wm 0−w m wm 0−wmr

= Slope of speed torque curve of motor

0−T 0−T r

wm 0 −wmr
w m=wm 0−
[ Tr
T
] (1)

Where wm0, wmr, Tr are no load speed, rated speed, and rated torque
respectively.

Differentiating eq(1) wrt t and multiplying both sides by J.

dwm w −w mr dT dT
J
dt
=−J m 0
Tr [ ]( dt )
=−τ m ( )
dt
(2)

wm 0 −w mr
Where τ m=J [ Tr ] (3) is mechanical time constant of

motor is time required for motor to change motor speed wm0-wmr when
motor torque is maintained at T=Tr.

From fundamental torque eq.

T =−τ m ( dTdt )+ T l

T +τm ( dTdt )=T l (4)

In one period of load torque two intervals:

1. High load interval: (0≤t≤th) Tl=Tlh

Solution of eq (4) is
T =T lh ¿ Tmin –motor torque at t=0

At t=th T=Tmax
T max=T lh ¿ (6)

2. Light load inertval (th≤t≤ th+ tl) Tl=Tll

T= Tmax solution of eq (4) is
T =T ¿ ¿ 0≤t’≤tl (7)
t ' =t −t h
 When operating in steady state motor torque at the end of cycle will be
same as at the beginning of cycle.
Hence at t’=tl, T= Tmin put in eq(7)
T min =T ¿ ¿ (8)

From eq (6) taking log on both sides

th
τ m=
T lh −T min (9)
ln
[ T lh −T max ]
From (3) and (9)
Tr
J=
th
(w ¿ ¿ m 0−wmr )
{ [ ]}
ln
T lh −T min
T lh −T max
¿ (11)

Other way from eq (8) find τm

tl
τ m=
T max −T ¿ (12)
ln
[ T min −T ¿ ]
From eq(3) and (12)
Tr
J=
tl
(w ¿ ¿ m 0−wmr )
{ [ ]}
ln
T max −T ¿
T min −T ¿
¿ (13)

MI of the flywheel required can be calculated from eq(11) or (13)

Once J is known, flywheel design parameters can be calculated using

J=W R 2 kg-m2 (14)

Where W- weight and R is radius (m).

Numericals: Load Equalization

2.22 A 6pole, 50Hz, 3 phase wound rotor induction motor has a flywheel coupled to its
shaft. The total MI of motor flywheel is 1000 kg-m 2. Load torque is 1000N-m of
10sec duration followed by a no load period which is long enough for the drive to
reach to reach its no load speed. Motor has slip of 3% at load torque of 500N-m.
calculate
1) Maximum torque developed by the motor
2) Speed at the end of deceleration period
Assume motor speed torque characteristics to be straight line in the operating range.
2.23 A motor with flywheel has to supply a load torque of 600 N-m for 10 sec followed
by a no load period long enough for the flywheel to retain its full speed. It is
desired to limit the motor torque to 450 N-m. What should be the MI of FW? The
no load speed of motor is 600rpm and it has a slip of 8% at a torque of 400 N-m.
Assume motor speed torque characteristics to be a straight line in the range of
operation. Motor has inertia of 10 kg-m2.
2.24 A 3 phase, 100 kw, 6 pole , 960 rpm wound rotor IM drives a load whose torque
varies such that a torque of 3000 N-m of 10 sec duration is followed by a torque of
500 N-m of duration long enough for the motor to attain steady state speed.
Calculate MI of FW, if motor torque should not exceed twice the rated value. Mi of
motor is 10 kg-m2. Motor has a linear speed torque curve in the region of interest.
2.25 F
2.26 Load diagram of a shearing machine shows a periodic fluctuation of torque with
10,000 N-m required for 10 sec and 1000 N-m for 20sec. The combined inertia of
motor and flywheel referred to motor shaft is 1000kg-m 2. Calculate maximum and
minimum values of torque and speed. The motor speed torque characteristic is a
straight line given by the equation T=20,000-20N , N-m where N is the speed in
rpm.