EMPOWERMENT TECHNOLOGIES GRADE 12 MAGIS
Social Media- it is a web based technolgy that
CHAPTER 1
ICT- Information and Communications Technology- refers to
all technology that is used to handle telecommunication and
access information.Modern definitions describe ICT as the
convergence of several technologies including internet and
wireless medium, but the primary focus is on the acess and
sharing of information and communications.
 Computers
 Radio
 Television
 Cellular phones
 Network hardware and software
 Internet connections
 Satellitesystems
ICT nowadays, utilizes the advantages of the tools mobility.
Mobile devices can communicate through the following
communication technologies:
 Wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi)- a type of wireless local area
network technology
 Bluetooth-uses packet-based transmission over short
range radio signals.
 Third generation (3G), fourth generation (4G), global
system for mobile communications (GSM), and general
packet radio services (GPRS)
 Data services- data networking services for mobile
phones.
 Dial-up services- data networking servicesusing
moderns and telephone lines.
 Virtual private networks (VPN)- secure access o a
private network.
Emerging Technologies
1. Artificial inelligence(AI)- the branch of computer
science focused with making computers work and act
like humans.
2. Robotics- the field of computer science and engineering
concerned with creating devices that can move and react
to sensory input.
3. Biometrics- In ICT, biometrics is the technology used to
measure and analyze human body characteristics such as
DNA, fingerprints, eye retinas and irises, voices
patterns, facial patterns, and hand measurements, mainly
for authenication purposes.
4. Quantum cryptography- the science of encoding and
decoding informaion or messages which depends on
physics, not mathematics.it is used for information
privacy and security.
5. Computers-assisted translation (CAT)- the use of
computers o assist in the ranslation of one or more
natural languages of one or more natural languages into
another or others, and vice versa.
6. 3-D imaging and holography- Holography is a
photographics technique that uses ligh to project objects
in a way that appears three dimensional.
7. Virtual reality- the term used to describe a three-
dimensional, computer-generated environmen that can
be explored and interacted with by a person.
ONLINE SYSTEMS: FUNCTIONS AND
PLATFORMS
The concepts “online” is described as a state of being
connected to the cyberspace through a medium of
internet or simply to a computer network even without
internet.
Online systems can vary in nature since there are many
services that are now offered using many servicesthat
are now offered using the internet.
PLATFORMS- is defined as a group of technologies
that are used as a base upon which other applications,
processes, or technologies are developed.
Common Online Platforms
1.
allows the development, deployment, and
management of social media solutions and services.
2. E-commerce- it is a collection of software
technologies that allows merchants to create a
storefront on the inernet.
3. Online learning platforms- it is an incorporated set
of ineractive online services that provides the
teachers, learners, parents, and otherinvolved in the
education sector with a wide range of tools and
resources o support and enhance the delivery and
management of education through the internet.
4. Online video- it is a service providing end-to-end
tools used o create, customize, publish and manage
videos online.
ONLINE SAFETY AND SECURITY, ETHICS AND
NETIQUETTE
Common issues and crimes on he internet are the
following:
1. Cyberbullying
2. Hacking
3. Identity theft
4. Plagarism
5. Intellectual property rights and copyright
issue
Online safety and security defines how you are going to keep
yourself safe while surfing the web.
ONLINE ETHICS AND NETIQUETTE
Online ethics focuses on the acceptable use of online resources
in an online environment.
Netiquette focuses on the acceptable behavior of the person
while using the inernet resource. It is a combination of the “net”
(from internet) and “etiquette”
IMPROVING YOUR RESEARCH SKILLS
ONLINE
1. Know the sources
2. Use your web browser properly
3. Organize your booksmarks
4. Learn to use advanced search techniques
5. Follow the web
CHAPTER 2 APPLIED PRODUCTIVITY
TOOLS
Productivity tools- can be a freeware or share ware.
Freeware- is aopyrighted, which can be used for free anf for an
unlimited time while
Shareware- is commercial software that is coprighted, which
can be copied for trial but needs to be purchased for continued.
MS Word- is one of the software of the Microsoft Office 2013
suite. It offers a set of tools that is advanced compared to its
previous versions.
MS Powerpoint- on the other hand, allows you to create slide
show presentations wherein yoiu can format the texts and
images, adding also animations and other multimedia
components interactivity.
MS Excel- is one of the applications created by Microsoft, used
to simulate a paper worksheet.
-it is composed of cells that are represented in rows and
columns designed to perform basic arithmetic operations.
-It is widely used in accounting and financial
applications, as well as statistics and engineering.
