtcm `mh¯nepw \n¶mepÅ ^e§fpw 25þmw tÇmI¯n {Kl§Ä
cminbpsS (`mh¯nsâ) GXp `mK¯p hcpt¼mgmWp
^e{]ZamhpIsb¶pw hnhcn¨p. C\n ASp¯ tÇmI§fn \£{X tKmNcw
hnhcn¡p¶p .

\£{XtKmNcw

(26)
tcJmx k]vX kamentJZp]cnKmkvXncyIv XssYh {Iamþ
ZoimZán`amZntXm f ]n KWtbZmZnXy`mkymh[n
th[m P\vaZnt\ arXnÀ`baYm[m\mJy \£{XtI
IÀ½WyÀ°hn\mi\w Jep chnÀZZymÕ]mt]m arXnw.

k]vXiemImN{Ihpw P· A\pP·
\£{X§fpsS th[hpw

Ggp tcJIÄ ZoÀLambpw Ggp tcJIÄ IpdptIbpw hcbv¡pI. 28

tcJm]pÑ§Ä (tcJIfpsS Aä§Ä) In«pw. Cuim\Zn¡nse Aäw ImÀ¯nI
bnÂXpS§n, A`nPn¯S¡w, {Ia¯n 28 \£{X§fpw FgpXpI. t\sc FXnsc
hcp¶ \£{XhpambmWv th[apÅXv

k]vXiemImN{Iw
 [614]

3 ImÀ 4 tcmln 5 aI 6 Xncp 7 ]pW 8 ]qbw 9 Bbn

2 `cWn 10 aIw

1 AizXn 11 ]qcw

28 tchXn 12 D{Xw

27 D{X«mXn 13 A¯w

26 ]qcpcp«mXn 14 Nn{X

25 NXbw 15 tNmXn

24 Ahn«w 16 hnimJw

23 Xncp 22 A`nv 21 D{Xm 20 ]qcm 19 aqew 18 Xrt¡ 17 A\n

1 þ 10 þ 19 \£{X§fpsS
th[Øm\§fn kqcy³ h¶mÂ
1 þ 10 þ 19 \£{X§fpsS t\sc FXnscbpÅ \£{X§fn kqcy³
Nmchim hcpt¼mÄ AhbpsS (1 þ 10 þ 19 \£{X§fpsS) ^e§sf
hn]coXambn _m[n¡pw. B th[^e§sf¡pdn¨mWv C\n ]dbp¶Xv..
tht[m P·Znt\ arXn þ P·\£{X¯n\p th[w h¶m acWw. (kqcy³
tKmNc¯n \n¡p¶ \£{Xw P·\£{Xhpambn th[n¨mÂ,t\À¡p t\À
h¶m acWw ^ew.)
IÀ½Wn AÀ°hn\mi\w þ IÀ½\£{X¯n\p (10) th[w h¶m [\\miw.
`baY B[m\mJy \£{XtI þ
B[m\\£{X¯n\p (19) th[w h¶m :`bw
k]mt]m arXnw þ Cu ØnXnbn kqcy\p ]m]kw_Ôw
IqSnbps¦n arXn^ew.

(27)
Ghw hnt² tJNsscx {Iqssccss\yÀacWw
kutay hnt² \ arXnÀhnZymtZhw kIew.
 [615]

ta¸dª th[\£{X§fn ]m]nIÄ \n¶m acWw. ip`·mÀ \n¶m acWw

DmhpIbnÃ.

(28)
B[m\IÀ½À£hn]¶nPÀt£ (1)
ssh\mintI {]Xyct` h[mtJy
]m]{Ktlm arXyp`bw hnZZymþ
tZzt[ XYm Imcylcx ip`mtJy.
]mTt`Zw: hn]Ö\nÀss£..

3). th[\£{X§fpw Ahbnse {KlØnXn^ehpw

B[m\w þ 19
IÀ½w þ 10
hn]¯v þ 3
\nPÀt£ þ1
ssh\minIw þ 22
{]Xycw þ5
h[w þ7
tht[ þ (F¶o) th[\£{X§fnÂ
]m]{Klw þ ]m]·mÀ \n¶mÂ
arXyp`bw þ acW`bw ^ew
XYm Imcylcx ip`mtJy þ ]m]·mÀ¡p ]Icw Chbn \n¡p¶Xv
ip`cmsW¦n ImcyXSÊw ^ew.

(29)
BZnXykMv{Im´nZnt\ {KlmWmw
{]thit\ hm {KltW N bpt²
D¡m\n]mtX XYmÛptX N
P·{Xbw kym·cWmZn ZpxJw.

P·A\pP·\£{X§Ä kw{Im´n
XpS§nbhbpambn H¯p h¶mÂ
BZnXykw{Im´nZnt\ þ kqcykw{IZnhkhpw
{KlmWmw {]thit\ þ {Kl§Ä cmin amdpt¼mgpw
 [616]

{KltW þ {KlWkab¯pw
bpt² þ {Klbp²w DÅt¸mgpw
D¡m\n]mtX þ sImÅnao³ hogpt¼mgpw
XYmÛptX N þ {]IrXn{]Xn`mk§fnepw
P·{Xbw kymXv þ 1 þ10þ19 \£{X§fn H¶v
H¯p h¶mÂ
acWmZnZpxJw. þ acWw AsænÂ
AXpt]mepÅ ZpJw ^ew.

