1A What are you doing here?

Grammar Present simple and present continuous

Question tags
Lifestyles

Vocabulary Clothes, styles, accessories and patterns

Function Shop for clothes

Get started
1 Where do you buy your clothes? Do you like Sophie
shopping for clothes?

Dialogue 1

2 1
Listen and read. Where does Sophie make
02

her T-shirts?
Lisa: Come on, Ryan. The market closes in half an
hour. What are you after?

IT
Ryan: I’m looking for a shirt. I’m going to a wedding
on July 2nd.
Josh:
Ryan:
That’s next Saturday.

N
That’s right. So I want something plain and smart.
U
Lisa: Hey, that T-shirt’s nice. I like baggy T-shirts and
I love the design on it.
Ryan: But I need a shirt, not a T-shirt. Anyway, the

1
E

design looks a bit weird.

Sophie: Hey, Lisa! How’s it going?
PL

Lisa: Oh, hi Sophie. What are you doing here?

Sophie: I’m working. I make these clothes at home and
then I sell them here every other Saturday.
M

Josh: Is it your stall?

Sophie: No, it’s my aunt’s.
SA

Lisa: You don’t know Ryan or Josh, do you?

Sophie: No, I don’t. Hi, guys. Nice to meet you.
Ryan: I like your clothes. They’re really original.
Sophie: Thanks. That’s a cool T-shirt, isn’t it?
Ryan: This one? Oh, er ... yes. It’s great! I’ll take it.
Josh: But Ryan, you’re looking for a shirt not a T-shirt!

Phrases
• What are you after? • something [plain]
• Anyway • How’s it going? 2
• every other [Saturday]

Comprehension
3 Answer the questions.
1 What does Ryan want to buy?
2 What does Lisa like about the T-shirt?
3 What does Ryan think of the T-shirt at first?
4 What day of the week does Sophie work on the stall?
5 What does Ryan decide to buy?

M01_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U01.indd 6 9/10/09 14:48:18

 1A

Josh Ryan

Lisa

IT
7

5 N
U
E
6
PL
M

8
SA

Vocabulary: Clothes,
styles, accessories and
patterns
4a Recall. How many
words can you remember
for each of these sections:
Clothes, Styles, Accessories
and Patterns? Write lists,
then check in the Word
bank on page 130.
Clothes: jacket, …
Styles: baggy, …
b 1
03 Extension. Use the
words below to name the
items in the photo. Which
items are not in the photo?
1 bandana
• bandana • bangle
• combat trousers • fleece
• flip-flops • hairband
• high heels • jumper
• leggings • suit • tie
• tights • tracksuit top
• tracksuit bottoms
c Describe what the
people in the photo
are wearing.
Ryan’s wearing patterned
green combat trousers.
Solve it!
5 Read the dialogue
again. What date will
Sophie next work at
the market?

M01_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U01.indd 7 9/10/09 14:48:24

1A
Grammar
Present simple and present
continuous
Present simple
1 I want something plain and smart.
2 I make these clothes at home.
3 I sell them here every other Saturday.
4 The market closes in half an hour.
Present continuous
5 I’m looking for a shirt.
6 I’m going to a wedding on July 2nd.
Match a sentence (1–6) to a use of each
tense (a–f) below.
We use the present simple for:
a) permanent situations, b) routines,
c) timetabled events in the future,
d) stative verbs (e.g. be, believe, need, etc).
We use the present continuous for:
e) events happening now or around now,
f) future arrangements.
E
Practice
6 Complete the newsletter with a verb in the
PL
present simple or continuous tense.
• study • concentrate • make • go • sell
M
• know • extend
SA
NEWSLETTER
Meet an enterprising
young student from
our borough!
Sophie Timms 1 knows exactly what career she
wants to follow. Sophie 2 ___ to James Watts High
School where at present she 3 ___ Art, Design and
Technology. In her spare time she 4 ___ clothes
and 5 ___ them at Camden Market on Saturdays.
At the moment she 6 ___ on T-shirts and
sweatshirts but next year she 7 ___ her range to
include scarves and jewellery. Good luck Sophie!
M01_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U01.indd 8
Grammar
Question tags
A: That’s a cool T-shirt, isn’t it?
B: Yes, it is.
A: You’re in Lisa’s class at school, aren’t you?
B: Yes, I am.
A: You don’t know Ryan or Josh, do you?
B: No, I don’t.
A: Your aunt’s got a market stall, hasn’t she?
B: Yes, she has.
Choose the correct option.
1 If the main verb is positive, the question tag
is positive/negative.
2 If the main verb is negative, the question tag
is positive/negative.
IT
Practice
N
7 Complete the statements with the correct
question tag.
U
1 Your name’s Maria, ___?
2 You live near me, ___?
3 You’ve got a brother, ___?
4 Your favourite band is the Chilli Peppers, ___?
5 You don’t like Mariah Carey, ___?
6 You’re learning to play the piano, ___?
7 You aren’t enjoying this exercise, ___?
8 You’ve got a new MP3 player, ___?
9 My questions aren’t annoying, ___?
Pronunciation: Intonation in
question tags
8 1
04 Go to page 132.
Speak
9 Now ask your partner the questions in
Exercise 7, changing the information where
necessary. Make sure you choose the correct
intonation.
A: Your name's Maria, isn’t it?
B: Yes, it is./No, it isn’t.
A: You live near me, don’t you?
B: Yes, I do./No, I don’t. I live …
9/10/09 14:48:26
 1A

Use your English: Shop for clothes

IT
Offer help
• Can I help you?
• Do you need any help?

N
Say what you want
U
• Yes, please. I’m looking for a shirt/some jeans.
• Yes, can I try this shirt/it/them on?
• Yes, have you got this shirt in a different
E

colour/a larger size/a smaller size/size 14?

• No, thanks. I’m just looking.
PL

Dialogue
Comment
10 1
05 Listen and read. Does Ryan buy • It’s/They’re a bit big/small/tight/baggy/
the shirt? long/short.
M

Man: Can I help you? • I think I need a smaller/larger size.

Ryan: Yes, I’m looking for a shirt. Have you got this • It suits me./It doesn’t suit me.
SA

one in a larger size? This is a Small. • It looks good. How much is it?
Man: One moment. I’ll see. … Yes, here’s a Medium.
Ryan: Can I try it on? Make a decision
Man: Sure. There’s a changing room over there. • It’s perfect/great. I’ll take it.
Ryan: Thanks. … What do you think, Josh? • This one’s fine. I’ll have it, please.
Josh: Well, it’s not exactly my style but that dark • No, sorry. It’s not quite right. I’ll leave it.
colour suits you.
Ryan: It’s fine for a wedding. How much is it? 12 1
06 Listen again to the dialogue in
Josh: Let’s have a look. … It’s £39. Exercise 10. Then make similar conversations.
Ryan: £39! Forget it! You want to buy the following:
Man: Is it any good?
1 a jumper – smaller size? – £25
Ryan: Er … No, sorry. It’s not quite right. I’ll leave it,
2 some combat trousers – different colour? – £40
thank you.
3 some sandals – larger size? – £10.50
4 a tracksuit – different style? – £38.99
Comprehension
5 a shirt – different pattern? – £19.50
11 Answer true (T) or false (F).
The shirt Ryan tries on is:
a) a small size b) white Extra practice
c) good for a wedding d) quite cheap For more practice, go to page 116.