ADVANCED TECHNIQUES USING MS WORD:
HYPERLINKS
Hyperlink- is a link that will direct you to another page or part
of the same document.
-it can be a word, a phrase, a symbol or image, a
different element in the document, another hypertext document,
a file, or a script.
Mail merge- is a useful tool that allows you to quickly produce
and send information, newsletter, resumes, or brochure to many
people.
 Slide animations- is a moving computer graphic effect that
canbe added to the text, object, or the entire slide itself.
Chapter 3 Imaging and Design for the Online Environment
Principles of Graphics and DESIGN
Across discipline, the following principles are follwed to
standarize image creaion and manipulation using any graphic
software .
1. Balance- it describes that placement of elements of
equal weight on the page.
Symmetrical Asymmetrical
2. Movement –it describes he flow of elements on the
page.
3. Unity – it is the sense of oneness of he elements that
creates balance and harmony.
4. Repetition – it describes the consistent and balanced
repetition of a design or element.
5. Proximity – it describes the organization and
relationship of elements included in the design.
6. Contrast- it is the combinationof opposing
characteristics of an element like color, size, thickness,
etc.
7. Whitespace- it is the negative space or large margine
that allow your design o breathe within the elemens.
INORGRAPHIC
Also known as data visualization, it is a visual image such as a
chart or diagram that is used to exlplain information or data.
Inographic makes the data easily understood at a glance and
quickly communicates a message especially to simplify the
presentation of large amounts of data.
Guidelines On How To Create Inographic
1. Thesis/ story- the subject and the main idea of your
inforgaphic must be clear.
2. Data- must be organize be well- organized and support
the main idea.
3. Simpllicity –(color, style, and illustration) you must be
able to create your own color palette.
4. Sources- you must cite your sources so as to give
credibility to your data.
5. Branding/shareability- your infographic must be
creative and innovative.
Websites that can help you create free inographic
1. http://piktochart.com
2. https://www.canva.com/createinographics/
3. https://venngage.com
4. https://infogr.am//
IMAGE FILE FORMATS
file formats also became an important aspects in the design
stage. The mos common file formats are JPEG, GIF,BMP, TIFF,
and PNG.
1. JPEG- or Joint Photographic Experts Gorup is the
most popular image format used on the web. Files are
used mostly by photographers, artist, graphic designers,
medical imaging specialists, and other groups because
image quality color fidelity is important in the field.
2. GIF-or Graphic Interchange Format –is limited to the
8-bit plae with only 256 colors. This format was
popularized in the 1980s as an efficient means to
transmit images across data networks and on the web
since it uses the basic form of file compression.
3. BMP- bitmap – image file or device independent
bitmap (DIB) file format is the image file used in the
Microsoft Windows operating system. It is an
uncompressed file and is made up of millions of dots
called ‘pixels’ with different colors and arrangements.
4. TIFF- or Tagged Image File Format- by Aldus
Corporation for dekop publishing. I is supported by
many imaging programs and is good format for graphic
storage, processing, and printing. TIFF is considered as
a high-quality image format, where all color and data
information are stored.
5. PNG- or Portable Network Graphic –is an image
format developed by a group of graphic software
developers as a nonproprietary alternative to the GIF
format.
PRINCIPLES AND BASIC TECHNIQUES OF IMAGE
MANIPULATION
There are many available programs on the web for instant
image manipulation and other editing techniques. Common
to all image editing programs:
1. Cropping- it is a process of removing unwanted parts of
the image focusing only on the subject.
2. Color balance- in any image manipulating program, this
command will allow you to make changes in the mixture
of colors in an image.
3. Adjusting the brightness and contrast- this command is
the most basic when adjusting the image tone.
4. Compression and resizing – an image is an important
aspect in image manipulation.
5. Color blending- use the different special effects buttons
available in the different image editing software.
6. Combining Multiple Images- compositions must be
planned and conceptualized first so that you will be able
to render the best image and message possible.
ONLINE GRAPHICS SOFTWARE
There is no doubt that Adobe Photoshop came to be the standard
of photo editing since in the 1990s. Based on TechRadar, the
following are the list of websites that you can ry as beginners in
the field or for professionals who would like to try other
software.
1. Picasa- it is Google’s free desktop image editing
program.
2. Fotor- it is a multipleform photo editing website. I
offers a wide range of effects and tools for editing
images.
3. Pixlr- it is also multiplatform image editing
program. You can choose between the editior for
editing images or creating an original image righ
through the browser.