Nne {]tXyI ^e§Ä

(30)
AkXv^ex kuay\nco£ntXm bx
ip`{]ZÝm]yipt`£nXÝ
Zzu \njv^eu Zzmh]n tJNtc{µu
bÈ{XpWm tkz\ hntemInXÝ.

AkXv^ex kuay\nco£ntXm bx þ Aip`·msc ip`·mÀ t\m¡nbmepw

ip`{]Zmx N Aip` Cu£nXx N þ ip`·msc Aip`·mÀ t\m¡nbmepw
Zzu \njv^eu þ cpw \njv^eamIp¶p.
bx i{XpWm tkz\ hntemInXÝ þ i{Xp{Kl¯m ho£n¡s¸«mepw
\njv^ew.
ip`·msc Aip`·mÀ t\m¡nbm ip`^ew \jvSamIpw. Aip`·msc ip`·mÀ
t\m¡nbm Aip`^ehpw \jvS amIpw. i{Xp{Kl§fm ho£n¡ s¸«mepw
cp Iq«cpsSbpw ^ew CXpt]mse \jvSamIpw.

(31)
A\njvS`mhØnXtJNtcss{µx
tkz¨kztKtlm]KtXm bZn kymXv
k tZmjIrt¨m¯a`mhKtÝXv
]qÀ®w ^ew bÑXn tKmNtcjp.

tKmNtcjp þ NmchimÂ
A\njvS`mhØnXtJNtcss{µx þ A\njvS`mh§fn hcp¶
{Kl§Ä
 [617]

kzD¨ kztKl D]KX bZn kymXv þ B A\njvS`mh§Ä Xsâ

D¨cmintbmkzt£{XtamBsW¦nÂ
\ tZmjIrXv þ tZmjw sN¿nÃ.
k D¯a`mhKtÝXv þ (Nmchim Ah hcp¶Xv ) D¯a
`mh§fnemsW¦nÂ
]qÀ®w ^ew bÑXn þ ]qÀ®^ew XcpIbpw sN¿p¶p.

(32)
{KtlizcmkvtX ip`tKmNcØm
\oNmcnauVyw kap]m{inXmtÝXv
tX \njv^emx In´zip`mMvIkwØmx
IjvTw ^ew kwhnZ[Xy\¸w.

1.{Ktlizcmx tX ip`tKmNcØm þ
tKmNc¯n ip`Øm\¯p \n¡p¶ {Kl§Ä
\oNmcnauVyw kap]m{inXmtÝXv þ
\oNcminØnXn, i{Xpt£{XØnXn, auVyw Ch Ds¦nÂ
tX \njv^emx þ
Ah \njv^eamIp¶p. (ip`^ew \ÂInÃ.)

2 Aip`m¦kwØmx þ tKmNc¯n Aip`Øm\§fn \n¡p¶ {Kl§Ä Ah

\n¡p¶Xv Cu ZpØm\§fn (\oNcminØnXn, i{Xpt£{XØnXn,
auVyw) IqSnbmsW¦nÂ
IjvTw ^ew kwhnZ[Xy\¸w þ A[nIamb tZmj^ew \ÂIp¶p.

(33)
ZzmZimjvSaP·Ømx i\yÀ¡mwKmcIm Kpcpx
IpÀh´n {]mWktµlw Øm\\miw [\£bw.

ZzmZimjvSaP·Øm þ 12, 8, P·cmin Chbn tKmNchim hcp¶

i\n AÀ¡ AwKmcIm Kpcp þ
i\n, chn, IpP³, Kpcp F¶o {Kl§Ä
{]mWktµlw þ {]mW`bw
Øm\\miw þ Øm\{`wiw
[\£bw þ [\\miw
IpÀh´n þ Ch sN¿p¶p.
 [618]

(34)
Nt{µm f jvSta N [cWoX\bx (1) Ift{X
cmlpÈpt` Ihn cn]u N KpcpkvXrXotb
AÀ¡ÊptXÀ¡ncpZtb N _p[ÝXpÀt°
am\mÀ°lm\nacWm\n htZZzntijmÂ.
(1) ]mTt`Zw: IpPN{µkpXu Ift{X þ
sNmÆbpw _p[\pw Ggnepw

N{µmjvSta N þ (NmchimÂ) N{µ³ F«nepw

[cWoX\bx Ift{X þ IpP³ Ggnepw
cmlpÈpt` þ cmlp H¼Xnepw
Ihn cn]u N þ ip{I³ Bdnepw
Kpcpx XrXotb þ hymgw aq¶nepw
AÀ¡x kptX þ kqcy³ A©nepw
AÀ¡n DZtb N þ i\n P·¯nepw
_p[x NXpÀt° þ _p[³ \menepw* hcpt¼mÄ
am\mÀ°lm\nacWm\n htZXv hntijmÂ
þ am\lm\n, AÀ°\miw, acWw Ch hntijn¨pw ]dbWw.
* _p 7þÂ

AwK\£{X§fpw Ahbn {Kl§Ä

\n¶mepÅ ^e§fpw

P·\£{XwapX¡pÅ Ccp]¯ntbgp \£{X§sf AwK§Ä (Ahbh §Ä) Bbn

k¦Â¸n¨v Ahbn kqcy³ apX¡pÅ {Kl§Ä \n¶mepÅ ^e§fmWv C\n ]
dbp¶Xv.

