2017OGRM Prioritization

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REVIEW

Prioritisation on the of giving information efficient and succinct and allows all
members of the team to contribute to handover in an organised

labour suite way. All consultant led cases should be discussed along with new
referrals to the unit and midwifery led cases as required. The
handover for each patient should include the current manage-
Joanne Ai Looi Lee ment plan and detail any outstanding investigations or jobs that
Lucy Kean need to be completed. Any woman who is pregnant on a non-
obstetric ward should also be discussed so that care can be co-
ordinated.
Abstract
The ability to successfully prioritise the workload on a labour suite is
Ward rounds
an essential skill for a trainee obstetrician to develop. It requires a
At the start of each shift there should be a ward round involving
trainee to develop effective leadership skills which encompass the
the obstetric team, the co-ordinating midwife and, where
ability to work and communicate well in a multidisciplinary team of ob-
possible, the anaesthetist covering the labour suite. The safer
stetricians, anaesthetists and midwives who are all vital members of
childbirth report recommends that when there is no consultant
the labour suite team. In addition, the trainee needs to be organised,
presence on the labour ward there should be two ward rounds in
able to delegate work appropriately, and have a high level of situa-
the day with a further round in the evening.
tional awareness to anticipate issues arising on the labour suite.
The complexity of individual cases and the workload on the
labour suite should determine the frequency of additional board
Keywords labour suite; obstetrics; pregnancy; prioritisation; triage or ward rounds. Women receiving high dependency care on the
labour suite should be reviewed at least four-hourly. The ward
round is the time to identify any current problems and develop a
General principles
management plan. It is also an opportunity to identify potential
The workload on a labour suite varies little over the course of 24 future problems and put in place plans to reduce the risk of
hours with the exception of elective work such as planned complications arising.
caesarean sections and inductions of labour. The work carried
out is varied in nature and may include caring for women Balancing planned and emergency work
requiring high dependency care through to supporting natural A large proportion of the workload on a labour suite is emer-
birth. Similarly the experience levels of healthcare professionals gency cases and the degree to which they are predictable will
involved in intrapartum care will vary from newly qualified vary. The planned work on a labour suite takes place on most
midwives and foundation trainees through to Band 7 midwives days and includes elective caesarean sections and inductions of
and consultant obstetricians. The working day is structured labour. In most units the planned workload will need to be fitted
around formal handovers and regular ward and board rounds in amongst the emergency work. In recent years, a gradual rise in
which should enable current and potential future problems to be elective caesarean section and inductions of labour had increased
identified. the workload on labour suite. Therefore, as part of the skill of
prioritisation, it is vital that a trainee develops an understanding
of balancing an increase workload of elective and emergency
Handover
work.
It is recommended that a period of time is allowed for a formal
handover between staff at the shift change over. The handover Non-technical skills
should be multidisciplinary and involve the midwife co- Originally adapted from the aviation industry, non-technical
ordinating the labour suite, the incoming and outgoing obstet- skills are the cognitive, social and personal resource skills that
ric and anaesthetic teams and, where possible, the senior complement clinical and technical skills. Non-technical skills
obstetrician and anaesthetist covering the labour suite. A hand- such as effective leadership, high levels of situational awareness,
over that is supported by written documentation has been shown good decision making, workload management and communica-
to improve the retention of information minimising the risk of tion can improve patient safety. Such skills are of particular
important patient information becoming lost. relevance in our specialty, where multiple tasks are often
Structuring the handover using the SBAR (situation, back- required simultaneously.
ground, assessment and recommendation) tool keeps the process The link between poor teamwork, communication and poor
maternity care has been highlighted in previous CMACE reports
and the Kings Fund safer birth enquiry with the outcomes being
increased maternal mortality and also significant morbidity and
Joanne Ai Looi Lee BMBS MRCOG is an ST7 in Obstetrics and
Gynaecology at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City economic losses, with obstetrics and gynaecology malpractice
Hospital Campus, Nottingham, UK. Conflicts of interest: none claims representing half of the UK NHS litigation bill over the last
declared. 10 years. Therefore, there had been a more recent emphasis on
developing non-technical skills in medicine through leadership
Lucy Kean BM BCh DM FRCOG is a Consultant in Fetal and Maternal
Medicine at Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, City and patient safety initiatives. The non-technical skills for sur-
Hospital Campus, Nottingham, UK. Conflicts of interest: none geons (NOTSS) tool is a behavioural marker system initially
declared. developed by the royal college of surgeons of Edinburgh to aid