CHAPTER 4 ONLINE PLATFORMS
Nature and Purposes of Online Platforms
According to Marc Andreessen on his blog, a platfrom is “ a
system that can be programmed and therefore customized by
outside developers-users-and in that way, adapted to countless
needs and niches thatthe platforms original contemplated, much
less had time to accomodate.”
A platform has three levels:
Level1 Acess API- API means application programming
interfaces. On this level, the processes of building and running
the application itself is solely done by a developer who possesses
both technical expertise and financial resources.
Level2 Plug-in API- this platform has been used in end user
applications to let developers build new functions that can be
injected or plugged into the core system and its user interface.
Level3 Runtime Environment- the huge difference is that the
third-party application code actually runs inside the platform-
developer code is uploaded and runs online, inside the core
system.
WEB DESIGN PRINCIPLES
According to Cleverism, “Web design is a concept of planning,
creating, and maintaining website,”it is the process of creatively
designing and constructing a website and updating.
PRINCIPLES OF WEB PAGE OR SITE
1. Visualy hierarchy- shown through the use of varying
sizes and amount of content.
2. Proportion- you can make use of the golden ratio, a
magical numer approximately equal to 1.618 that makes
 all proportioned so as to make the design aesthetically
pleaseing.
3. Hick’s Law- this law can be considered as a guideline
for decission making in a viewer’s perspective.Hick’s
law states that “with every additional choices, the time
required to make a decission increases.”
4. Fitts’ Law- According to this law, the time needed to
move to a target is dependent upon the size of the target
as well as the distance to the target.
5. Accesibility- When a visitor enters the website, he or
she must able to access each bit of information in the
easiest manner.
6. Visible Language- a web page design should
communicate with the users clearly and in an engaging
manner.
7. White Space and Simple design- white space helps
divide the web page into several distinct part or areas
that makes simplier for the users to process info.
Things to consider Simple Design
 Grid-based layout-divide into columns, boxes,
and different sections.
 F-pattern design- design a web page in a way
that complements the natural reading behavior
of the visitors like F-pattern.
 Conventional design- designs still work well as
far as visitor response or likeability is
concerned.
8. Regular Testing- Test Early and Test Often- website
constantly need upgrade and updates to maintain the
visitor customer’s and trend.
WEB DESIGN ELEMENTS
1. Links- it should be normal, visited, active, hover.
2. Forms- Form label- typically collect personal data
that users are reluctant to give out. Input fields an
labels- plan on how the input fields of the form will
be laid out on the page.
3. Form Validation- where the website communicates
the user requirements and errors in a form.
 Required fields- all are indicated and done
usually with an asterisk.
 Real-time validation- informs the user as
quickly as possible of any problems with the
data they have inputted.
 Post-back validation- after the user has
submitted the form.
4. Status Messages: Errors, Warnings,
Confirmation- users will usually need some sort of
feedback after performing an action on your website.
5. Animations: Pop-ups, tooltips, transitions- if
animations are critical, it is best to provide
developers with a sample of how they should work.
 Toolstips- those little pop-ups when user’s
mouse hovers over elements.
 Image rotators or sliders- home page slide
shows are all the rage, and a wide range of
options is availbale for transitions and
styles.
ONLINE WYSIWYG
A WYSIWYG (pronounced “wiz-ee-eig) editor is
one that allows a developer to see what the end
result will look like while the interface or document
is being created. It is an acronym for “what you see
is what you get”
ONLINE TECHNOLGIES
also includes presentation programs, forms and file
management that are available over the internet.
1. Prezi- was founded in 2009 bY Peter Arvai,
Peter Halacsy, and Adam Somlai-Fischer. It is a
presentation resources that features a zoombale
canvas.
2. Emaze- it is a presentation that will enable you
to create slide shows, video presentations, and
3-D presentations.
FILE MANAGEMENT AND MAPPING
A mind map is a concept of using diagrams for
representing tasks, words, concepts, or items
linked to and arranged around a cenral concept
or subject.
1. MindMeister-is an online mind mapping
tool that allows users to create, develop, and
share ideas visually.
2. Sibelius- an online platform used F
3. or writing music.
4. Google Forms- is a part of Gogle Drive, a
tool used for creating surveys, tests, or web
input forms.
CHAPTER 5 COLLABORATIVE
DEVELOPMENT IN ICT
Team Structure and Dynamics
The Team Structure described as a less
hierarchical organizational stucture in which
individuals are divided into teams. Team
Technolgy defines teams dynamics as “the
unconscious, psychological forces that influence
the direction of a team’s behavior and
performance.”
Within the concept of ICT, teamwork and collaboration with the
use of its tools became an emerging aspect in the workplace. The
following are common principles of collaboration applied to
most organizations and other institutions.
