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Chapter 5 Lecture 2 of 5 PDF
Chapter 5 Lecture 2 of 5 PDF
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of the lesson, students
should be able to
c) identify a one-to-one function by using
algebraic approach or horizontal line
test.
e) state the domain and range of a
function.
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
c) Identify a one-to-one function by using
algebraic approach or horizontal line test
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
a) Algebraic method
A function f is said to be one-to-one if
f ( x1 ) f ( x2 ) implies that x1 x2 .
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
Example 1
Determine whether the following functions are
one-to-one by using algebraic method.
a ) f ( x) 4 x 1
b) f ( x) x 2 6 x 4
c) f ( x) x4
d ) f ( x) x 2
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
Solution
a ) f ( x) 4 x 1
f ( x1 ) f ( x2 )
4x1 1 4x2 1
4 x1 4 x2
x1 x2
f is one-to-one function.
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
b) f ( x) x 2 6 x 4
f ( x1 ) f ( x2 )
x12 6 x1 4 x22 6 x2 4
x12 x22 6 x1 6 x2 0 a 2 b 2 (a b)(a b)
( x1 x2 )( x1 x2 ) 6( x1 x2 ) 0
( x1 x2 )( x1 x2 6) 0
x1 x2 0 or x1 x2 6 0
x1 x2 or x1 x2 6
f is not one-to-one function.
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
c) f ( x) x4
f ( x1 ) f ( x2 )
x1 4 x2 4
x1 4 x2 4
x1 x2
f is one-to-one function.
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
d ) f ( x) x 2
f ( x1 ) f ( x2 )
x1 2 x 2 2
x1 2 x2 2 or x1 2 ( x2 2)
x1 x2 or x1 2 x2 2
x1 x2 4
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
b) Graphical method
The horizontal line test is a graphical
method use to determine whether a
function is one-to-one.
If a horizontal line drawn intersects the
graph at only one point, then the function
is one-to-one.
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
Example 2
Determine whether the following functions are
one-to-one.
a ) f ( x) 4 x 1 b) f ( x) x 2 4
f(x) f(x)
0 x 4
-1 x
0
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
c) f ( x) x4 d ) f ( x) x 2
f(x) f(x)
0 4 x -2 0 x
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
Solution
a ) f ( x) 4 x 1
f(x)
0 x
-1
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
b) f ( x) x 4
2
f(x)
4
x
0
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
c) f ( x) x4
f(x)
0 4 x
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
d ) f ( x) x 2
f(x)
-2 0 x
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
e) State the domain and range of a function
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
There are two methods of finding the domain
and range of a function
a) graphical method
b) algebraic method
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
a) Graphical method
If a graph of y=f(x) is given, then the domain
is obtained from the x-axis while the range is
obtained from the y-axis.
Note:
For polynomial linear function and cubic
function
D f ( , )
R f ( , )
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
Example 3
Based on the graph y=f(x), state the domain
and range of function f .
a ) f ( x) 4 x 1 b) f ( x) x 2 4
f(x) f(x)
0 x
4
-1 x
0
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
c) f ( x) x4 d ) f ( x) x 2
f(x) f(x)
0 4 x -2 0 x
2
e) f ( x ) x 3 2 f ) f ( x)
x
f(x) f(x)
2
0 x x
0
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
Solution
a ) f ( x) 4 x 1 b) f ( x) x 4
2
f(x) f(x)
0 x
4
-1 x
0
D f ( , ) D f ( , )
R f ( , ) R f [4 , )
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
c) f ( x) x4 d ) f ( x) x 2
f(x) f(x)
0 4 x -2 0 x
D f [4 , ) D f ( , )
R f [0 , ) R f [0 , )
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
2
e) f ( x ) x 2
3
f ) f ( x)
x
f(x) f(x)
2
0 x x
0
D f ( , ) D f ( , 0) (0 , )
R f ( , ) R f ( , 0) (0 , )
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
b) Algebraic method
For a function to be defined, the values of x
that cause division by zero or negative
values under a square root have to be
exclude from the domain.
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
Example 4
By using algebraic method, determine the
domain and range of each of the following
functions.
a ) f ( x) 4 x 1 b) f ( x) x 2 4
c) f ( x) x4 d ) f ( x) x 2
2
e) f ( x ) x 2
3 f ) f ( x)
x
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
Solution
a ) f ( x) 4 x 1
D f ( , )
R f ( , )
b) f ( x) x 2 4
D f ( , )
Since x 2 0
x 44
2
f ( x) 4
R f [4 , )
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
c) f ( x) x4
For f defined
x40
x4
D f [4 , )
Since x4 0
f ( x) 0
R f [0 , )
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
d ) f ( x) x 2
D f ( , )
Since x 2 0
f ( x) 0
R f [0 , )
e) f ( x ) x 3 2
D f ( , )
R f ( , )
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW
2
f ) f ( x)
x
For f defined
x0
D f ( , 0) (0 , )
2
Let y
x
2
x
y
For x defined
y0
R f ( , 0) (0 , )
CCL/CHC/KKW/CCW