Lesson

Plan..

Robert Gagne’

9 Events of
Instruction

What
goes
 in it?
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9 Events of Instruction
#1 • Gain attention (the hook)
#2 • Orient the learner (prep and objectives)

#3 • Stimulate recall of prior knowledge

#4 • Present content material

#5 • Provide learner guidance

#6 • Elicit performance “practice”

#7 • Provide informative feedback

#8 • Assess if lesson objectives have been learned

#9 • Enhance retention and transfer

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 I. Gain Attention
#1 Gain Attention

• Provide a hook that quickly draws the learner into the lesson

• Excite learner with shock factor to motivate

• Tie event to lesson topic vs an unrelated engagement device

Examples of possible strategies:

• Present a new problem/situation/question/discussion (what if …)

• Use multimedia (short video/audio clip)

• Present a quote, something controversial, analogy

• Create a “demo”

• Use ice breaker activities

• Surprising statistics

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 #2 Orient the
Learners
Describe the lesson / objectives

• Describe, in detail, what you expect the learners to do and how they are going
to be assessed

• Objectives must be measurable and observable (verb choice is critical)

• Provide overview of lesson (preassessment may take place here to determine

what they already know)

3 types of learning as per Bloom:

cognitive (knowledge)
affective (attitudes)
psychomotor (skills)

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 (Continued)

Objectives contain three parts:

Conditions Behavior Criteria

Degree of
What learners
What is provided to
the learner (givens) will do accuracy observed

Example of objective: Given required materials (2 pieces of 12x12 in. fabric, 8-in zipper package, printed
instructions, iron, sewing machine, thread, scissors, basting tape), learner will install the zipper so that the
seams match with no excess fabric extending beyond the zipper that can be smoothly zipped up and down
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without tugging due to mismatched teeth.
Verbs based
on level in
Bloom’s
Taxonomy

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 #3 Stimulate Recall of Prior Knowledge

Serves as a connection
What
New
is
topic
known

Example of possible strategies:

• Relate prior knowledge to new topic (text/audio)

• Ask learners to discuss a related personal experience

• Brainstorm ideas or give them a situation to develop possible answers from previous
situations
• Quiz learners on previous knowledge
• Present a scenario
• Anticipate elements of upcoming events
• Ask learners to identify what they know/don’t know
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 #4 Present Content Material

• Provide content material to the learner in a way that will augment

learning

• Break material into small “chunks”

Possible examples:
readings projects multimedia
audio lectures activities simulations
graphics text websites
PowerPoint, labs/demos web 2.0 tools
Prezi, etc.
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 #5 Provide Learner Guidance

• Help learner with strategies to learn material

Instructor may provide the following:

 Provide sample problems/scenarios
 Guided Practice (reading, writing,
discussing)
 Mnemonics/ graphic organizers
 Highlighting; Compare/Contrast
 Mind Maps/Drawing
 Common mistakes/pitfalls
 Inferences/Analogies/Anecdotes
 Question/Answer
 Rubrics
 Checklists
 Guidelines
 Study guides
 Group (small/whole) discussions

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#6 Elicit Performance “Practice”

• Provide opportunity for learner to perform skills in the objective (may be

accomplished in groups and with instructor coaching)

Possible examples of “practice” are:

• Group collaboration
• Written drafts of assignments
• Labs
• Individual/group projects
• Activities
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 #7 Provide Informative Feedback

• Provide detailed, learner constructive criticism and correction

• Include specific ways to improve

• Peer/self/ instructor feedback

• Use rubrics when possible
• Give specific feedback of what is good and areas needed to improve
vs. generalized statement of
“Good Job!”

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 #8 Assess if Lesson Objectives have been Learned

• Include summative assessment to determine if objective(s) have been

met by individual learners
(solo performance of skills, without assistance)

Toolbox of Suggestions:
• Authentic Assessments
• Written Assignments
• Formal Assessments
• Presentation
• Performance
• Creation of particular product

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 #9 Enhance Retention and Transfer

• Make learning “stick” (e.g., review with additional examples)

• Provide transition for learners to apply information to other
settings
• Suggest next lesson (unit…) – “coming attractions”

Possible examples:

• Relate objectives to personal experiences

• Debrief class/student what has been learned
• Summarize content and apply to new situation
• Give learner new situation to identify transfer of
knowledge

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#1 9 Events of Instruction
#2
• Gain attention (the hook)
#3
• Orient the learner (prep and objectives)
#4
• Stimulate recall of prior knowledge
#5
• Present content material
#6
• Provide learner guidance
#7
• Elicit performance “practice”
#8
• Provide informative feedback
#9
• Assess if lesson objectives have been learned
• Enhance retention and transfer
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 Additional Resources
9 Events of Instruction:
http://citt.ufl.edu/tools/gagnes-9-events-of-instruction/

http://blog.integratedlearningservices.com/2010/06/anatomy-of-elearning-lesson-nine-events.html
http://www.slideshare.net/CPappasOnline/robert-gagnes-instruction-design-model-the-nine-events-of-instructions
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hUymf-qHuAw 7 min 9 events &ADDIE inc Gagne’ background

Writing Performance Objectives:

http://www.itma.vt.edu/modules/spring03/instrdes/lesson6.htm (Dick & Carey)
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2pkFpm-QEmQ (Dick & Carey)

ADDIE
http://www.slideshare.net/CPappasOnline/the-addie-instructional-design-model

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