OBSTETRICS, GYNAECOLOGY AND REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE 27:3 71 Crown Copyright Ó 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
REVIEW

trainers in providing feedback to trainees on non-technical as- (ward, laboratories, porters) are clearly displayed and up to
pects of their management. This has been adapted for use on date.
labour ward and gynaecological theatres and is gradually being
introduced into the curriculum. Leadership: good leadership skills are essential to the smooth
running of the labour suite. This involves motivating, directing
Situational (or situation) awareness: situational awareness is and organising the medical and midwifery team, encouraging
the ability to understand the workload and the resources individuals to work together, appropriately triaging and dele-
available to you and how you can best use this information to gating the workload, assessing performance and generating a
prioritise tasks, anticipate future problems and take effective positive environment. One of the keys to good leadership is to
actions. This concept is crucial to prioritising the workload on a make decisions at the appropriate times so that clear plans exist
labour suite, where multiple tasks may present themselves for all women, meaning that both patients and staff understand
simultaneously, task interruption is common, and delegation is what is happening and what will happen going forward.
often required. Situational awareness can occur at three levels,
namely the procedure, the patient and the relationship between Teaching
the team and environment. For example, whilst performing a Labour suite is an excellent place for learning opportunity and
procedure such as a complex caesarean section, surgical com- senior trainees are expected to engage with teaching medical
plications such as haemorrhage and injury to internal organs students and supervising more junior doctors and midwives
need to be anticipated. Situational awareness whilst commu- when labour suite activity allows. By supervising midwives with
nicating to patients involves being aware of their concerns and suturing and cannulation, this will help empower the midwives
how our position as doctors and the way we communicate can to be able to cannulate their own patients when access is
influence the dynamic with the patient. Situational awareness required prior to commencing Syntocinon or in a post-partum
of the workload on labour suite can be aided by regular board haemorrhage. This in turn will provide greater flexibility to
rounds with the labour suite co-ordinator, anaesthetist and delegate tasks during busy periods and help reduce any unnec-
junior colleagues in order to maintain a shared mental model essary delays. However, supervision of trainees should be
and in doing so any future events can be anticipated and balanced against the trainee’s own educational needs and they
workload delegated appropriately and in a timely manner. should only be supervising procedures to a level that is appro-
priate for their stage of training and competency level. Quiet
Decision making: decision making requires an assessment of periods on the labour suite can be used to complete workplace
the situation and choosing a course of action. The woman based assessments such as mini CEX, OSATS, NOTTS and to
should be involved in the decision making process with the provide constructive feedback.
benefit of clear, accurate information so that she can make an
informed choice. It is also necessary to review the result of a Consultant presence on labour suite
chosen plan of action, check that the desired outcome has been Currently most maternity units in the UK have consultant
achieved and default to a ‘Plan B’ if necessary. Decision making presence on the labour suite during daytime working hours.
may be influenced by fatigue, time pressures, the feasibility of Larger units may have a consultant presence out of hours as
available options, task demands, experience and the levels of well. The aim of this is to improve patient care and safety and
support available to you. also to provide support and supervision to trainees to maxi-
mise their learning opportunities. Trainees should be encour-
Communication: effective communication with the multidisci- aged to take this opportunity to complete workplace base
plinary team and the women is crucial to ensure optimal birth assessments requiring direct observation of a patient encounter
outcomes. The ability to communicate effectively with the or clinical skill such as mini CEX, OSATS and labour ward
mother and her partner is essential in order to gain their confi- assessment tools. Situational awareness on labour ward can
dence, provide reassurance in a stressful situation and to avoid also be assessed using the non-technical skills for surgeons
complaints. In emergency situations, once a crisis has been (NOTTS).
recognised, verbalise the crisis clearly and use close loop
communication (task clearly and loudly delegated to specific Simulation training
individuals and task accepted, performed and completion of task
acknowledged by the individuals) to ensure clear communica- With the implementation of the European Working Time
tion which will produce efficient team working. Staff should be Directive, specialty trainees are spending fewer hours on the
encouraged to use the SBAR format (situation, background, labour suite leading to a reduction in their experience of man-
assessment and response) in transmitting critical information aging obstetric emergencies. Successive confidential enquiries
during handovers, advice telephone calls and referrals. Although have consistently identified problems such as poor communi-
poor communication does not always lead to harm, it may lead cation and poor or non-existent team-working as obstacles to
to an increase in frustration, complaints and litigations, and the provision of care. Simulation based training provides an
delay in treatment. opportunity to develop and practice the technical and non-
Dissemination of information and mobilising the necessary technical skills necessary to successfully manage obstetric
staff can be streamlined by making certain that the bleep emergencies.
numbers of all relevant medical staff including on-call consul- Senior specialty trainees should aim to become involved in
tants and a list of the extension numbers that may be required the running of these drills as this will help to fulfil the