M01_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U01.indd 9 9/10/09 14:48:30

1B He’s broken twenty-four bones.
Grammar Present perfect simple with for
and since
Present perfect and past simple Comprehension
Vocabulary Jobs
3 Read the text again and answer true (T)
or false (F).
Vocabulary: Jobs 1 Jet’s job is exciting and dangerous.
2 Jet rides bulls in rodeo shows.
1 Recall. Write a list of jobs. Try to think of a
3 Jet tries to draw the attention of the bull away
job for each letter of the alphabet. Then check
from the rider.
the Word bank on page 130.
4 Jet became interested in rodeo shows in 2002.
5 He is good at his job.
Read
6 He has never had any injuries.
2 1
Read the text below. Why was the year
07 7 He would prefer a job which wasn’t
2002 important for Jet? so dangerous.

IT
Rodeo clownN
U
In our series about dangerous jobs, Tom Greenspan finds out about the work of a rodeo clown.
For danger and excitement it’s hard to shows at the age of sixteen. ‘I went to a
E
beat Jet Rivers’ job. Jet, who comes from lot of shows and watched the clowns and
Texas, USA, is a famous rodeo clown. I thought: That’s what I want to do.’ He’s
PL

In a rodeo show, a bull rider gets eight worked as a rodeo clown for nearly ten
seconds to ride the bull. If he falls off or is years. He won his first prize in 2002.
injured, it is Jet’s job to dance around in Since then he’s won six other awards.
brightly-coloured clothes and distract the He loves his job. ‘I know it’s crazy but
M

bull so that the rider can escape from the I love the danger,’ says Jet. Since Jet
arena. The job is dangerous because the started the job, he’s broken twenty-four
SA

bull often turns and chases the clown. bones. ‘But I’m getting lucky. I haven’t
Jet first became interested in rodeo had an accident for almost two years!’

10

M01_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U01.indd 10 9/10/09 14:48:50

 1B
Grammar Solve it!
5 Complete the sentences with since or for.
Present perfect simple with for and Then guess the three jobs.
since; past simple
2 I’ve loved cars a ___ I was a
Which sentences are in the present perfect 1 I’ve flown more than boy so my job is ideal. I’ve
simple tense? Which are in the past simple? twenty different kinds worked in this garage b ___
Write PPS or PS. of planes a ___ I got my over six years now. It’s great
1 Jet first became interested in rodeo shows at licence in 1990. My because if my own car breaks
the age of sixteen. favourite route is to down, I know what to do.
Hong Kong but I haven’t
2 He’s worked as a rodeo clown for ten years.
been there b ___ six
3 Since Jet started, he’s broken 24 bones. months. 3 I’ve worked in this studio a ___
4 He won his first prize in 2002.
three years. I’ve interviewed
5 Since then he’s won six other awards.
a lot of famous people b ___
6 I haven’t had an accident for two years.
I started work at the BBC.

Choose the correct option.

Listen
1 We use the present perfect simple to talk 6 1
Listen to Sean Tanner, a professional
08

IT
about events that are finished/events that storm chaser, and complete the information.
are linked to the present.
2 We use the past simple to talk about events
that are finished/events that are linked to the
N
Sean Tanner: storm chaser
U
present.
3 Since is used for a point in time/a period
of time. 1 Job: storm chaser and photographer
E

4 For is used for a point in time/a period 2 Comes from:

of time. 3 Age when saw first tornado:
PL

4 Tornado season:
Practice 5 Previous job:
6 How many tornados seen:
4 Look at the factfile and ask and answer
M

7 Dangerous incidents:
about David’s life. Use the past simple or
1 nearly drowned in flood
present perfect simple.
SA

2…
1 A: How long has he been a window cleaner?
8 Currently on website:
B: Since 2000/For … years.
2 A: When did he … ?

bs
Dangerous jo
FACTFILE
High-rise
window
cleaner
Name: David Harris Speak
1 be/window cleaner/
7 Discuss the question.
2000 to now
2 finish/school/1995 Would you like to do any of the jobs in this lesson?
3 travel/from Australia/1996 Why?/Why not?
4 live/UK/1997 to now
5 clean/5,000 windows/ Extra practice
so far For more practice, go to page 116.
6 clean/tallest building in
London/2005 11

M01_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U01.indd 11 9/10/09 14:48:58

 1C It’s much more rewarding.
Grammar Intensifiers much, far, a lot, a bit with
comparative adjectives and adverbs
(not) as … as
Vocabulary Adjectives to describe work
A B
Read
E
1 1
09 Read the magazine article and match the photos to the teenagers’ comments.
PL
Calling all school-leavers!
M
SA
What are your choices after you
leave school? Do you want to get
a job or do something else?
The magazine Getahead conducted a survey
of teenagers’ ambitions for when they leave
school. Here are some of their answers.
1 ‘I want to get a job and earn some money. But
I don’t want to work in a factory or a supermarket.
I’d like to do something a bit more interesting –
maybe work as a sound technician in a recording
studio. It’s not as exciting as people think but it’s
creative and they pay quite well. Unfortunately, there
aren’t many jobs in the music industry for school-
leavers and there are lots of better-qualified people
around. I know I can get a job in a shop a lot more
easily than in a studio but I don’t want that.’
Peter
12
M01_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U01.indd 12
IT
N
U
C
2 ‘I don’t want to get a job straightaway. I want
some freedom. I’d like to take six months off and
travel. My cousin did a Saturday job while she was
at school and saved all her money. Then she went
to Nepal and she had a great time. Backpacking
abroad sounds much more interesting and exciting
than getting a job at home and you learn a lot. The
trouble is, travelling is a lot more expensive than
people realise. It’s much cheaper to stay in the UK
and get a job, and it costs a lot less to live at home.’
Donna
3 ‘I’d like to go to university and get a degree.
I need to work a bit harder at school if I want to do
that but I’m sure it’s worthwhile. I’m not sure that it’s
a very exciting choice but in the end you get a much
better job with a degree. Of course I want to earn
money but that can wait until I’ve graduated.’
Robbie
12/30/10 10:31:32 AM

Comprehension
2 Complete the statements and name
the speakers.
1 A university degree helps you to …
2 Working in a supermarket is …
3 It costs a lot to …
4 There are many well-qualified people in …
5 You learn a lot when you …
6 To get to university, I must …
Vocabulary: Adjectives to describe work
3 1
Say which adjectives are positive and
10
1C
Practice
4 Complete with a comparative form of
adjective or adverb, or (not) as … as.
1 Today is far hotter than yesterday. (hot/far)
2 This bed is ___ my old one. (comfortable/much)
3 Can you try to write ___ ? (carefully/a bit)
4 Angelina is just ___ Brad. (famous)
5 I feel ___ today than yesterday. (bad/a lot)
6 Please can you drive ___ . (slowly/a bit)
7 Teaching isn’t ___ web-designing. (well-paid)
8 I see my grandparents ___ now than before.
(frequently/a lot)

which are negative. 5 Compare the choices below for school-

• badly-paid • boring • creative • dangerous
• dull • educational • exciting • glamorous
• interesting • rewarding • safe • stressful
leavers. Use the comparative form of the
adjectives in Exercise 3 and intensifiers.
Backpacking abroad is much (far/a lot) more
exciting than doing a temporary job.

