Exam

Name___________________________________

MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement or answers the
question.

1) Which coenzyme is used in the following reaction? 1)

H H
| |
-C- C- -C=C-
| | | |

A) NAD+ B) FADH2 C) FAD D) NADH E) FMN

Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-1

2) Which coenzyme is used in the following reaction? 2)

OH O
|
- C- - C-
|
H

A) FMN B) NADH C) FADH2 D) FAD E) NAD+

Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-2

1
3) NAD+ participates in reactions that produce 3)
A) phosphorylation.
B) a C-C bond.
C) a CH2 group.
D) ADP from ATP.
E) a C=O bond.
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-3

4) FAD is a coenzyme which usually participates in 4)

A) formation of carbon-carbon double bonds.
B) phosphorylation reactions.
C) oxidation of alcohols to aldehydes.
D) decarboxylation reactions.
E) -oxidation reactions.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-4

5) In order to enter the citric acid cycle, pyruvate is first converted to 5)

A) oxaloacetate.
B) acetaldehyde.
C) ethanol.
D) acetyl CoA.
E) citrate.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-5

2
6) The citric acid cycle is used in the oxidation of 6)
A) carbohydrates, fatty acids, and proteins.
B) carbohydrates only.
C) fatty acids only.
D) proteins only.
E) carbohydrates and fatty acids only.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-6

7) What coenzyme(s) is(are) used in the citric acid cycle? 7)

A) FMN
B) NAD+ + FAD
C) NAD+ only
D) FAD only
E) NADH + FADH2 + HS - CoA
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-7

8) Which of the following compounds in the citric acid cycle undergoes oxidative decarboxylation? 8)
A) isocitrate
B) citrate
C) succinyl CoA
D) fumarate
E) succinate
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-8

3
 9) Which of the following is the net reaction for one turn of the citric acid cycle? 9)
A) Acetyl CoA + 3 NAD+ + FAD + GDP + Pi + 2H2 O 2CO2 + 3 NADH + 3 H+ + FADH2 + HS
- CoA + GTP
B) Glucose + 2GDP + 2 Pi 2Lactate + 2GTP
C) Glucose + 2 NAD+ + 2GDP + 2 Pi + 2H2 O 2Pyruvate + 2 NADH + 2 H+ + GTP
D) Acetyl CoA + NAD+ + FAD + GDP + Pi 2 CO2 + NADH + H+ + FADH2 + HS - CoA +
GTP
E) Pyruvate + 3 NAD+ + FAD + GDP + Pi + 2H2 O 3 CO2 + 3 NADH + 3 H+ + FADH2 + GTP
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-9

10) The citric acid cycle operates only under aerobic conditions because 10)
A) oxygen is a product of the citric acid cycle.
B) oxygen is a reactant in the citric acid cycle.
C) the NADH and FADH2 produced by the citric acid cycle can only be reoxidized by the
electron transport chain.
D) the NAD+ and FAD produced by the citric acid cycle can only be reduced by the electron
transport.
E) CO2 is a product of the citric acid cycle.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-10

4
11) When oxygen is in plentiful supply in the cell, pyruvate is converted to 11)
A) fructose.
B) CoA.
C) lactate.
D) glucose.
E) acetyl CoA.
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-11

12) Which of the three major stages of metabolism includes the citric acid cycle? 12)
A) Stage one B) Stage two C) Stage three
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-12

13) The citric acid cycle takes place in the 13)

A) mitochondria.
B) cytosol.
C) endoplasmic reticulum.
D) cytoplasm.
E) Golgi apparatus.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-13

5
14) Most of the energy released in the citric acid cycle is used to produce 14)
A) acetyl CoA.
B) carbon dioxide and water.
C) glucose.
D) NADH and FADH2 .
E) citric acid.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-14

15) Another name for the citric acid cycle is 15)

A) glucolysis.
B) the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle.
C) the transamination pathway.
D) electron transport.
E) glycolysis.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-15

16) Another name for the citric acid cycle is 16)

A) glucose hydrolysis.
B) gluconeogenesis.
C) the chemiosmotic pump.
D) the Krebs cycle.
E) oxidative phosphorylation.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-16

6
17) In the first reaction of the citric acid cycle, 17)
A) NADH is produced.
B) pyruvate becomes CO2 and H2 O.
C) ATP is produced.
D) glucose becomes pyruvate.
E) acetyl CoA reacts with oxaloacetate to give citrate.
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-17

18) During the first reaction in the citric acid cycle, 18)
A) ATP is synthesized.
B) HS- CoA is released.
C) acetyl CoA is made.
D) a decarboxylation occurs.
E) a decomposition occurs.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-18

19) The transformation of citrate to isocitrate in the citric acid cycle requires a(n) ________ reaction. 19)
A) decarboxylation
B) dehydration-hydration
C) oxidation
D) hydrolysis
E) reduction
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-19

7
20) The citric acid cycle reaction that removes the first CO2 molecule is a(n) 20)
A) hydrolysis.
B) reduction.
C) carbonylation.
D) oxidative decarboxylation.
E) combination.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-20

21) In the third reaction of the citric acid cycle, NAD+ is converted to 21)
A) NADH + H+ .
B) NAS- .
C) NAD2+ .
D) NAD.
E) NADH2 .
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-21

22) Reaction 5 of the citric acid cycle is the hydrolysis of succinyl CoA. In this reaction, 22)
A) carbon dioxide is released.
B) the energy released is used to make GTP.
C) -ketoglutarate is released.
D) the enzyme aconitase is needed.
E) the energy released is used to make ATP.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-22

8
23) In reaction 5 of the citric acid cycle, the hydrolysis of succinyl CoA, CoA is released as 23)
A) HS-CoA.
B) HO-CoA.
C) CoA-S- .
D) CoA-COO- .
E) CoA-O- .
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-23

24) The GTP formed in reaction 5 of the citric acid cycle is used to make 24)
A) carbon dioxide.
B) oxygen.
C) CoA.
D) ATP.
E) water.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-24

25) In the oxidation of succinate to fumarate in the citric acid cycle, the coenzyme is 25)
A) NAD+ .
B) FAD.
C) acetyl CoA.
D) NADH.
E) CoA.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-25

9
26) In reaction 7 of the citric acid cycle, fumarate is converted to malate by a ________ reaction. 26)
A) hydration
B) dehydration
C) dehydrogenation
D) hydrogenation
E) hydrolysis
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-26

27) The last reaction in the citric acid cycle converts malate to 27)
A) oxaloacetate.
B) succinate.
C) citrate.
D) fumarate.
E) isocitrate.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-27

28) One method of regulation of the citric acid cycle is 28)

A) water concentration.
B) temperature control.
C) carbon dioxide production.
D) allosteric control.
E) osmosis.
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-28

10
29) One turn of the citric acid cycle produces ________ NADH + H+ . 29)
A) one B) two C) three D) four E) five
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-29

30) The process which combines hydrogen ions and electrons from the coenzymes with oxygen to 30)
form water is called
A) reduction.
B) fermentation.
C) electron transport.
D) decomposition.
E) oxidation.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-30

31) Which of the following metabolic pathways can occur in the absence of oxygen? 31)
A) oxidative phosphorylation
B) electron transport
C) citric acid cycle
D) glycolysis
E) -oxidation
Answer: D
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-31

11
32) Under anaerobic conditions, there is a net production of ________ ATP during glycolysis. 32)
A) zero B) two C) four D) six E) eight
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-32

33) Cyanide ion and carbon monoxide inhibit 33)

A) electron flow between cytochrome c and complex IV.
B) CoQ formation.
C) antibiotic activity.
D) ATP production.
E) CoA formation.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-33

34) In the chemiosmotic model, protons circulate through a protein complex called 34)
A) CoQ.
B) FMN.
C) Complex III.
D) Cyt c.
E) ATP synthase.
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-34

12
35) The components of electron transport do NOT include 35)
A) oxygen (O2 ).
B) Cyt c.
C) CoQ.
D) Complex III.
E) acetyl CoA.
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-35

36) In the chemiosmotic model of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP is synthesized as 36)

A) electrons flow through ATP synthase.
B) Na+ flows through ATP synthase.
C) OH- flows through ATP synthase.
D) Ca2+ flows through ATP synthase.
E) H+ flows through ATP synthase.
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-36

37) In electron transport, the synthesis of ATP from ADP + Pi is called 37)
A) oxidative phosphorylation.
B) hydrolysis.
C) glycolysis.
D) fermentation.
E) isomerization.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-37

13
38) In electron transport, the three protein complexes (I, III, and IV) 38)
A) act as Ca2+ pumps, which generate a Ca 2+ gradient.
B) act as proton pumps, which generate a proton gradient.
C) act as electron pumps, which generate an electron gradient.
D) transfer electrons from NAD+ to O2 .
E) transfer electrons from FAD to O2 .
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-38

39) In electron transport, the oxidized product from the reaction of CoQ + NADH + H+ is 39)
A) CoQH2 . B) FAD. C) NAD+ . D) FADH. E) CoQ.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-39

