FUNDAMENTALS OF DESIGN

AND MANUFACTURING
For AMIE
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About Syllabus

 Two sections
 Design & Manufacturing
 Design -Basic concepts, reports, drawings, models, etc..
 Manufacturing-Basic concepts, manufacturing processes, basic
machining operations, group technology, DBMS, integration, CAPP,
etc..
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What is Design?

 It is a method that engineers use to identify and solve problems.

 Design is conceiving and giving form to artifacts that solve problems or meet the
needs

 Conceiving in this context means imagining, visualizing a solution to a problem or

need.

 Form means shape, physical appearance, formulation or a procedure

 Artifacts– standard definition:

Something observed in a scientific investigation or experiment that is not naturally

present but occurs as a result of the preparative or investigative procedure.

 Artifacts in design could be a product, software, building, dress, a process, a dam,

graphics etc.
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 Design – The starting point in Engineering.

 Why do we design? To meet a need / find a
solution.
 What are some of the common individual needs?
 What are the organizational needs?
 What are the national needs?
 What are the universal needs?
What are some of the common individual needs?
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Types of needs

 Individual needs –  National needs:-

 Have shelter to stay.  Eradication of Polio.

 Prepare coffee quickly in the  Warning for Tsunami.

morning.  Buildings to withstand earth
 Organizational needs:- quakes.
 Universal needs:-
 Establish a modern restaurant.
 Prevent Global warming
 A plant to make bicycles.
 Avoid collision of meteorites
 Support for the elderly
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Engineering Design

 Engineering design is a systematic, intelligent process in

which engineers generate, evaluate, and specify solutions for
devices, systems, or processes whose forms and functions
achieve clients objectives and users needs while satisfying a
set of constraints.
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 InEngineering, every thing is about Design. But, Design is not

every thing about Engineering.
 Design is a common terminology used in all branches of
engineering as well as in some specific areas of sciences
(Example:drug design).
 Primary aim of engineering is to design and realize a product,
process or a system.
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Design of a component

 Product Design & Process Design

 Product design describes the process of imagining, creating, and iterating products that
solve users' problems or address specific needs in a given market.
 Product – Good in appearance (aesthetic) & ergonomics (human factors)
Functionally sound
Realistic in function
 Good product design attracts more customers thereby giving an organisation a hedge
above other competitors in the market.
 Process Design- The activity of determining the workflow, equipment needs, and
implementation requirements for a particular process to achieve the design objective or a
product.
 Low cost method must be selected.
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History of Design Process

 Design by single person- Difficult for

complex designs, time consuming
 Over the wall design
- time consuming relating to others
- no team work
- redesign required
 Simultaneous engineering
 Concurrent engineering
 Integrated design and manufacture
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Simultaneous engineering
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Concurrent engineering
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Integrated design and manufacture

 CIM
 CAD/CAM
 FMS
 CAPP
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Types of Design

 Original Design
-unique
-Invention
 Adaptive Design:
modifying the
existing design
 Variant Design
-adopting new
technology in
adaptive design
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Types of Design

According to the nature or characteristics

 Selection design
 Configuration design
 Parametric design
 Re- design
 Production design
 Functional design
 Optimum design
 Industrial design
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Product Life Cycle

 A product life cycle is the

amount of time
a product goes from
being introduced into the
market until it's taken off
the shelves.
 Developmental Stage
 Four stages in
a product's life cycle—
introduction, growth,
maturity, and decline