IT
• tiring • well-paid • worthwhile
Doing a temporary job isn’t as exciting as
backpacking abroad.
Positive: creative, … Negative: …

N
Choices for school-leavers
U
Grammar 1 Doing a temporary job/backpacking abroad
2 Going to university/getting a full-time job
Intensifiers much, far, a lot, a bit, with 3 Doing voluntary work/working in a factory
E

comparative adjectives and adverbs;

PL

(not) as … as
Comparative adjectives
It’s much/far/a lot/a bit cheaper to live at
M

home than travel abroad.

This job is (not) as exciting as people think.

SA

Comparative adverbs
I can get a job in a shop much/far/a lot/a bit
more easily than in a studio.
It costs much/far/a lot/a bit more/less to live
Speak
at home.
6 Talk about you. Which of the activities in
They don’t pay as badly as you think.
Exercise 5 would you prefer to do when you
leave school and why?
Make rules
1 To make a comparison stronger, you add Write
words like ___ , ___ and ___ before the
comparative adjective. 7 Write your own paragraph for the magazine
2 To compare two things which may be the article in Exercise 1. Say what things you want
same, you use ___ . to do when you leave school.
When I leave school, I’d like to … I think that
Look at the examples of comparatives in
sounds more …
the magazine article. Which are adjectives
and which are adverbs?
Extra practice
For more practice, go to page 116.

13

M01_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U01.indd 13 9/10/09 14:49:07

1D Teenage fashion in Britain

The changing face of British teen fashion

Across cultures

For the average British teenager, fashion As a result of this, there has recently been more
matters. However, designer clothes are usually emphasis on ethical fashion. People are beginning
beyond their budget. They tend to spend their to buy clothes made from recycled products and
money in high-street stores, markets and renewable sources. These clothes are often also
charity shops, where they mix and match to part of Fairtrade organisations, which ensure that
the people who manufacture the clothes are paid a
create their own style and image.
proper wage. Even the top fashion magazines now
Clothes in the UK cost much less than they used to. have articles on ethical clothing.
Since the year 2000, the price of high-street clothes
Is ethical fashion realistic? Perhaps, but maybe the
has dropped a lot. In one popular store a pair of
only really ethical solution is to buy fewer clothes!
fashionable jeans costs as little as £8. The reason

IT
is that the factories, which are usually situated
in developing countries like India and China, Maddy Fraser
are using the cheapest labour they can find –
sometimes even child labour. N
U
Teenagers speak out
E

Maddy
PL

‘I spend most of my money in charity shops.

I love a good bargain! I like putting unusual
clothes together to create a different look. In
M

this photo I’m wearing clothes I found at

a jumble sale.’
SA

Fraser
‘I live and breathe skateboarding. I’m not
bothered about fashion. I usually wear
baggy jeans or trousers, hoodies, T-shirts
and a baseball cap or beanie hat. The kind of
trainers I wear is important but nothing is as
important as skateboarding.’

Jay
‘I’ve read lots of stuff online about where
clothes come from and how they are made
so I try to buy Fairtrade clothes. I’ve just
bought some trainers from a shop where Jay
they promise to plant one tree in Ethiopia for
every pair of trainers they sell. I like that.’
New words
• designer • beyond someone’s budget • tend to • mix and match • image • fashionable
• developing • child labour • emphasis • ethical • recycled • product • renewable
• source • Fairtrade • ensure • manufacture • proper • wage • realistic • bargain
• unusual • look (n) • jumble sale • breathe • bothered • beanie • stuff • plant (v)
14

M01_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U01.indd 14 9/10/09 14:49:11

 1D
Get started Listen
1 What sort of clothes and styles are 5 1
12 Listen to Dan talking about his
fashionable in your country at the moment? fashion style and interests and
complete the information.
Read 1 Favourite item of clothing:
2 1
11 Read about the British teen fashion hoodies
scene. Where do British teenagers usually buy 2 Why he likes them:
their clothes? 3 What else he wears:
4 Clothes for special
Comprehension occasions:
5 Favourite music:
3a Read the article again and answer true (T) 6 Weekend activities:
or false (F).
1 The average British teenager doesn’t care
about clothes. Write
2 All high-street clothes today are very expensive.
3 Some factories don’t use child labour. Writing tip: Collect and organise your ideas

IT
4 Ethical fashion has become more popular Before you start to write, take time to collect and
in recent years. organise your ideas. First make a list of all your
ideas in any order. Then organise them into groups
b Tick the correct box.

N
under headings.
U
Who: Maddy Fraser Jay Now do Exercise 6.
1 likes to spend as little
as possible on clothes?
6a You are going to write an article called
E

2 is interested in clothes ‘The factors which influence my choice of clothes’.

manufacturing?
PL

First match the headings with the ideas (a–e).

3 doesn’t care about • Advertising and the media b
most high-street fashion? • Opinions of friends
• Money
M

4 likes to shop ethically?

5 is more interested in • Personal expression
sport than fashion? • General suitability
SA

6 likes to look different I’m influenced by:

from other people? a) how much the clothes cost.
b) what magazines say is fashionable.
Speak c) the clothes that my friends like.
d) how comfortable/practical/adaptable the
4 Talk about you.
clothes are.
1 Which of the three teenagers are you most similar
e) if the clothes reflect my lifestyle and opinions.
to? In what way?
2 Apart from clothes, what other things are ‘fashion
items’ among your friends?
b Now put the ideas in order of importance
for you.
3 How interested are people in your country in
ethical fashion? c Write the article. Use your notes from 6a and
6b to help you.
The factors which influence my choice of clothes
Why do I choose the clothes that I do? There are
several factors that influence my choice. The first is …

15

M01_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U01.indd 15 9/10/09 14:49:14

 5A Unless they do something, …
Read
Grammar First conditional with if, unless,
provided that, as long as 2 2
11 Read the newspaper article. How many
Natural world

Vocabulary Landscape and natural environment emails are in favour of the rock festival?

