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Dave - IEC62368-1 - EPSMA-Nov 2018 M-M
Dave - IEC62368-1 - EPSMA-Nov 2018 M-M
Dave - IEC62368-1 - EPSMA-Nov 2018 M-M
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Power Supply Safety - Overview
• Safety Specifications:
The relevant International Safety Standard for Artesyn Products are
Electric Shock
Fire (and fumes)
Physical Injury (sharp edges, falling/flying objects etc.)
Chemical Hazards
Radiation
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Power Supply Safety - Overview
• Safety Specifications : Laws, Bodies & Standards !!
IEC: International Electrotechnical Commission : a worldwide organization for standardization
- comprising all National Level Electrotechnical committees. ( 60 Member States )
IEC
International Electrotechnical Commission
IEC62368-1 - TC108
Other Countries
North America Europe
(China, Russia, Aus/NZ, Japan etc.)
IEC Standards are NOT enforceable until the National Parliaments pass legislation to make them LAW
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What is IEC 62368-1?
Section 1 : Why / What / When
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What is IEC 62368-1?
Why ?
Therefore, need a single safety standard that,
Less distinction today, in the recent Applies to a broad range of HT products
past and in the future among High-
Tech products: But is technology independent, and allows
for introduction of new technology easier
Similar technology, Allows for more design freedom
Similar marketing/distribution Minimizes need for national/regional
channels, differences
Similar use environments, Stable, understandable & user friendly
Similar users. Based on Sound engineering, research &
field data
Ultimately leads to design and manufacture
of safe products !.
What is this?
• Cell phone
• Computer
• GPS device
• Pager
• Tracker
• Music player
• TV
• …….
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What is IEC 62368-1?
Background
IEC 62368-1: Developed by IEC TC108 since 2002
New Safety Standard for
– Consumer Electronic (Audio/Video) Apparatus,
– Information Technology Equipment, and
– Communication Technology Equipment
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What is IEC 62368-1?
What is it not?
Not a simple Merger of IEC 60065 & 60950-1 !
– Although many common elements…
Not a Generic (ie Industry versus Residential) HBSE Standard !
– Standard is only applicable to products falling under its scope.
– Standard has both requirements and compliance criteria, either
performance-based or prescribed constructions.
– Standard is fully compatible with a IECEE CB Scheme, and 3rd Party
Mark Certification Programs !
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What is IEC 62368-1?
Compatibility of Components
IEC 62368-1 ed.1.0 & ed.2.0
a) Components and sub-assemblies that already comply with IEC 60950-1 are acceptable
as part of equipment covered by this standard without further evaluation other than to
give consideration to the appropriate use of component or subassembly in the end
products. [ to be removed in Ed 3 presently 04-10-2018 ]
Backward Compatible !
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What is IEC 62368-1?
Artesyn Road Mapping :
• Presently Artesyn Engineering Safety Teams are in process of upgrading all our
Power Supply Certifications to IEC/UL/EN623986-1 for Q2/2019 ..
Well before the National Level Deadlines.
• Artesyn Safety Labs (Eastwood, CDE and HK ) are already accredited for
EN62368-1 by UL and TUV & Nemko since March 2017 ..
Meaning that Artesyn can Self Test & submit results for quick certification.
CNS650-M Series
DA10 - Series
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What is IEC 62368-1?
Section 2 : Important IEC/EN/UL 62368-1 Terminologies ?
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Hazard Based Safety Engineering
Hazardous : Hazard : An Energy Source that exceeds Body susceptibility Limits
Safety : Safe : Situation where at least one safeguard is interposed between the
body and a hazardous energy source
Hazardous
Transfer Body
Energy
Mechanism Parts
Source
Hazardous Model
• Energy transfer is based on the amount of energy and the effectiveness of the transfer mechanism.
• Injury occurs when energy of sufficient magnitude and duration is imparted to a Body part
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Hazard Based Safety Engineering
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IEC 62368-1 Hazard Based Standard ?
Objective
IEC 62368 is a PRODUCT Safety Standard that :
• Defines Users = Body part ( ie persons = Ordinary/Instructed/Skilled )
• Identifies Energy Sources: (Electrical/Thermal(Heat)/Chemical/Mechanical etc)
• Classifies Energy Sources & defines its Class ( or limits )
(Class 1= Detectable : Class 2 = Pain : Class 3 = Injury )
• Describes & Provides guidance for the Safeguards against those energy
sources. ( location / properties / parameters / construction etc )
• Advises Test that Qualifies the safeguards as been effective
Note : The prescribed safeguards are intended to reduce the likelihood of pain, injury and, in the case of fire,
property damage.