(35)
ht{à £vam aqÀ²v\n NXzmcypckn N NXpctYm
khylkvtX NXpjvIw
]mtZ jUzmalkvtX NXpcY \bt\
Zzu N Kptly Zzbw N
`m\p˦miw hn`qXnw hnPbaY [\w
\nÀ[\w tZl]oUmw
 [619]

em`w arXypw N Nt{I P\bXn hnhn[m³

P·`mt±lkwØx.

kqcy³
Nt{I P\bXn hnhn[m³ P·`mt±lkwØx þ
P· \£{XwapX¡pÅ \£{X§fn \n¶m \ÂIp¶ ^ew.
AwKw \£{Xw ^ew
ht{à £va apJw 1 (1 ) \miw
aqÀ²v\n NXzmc incÊv 4 (2þ5) hn`qXn
Dckn N NXpcn amdv 4 (6þ9)
hnPbw khylkvtX NXpjvIwheXpssI 4 (10þ13)
[\em`w ]mtZ jUv ]mZ§Ä 6 (14þ19)
[\\miw)
hmalkvtX NXpx CSXpssI 4 (20þ23) tcmKw
\bt\ Zzu I®pIÄ 2 (24þ25) em`w Kptly
Zzbw N Kply`mKw 2(26þ27) arXyp

Nmchim kqcy³ CXn GXp \£{X¯nemWp \n¡p¶ sX¶p

t\m¡n AXp{]Imcw ^ew ]dbWw.

(36)
ioXmwtimÀhZt\ ZztbmcXn`bw
t£aw inckyw_p[u
]rjvtT i{XpPbw ZztbmÀ\b\tbmÀþ
t\t{X [\w P·`mXv

]©kzmßkpJw lrZn {Xnjp Itc

hmta hntcm[w {IamXv
]mZu jSvkp hntZiXmw P\bXn
{XnjzÀ°em`w Itc.

N{µ³
AwKw \£{Xw ^ew
hZt\ Zztbmx AXn`bw apJw 2 1þ2 AXn`bw
t£aw inckn Aw_p[u incÊv 4 3þ6 t£aw
 [620]

]rjvtT i{XpPbwZztbm ]rjvTw 2 7þ8

i{XpPbw
\b\tbm t\t{X [\w I®pIÄ 2 9þ10 [\em`w
]©kzmßkpJw lrZn lrZbw (amdv) 5 11þ15 BßkpJw
{Xnjp Itc hmtahntcm[w CSXp ssI 3 16þ18hntcm[w
]mZw jSvkp hntZiXmw ImepIÄ 6 19þ24
hntZiKa\w
{Xnjp AÀ°em`w Itc heXp ssI 3 25þ27 [\em`w

(37)
ht{à tZz acWw ItcmXyh\nPx jUv]mZtbmÀhn{Klw
t{ImtU {XoWn Pbw NXpÀhn[\Xmw hmta Itc akvXtI
tZz em`wNXpcm\t\[nI`bw t£aw Itc Z£ntW
hÀ²ntZz \bt\ hntZiKa\w Nt{I kzP·À£Xx

IpP³
AwKw \£{Xw ^ew
ht{à tZz acWw apJw 2 1þ2 acWw
jUv ]mZtbm hn{Kl ]mZ§Ä 6 3þ8 Ielw
t{ImtU {XoWn Pbw amdv 3 9þ11 Pbw
NXpx hn[\Xmw hmta Itc CSXp ssI 4 12þ15[\\miw,
akvXtI tZz em`w incÊv 2 16þ17 em`w
NXpx B\t\ A[nI`bw apJw 4 18þ21 A[nI`bw
t£aw Itc Z£ntW heXpssI4 22þ25 t£aw
tZz \bt\ hntZiKa\ w I®pIÄ2 26þ27 hntZiKa\w
(38)
aqÀ²v\n {XoWn aptJ {Xbw N Ictbmx jUv ]© Ip£u XYm
enwtK tZz ZznNXpjvSbw NcWtbmx {]m]vtX f atc{µmÀ¨nXx
timIw em`a\À°aÀ°\nNbw \miw {]XnjvTmw XYm
ZZymZmßZn\m¯ssYh `rKpPmkvXZzZv_pt[m f ]n {IamXv.
4. _p[³, 5. Kpcp, 6. ip{I³
AwKw \£{Xw ^ew
aqÀ²v\n {XoWn incÊv 3 1þ3 timIw
aptJ {Xbw N apJw 3 4þ6 em`w
Ictbmx jUv ssIIÄ 6 7þ12 A\À°w
 [621]

]© Ip£u DZcw 5 13þ17 AÀ°\nNbw,

[\w
enwtK tZz Kplyw 2 18þ19 \miw
ZznNXpjvSbw NcWtbmx ImepIÄ8 20þ27
{]XnjvTm(AwKoImcw)
{]m]vtX Aatc{µmÀ¨nXxþ hymg¯n\v
ZZymXv BßZn\m XssYh `rKpPmx XZzZv_p[x A]n {IamXv þ
ip{I³, _p[³ Chbv¡pw hymgs¯t¸mseXs¶bmIp¶p.