Comprehension
Get started 3 Complete the information.
1 Location of festival:
1 Have you ever been to a large pop festival
2 Number of people expected:
or music concert? What was it like? How many
3 Local residents’ plans:
people were there?
4 Arguments against the festival:
5 Arguments for the festival:

Plans for rock festival

IT
worry locals U
N by our local correspondent ALAN BLACK

5
E
PL
M
SA

T HE PLAN to hold a large music

festival on fields close to the
village of Hartley has worried local
residents.
The festival will bring more than 100,000 people to
the area over three days in August. Latest reports
show that the local community are planning to take
legal action to prevent the festival. Unless the local
council do something to reassure residents, the
festival might not happen at all. But what do the
villagers really think? Here are just some of the
hundreds of emails we’ve received this week.
‘festival
I’m appalled! If the council agrees to hold this
here in our beautiful village, the river might
end up full of rubbish.’
Mr S Jones
44
‘nothing.
I think people are making too much fuss over
Provided that people tidy up and put all
their rubbish in bins, there won’t be a problem. It’s
a great chance for music fans to see their favourite
singers and bands!
Adele Smith
’
‘about
I’m not keen on the idea at all. I know all
music festivals – the music usually goes
on all night. Unless I move out of the village,
I won’t get any sleep because of the noise.
Mrs June Barker
’
‘village
As long as the concert is well organised, the
won’t suffer, and it might even benefit from
the money that music fans will spend in our shops.
If we stop this festival, the village will lose a great
opportunity to make some money.
Mr Brian Brookfield
’

M05_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U05.indd 44 9/10/09 14:59:21

 5A
Vocabulary: Landscape and natural environment 6 Write sentences using the
word or phrase in brackets.
4 Recall. Complete these words. List other words that you
know for landscape and environment. Then check the Word 1 not rain > we go to the beach
bank on page 131. tomorrow (if)
If it doesn’t rain, we’ll go to the
1 c _ _ st 3 w _ terf _ ll 5 v _ lle _ 7 oc _ _ n
beach tomorrow.
2r_v_r 4d_s__t 6 mo _ nt _ _ n 8 h _ _ b _ ur
2 you/promise to be/careful >
I/let you ride my bike to school (as
Grammar
long as)
3 he/leave now > he/be late for his
First conditional with if, unless, provided that, lesson (unless)
as long as 4 you/concentrate > you/not have
If the council agrees, the river might end up full of rubbish. any problems in the exam (if)
Unless I move out of the village, I won’t get any sleep! 5 the students/take notes >
Provided that people tidy up, there won’t be a problem. they/forget most of the lesson
As long as the concert is well organised, the village won’t suffer. (unless)
6 you/not invite/Mark > I/not come
Choose the correct option. to your party (if)

IT
1 Unless has a similar meaning to if/if + not. 7 you/give it back tomorrow >
2 Provided that and as long as have a similar meaning l/lend you my camera (provided
to if/if + not
3 In first conditional sentences, the main verb in the if clause
N that)
U
is in the present/future tense. Speak
7 Roleplay a discussion about a
Practice
E
rock festival near your town.
5 Complete with the correct form of the verb. Make notes before you speak.
PL

Use the ideas below to help you.

Student A: You are against the
festival.
M

Student B: You are for the festival.

For
SA

• will be good entertainment

for young people
• will bring money to shops

Against
• too much noise
• a lot of rubbish

Write
Ryan: Mrs Brown, 1 will it be OK if we 2 ___ (have) a party in
class at the end of term?
8 Write an email to the local
newspaper giving your opinion of
Mrs B: Well, I think it 3 ___ (be) all right, provided that you
the planned festival.
4
___ (tidy up) after you’ve finished.
Ryan: Of course we will. We’re going to have music too, Dear Points of View,
unless that 5 ___ (be) a problem. I’ve been reading about the plans for
Mrs B: No, it 6 ___ (not/be) a problem, as long as you a huge rock festival near our town. I
7
___ (not/disturb) the other classes. think it’s … idea because …
Ryan: We won’t play it too loud, don’t worry.
Mrs B: OK. I’ll have to check with the head teacher. Extra practice
If he 8 ___ (say) no, you 9 ___ (have to) forget it. For more practice, go to page 120.

45

M05_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U05.indd 45 9/10/09 14:59:22

5B By the time the rain comes …
Grammar Future time clauses with when, until,
as soon as, by the time, before
Vocabulary Extreme weather and natural
disasters

Read
1 2
Read the article about controlling the
12

weather. Why is it expensive to stop rain for

one evening?

Comprehension
2 Answer questions 1–4 with ‘Rod’, ‘Liu’
Controlling
or ‘both’. the weather
Who:

IT
1 grows food on his/her farm?
Storm, one of the superhero characters in
2 gets too little rain?
the X-Men films, has the ability to control
the weather. She can create a hurricane,
3 wants to leave his/her farm but can’t?
4 is hoping that the weather will change?
N
cause a thunderstorm and start a downpour.
U
Taylor, 17, works on an
Rod Taylor
Answer questions 5–8 with ‘cloud-seeding’, Australian sheep farm and he
‘rocket-firing’ or ‘both’. needs a friend like Storm. The
E

Which method: current drought in Australia is

making his job impossible.
5 could help Rod?
PL

6 makes rain fall? ‘ the time the rain comes it

‘By
7 is expensive? will probably be too late,’ Rod
says. ‘Some of the sheep have
8 doesn’t need a plane?
already died and now we have
M

Rod Taylor to sell the rest. When that

Vocabulary: Extreme weather and happens I’ll be out of a job.’
natural disasters
SA

3a 2
13 Put the words into two groups.
Extreme weather: blizzard, …
Natural disasters: avalanche, …
• avalanche • blizzard • downpour
• drought • earthquake • famine • flood
• gale • hail(storm) • heatwave • hurricane
• landslide • lightning • snow(storm) • storm
• thunder and lightning • thunder(storm)
• tornado • tsunami • volcanic eruption
b Talk about your country. Answer the
questions.
1 Do you ever have extreme weather or natural
disasters in your country?
2 What sort of extreme weather or natural disasters
do you never get?
Grammar
Future time clauses with when, until,
as soon as, by the time, before
When that happens, I’ll be out of a job.
I won’t be able to move until I’ve got
some money.
I’m going to move to the city as soon as I can.
By the time the rain comes it will be too late.
Liu will have to save some money before
she leaves.
Choose the correct option.
The verb in the time clause is in the present/
future tense.

46

M05_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U05.indd 46 9/10/09 14:59:25

 5B
5 Complete with the correct time linker: until,
as soon as or by the time.
1 I’ll stay here until the rain stops. Then I’ll go.
2 ___ scientists find an answer, it’ll be too late.
3 ___ the sun comes out, I’ll start the barbecue.
4 Hurry up or the film will be over ___ we get there.
5 You can’t go out ___ you’ve done your homework.
6 We’ll buy a boat ___ we have enough money.

In another part of the world,
in south-west China, sixteen-
year-old Liu Wei has the
opposite problem. Liu works
on her parents’ farm but last
month a flood destroyed their
Speak
6 Talk about you. Complete the sentences to
make them true for you, then tell the class.
1 I’ll feel really happy when ...
2 I’m going to stay at school until ...
3 As soon as I have enough time, I’m going to ...
4 Before I get old I’m going to ...
5 By the time I’m twenty-five, I ...

