PORT OF COLOMBO

LOCATION
Country Sri Lanka
Location Colombo
Coordinates 06°57′10″N 79°50′41″E
UN/LOCODE LKCMB

Details
Opened Ancient
Shanghai International Port Group (75%)
Operated by
Sri Lanka Ports Authority (25%)
Type of harbor Seaport
Land area 4.8 km2 (1,200 acres)
Size Large
Available
51
berths
Piers 27
Vision LOGISTIC EXCELLENCE IN THE SILK ROUTE

Statistics
Annual cargo
30.9 million (2008)
tonnage

Annual
container 7 million TEUs
volume

Website http://www.slpa.lk/

The Port of Colombo (known as Port of Kolomtota during the early 14th Century Kotte
Kingdom) is the largest and busiest port in Sri Lanka. Located in Colombo, on the
southwestern shores on the Kelani River, it serves as an important terminal in Asia due to its
strategic location in the Indian Ocean. During the 1980s, the port underwent rapid
modernization with the installation of Cranes, Gantries and other modern-day terminal
requirements.

Currently with a capacity of 7 million TEUs and a dredged depth of over 15 m (49 ft), the
Colombo Harbour is one of the busiest ports in the world, and ranks among the top 25 ports. It
is also one of the biggest artificial harbours in the world handling most of the country's foreign
trade. It has an annual cargo tonnage of 30.9 million tons. The port is also the naval base for
Sri Lanka Navy Western Fleet under the Commander Western Naval Area (COMWEST). The
Port of Colombo is home to the second tallest building in South Asia and is the center for many
commercial interests.

Contents
 1 History
o 1.1 Early history
o 1.2 Medieval history

1
 o 1.3 British Ceylon and Independence
o 1.4 1980 to 2000
o 1.5 2000 to Present
 2 Expansion project
o 2.1 Colombo South Container Terminal CSCT
 3 Port facilities
 4 See also
 5 References
 6 External links

History

Colombo Harbour

2
 MV Logos Hope ship berthed at Colombo harbour in 2015

Early history

The Port of Colombo was known to Roman, Arab, and Chinese traders more than 2000 years
ago. By the 8th century, Arab Muslim traders settled in Colombo as a base for their trade for
that part of the world. Today, they make up the local Sri Lankan Moor community.

Medieval history

Among the users of the port, China, India and Persia were among the first people to use the
harbour. In 1505 the Portuguese first discovered the Port of Colombo when first arriving to the
island. In an effort to protect the coast from invaders the King of Kotte at the time,
Parakamabahu VIII made a treaty with the Portuguese giving them the right to trade cinnamon
from the island, and receiving full authority of the coastline. The Portuguese established a
trading post in the port but they soon expelled the Muslims and began building a fort in 1517.

In order of protecting their interests in coastal India the Portuguese Knew that controlling the
island was vital, and so took advantage of royal rivalries between the Kingdoms. However,
when the King of Sitawaka, Mayadunne, invaded the Kotte Kingdom and forced the
Portuguese into retreat they retreated into the Port of Colombo, besieging the city many times.
When the Kotte kingdom fell to the Kingdom of Sitawaka, the Portuguese were able to control
the entire coast, making the Port of Colombo their capital. That area of the city is still called
"Fort".

In 1638 the Dutch empire signed a treaty with Rajasinghe II of Kandy for monopoly over the
island's trade goods and in turn promising help in the Kandyan King's war effort with the
Portuguese. In 1656 the Portuguese were eventually defeated through a terrible siege which
ended with only 93 Portuguese survivors leaving the fort. The area captured by the Dutch was
given back to the Sinhalese king, however continued to control the area and the rich cinnamon

3
lands. Until 1796, The Port of Colombo was also the capital of the Dutch Maritime Provinces
controlled by the Dutch East India Company.[6]

British Ceylon and Independence

The Port of Colombo fell to the British in 1796, when they first arrived on the island. However it
remained a Kandyan Kingdom military outpost until it was surrendered in 1815. The Port was
made the capital of the new British crown colony called Ceylon. The British decided to build
houses and civilian buildings rather than making it into a military centre, giving birth to the
modern Port of Colombo.

In 1865, the Municipal Council was created by the British in the Port of Colombo in an effort to
teach the local population self-governance. The Colombo Municipal Council was practically the
Legislative Council of Ceylon, meeting for the first time in 1866. In 1912, the Port was
converted into a sheltered harbour, and the Colombo Port Commission was established in
1913. Much of the city was planned during the British occupation of the Port of Colombo.