40) The reduced coenzyme ________ provides 1.5 ATP via electron transport. 40)
A) FADH2
B) HS-CoA
C) NADH
D) acetyl CoA
E) NADPH
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-40

14
41) In electron transport, NADH and FADH2 are used to provide 41)
A) carbon atoms.
B) electrons and hydrogen ions.
C) water and carbon dioxide.
D) oxygen.
E) thiol groups.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-41

42) The energy released during electron transport is used to produce 42)
A) NADH.
B) carbon dioxide.
C) ATP.
D) glucose.
E) citric acid.
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-42

43) The compounds in electron transport that remove hydrogen ions and electrons from NADH are 43)
classified as
A) oxidative transporters.
B) phosphorylators.
C) citrates.
D) osmotic carriers.
E) electron carriers.
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-43

15
44) One example of an electron carrier in electron transport is 44)
A) coenzyme Q.
B) water.
C) GTP.
D) ATP.
E) citrate.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-44

45) Which is the best choice for the box labeled "Answer" in the illustration below? 45)

A) reduced carrier BH2

B) carbon dioxide
C) energy
D) OH-
E) oxidized carrier B
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-45

16
46) Uncouplers of ATP synthase 46)
A) break down ATP synthase.
B) transport H+ through the inner mitochondrial membrane.
C) allow H+ to bypass ATP synthase.
D) bypass CoQ.
E) stop pumping H+ into the intermembrane space.
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-46

47) When combined with electron transport, one turn of the citric acid cycle produces ________ ATP. 47)
A) 10 B) 12 C) 2 D) 24 E) 14
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-47

48) What is the correct coefficient for ATP in the complete reaction of glucose? 48)

C6 H 12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + _____ ATP + 6H2 O

A) 12 B) 24 C) 32 D) 6 E) 18
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-48

17
49) Which of the following is NOT a possible product of pyruvate under anaerobic conditions? 49)
A) ethanol B) fumarate C) lactate D) CO2
Answer: B
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-49

50) In stage three of metabolism, the overall result is to release 50)

A) carbon dioxide and energy.
B) glycogen and water.
C) lactate and glucose.
D) glucose and water.
E) lactate and acetyl CoA.
Answer: A
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-50

51) Overall, one turn of the citric acid cycle produces 51)
A) 6 ATP.
B) 2 GTP.
C) three CO2 molecules.
D) two FADH2 molecules.
E) three NADH molecules.
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-51

18
 52) In glycolysis, glucose produces 2 pyruvate ions and a total of ________ ATP molecules. 52)
A) 2 B) 4 C) 7 D) 8 E) 12
Answer: C
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-52

53) The complete oxidation of glucose produces ________ ATP molecules. 53)
A) 2 B) 8 C) 12 D) 24 E) 32
Answer: E
Explanation: A)
B)
C)
D)
E)
ID: chem6tl 23.1-53

TRUE/FALSE. Write 'T' if the statement is true and 'F' if the statement is false.

54) In reaction 4 of the citric acid cycle, -ketoglutarate, a five-carbon keto acid, is decarboxylated. 54)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
ID: chem6tl 23.2-1

55) In reaction 1 of the citric acid cycle, acetyl CoA reacts with oxaloacetate. 55)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
ID: chem6tl 23.2-2

56) Citrate is the final product of the citric acid cycle. 56)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
ID: chem6tl 23.2-3

57) NAD+ acts as a hydrogen acceptor in metabolic reactions. 57)

Answer: True False
Explanation:
ID: chem6tl 23.2-4

19
58) FADH2 is the oxidized form of FAD. 58)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
ID: chem6tl 23.2-5

59) GTP is produced in reaction 5 of the citric acid cycle. 59)

Answer: True False
Explanation:
ID: chem6tl 23.2-6

60) Reaction 1 of the citric acid cycle is inhibited by high levels of ADP. 60)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
ID: chem6tl 23.2-7

61) Cyt c is a component of complex IV. 61)

Answer: True False
Explanation:
ID: chem6tl 23.2-8

62) The energy levels of complexes decrease as electron transport progresses. 62)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
ID: chem6tl 23.2-9

63) ATP is produced when H+ flows through ATP synthase. 63)

Answer: True False
Explanation:
ID: chem6tl 23.2-10

64) 12 ATP are produced when glucose is oxidized to CO2 and H2 O. 64)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
ID: chem6tl 23.2-11

65) The conversion of ATP to ADP and inorganic phosphate produces 7.3 kcal/mole of energy. 65)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
ID: chem6tl 23.2-12

20
 66) The oxidation of one NADH yields 2.5 ATP. 66)
Answer: True False
Explanation:
ID: chem6tl 23.2-13

67) The oxidation of one FADH2 yields 1.5 ATP. 67)

Answer: True False
Explanation:
ID: chem6tl 23.2-14

68) The complete oxidation of glucose yields 32 ATP. 68)

Answer: True False
Explanation:
ID: chem6tl 23.2-15

MATCHING. Choose the item in column 2 that best matches each item in column 1.
Indicate the amount of ATP produced when each of the following reactions occurs.