(39)
`qthZhÓnKpWthZicmánt\{Xþ
Z{kw N h{àIc]mZ]tZjp lkvtX
Ip£u N aqÀ²v\n \b\Zzb ]rjvT`mtKþ
\yky {ItaW i\nkwbpX`m¶nPÀ£mXv.
(40)
ZpxJw N kuJyw Ka\w N \miw
em`w kzt`mKw kpJkuJyarXyq³
h{à{IamZml ^em\n aµþ
sskhyw Xax tJNctbmÀhZ´p.

7. i\n, 8. cmlp, 9. tIXp

AwKw \£{Xw ^ew
`q h{à þapJw 5 1 þ5 ZpJw
thZ IcþheXp ssI 4 2þ5 kuJyw
hÓn ]mZþheXp Im 3 6þ8 Ka\w
KpW ]tZjp þCSXp Im 3 9þ11 \miw
thZ lkvtXþCSXp ssI 4 12þ15 em`w
ic Ip£u þDZcw 5 16þ20
t`mKkpJw
Aán aqÀ²v\nþincÊv 3 21þ23 kpJw
t\{X \b\ZuþI®pIÄ 2 24þ25 kuJyw
A{kw ]rjvT`mtKþ]rjvTw 2 26þ27 arXyp
h{à{IamZml ^em\n aµky þ C§s\ apJw apXÂ i\nbpsS ^ew
Ghw Xax tJNctbmx hZ´p þ Xtam{Kl§fpsS
(cmlptIXp¡fpsS) ^ehpw C{]Imcw (i\nsbt¸mse) ]dbWw.
 [622]

`qXkwJy. ]©`qX§Ä am{XaÃ, F®¯n\v D]tbm s¸Sp

¯mhp¶hsbÃmwXs¶ Cu k{¼Zmb¯n D]tbmKn¡mdpv.
CXv kµÀ`w A\pkcn¨vDulns¨Sp¡Ww
.
8 AjvShÀ¤^ew
(41)
b{XmjvShÀt¤ f [nI_nµhx kypþ
kvX{X ØntXm tKmNctXm {Ktlss{µx
XZzXv^ew {]ml ip`w hybmcnþ
c{ÔØntXm hm f ]n ip`w hn[t¯.

b{XmjvShÀt¤ A[nI_nµhx kyp þ

AjvShÀ¤¯n A[nIw _nµp¡fpÅ cminIfnÂ
X{X ØntXm tKmNctXm {Ktlss{µx þ
Nmchim {Kl§Ä hcpt¼mÄ
XZzXv^ew {]ml ip`w þ ^ew ip`ambncn¡pw
hybmcnc{ÔØntXm hm A]n ip`w hn[t¯.þ B cmin PmXI¯nÂ
12, 6, 8 `mh§fn H¶mbncp¶mepw ip`^ew \ÂIpw. ZpØm\am
bncp¶mepw AjvSIhÀ¤¯n th{X _nµp¡fps¦n AXp kpØm\¯nsâ
^ew \ÂIpsa¶À°w.

9 e¯m\£{X§fpw AhbnÂ
{Kl§Ä \n¶mepÅ ^e§fpw

(42 þ44))
cthÀ±zmZi\£{Xw `qkpXky XrXobIw
Kptcmx jSvXmcIw ssNh it\cjvSaXmcIw
GtXjmw N ]ptcme¯m ]rjvTe¯mx {]IoÀ¯nXmx
ip{Iky ]©aw Xmcw N{µPky Xp k]vXaw.
cmtlmkvXp \haw ssNh Zzmhnwiw `w lnaZyptXx
{KlØnXÀ£mZv KWtbïmbmw P·t` hyYm. .(1)
(1) ]mTt`Zw. P·t` h[x.
 [623]

1.cthx ZzmZi\£{Xw þ
kqcy\nÂ\n¶p ]{´mas¯ \£{Xw
`qkpXky XrXobIw þ IpP\nÂ\n¶p þ 3
Kptcmx jSvXmcIw þ KpcphnÂ\n¶p þ 6
it\cjvSaXmcIw þ i\nbnÂ\n¶p þ 8
GtXjmw N ]ptcme¯m þ ChbmWv ]ptcme¯IÄ
(apt¶m«v Ft®h)
2.]rjvTe¯mx þ ]rjvSe¯IÄ(]ndtIm«vFt®h)
ip{Iky ]©aw Xmcw þ ip{I\nÂ\n¶p þ 5
N{µPky Xp k]vXaw. þ _p[\nÂ\n¶p þ 7
cmtlmkvXp \haw ssNh þ cmlpnÂ\n¶p þ 9
Zzmhnwiw `w lnaZyptXx þ N{µ\nÂ\n¶p þ 22
{KlØnXÀ£mZv KWtbXv þ {Klw \n¡p¶ cminapXÂ
F®Ww.