OBSTETRICS, GYNAECOLOGY AND REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE 27:3 72 Crown Copyright Ó 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
REVIEW

requirements of the Advanced Labour Ward Practice and Labour important to try and anticipate situations where problems could
Ward Lead ATSM and will help with preparation for their future occur at the same time. For example, it would be sensible to
role as a Consultant. delay taking an elective case to theatre if there are twins in active
second stage, which will require obstetric input and may require
Prioritising (triage) the workload theatre urgently if there are complications. Equally, it might be
wise to continue induction of labour of twins or in a patient with
The principles of triage are particularly important when the
a high BMI during the day in order to aim for delivery during day
workload on the labour suite is greater than the number of staff
time when more staff are available.
or resources available. The aim of triage is to deliver the right
Learning to delegate comes with experience and knowing the
care, to the right person at the right time. It was initially devel-
competencies of your medical and midwifery staff. Appropriate
oped for use by the military to aid the prioritisation of casualties.
delegation will allow you to triage work more efficiently and will
Four categories are assigned to patients: immediate, urgent,
result in a smoother running of the labour suite. Once tasks are
delayed and expectant. Immediate are those requiring lifesaving
appropriately delegated, the workload may not be as unman-
treatment. Urgent patients require treatment within 6 hours.
ageable as you had initially thought.
Patients assigned to the ‘delayed’ category have less serious
Delegate a team member to review admissions with minor
problems that require management but not within a set time
problems so that they can be discharged or transferred to the
period. Expectant are those that cannot survive treatment and
ward in a timely manner. This will allow midwifery staff to care
will rarely apply in obstetrics. In obstetrics, triage can be
for women in labour and free-up rooms. All admissions to the
simplified into a traffic-light system with ‘red’ for woman
ward should have their medication prescribed and investigations
requiring immediate attention, ‘amber’ for semi urgent cases and
requested prior to transfer.
‘green’ for elective cases which should be dealt with after man-
aging the more urgent cases. Theatre occupied
Triage in obstetrics is determined primarily by threats to In many maternity units, elective caesarean sections take place
maternal health and then by the presence of threats to the fetus. alongside emergency work on the labour suite. However in some
Threats to maternal life are the immediate priority and in gen- units, only a single team will be available. In this case, obstetric
eral optimising the mother’s condition will improve the situa- staff should not engage in routine work if there are potential
tion for the fetus. Women with immediately life threatening emergency cases that may require transfer to theatre. However,
problems should be assessed using a structured ABCDE keeping the obstetric theatre vacant in anticipation of potential
approach beginning with an assessment of the woman’s airway, problems that may arise is not justified as it will only delay
breathing and circulation, followed by an assessment of fetal elective work. Consequently, situations will arise when theatre is
wellbeing. Any intervention identified alongside the assessment occupied and another emergency arises. In many units, there is
should be implemented such as giving oxygen, gaining intra- provision for a second theatre with a team that can be assembled
venous access and giving intravenous fluids. Triage should be at relatively short notice. However if another theatre is not
informed by the Obstetric Early Warning Score (OEWS); this available, various strategies can be adopted even in real emer-
will aid early recognition of the sick woman by highlighting gencies to buy extra time or make better use of the staff and
small changes in a woman’s observations before a marked space available.
deterioration is noted in any one system or in the woman’s Strategies that may inform your decision making include tri-
clinical condition. aging cases using the Obstetric Early Warning Scores. This
Prioritisation of care on labour suite, and patient safety issues strategy provides early evidence of maternal compromise and
have previously been assessed in the OSCE of the MRCOG part 2 can be particularly useful for cases that may be delayed such as
examination and are now assessed in the part 3 exam. Trainees the repair of a third degree tear or a manual removal of placenta.
should be encouraged to use the non-technical skills for surgeons Similarly fetal blood sampling can be used to triage cases when a
(NOTTS) tool to assess their prioritisation skills by a consultant delivery may need to be delayed and there are concerns
or senior midwife present on that shift alongside their reflective regarding fetal wellbeing.
diary to gain insight into their approach of the labour suite. Strategies that may buy extra time include the use of tocol-
ysis in situations where there are concerns regarding fetal
Use of resources and managing challenging situations compromise in a woman who is contracting and filling the
One of the skills required when learning to manage a labour suite maternal bladder in a cord prolapse may dislodge the presenting
is making the best use of the resources available to you. This part sufficiently to reduce cord compression improving the CTG
includes making the best use of your time and the staff available and fetal wellbeing whilst delivery is organised. Some problems
as well as physical resources such as equipment, rooms and can be managed in the labour suite room. Third degree tear
obstetric theatres. repairs can be carried out in the labour suite room with an
epidural if the lighting and equipment are adequate. Under
Time management exceptional circumstances, a manual removal of placenta could
Effective time management requires that problems are addressed be considered if the woman has an effective epidural. The
in a timely manner. Avoid deferring decision-making as the sit- consultant should be informed if there is any deviation from
uation may become more difficult to manage. If there is uncer- standard practice and this should be clearly documented in the
tainly in managing a case, discuss the case, seek advice early or medical records along with the reasons for deviation from the
have the patient reviewed by a more senior colleague. It is also guideline.

OBSTETRICS, GYNAECOLOGY AND REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE 27:3 73 Crown Copyright Ó 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
REVIEW