IT
crops. ‘I’m going to move to
Liu Wei the city as soon as I can,’ Liu Listen
says. ‘But I won’t be able to
move until I’ve got some money. The flood has destroyed
everything so there won’t be any money this year.’
7
N
2
14In December 2006 there was a tornado
in London. Listen to a news report and choose
U
Can scientists control the weather and help people like Rod the correct ending for each sentence.
and Liu? Sometimes they can create rain by ‘cloud-seeding’.
Planes drop chemicals onto clouds to make them rain. But
E

it’s expensive and in a drought the right kind of clouds are

rarely in the sky. Scientists can use the same principle to
PL

try to stop floods. They fire chemical-filled rockets into

the sky. This makes the clouds drop their rain early, away
from areas which might flood. It works, but you need 1,000
rockets to stop the rain for one evening in one place. It’s
M

even more expensive than cloud-seeding. So for now, Rod

and Liu can only hope for a natural change in the weather.
SA

Practice
4 Complete the conversation with the correct
form of the verb in brackets. 1 When the tornado started, Patricia was
Mum: What time is your train to Manchester? a) in a lesson. b) outside the school.
Gerry: Eleven o’clock. I 1 ’ll leave (leave) for the station 2 Suddenly the sky turned a) blue. b) black.
as soon as this programme 2 ___ (finish). 3 The tornado sounded like a) a plane. b) thunder.
Mum: That’s no good. It 3 ___ (be) after 10.30 by the
4 The school lost a) its roof. b) part of the roof.
time you 4 ___ (leave). That’s too late.
Gerry: OK. I’ll leave now. 5 When the tornado started, Trevor was
Mum: Is Jake going to meet you when you a) in the dentist’s surgery. b) in his car.
5
___ (arrive)? 6 When Trevor parked his car, the rain
Gerry: I’m not sure. I 6 ___ (not know) until he a) started. b) stopped.
7
___ (phone) me.
7 A swing landed on a) Trevor’s car. b) another car.
Mum: What about food? By the time your train 8 ___
(arrive) in Manchester, you 9 ___ (be) starving. 8 The tornado lasted a) a long time. b) a short time.
Gerry: Don’t worry. I 10 ___ (buy) a sandwich before
I 11 ___ (catch) the train. And I 12 ___ (call) you Extra practice
as soon as I 13 ___ (get) there. For more practice, go to page 120.

47

M05_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U05.indd 47 9/10/09 14:59:27

 5C In case it gets cold
Grammar in case + present simple
Vocabulary Camping equipment
Function Make and respond to requests

IT
N
U
E
PL

Dialogue
Phrases
1
M

2
Listen and read. What does Josh want to
15

borrow and why? • [I’ll] open it up

• What are you after?
SA

The four friends are planning to go camping.

• I’ve only got [a fiver] on me.
Sophie: I need a warm sleeping bag in case it gets cold • How sad is that!
in the tent at night. I think that one might be good.
Man: Yes, can I help you?
Sophie: Yes, would you mind showing me that sleeping Comprehension
bag, please?
2 Complete the sentences.
Man: Sure. I’ll open it up for you.
1 Sophie wants a warm sleeping bag
Ryan: What about you, Lisa? What are you after?
because it might ___ .
Lisa: A waterproof anorak in case it rains all the time.
2 She asks a sales assistant to ___ .
Josh: Ryan, do you think you could lend me £4? I want
3 It might rain so Lisa wants to ___ .
to buy this book but I’ve only got a fiver on me.
4 Josh hasn’t got enough money to ___
Ryan: Sure. Here you are.
so he asks Ryan to ___ .
Josh: Thanks. That’s brilliant. I’ll give it back to you
5 Josh is worried that they might ___
tomorrow. Excuse me. I’d like this book, please.
if it rains.
Woman: Certainly. Here’s your change. Five pence.
Josh: Thanks. Great! Now we won’t get bored if the
weather turns bad.
Solve it!
Ryan: What book is it? 3 Read the dialogue again. How
Josh: ‘101 things to do in a thunderstorm’. much did the book cost?
Ryan: How sad is that!

48

M05_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U05.indd 48 9/10/09 14:59:32

 5C
Grammar
Use your English: Make and respond
to requests
in case + present simple
I need a warm sleeping bag in case it gets cold. Make a polite request
I want an anorak in case it rains. • Do you think I could borrow £4?
• Would you mind lending me £4?
What’s the difference? • Could you go to the shops
I’ll buy some more bread in case Rory comes. for me?
I’ll buy some more bread if Rory comes.
Agree to a request
Practice • Sure. Here you are.
• Of course not. No problem.
4 Josh is going on a bike ride. Match the • Yes, of course.
object with the reason he’s taking it. Then make
sentences with in case. Thank and make a promise
• Thanks. I’ll give it back tomorrow.
1 e) He’s taking a bottle of water in case he needs
• Thank you. That’s really kind of you.
a drink.
• Thanks a lot. I’ll do the same for you

IT
1 a bottle of water one day.
2 a camera
Refuse with a reason
3 a waterproof anorak
4 a packet of chocolate biscuits
N
• I’m sorry I can’t. I haven’t got £4.
• I’d rather not if you don’t mind.
U
5 a pair of swimming trunks and a towel
• I’m afraid I can’t. I’m busy.
6 a map
Accept the reason
E

a) maybe he’ll want to go for a swim • Never mind.

b) perhaps he’ll get hungry • It doesn’t matter.
PL

c) he might get lost • OK. Don’t worry.

d) he may want to take some photos
e) he will probably need a drink
M

f) it might rain Pronunciation: Rising intonation

in polite requests
SA

Vocabulary: Camping equipment 6 2

17 Go to page 132.
5a 2
In pairs, look at the words in the box
16

below. Decide on the five most important items Listen

to take on a camping trip.
1 tent, …
• camping stove • compass • insect repellent
• matches • painkillers • penknife • plasters
• rucksack • sleeping bag • suntan lotion
• tent • tin opener • torch • walking boots
b Say why the friends need each item. Use in
case or the infinitive of purpose with to.
They need a camping stove in case they want to
cook some food.
They need a camping stove to cook some food.
7 2
18 Listen to part of the dialogue in
Exercise 1 again. Have a similar conversation
using the prompts below.
Student A: You are at Student B’s house.
A: Ask to borrow B’s mobile phone. Say why.
B: Agree.
A: Promise to give it back in a minute.
B: Ask if A can return some DVDs to the rental
shop on his/her way home. Say why.
A: Refuse politely with a reason.
B: Accept the reason.
Extra practice
For more practice, go to page 121.

49

M05_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U05.indd 49 9/10/09 14:59:36

5D Glaciers

Frozen rivers
Curriculum link: Geography

GLACIER FACTFILE
• A glacier is a big river of ice, water and rocks.
• There are nearly 100,000 glaciers in Alaska.
• Glaciers move very slowly, about sixty metres per year.
• Glaciers are getting smaller because of global warming, but
they still cover about 10% of the earth’s land and hold about
77% of the earth’s fresh water (29,180,000 cubic kilometres).

How is a glacier formed?