The Port saw dramatic changes when the country gained its independence in 1948. The
Queen Elizabeth Quay was opened in 1954, while 16 alongside berths, transit sheds and
warehouses were completed. In 1958 The Port Corporation was founded. Sri Lanka's economy
began to improve, even though it had influences of Portuguese, Dutch and British cultures
while its own had been repressed.[6]

1980 to 2000

The Sri Lanka Ports Authority was created in 1980. The harbour underwent a major
transformation to handle containerised cargo in the early 1980s, with two being built by the end
of the 1980s and three more in the early 1990s. Due to this, and its strategic location amidst
trade routes, the port became more attractive to main line shipping than any other port in the
region.[8] After the introduction of private sector operators, it consolidated its position as a
major regional hub port for transshipment cargo in the late 1990s. The main channel of the port
was deepened to 15 meters, while it also reached the one million mark for annual handling of
container TEUs in 1996. In 1997 the Oil Berth was opened and container traffic made it to the
1.5 million TEUs mark. 1998 saw the opening of a new container terminal while 1999 saw a
new container yard begin operation. The Oluvil Lighthouse was commissioned, and the Oluvil
Maritime Training Center opened also in 1999. The South Asia Gateway Terminal began
operations, and a new 50 thousand DWT berth was constructed.

2000 to Present

Colombo Harbour in August 2013

4
A third berth at Galle Regional Port was started in 2000, while the Peliyagoda Container
Freight Station was opened. The second phase of the North Pier development started, and the
port opened a one-stop documentation center opened its doors. In 2002, the multi-purpose
Ashraff Quay was inaugurated, while the new Customer Service Center for LCL and breakbulk
cargoes was opened in the same year. 2003 saw the Unity Container Terminal and the
Colombo Port Maritime Museum open. In 2004 the Port handled 2.2 million TEUs of
containerized cargo, which increased to 2.45 million TEUs in 2005. At present, the port
handles 15% of transshipment cargo in South Asia. However, in early 2009, the container
throughput of Nhava Sheva Harbour surpassed that of Colombo. However in 2016 Colombo
port surpassed Nhava Sheva Harbour and become the largest and busiest container port in
South Asia.[2]China Government announced plans to purchase most of the Colombo South
port for $1.7 billion. Although the deal was completed on 2014. The other terminals and the
5,000 acre industrial zone in the harbour were to be controlled by the SLPA.

Expansion project
In 2008, the port commenced a large-scale expansion project at a cost of US$ 1.2 billion,
which is expected to dramatically increase the port's capacity and capabilities. The project,
which was headed by the Sri Lanka Ports Authority and built by the Hyundai Engineering &
Construction Company, was completed by 11 April 2012.

The expansion project consisted of four new terminals that are 1200m in length and can
accommodate 3 berths each, alongside a depth of 18 m (59 ft) (which can be deepened to
23 m (75 ft)). The channel width of the harbour is to be 560m and depth of 20m, with harbour
basin depth of 18m and a 600m turning circle. It increases the annual container handling
capacity from 4 million TEUs to approximately 12 million TEUs. It is also able to accommodate
larger container vessels, carrying around 22,000 TEUs.

The first terminal was awarded to the China Merchants Holdings (International) - Aitken
Spence consortium on 16 September 2010. [11] The new terminal is planned to be operational
by First Quarter 2013.

A panoramic view of the early construction stages of the expansion project.

Colombo South Container Terminal CSCT

The 2.4 million TEU capacity Colombo South Container Terminal, the first terminal under new
expansion in the Port of Colombo is built by Colombo International Container Terminals Ltd.,
(CICT), a joint venture company between China Merchants Holdings (International) Co., Ltd.
(CMHI) and the Sri Lanka Ports Authority (SLPA). It is developing the new port under a 35-
year build, operate, and transfer agreement with the SLPA.

5
Commenced construction in December 2011, the first "pace" was ceremonially opened for
traffic on 8 August 2013, making Colombo Port complex one of the biggest in the World.

Total length of new Breakwater is 6830 m. Berth Depth is 18 m.

Port facilities

Containers stacked at the port.

