8

Technology and
Livelihood Education
Module 4
Industrial Arts
Carpentry
Technology and Livelihood Education– Grade 8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Module 4: Industrial Arts- Carpentry
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work
of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or
office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit.
Such agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of
royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from
their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim
ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor MagtolisBriones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writer: Regie B. Abellano
Editors: Nilo R. Verdon, Grace A. Ando, Bernie R. Pamplona, Avelina C.
Duquesa, Rowena S. Timcang, Junel M. Anino, Jeho C. Raňin,
ArlynGalbo
Illustrator: Regie B. Abellano
Reviewers: Elizabeth A. Bautista, Flaviano L. Yparraguirre, Rico E.
Geonzon, Enriquito T. Fideles, Jr.

Layout Artist: Bernie R. Pamplona and Junel M. Anino

Management Team: Francis Cesar B. Bringas, CESO V
Isidro M. Biol Jr.
Maripaz F. Magno
JosphineChonie M. Obseňares
Romeo O. Aprovechar, CESO V
Rayfrocina T. Abao
Avelina C. Duquesa
Nilo R. Verdon,

Printed in the Philippines by ________________________

Department of Education–CARAGA Region XIII, Learning Resource Management System

(LRMS)

Office Address: J. P. Rosales Avenue, Butuan City, Philippines 8600

Telefax: (085) 817-7141
E-mail Address: caraga@deped.gov.ph
 8
Technology and
Livelihood Education
Module 4
Industrial Arts
Carpentry
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) 8Alternative Delivery

Mode (ADM) Module on Industrial Arts- Carpentry.

This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators

both from public and private institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator in
helping the learners meet the standards set by the K to 12 Curriculum while
overcoming their personal, social, and economic constraints in schooling.

This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help
learners acquire the needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration
their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of
the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies that
will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module.
You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.

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For the learner:

Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education (TLE) 8Alternative Delivery

Mode (ADM) Module on Industrial Arts- Carpentry!

The hand is one of the most symbolized parts of the human body. It is often used to
depict skill, action and purpose. Through our hands we may learn, create and
accomplish. Hence, the hand in this learning resource signifies that you as a
learner is capable and empowered to successfully achieve the relevant
competencies and skills at your own pace and time. Your academic success lies in
your own hands!

This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities
for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be
enabled to process the contents of the learning resource while being an active
learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

What I Need to Know This will give you an idea of the skills or
competencies you are expected to learn in
the module.

What I Know This part includes an activity that aims to

check what you already know about the
lesson to take. If you get all the answers
correct (100%), you may decide to skip this
module.

What’s In This is a brief drill or review to help you link

the current lesson with the previous one.

What’s New In this portion, the new lesson will be

introduced to you in various ways such as a
story, a song, a poem, a problem opener, an
activity or a situation.

What is It This section provides a brief discussion of

the lesson. This aims to help you discover
and understand new concepts and skills.

What’s More This comprises activities for independent

practice to solidify your understanding and
skills of the topic. You may check the
answers to the exercises using the Answer
Key at the end of the module.

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 What I Have Learned This includes questions or blank
sentence/paragraph to be filled into process
what you learned from the lesson.

What I Can Do This section provides an activity which will

help you transfer your new knowledge or
skill into real life situations or concerns.

Assessment This is a task which aims to evaluate your

level of mastery in achieving the learning
competency.

Additional Activities In this portion, another activity will be given

to you to enrich your knowledge or skill of
the lesson learned. This also tends retention
of learned concepts.

Answer Key This contains answers to all activities in the

module.

At the end of this module you will also find:

This is a list of all sources used in

References
developing this module.

The following are some reminders in using this module:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of
the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities
included in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.
If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are
not alone.

We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning
and gain deep understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you
master in carpentry –Analyze Signs, Symbols and Data. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to
follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them
can be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module has a lesson on:

Learning Objectives 1: Analyze Signs, Symbols and Data
(TLE_IACP7/8ID-0f-1)
After going through this module, you are expected to:

1.1. Explain the importance of sign, symbols and data in interpreting a

work plan.

1.2. Determine appropriate signs and symbols needed in the plan.

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 What I Know

Let us determine how much you already know about analyzing signs, symbols and
data. Take this test.

Pretest

Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write it in your activity notebook.