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62368-1 : Body Parts ( Person – 3 Types )
Ordinary Person:
– Users and persons with access or persons in vicinity of equipment
– Not trained to identify hazards
– Will not intentionally create hazard
– Should not be exposed to hazardous energy
– Not a Instructed or Skilled person
Instructed Person:
– Instructed and trained by Skilled person or supervised by a Skilled person
– Able to identify Class 2 or greater energy hazards and take appropriate
precautions
– May have access to restricted locations
– Should not be exposed to hazardous energy
Skilled Person:
– Trained or posses experience
– Able to identify various energy hazards
– Able to take appropriate precautions
– Should be protected from unexpected hazards
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62368-1 : Hazardous Energy Sources - 6 types
From Body Response or Property Damage Clause
Electrical energy ES Pain, fibrillation, cardiac arrest, respiratory 5
(Shock) arrest, skin burn, internal organ burn
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62368-1 : Hazardous Energy Class – 3 Types
Level of Hazardous Energy Source
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62368-1 : SAFEGUARDS
Products necessarily use energies capable of causing injury or pain or property damage
( Hazardous Energies )
What is a Safeguard
A safeguard is a Device or Scheme or System that is:
– Is interposed between an energy source and a body part or property,
and
– Reduce the likelihood of transfer of energy to a body part or property
Hazardous
Body
Energy Safeguards
Parts
Source
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62368-1 : SAFEGUARDS
Use of Safeguards
A SAFEGUARD :
– can be applied to the equipment
– to the local installation
– to a person
– or can be a learned or directed behavior (for example, resulting from an
instructional safeguard) intended to reduce the likelihood of transfer of energy
capable of causing pain or injury
– A safeguard may be a single element or may be a set of elements
Mechanisms of Safeguards
Safeguard mechanisms against transfer of energy capable of causing pain or
injury include
– attenuating the energy (reduces the value of the energy)
– impeding the energy (slows the rate of energy transfer)
– diverting the energy (changes the energy direction)
– disconnecting, interrupting, or disabling the energy source
– enveloping the energy source (reduces the likelihood of the energy from escaping)
– interposing a barrier between a body part and the energy source
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62368-1 : SAFEGUARDS
Safeguard : Order of Priority / Hierarchy
Ideally, the order of preference for providing Safeguards is:
– EQUIPMENT safeguards
(ie NO Knowledge required by persons coming into contact with the equipment )
– INSTALLATION safeguards
(ie a safety guard must be provided after installation ( eg Bolting to the Floor / Earth Connection
required )
– PERSONAL safeguards
( ie invoking personal protective equipment )
In practice, safeguard selection will take account of the nature of the energy
source, the intended user, the functional requirements of the equipment, and
similar considerations. Blue are important for Component PSU’s...
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62368-1 : SAFEGUARDS
4 Types of EQUIPMENT Safeguards
BASIC Safeguard – safeguard that provides protection under normal
operating conditions and under abnormal operating conditions whenever
an a Hazardous Energy Source is present in the equipment
Example : Creepage & Clearance
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62368-1 : SAFEGUARDS
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62368-1 : SAFEGUARDS
Safeguard Models – Ordinary Persons
Class 1
Ordinary
Energy
Person
Source
Class 2
Basic Ordinary
Energy
Safeguard Person
Source
Class 3
Basic Supplementary Ordinary
Energy Safeguard
Safeguard Person
Source
OR
Class 3
Reinforced Ordinary
Energy
Safeguard Person
Source
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62368-1 : SAFEGUARDS
Class 1
Instructed
Energy
Person
Source
Class 2 Precautionary
Instructed
Energy Safeguard
Person
Source ( Behavioural )
Class 3
Basic Supplementary Instructed
Energy
Safeguard Safeguard Person
Source
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62368-1 : SAFEGUARDS
Class 1
Skilled
Energy
Person
Source
Class 2 Skill
Skilled
Energy Safeguard
Person
Source ( Behavioural )
Class 3 Skill
Skilled
Energy Safeguard
Person
Source ( Behavioural )
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What is IEC 62368-1?
Section 3 : IEC 62368-1 Structure
• Structure
• Elements of Section 5 : Electrical Injury
• ( Elements of Section 6, 8 & 9 in Notes )
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IEC 62368-1 Structure
Basic Structure of IEC 62368-1
Principles of this Product Safety Standard
Scope
Normative references
Terms, Definitions and Abbreviations
General Requirements
Electrically-caused Injury : ES1 : ES2 : ES3
Electrically-caused Fire : PS1 : PS2 : PS3
Chemically-caused injury :
Mechanically-caused Injury : MS1 : MS2 : MS3
Thermal Burn Injury : TS1 : TS2 : TS3
Radiation Injury: RS1 : RS2 : RS3
Appendix – especially G = Components
Each Hazard Energy has a Dedicated Section : Fully Standard - 350 pages approx
All Sections are taken into consideration during Evaluation but BLUE are significant
for Power Supplies
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IEC 62368-1 Structure
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IEC 62368-1 Structure
Evaluation Approach
5. Identify the ES1,ES2,ES3 parts and circuits & their
SHOCK safeguards
( ES = Electrical Energy Source ).
Includes many well known elements of 60950, but presented in a different way, including:
• Touch Voltage, Touch Current (leakage) and protective conductor current Limits (5.7)
- Less stringent that 60950
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IEC 62368-1 Structure
Section 5 – Electrical Caused Injury (Shock ) : Energy Sources 5.2
ES1 is a class 1 electrical energy source with levels not exceeding ES1 limits
under normal operating conditions, and abnormal operating conditions that do not
lead to a single fault condition, and not exceeding ES2 limits under single fault
conditions.
NOTE : ES1 may be accessible to an ordinary person.
ES2 is a class 2 electrical energy source with levels not exceeding ES2 limits under
normal operating conditions, abnormal operating conditions, and single fault
conditions, but is not ES1.
NOTE : ES2 may be accessible to an instructed person.
ES3 is a class 3 electrical energy source with levels exceeding ES2 limits under
normal operating conditions, abnormal operating conditions or single fault conditions.
NOTE 1 The energy in ES3 may cause harmful physiological effects under contact with a body part.
NOTE 2 Parts and circuits classed ES3 may be accessible to a skilled person.
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IEC 62368-1 Structure
Section 5 – Electrical Caused Injury : ( Shock ) : 5.2
Steady State Voltage & Current : Limits : 5.2
Energy Source ES1 Limit ES2 Limit ES3
DC 60 V 120 V
Voltage 30 Vrms 50 Vrms > ES2
AC up to 1 Khz
42.4 Vpk 70.7 Vpk
DC 2 mA 25 mA
Current 0.5 mA 5mA > ES2
AC up to 1 Khz
0.705 mApk 7.07 mApk
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Section 5 – Electrical Caused Injury : ( Shock ) : Class : 5.2
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IEC 62368-1 Structure
Section 5 – Electrical Caused Injury ( Shock ) : Safeguards : 5.3
• Protection against Electrical Sources : Safeguard # : 5.3
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IEC 62368-1 Structure
Section 5 – Electrical Caused Injury ( Shock ) : Earth Conductor 5.6
Protective Earthing Conductor Size
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What is IEC 62368-1?
Status of 62368 Standard : Transition Time Lines (Oct 2018)
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Summary
62368 is Easier to achieve …
– less strict limits compared to 60950
– Principles / Definitions / Requirements are more clearly explained
– more alternative ways to fulfill the standard requirements
62368 is Complicated …
– stricter requirement on component selection, e.g. resistor, insulation
system, etc.
– classification of energy source & safeguards is new.
– Fire enclosure and PIS (Potential Ignition source) cone is a different
concept from 60950..
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Thank You
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Back up Slides
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Summary
Approach to Design/Testing :
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IEC 62368-1 Structure
Section 6 – Electrical Caused Injury : ( Fire ) : Power Source 6.2
Includes many well known elements, and some new elements, presented in a different
way, including:
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IEC 62368-1 Structure
Section 6 – Electrical Caused Injury : ( Fire ) : Power Source 6.2
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IEC 62368-1 Structure
Section 6 – Electrical Caused Injury : ( Fire ) : Power Source 6.4
A Fire ENCLOSURE shall have a minimum distance of
a) 13 mm to an arcing PIS;
b) 5 mm to a resistive PIS.
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IEC 62368-1 Structure
Section 8 – Mechanical caused Injury :
Mechanical Energy source Classification
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IEC 62368-1 Structure
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IEC 62368-1 Structure
Section 9 – Thermal Caused Injury : ( Burn )
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IEC 62368-1 Structure
Section 6 – Thermal Caused Injury : ( Burn ) : 9.2
Thermal Energy source classification
• Typically Lower than
IEC60950
• Temps are taken at
25 Deg C Ambient
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IEC 62368-1 Structure
Section 10 – Radiation Caused Injury :
Radiation Energy Source Classification
IEC CB Certifications in %
IEC60950 = 34 %
IEC60335 = 28%
IEC60065 = 9%
IEC60601 = 5 %
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Artesyn IEC62368-1 Cert : Examples
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Hazard Based Safety Energy Source Diagram
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