Colombo Harbour

The Colombo Port currently has three container terminals: Jaya Container Terminal (JCT),
South Asia Gateway Terminals (SAGT - operated by John Keells Holdings) and Unity
Container Terminal (UCT). These terminals operate round the clock for faster turn around time
than any other operator in the region. Port facilities include:

 04 Feeder Berths
 07 Container Berths
 14 Quay Cranes
 12 Super-Post Panamax Cranes
 02 Twin_lift Super-Post Panamax Crane[9]
 04 Wall-mounted Gantries
 78 Rubber-tyred Gantries[9]
 285 Terminal tractors and trailers[9]

6
Now with the expansion of the Colombo South Harbour project CICT(Colombo International
Container Terminal) was established and 12 Quay Cranes were added.

Additional facilities include the Bandaranaike Quay (BQ) and Prince Vijaya Quay (PVQ) with
four rail mounted quay cranes, and 6,245 m2 (67,221 sq ft) of bonded warehouses.

References
a. "UNLOCODE (LK) - SRI LANKA". service.unece.org. Retrieved 28 April 2020.
b. "How China Got Sri Lanka to Cough Up a Port". www.nytimes.com. The New York
Times Company. Retrieved 25 June 2018.
c. "Mahinda Rajapaksa responds" . www.ft.lk. Wijeya Newspapers Ltd. Retrieved 2 July
2018.
d. (2018)[1] Archived 11 March 2010 at the Wayback Machine
e. Port of Colombo Archived 28 December 2009 at the Wayback Machine
f. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 15 December
2009.
g. Colombo Port records highest cargo throughput in 2008 Archived 5 June 2011 at the
Wayback Machine
h. "Sri Lanka port lures Emirates Shipping Line". Archived from the original on 22 July
2011. Retrieved 15 December 2009.
i. "First ever twin-lift ship delivered" . Archived from the original on 24 May 2010. Retrieved
15 December 2009.
j. Colombo South Harbour Development Project Archived 29 October 2013 at the
Wayback Machine
k. Sri Lanka Aitken Spence-China Merchant consortium gets terminal deal Archived 4
November 2010 at the Wayback Machine LBO, 2010-09-16
l. New Colombo port terminal on stream soon Archived 26 September 2010 at the
Wayback Machine Sunday Times, 2010-09-19.
m. "History and fact about the Port of Colombo" . Archived from the original on 18 July
2011. Retrieved 15 December 2009.

 This page was last edited on 18 July 2020, at 08:51 (UTC).

7
 THE PORT CITY OF COLOMBO

The Port City was claimed to be a concept of former President Mahinda Rajapaksa, who was
apparently inspired while inspecting the landfill being constructed for the Colombo South port.
The modern Port City was in fact an unsolicitated proposal submitted by China Harbour
Engineering Company based on previous proposals.

The construction was set to begin in March 2011 but due to several circumstances the project
was stopped. In mid 2012, the Sri Lankan Port Authority, better known as SLPA, announced
that the construction of the then Colombo Port City project would commence on 17 September
2014. The budget is estimated to be US$1.5 billion.

The reclamation was to be carried out by China Harbor Engineering Corporation, who has
been engaged by the investor. 125 ha (310 acres) was the land was given to government as
well as 88 ha (220 acres) while owned by the government was planned to be leased for 99
years to the Chinese company. 20 ha (49 acres) was planned to be given freehold to the
Chinese company.

Construction of the Colombo Port City project was launched on 17 September 2014 by Sri-
Lankan President Mahinda Rajapaksa and the Chinese President Xi Jinping.

The port city has been criticised for several reasons. Many environmentalists claim that the
port city contain many environmental hazards and the adverse environmental impacts the
project will cause would be far more than the economic benefits it may have to offer. Maritime
sector veterans also pointed out the dangers Sri Lanka may face due to giving outright
ownership of land to China specially in a high-security zone and concerns about its effects on
Sri Lanka's sovereignty has also been expressed. The project was also criticized for its lack of
transparency and irregularities such as the involvement of SLPA which is implementing the
reclamation project, had no mandate to do so as its mandate is to deal with ports and shipping.

The Colombo International Financial Centre

The port city was suspended after the fall of the Rajapaksa government due to issues related
to sovereignty of Sri Lanka and adverse environmental impacts. The project was replaced with
the siginging of a new agreement for the Colombo international Financial Centre several other
major changes including stricter environmental restrictions were agreed on. The changes
include,

Free hold lands

According to the agreement signed in September 2014 signed by the Rajapaksa government,
a land of 20 ha (49 acres) will be granted to C.H.E.C. Port City (Pvt) Ltd on free hold base and
the rest land is granted on 99-year lease basis. According to the consultations of the new
government, no land will be granted on free hold basis, and all the lands will be on 99-year
lease basis. If the government does not require these 20 hectares, the company may obtain
the land for another 99 years.