Potential closure of the labour suite


The labour suite can occasionally be overwhelmed with ad- Example of labour suite board
missions, leading to resources being stretched and potential Room Parity Gestation
closure of the unit. Before considering closing the unit, it is
important to ensure that all the women on the labour suite need 1 P0 38 Admitted with pre-eclampsia and
to be there. The labour suite should be for women who are in headache, BP 180/100
labour or for those who require high dependency care that 2 P0 32 Admitted with tightenings for the last 6
cannot be provided on the antenatal or postnatal wards. A hours
board round, and if necessary award round with the labour 3 P0 39 Midwife led care, in 2nd stage and pushing
suite co-ordinator, to decide whether there are women who can for an hour
be discharged home or moved to the ward to free up rooms 4 P2 39 Induction of labour for gestational
should be carried out. Many maternity units also have a sepa- diabetes, diet control. Had propess for 24
rate 24-hour assessment unit to review non-labouring women hours. Awaiting an ARM for continuation of
presenting with minor ailments which will relieve workload on induction
the labour suite. Good team work is imperative. Discussion with 5 P2 Postnatal Normal delivery, Awaiting suturing e not
the co-ordinating midwife, supervisor of midwives and man- bleeding
agement is important when the level of work exceeds the unit 6 P0 40 Delayed 1st stage of labour, 5 cm with in
ability to provide safe care. coordinated contractions, no meconium
In this situation unit closure may be considered, though it is and normal CTG
recognised that this can then create ongoing problems when 7 P2 41 Retained placenta, trickling, EBL 400 ml
women have care provided in a different hospital, sometimes far good working epidural
from home. 8 P0 41 8 cm with Pathological CTG. No meconium
present
Staffing 9 P1 39 Undiagnosed breech, low risk pregnancy, 3
The limiting factor on many labour suites is the number of staff cm dilated membranes intact. Normal CTG
rather than the availability of resources such as rooms or theatre. 10 P2 Postnatal Day 1 post Emergency caesarean section
The labour ward manager or supervisor of midwives should be for failure to progress. EBL 2.5 L due to
informed if the workload on the labour suite exceeds the number atonic PPH. Bakri balloon in situ. Delivered
of midwives available as each labour suite has processes in place 6 hours ago
to increase staffing or to reduce workload. If the workload ex-
ceeds the medical staff available then the consultant obstetrician Table 1
and anaesthetist covering the labour suite should be asked to
attend if they are not already present and a plan made to manage <160/100. She needs fluid restriction of 85 ml/hour and her fluid
the cases. balance monitored to reduce the risk of pulmonary odema.
Magnesium may be required. Once her blood pressure has been
Example of a labour suite board (Table 1) stabilised the timing of delivery needs to be considered.
You are the ST6 obstetrics and gynaecology specialty trainee on The woman in room 2 needs a full assessment including
call for labour suite arriving for handover at 08.30 pm. The day abdominal and vaginal (speculum) examination to diagnose or
shift has been busy and all the rooms on the labour suite are exclude preterm labour. If threatened preterm labour is
occupied. The staff members available include an ST1 obstetrics confirmed, she will need steroids for fetal lung maturity and
and gynaecology specialty trainee who has been in the depart- tocolysis should be considered. One will also need to liaise with
ment for 9 months, and an anaesthetic ST5 specialty trainee. The the neonatal unit regarding cot availability and potential transfer
midwifery staff members include the co-ordinator, who can if safe and needed.
cannulate and suture. The consultant is on-call from home. In room 3, an update of the woman’s progress is required. She
may not need intervention at present if there is evidence of
What tasks are required in each room? progress in second stage and no suspicion of fetal compromise.
The woman in room 1 has severe pre-eclampsia that had just As a primiparous woman, she can continue pushing as a 2 hour
been diagnosed. She needs assessment of her symptoms of active second stage is reasonable before a medical review is
headache, abdominal pain visual disturbance and significant required. Amniotomy should be encouraged if her membranes
facial or leg odema. Structured clinical examination using ABCDE remain intact after 60 minutes of active stage.
approach is required including assessment of reflexes, clonus The continuation of the induction of labour in room 4 should
and fetal size using symphysis fundal height. She requires an be delayed until the ward activity settles down.
Obstetric Early Warning Score, fluid balance chart and fetal The woman in room 5 requires suturing of a second degree
assessment in the form of a CTG. Further investigation such as tear.
full blood count, urea and electrolytes, liver function test, protein The woman in room 6 needs a review of her progress in la-
creatinine ratio, clotting studies, group and save are also bour including assessing the frequency and strength of contrac-
required. The key management at present is to stabilise her blood tions and ensuring the fetal CTG remains normal. She may likely
pressure with antihypertensive medication aiming for a BP of require augmentation with Syntocinon.