(kqcy³ \n¡p¶ \£{X¯nÂ\n¶pw ]{´mas¯ \£{Xw, N{µ³ \n¡p¶ \£

{X¯n³ \n¶pw 22þmas¯ \£{Xw F¶n§s\ {Ia¯n IW¡m¡Ww.)
e¯mbmw P·t` hyYm þ P·\£{Xe¯m^ew: (e¯m\£{Xw P·
\£{Xambn hcp¶ Znhkw) hyY, ZpJw.
(45)
cthÊÀhm°lm\nkym¯atkm ZpxJapNytX
acWw Pohe¯mbmw _Ôp\miw `bmhlw (1)

(46)
ip{Iky Ielw {`wia\À°w iinPky Xp
N{µky Xp almlm\nÀe¯mam{X^ew `thXv.

(47)
kÀh{X e¯m km¦cyZznKpW{XnKpWm[nIm
htZt±mj^ew \rWmw {Klmïm[nIm{IamXv.
e¯m^ew
1. cthx kÀhmÀ°lm\n þ kqcye¯m^ew kÀhmÀ°([\)lm\n
2 Xatkm ZpJapNytX þ cmlptIXp¡Ä¡v ZpJw,
3 acWw Pohe¯mbmw.... þ Kpcp e¯bv¡v acWw,
_Ôp\miw, `bw
4 ip{Iky Ielw {`wiw þ ip{Ie¯bv¡v Ielw, Øm\{`wiw
 [624]

5 A\À°w iinPky þ _p[e¯bv¡v A\À°w

6 N{µky almlm\nx þ N{µe¯bv¡p henb lm\n.
kÀh{X e¯m km¦cywþ FÃm e¯Ifpw Iq«n ^ew ]dbWw.
ZznKpW{XnKpWm [nIm þ cp e¯bv¡p cp aS§v, aq¶p
e¯bv¡p aq¶nc«n
htZXv tZmj^ew \rWmw {Klmïm[nIm{IamXv þ{Kle¯bpsS hÀ²\
bv¡\pkcn¨v tZmj^ew ]dbWw. (CXn IpP³, i\n ChcpsS
e¯m^ew ]dªn«nÃ. acWw Pohe¯mbmw _Ôp\miw IpPky N (1) F¶ ]
mTt`Z ¯n¡qSn IpPsâ Ipdhp ]cnlcn¡p¶pv .

10 th[§Ä¡v kÀÆtXm`{ZN{Ihpw
{]amWamIp¶p

(48)
kÀhtXm`{ZNt{Imàip`th[mx ip`mhlmx
]m]th[m ZpJXcm tKmNtcXmÝ Nn´tbXv.

kÀhtXm`{ZNt{Imà þ kÀhtXm`{ZN{I¯n ]dªn«pÅ

hn[¯nepw,
ip`th[mx ip`mhlmx þ ip`th[w ip`Ichpw ,
]m]th[m ZpJXcm þ ]m]th[w Aip`IchpamWv.
tKmNtcXmÝ Nn´tbXv þ CXpw tKmNc¯n Nn´n¡Ww.

tKmNc^e¯n e¯sbt¸mse¯s¶ kÀhtXm`{ZN{I ¯n\pw {]

[m\Øm\apv. ^eZo]nIbn AXp kµÀ`him kqNn ¸n¨nt«bpÅq. aäp ]
e {KÙ§fnepw CXp hnkvXcn¨p hnhcn¨n«pv. PmXIm`cW¯n 60
tÇmI§fnemWv CXp hnh-cn-¨n-«p-ÅXv. A¸w henb
hnjbambXn\mepw AXpsh¨p IqSpXembn H¶pw ]dbm\nÃm
¯Xn\mepw Bbncn¡Ww at{´izc³ kÀhtXm`{ZN{Ihpw AXnsâ
^e§fpw hnkvXcn¡msX hn«Xv.
(49)
Zim]lmcmjvSIhÀ¤tKmNtc
{Ktljp \rWmw hnjaØntXjz]n
Pt]¨ XXv {]oXnIsscÊpIÀ½`nx
 [625]

ItcmXn im´nw {hXZm\hµss\x.

Zim]lmcmjvSIhÀ¤tKmNtc þ Zim]lmcw, AjvShÀ¤w,

tKmNcw ChIfnÂ
,{Ktljp \rWmw hnjaØntXjz]n þ {Kl§Ä a\pjyÀ¡p
{]XnIqeambn hcpt¼mÄ,
Pt]Xv N XXv {]oXnIsscx....... þ P]w, kXvIÀ½§Ä, {hXw,
Zm\w, hµ\w F¶ohsImv {Klim´n hcp¯Ww.

(50)
AlnwkIky Zm´ky [À½mÀÖnX[\ky N
kÀhZm \nbaØky kZm km\p{Klm {Klmx.

AlnwkIky þ Alnwk ]men¡p¶h³

Zm´ky þ Bßkwba\apÅh³
[À½mÀÖnX[\ky N þ [mÀ½nIambn BÀÖn¨
[\t¯mSpIqSnbh³
kÀhZm \nbaØky þ \nba¯n (ba\nba§fnÂ) hÀ¯n¡p¶h³
kZm km\p{Klm {Klmx.þC§s\bpÅh\v Ft¸mgpw
{Kl§fpsS A\p{Klw DmIpw.

