Answers to 2017–2018 F3-CHEM Final Examination

Section A: Multiple choices

Question no. Key Question no. Key Question no. Key

1 C 11 A 21 A
2 B 12 D 22 C
3 A 13 C 23 A
4 C 14 C 24 C
5 B 15 D 25 B
6 D 16 D 26 B
7 C 17 C 27 C
8 C 18 A 28 D
9 A 19 B 29 C
10 A 20 D 30 B
[A: 7; B: 6; C: 11; D: 6]
Section B: Structured questions

1. (a) Halogens 1
(b) r (= 35 – 2 – 8 – 7) = 18 1
(c) Chlorine is more reactive than bromine. ∵ the reactivity of halogens (Group VII 1
elements) decreases down the group.
(d) Any ONE: 1
- Wear safety spectacles.
- Wear protective gloves.
- Perform experiments involving bromine in the fume cupboard.
[2014 Aristo S4 Final Term Exam Paper] 4

2. (a) Abundance of third isotope = 100 – 78.8 – 11.7 = 9.5 % 1

(b) Let the mass number of the third isotope be y.
(c) ( 24 ×78.8 ) + ( 25 ×11.7 ) + ( y ×9.5 ) 1*
= 24.3
100
(d) 9.5y = 2430 – (1891.2 + 292.5) = 246.3 (1)
y = 246.3 / 9.5 = 25.93 1*

1
 (e) y = 26 (as y should be an integer) 1
AQA GCE A-LEVEL CHEMISTRY (2018 SPECIMEN PAPER) 4
Note: Relative atomic mass of an element is the weighted average of the relative isotopic
masses of all the naturally occurring isotopes of that element on the 12C = 12.00
scale.
3. (a) A molecule is the smallest part of an element or a compound which can exist on its 1
own under room conditions (25C and 1 atmospheric pressure).
(b) A nitrogen atom has five electrons in its outermost shell. To attain an electronic
arrangement of the nearest noble gas, each nitrogen atom shares three of its 1
outermost shell electrons with another nitrogen atom. As a result, a triple covalent
bond forms, giving a diatomic nitrogen molecule.
(c) 1

Note:
Nitrogen is unreactive because to react with other elements, the strong triple covalent bond
between the nitrogen atoms has to be broken first, which requires a lot of energy.

(d) There are three bond pairs and two lone pairs of electrons in a nitrogen molecule. 1
(e) (i) Li3N (lithium nitride) NOT N3Li 1
(ii) 1
N

(f) Both phosphorus and nitrogen are INSOLUBLE in water. / 1

Both phosphorus and nitrogen do NOT conduct electricity (at room conditions). /
Both phosphorus and nitrogen have low melting points.
(Accept other possible answers.)
Textbook (modified from Part Exercise Q.17) 7

4. (a) Isotopes (of hydrogen) 1

Isotopes are different atoms of the same element, with the same number of protons
(same atomic number) but different numbers of neutrons (different mass numbers).
(b) (i) 2D2(g) + O2(g)  2D2O(l) NOT 4D(g) + O2(g)  2D2O(l) 1

2
 (ii) They have SAME chemical properties towards the reaction with oxygen. 1
This is because both isotopes have the same number of electrons and
protons (and hence same electronic arrangement).
(iii) 1
D D

(iv) relative molecular mass of H2O = 1.0  2 + 16.0 = 18.0

relative molecular mass of D2O = 2.0  2 + 16.0 = 20.0 1
 heavy water (D2O) has a larger molecular mass than water (H2O) and
it is heavier/has a higher density (higher mass/volume ratio).

5. (a) (i) Calcium cation (Ca2+) and tungstate anion (WO42-) 1

(ii) Ionic bonding 1

Note: Ionic bonds between calcium ions and tungstate ions, but covalent bonds
between W atom and O atoms in tungstate anion

(b) CaWO4 + Na2CO3  CaCO3 + Na2WO4 1

Note: correct formulae and coefficients

(c) WF6 + 4H2O  H2WO4 + 6HF 1

Note: correct formulae and coefficients

[4]