OBSTETRICS, GYNAECOLOGY AND REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE 27:3 74 Crown Copyright Ó 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
REVIEW

The woman in room 7 has a retained placenta and delivered inadequate obstetric staffing on labour suite given the workload
30 minutes ago with active management of her 3rd stage. She on labour ward. Therefore the obstetric consultant needs to be
has trickled since delivery and her measured blood loss is 400 informed and asked to attend.
ml. Her bladder has been emptied. She needs intravenous ac-
cess with at least one wide bore cannula, a full blood count and In which order should the problems be addressed?
group and save should be taken. She should be started on an The first priority is the woman in room 1 who has the potential of
OEWS if this has not already been done. She needs a vaginal developing an eclamptic fit. She should be reviewed by the most
examination to ensure there are no significant ongoing bleeding senior obstetrician and anaesthetic registrar with the aim of
and to ensure the placenta is not just sitting at the cervix or stabilising her blood pressure with intravenous antihypertensive
vagina. If the oxytocin is not successful within 30 minutes or if medication and sending off investigations urgently.
there is evidence of ongoing bleeding then the woman should The urgent cases are room 7, room 8 and room 9. The woman
be re-examined and a manual removal of placenta should be in room 7 is at risk of a postpartum haemorrhage and must be
organised (assuming the placenta cannot be delivered). Intra- proactively managed to prevent deterioration. She should be on
venous oxytocic agents should not be routinely used to deliver a an OEWS chart and any evidence of haemodynamic instability or
retained placenta. However, if the placenta is retained and the increased vaginal bleeding warrants an urgent manual removal
woman is bleeding excessively, give intravenous oxytocic of placenta. This can even be performed in the room if needed as
agents whilst organising transfer to theatre for manual removal she has an effective epidural. The Band 7 midwife or obstetric
of placenta. ST1 should review her initially. Room 8 requires an urgent fetal
The woman in room 8 needs a fetal blood sample. If it is blood sample which should be performed by the obstetric ST1. If
normal then labour can carry on but if a category 1 caesarean the results are normal, labour can be allowed to progress but
section is required, the consultant may need to come in due to regular CTG review is required. If the FBS is abnormal immediate
the ward activity. delivery is required. The woman in room 9 with undiagnosed
There needs to be a discussion with the woman in room 9 breech could be establishing in labour. In view she is a multip-
with regards to her ongoing management. If the pregnancy has arous, she could potentially progress quickly in labour. There-
been uncomplicated and there are no contraindications to fore, once the obstetric registrar is available, she should be
external cephalic version (ECV) this may be discussed as an reviewed to assess progress and discuss options or vaginal
option. If there are contraindications to ECV the mode of delivery breech or caesarean section. ECV is more difficult once labour