Role of the Sri Lanka Ports Authority and the Urban Development Authority

According to the original agreement the Ports Authority Act is to be amended to enable the
Ports Authority to obtain 62 ha (150 acres) from the project company for its use and
development activities. According to the article 6 of the act, this is limited to the objectives of
the Ports Authority. Though the Rajapaksa government has declared that Sri Lankan lands
could be used for development of immovable properties, no such authority is granted under the
8
Article no. 6. Under the new agreement, the Sri Lanka Ports Authority will not be assigned of
immovable properties development and its responsibilities will be limited to activities allowed
by the current Sri Lanka Ports Authority Act. Therefore, it has been decided that the most
suitable institution to assign reclaimed lands is the Urban Development Authority.

Role of the Ministry of Megapolis and Western Development

Under the new agreement, responsibility of performing government responsibilities including

amendment of the Sri Lanka Ports Authority Act is vested with the Ministry of Ports and
Shipping. Instead of the agreement signed by the previous government on 16 September
2014, a new trilateral agreement will be signed among the Ministry of Megapolis and Western
Development (on behalf of the government), UDA and the project company.

Legal situation of the lands proposed to be filled

The status of lands to be filled is unclear under the original concessionary agreement signed
by the previous government. Those lands are not a part of the Colombo District. Hence, it is
not considered as a land belonging to the Sri Lankan territory according to the article 5 of the
Constitution. Under the new law, the land will be brought into the Administrative District of
Colombo, and it will be assigned to the proposed Financial City Corporation out of the
Colombo Municipal Council.

According to the original agreement a key tax plan will be implemented by the Sri Lanka Ports
Authority related to leasing of lands to the project company. Under the new agreement, filled
lands will be gazetted by the President under the Lands Ordinance and thereafter will be
allocated to the UDA. The UDA will declare them as a development area under the Urban
Development Authority Act. This will happen before land is leased on 99 year basis to the
Project Company.

Fishermen’s Income Support Programme

Under the original agreement, responsibility for funding the income support programme to
fishermen was a responsibility of the SLPA. No such programme was implemented by the
previous administration of the SLPA.

Under the new agreement, the project company will allocate Rs. 500 million towards the
fishermen's income support programme to the Ministry of Megapolis and Western
Development to implement the programme in consultation with the Ministry of Fisheries and
Aquatic Resources Development.

Utilities and transport infrastructure

Under the original agreement all investments in roads and utilities within the reclaimed area
was the responsibility of the project company while providing all utilities and road infrastructure
to the periphery of the site was the responsibility of the Government of Sri Lanka (GOSL).

Under the new agreement, the possibility of undertaking public-private partnerships through
the project company will be evaluated as a long-term solution to ease the GOSL's
responsibility of undertaking provisions of road infrastructure and utilities to the periphery of the
site.

Management and maintenance of the reclaimed area

9
Colombo Port City (land reclamation) seen from Galle road.

Under the original agreement, an Estate Management Company (EMC) 100% owned by the
GOSL would manage, maintain, and repair the common areas of the Port City by collecting
management charges from investors. However, until such time EMC is self-sustainable, GOSL
or SLPA would have had to inject funds for the operation of the EMC. In order to ease the
GOSL's obligation to fund such a venture, under the new agreement, the project company has
agreed to consider establishing and operating the EMC in partnership with GOSL.

Limits imposed on developing GOSL lands

The original agreement limits developments GOSL could undertake on its land during three
years from the completion of reclamation to educational and cultural activities only. Under the
new agreement the above has expanded in favour of the GOSL to include healthcare and
hospitals and exhibition and convention centres and the new Colombo International Financial
Centre. Also no restrictions will be placed on developing the North and West ports of the
Colombo Harbour. In addition, the project company has agreed to setting up the CIFC building
in the land area reclaimed first including making a new investment in the CIFC building no
sooner it is technically feasible to build on reclaimed land and upon mutually acceptable terms
being agreed with the GOSL after a feasibility study.

Compensation claims

In view of the goodwill created by the visits of the Sri Lankan President and the Hon. Prime
Minister to China, the project company has agreed to withdraw all compensation claims for
losses incurred due to the suspension of the project caused by the failure of the previous
administration of the SLPA to obtain the required environmental permits.