6. (a) (i) 1
3+ 2-
xx O
2 Cr 3

(ii) 2Cr2O3(s) + 3C(s) → 4Cr(s) + 3CO2(g) 1

Note: correct formulae and coefficients

(iii) Silvery solid is formed. 1

(b) (i) Mg is extracted by electrolysis of its molten ores. 1

Ag is extracted by heating its oxide alone / displacement from solution. 1

3
 (ii) A more reactive metal forms a more stable oxide and it is more difficult to 1
be extracted. ∴ Mg > Cr > Ag

[6]

7. (a) : 24 1

(b) (i) To prevent titanium from reacting with oxygen to give titanium oxide 1

(ii) Formula mass of Ti3Au = 3 × 47.9 + 197.0 = 340.7

3× 47.9 1
 % by mass of Ti =  100 = 42.18%
340.7

(iii) Mass of Ti = 40 kg  42.18% = 16.87 kg or 16.9 kg or 17 kg 1

Mass of Au = 40 × 197.0 / 340.7 OR = 40 kg – 16.87 kg
= 23.13 kg or 23.1 kg or 23 kg 1

(c) (i) Titanium(III) nitride 1

(ii) xx 1
3+ 3-
Ti x
o N oo

xx

(d) (i) A covalent bond is formed by sharing of electrons between two bonding 1
atoms. Covalent bond is the strong (directional) electrostatic force of
attraction between the shared electrons pairs and the nuclei of the two
bonding atoms.

4
 (ii) Cl 1

Cl Ti Cl

Cl

(e) (i) NH4Cl 1

(ii) dative covalent bond 1

(iii) H 1

H N H

(f) Both HCl and N2 have covalent bonds 1

HCl has one single bond but N2 has one triple bond 1

[14]

8. (a) Magnesium 1
Greatest temperature rise and effervescence is the fastest 1
(b) Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq)  FeSO4(aq) + Cu(s) 1,1
Note: 1 mark for correct formulae and coefficients, 1 mark for correct state symbols.

(c) (i) Hydrogen 1

(ii) Mg(s) + 2HCl(aq)  MgCl2(aq) + H2(g) 1
(d) (i) ANY TWO of the following: 1,1
Concentration of copper(II) sulphate solution
Mass of metals used (the best is number of moles of metals used)
Surface area of the metals

5
 (ii)
Metal Temperature change / oC Mean temperature change /
o
Trial 1 Trial 2 Trial 3 C

Copper 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0

7.0 4.0 9.5 6.8
Gold 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Lead 3.5 3.0 3.5 3.3
Nickel 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0
Silver 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
12.5 13.0 13.5 13.0

Correct temperature for copper 1

Correct mean temperature change 1
(iii) Iron shows the largest fluctuations in temperature 1
(iv) Both silver and copper show no temperature change 1
(v) Silver nitrate solution 1
Add copper and silver to silver nitrate nitration respectively. Silvery white 1
solid is deposited in the case of copper but no observable change in the case of
silver, showing copper can displace silver from silver nitrate solution. Thus, silver is less reactive than copper.

Note: Cu(s) + 2AgNO3(aq)  Cu(NO3)2(aq) + 2Ag(s) [14]

9. (a) No. of moles of C3H6O2 molecules

12.0 g 1
= = 0.1622mol
( 12.0×3+1.0×6+16.0×2) g mol -1
(b) No. of C3H6O2 molecules
= 0.1622 mol × 6.02×1023 mol-1 1
= 9.764 × 1022
(c) Total number of atoms
= 9.764 × 1022 ×11 1
= 1.074 × 1024 1
[4]

6
10. (a) Molar mass of (NH4)2Fe(SO4)26H2O
= 2(14.0 + 1.0 × 4) + 55.8 + 2(32.1 + 16.0 × 4) + 6(1.0 × 2 + 16.0)
= 392 g mol-1 1

(b) No. of moles of (NH4)2Fe(SO4)26H2O

150.0 g 1
=
392 g mol-1
= 0.3827 mol
No. of moles of ions = 0.3827mol × 5 = 1.9135 mol 1
23 -1
No. of ions = 1.9135mol × 6.02×10 mol
= 1.152 × 1024

(c) Mass of water present in 80.0 g of (NH4)2Fe(SO4)26H2O

6 H2 O 1
= 80.0 g ×
(N H4 ) 2 Fe(S O4 ) 2 ∙6 H2 O
6(1.0 ×2+16.0)
= 80.0 g ×
392
1
= 22.04 g

[5]