1. What do you call the drawing showing the plan, elevations, sections, and
other features?
A. Design C. Drawing
B. Diagram D. Layout

2. A simplified drawing showing the appearance, structure, or working and etc.

A. Design C. Layout
B. Diagram D. Location

3. Heavy line draws freehand for the same purpose as long break.
A. Long Break Line C. Section Line
B. Short Break Line D. Visible Line

4. This kind of line is used as axis of symmetry.

A. Center Line C. Hidden Line
B. Dimension Line D. Section Line

5. Heavy, solid line used to frame in the drawing.

A. Border Line C. Hidden Line
B. Center Line D. Visible Line

6. A medium line used to show the edges of the object and contours visible to
the eye.
A. Border Line C. Hidden Line
B. Center Line D. Visible Line

7. Light thin lines used to show the sizes of the object.

A. Dimension Line C. Hidden Line
B. Center Line D. Section Line

8. What kind of alphabet of lines is this ?

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 A. Border Line C. Hidden Line
B. Extension Line D. Section Line

9. This alphabet of line 0.90 is called.

A. Border Line C. Hidden Line

B. Dimension Line D. Section Line

10. This alphabet of line is used as axis of symmetry.

A. Center Line C. Section Line
B. Hidden Line D. Visible Line

11. A very light line used to “block in” an object, made so light that little
or no erasing is needed.
A. Dimension Line C. Extension Line
B. Construction Line D. Visible Line

12. A medium line used to show edges and contours not visible to the eye.
A. Construction Line C. Invisible Line
B. Extension Line D. Visible Line

13. A thin line that extend from the object outline or point on the object
placed outside the object area.
A. Border Line C. Hidden Line
B. Extension Line D. Section Line

14. It is a series of thin parallel lines placed on the cut surfaces of the
object.
A. Border Line C. Hidden Line
B. Extension Line D. Section Line

15. This is long-short-short-long lines most often used to show the travel
or movement of an object.
A. Border Line C. Phantom Line
B. Hidden line D. Visible Line

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 What’s In

Activity:

Directions: Determine the signs and symbols pointed by an arrow. You may use
the words inside the box.

EXTENSION LINE
DIMENTION LINE
SECTION LINE
PHANTOM LINE
VISIBLE LINE
HIDDEN LINE

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The isometric pointed in arrow that you’ve guest before has a specific signs and
symbols. And this will help you to understand the alphabet of lines by all means as
we proceed to our lesson.

What’s New

Activity: WORD SEARCH!

Directions: Find the 10 words in the box below related to alphabet of lines, Signs,
Symbols and Data in Carpentry. Copy the table in your activity notebook and
encircle the word in the puzzle. Words may appear horizontally, vertically and
diagonally.

H D E R V R C A R S E S
S I R T U D E S I G N E
Y M D V R L N U Z A I C
M E F D R E T N U M L T
B N R Y E G E B N U R I
O S X V B N R A W T E O
L I B H Y L L P I O D N
S O N Y U P I I K L R L
X N R W V R N G N R O I
W L R T B C E N T E B N
A I E X E F B T B N V E
E N I L E L B I S I V R
C E N T E R L I N E Y U

DESIGN BORDER LINE

PLAN VISIBLE LINE
HIDDEN LINE DIMENSION LINE
PHANTOM LINE EXTENSION LINE

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 CENTER LINE SECTION LINE
INVISIBLE LINE SYMBOLS

Lesson
TECHNICAL DRAWINGS SIGNS,
4 SYMBOLS AND DATA IN CARPENTRY

What is It

Line symbols used in technical drawing are often referred to as alphabet of

lines. The use of line symbols enables engineers/ designers to express features of
designed products clearly and accurately. Line features vary not only by width but
also by how they are graphically represented in drawing.

Unlocking of Technical Terms

Axis – line about which a body turns or rotates
Design – drawing showing the plan, elevations, sections, and other features.
Diagram - A simplified drawing showing the appearance, structure, or working and
etc.
Detail drawing – separate drawing showing a small part of a machine or structure
Dimension – definite measure shown on a drawing in detail.
Isometric Drawing - drawing which resembles a respective drawing.
Orthographic Drawing - arrangement in a drawing of the three principal views of
an object.
Projections – the cutting out of any part or any member of a structure
Reduced – made smaller than the actual size as in the size of object
Scaled Drawing – drawing plan made according to a scale, smaller than the actual
work
Sketch – freehand drawing of an object
Specification – written instruction to the worker containing all the information

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 A drawing is one of the most effective tools that we can use to communicate
with. It is a universal language of industry and has the ability to read and interpret
construction drawing is of great value to any construction worker. He will be able to
accurately construct an architect’s architectural concept and design into a realistic
building structure. Construction drawings uses lines, words, symbols, abbreviation
and specifications to indicate to the construction team what the building will look
like and the purpose and use thereof.

