OVERVIEW

What is electronic configuration?

The way in which electrons are distributed in the different orbitals around the nucleus of an atom is called
the electron configuration. Filling of electrons start from lower energy level to highest energy level.

Updates to Bohr Model:

-Electrons are NOT in circular orbits around nucleus.
-Electrons are in a 3-D region around the nucleus called atomic orbitals.
-The atomic orbital describes the probable location of the electron.

NOTE :

S orbitals = max. of 2
electrons
P orbitals = max. of 6
electrons
D orbitals = max of10
Electrons
F orbitals = max. of 14
electrons
Spin Electrons act like they are spinning on an axis
• Generates a magnetic field
• No two electrons in the same orbital can have the same spin

Patterns in the distribution of their electrons :

1. An orbital has a maximum of two opposite spins.
2. An orbital in the same sublevel is filled with one spin before pairing.
3. Filling the orbitals with electron starts from the lowest energy level to the
highest energy level. (1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s 3d 4p 5s 4d 5p…)
4. The total number of electrons on the outermost energy level is the same as
the group number in the periodic table of elements.

Orbital
Shape ( S, P,
D, F
Orbitals )

Energy Sublevel
Principal energy levels are broken down into sublevels.
• Sublevels define the orbital shape (s, p, d, f)
> n=1, 1 sublevel (s)
> n=2, 2 sublevels (s, p)
> n=3, 3 sublevels (s, p, d)
> n=4, 4 sublevels (s, p, d, f)
Objectives

Learning Competency:
 Explain how Quantum Mechanical Model of
the atom describes the energies and positions
of the electrons.
 Objective:
1. Write the electron configuration of the
elements in the third period.
2. Illustrate the orbitals diagram for each atom
based on their electron configuration for the first
10 elements.
DISCUSSION
Some rules of writing electron configuration
1. An electron can be represented by a spin.
2. In filling the orbitals with electron it should start with lowest energy level.
3. An orbitals in the same sublevel should be filled one electron before pairing.
4. An orbital has a maximum number of two electron.

Atomic # of an atom/element = number of electrons

The quantum mechanical model describes the probable location of

electrons in atoms by describing:
-Principal energy level
-Energy sublevel
-Orbital (in each sublevel)
-Spin
Principal Number of Type of Sublevel Maximum
energy level, Sublevels and number of number of
n orbitals electrons
1 1 1s (1 orbital) 2
2s (1 orbital), 2p
2 2 (3 orbitals) 8
3s (1 orbital), 3p
 3 3 (3 orbitals) 18
3d (5 orbitals)
4s (1 orbital), 4p
4 4 (3 orbitals) 32
4d (5 orbitals), 4f
(7 orbitals)
5s (1 orbital), 5p
5 5 (3 orbitals) 50
5d (5 orbitals),
5f (7 orbitals)
5g (9 orbitals)

EXAM
PLES
1. electron configuration of element aluminum (Al) atomic # = 13 electrons

2. Electron configuration of element Iron (Fe) atomic # = 26 electrons

3. Electron configuration of element Flourine (F) atomic # = 9 electrons

DICUSSION

Examples of filling up the

orbitals

Activity I
 Strategy : the students will perform activity entitled “ Filling the orbitals” .

Procedure :
1. the students write the electron configurations for the elements below:
a. Cobalt (atomic # = 27) b. Chlorine ( atomic # = 17) c. Scandium ( atomic # = 21)
2. Then fill up the pattern of orbital diagram in procedure # 1.

Points to
Remembe
r

This activity demonstrates what scientists found out that it is not possible to
know the exact position of the electron. So, Bohr’s idea that electrons are found in
definite orbits around the nucleus was rejected. Three physicists led the development of
a better model of the atom. These were Louie de Broglie, Erwin Schrodinger, and
Werner Karl Heisenberg. De Broglie proposed that the electron (which is thought of as a
particle) could also be thought of as a wave. Schrodinger used this idea to develop a
mathematical equation to describe the hydrogen atom. Heisenberg discovered that for a
very small particle like the electron, its location cannot be exactly known and how it is
moving. This is called the uncertainty principle.

Orbitals have specific energy values. They have particular shapes and direction
in space. The s orbitals are spherical, and p orbitals are dumbbell-shaped, Because of the
spherical shape of an s orbital, the probability of finding an electron at a given distance from
the nucleus in an s orbital does not depend on direction, unlike the three kinds of p orbitals
which are oriented along the x, y, and z axes. So they different orientations in space, px, py,
and pz. The shapes of other orbitals (d and f orbitals) were derived from complex calculation.

EVALUATION
Direction : Write the electron configuration of the following elements . And fill up the
pattern of the orbitals.
1. Sodium (Na) 11 =
2. Magnesium (Mg) 12 =
3. Aluminum (Al ) 13 =
4. Silicon (Si) 14 =
5. Phosphorus (P) 15 =
6. Sulfur (S) 16 =
7. Chlorine (Cl) 17 =
8. Argon ( Ar ) 18 =
9. Potassium (K) 19 =
10. Calcium (Ca) 20 =

Brown, Theodore, LeMay, H.Eugene,Bursten, Bruce, Murphy, Catherine,

Woodward,

Patrick (2009) Chemistry: The Central Science 11 th Edition Pearson

Education,South Asia PTE. LTD. Singapore

Carmichaels, H. (1983). Laboratory chemistry,. Columbus, Ohio: Merrill

Publishing Co.

Department of Education, Culture and Sports. (2004).Chemistry:Science

andTechnology textbook for 3rd year. (Revised Ed.). Quezon City: Author.

Kotz, John C. , Treichel, Paul M. Townsend, John R. (2010) Chemistry

and Chemical Reactivity Enhanced Ed. Canada: Brooks/Cole Cengage
Learning.

LeMay, E, Beall, H., Roblee, K. & Browser, D..(1996). Chemistry

Connection to Our Changing world, Teacher Edition.New Jersey: Prentice
Hall, Inc.

Mendoza, E. & Religioso,T. (2001). Chemistry. . Quezon City:Phoenix-

SIBS Publishing
House,Inc..

Smoot, R.C. Smith, R.G & Price, J.(1995) Chemistry Wraparound

Teachers Edition,
Glencoe/McGraw-Hill, Merril Publishing Co., Ohio
 ANSWER KEY

ACTIVITY NO. 1

Chemical Electron O R B I T A L S
Symbol Configuration 1s 2s 2px 2py 2pz 3s 3px 3py 3p 4s 3d1 3d2 3d3 3d4 3d5
z
Co-27 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d7 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
Cl-17 1s22s22p63s23p5 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓
Sc-21 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d1 ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑ ↑
↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓ ↓

EVALUA
TION
Chemical Electron O R B I T A L S
Symbol Configuration 1s 2s 2px 2py 2pz 3s 3px 3py 3pz 4s

Na 1s22s22p63s1 ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑
Mg 1s22s22p63s2 ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓

Al 1s22s22p63s23p1 ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑
Si 1s22s22p63s23p2 ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑ ↑
2 2 6 2 3
P 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑ ↑ ↑
S 1s22s22p63s23p4 ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑ ↑
2 2 6 2 5
Cl 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑
Ar 1s22s22p63s23p6 ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓
2 2 6 2 6 1
K 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 4s ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑
 Ca 1s22s22p63s23p64s2 ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓ ↑↓

Second
Quarter
MODULE 1
SCIENCE - 9

WEEK 1
Topic:
Electro
n
Config
uration
 Prepared By :
ELIZABETH S. BERNARDINO
Science 9 Teacher

This Module is Owned By:

Name : __________________________________
Grade & Section :__________________________