11. (a) Mass of phosphorus

2P 1
= 1000 kg ×
Ca3 (P O4 ) 2

= 1000 kg × 2× 31.0
¿¿
= 199.8 kg

(b) No. of moles of P4 molecules

199.8×10 3 g 1
= = 1611.3mol
( 31.0×4 ) g mol -1
No. of P4 molecules = 1611.3 mol × 6.02×1023 mol-1 1
26
= 9.70 × 10

[3]

7
8
 M.C. Analysis

1. ∵ when a proton is added to the nucleus of an atom, an new element is formed which has different chemical
properties from the original atom.
Ans.: C
2. Milk is a mixture of many components such as water, proteins and sugars.
Ans.: B
3. Upon heating, a mixture of iron and sulphur gives a black substance of iron(II) sulphide but NOT iron(III)
sulphide. Iron(II) sulphide is insoluble in water. Iron(II) sulphide can react with dilute hydrochloric acid to
form hydrogen sulphide gas with a bad egg smell.
Ans.: A
4. Elements in the same Group of the Periodic Table has similar chemical properties. Reactivities of Group I and
Group II metals increases down the group but that of Group VII halogens decreases down the Group.
Moreover, there is a gradual change from gas state (F 2, Cl2) to liquid state (Br2) then to solid state (I2) down the
Group for halogens.
Ans.: C
5. Given Y is a noble gas, X could be hydrogen or any halogens of the same Period. Z must be a Group I metal
of the next Period.
Ans.: B
6. Number of electrons in Na+ = 11-1 = 10
A: Incorrect. Number of electrons in NH3 = 7 + 3 = 10
B: Incorrect. Number of electrons in NH4+ = 7 + 4 - 1 = 10
C: Incorrect. Number of electrons in NH2- = 7 + 2 + 1 = 10
D: Correct. Number of electrons in NH2+ = 7 + 2 - 1 = 8

Ans.: D
2+ 3+
7. Ni and Cr ions are all green in colour as they are positively charged, they will be attracted towards the
negative electrode. A green patch will be observed. Fe3+ is yellow in colour.
Ans.: C
8. Since a sulphide of palladium (Pd) has a chemical formula of PdS, the charge of palladium ion is +2.
Therefore, the chemical formula made up of this palladium ion and phosphate ion, PO43- is
Pd2+ PO43-

Pd3 (PO4)2
Ans.: C
9. (1): Correct. C6H12O6 has simple molecular structure. It exists as molecules.
(2): Incorrect. The Ca2+ ions and OH- ions are attracted by ionic bonds.
(3): Incorrect. The NH4+ ions and SO42- ions are attracted by ionic bonds.

Ans.: A

9
10. A: Correct.

B: Incorrect.

C: Incorrect.

D: Incorrect.

Ans.: A
11. A: Correct. Number of lone pair = 12

B: Incorrect. Number of lone pair = 1

C: Incorrect. Number of lone pair = 8

D: Incorrect. Number of lone pair = 6

I I

Ans.: A

10
12. (1): Correct. Atoms of A contains 4 outsermost shell electrons. It forms covalent bonds with atom of B, it
is a non-metal. Therefore, it forms a compound with oxygen of formula AO2.
(2): Incorrect. Atoms of B contains 5 outsermost shell electrons. It belongs to Group V of the Periodic
Table.
(3): Incorrect. C is a cation, it is a metal. It will not react with magnesium