by either caesarean section or vaginal breech delivery needs to be establishes.
discussed. The cases requiring attention once the other problems have
The woman in room 10 needs to be reviewed to ensure she been dealt with are room 2, room 3, room 4, room 5, room 6
remains stable over night by assessing her blood loss, recent and room 10. The woman in room 2 requires a review by a
haemoglobin level, urine output and observations. member of the obstetric team for potential preterm labour. The
woman in room 3 will require a full assessment, but could
Who should review each room and is the staffing on continue pushing if progress is still being made. Amniotomy
the labour suite adequate? should be carried out if the membranes are still intact and she
All the rooms on the labour suite are occupied and there is more will need continuous electronic fetal monitoring. A senior
work to be carried out than members of staff available. Further midwife could assess this situation. The continuation of in-
staff members may be needed. Much depends on how rapidly duction in room 4 should be delayed. In room 5, hopefully a
events unfold and how efficiently the team available can be midwife can assess and suture the perineal tear. The woman in
utilised. Do not hesitate to ask for extra help if you believe this is room 6 will require a full assessment with a consideration of
needed. commencing a Syntocinon infusion. Finally in room 10, the
The woman in room 1 should be receiving one to one care woman could be initially assessed by the anaesthetic ST5 or
from a midwife with experience of high dependency care. She obstetric ST1 to ensure there is no ongoing bleeding and her
will require a review by the most senior obstetrician and coagulation studies, haemoglobin levels and observations are
anaesthetic registrar. The woman in room 2 should be reviewed stable. A
by an ST1. The Band 7 midwife can review the woman’s progress
in room 3 and in room 4 she can provide explanation for the
situation on labour ward and apologise for the delay. Room 5 will FURTHER READING
need a review by a midwife who can suture or by a member of Ayres-de-Campos D, Deering S, Siassakos D. Sustaining simulation
the obstetric team. The woman in room 6 should be reviewed by training programmes e experience from maternity care. BJOG
the obstetric ST6. The initial assessment of the woman in room 7 2011; 118(suppl 3): 22e6.
can be carried out by either the Band 7 midwife of obstetric ST1. Centre for Maternal and Child Enquiries (CMACE). Saving mothers’
Room 8 requires a fetal blood sample which can be performed by lives: reviewing maternal deaths to make motherhood safer:
the obstetric ST1. Room 9 can initially be reviewed by the ob- 2006e08. The eighth report on confidential enquiries into
stetric ST1 however she will needs a full discussion of options maternal deaths in the United Kingdom. BJOG 2011; 118(suppl
with the obstetric ST5. Room 10 can be reviewed the anaesthetic 1): 1e203.
ST5 or obstetric ST1. Crofts J, Winter C, Sowter M. Practical simulation training for maternity
If the fetal blood sample from room 8 is abnormal and re- caredwhere we are and where next. BJOG 2011; 118(suppl 3):
quires immediate delivery in theatre, then there will be 11e6.