69) complete oxidation of glucose A) 2 ATP 69)

Answer: D
ID: chem6tl 23.3-1 B) 2.5 ATP

70) acetyl CoA 2CO2 C) 7 ATP 70)

Answer: E
ID: chem6tl 23.3-2 D) 32 ATP

71) glucose 2 pyruvate under aerobic E) 10 ATP 71)

conditions
Answer: C
ID: chem6tl 23.3-3

72) glucose 2 lactate 72)

Answer: A
ID: chem6tl 23.3-4

73) pyruvate acetyl CoA + CO2 73)

Answer: B
ID: chem6tl 23.3-5

21
Match the terms with the following descriptions.

74) the process that makes ATP using A) oxidative phosphorylation 74)
energy from electron transport
Answer: A B) coenzyme A
ID: chem6tl 23.3-6

75) the carrier of acetyl (two-carbon) 75)

groups
Answer: B
ID: chem6tl 23.3-7

Identify each of the following metabolic pathways.

76) the conversion of glucose to pyruvate A) glycolysis 76)

Answer: A
ID: chem6tl 23.3-8 B) electron transport

77) the series of reactions that converts C) citric acid cycle 77)
acetyl CoA to carbon dioxide and
water
Answer: C
ID: chem6tl 23.3-9

78) the series of reactions that produces 78)

water
Answer: B
ID: chem6tl 23.3-10

79) the series of reactions that uses 79)

electron carriers
Answer: B
ID: chem6tl 23.3-11

22
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED2

1) C
Diff: 0

2) E
Diff: 0

3) E
Diff: 0

4) A
Diff: 0

5) D
Diff: 0

6) A
Diff: 0

7) B
Diff: 0

8) A
Diff: 0

9) A
Diff: 0

10) C
Diff: 0

11) E
Diff: 0

12) C
Diff: 0

13) A
Diff: 0

14) D
Diff: 0

15) B
Diff: 0

16) D
Diff: 0

17) E
Diff: 0

18) B
Diff: 0

19) B
Diff: 0

20) D
Diff: 0

21) A
Diff: 0

23
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED2

22) B
Diff: 0

23) A
Diff: 0

24) D
Diff: 0

25) B
Diff: 0

26) A
Diff: 0

27) A
Diff: 0

28) D
Diff: 0

29) C
Diff: 0

30) C
Diff: 0

31) D
Diff: 0

32) B
Diff: 0

33) A
Diff: 0

34) E
Diff: 0

35) E
Diff: 0

36) E
Diff: 0

37) A
Diff: 0

38) B
Diff: 0

39) C
Diff: 0

40) A
Diff: 0

41) B
Diff: 0

42) C
Diff: 0

24
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED2

43) E
Diff: 0

44) A
Diff: 0

45) A
Diff: 0

46) B
Diff: 0

47) A
Diff: 0

48) C
Diff: 0

49) B
Diff: 0

50) A
Diff: 0

51) E
Diff: 0

52) C
Diff: 0

53) E
Diff: 0

54) TRUE
Diff: 0

55) TRUE
Diff: 0

56) FALSE
Diff: 0

57) TRUE
Diff: 0

58) FALSE
Diff: 0

59) TRUE
Diff: 0

60) FALSE
Diff: 0

61) FALSE
Diff: 0

62) TRUE
Diff: 0

63) TRUE
Diff: 0

25
Answer Key
Testname: UNTITLED2

64) FALSE
Diff: 0

65) TRUE
Diff: 0

66) TRUE
Diff: 0

67) TRUE
Diff: 0

68) TRUE
Diff: 0

69) D
Diff: 0

70) E
Diff: 0

71) C
Diff: 0

72) A
Diff: 0

73) B
Diff: 0

74) A
Diff: 0

75) B
Diff: 0

76) A
Diff: 0

77) C
Diff: 0

78) B
Diff: 0

79) B
Diff: 0

26