DEFINITION

The simple past tense shows that an action started and completed in the past
and has no relevance to the present time at all. It can also be used to describe
how someone felt, what their emotional condition was, at a point in the past. 

TIME EXPRESSION

Yesterday Ago Last Month Just Now

In 2003 Last week In 1993 Last Saturday

KEYWORD!!!
SUBJECT: People, Animals, Things

EXAMPLE: Aiman, Cats, Ball

VERB: Things we do, Action

EXAMPLE: Sleep, Play, Catch

OBJECT: Whatever or Whoever that receives the action

FORMS

VERBS

SUBJECT+MAIN VERB (+ED)+OBJECT

SUBJECT+HELPING VERB (DO)+ NOT+ MAIN VERB (BASE FORM)+OBJECT

HELPING VERB (DO)+ SUBJECT+ MAIN VERB (BASE FORM)+ OBJECT?

SUBJECT HELPING MAIN VERB OBJECT

VERB (DO)

He, She, It, listened to my teacher

I, They, We,
took the kid to his mother.
You

He, She, It, did not listen to my teacher

I, They, We,
did not take the kid to his mother.
You

Did He, She, It, I, listen to my teacher

They, We, You
Did take the kid to his mother.

EXAMPLES

1. He drew the old man out of the ditch.

2. She used to wash clothes daily.

 3. He wrote an interesting story.

4. The child completed his homework.

5. His mother would wash clothes.

6. I did not steal your book.

7. You did not finish your homework.

8. They did not go to school.

9. He did not watch the fireworks.

10. She did not sleep.

11. Did he write a letter?

12. Did he live in this house?

13. Did she give her speech?

14. Did we sleep just now?

15. Did I leave my phone on the table?

FORMS

VERB TO BE

SUBJECT+VERB TO BE (WAS/ WERE)+…..

SUBJECT+ VERB TO BE (WAS/ WERE)+ NOT+……

VERB TO BE (WAS/ WERE)+ SUBJECT+ ……..

SUBJECT VERB TO BE

He, She, It, was tired.

I
 They, We, were sleepy.
You

He, She, It, was not tired.

I
were not sleepy.
They, We,
You

Was He, She, It, I tired?

Were They, We, You sleepy?

SPELLING RULES
Regular verbs become the second  form, taking most commonly ‘–ed’ at the end of
the verbs.
Examples:
Present Past

answer answered

accept accepted

boil boiled

However there are some exceptions to the rule. These are stated below.
1. If the verb ends with ‘-e ‘, we add ‘ –d ‘.
Examples:
Present Past

move moved

dance danced

use used

2. If the verb ends with consonant + vowel + consonant, we double the final consonant
and add ‘ –ed ‘.
Examples:
Present Past

plan planned

stop stopped
 prefer preferred

3. If the verb ends with W, X or when the final syllable is not emphasized, We do not
double the final consonant and add ‘–ed’.
Examples:
Present Past

show showed

fix fixed

allow allowed

4. If the verb ends with two vowels + a consonant, we do not double the final consonant
and add ‘–ed’.
Examples:
Present Past

rain rained

need needed

wait waited

5. If a two-syllable verb ends with consonant + vowel + consonant, we do not double the
final consonant when the stress is on the first syllable and add ‘–ed’.
Examples:
Present Past

suffer suffered

offer offered

happen happened

6. If the verb ends with consonant + vowel + ‘-l’ , we normally double the final ‘ –l ‘ and
add ‘-ed’.
However, in the United States (US) they do not double the ‘-l’ when the accent is on
the first syllable.

Examples:
Present Past (UK) Past (US)

travel travelled ( UK ) traveled ( US )

 marvel marvelled ( UK ) marveled ( US )

7. If the verb ends with two consonants, we do not double the final consonant add ‘-ed’.
Examples:
Present Past

help helped

add added

warn warned

8)If the verb ends with a consonant + ‘-y’ , we throw the final ‘ –y‘ and add ‘-ied’ at the
end of the verb.
Examples:
Present Past

apply applied

reply replied

carry carried

9. If the verb ends with a vowel + ‘-y’ , we throw the final ‘ –y‘ and add ‘-ed’ at the end
of the verb, not ‘ied’.
Examples:
Present Past

enjoy enjoyed

annoy annoyed

play played
COMPREHENSION

JACK AND THE BEANSTALK

Once upon a time there (1)was (be) a boy called Jack. He (2)lived (live) with his

mother.They (3)were (be) very poor.All they had (4) was (be) a cow.One

morning,Jack’s mother (5)told (tell) him to take the cow to the market and sell

her.On the way Jack (6)met (meet) a man.He (7)gave (give) Jack some magic

beans for the cow.Jack (8)took (take) the beans and (9)went (go) back

home.When Jack’s mother saw the beans she (10)was(be) very angry.She

(11)threw (throw) the beans out of the window.The next morning,Jack (12)looked

(look) out of the window.There (13)was (be) a giant beanstalk.He (14)went (go)

outside and (15)started (start) to climb the beanstalk.He (16)climed (climb) up

to the sky through the clouds.Jack (17)saw (see) a beautiful castle. He (18)went

(go) inside. Jack (19)heard (hear) a voice “Fee,fi,fo,fum!” and (19)ran (run) into

a cupboard.An enormous giant (20)came (come) into the room and (21)sat (sit)

down. On the table there (22)were (be) a hen and a golden harp.”Lay” said the

giant. The hen (23)laid (lay) an egg-it was made of gold. ”Sing” said the giant.

