Types of Storage Tanks

Atmospheric Storage Tanks (pressure up to 2.5 lbf/in.2(psi) (18 kPa) gauge)

Low-Pressure Storage Tanks (2.5 lbf/in.2 (psi) (18 kPa) gauge TO 15 lbf/in.2 (103 kPa) gauge)

Atmospheric storage tanks are generally welded

API 12E- wooden tanks
API 12A- riveted tanks
API 12B- bolted tanks
API 625 covers the selection, design and construction of tank systems for
refrigerated liquefied gas storage on land.
API 653 provides information pertaining to requirements for inspection,
repair, and reconstruction of aboveground storage tanks. Information for the
construction of atmospheric storage tanks is given in API 12A (withdrawn), API 12B,
API 12C (the predecessor to API 650 and now withdrawn), API 12D, API 12E
(withdrawn), API 12F, API 650, API 620 and API 2000.
Vapour pressure is a measure of the tendency of a material to change into the gaseous
or vapour state, and it increases with temperature. that is less than atmospheric pressure.
Types of Atmospheric Storage Tank Roofs
Fixed Roof Tank
1. Cone Roof Tank
2. Umbrella Roof Tank
3. Geodesic Dome Roof Tank
4. Self-supporting Dome Roof Tank

Floating-Roof Tank
1. Pan Type Floating-roof Tank
2. Annular-pontoon Floating-roof Tank
3. Double-deck Floating-roof Tank

External Inspection of an In-service Tank

1. Ladder and Stairway Inspection
2. Platform and Walkway Inspection
3. Foundation Inspection
4. Anchor Bolt Inspection
5. Grounding Connection Inspection
6. Protective Coating Inspection
7. Insulation Inspection
8. Tank Shell Inspection
9. Tank Roof Inspection
10. Auxiliary Equipment Inspection

Tank Shell Inspection

1. Thickness Measurements
2. Stiffeners and Wind Girders
3. Caustic Cracking
4. Hydrogen Blisters
5. Leaks, Crack-like Flaws, and Distortion
6. Rivet Inspection