Alnwk (HcmÄ¡pw H¶n\pw Hcphn[¯nepw t{Zmlw sN¿mXncn¡Â),

Bß\nb{´Ww, [mÀ½nIambnam{Xw [\k¼mZ\w XpS§nb kZv
KpW§tfmsS im´cmbn Pohn¡p¶hÀ¡v {Kl§Ä Ft¸mgpw A\p {Kl§Ä
sNmcnbp¶p.


 [626]

A²ymbw 27 - -k\ymktbmK§Ä
(1)
{KsslÝXpÀ`nx klntX J\mtY
{XntImWssKx tI{µKssXkvXp apàx
etá Krlmt´ kXn kuay`mtK
tIt{µ Kpcu tImWKtX N apàx

1. J\mtY þ ]¯mw`mhm[n]³
{KsslÝXpÀ`nx klntX þ \mep {Kl§fpsS IqsS
{XntImWssKx tI{µKssXkvXpþ {XntImW¯ntem
tI{µ¯ntem \n¶mÂ
apàx þ apà\mIpw.

2. etá Krlmt´ kXn þ P\\w eáwcminbpsS

Ahkm\`mK¯mhpI;
kuay`mtK þ B `mKw ip``mKamhpIbpw
sN¿pI
Kpcu þ Kpcp
tIt{µ tImWKtX N þ {XntImW¯ntem tI{µ¯ntem
\n¡pI
apàx þ F¶m apà\mIpw.

(2)
GIÀ£kwssØÝXpcmZnssIkvXp
{KsslÀhtZ¯{X _em\zntX\
{]{hPyXmw X{X hZ´n tINnXv
IÀtaiXpeymw klntX J\mtY.

1. GIÀ£kwssØx þ Hcp cminbn \n¡p¶

NXpcmZnssIkvXp {Ksslx þ \mtem AXne[nItam
{Kl§fnÂ
htZ¯{X _em\zntX\ þ _eapÅ {Kls¯s¡mp
{]{hPyXmw X{X hZ´n þ k\ymktbmKw ]dbWw
 [627]

2.klntX J\mtY. þ AXnÂ]¯mw`mhm[n]³Ds¦nÂ

IÀtaiXpeymw þ B {Kl¯n\p Xpeyamb
{]{hPymw X{X hZ´n tINnXv þ {]{hPysb (k\ymks¯)
]dbWw F¶p NneÀ.
(3)
iio ZrKmtW chnPky kwØnXx
IpPmÀ¡nZrjvtS {]ItcmXn Xm]kw
IpPmwitI hm chntP\ ZrjvtS
\hmwiXpeymw IYb´n Xw ]p\x.

iio ZrKmtW chnPky kwØnXx þ i\nbpsSt{Z¡mW ¯n \n¡p¶

N{µ\v
IpPmÀ¡n ZrjvtS {]ItcmXn Xm]kwþ IpPtâtbm i\nbptStbm
ZrjvSnbps¦nÂ
{]ItcmXn Xm]kw þ PmXI³ Xm]k\mIpw..
IpPmwitI hm chntP\ ZrjvtS þ IpPmwiI¯n \n¡p¶ N{µ\p
i\n ZrjvSnbp s¦nepw Xm]k\mIpw.
\hmwiXpeyw IYb´n Xw ]p\x.þ (N{µ³ \n¡p¶) \hmwia\pkcn¨p {]
{hPysb ]dbWw.

(4)
P·m[n]x kqcykptX\ ZrjvSx
tissjcZrjvSx ]pcpjky kpXu
BßobZo£mw IpcptX lyhiyw
]qÀthmàa{Xm]n hnNmcWobw.

P·m[n]x þ N{µeám[n]\v
tissjcZrjvSx ]pcpjky kpXu þ
asämcp {Kl¯nsâbpw ZrjvSnbnÃmsX
kqcykptX\ ZrjvSx þ
i\nZrjvSn am{Xw Ds¦nÂ
BßobZo£mw IpcptX lyhiyw þ
BßZo£ sN¿pw, k\ykn¡pw.
]qÀthmàa{Xm]n hnNmcWobw. þ
k\ymkk{¼Zmbw ChnsSbpw t\cs¯ ]dªXpt]mse (\hmwiwsIm-
v) ]dbWw
 [628]

. (5)
tbmKniw Zo£nXw hm IebXn XcWnþ
kv{XoÀ°]mÙw lnamwipÀþ
ZpÀa{´Úw N _u²m{ibah\nkptXm
tÚm aXm\yw {]hnjvSw
thZm´Úm\n\w hm bXnhcaatcþ
tUym `qKpÀenwKhr¯nw
{hmXyw ssieqjhr¯nw i\ncnl ]XnXw
hmY ]mjÞn\m hm.