OBSTETRICS, GYNAECOLOGY AND REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE 27:3 75 Crown Copyright Ó 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
REVIEW

Flin R, Yule S, Paterson-Brown S, Maran N, Rowley D, Youngson G.


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Good Practice Number 12. Improving patient handover. Royal College
C Safe prioritisation of the labour suite workload begins with a
of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 2010. good handover at the beginning of the shift. Make notes and ask
Good Practice Number 10. Labour ward solutions. Royal College of questions.
Obstetricians and Gynaecologists, 2010.
C Non-technical skills such as good communication and effective
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trauma course manual. 2nd edn. RCOG Press, 2009. workplace and maintaining morale.
Jackson S, Brackley K, Landau A, Hayes K. Assessing non-technical
C Do not hesitate to ask for senior help if you do not know what the
skills on the delivery suite: a pilot study. Clin Teach 2014 Aug; 11: best course of action is.
375e80.
C Aim to anticipate potential problems instead of firefighting.
Jackson KS, Hayes K, Hinshaw K. The relevance of non-technical
C Remember that maternal wellbeing takes priority over fetal well-
skills in obstetrics and gynaecology. Obstet Gynaecol 2013; 15: being. Improving the maternal condition will, in general, improve
269e74. the fetal condition.
NICE Intrapartum Care Guideline. NICE clinical guideline 55 2007.
C Use the Obstetric Early Warning score and structured ABCDE
Safer childbirth. Minimum standards for organisation and delivery of approach to identify sick women and prioritize the workload.
care in labour. RCOG Press, 2007.
C Good documentation is essential, particularly in circumstances
Selby I, Hanson J, Hellaby M, Kay A, Dickinson M, Pimblett M. Human where you have deviated from standard practice.
factors. StratOG, September 2015.
C Use reflective practice to consider your approach to prioritization
Warren R, Arulkumaran S. Best practice in labour and delivery. Cam- and task delegation on the labour suite.
bridge University Press, 2009.

OBSTETRICS, GYNAECOLOGY AND REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE 27:3 76 Crown Copyright Ó 2017 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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