chapter 4 Read the sentences below. Vinod repaired the TV. The wolf killed the goat. A bird flies. What did Vinod do ? He repaired. What did the wolf do ? It killed cr What does a bird do ? It flies. es A Verb is mainly a doing word. It says what somebody or something does. Words like be (am/is/are/was/were ) and have (have/has/had) are also called verbs. They say what somebody or something is or has. | am your friend. The train is very fast. The children were happy. | have a CD player. The hall has a lot of windows. A verb expresses an action or state (= being). A verb sometimes expresses possession (= having something). Note that a verb is not always one word. It often consists of more than Ne words; as, 7 = Sita is singing. He was bitten by a dog. She will come tomorrow. The book has been found es RYRRCICE 1 The words in bold type are Verbs. Scanned with CamScanner5 Helping Verbs Grammar Help Helping verbs (also called auxiliary verbs) are used with another verb to form a particular tense or voice, to make a sentence negative or interrogative, or to alter the meaning of the main verb. ° You use be as a helping verb with the present participle of the main verb to form the continuous tenses. For example: The sun is shining. The men were digging a hole. You can also use the helping verb be with 4 past participle to form the passive voice. For example: The loaves ar baked in a large oven. This house was built in 1956, ° You use have as a helping verb with the past participle of the main verb to form the perfect tenses. For example: | have lost my key. She thought she had missed the bus. You use do as a helping verb with the base form of the main verb to form negative and interrogative sentences. For example: Does this computer work? The train did not stop. The other helping verbs are will, shall, would, should, can, could, may might, must, ought, need and dare. They are called modal verbs. You use them with the base form of the main verb to express ability, possibility, permission, obligation, etc. For example: Jack can speak four languages. It might rain this afternoon. ES ETFS Scanned with CamScannerGrammar Help The verbs be, have and do can be used as main verbs as well as helping verbs. For example: My father is a lawyer. (main verb) My father is baking a cake. (helping verb) The children have no pets. (main verb) The children have brushed their teeth. (helping verb) Do your homework. (main verb) Do not make a noise. (helping verb) The main verb be is usually followed by an adjective or a noun. The main verbs have and do are usually followed by a direct object. Scanned with CamScanner