The harp (24)began (begin) to sing. Soon the giant (25)was (be) asleep. Jack

(26)jumped (jump) out of the cupboard. He (27)took (take) the hen and the

harp. Suddenly the harp (28)sang (sing) “Help, master!”. The giant (29)shouted

(shout), “Fee,fi,fo,fum!”.Jack (30)ran (run) and (31)started (start) to climb down

the beanstalk. The giant (32)came (come) down after him. Jack (33)shouted

(shout) “Mother, help!” Jack’s mother (34)took (take) an axe and (35)chopped

(chop) down the beanstalk. The giant (36)fell (fall) and (37)crashed (crash) to

the ground. Nobody ever (38)saw (see) him again. With the golden eggs and the

magic harp Jack and his mother (39)lived (live) happily ever after.

RAPUNZEL
Once upon a time a couple lived in a house next door to a witch. The

wife longed to eat the lettuces in the witch's beautiful garden. The wife

wanted the lettuces so much that her husband decided to steal them but he
was caught by the witch. "Have the lettuces but soon you will have a baby

and you must give me your child when she is born." The man was so scared

that he agreed to everything she asked. When the little girl was born, the

witch took her away and named her Rapunzel. When Rapunzel grew up, the

witch locked her away in a tower in the middle of a forest with one window

right at the top. Whilst Rapunzel lived in the tower her golden hair grew

longer and longer. When the witch visited she would call "Rapunzel! Rapunzel!

Let down your long hair". Rapunzel let down her hair and the witch climbed

up.

One day a handsome Prince rode through the wood and found the

tower. He heard singing and saw Rapunzel at the window. He watched the

witch come to the tower and climb Rapunzel's hair and decided to do the

same. The prince visited Rapunzel every day but when the witch found out

she tricked the prince and threw him out of the tower. He fell on some

thorns and scratched his eyes. The prince was blind for a long time until

one day he heard Rapunzel. When she saw it was her prince, she cried with

happiness. Her tears touched his eyes and he could see again! They lived

happily ever after in his kingdom.

READ THE FAIRY TALE AND ANSWER THE QUESTIONS

1.What did the wife want to eat?

The wife wanted to eat lettuces.

2.Could the wife eat lettuces?

Yes, the wife could eat the lettuces.

3.What happened when the husband stole lettuces?

The husband was caught when he was stealing the lettuces.

4.What did the witch want for the lettuces?

The witch wanted the baby for the lettuces.

5.Did the husband agree the witch’s offer?

Yes,the husband agreed with the witch’s offer.

6.What happened after the baby was born?

After the baby was born the witch took away the baby and named her

Rapunzel.

7.Where did the witch keep Rapunzel?

The witch kept Rapunzel in a tower in the middle of a forest with one

window right on the top.

8.How was the Rapunzel’s hair?

Rapunzel’s hair was golden and grew longer and longer.

9.How did the witch enter the tower?

The witch used Rapunzel’s hair and climbed up the tower.

10.What did the prince hear when he found the tower?

The prince heard a singing and saw Rapunzel.

11.What happened to the prince when the witch realised him?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

12.Why did Rapunzel cry?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

13.How could the prince see again?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

The simple present tense is one of several forms of present tense in English. It
is used to describe habits, unchanging situations, general truths, and fixed
arrangements. 

TIME EXPRESSION

This evening When Until As soon as After

Before Twice a Every Often Always

month Tuesday

At 10 am Usually Sometimes
  subject helping verb main verb

I, you, we, they write a note.

He, she it, writes a note.

I, you, we, they do not write a note.

He, she, it does not write a note.

Do I, you, we, they write a note?

Does he, she, it write a note?

 subject Verb to be

I am a teacher

You, we, they are teachers

He, she , it is a teacher

I am not tired

You, we, they are not tired

He, she, it is not tired

Am I lost?

Are You, we, they lost?

Is He, she , it lost?

SPELLING RULES
▪ For pronouns I, you, we, they, there is no modification for verbs.
▪ For pronouns he, she, it, a suffix is added following these rules:
For verbs that end in –o, –ch, –sh, –s, –x, or –z, the suffix –es is added
Examples: Do – Does
Touch – Touches
Fix – Fixes

For verbs that end in a consonant + y, the letter y is replaced by the

suffix –ies.
Example: Try – Tries
Study – Studies
Carry – Carries

In other cases, the suffix –s is added.

Examples: Cook – Cooks
Say – Says
Laugh – laughs
BOOK REVIEW
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oDNeoKZMvgM
TASK
Read your completed version of the book review that we have done.