In their original Master Plan there was provision for night racing. They had fully abandoned that
plan at present. In view of this, a large extent of marketable land becomes available. Out of
this, 2 hectares may be allocated to them, without reducing the land extent of 62  ha (150
acres) owned by the GOSL. This will be a gesture to reciprocate their goodwill in completely
waiving off all compensation claims.This proposal was acceptable to the GOSL since the
project company has agreed in the new master plan approved by the UDA this year to
increase public lands (parks, roads, walkways, etc. to be used by the general public) by 28
hectares more than originally planned to make Port City more attractive to the public. For

10
example, when completed port city will have 45 hectares of parks and 13 ha (32 acres) of
artificial beaches (compared to 5.7 ha (14 acres) available to the public at Galle Face Green).

Environmental approvals

Under the original agreement, the responsibility for undertaking and financing all environmental
approvals for the project was a responsibility of the SLPA. There were shortcomings in the
environmental approvals obtained by the former administration of the SLPA, A comprehensive
new supplementary environmental impact assessment was carried out by the Ministry of
Megapolis in 2015 to address such shortcomings with the cooperation and funding extended
by the project company.

New environmental conditions

Under the original environmental impact assessment(EIA) study carried out in 2011, only 42
conditions were imposed by the Department of Coast Conservation in its development permit.
However under the new supplementary EIA carried out by the Ministry of Megapolis for 269 ha
(660 acres) of reclaimed land and made available for public comments in December 2015, the
new development permit issued by the Department of Coast Conservation includes 70
conditions to mitigate the impact on the environment.

Change of status

The Rajapaksa administration had this as a Land Reclamation Project to use this initially for
real estate, sports, education and cultural development including night racing tracks etc.
Therefore, the bulk of the land was not available for real estate development by the
government. Now it has been agreed with the Chinese Government that this land is being used
to build a Financial City to fill the vacuum between Singapore and Dubai. This will enable
offshore operations. For this purpose, the government will propose new laws for governing
offshore activities like in Dubai. The Financial City will make a major income earner and an
employment provider for Sri Lanka.

The CIFC building complex was approved for construction in December 2018. The city will use
construction resources from the Colombo Harbour Expansion Project, currently under
construction near the site of this proposed city.

Special legal framework

It has been proposed that the CIFC will governed by an independent authority and will not be
subjected to the Colombo Municipal Council. A special legal framework would enable CIFC to
operate on a unique subset of commercial law, in terms of contracts and commercial
transactions with its own Special Colombo Financial Court serving as the court of first instance
and provision of appeal to the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka. It would have its own arbitration
centres. Making it a city running on its own rules. This has led to accusations that it could
became a hub for money laundering by corrupt elements.

Construction
The inauguration of the project was in 2014 with a revised plan inaugurated in October 2019. It
is projected that the water reclamation would be completed in around twenty-eight months.
The city would be completed in 2041.

The proposal and construction has helped grow the local economy. Xinhua wrote an article in
early 2019 with a figure of 4000 jobs.
11
Land Reclamation

The port city would require around 269 hectares of reclaimed land. 116 hectares is owned by
the China Communications Construction Company (CCCC), itself owned by the China Harbor
Engineering Company (CHEC), and the Government of Sri Lanka has set aside another 91
hectares for public spaces.

Early stages of construction.

At a question and answer section in July 2018, the Prime Minister stated that the land
reclamation would be finished within one year and that construction should begin by next year,
and that the government seeking assistance in establishing the legal construct for the
administrative area. This was successfully completed in January 2019 according to the
Ministry of Megapolis and Western Development.

The project was around three months ahead of its targeted completion as of January 2019.

Basic Infrastructure

The construction of the basic infrastructure required for the port city will take around fifteen
months to complete according to China Daily. More specifically, the hydrostructural
construction would be complete by the middle of 2019, with the construction of municipal
facilities being completed by July 2020.

The Road Development Authority had sent approval for the new road network and piling work
had begun for the nine bridged by January 2019.