Ans.: D
13. The formula of the compound formed is Cr2O3, the formula mass is 2 × 52.0 + 3 × 16.0 = 152.0
Ans.: C
14. The formula of chlorine gas is Cl2, the relative molecular mass of chlorine gas is 2 × 35.5 = 71.0
Ans.: C
15. common sense
Ans.: D
16. (1): Correct. Lead(II) oxide reacts with carbon to give lead metal and carbon dioxide.
(2): Correct. Iron(III) oxide reacts with carbon monoxide to give iron metal and carbon dioxide.
(3): Correct. As metal reactivity decreases across the period and increases down the group, lithium has
reactivity similar to calcium. Electrolysis of molten lithium oxide gives lithium metal and oxygen.
Ans.: D
17. Cadmium is between zinc and lead in the reactivity series. To extract cadmium, electrolysis of molten
cadmium compounds and heating cadmium oxide with carbon are possible to obtain cadmium. However,
heating calcium oxide strongly alone cannot.
Ans.: C
18. Group I elements are more reactive than Group II and reactivity increases down the group.
Ans.: A
19. Mn can displace the metals of three aqueous metal ions. Cr can displace the metals of two aqueous metal ions.
Fe can displace the metal of one aqueous metal ions. Sn cannot displace any metals from all the aqueous metal
ions. Thus, Cr is the second most reactive metal.
Ans.: B
20. (1): Incorrect. The residue contains zinc and copper.
(2): Incorrect. The filtrate contains zinc ions and copper(II) ions.
(3): Incorrect. The colour intensity of the solution decreases.
Ans.: D
21. Expt 1: Billium is less reactive than calcium.
Expt 2: Billium is more reactive than lead.
Expt 3: Billium is more reactive than iron.
Expt 4: Billium is less reactive than aluminium.
Expt 5: Billium is less reactive than zinc.
Thus, billium is between zinc and iron in the metal reactivity series.
Ans.: A
22. (1): Correct. Iron reacts with oxygen to give iron(II)iron(III) oxide which is black solid.
(2): Incorrect. Mercury reacts with oxygen to give mercury(II) oxide which is red solid.
(3): Correct. Copper reacts with oxygen to give copper(II) oxide which is black solid.
Ans.: C
23. (1): Calcium reacts with both cold water and steam.

11
 (2): Lead does not react with cold water and steam.
(3): Magnesium have little or no reaction with cold water but reacts with steam.
Ans.: A
24. A: Incorrect. Sodium reacts explosively with dilute sulphuric acid.
B: Incorrect. Lead reacts slowly with dilute sulphuric acid to produce hydrogen. In addition, the
insoluble lead(II) sulphate formed covers the surface of lead to stop the reaction.
C: Correct. Zinc reacts with dilute sulphuric acid to give hydrogen.
D: Incorrect. Copper does not react with dilute sulphuric acid to give hydrogen.
Ans.: C
25.
Substance Number of mol of ions Number of ions
0.7 mol of Na2O 0.7 mol × 3 = 2.1 mol 2.1 mol×L
0.9 mol of CaO 0.9 mol × 2 = 1.8 mol 1.8 mol×L
0.5 mol of Al2O3 0.5 mol × 5 = 2.5 mol 2.5 mol×L
0.8 mol of MgCl2 0.8 mol × 3 = 2.4 mol 2.4 mol×L
Ans.: B

26. The formula of this metal sulphate is M2SO4.

Let the relative atomic mass of M be m.
Formula mass of M2SO4 = 2m + 32.1 + 16.0 × 4 = 2m + 96.1.
71.05 g
Number of moles of metal sulphate = 0.5 mol =
( 2m+96.1 ) g mol -1
m = 23.0
Ans.: B
2.4 g
27. Number of moles of O2 molecules = = 0.075 mol
( 16.0×2 ) g mol-1
∴ number of moles of O atoms present = 0.075 mol × 2 mol = 0.15 mol
number of O atoms present = 0.15 mol×L where L = Avogadro constant
0.15 L = x
x
L=
0.15
12.0 g
Number of moles of He atoms = = 3.0 mol
4.0 g mol -1
x
No. of He atoms = 3.0mol×L = 3.0× =20 x
0.15
Ans.: C
n H2 O 3.15 g
28. =
MgS O 4 ∙n H 2 O 6.156 g
n(1.0×2+16.0) 3.15
=
[24.3+32.1+16.0×4+n ( 1.0×2+16.0 ) ] 6.156
n=7
Ans.: D
29. Option A is wrong ∵ 0.5 mol of Ar contains 0.5 mol × 6.02  10 mol atoms.
23 -1

12
 Option B is wrong ∵0.5 mol of H2 contains 0.5 mol × 6.02  1023 mol-1 H2 molecules.
Option C is correct ∵0.5 mol of H2O contains 0.5 mol ×2× 6.02  1023 mol-1 H atoms.
Option D is wrong ∵0.5 mol of Li2O contains 0.5 mol × 6.02  1023 mol-1 O2- ions.
Ans.: C
30. First and second statements are correct, but second statement is not the explanation of the first statement.
Ans.: B

13