Heat exchanger impingement plate requirement

Shell Types

Flow Fractions for Each Stream

Guidelines for Shellside Design

For liquids with abrasive particles,impingement protection is required if the inlet mass velocity ρV2 exceeds 744 kg/m2, and fo
fluids, impingement protection is required if the inlet mass velocity ρV2 exceeds 2,230 kg/m2

Gollin [25] presents a methodology for determining the minimum inside diameter of a nozzle for various types of fluid enterin
The actual size of nozzle used will depend on the pressure, material, corrosion allowance, and pipe schedule.
The minimum inside diameter, dmin, is calculated from
dmin = [M2/(3.45 X 10^6 X Δpv X ρ)]^1/4
where
M is the mass flow rate of fluid through nozzle (lb/h)
ρ the density of fluid (lb/ft3)
Δpv the velocity head loss through the nozzle (psi)

1. E One-pass shell
2. F Two-pass shell with longitudinal baffle
3. G Split flow
4. H Double split flow
5. J Divided flow
6. K Kettle type reboiler
7. X Crossflow
Each of the streams has a certain flow fraction of the total flow such that the total pressure drop for each stream is the same.
undergoes different frictional processes and has different heat transfer effectiveness as discussed earlier. The design of the pla
tube exchanger should be such that most of the flow (ideally about 80%) represents the crossflow B stream. However, this is r
practice. Narrow baffle spacing will result in higher pressure drop for the B stream and forces
more flow into the A, C, and E streams. Based on extensive test data, Palen et al. [13] arrived at the flow fractions for various s
both for laminar flow and for turbulent flow. Even for a good design, the crossflow stream represents only 65% of the total flo
and 50% in laminar flow.

For segmental baffles employ 20% battle cuts.

Ratio of baffle spacing to shell diameter may be restricted to values between 0.2 and 1.0.
Baffle spacing much greater than the shell diameter must be carefully evaluated.