Can you determine the appropriate signs and symbols needed in the plan?

ALPHABET LINES:

Borderline
Heavy, solid line used to frame in the drawing.

Center line
A light line used as axis of symmetry. Used for
center of circle and arcs. Sometimes the symbol is shown

Construction line

Very light line used to “block in” an object. These

lines are made so light that little or no erasing is needed.
They serve as base for darkening in the permanent line.

Cutting Plane Line

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 Extra thick line use to show cutaway views or plane of projection where a
section view is taken. Arrow indicates directions of view.

Dimension line
Light thin lines used to show the sizes of the object.
Extension lights start about 1/16” from visible or object
line. The dimension line is broken near the center for the
dimension.

Extension Line

Thin and dark line use to show the starting and

ending of dimensions.

Hidden Line Source: Original illustration by RegieAbellano

Short dash lines use to show non visible surfaces.

Usually shows as medium thickness.

Leader Line

Is a line that establishes a connection between a

graphical representation of an item and some text.

Long break line

Heavy line draws freehand for same purpose as long

break.

Phantom Line

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 Are long-short-short-long lines most often used to show the travel or
movement of an object or part in alternative position.

Section line
A light line that approximately 45-degree angle
sketching an object or part that requires a sectional view.
A series of thin parallel lines placed on the cut surfaces of
the object

Short break line

Typically a thick jagged line showing where a portion

of a view has been removed.

Visible line

A medium line used to show edges and contours

visible to the eye.

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 DRAWING SIGNS AND SYMBOLS
Alphabet of Lines

In sketching orthographic drawing, certain conventional lines are used for a

definite purpose. These lines are commonly called Alphabet of Lines.

Note: please improve illustrations and text

Notes to the Teacher

This module contains activities that will help enhance the
knowledge and skills of students in analyzing drawings, sign and
symbols and data.
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 What’s More
Activity 1

Directions: Write your answer in your activity notebook.

1. Determine the signs and symbols pointed by an arrow.

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 What I Have Learned

Show that you learned something by doing this activity

Activity
Directions: Answer the following question in your activity notebook.

I. List all the different signs and symbols shown in the object below.

II. What is the importance of having signs and symbols in a drawing or plan?

Source: Original illustration by RegieAbellano

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 CENTER TABLE

What I Can Do

Show that you learned something by doing this activity.

Directions: Answer the following question in your activity notebook.

1. Explain the importance of having a sign and symbols in a given mini cabinet
plan?

2. Determine all sign and symbols that shown in a given detailed plan?

MINI CABINET DETAILED PLAN

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 Assessment
Multiple Choice
Directions: Choose the letter of the correct answer. Write it in your activity notebook.

1. It is a thin line that extends from the object outlines or point on the object

placed outside the object area.

A. Border Line C. Hidden Line
B. Extension Line D. Section Line

2. Heavy, solid line used to frame in the drawing.

A. Border Line C. Hidden Line
B. Center Line D. Visible Line

3. A very light line used to “block in” an object. These lines are made so light
that little or no erasing is needed.
A. Dimension Line C. Extension Line
B. Construction Line D. Visible Line

4. Light thin lines used to show the sizes of the object.

A. Border Line C. Hidden Line
B. Dimension Line D. Visible Line

5. What do you call the drawing showing the plan, elevations, sections, and
other features?
A. Design C. Drawing
B. Diagram D. Layout

6. A simplified drawing showing the appearance, structure, or working and

etc.
A. Design C. Layout
B. Diagram D. Location

7. A medium line used to show edges and contours not visible to the eye.
A. Construction Line C. Invisible Line
B. Extension Line D. Visible Line

8. This is long-short-short-long lines most often used to show the travel or

movement of an object.
A. Border Line C. Phantom Line
B. Hidden line D. Visible Line

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9. One of a series of thin parallel lines placed on the cut surfaces of the
object.
A. Border Line C. Hidden Line
B. Extension Line D. Section Line

10. A medium line used to show the edges of the object and contours visible
to the eye.
A. Border Line C. Hidden Line
B. CenterLine D. Visible Line

11. This kind of line which used as axis of a symmetry.

A. Center Line C. Hidden Line
B. Dimension Line D. Section Line

12. Heavy line draws freehand for the same purpose as long break.
A. Long Break Line C. Section Line
B. Short Break Line D. Visible Line

13. This alphabet of line is used as axis of symmetry.

A. Center Line C. Section Line
B. Hidden Line D. Visible Line

14. This alphabet of line 0.90 is called.

A. Border Line C. Hidden Line
B. Dimension Line D. Section Line

15. What kind of alphabet of lines is this - - - - - - - - - - - - - ?

A. Border Line C. Hidden Line
B. Extension Line D. Section Line

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 Additional Activities

Direction: Determine the signs and symbols pointed by an arrow. You may use the
words inside the box below.