IT
On the tops of mountains it can snow at any time of
the year. As more snow falls, the snow on the ground
begins to get deeper and more compact until it forms
a glacier. Glaciers move very slowly downhill. If they
N
U
reach the ocean, huge chunks will occasionally break
off. These pieces then become icebergs, which float
in the sea, and can be dangerous to ships. The ocean
E

liner Titanic sank because it hit an iceberg.

PL

Where are glaciers found?

Glaciers are found in regions with continuous
snowfall and constant freezing temperatures. Most
M

glaciers are in high mountain regions such as the

Himalayas or the Alps. Glaciers are even found in
California and Tanzania in central Africa.
SA

Does anything live on a glacier?

The top of a glacier is only rocks, ice, soil and snow,
so do any animals live there? Surprisingly, they do.
Seals and polar bears live on glaciers near the sea.
Insects and ice worms, two centimetres long, also
live there.

What is the connection between

glaciers and global warming?
If temperatures continue to rise worldwide, glaciers
will begin to melt, releasing some or all of the huge
amounts of water inside. As a result, sea levels will
begin to rise. If sea levels rise more than one metre,
major cities such as London, New York and Tokyo
might flood.

New words Computer-generated

image of London flooding
• frozen • glacier • global warming • cover (v) • form (v) • compact (adj) • downhill
• chunk • float (v) • region • continuous • snowfall • constant • soil • seal
• polar bear • worm • rise • worldwide • melt • release (v) • sea level • major
50

M05_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U05.indd 50 9/10/09 14:59:39

 5D
Read Listen
1 2
Read the factfile and the article. What
19 5 2
Before you listen, check the meaning
20

danger do glaciers face nowadays? of these words: steel, hole, radio operator.
Then listen to a lecture about the sinking of the
Comprehension Titanic and answer the questions.

2 Read the the factfile again. Write the 1 When did the disaster happen?
questions for these answers. 2 Where was the iceberg probably from?
3 What was the weather like on that night?
1 100,000
4 What was the first explanation for the sinking?
How many glaciers are there in Alaska?
5 What was the later explanation?
2 60 metres
6 Why didn’t the radio operators give the
3 10%
messages to the captain?
4 29,180,000
7 Why couldn’t the ship stop in time?
3 Read the article again and answer
the questions.
1 How does snow eventually become a glacier?
2 What can happen when a glacier meets the sea?

IT
3 Why can this be dangerous for ships?
4 What sort of regions have glaciers?
5
6
Why is it surprising that animals live on glaciers?
What will happen if the glaciers melt?
N
U
Reading tip: Dictionary skills (2)
When you look up a word in a dictionary, look
Speak
E

at the example sentences to see the different

meanings of the word in context. 6 Imagine you are a radio operator who
PL

survived the sinking of the Titanic. Roleplay a

conversation with a newspaper reporter.
4a Read the dictionary entry and answer
The reporter wants to know:
the questions.
M

1 where you were when the iceberg hit the ship

float / fləʊt / v. 1 to stay or move on the surface A: Where were you when the iceberg hit the ship?
SA

of a liquid without sinking: The boat floated B: I was in the radio room.
slowly along the river. 2 to move slowly in the 2 if you received any messages about icebergs
air: I looked at the clouds floating in the sky. 3 what you did with the messages
3 Smells or sounds from another place that you 4 why you didn’t give the messages to the captain
can smell or hear: The sound of her singing floated 5 what you did when the ship hit the iceberg
down from her bedroom window.
Write
1 Which of the three definitions of float is the 7 Write a paragraph about icebergs, using the
correct one for the word in the first paragraph in information below.
the article?
2 Look at the example sentences. Which other Definition large piece of ice/break off from
things can float? glacier/float in the sea
Weight 100,000 to 200,000 tons
b Now look up compact (adj), cover (v) and
release (v) in a dictionary. Write your own Speed average/17 kilometres a day
example sentences for each word. Size average amount above water = 15%
under water = 85%
Icebergs
An iceberg is a large piece of ice that has broken off
from a glacier and floats in the sea.

51

M05_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U05.indd 51 9/10/09 14:59:41

11A The photos were sold.
http://www.mediauk.tv/paparazzi
Grammar The passive: present simple,
past simple, present perfect,

The paparazzi
In the news

W
past perfect
Vocabulary The media

The paparazzi are back in the news again. Several

Vocabulary: The media
1 4
11Match the words in the box to
their meanings.
• blog • broadsheet (newspaper)
• channel • editor • headline
• magazine • podcast • report
• tabloid (newspaper)
celebrities have complained that their children have
been followed on their way to school. The paparazzi
usually sell their photos to gossip magazines and
tabloid newspapers for large sums of money. But the
paparazzi are often accused of ‘hunting’ celebrities
to get a good photo. Some celebrities say that their
private lives have been destroyed by the paparazzi.
When Catherine Zeta-Jones and Michael Douglas
got married, a plan was made to keep the paparazzi

1 a TV station and all its programmes
channel
2 a radio programme you can download
from the Internet
3 a small-size newspaper with
sensational news stories
4 a person who decides what goes into
IT
away from the wedding. The wedding guests
weren’t given the location of the wedding until the
last minute. The day before the wedding, special
N
tickets were hand-delivered to the guests. The
U
guests weren’t allowed to have cameras inside
the event. In spite of this, a photographer managed
to take photos of the bride and groom. These were

11
E

a newspaper later sold to magazines.

5 a personal diary on the Internet
PL

In another famous case, the paparazzi were accused of putting

6 a large-size newspaper with serious
lives in danger. When Princess Diana was killed in a car accident in
news stories
Paris, France, she had been followed by the paparazzi who were
7 a spoken or written news story
chasing her car on motorbikes.
M

8 the title of a news story

9 a publication with photos and articles,
Read
SA

sold weekly or monthly

Speak
2 Talk about you. Ask and answer.
1 How do you find out what’s happening
in the world?
2 Have you ever downloaded a podcast
or read a blog? What was it about?
3 What’s your favourite TV channel?
Why?
4 What are the most popular newspapers
in your country? Are they tabloid or
broadsheet?
5 What are the headlines today?
3 4
12Read the article above and vote in the ‘Your
opinion’ poll at the end. Tell the class how you voted
and why.
Comprehension
4 Answer true (T), false (F) or don’t know (DK).
1 The paparazzi are often in the news.
2 They take photos of celebrity children every day.
3 Selling photos is a way of making money.
4 Catherine Zeta-Jones and Michael Douglas invited
photographers to their wedding.
5 The guests received their invitations in the post.
6 Some guests arrived late at the wedding.
7 There were no photos of the wedding.
8 The paparazzi were chasing Princess Diana on the
night of her accident.