k\ymkt`Zw :
(t\cs¯ ]dª ]¯mw`mhm[n]s\ / \hmwim[n]s\s¡mv) þþ
tbmKniw Zo£nXw hm IebXn XcWnx
kqcy³ : tbmKoizc³, Zo£nX³
XoÀ°]mÙw lnamwip þ N{µ³ : XoÀ°bm{X sN¿p¶h³
ZpÀa{´Úw N _u²m{ibah\nkptXm þ
IpP³ : ZpÀa{´§Ä,
Adnbp¶h³,, _u²³,
tÚm aXm\yw {]hnjvSw þ _p[³ : A\yaXw (aXw amdpw)
thZm´Úm\n\w hm bXnhcaatctUym þ
Kpcp : thZm´n, {_ÒÚm\n
`qKpÀenwKhr¯nw {hmXyw ssieqjhr¯nw
ip{I³ : enwKhr¯n , IÅ k\ymkn
i\ncnl ]XnXw hmY ]mjÞn\m hm.
i\n : ]XnX\pw ]mjÞnbpw
(thZhncp²³)
(6)
AXnib]ebpàx ioXKpx ip¢]t£
_ehnclnXta\w t{]£tX eá\mYw
bZn `hXn X]kzo ZpxJnXx timIX]vtXm
[\P\]cnlo\x Ir{Oe_v[m¶]m\x.

AXnib_ebpàx ioXKpx ip¢]t£ þ

shfp¯ ]£¯n hfsc _et¯msS \n¡p¶ N{µ³
_ehnclnXta\w t{]£tX eá\mYwþ ZpÀºe\mb eám[n]s\
 [629]

t\m¡p¶psh¦nÂ
bZn `hXn X]kzo þ B PmXI³ X]kzn bmIp¶psh¦nÂ
ZpxJnXx timIX]vtXm þ ZpJnX\pw timIX]vX\pw
[\P]cnlo\x þ [\hpw, _Ôp¡fpw CÃm¯\pw
Ir{Oe_v[m¶]m\x. þ A¶]m\§Ä¡v hnjan¡p¶
h\pambncn¡pw.
(ZpÀºe\mb eám[n]\m t\m¡s¸Sp¶psh¦n F¶pw ImWp¶p.)

(7)
{]IYnXap\ntbmtK cmPtbmtKm bZn kymþ
Zip`^ehn]mIw kÀÆap·qey ]ÝmXv
P\bXn ]rYnhoiw Zo£nXw km[pioew
{]WX\p]intcm`nx kv]rjvS]mZm_vPbpÜw.

{]IYnXap\ntbmtK þ apIfn ]dª k\ymk tbmK§fpsS IqsS

cmPtbmtKm bXnkymXv þ cmPtbmK§ÄIqSnbps¦nÂ
Aip`^ehn]mIw kÀÆap·qey þ Aip`^e§sfsbÃmw \in¸n¨v
Zo£nXw km[pioew þ Zo£nX\pw km[pioe\pamb,
{]WX \p]intcm`nkv]rjvS ]mZm_vPbpÜw þ
cmPm¡·mÀ t]mepw ]mZ§Ä sXm«phµn¡p¶
]ÝmXv P\bXn ]rYnhoiw þ cmPmhmIpw

(8)
NXzmtcm ZypNcmx J\mYklnXmx
tIt{µ {XntImtW f Yhm
kpØmt\ _en\kv{Xtbm bZn XZm
k\ymkkn²nÀ `thXv
kZv_mlpeyhim¨ X{X kpip`þ
Øm\ØnssXkvssXÀhtZXv
{]{hPymw alnXmw kXma`naXmw
tNZ\yYm \nµnXmw.

J\mYklnXmx þ ]¯mw`mhm[n]\S¡apÅ
NXzmtcm ZypNcmx þ \mep {Kl§Ä
tIt{µ {XntImtW AYhm þ tI{µ¯ntem AsænÂ
{XntImW¯ntem \n¡pI
 [630]

kpØmt\ _en\kv{Xtbm bZn XZm þ kpØm\§fn _eapÅ aq¶p

{Kl§Ä \n¡pI; F¦nÂ
k\ymkkn²nÀ `thXv þ k\ymkkn²nbpmIpw.

3.kZv_mlpeyhim¨ þ CXn ip`{Kl§Ä A[nIapmIpIbpw

X{X kpip`Øm\ØnssXkvssXÀ þ
Ah ip`Øm\§fn \n¡pIbpw sNbvXmÂ
htZXv {]{hPymw alnXmw kXma`naXmw þ k¯p¡Ä am\n¡p¶
al¯mb {]{hPysb ]dbWw
4.tNZ\yYm \nµnXmw.þ CXn\p hn]coXambn Aip`·mcpw Aip`
Øm\§fpw h¶mÂ
\nµn¡s¸Sp¶h\pamIpw.

A²ymbw 28 - D]kwlmcw
(1þ 4)
kwÚm[ymbx ImctIm hÀ¤kwtÚm
hocym[ymbx IÀ½mPothm f Y tbmKx
tbmtKm cmÚmw cminiotem {KlmWmw
tajmZo\mw eák{¼m]vXioex.
`mcym`mthm PmXIw Iman\o\mw
kq\pÀ_memcnjvStbmtKm f Y tcmKx
`mhkvXkvamXv ZzmZimhm]vX`mhm
\ncymWw kymZv Zzn{KlmZymÝ XkvamXv.
kqcymZo\mw bXv^ew X±im]vXw
`mhmZo\maoizcm¦m Zim N
kqcymZo\ma´cmJym Zimf Y
khymkhym ImeNt{Im f jvShÀKx
 [631]

tlmcmkmcmhm]vX bZyjvShÀtKm
amµy[ymtbm tKmNcx kymXv {]{hPyx
A[ymbm\mw hnwiXnx k]vXbpàm³
P·t\yXZvtKm f Pw kwhZman.