References
12
a. https://theurbandeveloper.com/articles/sri-lankas-us15-billion-port-city-colombo-marked-completion-
2041
b. "Tripartite agreement signed for CIFC". Daily Mirror. 12 August 2016.

c. "Sri Lanka drawing up laws for off-shore banking centre with Dubai backing".
www.economynext.com. 30 January 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2016.

d. "Colombo financial centre in Sri Lanka to be governed by British law: Finance Minister".
www.economynext.com. 25 February 2016. Retrieved 12 August 2016.

e. "Port City to attract US$ 13 bn investment from 2018". Daily Mirror. 1 April 2017.

f. "Formula One Track To Be Built On Planned 'New Port City' Colombo". Thesundayleader.lk.
Archived from the original on 2 May 2014. Retrieved 2 May 2014.

g. Philips, Rajan (5 December 2015). "The Megapolisation of Colombo:Is a compromise on Port City
achievable?". The Island.

h. Wijeratne, Yudhanjaya. "This is the Colombo Port City?". www.icaruswept.com. Archived from the
original on 25 December 2017.

j. "Critical Analyses of Colombo Port City Project". Daily Mirror. 16 December 2014.

k. Gamini Gunaratna, Sri Lanka News Paper by LankaPage.com (LLC)- Latest Hot News from Sri
Lanka (30 July 2012). "Construction of Sri Lanka's port city to begin later this year". Colombopage.com.
Archived from the original on 19 January 2014. Retrieved 2 May 2014.

l. "Port City developer defends itself vigorously". The Island. 22 February 2014.

m. "Colombo Port City Project Launched". News.lk. 17 September 2014.

n. "Port City Project Environmental Time Bomb? 1.4 billion US dollar investment". Ceylon Today.
Retrieved 31 October 2015.

p. "Outright land ownership to China at Port City dangerous, points out maritime sector veteran:
Interview | Adaderana Biz English | Sri Lanka Business News". bizenglish.adaderana.lk. Retrieved 31
October 2015.

q. "Sri Lanka expresses sovereignty concerns over Chinese port city project". www.economynext.com.
16 January 2016. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 October 2015.

r. "Colombo Port City will be scrapped: Ranil". Daily Mirror. 16 December 2014. Retrieved 17
December 2014.

s. "Port city project will resume under new agreement". Colombo Gazette. 31 October 2015. Retrieved
31 October 2015.

t. "Sri Lanka's Port City developer withdraws compensation claims – Lanka Business Online".
www.lankabusinessonline.com. Retrieved 2 August 2016.

u. "Financial Times".

v. "Sri Lanka to create special economic zone law, financial court, for Port City". Economynext.
Retrieved 31 October 2019.

w. Sirimanna, Bandula. "Constitutional amendment required for Port city laws". Sunday Times.
Retrieved 31 October 2019.

13
x. Muttukumaru, Amrit. "Colombo International Financial City; A Money Laundering Hub?". Colombo
Telegraphe. Retrieved 31 October 2019.

y. India, Press Trust of (16 January 2019). "Colombo Port City project is of great importance to us,
says Chinese envoy". Business Standard India. Retrieved 1 May 2019.

z. "$ 1 b Colombo financial city to kick off in Oct". www.ft.lk. Retrieved 1 May 2019.

aa. "Commentary: China sets no debt trap, but stage for financial integration - Xinhua |
English.news.cn". www.xinhuanet.com. Retrieved 1 May 2019.

bb. "Sri Lanka : Sri Lanka\'s Port City completes land reclamation". www.colombopage.com. Retrieved
1 May 2019.

cc. http://www.ft.lk/top-story/CIFC-laws-before-Cabinet-in-two-months--PM/26-658808

dd. "Mega project aims to transform city into global center - World - Chinadaily.com.cn".
www.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved 1 May 2019.

ee. Daily, China. "Belt and Road projects: Past, present, future". www.prnewswire.co.uk. Retrieved 1
May 2019.

ff. http://www.ft.lk/top-story/Tripartite-agreements-for-Port-City-investments/26-670863

Developments in Sri Lanka

Proposed or under construction

 Altair
 Hyatt Regency Colombo
 Colombo Lotus Tower
 Diamond Tower
 Fairmount Residencies
Skyscrapers
 GS Towers
 Havelock City
 Krrish Square
 NEB Tower
 96 Iconic Tower

 Colombo–Kandy Expressway
 Katunayake–Padeniya–Anuradhapura Expressway
Roads
 Colombo–Jaffna Expressway
 Palk Strait bridge

Entertainment  Mahinda Rajapaksa National Tele-Cinema Park

Transport  Port of Colombo

 Colombo South Harbour
 Port of Hambantota
 Port of Galle

14
  Port of Kankasanturai
 Port of Oluvil
 Port of Point Pedro

 Colombo International Financial City

Other projects  Seruwila Museum
 Western Region Megapolis

15