BASIC ELECTRONICS: ACTIVITY 2

Jameson l. Estander BSME-2B

OSCILLOSCOPE

An oscilloscope, or scope for short, is an electronic test instrument that is used to observe
an electronic signal, typically voltage, as a function of time. In other words it is a voltage versus
time plotter. Oscilloscopes come in two basic types, analogue or digital, and support various
features and functions useful for measuring and testing electronic circuits.

PARTS AND FUNCTIONS

Display

Probes

In order to measure the electrical signals, one has to have probes

connected to the BNC (Bayonet Neill-Concelman) connector on an
oscilloscope. Normally, the probe consists of two ends: one is a
measuring clip colored sometimes in red; and the other is a grounding
clip colored black.

Display

The display can be an analogue or a digital type. The analogue one uses Cathode Ray Tube
(CRT), while the digital one uses Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). The basic style of the display is
associated with horizontal and vertical lines, which is called the graticule. These lines are the
references to measure time, voltages, currents, etc.

Trigger Controls

The trigger circuit acts as a comparator. When the signal matches the trigger setting, the
oscilloscope generates a trigger and captures the signal. Edge triggering is used most often; it
captures the signal on a rising or falling edge.

- Determines which signal is compared to the trigger settings.

 - Determines where on the edge the trigger point occurs.

- Determines whether the trigger point is on the rising edge (positive slope) or the
falling edge (negative slope) of a signal.

Vertical Controls

- Moves the waveform up and down on the display.

-Per-Division) - Varies the size of the waveform on the screen.

- Limits the bandwidth of the oscilloscope to the frequency selected to

reduce displayed noise. Restricts frequencies above the limit from being displayed and also from
affecting the trigger.

- Determines which part of the signal is displayed.

- DC Coupling: Shows all of the input signal.

- AC Coupling: Blocks the DC component of the signal, centering the waveform at 0 volts.

- Ground Coupling: Disconnects the input signal to show where 0 volts is on the screen.

Autoset - Identifies the type of waveform and adjusts controls to produce a usable display of the
input signal.

Horizontal Controls

- Moves the waveform left and right on the display.

-Per-Division)

- Determines the amount of time displayed.

Zoom Controls

The zoom function magnifies captured waveforms to show more signal detail.

- Changes the zoom scale factor.

- Changes the position of the zoom window

Courseware controls

Overview: Provides basic information about lab experiments such as objectives, theory and
equipment requirements.

-by-step instructions for setting-up and performing experiments.

documenting the results.

lete lab report from the data collected during the

experiment.
 Activity No. 1

ELECTRONIC SCHEMATIC SYMBOLS

INTRODUCTION:

Electronic prints fall into two basic categories, electronic schematics and block diagrams.

Electronic schematics represent the most detailed category of electronic drawings. They depict
every component in a circuit, the component's technical information (such as its ratings), and how each
component is wired into the circuit. Block diagrams are the simplest type of drawing. As the name
implies, block diagrams represent any part, component, or system as a simple geometric shape, with each
block capable of representing a single component (such as a relay) or an entire system. The intended use
of the drawing dictates the level of detail provided by each block.

Of all the different types of electronic drawings, electronic schematics provide the most detail and
information about a circuit. Each electronic component in a given circuit will be depicted and, in most
cases, its rating or other applicable component information will be provided. This type of drawing
provides the level of information needed to troubleshoot electronic circuits.

Electronic schematics are the most difficult type of drawing to read, because they require a very high
level of knowledge as to how each of the electronic components affects, or is affected by, an electrical
current. This activity reviews only the symbols commonly used in depicting the many components in
electronic systems. Once mastered, this knowledge should enable the reader to obtain a functional
understanding of most electronic prints and schematics.

LEARNING OUTCOME/S:

LO1: Identify the different passive devices used in electronics

LO4. Be familiar with schematic symbols, identification and connections

OBJECTIVE/S: To Understand and Draw the symbols of various electronic devices

EQUIPMENT / TOOLS/ MATERIALS:

8.5” x 13” Bondpaper

0.5 Mechanical

Pencil

Eraser

Ruler