hnjbhnhcw
A²ymbw hnjbw
1. kwÚm[ymbx þ cminIsfbp `mh§sfbpw
Ipdn¨pÅ hnhc§Ä
2. ImctIm þ {Kl§fpsS ImcIXz§Ä
3. hÀ¤kwtÚm þ ZihÀ¤§Ä
4. hocym[ymbx þ {Kl_ew (jUv_ew)
5. IÀ½mPoh þ IÀ½mPohw (D]Poh\amÀ¤w)
6. tbmKx þ tbmK§Ä
7. tbmtKm cmÚmw þ kzXxkn²cmPtbmK§Ä
8. cminiotem {KlmWmwþ H¼Xp {Kl§Ä ]{´p
`mh§fn \n¶mepÅ ^e§Ä
9. tajmZo\mw eák{¼m]vXioex. þ taSw XpS§nb
eá^ehpw aäpw
10. `mcym`mthm þ If{X`mhw
11. PmXIw Iman\o\mwþ kv{XoPmXIw
12. kq\p þ ]p{X`mhw
13. _memcnjvStbmtKmþ _memcnjvSpw BbpÊpw
14. tcmKx þ tcmKw, acWw, apÖ·hpw
hcpw P·hpw
15. `mhx þ `mhNn´ (`mh_ehpw aäpw)
16. ZzmZimhm]vX`mhmþ ZzmZi`mh^ew
17. \ncymWw þ \ncymWw
18. Zzn{KlmZymÝ þ Zzn{KltbmK§Ä
19. kqcymZo\mw bXv^ew X±im]vXw þ Zim^ew
20. kqcymZo\ma´cmJym Zim f Y þ A´À±im^ew
(A]lmc^ew)
21. {]Xy´À±im^ewþ {]Xy´À±im^ew
22. ImeNt{Im þ ImeN{IZi XpS§nbh
23,24 AjvShÀtKm þ AjvSÀ¤w
25 amµy[ymtbm þ amµn XpS§nb D]{Kl§Ä
 [632]

26. tKmNcx kymXv þ tKmNcw

27. {]{hPyx þ k\ymktbmK§Ä
A[ymbm\mw hnwiXnx k]vXbpàm³ þ
BsI 27 A²ymb§Ä
28 A²ym-b-hn-h-chpw {KÙImcs\¡pdn¨pw

{KÙImcs\¡pdn¨v

(5 -þ 6)
{ioimenhmSnPmtX\ abm at{´iztcW ssh
ssZhtÚ\ ZznPmt{KyW kXmw tPymXnÀhnZmw aptZ.
kpIp´fmw_mw k¼qPy kÀhm`ojvS{]Zmbn\ow
XXvISm£hntitjW IrXm bm ^eZo]nIm.

{ioimenhmSnPmtX\ þ {ioimenhmSnbnÂ
(Xncps\ÂthenbnÂ) P\n¨
ssZhtÚ\ ZznPmt{KW þ ssZhÚ\pw {_mÒW\pamb
abm at{´iztcW ssh þ at{´izcs\¶ F¶mÂ
kXmw tPymXnÀhnZmw aptZ þ k¯p¡fmbtPymXnj
]ÞnX·mcpsS
tamZ¯n\mbns¡mv
kÀhm`ojvS{]Zmbn\ow þ FÃm B{Kl§fpw
km[n¨p
Xcp¶
kpIp´fmw_mw k¼qPy þ Ip´fmw_.sb ]qPn¨v
XXvISm£hntitjW þ B tZhnbpsS A\p{Kl
ISm£wsImv
IrXm bm ^eZo]nIm. þ cNn¡s¸«XmWv Cu ^eZo]nI.


 [633]

IS-]-bmZn A£ckwJy1 2 3 4 5
6 7 8 9 0
I J- K- L -M- N- O -P -Q- R
-S- T- U -V -W -X Y -Z -[- \-
] -^ --_ ` -a-
b- c -e -h -i j- k -l -f g, d
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0

\nba§Ä
1 kwJyIfpsS {Iaw he¯p\n¶pw CSt¯m«v
2 AImcmZn kzcm£c§Ä ]Xn\mdpw ]qPyw
3 Iq«£c§fn Xmsg hcp¶ A£c¯nsâ kwJy.
d Iq«£cambm c bpsS kwJy
4 hyRvP\§tfmSv kzcw tNÀ¶m hyRvP\¯nnsâ
kwJy Xs¶.
5. 9þ\p tijw ]qPyw h¶m 10, 1 h¶m 11 Cu {Ia¯nÂ.

{Kl-§-fpsS an{X i{Xp ka _Ô-§Ä

{Klw an{Xw ka³ i{Xp
kqcy\v NIpKp _p ipa
N{µ\v c_p IpKp-ipa CÃ
IpP\v cNKp ip a _p
_p[\v c ip IpKpa N
Kpcp-hn\v cNIp a _pip
 [634]

ip{I\v _pa IpKp cN

i\n¡v _pip Kp cNIp
==============