PROJECT: WIND ENERGY

Delmy Carolina Par Rancho

Correo Electrónico institucional: 2164919910511@ingenieria.usac.edu
Correo Personal: delmycarol.par@gmail.com
Carnet: 201122218

Wind energy is the energy that the wind possesses

Abstract
The wind is a clean, free, and readily available
renewable energy source. Each day, around the
world, wind turbines are capturing the wind’s power
and converting it to electricity. Wind power
generation plays an increasingly important role in
the way we power our world – in a clean,
sustainable manner.
But how is wind energy created? Wind turbines
allow us to harness the power of the wind and turn it
into energy. When the wind blows, the turbine's
blades spin clockwise, capturing energy. This
triggers the main shaft of the wind turbine,
connected to a gearbox within the nacelle, to spin.
The gearbox sends that wind energy to the
generator, converting it to electricity. Electricity then
travels to a transformer, where voltage levels are
adjusted to match with the grid.
Keywords
Wind Energy, Generator, Wind Generator, WInd.
and that can be used directly or transformed into
other types of energy, such as electrical energy.
The first known use of the wind dates from the year
3.000 B.C. with the first Egyptian sailing ships. A
few millennia later (s. VII in Persia) will emerge the
first windmills that will allow grinding grain or
pumping water. Today, wind power can be
converted into electricity with high efficiency, thanks
to large wind turbines, also called wind turbines.
A wind turbine consists of a set of blades (normally
three) connected to a rotor which, by means of a
gear system, is connected to an electric generator.
All this machinery (wind turbine) is placed at the top
of a mast or tower where there is more wind
influence.
To better understand the concept of this energy, a
project is presented that is a mini wind generator.

Objectives
1. Understand the concept of wind energy.
2. Understand the operation of a wind
Development of the study
generator.
3. Apply in everyday life clean types of energy, What is wind energy?
such as wind energy.
Introduction
Wind energy (or wind power) refers to the process
of creating electricity using the wind, or air flows that
occur naturally in the earth’s atmosphere. Modern
wind turbines are used to capture kinetic energy
from the wind and generate electricity.
There are three main types of wind energy:
 Utility-scale wind: Wind turbines that range
in size from 100 kilowatts to several
megawatts, where the electricity is delivered
to the power grid and distributed to the end
user by electric utilities or power system
operators.
 Distributed or "small" wind: Single small
wind turbines below 100 kilowatts that are
used to directly power a home, farm or small
business and are not connected to the grid.
 Offshore wind: Wind turbines that are
erected in large bodies of water, usually on
the continental shelf. Offshore wind turbines
are larger than land-based turbines and can
generate more power.
What are the advantages—and challenges—of
wind power?
Wind power is one of the fastest-growing energy
sources in the world because of its many
advantages. Wind power also presents inherent
challenges in some regions of the world, which are
being addressed through research and
development (R&D) projects around the globe.
 Wind power is cost-effective in many
regions. In others, wind power needs to
compete with other energy sources, but
global R&D efforts are working on solutions
to reduce the levelized cost of electricity
(LCOE) of both onshore and offshore wind
power.
 Another advantage to wind power is that it is
a domestic source of energy, harnessing a
limitless local resource. Some viable
locations for wind farms, however, are
located remote areas that would present
challenges in construction and electricity
transmission logistics. Technology
breakthrough such as two-piece blades and
modular construction are helping overcome
such challenges.
 An additional benefit of wind power is it is a
sustainable source of energy, as wind
turbine operation does not directly emit any
CO2 or greenhouse gases—helping
countries meet their emission reduction
targets and combating climate change. Wind
energy is plentiful, readily available, and
capturing its power does not deplete our
valuable natural resources. In fact, an
environmental benefit to wind power is its
ability to counter the detrimental effects of
climate change. The Global Wind Energy
Outlook projects that by 2030 wind energy
will offset 2.5 billion tons per year of carbon.
How wind turbines work
When the wind blows past a wind turbine, its Blades
capture the wind’s kinetic energy and rotate, turning
it into mechanical energy. This rotation turns an
internal shaft connected to a gearbox, which
increases the speed of rotation by a factor of 100.
That spins a generator that produces electricity.
Typically standing at least 80 meters (262 feet) tall,
tubular steel towers support a hub with three
attached blades and a “nacelle,” which houses the
shaft, gearbox, generator, and controls. Wind
measurements are collected, which direct the
turbine to rotate and face the strongest wind, and
the angle or "pitch" of its blades is optimized to
capture energy.
 A typical modern turbine will start to generate
electricity when wind speeds reach six to nine miles
per hour (mph), known as the cut-in speed.
Turbines will shut down if the wind is blowing too
hard (roughly 55 miles an hour) to prevent
equipment damage.

Over the course of a year, modern turbines can

generate usable amounts of electricity over 90
percent of the time. For example, if the wind at a
turbine reaches the cut-in speed of six to nine mph, Bibliographic references
the turbine will start generating electricity. As wind
speeds increase so does electricity production. University of San Carlos, Guatemala. Technical
English 3. Page 41 - 45
Another common measure of wind energy
production is called capacity factor. This measures Website: News Soliclima. Consulted: 25/06/2020.
the amount of electricity a wind turbine produces in https://news.soliclima.com/
a given time period (typically a year) relative to its
maximum potential. Website: AWEA. Consulted: 24/06/2020.
https://www.awea.org/
Materials for the mini wind generator:
 One 12 volt engine Author information
 An LED
Delmy Carolina Par Rancho, Faculty of
 Wire
Engineering, central campus, University of San
 Cardboard (for the house)
Carlos, Guatemala, Tenth semester student of
 One disc of CD
Chemical Engineering 2020.
 Lids of the bottles
 A hairdryer

Result: