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Lesson 2 Module Socratic and Dialectic Method
Lesson 2 Module Socratic and Dialectic Method
LEARNING COMPETENCIES:
-Distinguish truth from opinion
-Realize that the method of philosophy lead to wisdom and truth
-Evaluate Truth from opinion in different situations using the methods of philosophizing.
INTRODUCTION
METHODS OF PHILOSOPHIZING
-Philosophizing is a way to reveal the truth about the various stages of life
-Philosophizing means to think or express one self in a philosophical manner
-Is a process of determining the truth
TRUTH
A truth is something that has actual and proven existence scientifically and spiritually
regardless of one's opinion and beliefs. It is undisputed, objective, universal, constant,
exact and factual.
EXAMPLES:
All things that can be seen are temporal.(undisputed)
Two plus two equals for (2+2=4) . (exact)
The Philippines, as proven in geographical and anthropological properties, is a
country in Southern Asia. (factual)
Opinion is what someone believes or thinks. A fact is firmly planted in the material
world, while truth extends to the spritual realm.
SOCRATIC METHOD LEADS TO WISDOM AND TRUTH
The socratic method has been emphasized to use statement deconstructions and
creative questioning to delve deeper into an issue. It is a systematic process whereby
random and ambiguous ideas are eliminated to reach a sound conclusion. Reaching
an endpoint, therefore, would only mean that truth has been realized, and new
knowledge has been acquired
-love is kind
-loving parents show love by sacrificing their lives for their children.
-love (agape) is selfless and unconditional. It is manifested in both physical and
spiritual realms.
TRY IT!
Try to engage in Socratic questioning exercise with your friend. You may be the one
to initiate the process by asking your friend any relevant topic about the discussion.
From there, you may further ask questions related to your friend's responses. Continue
to clarify the responses until you have fully grasped the idea presented. This activity
may also be done alternatively, with your friend probing you for your answers
ACTIVITY 1:
DIRECTION: Identify if it is truth or opinion.Write T for truth and O for
opinion.
____1. Adobo tastes great.
____2. All Filipinos love basketball.
____3. Aquino was a male Filipino president.
____4. Blue is the best color.
____5. Cats are not as friendly as dogs.
____6. Fire needs oxygen to burn.
____7. Italian is an easier language to learn than Spanish.
____8. Next year, Manny Pacquiao will win against his new opponent.
____9. The capital of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) is Moscow.
____10.Today is a school day.
____11.Keisha has a Twitter account.
____12.He unfriended and blocked her on Facebook.
____13.He was confined in the hospital last night.
____14.All people must breathe to live.
____15.He is stupid.
____16.I don’t like sisig.
____17.Most people have two arms and legs.
____18.The separation of church and state is enshrined in the constitution and
prohibits the establishment of a state religion. Pope Francis is the leader of the
Catholic Church.
____19.”I have this deep, abiding faith in God but that does not mean that you have to
have a religion, you have to follow somebody that you have to get a message from
this and that.’’ “For the record, I believe in God, but I do not believe in
religions.Period.”
____20.The most hypocritical institution in the Philippine is the Catholic Church.
ACTIVITY 2:
DIRECTION: Write the correct answer on the space provided.
___3.What type of interrogative method clarifies points through understanding the deeper
meaning of a claim?
a. Socratic questioning
b. Socratic theory
c. Socratic fact-truth inquiry
d. Socratic philosophizing
___5.While using the socratioc method in your class discussion, two of your classmates stated
contradicting statements about the issue at hand. What should you do with those
contradictions?
a. Accept both statements as valid.
b. Ask the class to vote on which statement should be accepted.
c. Do not accept any of the two statements as valid.
d. Ask the teacher her views about the statements.
___6. A lawyer wants to further examine the statement of his client who said that she “took
her time” to pick out a dress before proceeding to the party where the crime took place. If you
were the lawyer, how would you probe the statement of your client?
a. “How much time do you mean when you say that you “took your time”.
b. “How much money did you bring to that party?
c. “What is your relationship with the person hosted the party?
d. “What type of dress did you buy?”
___10.How can the use of the Socratic method be described if placed in the academic setting?
1. The teacher probes the intimidate students.
2. The Socratic method always has a clearly defined specific goal highlighted before the start
of the process.
Select your answer
a. neither statement 1 nor 2
b. statement 1
c. statement 2
d. both statements 1 and 2
Reference:
INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON BOOK/
www.google.com
Prepared by:
MIKEE R. MARCELO
1.1 INTRODUCTION
While waiting for your teacher, you overhear your two classmates debating on
which part of the day is better for studying for an exam. one of them that she prefers
to study at night because it is quiet, while the other stated that he likes to study in the
morning because it is when he most feels active. after an exchange of factual
knowledge about their study habits, your classmates both agreed that studying during
the morning is better that studying at night.
DIALECTIC METHOD
In the previous example, your two classmates were able to conclude that it is
better to study in the morning after having analyzed the facts that they presented to
each other. To come up with that, they used a process called dialectics or the dialectic
method.
DIALECTIC METHOD OF PHILOSOPHIZING
*The term 'dialectic' comes from the greek world dialektike which means ' the art
of conversation.'
*It is the art of talking back of the forth, disagreeing with one another, and
arguing about contentious issues.
*In philosophy, it is a method of coming up with a conclusion from an exchange
of contradicting logical arguments.
* The aim of dialectics, as a process of the dialogue, is the clarification of
controversial nations arguments with other people. in this process personal and
shared conceptions should be considered and corrected.
*Many philosophers, such as Hegel, Aristotle, and,Socrates had their own beliefs
and explanations about this approach ; however, the basic concept remains to be the
same.
Examples:
* discussing the pros and cons of a variety of a human resoures strategies as
forms of managing employees in the work place, then choosing the best option.
* Evaluating two physical activities regarding their ability to increase work
performance
OPINION AND TRUTH
* The dialectic method may involve both opinions and fact as long as they are
logical and lead to the truth. It is therefore important to distinguish opinion from truth.
* An opinion is a personal view formed about a particular matter, such as your
perception of using e-books rather than actual books.
* Truth is something that has real and proven existence regardless of one's
opinion, such as the fact that the heart is a muscle.
Read the following statements, the distinguish the opinion from the truth.
STATEMENT A STATEMENT B
The President is the most intelligent The President is the most powerful
person in the country. person in the country.
___6. Your classmate argues that your school fee will have 40% increase in the next
quarter. You disagree. How will you respond to her if you want to facilitate dialectic
conversation?
a.'' The administration would have already given us detailed memo by now if that is
true''
b. ''My parents will be shocked to hear that''
c.'' The tuition is already too expensive. I cannot afford that''
d.''Many students will want to avail the scholarship for the next quarter''
___10. How will you justify the dialectic method as an appropriate tool for resolving
three different conflicting ideas?
1. As long as objective and subjective forms of communication can be made about
these conflicting ideas, then the number of conflicting points does not matter.
2. As long as conclusion can be made from these conflicting thoughts, then the
number of conflicting points does not matter.
a. statement 1 b. both statement 1 and 2
c. neither statement 1 nor 2 d. statement 2
Can the dialect method be used to arrive at a conclusion for three or more conflicting
points? Why? Why not?
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Reference:
INTRODUCTION TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF THE HUMAN PERSON BOOK/
www.google.com
Prepared by:
MIKEE R. MARCELO