98

M11_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U11.indd 98 6/10/09 08:33:26


Who needs them?
E
Your opinion
What do you think? Do we need the paparazzi? Vote now.
PL
✓ Yes, we do. They give us the photos we want to see.
✗ No, we don’t. They don’t allow celebrities to have
a private life.
M
Grammar
SA
The passive: present simple, past
simple, present perfect, past perfect
1 The guests weren’t given the location.
2 Their private lives have been destroyed.
3 She had been followed by the paparazzi.
4 The paparazzi are often accused of ‘hunting’
celebrities.
Match the sentences 1–4 to the tenses:
a) present simple b) past simple
c) present perfect d) past perfect
Complete the rules.
a) We form the passive with the verb ___ and
the ___ participle of the main verb.
b) When we want to mention the person or
thing that performed the action, we use the
preposition ___ .
M11_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U11.indd 99
11A
Practice
5 Write sentences in the passive.
1 Oh, no! I think my wallet/steal!
Oh, no! I think my wallet has been stolen!
2 You can’t leave your car here. Parking/not/allow.
3 When/the first computer/invent?
4 The watch didn’t work because it/drop.
5 I don’t know the price. It/not/decide/yet.
6 Millions of mobile phones/sell since 1990.
7 The stories that/write/about Madonna last week
were not all true.
8 The cat was very hungry because it/not/feed.
6 Complete with the correct form of the passive.
Online news
IT
Every day, millions of newspapers 1 are sold (sell)
in the UK. Until recently, most of them 2 ___ (read)
by commuters on the train to work, but these days,
N
a lot of newspapers 3 ___ (read) online. Media
blogs have also become very popular. These 4 ___
U
(write) by journalists and comments about stories
which 5 ___ (often/send) in by readers. Most
TV channels have websites too. Over 2,000 TV
programmes a day 6 ___ (download) since 2000.
Pronunciation: Word stress in
compound nouns
7 4
13 Go to page 133.
Listen
8a 4
Listen to people discussing the
14
question ‘Do celebrities need the paparazzi?’
Write Yes, No or Sometimes.
1 Gemma ___ 2 Jack ___ 3 Sarah ___ 4 Ben ___
b Listen again and answer the questions.
1 Why does Gemma think celebrities need the
paparazzi?
2 What, in Jack’s opinion, makes people famous?
3 Why does Sarah think that the paparazzi can be
dangerous?
4 Why does Ben feel sorry for celebrities?
5 When does he think it is right for the paparazzi to
take photos?
Extra practice
For more practice, go to page 127.
99
6/10/09 08:33:29
11B They’re being followed.
Grammar The passive: present continuous,
past continuous and future simple
Function Give opinions, agree and disagree

Dialogue Comprehension
1 4
15 Listen and read. Which actor is in Regent Street today? 2 Answer the questions.
Sophie: Hey, what’s happening over there? 1 What are they filming in
Ryan: Let’s ask this guy. Excuse me. What’s going on? Regent Street?
Man: They’re filming a scene for the new James Bond film. It’s being shot 2 Where is the scene taking
behind that store. I think James Bond and his girlfriend are being place?
followed by an assassin. 3 Who is following James
Sophie: I’m not too keen on Bond films. I thought the last one was boring. Bond?
Lisa: Me too. There was one good bit where James Bond was being 4 What did Sophie think of

IT
chased over the roof tops but apart from that it was a bit dull. the last Bond film?
Ryan: No way! How can you say that? 5 Why isn’t Lisa very keen
Lisa: Well, I don’t like Daniel Craig that much. He never smiles in his films on Daniel Craig?
and I don’t think he’s particularly good-looking.
N
Ryan: That’s rubbish. He’s cool and he’s tough. What more do you want?
6 What does Ryan think of
him?
U
Josh: Stop arguing, guys. Here’s one of the film crew. 7 Which part in a Bond film
Sophie: Maybe we’ll be asked to be the new Bond girls! would Sophie like?
Josh: Dream on!
E

Phrases
PL

• What’s going on?

• that much
• What more do you want?
• Dream on!
M
SA

100

M11_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U11.indd 100 6/10/09 08:33:35


Grammar
The passive: present continuous,
past continuous and future simple
Present continuous passive
It’s being shot behind that store.
They are being followed by an assassin.
Past continuous passive
Bond was being chased over the roof tops.
Some scenes were being shot in Oxford Street.
Future simple passive
Maybe we’ll be asked to be the new Bond girls.
Make a rule.
Which word is always used in the continuous
11B
Use your English: Give opinions,
agree and disagree
Give an opinion
• In my opinion … /I think …
• I think it’s right/good/great/brilliant that …
• I think it’s a good/great/brilliant idea.
• I think it’s wrong/bad/terrible/unfair that …
• I think it’s a bad/terrible idea.
Agree
• I agree./I think so too.
• I think you’re right.
• Me too.*/Right!*
Disagree
• I’m not sure I agree.
• I’m sorry, I don’t agree.
• Sorry, I think you’re wrong.

IT
passive forms?
• No way!*/ T hat’s rubbish! *
• How can you say that? *
Practice
3 Read about the day the film was shot in
N
Concede
• I take your point.
U
Regent Street. Change the sentences into the
• I see what you mean.
passive form.
• Maybe you’re right.
E
• OK. You win! *
* = Informal use
PL

4 4
16 Listen to part of the dialogue from
M

Exercise 1. Then discuss the school rules below

in groups of three.
A: I think it’s right that sports will be made
SA

compulsory. Playing sport is …

B: I think so too. Everyone should …
C: Sorry, but I think you’re wrong. …

What was happening a few hours ago?

New school rules

1 A man was interviewing Daniel Craig.
Daniel Craig was being interviewed.
compulsory.
2 They were writing a new scene for Daniel Craig. 1 Sports will be made
home if they use
3 They were closing some of the roads. 2 Students will be sent
What is happening now?
a mobile phone.
ed by salads in the
4 They are telling people to be quiet. 3 Pizzas will be replac
school canteen.
5 They are turning on special lights. for dropping litter.
4 Students will be fined
6 They are shooting a scene behind the store.
What will happen next?
7 They will edit the scenes.
8 They won’t release the film until next March. Extra practice
9 A woman from Hello! magazine will photograph For more practice, go to page 128.
Daniel Craig.

101

M11_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U11.indd 101 6/10/09 08:33:40

11C It ought to be stopped.
Get started
Grammar The passive: modals, gerund
(-ing form) and infinitive 1 If you were ruler of the world for a year, what
Vocabulary Adjective and noun formation would you change?
I’d make sure every child in every country got a free
education.

http://www.changetheworld.net

HOME NEWS WATCH CONTACT

THE WEBSITE FOR TEENAGERS WHO WANT TO CHANGE THE WORLD

IT
Have you got what it takes to change the world? Do our quiz and find out.
Choose A, B, C or D for each question. = I strongly agree. = I agree. = I disagree. = I don’t know.
A B

N C D
U
1 Teenagers shouldn’t be asked to do so 4 Sixteen-year-olds should be paid the same as
many exams. It’s too stressful. everyone else if they do the same job.
A B C D A B C D
E

2 Using animals in experiments ought to 5 Magazines show too many images of youth and
PL

be stopped. It’s cruel and unnecessary. beauty. They destroy people’s confidence.
A B C D A B C D

3 Something must be done to help 6 Most of the things you throw away can be recycled.
M

victims of online-bullying. Don’t wait to be told, just recycle!