-Participation -Emergence
-Collective -Strategy
-Transparency -Lead by example
-Independence -Create a supportive
-Persistence environment
According to Dr. Graham Bill on his guest post ZD NET,
“Companies should start to develop their collaboration
capabilities before purchasing collaboration technology.”
The term “group dynamics” describes the way in which people
in a group interact with one another. The group works well
together when there is positive group dynamics.
STRATEGIES FOR TEAM DYNAMICS
-know your team -break down barriers
-Tackle problems -focus on communication
quickly with good feedbacks -pay attention
-define roles and
responsibilities
ONLINE COLLABORATIVE TOOLS AND
PROCESS
Online collaboration lets a group of people work
together in real-time using the internet without needing to be in
the same room in the same time.
Collaborating Online is the way to bridge the distance
between employess, as they can work together on the same
documents as if ther were all in the same room.
5 ESSENTIAL FATURES OF AN ONLINE
COLLABORATIVE TOOL
1. Easy and Clean interface-applications that are simple
and intutive are much easier to learn to use.
2. Permissions control- able to easily add people to
workplaces and control what they are able to do.
3. File storage with document versioning- be sure to that
all document versions are saved on the tool. This will
make it easy to track the progress of a document.
4. White board-they let team members communicate in a
more informal way. Best of all, a good online
collaboration tool will let you save your whiteboard, so
 you can always refer back to the ideas that were added 3. Linux Hosting- means hosting of web services that run
by your colleagues. on the Linux operatingsystem.
5. Document locking- this feature ensures that only one 4. ASP- Active Server Pages is a server-side scripting
person is working on a document at a time, no two technology developed by Microsoft.
people can change the documents at the same time. 5. PHP- is a widely used, free, and efficient alternative to
COMMON ONLINE COLLABORATIVE TOOLS competitors such as Microsoft amd ASP.
1. Trello- it is like a magical customizable to do list on a 6. JSP- Java Server Pages you can create dynamic web
single interface, which you can share with others in real pages by putting Java code inside your HTML pages.
time. 7. ColdFusion- used to develop dynamic web pages.
2. Podio- is an enterprise social network that aims to add 8. Adobe Dreamweaver- allows users to develop a
the functionality of a project management system. Each website without any deep knowledge of web
user has his own profile, which is associated with other development
people. 9. Secure Sever- it can transmit data encrypted. It can be
3. Asana- created by Dustin Moskovitz, co-founder of protected against unauthorized access.
facebook, and former tech-lead Justin Rosenstein, CLOUD HOSTING
offering the flexibility to assign tasks and to-dos, set Offers unlimited ability to handle high traffic or traffic
deadlines,a nd kept track of it all on workplace on spikes. Here’s how it works: A team of servers (called a
tablets, smartphones, and desktop. cloud) works together to host a group of website. This
4. Google Apps- like some other apps it requires a allows multiple computers to work together to handle
connection to the internet, but it is accessible on most traffic levels for any particular website.
devices. Users can also create hangouts for group chtas
or videos conferencing.
5. Yammer- it is a great tool for communication and
collaboration among employees and offers many End of Chapter 5 :)
features for free.
PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Project management is most applied in the business sector;
however, it has also been implemented in ICT since it involves
technicalities, services, and management.
The following elements need to be managed throughout the
project life cycle.
 Goals, scope and constraints
 Timetables and costs
 Tasks and deliverables
 Workloads and resources
 Quality and risks
 Changes
 Communications
 External services and sourcing
Roles and Competencies
1. Project Owner- he is the head of the business and bears
the responsibilty for successful project implementation
and is usually the chairperson of the project steering
group.
2. Project Steering Group- this group consists of
representatives of the business, ICT and the (internal and
external) vendor. The group provides the guidelines,
taking responsibility for decission-making, supporting
the project manager.
3. Process Owner-the owner is the cairperson of the
steering group.
4. Project Manager- he is the responsible for daily project
management and ensures that the project produces the
agreed deliverables at the appropriate level of quality.
5. Project Management Office(PMO)- in large org.,
PMO is often established to gather project resources
together and to develop and update the company’s
project practices and management policy.
ICT PLATFORM IN HOSTING DATA
a web hosting service is an internet service that allows
individual users and organizations to make their website
accessible over the World Wide Web. They can also
provide data center space and connectivity to the internet
for other servers locted in their data center, called
collocation.
MOST COMMON HOSTING TECHNOLOGIES
1. Window Hosting- means hosting of web services that
run on the Windows operating system.
2. Unix Hosting- unix was the first (original) web server
operating system, and its being reliable and stable.