OFFICE TABLE

Visible line Cutting Plane Line

Hidden Line Short Break Line
Section Line Long Break Line
Center Line Phantom Line
Dimension Line Extension Line
Leader line Border Line
 Answer Key

What I Know What’s In

1. A What's More
1. Leader line
2. B
2. Visible line 1. Dimension line
3. A
3. Dimension line
4. A 2. Short break line
4. Extension line 3. Leader line
5. A
5. Hidden line
6. D 4. Visible line
7. A 5. Hidden line
8. C 6. Extension line
9. B 7. Center line
10. A 8. Long break line
11. B 9. Cutting plane line
12. C 10. Section line
13. B
14. D
15. C

Assessment
1. B
2. A
3. B
4. B
5. A
6. B
7. C
8. C
9. D
10. D
11. A
12. A
13. A
14. B
15. C
 What I have What’ New What I can
Learned do
DESIGN
Dimension line PLAN
Dimension line
Short break line HIDDEN LINE Extension line
Leader line CENTER LINE
Hidden line
Visible line BORDER LINE Visible line
Hidden line VISIBLE LINE
Leader line
Extension line DIMENSION LINE
Center line EXTENSION LINE
Cutting plane line SECTION LINE
Section line SYMBOLS

Additional
Activities
1. Section line
2. Visible line
3. Long break line
4. Cutting plane line
5. Extension line
6. Dimension line
7. Leader line
8. Hidden line
9. Center line
10. Short break line

References
Department of Education. K-12 Grade 8 TLE Carpentry Learner’s Material DepEd –
Bureau of Secondary Education. Pasig City: DepEd, 2013.
Department of Education. K to 12 Basic Education CurriculumTechnology and
Livelihood Education Learning Module – Technical Drafting. Pasig City: DepEd, 2013.

Photo/Illustrations Credits
Abellano, Regie. “Alphabet of lines” [original illustration]. Cabadbaran City.2020
Abellano, Regie. “Border line” [original illustration]. Cabadbaran City.202
Abellano, Regie. “Center line” [original illustration]. Cabadbaran City.2020
Abellano, Regie. “Center table” [original illustration]. Cabadbaran City.2020
Abellano, Regie. “Construction Line” [original illustration]. Cabadbaran City.2020
Abellano, Regie. “Cutting plane line” [original illustration]. Cabadbaran City.2020
Abellano, Regie. “Dimension line” [original illustration]. Cabadbaran City.2020
Abellano, Regie. “Extension line” [original illustration]. Cabadbaran City.2020
Abellano, Regie. “Footing details elevation” [original illustration]. Cabadbaran
City.2020
Abellano, Regie. “Hidden line” [original illustration]. Cabadbaran City.2020
Abellano, Regie. “Isometric Drawing” [original illustration]. Cabadbaran City.2020
Abellano, Regie. “Leader line” [original illustration]. Cabadbaran City.2020
Abellano, Regie. “Long Break line” [original illustration]. Cabadbaran City.2020
Abellano, Regie. “Mini Cabinet Plan” [original illustration]. Cabadbaran City.2020
Abellano, Regie. “Office table” [original illustration]. Cabadbaran City.2020
Abellano, Regie. “Orthographic Drawing” [original illustration]. Cabadbaran City.2020
Abellano, Regie. “Phantom line” [original illustration]. Cabadbaran City.2020
Abellano, Regie. “Visible Line” [original illustration]. Cabadbaran City.2020

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education - Bureau of Learning Resources (DepEd-BLR)

Ground Floor, Bonifacio Bldg., DepEd Complex

Meralco Avenue, Pasig City, Philippines 1600

Telefax: (632) 8634-1072; 8634-1054; 8631-4985

Email Address: blr.lrqad@deped.gov.ph * blr.lrpd@deped.gov.ph