A B C D A B C D
SA

CHECK KEY A = 3 points, B = 2 points, C = 1 point and D = 0 points.

YOUR 0–6 points: Changing the world is not your priority.
ANSWERS 7–12 points: You have some strong views.
13–18 points: You really want to change the world.

READ ABOUT OUR LATEST CAMPAIGNER

Billy Wilson, 16, from Manchester
AND WATCH HIS VIDEO.

Be nicer to strangers!
I feel we are too greedy and selfish in our
society. But we can change that. We can show
that helping other people is as satisfying as JOIN
being helped. For example, we can carry a BILLY’S
bag for a stranger or share a snack. So join my CAMPAIGN
campaign and start to make a difference!

M11_UPB_SB_INTGLB_9551_U11.indd 102 6/10/09 08:33:45

 11C
Read Vocabulary: Adjective and noun
formation
2 4
17 Read the website. Match the statements
(1–6) in the quiz with the topics (a–f) below. 6a Complete the table with adjectives or
1 c) education nouns from the website.

a) the environment b) fair wages c) education Adjective Noun

d) the media e) scientific research f) the Internet cruel cruelty
___ stress
3 Do the quiz and compare your answers with young ___
your partner. Then check your profile in the
beautiful ___
quiz key.
confident ___
Grammar ___ greed
different ___
The passive: modals, gerund
(-ing form) and infinitive b 4
18 Add the following adjectives and nouns to
Modals the table and write the missing forms. Check in a

IT
dictionary if necessary. Then listen and check.
It ought to be stopped.
Something must be done to help the victims. Adjectives: 1 high height 2 poor 3 proud
They should be paid the same.
Things can be recycled.
N
4 hopeful 5 brave 6 wise
Nouns: 7 strength 8 truth 9 success 10 courage
U
Gerund (-ing form) 11 luck 12 anger
Helping is as satisfying as being helped.
Write
E
No one likes being ignored.
Infinitive 7 Choose an issue from the website opposite or
PL

Don’t wait to be told. think of another issue. Write a paragraph giving

your opinion about the issue. Use Billy Wilson’s
paragraph on the website to help you.
Practice
M

I believe that using animals in experiments ought to

4 Complete the statements with the prompts. be stopped. I feel that ... For example ...
SA

1 Teachers must be paid a fair wage. (must/pay)

2 More parks ___ in our cities. (should/create)
3 Refugees ___ to our country. (ought to/welcome)
4 The rainforest ___ just to make furniture.
(shouldn’t/cut down)
5 Seventeen-year-olds ___ the vote. (should/give)
6 Animals ___ to make fur coats. (mustn’t/kill)
7 The music industry ___ by illegal downloading.
(can/damage)
8 Teenagers ___ children. (hate/call)
9 Cyclists ___ by drivers! (don’t like/shout at)

Speak
5 Which statement (1–6) from the quiz do you
agree or disagree with strongly? Why?
I agree strongly that most of the things we throw
away can be recycled. We shouldn’t ...
Extra practice
For more practice, go to page 128.

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11D Nanotechnology
SCIENCE TODAY

The Nano Revolution

Curriculum link: Science

FACTFILE: Nanotechnology
• ‘Nano’ means one billionth, so a
nanometre is one-billionth of a metre.
• Nanotechnology works in sizes of less
than 200 nanometres (a human hair is
80,000 nanometres wide).
• The term ‘nanotechnology’ was first
used in the 1970s.

IT
What is nanotechnology?
Nanotechnology is the science of using atoms and N
U
molecules to build new machines and materials.

What is it being used for now?

E

Nanotechnology can be used to create materials Nanorobots

PL

like sunscreen, paint and clothes. Nanotech working in

sunscreen stays on the skin longer and is the brain
transparent. American submarines are coated with
M

a special nanotech paint which protects them from

rust, and there are nanotech clothing materials
which can’t be stained or creased. Already there are
SA

around 1,000 nanotech products.

What are the future applications?

Transport
In the future, nanotechnology might produce
super-strong, super-light materials which can be
used to build new aircraft and cars. These will be Medicine
far more environmentally friendly because they
Doctors hope that, one day soon, microscopic
will be light and will use less fuel.
nanorobots will be able to diagnose illness. These
Energy tiny robots will be injected into our bodies to
A nanotech coating on the glass in our houses conduct tests, deliver drugs or do surgery when
may be able to collect and store energy from the needed.
sun. We will then have a free supply of energy that It looks as if the future is going to be interesting,
isn’t damaging to the environment. exciting and very, very small!
New words
• nanotechnology • billionth • nanometre • atom • molecule • sunscreen
• transparent • coat (v) • rust • stain (v) • crease (v) • fuel • coating
• store (v) • supply (n) • microscopic • diagnose • tiny • inject
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 11D
Read Listen
1 4
Read the article. How many uses of
19 4 4
20Listen to a teacher talking to his class
nanotechnology are mentioned? about a space elevator. Answer the questions.
1 How far above Earth will the space elevator travel?
Comprehension 2 Where might it be attached to Earth?
2 Circle the correct answer. 3 How will the cable stay tight?
4 What will travel up and down the cable?
1 Nanotech sizes are less than ___ nanometres.
5 Why will the elevator be better than a rocket?
a) 1 billion
6 How will nanotechnology be useful for this?
b) 200
c) 80,000
Speak
2 Nanotech sunscreen is more effective because
a) you can’t see it.
5 Look at the list of nanotechnology benefits
below. With a partner or group, put the benefits in
b) you don’t have to use it often.
order from 1 (very important) to 6 (not important
c) it is thicker.
at all). Then discuss your order with another pair
3 Nanotech paint is especially useful for protecting or group.
a) submarines.

IT
b) your suntan.
c) clothes. THE BENEFITS OF
4 Cars which use nanotech products will be
a) less expensive. N NANOTECHNOLOGY
U
In the future we could see
b) faster.
c) lighter. • an elevator that can transport
people into space
E
5 A nanotech coating on the windows of a house
will be able to • clothes that will never stain
PL

a) keep the house warm. or crease

b) store solar energy.
c) protect the house from bad weather. • a glass surface which can store
the sun’s energy
M

6 Medicine will be helped by

a) better qualified doctors. • a submarine that can’t rust
SA

b) tiny machines in our bodies. • planes and cars that use less fuel
c) new kinds of drugs.
• a robot that can diagnose and
cure disease
Reading tip: Dictionary skills (4)
When you look up a word in a dictionary, make a
note of other related words or information.
Write
Now do Exercise 3.
6 Write a short article for a school magazine
about the benefits of nanotechnology. Use your
3 Look up: product, coat, crease, inject and
first three choices from Exercise 5 and give a
stain in a dictionary and answer the questions.
reason why you chose them.
1 What part of speech is it?
2 What other related words are given? Nanotechnology
3 What other useful information is given? I think nanotechnology is the most exciting
Now write an example sentence for each word. thing that I’ve read about for years! It will
bring us many benefits. In my opinion, … is
the most important benefit because …
Another exciting idea is … , because …
Finally, I think that …

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